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Journal articles on the topic 'Epulopiscium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Flint, Joseph F., Dan Drzymalski, W. Linn Montgomery, Gordon Southam, and Esther R. Angert. "Nocturnal Production of Endospores in Natural Populations of Epulopiscium-Like Surgeonfish Symbionts." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 21 (November 1, 2005): 7460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.21.7460-7470.2005.

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ABSTRACT Prior studies have described a morphologically diverse group of intestinal microorganisms associated with surgeonfish. Despite their diversity of form, 16S rRNA gene surveys and fluorescent in situ hybridizations indicate that these bacteria are low-G+C gram-positive bacteria related to Epulopiscium spp. Many of these bacteria exhibit an unusual mode of reproduction, developing multiple offspring intracellularly. Previous reports have suggested that some Epulopiscium-like symbionts produce dormant or phase-bright intracellular offspring. Close relatives of Epulopiscium, such as Metabacterium polyspora and Clostridium lentocellum, are endospore-forming bacteria, which raises the possibility that the phase-bright offspring are endospores. Structural evidence and the presence of dipicolinic acid demonstrate that phase-bright offspring of Epulopiscium-like bacteria are true endospores. In addition, endospores are formed as part of the normal daily life cycle of these bacteria. In the populations studied, mature endospores were seen only at night and the majority of cells in a given population produced one or two endospores per mother cell. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the close relationship between the endospore-forming surgeonfish symbionts characterized here and previously described Epulopiscium spp. The broad distribution of endospore formation among the Epulopiscium phylogenetic group raises the possibility that sporulation is a characteristic of the group. We speculate that spore formation in Epulopiscium-like symbionts may be important for dispersal and may also enhance survival in the changing conditions of the fish intestinal tract.

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2

Angert, Esther R., and Kendall D. Clements. "Initiation of intracellular offspring in Epulopiscium." Molecular Microbiology 51, no. 3 (December 15, 2003): 827–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03869.x.

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3

Robinow, C., and Esther R. Angert. "Nucleoids and coated vesicles of " Epulopiscium " spp." Archives of Microbiology 170, no. 4 (September 9, 1998): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050637.

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4

Bresler, V., and L. Fishelson. "Polyploidy and polyteny in the gigantic eubacterium Epulopiscium fishelsoni." Marine Biology 143, no. 1 (July 1, 2003): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-003-1055-2.

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5

Ngugi, David Kamanda, Sou Miyake, Matt Cahill, Manikandan Vinu, Timothy J. Hackmann, Jochen Blom, Matthew D. Tietbohl, Michael L. Berumen, and Ulrich Stingl. "Genomic diversification of giant enteric symbionts reflects host dietary lifestyles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 36 (August 23, 2017): E7592—E7601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703070114.

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Herbivorous surgeonfishes are an ecologically successful group of reef fish that rely on marine algae as their principal food source. Here, we elucidated the significance of giant enteric symbionts colonizing these fishes regarding their roles in the digestive processes of hosts feeding predominantly on polysiphonous red algae and brown Turbinaria algae, which contain different polysaccharide constituents. Using metagenomics, single-cell genomics, and metatranscriptomic analyses, we provide evidence of metabolic diversification of enteric microbiota involved in the degradation of algal biomass in these fishes. The enteric microbiota is also phylogenetically and functionally simple relative to the complex lignocellulose-degrading microbiota of terrestrial herbivores. Over 90% of the enzymes for deconstructing algal polysaccharides emanate from members of a single bacterial lineage, “Candidatus Epulopiscium” and related giant bacteria. These symbionts lack cellulases but encode a distinctive and lineage-specific array of mostly intracellular carbohydrases concurrent with the unique and tractable dietary resources of their hosts. Importantly, enzymes initiating the breakdown of the abundant and complex algal polysaccharides also originate from these symbionts. These are also highly transcribed and peak according to the diel lifestyle of their host, further supporting their importance and host–symbiont cospeciation. Because of their distinctive genomic blueprint, we propose the classification of these giant bacteria into three candidate genera. Collectively, our findings show that the acquisition of metabolically distinct “Epulopiscium” symbionts in hosts feeding on compositionally varied algal diets is a key niche-partitioning driver in the nutritional ecology of herbivorous surgeonfishes.

