Relevant bibliographies by topics / "equal value for all"

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic '"equal value for all"'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Sanders, Lynn M. "ALL THINGS EQUAL?" Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 1, no. 1 (March 2004): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x04000116.

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Michael K. Brown, Martin Carnoy, Elliott Currie, Troy Duster, David B. Oppenheimer, Marjorie M. Shultz, and David Wellman, Whitewashing Race: The Myth of a Color-blind Society. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003, 349 pages, ISBN 0-520-23706-4, $27.50.Paul M. Sniderman and Thomas Piazza, Black Pride and Black Prejudice. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002, 192 pages, ISBN 0-691-09261-3, $24.95.These two texts represent a somewhat unlikely pairing. What could an empirically detailed but wide-ranging, really indignant indictment of new right-wing homilies about racial politics—that's Whitewashing Race—have in common with what inquiring minds want to know about Black Pride and Black Prejudice, a carefully stepping report of results mostly from a 1997 survey, posing and answering such questions as whether African Americans share the “larger culture's” values, succumb to conspiratorial thinking, or are anti-Semitic? At the level of pure geography trivia, it so happens that all of the authors involved in generating these new books have some claim to Northern California roots or associations. But beyond that, do they have anything in common?
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Glaser, Mark A., and Samuel J. Yeager. "ALL THINGS ARE NOT EQUAL: THE VALUE OF BUSINESS INCENTIVES." Policy Studies Journal 18, no. 3 (March 1990): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1990.tb00616.x.

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Dobrin, Carmen. "Industry 4.0, M2m, Iot&S – All Equal?" ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 64, no. 1 (November 1, 2014): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aucts-2014-0008.

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Abstract Similarity between Industry 4.0, M2M, IOT&S. Advantages and disadvantages obtained using this three important methods. Decreasing costs while components are getting smaller and smaller in a world with better networking. Influence of business management applications integrated in smart factory logistic. The most important impacts in merging virtual and real production world, with the improvement of best processes having the same goal: creating value by open innovation
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Browner, Warren S. "Are All Significant P Values Created Equal?" JAMA 257, no. 18 (May 8, 1987): 2459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1987.03390180077027.

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Fischer, Arnout R. H., and L. P. A. (Bea) Steenbekkers. "All insects are equal, but some insects are more equal than others." British Food Journal 120, no. 4 (April 3, 2018): 852–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-05-2017-0267.

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Purpose Lack of acceptance of insects as food is considered a barrier against societal adoption of the potentially valuable contribution of insects to human foods. An underlying barrier may be that insects are lumped together as one group, while consumers typically try specific insects. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ways in which Dutch consumers, with and without insect tasting experience, are more or less willing to eat different insects. Design/methodology/approach In a quasi-experimental study (n=140), the participants with and without prior experience in eating insects were asked to give their willingness to eat a range of insects, and their attitudes and disgust towards eating insects. Findings Insects promoted in the market were more preferred than the less marketed insects, and a subgroup of preferred insects for participants with experience in eating insects was formed. Research limitations/implications Although well-known insects were more preferred, general willingness to eat remained low for all participants. The results indicate that in future research on insects as food the specific insects used should be taken into account. Practical implications Continued promotion of specific, carefully targeted, insects may not lead to short-term uptake of insects as food, but may contribute to willingness to eat insects as human food in the long term. Originality/value The paper shows substantial differences between consumers who have and who have not previously tasted insects, with higher acceptance of people with experience in tasting insects for the specific insects that are frequently promoted beyond their generally more positive attitude towards eating insects.
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Messerli, Franz H., and Simbo M. Chiadika. "Stroke Prevention: Not all Antihypertensive Drugs are Created Equal." Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 6, no. 1_suppl (March 2005): S4—S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14703203050060010201.

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Reductions in blood pressure (BP) through intervention can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. However, a number of trials indicate that beta-blockers, despite lowering BP, do not reduce the risk of stroke. A recent meta-analysis suggested that, over and beyond BP reduction, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors appear superior to calcium channel blockers for prevention of coronary heart disease whereas calcium channel blockers appear superior to ACE inhibitors for prevention of stroke. Indeed, in the Syst-EUR study a 42% reduction in strokes was achieved in the calcium antagonist arm when compared to the placebo arm.It is hypothesised that antihypertensive agents that stimulate the AT2-receptor (thiazide diuretics, dihydropyridine calcium antagonists and angiotensin receptor blockers) are more cerebroprotective than drug classes that do not stimulate the AT2-receptor (beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors).The angiotensin receptor blockers are the only drug class that have a dual mechanism of action that could be helpful in preventing strokes in that they not only inhibit the AT1-receptor but also allow stimulation of the AT2-receptor. Not surprisingly therefore, in trials such as LIFE, VALUE and MOSES, angiotensin receptor blockers showed excellent cerebroprotection.
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Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo, Altair Seabra de Farias, Fernando Val, Alexandre Vilhena Silva Neto, André Sachett, Marcus Lacerda, Vanderson Sampaio, et al. "Providing Antivenom Treatment Access to All Brazilian Amazon Indigenous Areas: ‘Every Life has Equal Value’." Toxins 12, no. 12 (December 5, 2020): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12120772.

