Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Équations d'Hamilton Jacobi'
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Rouy, Elisabeth. "Approximation numérique des solutions de viscosité des équations d'Hamilton-Jacobi et exemple." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090010.
Full textCosteseque, Guillaume. "Contribution à l'étude du trafic routier sur réseaux à l'aide des équations d'Hamilton-Jacobi." Thesis, Paris Est, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PEST1081/document.
Full textThis work focuses on modeling and simulation of traffic flows on a network. Modeling road traffic on a homogeneous section takes its roots in the middle of XXth century and it has generated a substantial literature since then. However, taking into account discontinuities of the network such as junctions, has attracted the attention of the scientific circle more recently. However, these discontinuities are the major sources of traffic congestion, recurring or not, that basically degrades the level of service of road infrastructure. This work therefore aims to provide a unique perspective on this issue, while focusing on scale problems and more precisely on microscopic-macroscopic passage in existing models. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the relationship between microscopic car-following models and macroscopic continuous flow models. The asymptotic passage is based on a homogenization technique for Hamilton-Jacobi equations. In a second part, we focus on the modeling and simulation of vehicular traffic flow through a junction. The considered macroscopic model is built on Hamilton-Jacobi equations as well. Finally, the third part focuses on finding analytical or semi-analytical solutions, through representation formulas aiming to solve Hamilton-Jacobi equations under adequate assumptions. In this thesis, we are also interested in a generic class of second order macroscopic traffic flow models, the so-called GSOM models
Hocquellet, Thierry. "Une technique eulerienne de maillage adaptatif controlé par des équations d'Hamilton Jacobi : application à la propagation d'ondes de détonation en milieu océanique." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10631.
Full textLeblanc, Matthieu. "Sur-réplication et volatilité incertaine : options européennes, américaines et passeports." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077105.
Full textBasco, Vincenzo. "Infinite Horizon Control Problems under State Constraints and Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS025.
Full textIn this thesis we address infinite horizon control problems subject to state constraints. Partial and full sensitivity relations are obtained for nonautonomous optimal control problems in this setting, assuming the associated value function to be locally Lipschitz in the state. We also discuss sufficient conditions for the Lipschitz regularity of the value function. We focus on problems with cost functionals admitting a discount factor and allow time dependent dynamics and Lagrangians. Furthermore, state constraints may be unbounded and may have a nonsmooth boundary. Lipschitz regularity is recov- ered as a consequence of estimates on the distance of a given trajectory from the set of all its viable (feasible) trajectories, provided the discount rate is sufficiently large. We investigate as well the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions of nonautonomous Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations on the domain (0, ∞) × A. The Hamiltonian is assumed to be merely measurable in time and the set A is closed. When state constraints arise, the classical analysis of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation lacks an appropriate notion of solution because continuous solutions may not exist. In this work, we propose a notion of weak solution for which, under a suitable controllability assumption, existence and uniqueness theorems are valid in the class of lower semicontinuous functions vanishing at infinity. Finally, we study an autonomous Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, with Dirichlet boundary conditions, on a compact subset. We give semiconcavity results on its (unique) solution and sensitivity relations in terms of differential inclusions, extending a known result for the point-to-point sub-Riemannian distance when the Hörmander condition holds true
Sedrakyan, Hayk. "Comportement limite des systèmes singuliers et les limites de fonctions valeur en contrôle optimal." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066681/document.
Full textThis thesis consists of two main parts. In the first part, Chapter 3 is devoted to the investigation of the limit behavior of a singularly perturbed control system with two state variables which are weakly coupled. In order to prove our approximation result we use the so called averaging method and a recent result on nonexpansive control. The main novelty of our averaging approach lies in the fact that the limit dynamic may depend on the initial condition of the fast system. In the literature, the investigation of the limit behavior of such systems has been usually addressed under conditions that ensure that the limit dynamic is independent from the initial condition of the fast system. In Chapter 4, we generalise the results of Chapter 3 by considering a more general nonexpansivity condition. Moreover, we consider an example where the new nonexpansity condition is satisfied but the nonexpansivity condition of Chapter 3 does not hold true. The second part deals with Hamilton-Jacobi equations under state constraints. Chapter 5 focuses on the stable representation of convex Hamiltonians by functions describing a Bolza optimal control problem. In Chapter 6 we investigate stability of solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations under state constraints by studying stability of value functions of a suitable family of Bolza optimal control problems under state constraints. We show that under suitable assumptions, the value function is a unique viscosity solution to Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation and that solutions are stable with respect to Hamiltonians and state constraints
Scarinci, Teresa. "Sensitivity Relations and Regularity of Solutions of HJB Equations arising in Optimal Control." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066573.