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6

Gao, Yu-Miao, Ke-Shu Zou, Lei Zhou, Xian-De Huang, Yi-Yang Li, Xiang-Yang Gao, Xiao Chen, and Xiao-Yong Zhang. "Deep Insights into Gut Microbiota in Four Carnivorous Coral Reef Fishes from the South China Sea." Microorganisms 8, no. 3 (March 18, 2020): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8030426.

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Investigations of gut microbial diversity among fish to provide baseline data for wild marine fish, especially the carnivorous coral reef fishes of the South China Sea, are lacking. The present study investigated the gut microbiota of four carnivorous coral reef fishes, including Oxycheilinus unifasciatus, Cephalopholis urodeta, Lutjanus kasmira, and Gnathodentex aurolineatus, from the South China Sea for the first time using high-throughput Illumina sequencing. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes constituted 98% of the gut microbiota of the four fishes, and 20 of the gut microbial genera recovered in this study represent new reports from marine fishes. Comparative analysis indicated that the four fishes shared a similar microbial community, suggesting that diet type (carnivorous) might play a more important role in shaping the gut microbiota of coral reef fishes than the species of fish. Furthermore, the genera Psychrobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, and Vibrio constituted the core microbial community of the four fishes, accounting for 61–91% of the total sequences in each fish. The lack of the genus Epulopiscium in the four fishes was in sharp contrast to what has been found in coral reef fishes from the Red Sea, in which Epulopiscium was shown to be the most dominant gut microbial genus in seven herbivorous coral reef fishes. In addition, while unique gut microbial genera accounted for a small proportion (8–13%) of the total sequences, many such genera were distributed in each coral reef fish species, including several genera (Endozoicomonas, Clostridium, and Staphylococcus) that are frequently found in marine fishes and 11 new reports of gut microbes in marine fishes. The present study expands our knowledge of the diversity and specificity of gut microbes associated with coral reef fishes.

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7

Bresler, V., and L. Fishelson. "Export pumps in Epulopiscium fishelsoni, the symbiotic giant gut bacterium in Acanthurus nigrofuscus." Naturwissenschaften 93, no. 4 (March 14, 2006): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-006-0084-3.

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8

Arroyo, Francine A., Teresa E. Pawlowska, J. Howard Choat, Kendall D. Clements, and Esther R. Angert. "Recombination contributes to population diversification in the polyploid intestinal symbiont Epulopiscium sp. type B." ISME Journal 13, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 1084–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0339-y.

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9

Pollak, Peggy E., and W. Linn Montgomery. "Giant bacterium (Epulopiscium fishelsoni ) influences digestive enzyme activity of an herbivorous surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigrofuscus)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology 108, no. 4 (August 1994): 657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-9629(94)90352-2.

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10

Miller, D. A., J. H. Choat, K. D. Clements, and E. R. Angert. "The spoIIE Homolog of Epulopiscium sp. Type B Is Expressed Early in Intracellular Offspring Development." Journal of Bacteriology 193, no. 10 (March 11, 2011): 2642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00105-11.

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11

Bresler, V., W. L. Montgomery, L. Fishelson, and P. E. Pollak. "Gigantism in a Bacterium, Epulopiscium fishelsoni, Correlates with Complex Patterns in Arrangement, Quantity, and Segregation of DNA." Journal of Bacteriology 180, no. 21 (November 1, 1998): 5601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.21.5601-5611.1998.

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ABSTRACT Epulopiscium fishelsoni, gut symbiont of the brown surgeonfish (Acanthurus nigrofuscus) in the Red Sea, attains a larger size than any other eubacterium, varies 10- to 20-fold in length (and >2,000-fold in volume), and undergoes a complex daily life cycle. In early morning, nucleoids contain highly condensed DNA in elongate, chromosome-like structures which are physically separated from the general cytoplasm. Cell division involves production of two (rarely three) nucleoids within a cell, deposition of cell walls around expanded nucleoids, and emergence of daughter cells from the parent cell. Fluorescence measurements of DNA, RNA, and other cell components indicate the following. DNA quantity is proportional to cell volume over cell lengths of ∼30 μm to >500 μm. For cells of a given size, nucleoids of cells with two nucleoids (binucleoid) contain approximately equal amounts of DNA. And each nucleoid of a binucleoid cell contains one-half the DNA of the single nucleoid in a uninucleoid cell of the same size. The life cycle involves approximately equal subdivision of DNA among daughter cells, formation of apical caps of condensed DNA from previously decondensed and diffusely distributed DNA, and “pinching” of DNA near the middle of the cell in the absence of new wall formation. Mechanisms underlying these patterns remain unclear, but formation of daughter nucleoids and cells occurs both during diurnal periods of host feeding and bacterial cell growth and during nocturnal periods of host inactivity when mean bacterial cell size declines.