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Snakebites are more frequent in the Brazilian Amazon than in other parts of Brazil, representing a high cost for the health system since antivenoms are only available through medical prescription from central municipal hospitals in most cases. The need for a cold chain and physicians usually restricts access to the only effective treatment of a snakebite, the antivenom. The complex topography of the rivers contributes to delays in treatment, and consequently increases the risk of severe complications, chronic sequelae and death. Thus, decentralization of antivenom treatment to primary healthcare facilities in the interior would increase access by indigenous population groups to proper healthcare. To standardize and evaluate the decentralization to low complexity indigenous healthcare units, we suggest the (i) development and validation of standardized operational procedures, (ii) training of professionals in the validated protocol in a referral health unit, (iii) implementation of the protocol in an indigenous healthcare unit, (iv) assessment of perceptions towards and acceptability of the protocol, and (v) estimation of the impact of the protocol’s implementation. We expect that antivenom decentralization would shorten the time between diagnosis and treatment and, as such, improve the prognosis of snakebites. As health cosmology among indigenous populations has an important role in maintaining their way of life, the introduction of a new therapeutic strategy to their customs must take into account the beliefs of these peoples. Thus, antivenom administration would be inserted as a crucial therapeutic tool in a world of diverse social, natural and supernatural representations. The information presented here also serves as a basis to advocate for support and promotion of health policy initiatives focused on evidence-based care in snakebite management.
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van Imhoff, Gustaaf W., W. Graveland, B. Van der Holt, M. Van Glabbeke, L. F. Verdonck, P. Sonneveld, and J. C. Kluin-Nelemans. "All IPI Factors Are Equal, but LDH Is More Equal Than Others." Blood 106, no. 11 (November 16, 2005): 1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1913.1913.

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Abstract The International Prognostic Risk Index (IPI) offers the most important prognostic information in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Risk classification is based on presence or absence of age >60 yr, stage III or IV, more than one extranodal site, performance score 2–4, or elevated serum LDH above the upper limit of normal (ULN). Because each factor confers a more or less equal independent risk for treatment outcome, they are summed to generate a final IPI risk score (Shipp model). Dichotomization of the continuous variable age is practical, as treatment for patients >60 yr often differs from younger ones. However, as LDH also is a continuous variable we wondered if risk based on actual LDH, especially in patients with highly elevated levels, would have additional prognostic impact. IPI risk factors including actual serum LDH at diagnosis were retrieved from 1286 patients (28% >60 yr) with advanced aggressive NHL and treated with curative intent in 6 clinical trials conducted by HOVON (5 trials) and EORTC (1 trial). All LDH ULNs from the participating centers were verified. LDH levels were divided by the ULN of each center to generate normalized ratios. Six % of patients had LDH >5 times ULN, 8% 3–5 times, 11% 2–3 times, 34% 1–2 times, 20% 0.75–1 times and 20% had levels below 0.75 of ULN. In a multivariate Cox regression model similar independent hazard ratios (HR) ranging from 1.6 to 2.6 were found for the individual dichotomized risk factors according to the Shipp model except for the number of extranodal sites which turned out to be non-significant. This factor was with a HR of 1.4 also the least predictive factor in the Shipp model. In contrast to the dichotomized LDH variable (normal versus elevated), risk for inferior outcome increased linearly with actual LDH levels. Five year OS estimates were 71% for patients with LDH <0.75 x ULN; 53% for 0.75–1; 49% for 1–2; 37% for 2–3; 31% for 3–5; and 25% for LDH >5 x ULN. The HR for these groups were respectively 0.54, 1, 1.45, 2.46, 2.54 and 5.15. This analysis using actual LDH values gave a better discrimination as compared to the HR of 2.6 (95% CI 2.1–3.1) for the dichotomized LDH (i.e. normal versus elevated) in multivariate analysis. Interestingly, the 235 patients with very low LDH (<0.75 x ULN) had much better outcomes with a HR of 0.54 as compared with patients with an LDH-ratio between 0.75 and 1. In conclusion, highly elevated LDH levels in aggressive NHL confer a worse prognosis and suggest the application of a modified IPI risk index adding extra risk points for patients with highly elevated LDH levels.
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Redley, Marcus. "Full and equal equality." Tizard Learning Disability Review 23, no. 2 (April 3, 2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-11-2017-0044.

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Purpose This commentary takes the article, “Participation of adults with learning disabilities in the 2015 United Kingdom General Election”, as a jumping-off point for considering a tension between the aim of full and equal equality for all people with disabilities as set out in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and more traditional beliefs, that on occasion, it is necessary to deny legal autonomy of men and women with intellectual disabilities in order to protect them. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This issue is explored by reviewing the multiple and often conflicting ways in which disability and intellectual disability are conceptualised. Findings Given the multiple and contradictory ways in which both disability and intellectual disability are understood, any discussion of the rights of persons with disabilities is going to be highly problematic. Originality/value Equal recognition before the law and the presumption that all persons with intellectual disabilities can – with support – make autonomous decisions could be treated as an empirical question.
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Tang, Shijia. "Boris Groys’ Theory of Equal Rights in Aesthetics." International Journal of Culture and History 8, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijch.v8i1.18521.