Full textThis dissertation investigates a class of Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations arising in optimal control of O.D.E.. We mainly focus on the sensitivity analysis of the optimal value function associated with the underlying control problems. In the literature, sensitivity relations provide a measure of the robustness of optimal control strategies with respect to variations of the state variable. This is a central tool in applied control, since it allows to study the effects that approximations of the inputs of the system may produce on the optimal policies. In this thesis, we deal whit problems in the Mayer or in the minimum time form. We assume that the dynamic is described by a differential inclusion, in order to allow data to be nonsmooth and to embrace a large area of concrete applications. Nevertheless, this task makes our analysis more challenging. Our main contribution is twofold. We first extend some classical results on sensitivity analysis to the field of nonparameterized problems. These relations take the form of inclusions of the co-state, featuring in the Pontryagin maximum principle, into suitable gradients of the value function evaluated along optimal trajectories. Furthermore, we develop new second-order sensitivity relations involving suitable second order approximations of the optimal value function. Besides being of intrinsic interest, this analysis leads to new consequences regarding the propagation of both pointwise and local regularity of the optimal value functions along optimal trajectories. As applications, we also provide refined necessary optimality conditions for some class of differential inclusions
Rondepierre, Aude. "Algorithmes hybrides pour le contrôle optimal des systèmes non linéaires." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00112203.
Full textBandini, Elena. "Représentation probabiliste d'équations HJB pour le contrôle optimal de processus à sauts, EDSR (équations différentielles stochastiques rétrogrades) et calcul stochastique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLY005/document.
Full textIn the present document we treat three different topics related to stochastic optimal control and stochastic calculus, pivoting on thenotion of backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) driven by a random measure.After a general introduction, the three first chapters of the thesis deal with optimal control for different classes of non-diffusiveMarkov processes, in finite or infinite horizon. In each case, the value function, which is the unique solution to anintegro-differential Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation, is probabilistically represented as the unique solution of asuitable BSDE. In the first chapter we control a class of semi-Markov processes on finite horizon; the second chapter isdevoted to the optimal control of pure jump Markov processes, while in the third chapter we consider the case of controlled piecewisedeterministic Markov processes (PDMPs) on infinite horizon. In the second and third chapters the HJB equations associatedto the optimal control problems are fully nonlinear. Those situations arise when the laws of the controlled processes arenot absolutely continuous with respect to the law of a given, uncontrolled, process. Since the corresponding HJB equationsare fully nonlinear, they cannot be represented by classical BSDEs. In these cases we have obtained nonlinear Feynman-Kacrepresentation formulae by generalizing the control randomization method introduced in Kharroubi and Pham (2015)for classical diffusions. This approach allows us to relate the value function with a BSDE driven by a random measure,whose solution hasa sign constraint on one of its components.Moreover, the value function of the original non-dominated control problem turns out to coincide withthe value function of an auxiliary dominated control problem, expressed in terms of equivalent changes of probability measures.In the fourth chapter we study a backward stochastic differential equation on finite horizon driven by an integer-valued randommeasure $mu$ on $R_+times E$, where $E$ is a Lusin space, with compensator $nu(dt,dx)=dA_t,phi_t(dx)$. The generator of thisequation satisfies a uniform Lipschitz condition with respect to the unknown processes.In the literature, well-posedness results for BSDEs in this general setting have only been established when$A$ is continuous or deterministic. We provide an existence and uniqueness theorem for the general case, i.e.when $A$ is a right-continuous nondecreasing predictable process. Those results are relevant, for example,in the frameworkof control problems related to PDMPs. Indeed, when $mu$ is the jump measure of a PDMP on a bounded domain, then $A$ is predictable and discontinuous.Finally, in the two last chapters of the thesis we deal with stochastic calculus for general discontinuous processes.In the fifth chapter we systematically develop stochastic calculus via regularization in the case of jump processes,and we carry on the investigations of the so-called weak Dirichlet processes in the discontinuous case.Such a process $X$ is the sum of a local martingale and an adapted process $A$ such that $[N,A] = 0$, for any continuouslocal martingale $N$.Given a function $u:[0,T] times R rightarrow R$, which is of class $C^{0,1}$ (or sometimes less), we provide a chain rule typeexpansion for $u(t,X_t)$, which constitutes a generalization of It^o's lemma being valid when $u$ is of class $C^{1,2}$.This calculus is applied in the sixth chapter to the theory of BSDEs driven by random measures.In several situations, when the underlying forward process $X$ is a special semimartingale, or, even more generally,a special weak Dirichlet process,we identify the solutions $(Y,Z,U)$ of the considered BSDEs via the process $X$ and the solution $u$ to an associatedintegro PDE
