Relevant bibliographies by topics / Equatorial East Africa

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Academic literature on the topic 'Equatorial East Africa'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Equatorial East Africa"

1

Hastenrath, Stefan. "Diagnosing the decaying glaciers of equatorial East Africa." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 15, no. 3 (2006): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0106.

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2

Okello, Ochieng, Guirong Tan, Victor Ongoma, and Isaiah Nyandega. "Influence of convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin waves on March-May precipitation over East Africa." Geographica Pannonica 25, no. 1 (2021): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gp25-31132.

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Convectively coupled equatorial Kelvin waves (CCEKWs) are those types of equatorially trapped disturbances that propagate eastward and are among the most common intra-seasonal oscillations in the tropics. There exists two-way feedback between the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and these equatorially trapped disturbances. Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) was utilized as a proxy for deep convection. For CCEKWs, the modes are located over the West Atlantic, equatorial West Africa, and the Indian Ocean. The influence of other circulations and climate dynamics is studied for finding other drivers of climate within East Africa. The results show a positive relationship between Indian and Atlantic Oceans Sea Surface Temperatures and March-May rainfall over equatorial East Africa over the period of 1980 to 2010. This influence is driven by the Walker circulation and anomalous moisture influx enhanced by winds. Composite analysis reveals strong lower-tropospheric westerlies during the active phase of the CCKWs activities over Equatorial East Africa. The winds are in the opposite direction with the upper-tropospheric winds, which are easterlies. Singular Value Decomposition shows a strong coupling interaction between rainfall over equatorial East Africa and CCKWs. This study concludes that Kelvin waves are not the main factors that influence rainfall during the rainy season. Previous studies show that the main influencing factors are ITCZ, El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and tropical anticyclones that borders the African continent. However, CCKWs are a significant factor during the dry seasons.
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3

Mahaney, William C., and Stefan Hastenrath. "The Glaciers of Equatorial East Africa." Arctic and Alpine Research 17, no. 2 (1985): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1550856.

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4

Grove, J. M., and Stefan Hastenrath. "The Glaciers of Equatorial East Africa." Geographical Journal 152, no. 1 (1986): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632951.

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5

Hastenrath, Stefan, Dierk Polzin, and Charles Mutai. "Diagnosing the 2005 Drought in Equatorial East Africa." Journal of Climate 20, no. 18 (2007): 4628–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4238.1.

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Abstract Equatorial East Africa suffered severe drought during its 2005 “short rains,” centered on October–November. The circulation mechanisms of such precipitation anomalies are examined, using long-term upper-air and surface datasets, and based on diagnostic findings from earlier empirical investigations. The steep eastward pressure gradient is conducive to fast westerlies over the central-equatorial Indian Ocean, surface manifestation of a powerful zonal circulation cell with subsidence over East Africa, and ascending motion over Indonesia. With fast westerlies, rainfall in East Africa is deficient and they tend to be accompanied by anomalously cold waters in the northwestern and warm anomalies in the southeastern extremity of the equatorial Indian Ocean Basin, without any seesaw between these domains. In October–November 2005, pressure in the west was anomalously high, entailing a steep eastward pressure gradient along the equator, conducive to fast westerlies and, further symptomatic of the zonal circulation cell, subsidence in the west and ascending motion in the east were enhanced. Overall, the chain of causalities can be traced to anomalously high pressure in the west.
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6

Abiriga, Faustine, Emirant B. Amabayo, Edward Jurua, and Pierre J. Cilliers. "Statistical characterization of equatorial plasma bubbles over East Africa." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 200 (April 2020): 105197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2020.105197.

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7

Bolaji, Olawale, Oluwafisayo Owolabi, Elijah Falayi, et al. "Observations of equatorial ionization anomaly over Africa and Middle East during a year of deep minimum." Annales Geophysicae 35, no. 1 (2017): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-35-123-2017.