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The concept of aesthetic equality was put forward by Groys, one of the important contemporary art theorists and critics, against the background of the decline of multiculturalism and the emergence of the drawbacks of postmodernism. This concept is mainly aimed at the overcorrection of postmodernism, which regards the confrontation with mainstream culture and traditional values as a problem of political correctness. It refers to the equality of aesthetic judgment and aesthetic choice. Aesthetic value judgment can not be evaluated according to the commercial value in the market circulation, nor can it be evaluated only according to the cultural value in the art history, let alone whether it conforms to or resists the mainstream culture, it should be judged according to its directivity to the infinite possibility of the absence of image and art. According to Groys, aesthetic equality is not only an expression of artistic autonomy, but also an expression of artistic power. Different from other theorists' discussion of artistic autonomy in the framework of self-discipline or heteronomy, he regards it as a force of resistance and liberation, the contemporary phenomenon of political aestheticization and the politicization of aesthetics all show the function of this power.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Ramsberg, Joakim. "Are all lives of equal value? : studies on the economics of risk regulation." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Centrum för Riskforskning (CFR), 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1766.

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Henriksson, Erika. "Förskollärares arbete med alla människors lika värde : En studie om förskollärares arbetssätt och bemötande." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-43609.

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The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge of how preschool teachers work with equal value. My questions has been about how preschool teachers do to show children every humans equal value and how they do to meet all children based of this idea. I have used individual qualitative interviews whit 4 preschool teachers as the method for this study. In my result I have found that the preschool teachers worked a lot with equal values. Some preschool teachers worked in different ways every day using different methods like valuational and themelike activities. Common for all the preschool teachers is that they all say that it is extremely important to use the everyday interactions with the children to make them learn the importance of and meaning of every humans equal rights. Previous research and literature shows that it is important to work as a role model for the children. This is something that the preschool teachers I interviewed talk about as well.
Syftet med detta arbete är att bidra med kunskap om hur förskollärare arbetar med allas lika värde. Mina frågeställningar har handlat om hur förskollärare gör för att visa på allas lika värde samt hur förskollärarna gör för att bemöta barnen utifrån denna tanke. Jag har använt mig av kvalitativa intervjuer med 4 förskollärare som metod för arbetet. I mitt resultat fann jag att förskollärarna arbetade mycket med allas lika värde, på några av avdelningarna dagligen med hjälp av bland annat värderings- och temainriktade aktiviteter. Gemensamt för mitt resultat är att förskollärarna på alla avdelningar betonar vikten av samspelet med barnen för att få ut kunskap om allas lika värde. Att vara en förebild är även något jag kan se förskollärarna jag intervjuat och tidigare forskning samt litteratur jag läst lägger stort fokus vid.
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Tolentino, Anna Lissa. "Are All Good Soldiers Created Equal? Examining The "Why" That Underlies Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Development of an OCB Motives Scale." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002859.

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Chiriac, Jenny. ""Hallsituationer kan vara stressiga med många barn på liten yta" : Förskollärares perspektiv på interaktioner vid utgång." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för didaktik och lärares praktik (DLP), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101601.

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Genom en skriftlig intervju med strukturerade och öppna frågor samlasförskollärares perspektiv på interaktioner i tamburen in. Tolkning av förskollärarnassvar visar att det, som är viktigt för att en bra interaktion ska ske mellan barn ochvuxen i en tambursituation, krävs tid för kommunikation genom en väl utveckladarbetsstrategi. Bidraget av denna studie kan användas som inspiration förreflektionsarbete för att förbättra för alla som har förskolan som sin arbetsmiljö,vuxen som barn.
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Bell, Jessica. "All Things Being Equal." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32958.

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Jessica Bell’s MFA thesis exhibition, All things being equal., presents the very idea of constructing a painting as a way of making sense of the world. Simple materials and formal devices make allusions to ordinary events and experiences. The works bear the marks of incidental studio occurrences, which conjure a conversation between the will of objects and the artist’s intention to activate them. Canvas and stretchers appear like characters, assuming the posture of active participants instead of subservient structure. The pieces engage with and resonate in one another, emphasizing the temporal relationship with the physical space. The forms are deliberately abstract and minimal, drawing our attention to subtle differences in the surfaces of material, gentle play with volume and light, and the quiet passage of time. All things being equal. was exhibited at the Ottawa Art Gallery’s Firestone Gallery in Ottawa from August 21 through September 13, 2015.
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Zanger, Maggy. "Not All Bulls Are Born Equal." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295689.

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Caldwell, Anita M. "Not All Fat Is Created Equal." Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295738.