Laurent-Brouty, Nicolas. "Modélisation du trafic sur des réseaux routiers urbains à l’aide des lois de conservation hyperboliques." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4056.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the modeling of traffic flow using hyperbolic conservation laws, with a specific focus on urban applications. Urban areas are today facing severe episodes of air pollution and increasing congestion due to traffic. The objective is to overcome some of the current limitations of macroscopic traffic flow models in urban situations. We first study the seminal Aw-Rascle-Zhang model with relaxation. We prove well-posedness of the model using wave-front tracking approximations and splitting technique in a Lagrangian setting. Besides, we provide an estimate on the decay of positive waves. We then show that the solutions of the Aw-Rascle-Zhang system with relaxation converge to a weak solution of the LWR model when the relaxation parameter goes to zero. Finally, we propose a discussion on the entropy aspect of this weak solution of the LWR model. We then propose a new macroscopic traffic flow model accounting for the boundedness of traffic acceleration, which is required for physical realism. Our model is built on the coupling between the scalar conservation law accounting for the conservation of vehicles and a number of ordinary differential equations describing the trajectories of accelerating vehicles, which we treat as moving constraints. We detail a wave-front tracking algorithm to construct approximate solutions of the model, with general flux functions and show existence of solutions to the Cauchy problem for a piecewise constant initial datum. Finally, we provide numerical simulations of the model in different urban situations, from a single Riemann problem to sequences of traffic lights, and confront the results to numerical simulations of the LWR model. Finally, we introduce a new macroscopic traffic flow model with buffers on road networks. This model features buffers of finite size, enabling backward propagation of congestion on the network, and time-dependent routing functions at the junctions. The dynamics are first defined on the level of conservation laws, and then transformed in an Hamilton-Jacobi formulation. We prove existence, uniqueness and stability of the solutions with respect to the routing ratios and initial datum using a fixed-point problem in a proper Banach space. Thanks to stability, the model provides a controllable framework, using routing ratios as control parameters. This represents an advance towards solving the Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) problem. In the end we detail how this framework applies to a classical road network with several intersections and finite-length links
Wahbi, Wassim. "Contrôle stochastique sur les réseaux." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED072.
Full textThis thesis consists of three parts which deal with quasi linear parabolic PDE on a junction, stochastic diffusion on a junction and stochastic control on a junction with control at the junction point. We begin in the first Chapter by introducing and studying a new class of non degenerate quasi linear parabolic PDE on a junction, satisfying a Neumann (or Kirchoff) non linear and non dynamical condition at the junction point. We prove the existence and the uniqueness of a classical solution. The main motivation of studying this new mathematical object is the analysis of stochastic control problems with control at the junction point, and the characterization of the value function of the problem in terms of Hamilton Jacobi Bellman equations. For this end, in the second Chapter we give a proof of the existence of a diffusion on a junction. The process is characterized by its local time at the junction point, whose quadratic approximation is centrally related to the ellipticty assumption of the second order terms around the junction point.We then provide an It's formula for this process. Thanks to the previous results, in the last Chapter we study a problem of stochastic control on a junction, with control at the junction point. The set of controls is the set of the probability measures (admissible rules) satisfying a martingale problem. We prove the compactness of the admissible rules and the dynamic programming principle
Le, Guyader Carole. "Imagerie Mathématique: segmentation sous contraintes géométriques ~ Théorie et Applications." Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009036.
Full textPour pallier ces difficultés, nous proposons ici des modèles de segmentation intégrant des contraintes géométriques et satisfaisant les critères classiques de détection avec en particulier la régularité sur le contour que cela implique.
Le, Guyader Carole. "Imagerie mathématique : segmentation sous contraintes géométriques : théorie et applications." Phd thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAM0016.
Full textBianchi, Granato Giovanni. "Optimal power Management of Hybrid Vehicles." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/78/81/60/PDF/_GRANATO_print_.pdf.
Full textThe purpose of the this work is to apply optimal control techniques to enhance the performance of the power management of hybrid vehicles. More precisely, the techniques concerned are viscosity solutions of Hamilton-Jacobi equations, level set methods in reachability analysis, stochastic dynamic programming, stochastic dual dynamic programming and chance constrained optimal control. This document starts by presenting the necessary technical background and models for the study of optimal power management of hybrid vehicles. The synthesis of efficient power management strategies for hybrid vehicles accounting for uncertainty in the vehicle speed is studied next. This is done via a stochastic dynamic algorithm, at a first time, and then by a stochastic dual dynamic programming algorithm. In addition, we introduce a chance constrained optimal control problem that can be used to synthesize more flexible optimal control strategies. We detail a dynamic programming principle in a form that can be readily used for the numerical synthesis of optimal feedback using a dynamic programming algorithm. Later, theoretical results regarding the reachability analysis of hybrid systems are obtained. The reachability set of a continuous-time hybrid system is characterized by a value function via a level set approach. Furthermore, we show that the value function of a hybrid optimal control problem is the unique solution of a system of quasi-variational inequalities in the viscosity sense. Then, we prove the convergence of a class of numerical schemes for the computation of the value function. As a further step in the reachability analysis, we study of the discrete-time dynamical system and the discrete-time optimal control problem for the reachability analysis of hybrid systems. Here, the focus is on a discrete-time modeling of the hybrid system, which leads to dynamic programming principle, which can be used to characterize the value function. Lastly, we describe the construction of a stochastic model of the speed profile for electric vehicles
Granato, Giovanni. "Optimisation de Lois de Gestion Énergétiques des Véhicules Hybrides." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00788160.
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