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12

Miller, David A., Garret Suen, Kendall D. Clements, and Esther R. Angert. "The genomic basis for the evolution of a novel form of cellular reproduction in the bacterium Epulopiscium." BMC Genomics 13, no. 1 (2012): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-13-265.

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13

MONTGOMERY, W. LINN, and PEGGY E. POLLAK. "Epulopiscium fishelsoniN. G., N. Sp., a Protist of Uncertain Taxonomic Affinities from the Gut of an Herbivorous Reef Fish1." Journal of Protozoology 35, no. 4 (November 1988): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1988.tb04153.x.

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14

Angert, E. R., A. E. Brooks, and N. R. Pace. "Phylogenetic analysis of Metabacterium polyspora: clues to the evolutionary origin of daughter cell production in Epulopiscium species, the largest bacteria." Journal of bacteriology 178, no. 5 (1996): 1451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.178.5.1451-1456.1996.

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15

Wang, Xiaoqi, Zhichao Zhang, Weiwen Yin, Qingxun Zhang, Rujing Wang, and Ziyuan Duan. "Interactions between Cryptosporidium, Enterocytozoon, Giardia and Intestinal Microbiota in Bactrian Camels on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China." Applied Sciences 11, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 3595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11083595.

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Cryptosporidium spp., Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Giardia duodenalis are zoonotic pathogens commonly found in the intestinal tract of mammalian hosts including livestock and humans. The prevalence of these eukaryote microorganisms in domestic animals and their interaction with intestinal microbiota are not yet fully recognized. We analyzed the intestinal microbiota composition with metagenomics and functional characterization with Cluster of Orthologous (COG) in Bactrian camels, which were raised on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Northwest China. Thus, fecal samples were collected from the animals to determine the parasite infection and the profile of microbiota. Analysis of intestinal microbiota at genus level revealed important features of interaction between parasites infection and bacterial community. Coprococcus and Prevotella were more abundant while Akkermansia had lower relative abundance with E. bieneusi infection. Bacteria of Akkermansia, Lactococcus, Oxalobacter, Sphaerochaeta, Paludibacter, Fibrobacter, Anaerovibrio, Pseudomonas, Mogibacterium, Pseudoramibacter_Eubacterium, YRC22, Flexispira, SMB53, AF12, and Roseburia genera were found under-presented and Oscillospira genus over-presented when G. duodenalis infection was present. Meanwhile, Cryptosporidium spp. and E. bieneusi co-infected animals showed lower relative abundance of Allobaculum, Rikenella, Shuttleworthia, Epulopiscium, Bilophila, Dorea, Fibrobacter, and TG5. Results demonstrate important interaction between the intestinal parasites and microbiota, and provide informative link for understanding the co-evolution of zoonotic pathogens and bacteria in domestic animals.

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16

León-Zayas, Rosa, Molly McCargar, Joshua A. Drew, and Jennifer F. Biddle. "Microbiomes of fish, sediment and seagrass suggest connectivity of coral reef microbial populations." PeerJ 8 (September 21, 2020): e10026. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10026.

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The benthic environments of coral reefs are heavily shaped by physiochemical factors, but also the ecological interactions of the animals and plants in the reef ecosystem. Microbial populations may be shared within the ecosystem of sediments, seagrasses and reef fish. In this study, we hypothesize that coral reef and seagrass environments share members of the microbial community that are rare in some habitats and enriched in others, and that animals may integrate this connectivity. We investigated the potential connectivity between the microbiomes of sediments, seagrass blades and roots (Syringodium isoetifolium), and a seagrass-specialist parrotfish (C. spinidens) guts in reef areas of Fiji. We contrasted these with sediment samples from the Florida Keys, gut samples from surgeonfish (A. nigricauda, Acanthurinae sp. unknown, C. striatus), and ocean water microbiomes from the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans to test the robustness of our characterizations of microbiome environments. In general, water, sediment and fish gut samples were all distinct microbiomes. Sediment microbiomes were mostly similar between Fiji and Florida, but also showed some regional similarities. In Fiji, we show connectivity of a shared microbiome between seagrass, fish and sediments. Additionally, we identified an environmental reservoir of a surgeonfish symbiont, Epulopiscium. The connection of these ecosystem components suggests that the total microbiome of these environments may vary as their animal inhabitants shift in a changing ocean.