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Borade, Shashibhushan Prataprao 1981. "When all information is not created equal." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45883.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-196).
Following Shannon's landmark paper, the classical theoretical framework for communication is based on a simplifying assumption that all information is equally important, thus aiming to provide a uniform protection to all information. However, this homogeneous view of information is not suitable for a variety of modern-day communication scenarios such as wireless and sensor networks, video transmission, interactive systems, and control applications. For example, an emergency alarm from a sensor network needs more protection than other transmitted information. Similarly, the coarse resolution of an image needs better protection than its finer details. For such heterogeneous information, if providing a uniformly high protection level to all parts of the information is infeasible, it is desirable to provide different protection levels based on the importance of those parts. The main objective of this thesis is to extend classical information theory to address this heterogeneous nature of information. Many theoretical tools needed for this are fundamentally different from the conventional homogeneous setting. One key issue is that bits are no more a sufficient measure of information. We develop a general framework for understanding the fundamental limits of transmitting such information, calculate such fundamental limits, and provide optimal architectures for achieving these limits. Our analysis shows that even without sacrificing the data-rate from channel capacity, some crucial parts of information can be protected with exponential reliability. This research would challenge the notion that a set of homogenous bits should necessarily be viewed as a universal interface to the physical layer; this potentially impacts the design of network architectures. This thesis also develops two novel approaches for simplifying such difficult problems in information theory. Our formulations are based on ideas from graphical models and Euclidean geometry and provide canonical examples for network information theory. They provide fresh insights into previously intractable problems as well as generalize previous related results.
by Shashibhushan Prataprao Borade.
Ph.D.
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Basson, Devon. "Equal pay for equal work and work of equal value : bridging the gender pay gab." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73163.

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Bridging the gender wage gap-South African history on women and the disadvantages suffered-South African legislation governing discrimination-international instruments governing equal pay between genders-international instruments on how to bridge the gender wage gap-consider international instruments in South Africa to bridge the gender wage gap
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Mercantile Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Grönkvist, Stefan. "All CO2 molecules are equal, but some CO2 molecules are more equal than others." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiprocesser, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-452.

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This thesis deals with some challenges related to the mitigation of climate change and the overall aim is to present and assess different possibilities for the mitigation of climate change by: • Suggesting some measures with a potential to abate net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, • Discussing ideas for how decision-makers could tackle some of the encountered obstacles linked to these measures, and • Pointing at some problems with the current Kyoto framework and suggesting modifications of it. The quantification of the net CO2 effect from a specific project, frequently referred to as emissions accounting, is an important tool to evaluate projects and strategies for mitigating climate change. This thesis discusses different emissions accounting methods. It is concluded that no single method ought to be used for generalisation purposes, as many factors may affect the real outcome for different projects. The estimated outcome is extremely dependent on the method chosen and, thus, the suggested approach is to apply a broader perspective than the use of a particular method for strategic decisions. The risk of losing the integrity of the Kyoto Protocol when over-simplified emissions accounting methods are applied for the quantification of emission credits that can be obtained by a country with binding emissions targets for projects executed in a country without binding emission targets is also discussed. Driving forces and obstacles with regard to energy-related co-operations between industries and district heating companies have been studied since they may potentially reduce net GHG emissions. The main conclusion is that favourable techno-economic circumstances are not sufficient for the implementation of a co-operation; other factors like people with the true ambition to co-operate are also necessary. How oxy-fuel combustion for CO2 capture and storage (CCS) purposes may be much more efficiently utilised together with some industrial processes than with power production processes is also discussed. As cost efficiency is relevant for the Kyoto framework, this thesis suggests that CCS performed on CO2 from biomass should be allowed to play on a level playing field with CCS from fossil sources, as the outcome for the atmosphere is independent of the origin of the CO2.
QC 20101015
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Books on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Ramsberg, Joakim. Are all lives of equal values?: Studies on the economics of risk regulation. Stockholm, Sweden: Stockholm School of Economics, Center for Risk Research, 1999.

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Services, Incomes Data. Equal pay - equal value. London: Incomes Data Services, 1988.

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New Brunswick Advisory Council on the Status of Women. Equal pay for work of equal value. Moncton, N.B: The Council, 1985.

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Marcotte, Marilee. Equal pay for work of equal value. Kingston, Ont., Canada: Industrial Relations Centre, Queen's University, 1987.

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Union, Fire Brigades. All different all equal. Kingston upon Thames: Fire Brigades Union, 1997.

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Union, Fire Brigades. All different all equal. Kingston upon Thames: Fire Brigades Union, 2000.

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Chelliah, Ramani. Best value and equal opportunities. London: LGIU, 1998.

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Rubery, Jill. The economics of equal value. Manchester: Equal Opportunities Commission, 1992.

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Board of Trade of Metropolitan Toronto. Submission on equal pay for work of equal value. Toronto: The Board, 1985.

