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Journal articles on the topic 'Equilibrium Principle'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

ARAMENDIA, MIGUEL, and QUAN WEN. "FORWARD-LOOKING PRINCIPLE IN REPEATED GAMES." International Game Theory Review 16, no. 04 (2014): 1450011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021919891450011x.

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In repeated games, equilibria requiring threats of punishment may be implausible if punishing a deviator hurts all the others. When all the punishers suffer from carrying out a punishment in the continuation, it would be in their best interest to forgive the deviation. Taking this line of reasoning into consideration, we introduce the forward-looking principle for subgame perfect equilibrium such that there must be, at least, one punisher who benefits in the continuation by carrying out the punishment. We show that this principle generally reduces payoffs that may arise from equilibrium. We ch

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2

Bi, Junna, Danping Li, and Nan Zhang. "Equilibrium reinsurance-investment strategy with a common shock under two kinds of premium principles." RAIRO - Operations Research 56, no. 1 (2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ro/2021183.

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This paper investigates the optimal mean-variance reinsurance-investment problem for an insurer with a common shock dependence under two kinds of popular premium principles: the variance premium principle and the expected value premium principle. We formulate the optimization problem within a game theoretic framework and derive the closed-form expressions of the equilibrium reinsurance-investment strategy and equilibrium value function under the two different premium principles by solving the extended Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman system of equations. We find that under the variance premium principl

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3

Farmer, Roger E. A., Daniel F. Waggoner, and Tao Zha. "Generalizing the Taylor Principle: Comment." American Economic Review 100, no. 1 (2010): 608–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.1.608.

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Troy Davig and Eric Leeper (2007) have proposed a condition they call the generalized Taylor principle to rule out indeterminate equilibria in a version of the new-Keynesian model where the parameters of the policy rule follow a Markov-switching process. We show that although their condition rules out a subset of indeterminate equilibria, it does not establish uniqueness of the fundamental equilibrium. We discuss the differences between indeterminate fundamental equilibria included by Davig and Leeper's condition and fundamental equilibria that their condition misses

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4

Trivedi, Nripesh. "Equilibrium." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM) 11, no. 09 (2023): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i09.p01.

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Fire is the only source of heat and light energy. It is often wondered what is the principle governing the movement of energy. This paper describes that. The principle governing movement of energy (or heat energy) is thermal equilibrium [1]. This is the condition governing movement of energy. Examples of thermal equilibrium could be found in atmosphere and man-made objects [1].

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5

Tian, Tongfei. "Analysis of the Principle and Application of Nash Equilibrium." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 107 (August 15, 2024): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/gjeef119.

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The Nash equilibrium stands as a fundamental concept in the realm of game theory. And this theorem offering a predictive framework for the outcomes of strategic interactions among rational entities. Introduced by John Nash in 1950, this concept has become an indispensable tool across multiple disciplines, including economics, political science, and biology, where decision-making is mutually dependent. At its core, Nash equilibrium is achieved when no participant can gain by solely changing their strategy, assuming others and maintain theirs. This study explores the principle of Nash equilibriu

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Yano, Jun-Ichi, and Robert S. Plant. "Generalized convective quasi-equilibrium principle." Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans 73 (March 2016): 10–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2015.11.001.

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7

Suherman, Sofita, Fatmawati Fatmawati, and Cicik Alfiniyah. "Analisis Kestabilan dan Kontrol Optimal Model Matematika Penyebaran Penyakit Ebola dengan Penanganan Medis." Contemporary Mathematics and Applications (ConMathA) 1, no. 1 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/conmatha.v1i1.14772.

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Ebola disease is one of an infectious disease caused by a virus. Ebola disease can be transmitted through direct contact with Ebola’s patient, infected medical equipment, and contact with the deceased individual. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stability of equilibriums and to apply the optimal control of treatment on the mathematical model of the spread of Ebola with medical treatment. Model without control has two equilibria, namely non-endemic equilibrium (E0) and endemic equilibrium (E1) The existence of endemic equilibrium and local stability depends on the basic reproduction

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8

Ronen, Tavy, and Varda (Lewinstein) Yaari. "On the Tension between Full Revelation and Earnings Management: A Reconsiderastion of the Revelation Principle." Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 17, no. 4 (2002): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x0201700401.

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We challenge the popular view that because of the revelation principle, the research on earnings management must be restricted only to situations in which a truth-telling, fully revealing equilibrium/i> does not exist. After presenting and discussing the revelation principle, we state conditions under which truth-telling equilibria may be dominated by equilibria wherein the message (such as earnings) is managed. The optimal message in an undominated equilibrium may involve either partial suppression of information (omission of some data) or aggregation (summarization of data).

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9

Wati, Destiya, Suyudi Arif, and Abrista Devi. "Analisis Penerapan Prinsip-Prinsip Etika Bisnis Islam Dalam Transaksi Jual Beli Online di Humaira Shop." El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam 3, no. 1 (2021): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v3i1.654.