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Abstract. In this work, we investigated the veracity of an ion continuity equation in controlling equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) morphology using total electron content (TEC) of 22 GPS receivers and three ground-based magnetometers (Magnetic Data Acquisition System, MAGDAS) over Africa and the Middle East (Africa–Middle East) during the quietest periods. Apart from further confirmation of the roles of equatorial electrojet (EEJ) and integrated equatorial electrojet (IEEJ) in determining hemispheric extent of EIA crest over higher latitudes, we found some additional roles played by thermospheric meridional neutral wind. Interestingly, the simultaneous observations of EIA crests in both hemispheres of Africa–Middle East showed different morphology compared to that reported over Asia. We also observed interesting latitudinal twin EIA crests domiciled at the low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Our results further showed that weak EEJ strength associated with counter electrojet (CEJ) during sunrise hours could also trigger twin EIA crests over higher latitudes.
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8

Ummenhofer, Caroline C., Alexander Sen Gupta, Matthew H. England, and Chris J. C. Reason. "Contributions of Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperatures to Enhanced East African Rainfall." Journal of Climate 22, no. 4 (2009): 993–1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2493.1.

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Abstract Links between extreme wet conditions over East Africa and Indian Ocean sea surface temperatures (SST) are investigated during the core of the so-called short rain season in October–November. During periods of enhanced East African rainfall, Indian Ocean SST anomalies reminiscent of a tropical Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) event are observed. Ensemble simulations with an atmospheric general circulation model are used to understand the relative effect of local and large-scale Indian Ocean SST anomalies on above-average East African precipitation. The importance of the various tropical and subtropical IOD SST poles, both individually and in combination, is quantified. In the simulations, enhanced East African “short rains” are predominantly driven by the local warm SST anomalies in the western equatorial Indian Ocean, while the eastern cold pole of the tropical IOD is of lesser importance. The changed East African rainfall distribution can be explained by a reorganization of the atmospheric circulation induced by the SST anomalies. A reduction in sea level pressure over the western half of the Indian Ocean and converging wind anomalies over East Africa lead to moisture convergence and increased convective activity over the region. The pattern of large-scale circulation changes over the tropical Indian Ocean and adjacent landmasses is consistent with an anomalous strengthening of the Walker cell. The seasonal cycle of various indices related to the SST and the atmospheric circulation in the equatorial Indian Ocean are examined to assess their potential usefulness for seasonal forecasting.
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9

Seba, Ephrem Beshir, Melessew Nigussie, and Mark B. Moldwin. "The relationship between equatorial ionization anomaly and nighttime equatorial spread F in East Africa." Advances in Space Research 62, no. 7 (2018): 1737–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2018.06.029.

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10

Pestriakov, Aleksandr P., Olga M. Grigorieva та Yulia V. Pelenitsyna. "Краниологический аспект генезиса населения тропической транссахарской Африки". Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology) 51, № 3 (2020): 261–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2020-51-3/261-279.

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This article continues a study of cranial growth on the example of the population of tropical Trans-Saharan Africa. The cranial samples of Gabon, basin of the Congo River (the Western part), and East African farmers and Capoids – Bushmen and Hottentots (the Eastern part) were analyzed. Male and female cranial samples were studied separately. Crania of some samples clustered according to the type of growth processes in the crania. Comparative analysis showed that the cranial samples (and clusters inside them) from the West of the studied region, as a whole, differ significantly from those from the East in the shape of the skull. This is clearly seen in the male sample, but less obvious in the female one. The overall size of the cranium in the West is significantly more variable than in the East. This is because of a Pygmy admixture in the population of equatorial rainforest, which are associated with a small size of the cranium. There is no such difference between East African farmers and the craniologically similar Capoids (Bushmen and Hottentots). This leads to two main conclusions. First, the population of the Western (humid) part of Equatorial Africa formed as a mixture of larger-headed agricultural groups with Pygmies, who had smaller crania. Second, the agricultural population of the Eastern (more arid) part of the studied territory is almost identical in craniological terms to the Capoids (Bushmen and Hottentots) of South Africa, while differs significantly from the pastoralist population of this territory.
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