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Ryerson Polytechnical Institute. Dept. of Economics. Equal Pay For Work of Equal Value: Issues and Policies. S.l: s.n, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Girol, Guillaume, Benjamin Farinier, and Sébastien Bardin. "Not All Bugs Are Created Equal, But Robust Reachability Can Tell the Difference." In Computer Aided Verification, 669–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81685-8_32.

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AbstractThis paper introduces a new property called robust reachability which refines the standard notion of reachability in order to take replicability into account. A bug is robustly reachable if a controlled input can make it so the bug is reached whatever the value of uncontrolled input. Robust reachability is better suited than standard reachability in many realistic situations related to security (e.g., criticality assessment or bug prioritization) or software engineering (e.g., replicable test suites and flakiness). We propose a formal treatment of the concept, and we revisit existing symbolic bug finding methods through this new lens. Remarkably, robust reachability allows differentiating bounded model checking from symbolic execution while they have the same deductive power in the standard case. Finally, we propose the first symbolic verifier dedicated to robust reachability: we use it for criticality assessment of 4 existing vulnerabilities, and compare it with standard symbolic execution.
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Gibson, Anthony M., Tyler J. Ryan, Gene M. Alarcon, Sarah A. Jessup, Izz Aldin Hamdan, and August Capiola. "Are All Perfect Automation Schemas Equal? Testing Differential Item Functioning in Programmers Versus the General Public." In Human-Computer Interaction. Human Values and Quality of Life, 436–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49065-2_31.

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Stauber, Barbara, and Andreas Walther. "All different, all equal?" In Junge Erwachsene in Europa, 201–33. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10455-1_11.

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Yamim, Amanda Pruski, Walter Meucci Nique, and Adilson Borges. "Are We All Equal in the Face of Social Comparison? The Moderating Role of Consumer Values: A Structured Abstract." In Celebrating America’s Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?, 881–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26647-3_191.

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Di Leo, Jeffrey R. "All Publishers Are Equal." In Catastrophe and Higher Education, 83–105. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62479-8_4.

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Verger, Antoni, and Xavier Bonal. "“All Things Being Equal?”." In The World Bank and Education, 125–42. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-903-9_9.

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Prentice, Andrew M. "Are all calories equal?" In Weight Control, 8–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0583-5_2.

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Singer, Peter. "All Animals Are Equal." In Ideals and Ideologies, 453–63. Eleventh Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | “Tenth edition, published by Routledge, 2017”—T.p. verso.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429286827-73.

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"All equal, all different." In The Economics of Values-Based Organisations, 92–106. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315780801-12.

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Bozaykut-Buk, Tuba, and Serra Titiz. "Creating Equal Opportunities through Social Entrepreneurship." In Creating Social Value Through Social Entrepreneurship, 213–27. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4727-4.ch012.

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Giving priority to creating value for sustainable development rather than accepting the dominance of the profit-centered perspective has been gaining more momentum. Within this changing perspective, social entrepreneurs are the most notable group, whose innovative initiatives create valuable contributions by becoming pioneer forces required for economic and social development. Further, their efforts in showing the significance of social value creation result in a new business model, “social business.” Although the social business shares some common features with the traditional business, the social business differentiates itself by acting as a social change actor accompanied by a socially sensitive mission, a hybrid flexible design, innovative ways of finding/using resources for creating new solutions to needs. Thereby, this study aims to understand the features of social business models together with their contribution to social inclusion and creating equal opportunities for all in terms of a developing country context.
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Conference papers on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Bouch, Anna, and M. A. Sasse. "Not all bits have equal value: investigating users' network QoS requirements." In ITCom 2001: International Symposium on the Convergence of IT and Communications, edited by Robert D. van der Mei and Frank Huebner-Szabo de Bucs. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.434334.

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Li, Yanping, and David A. Weir. "Intelligent Valve Placement Enhancements Incorporate Value Assessment and Broaden Protection to Consequence Areas." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90176.

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In previous International Pipeline Conference papers, Weir et al. (IPC 2006) and Weir, Li (IPC 2008) described an approach for determining the location of new remote controlled sectionalizing valves on an existing liquid pipeline system and for new pipeline development that considers a) valve placement to protect major water crossings (defined as 100 feet wide or greater), b) the volume out reduction potential of valve placement to areas of high consequence, and c) a set volume out threshold. High consequence areas include high and other populated areas, drinking water, environmentally sensitive areas, and commercially navigable waterways as defined by 49 CFR 195.450. These papers describe the use of an effectiveness calculation and effectiveness curve that is used to determine a valve location based on a calculated effectiveness score being above a set predetermined threshold. Effectiveness is a measure of the volume out reduction achieved to one or more high consequence areas by the placement of a remote controlled sectionalizing valve. All other conditions being equal, the effectiveness score is higher for sections of pipeline contained within or having the ability to affect many high consequence areas versus sections of pipe with limited or no potential to affect such areas. As a result, the effectiveness scoring method does not work well for those pipe sections with the potential to impact small but significant high consequence areas or non-major water crossings (i.e. width less than 100 ft) or that do not impact a high consequence area. Recent incidents and a heightened public awareness about pipelines and measures that are required to alleviate concerns of environmental impacts in the event of a pipeline rupture have necessitated a reevaluation and refinement of the Intelligent Valve Placement approach. This paper outlines enhancements that Enbridge Pipelines has made to its Intelligent Valve Placement approach. These enhancements include a) set valve spacing for high vapor pressure (HVP) pipelines, b) a new definition of major water crossing, c) tighter volume out thresholds, and d) application of a value assessment applied to the placement of valves for pipeline sections in areas that may or may not contain high consequence areas.
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Rogdakis, E., P. Bitsikas, and G. Dogkas. "Three-Dimensional CFD Simulation of Prime Mover Stirling Engine." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70155.