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17

Tian, Yan, Luo Zuo, Qin Guo, Jun Li, Zhangyong Hu, Kui Zhao, Can Li, et al. "Potential role of fecal microbiota in patients with constipation." Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 13 (January 2020): 175628482096842. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756284820968423.

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Background We evaluated the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for chronic functional constipation (CFC) ineffectively treated by conventional constipation medication. Methods Thirty-four patients with CFC underwent FMT treatment (three rounds, via gastroscopy). Clinical scales, including the Wexner constipation score as the main index of efficiency, were completed at baseline; after each treatment, and at 2 and 3 months of follow up. Secondary evaluation indices included the self-assessment of constipation symptoms, patient assessment constipation quality-of-life questionnaire, Bristol stool form scale, and Zung’s self-rating depression and anxiety scales. Gastrointestinal motility, motilin, gastrin, nitric oxide (NO), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were assessed before and after treatment. Intestinal flora changes were assessed by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing. Results There were no serious adverse reactions. The clinical cure rate was 73.5% (25/34), clinical remission rate was 14.7% (5/34), and the inefficiency rate was 11.8% (4/34). Clinical scale data indicated that the FMT treatment was effective. Furthermore, FMT treatment promoted intestinal peristalsis, increased gastrointestinal motility, and increased serum NO and 5-HT levels. The 16S rRNA sequencing data indicated that high abundances of Bacteroides, Klebsiella, Megamonas, Erysipelotrichaceae and Epulopiscium may be the cause of constipation, and high abundances of Prevotella, Acidaminococcus and Butyricimonas may be the main factors in curing constipation. Conclusion Treatment with FMT regulates the intestinal microflora and changes the abundance of CFC-associated bacterial flora to improve constipation.

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18

Angert, Esther R. "Challenges faced by highly polyploid bacteria with limits on DNA inheritance." Genome Biology and Evolution, March 2, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab037.

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Abstract Most studies of bacterial reproduction have centered on organisms that undergo binary fission. In these models, complete chromosome copies are segregated with great fidelity into two equivalent offspring cells. All genetic material is passed on to offspring, including new mutations and horizontally acquired sequences. However, some bacterial lineages employ diverse reproductive patterns that require management and segregation of more than two chromosome copies. Epulopiscium spp., and their close relatives within the Firmicutes phylum, are intestinal symbionts of surgeonfish (family Acanthuridae). Each of these giant (up to 0.6 mm long), cigar-shaped bacteria contains tens of thousands of chromosome copies. Epulopiscium spp. do not use binary fission but instead produce multiple intracellular offspring. Only ∼1% of the genetic material in an Epulopiscium sp. type B mother cell is directly inherited by its offspring cells. And yet, even in late stages of offspring development, mother-cell chromosome copies continue to replicate. Consequently, chromosomes take on a somatic or germline role. Epulopiscium sp. type B is a strict anaerobe and while it is an obligate symbiont, its host has a facultative association with this intestinal microorganism. Therefore, Epulopiscium sp. type B populations face several bottlenecks that could endanger their diversity and resilience. Multilocus sequence analyses revealed that recombination is important to diversification in populations of Epulopiscium sp. type B. By employing mechanisms common to others in the Firmicutes, the coordinated timing of mother-cell lysis, offspring development and congression may facilitate the substantial recombination observed in Epulopiscium sp. type B populations.

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19

Faughnan, Patrick, and Andrew Piefer. "Chemotaxis in Epulopiscium." FASEB Journal 27, S1 (April 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1039.4.

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20

Boyce, Samantha C., and Andrew J. Piefer. "Mutagenesis in Epulopiscium sp. B 1,3‐β‐glucanase." FASEB Journal 27, S1 (April 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.789.20.