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This study aims to analyze whether Humaira Shop has applied the principles of Islamic business etchis in online buying and selling transactions and how to apply the principles of Islamic business ethics in online buying and selling transactions at Humaira Shop. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews and documentation. The primary data in this research are the owners of the Humaira Shop and consumers who buy Muslim clothing products at the Humaira Shop. The results of the study stated that Humaira Shop had fully implemented the

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10

Djukic, Djordje. "Generalized Lagrange-D’Alembert principle." Publications de l'Institut Math?matique (Belgrade) 91, no. 105 (2012): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pim1205049d.

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The major issues in the analysis of the motion of a constrained dynamic system are to determine this motion and calculate constraint forces. In the analytical mechanics, only the first of the two problems is analyzed. Here, the problem is solved simultaneously using: 1) Principle of liberation of constraints; 2) Principle of generalized virtual displacement; 3) Idea of ideal constraints; 4) Concept of generalized and ?supplementary" generalized coordinates. The Lagrange-D?Alembert principle of virtual work is generalized introducing virtual displacement as vectorial sum of the classical virtua

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11

Zhang, Xiaomin, Rui Xu, and Chenwei Song. "Stability and Hopf Bifurcation of a Delayed Viral Infection Dynamics Model with Immune Impairment." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 31, no. 08 (2021): 2150141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127421501418.

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In this paper, we consider a viral infection dynamics model with immune impairment and time delay in immune expansion. By calculation, it is shown that the model has three equilibria: infection-free equilibrium, immunity-inactivated infection equilibrium, and immunity-activated infection equilibrium. By analyzing the distributions of roots of corresponding characteristic equations, the local stability of the infection-free equilibrium and the immunity-inactivated infection equilibrium is established. Furthermore, we discuss the existence of Hopf bifurcation at the immunity-activated infection

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12

Ávila-Vales, Eric, Abraham Canul-Pech, and Erika Rivero-Esquivel. "Global stability of a distributed delayed viral model with general incidence rate." Open Mathematics 16, no. 1 (2018): 1374–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2018-0117.

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AbstractIn this paper, we discussed a infinitely distributed delayed viral infection model with nonlinear immune response and general incidence rate. We proved the existence and uniqueness of the equilibria. By using the Lyapunov functional and LaSalle invariance principle, we obtained the conditions of global stabilities of the infection-free equilibrium, the immune-exhausted equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. Numerical simulations are given to verify the analytical results.

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13

Dossymov, Ye, and А. Tuymebekova. "AXIOMATIC PRINCIPLES AND DETAILED BALANCE." Q A Iasaýı atyndaǵy Halyqaralyq qazaq-túrіk ýnıversıtetіnіń habarlary (fızıka matematıka ınformatıka serııasy) 24, no. 1 (2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2023-1/2524-0080.06.

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This article presents an analysis of scientific papers and research on axiomatic principles and detailed balance, we are convinced that even today, in accordance with modern requirements, there is still a need to address axiomatic principles and detailed balance, methods and methods for their study. As mentioned earlier, the axiomatics of statistical physics is reduced to the principle of equal probability of the existence of an equilibrium closed physical system in all microstates accessible to it. This postulate, in turn, suggests that the time-averaged probability of the direct and reverse

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14

Alfuraidan, Monther, and Mohamed Khamsi. "Graphical Ekeland’s principle for equilibrium problems." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, Series B 9, no. 4 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/bproc/117.

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In this paper, we give a graphical version of the Ekeland’s variational principle (EVP) for equilibrium problems on weighted graphs. This version generalizes and includes other equilibrium types of EVP such as optimization, saddle point, fixed point and variational inequality ones. We also weaken the conditions on the class of bifunctions for which the variational principle holds by replacing the strong triangle inequality property by a below approximation of the bifunctions.

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15

Bianchi, M., G. Kassay, and R. Pini. "Ekeland’s principle for vector equilibrium problems." Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications 66, no. 7 (2007): 1454–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2006.02.003.

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16

Noor, M. A. "Auxiliary Principle Technique for Equilibrium Problems." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 122, no. 2 (2004): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jota.0000042526.24671.b2.

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17

Takeda, Kunihiko, Hatsuki Onitsuka, Heiichiro Obanawa, Fumiaki Kawakami, and Mitsunaga Sasaki. "The Equilibrium Principle of Displacement Chromatography." Separation Science and Technology 23, no. 14-15 (1988): 2329–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496398808058457.

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18

Campati, Antonio. "Elite and Liberal Democracy: A New Equilibrium?" Topoi 41, no. 1 (2021): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11245-021-09762-1.