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A three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD simulation is conducted on a Stirling engine. The temperature in the engine spaces and the temperature profile along the regenerator are graphically presented, along with the density and the gas flow patterns in selected parts of the engine. The maximum value of pressure drop is slightly more than 6% of the mean engine pressure at the same instance. The maximum loss due to pressure drop is equal to 5 kW. In addition, the CFD results are compared to those coming from a one-dimensional model. The comparison includes data regarding the pressure of the gas during the engine cycle, the gas mass flow-rate in all the engine spaces, the respective points of flow reversal and the gas pressure drop. Finally, the net work output and efficiency of the engine are calculated. The net work output of the engine is equal to 6.7 kW and the engine’s efficiency is equal to 51%. The possible sources of further losses are discussed.
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Perdikaris, Paris G., Lambros Kaiktsis, and George S. Triantafyllou. "Computational Study of Flow Structure and Forces on a Cylinder Vibrating Transversely and In-Line to a Steady Stream: Effects of Sub-Harmonic Forcing." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-78010.

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In this work, we present a computational study of the flow structure and forces on a cylinder vibrating both transversely and in-line to a uniform stream. The in-line frequency is equal to twice the transverse frequency, while the ratio of the in-line to the transverse oscillation amplitude varies from zero (transverse vibration only) to infinity (in-line oscillation only). For all intermediate values, the cylinder thus follows an “eight”-like of trajectory, emulating the motion of real cylindrical structures undergoing vortex-induced vibrations. For a flow from left to right, we distinguish between a “counter-clockwise” mode (if the upper part of the trajectory is traversed counter-clockwise) and a “clockwise” mode (if the upper part of the trajectory is traversed clockwise). Here, we use a spectral element method, and perform simulations for a Reynolds number of 400. We focus on a value of the transverse oscillation frequency equal to half the natural frequency of the Ka´rma´n vortex street (sub-harmonic excitation). Results are compared against cases corresponding to resonant forcing, previously studied by the research team. In all cases, the flow properties are greatly influenced by the direction in which the cylinder is traversed. In particular, the “counter-clockwise” mode is characterized by higher values of the forces acting on the cylinder, as well as by higher values of the power transfer from the flow to the cylinder. The case of sub-harmonic excitation is unique, in that the power transfer remains negative for all values of the non-dimensional excitation amplitude, i.e. corresponds to damping. Flow visualization reveals a variety of vortex patterns in the wake, in particular regular patterns at sub-harmonic excitation, and complex vortex streets at high amplitude resonant forcing.
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Ehrich, Fredric F. "Component Minimum Life Estimation Based on Life Testing Suspended Prior to Failure." In ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0163.

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Abstract One possible approach to life extension of aerospace components is to take those parts or subsystems that have run the limited initial life estimate and been removed from service, and to operate them in simulated service for periods of time beyond the initial life estimate. It is often the case that such testing must be suspended before the part reaches the point of actual failure. A need therefore exists to use such suspended test data to infer a life limit. The standard deviation of the estimated life can generally be reliably quantified by applying results from laboratory material tests and information on the variability of the unit’s dimensions. The derived life estimate must therefore be consistent with the known standard deviation. The problem is structured as a variational one, that is, a problem of finding the values of a set of variables — the hypothetical duration of the individual suspended tests if they had been continued to failure — subject to the constraints that the period of continuation must be equal to or greater that zero, and that the standard deviation of the average value of the life of the sample set be equal to the known, predetermined value. The problem is made determinate by applying the conservative requirement that calculated average life of the sample set be the lowest possible value. Although the problem is nonlinear and not amenable to traditional linear programming solution, a very simple pair of algorithms have been identified which permit exact solution for all ranges of objective standard deviation. Solutions to typical problems are given to illustrate the utility of the procedure.
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Wadier, Yves, and M. Bonnamy. "The Energy Approach of EPFM Applied to the Analysis of a WPS Experiment on a Cracked Cylinder." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71296.