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21

Lajeunesse, Karah Lynn, and Andrew John Piefer. "Activity Studies of Epulopiscium Type B 1,3‐β‐glucanase." FASEB Journal 24, S1 (April 2010). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.835.9.

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22

Meiser, Kelly L., and Andrew J. Piefer. "Interaction Between Putative Epulopiscium sp. Type B Chemotaxis Proteins." FASEB Journal 25, S1 (April 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.953.1.

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23

Deal‐Laroda, Nikolas Antonio, and Andrew John Piefer. "Expression and characterization of triosephosphate isomerase from Epulopiscium sp. Type B." FASEB Journal 23, S1 (April 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.853.12.

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24

Faughnan, Patrick, and Andrew Piefer. "Protein‐protein interactions involved in chemotaxis of Epulopiscium sp. type b (614.4)." FASEB Journal 28, S1 (April 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.614.4.

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25

Pryde, Carson, and Andrew Piefer. "Interaction of Epulopiscium Methyl‐Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins with E. Coli CheW and CheA." FASEB Journal 25, S1 (April 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.953.2.

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26

Troy, Gina Marie, and Andrew John Piefer. "Recombinant expression and characterization of Epulopiscium sp. Type B glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase." FASEB Journal 23, S1 (April 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.23.1_supplement.853.13.

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27

Kessler, Julie A., and Andrew J. Piefer. "Identifying Chemotaxis Protein‐Protein Interactions in the Symbiotic Aquatic Bacterium Epulopiscium Sp. B." FASEB Journal 26, S1 (April 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.764.1.

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28

Levesque, Brié, and Andrew J. Piefer. "Identifying chemotaxis protein‐protein interactions in Epulopiscium sp. Type B using a yeast two hybrid system." FASEB Journal 27, S1 (April 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1039.3.

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29

Miyake, Sou, David K. Ngugi, and Ulrich Stingl. "Phylogenetic Diversity, Distribution, and Cophylogeny of Giant Bacteria (Epulopiscium) with their Surgeonfish Hosts in the Red Sea." Frontiers in Microbiology 7 (March 14, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00285.

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30

"Epulopiscium sp. type B is an uncultured Gram positive intestinal symbiont of extraordinary size (100-300 μm in length). Epulopiscium reproduces by production of internal offspring by a process related to endospore formation. Using fluorescent in situ hyb." Molecular Microbiology 107, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): i. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mmi.13778.

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31

Conrad, Arielle, and Andrew Piefer. "Using a yeast‐2‐hybrid system to map chemotactic protein‐protein interactions in Epulopiscium sp. type b (539.5)." FASEB Journal 28, S1 (April 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.539.5.

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32

Parata, Lara, Shaun Nielsen, Xing Xing, Torsten Thomas, Suhelen Egan, and Adriana Vergés. "Age, gut location and diet impact the gut microbiome of a tropical herbivorous surgeonfish." FEMS Microbiology Ecology, November 19, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiz179.

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Abstract Herbivorous fishes play important ecological roles in coral reefs by consuming algae that can otherwise outcompete corals, but we know little about the gut microbiota that facilitates this process. This study focussed on the gut microbiota of an ecologically important coral reef fish, the convict surgeonfish Acanthurus triostegus. We sought to understand how the microbiome of this species varies along its gastrointestinal tract and how it varies between juvenile and adult fish. Further, we examined if the bacteria associated with the diet consumed by juveniles contributes to the gut microbiota. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that bacterial communities associated with the midgut and hindgut regions were distinct between adults and juveniles, however, no significant differences were seen for gut wall samples. The microbiota associated with the epilithic algal food source was similar to that of the juvenile midgut and gut wall but differed from the microbiome of the hindgut. A core bacterial community including members of taxa Epulopiscium and Brevinemataceae was observed across all gastrointestinal and diet samples, suggesting that these bacterial symbionts can be acquired by juvenile convict surgeonfish horizontally via their diet and then are retained into adulthood.

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33

Grim, J. Norman, Donna Nemeth, and W. Linn Montgomery. "The occurrence of Epulopiscium-like Eubacteria in the intestines of surgeonfish from the US Virgin Islands, western Atlantic Ocean." Marine Biodiversity Records 6 (January 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755267213000559.

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