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AbstractIn contemporary democracies, the balance between the minority principle and democratic principles, one of the components underlying the relationship between liberalism and democracy, is being broken. This paper offers a reflection on this theme – crucial for the future of representative government – in relation to the importance of the theory of elites. The article is divided into three parts: the first part briefly traces the main phases of the theory of elites from the late nineteenth century to the present, indicating, for each, the salient features; the second part focuses on the e

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19

Salahshour, Mohammad. "Evolution as a result of resource flow in ecosystems: Ecological dynamics can drive evolution." PLOS ONE 18, no. 10 (2023): e0286922. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286922.

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To see how the flow of energy across ecosystems can derive evolution, I introduce a framework in which individuals interact with their peers and environment to accumulate resources, and use the resources to pay for their metabolic costs, grow and reproduce. I show that two conservation principles determine the system’s equilibrium state: conservation of resources- a physical principle stating that in the equilibrium, resource production and consumption should balance, and payoff equality- an economic principle, stating that the payoffs of different types in equilibrium should equal. Besides th

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20

He, Shengxue, and Bingquan Fan. "Generalized Wardrop Principle and Its Application in Regional Transportation." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2085, no. 1 (2008): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2085-06.

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Regional transportation can be regarded as a complex system consisting of many subsystems. If it is assumed that the decisions of others are known, one of the subsystems, such as a manufacturer, will make decisions from the viewpoint of individual optimal. But among these subsystems, there are noncooperative interactions. The first Wardrop principle can be used to explain the interplay between the subsystems and the second Wardrop principle to explain the internal decision making of one subsystem. To capture the feature of hierarchical behavior, classical Wardrop principles need to be generali

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21

Khantuleva, Tatiana A., and Dmitry S. Shalymov. "Modelling non-equilibrium thermodynamic systems from the speed-gradient principle." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2088 (2017): 20160220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0220.

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The application of the speed-gradient (SG) principle to the non-equilibrium distribution systems far away from thermodynamic equilibrium is investigated. The options for applying the SG principle to describe the non-equilibrium transport processes in real-world environments are discussed. Investigation of a non-equilibrium system's evolution at different scale levels via the SG principle allows for a fresh look at the thermodynamics problems associated with the behaviour of the system entropy. Generalized dynamic equations for finite and infinite number of constraints are proposed. It is shown

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22

Lisa, Hendro, and Yuslizar. "IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP ETIKA BISNIS ISLAM DALAM TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE SHOP." JURNAL RISET INDRAGIRI 3, no. 2 (2024): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.61069/juri.v3i2.98.

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This study aims to analyze whether Online Shop has applied the principles of Islamic business etchis in online buying and selling transactions and how to apply the principles of Islamic business ethics in online buying and selling transactions. This research method is qualitative that uses the field of literature review. Data collection is done by collecting the source of articles in the form of journals and previous proceedings that are relevant. The results of the study stated that Online Shop had fully implemented the principles of Islamic business etchis in buying and selling, with the pri

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23

Lu, Jinna, Xiaoguang Zhang, and Rui Xu. "Global stability and Hopf bifurcation of an eco-epidemiological model with time delay." International Journal of Biomathematics 12, no. 06 (2019): 1950062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524519500621.

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In this paper, an eco-epidemiological model with time delay representing the gestation period of the predator is investigated. In the model, it is assumed that the predator population suffers a transmissible disease and the infected predators may recover from the disease and become susceptible again. By analyzing corresponding characteristic equations, the local stability of each of feasible equilibria and the existence of Hopf bifurcations at the disease-free and coexistence equilibria are established, respectively. By means of Lyapunov functionals and LaSalle’s invariance principle, sufficie

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24

Stojanovic, Bozo. "Dinamicke igre ulaska na trziste." Ekonomski anali 50, no. 165 (2005): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0565121s.

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Market processes can be analyzed by means of dynamic games. In a number of dynamic games multiple Nash equilibria appear. These equilibria often involve no credible threats the implementation of which is not in the interests of the players making them. The concept of sub game perfect equilibrium rules out these situations by stating that a reasonable solution to a game cannot involve players believing and acting upon noncredible threats or promises. A simple way of finding the sub game perfect Nash equilibrium of a dynamic game is by using the principle of backward induction. To explain how th

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25

Paleni, Didier. "Personality New Equilibrium Theory." International Journal of Psychiatry 9, no. 4 (2024): 01–08. https://doi.org/10.33140/ijp.09.04.04.

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An invariable principle of definition is applied to the study of personality. The balance between its fundamental components, namely the affect, the intellect and the physique, characterizes man in his individuality and his intra-family and social relations. The data of neuropsychology, concerning the role of memories, and those of contemporary psychology allow to reconsider this balance, the mechanisms of imbalances as well as psychic disorders related to attempts at correction. If the role and functioning of the sensitivities, during the emanations of this personality, join the Freudian mode

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26

Minardi, E. "Entropy of Vlasov equilibria and Hamilton's principle." Journal of Plasma Physics 50, no. 3 (1993): 505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002237780001730x.