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This document presents the energy approach of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics applied to the analysis of a “warm pre-stress” test on a cylinder made of a 17MoV84mod. steel, artificially degraded by special heat treatment to simulate an irradiated end of life RPV material and submitted to a mechanical loading close to a thermal shock transient. This test has been conducted at the MPA of Stuttgart in the context of the European project SMILE. The influence of the hardening representation (isotropic, kinematics, etc.) as well as the choice of the toughness values of the material are analysed. The numerical analysis was performed at EDF-R&D with the Code-Aster, the finite element code of EDF. First of all, we have identified the critical value Gpc of the Gp parameter at the temperature of failure (T = 35°C). Then we have applied the energy approach and compared the results obtained to experimental one’s. Concerning the global values, the agreement between the results of calculation and the experimental results is good if we consider the values of temperature or COD as well as the values of KJ. Concerning the local values, we have observed a rapid decreasing of the opening stress at the notch tip and a significant influence of the hardening on the Von Mises stress. The curves giving the fracture probability as function of KJ are quite relevant to estimate the predictive capacity of the approach used, as well as the importance of the choice of hardening. We have pointed out a 15% variation of KJ depending on this choice. Using tests on CT specimens at room temperature in order to identify the critical value Gpc of the Gp parameter, the value of 77.7 MPa.m1/2 is obtained for KJ if we consider the kinematics case, at 95% of fracture probability. This value is the highest and the nearest to the experimental value equal to 90 MPa.m1/2. It is not a proof that the hardening is completely kinematics but it leads to the question of a more complete identification of the material to know what is the isotropic part and the kinematics part in the hardening. Besides, because the difference between the result obtained with the energy approach and the experimental result is equal to 14% we can conclude to a satisfactory predictive capacity of this approach. The “warm pre-stress” effect, associated with a significant increase of the cleavage fracture toughness at low temperature after a pre-loading at a higher temperature, is clearly predicted by using the energy approach. The comparison between the results obtained with the different approaches used (energy approach, Beremin model, etc.) will be made in another paper. This work is performed in the context of the SMILE European Project.
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Yuen, C. H. N., R. F. Martinez-Botas, and J. H. Whitelaw. "Film Cooling Effectiveness Downstream of Compound and Fan-Shaped Holes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0131.

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The steady-state wide band liquid crystal technique is used to study the film cooling performance downstream of a variety of geometries in a flat plate. This technique provides a detailed measurement of both cooling effectiveness and heat transfer coefficient. This paper presents the effects of compound and fan–shaped holes, the effect of streamwise angle variation has been presented at previous meetings. The following configurations are investigated: a single hole, a row of holes with a pitch-to-diameter ratio, p/D, of 3, two inline rows with p/D of 3 and two staggered rows with p/D of 6; all with a stream–wise angle of 30°. The spacing between two rows was chosen as 12.4D. Two lateral injection are investigated: 30° and 60° compound angle. The fan shaped hole used comprised of a lateral expansion of 14° from the original simple cylindrical shape with streamwise inclination of 30°; forward expansion was not incorporated. The length-to-diameter ratio, L/D, was maintained at a value of 4 for all the compound cases, the L/D for the fan shaped-hole was 6, larger due to its physical limitation. The tests were performed with a jet-to-freestream density ratio of 1.5; achieved by using a foreign gas (CO2) injection. The range of momentum flux ratios (M) covered was 0.33 to 1.67. The row of 30° compound angle holes gave a lower value of effectiveness when compared to the non-compound case at M<0.67, but greater values and coverage at M>1.0, consistent with previous experiments. The row of 60° compound angle gave greater effectiveness, coverage and uniformity than the row of 30° compound at a given blowing ratio; the jet-to-jet interaction was greater for the 60° row due to the added lateral momentum. The row of 60° compound gave an increase of order 100% relative to the non-compounded row for M>1. Two inline rows of fan-shape holes delivered less effectiveness than the corresponding single row at the same spanwise distance for a given jet fluid mass, or blowing ratio with twice the jet fluid mass. For equal blowing ratios and equal flow rates the fan-shaped hole gave a much higher effectiveness.
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Portman, Vladimir. "Stiffness Evaluation of Machines and Robots: Minimum Collinear Stiffness Value Approach." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59249.

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New stiffness performance indices using the collinear stiffness value (CSV) associated with a given configuration in a working space of the machine are proposed. The CSV and its partial cases — a translational stiffness value (TSV), a rotational stiffness value (RSV), and a screw stiffness value (SSV) — have a simple and direct physical interpretation: the CSV is non-negative in singular configuration and positive in regular configurations. As a result, the minimal values of the CSV can be successfully applied to stiffness-related evaluations for all (i.e., both singular and regular) configurations. Similar to a determinant, the minimal CSV equals zero if and only if its associated configuration is singular. In regular configurations, the minimal CSV is applied to evaluation of local stiffness for a given configuration and global stiffness in the working space, wherein the established stiffness limitations are satisfied. Procedures for evaluation of the minimal CSV are developed. As an example, the absolute CSV of the Gough-Stewart platform and its relative stiffness in comparison with serial-type mechanisms are simulated. The proposed approach can be used as an effective design tool for evaluation and limitation of stiffness of machines and robots.
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EL-Bagory, Tarek M. A. A., Maher Y. A. Younan, Hossam E. M. Sallam, and Lotfi A. Abdel-Latif. "Effect of Load Angle on Limit Load of Polyethylene Miter Pipe Bends." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25491.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect crack depth a/W = 0 to 0.4 and load angle (30°,45°,and 60°) on the limit load of miter pipe bends (MPB) under out-of-plane bending moment with a crosshead speed 500 mm/min. The geometry of cracked and uncracked multi miter pipe bends are: bend angle, α = 90°, pipe bend factor, h = 0.844, standard dimension ratio, SDR = 11, and three junctions, m = 3. The material of the investigated pipe is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is applied in natural gas piping systems. Butt-fusion welding is used to produce the welds in the miter pipe bends. An artificial crack is produced by a special cracking device. The crack is located at the crown side of the miter pipe bend, such that the crack is collinear with the direction of the applied load. The crack depth ratio, a/W = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 for out-of-plane bending moment “i.e. loading angle φ = 0°”. For each out-of-plane bending moment and all closing and opening load angles the limit load is obtained by the tangent intersection method (TI) from the load deflection curves produced by the specially designed and constructed testing machine at the laboratory. For each out-of-plane bending moment case, the experimental results reveals that increasing crack depth leads to a decrease in the stiffness and limit load of MPB. In case of combined load (out-of-plane and in-plane opening; mode) higher load angles lead to an increase in the limit load. The highest limit load value appears at a loading angle equal, φ = 60°. In case of combined load (out-of-plane and in-plane closing; mode) the limit load decreases upon increasing the load angle. On the other hand, higher limit load values take place at a specific loading angle equal φ = 30°. For combined load opening case; higher values of limit load are obtained. Contrarily, lower values are obtained in the closing case.
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Le, A. P., and J. S. Kapat. "Effect of Rib Width on the Heat Transfer Enhancement of a Rib-Turbulated Internal Cooling Channel." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11830.

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In the quest for enhancing heat-transfer for the internal cooling channels of advanced turbo-machines, many schemes have been used and developed over the years. One such scheme is the use of rib turbulators. There have been fundamental studies in the past to understand the heat transfer enhancement phenomena caused by flow separation due to the presence of ribs. Typical ribs investigated in laboratory type experiments are square in nature i.e. the height, e, of the rib and the width, w, is the same. Although the literature deals with the effects of various rib shapes, little is known about the effect of having e/w not equal to unity. In this paper we investigate the degree of heat transfer enhancement caused by ribs with e/w not equal to unity. Experiments are carried out in a straight duct with ribs oriented normal to the main flow. The P/e ratio, P being the pitch of the ribs, is kept at a constant value of 10 while the ratio w/P is varied systematically from 0.1 to 0.5. Results are reported for Reynolds numbers ranging from 20,000 to 40,000. The aspect ratio of the channel is varied from 1:4 to 1:8 (Height : Width) and their effect is also shown. For all the cases investigated, pressure drop penalty is also presented.
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Reports on the topic ""equal value for all""

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Mayordomo, Sergio, Juan Ignacio Peña, and Eduardo Schwartz. Are all Credit Default Swap Databases Equal? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16590.

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Hoxby, Caroline. All School Finance Equalizations Are Not Created Equal. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6792.

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Behnke, Arthur R. All FAC(A)s Are Not Created Equal. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada503218.

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Cockburn, Iain, Samuel Kortum, and Scott Stern. Are All Patent Examiners Equal? The Impact of Examiner Characteristics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8980.

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Hale, Elaine, Jenny Heeter, and Jessica Lau. Maximizing Distributed Energy Resource Value for All Stakeholders. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1665869.

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Mitchell, Charles W. All Terrorists are Not Equal - The Drug War in Colombia After September 11th. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404959.

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Brown, Jeffrey, and Jiekun Huang. All the President’s Friends: Political Access and Firm Value. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23356.

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Maydykovskiy, Igor, and Petras Užpelkis. The Physical Essence of Time. Intellectual Archive, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2450.

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The article considers the model of the space-frequency-time continuum, according to which the physical essence of Time is manifested as a fraction of electromagnetic energy spent on updating a material object in a cyclic process of copying-incarnation. For all structural levels of physical reality, the value of this fraction is a fundamental constant, which can be represented as the tangent of the loss angle, or expressed in radians, as the angle of inclination of the evolutionary spiral, which characterizes the rate of change of states or the duration of events and processes. The value of this constant can be calculated, and its value turns out to be identically equals to the square of the fine structure Constant (α2). The description of the method for identifying a new constant allows us to present the formula of Scientific Discovery as the Physical Essence of Time.
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Geruso, Michael, Timothy Layton, and Jacob Wallace. Are All Managed Care Plans Created Equal? Evidence from Random Plan Assignment in Medicaid. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27762.

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Garthwaite, Craig, John Graves, Tal Gross, Zeynal Karaca, Victoria Marone, and Matthew Notowidigdo. All Medicaid Expansions Are Not Created Equal: The Geography and Targeting of the Affordable Care Act. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26289.

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