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The following property is shown of the entropy functional constructed in previous work and associated with a Vlasov electrostatic or magnetostatic collective equilibrium (a static solution of the Vlasov equation): the vanishing of the first variation of the functional is equivalent to Hamilton's principle applied to a Lagrangian describing motion of the underlying system of particles compatible with the collective equilibrium, provided that the variations are associated with reversible processes. This property is shown in two cases: (i) a system of particles in Coulomb interaction admitting a

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27

Anh, Pham Ngoc, and Qamrul Hasan Ansari. "Auxiliary Principle Technique for Hierarchical Equilibrium Problems." Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications 188, no. 3 (2021): 882–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10957-021-01814-1.

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28

Curilef, S., A. R. Plastino, R. S. Wedemann, and A. Daffertshofer. "Landauer's principle and non-equilibrium statistical ensembles." Physics Letters A 372, no. 14 (2008): 2341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2007.11.055.

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29

Castellani, Marco, and Massimiliano Giuli. "Ekeland’s principle for cyclically antimonotone equilibrium problems." Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications 32 (December 2016): 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2016.04.011.

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30

Kazmi, K. R. "A variational principle for vector equilibrium problems." Proceedings Mathematical Sciences 111, no. 4 (2001): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02829618.

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31

Giuli, Massimiliano. "Cyclically monotone equilibrium problems and Ekeland’s principle." Decisions in Economics and Finance 40, no. 1-2 (2017): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10203-017-0188-6.

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32

Parola, Alberto, Stefano Buzzaccaro, Eleonora Secchi, and Roberto Piazza. "Sedimentation equilibrium and the generalized Archimedes' principle." Journal of Chemical Physics 138, no. 11 (2013): 114907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4795427.

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33

Wang, Lili, and Rui Xu. "Global Dynamics of a Predator-Prey Model with Stage Structure and Delayed Predator Response." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/724325.

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A Holling type II predator-prey model with time delay and stage structure for the predator is investigated. By analyzing the corresponding characteristic equations, the local stability of each of feasible equilibria of the system is discussed. The existence of Hopf bifurcations at the coexistence equilibrium is established. By means of the persistence theory on infinite dimensional systems, it is proven that the system is permanent if the coexistence equilibrium exists. By using Lyapunov functionals and LaSalle’s invariance principle, it is shown that the predator-extinction equilibrium is glo

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34

Tian, Xiaohong, and Rui Xu. "Global dynamics of a predator-prey system with Holling type II functional response." Nonlinear Analysis: Modelling and Control 16, no. 2 (2011): 242–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/na.16.2.14109.

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In this paper, a predator-prey system with Holling type II functional response and stage structure is investigated. By analyzing the corresponding characteristic equations, the local stability of each of feasible equilibria of the system is studied. The existence of the orbitally asymptotically stable periodic solution is established. By using suitable Lyapunov functions and the LaSalle invariance principle, it is proven that the predator-extinction equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when the coexistence equilibrium is not feasible, and sufficient conditions are derived for the glob

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35

Egorov, Dmitry G. "About some problems of trends’ classification in modern economic theory." Economics of Contemporary Russia 28, no. 1 (2025): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2025-28(1)-20-33.

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The ideas of the impossibility of a universal economic theory are criticized: based on the principle of the unity of the world. If the world is united, then particular theories describing some of its fragments (aspects) should, in principle, be reducible to a general theory. Many critics of universal theories themselves are their bearers, and statements in the style of «the flow of data makes the scientific method obsolete» are nothing more than a methodological regression to naive empiricism, in the spirit of positivism of the late 19th century. It is shown that works classifications are foun

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36

Lv, Ying, Zhixing Hu, and Fucheng Liao. "The stability and Hopf bifurcation for an HIV model with saturated infection rate and double delays." International Journal of Biomathematics 11, no. 03 (2018): 1850040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524518500407.

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An HIV infection model with saturated infection rate and double delays is investigated. First, the existence of the infection-free equilibrium [Formula: see text], the immune-exhausted equilibrium [Formula: see text] and the infected equilibrium [Formula: see text] with immunity in different conditions is shown. By analyzing the characteristic equation, we study the locally asymptotical stability of the trivial equilibrium, and the existence of Hopf bifurcations when two delays are used as the bifurcation parameter. Furthermore, we apply the Nyquist criterion to estimate the length of delay fo

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37

Nangue, Alexis, Abdou Ousman, and Idrissou Mohamadou. "STABILITY OF A DELAYED HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION MODEL: EFFECT OF SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL RESPONSE AND ABSORPTION." Journal of Mathematical Sciences: Advances and Applications 69, no. 1 (2021): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18642/jmsaa_7100122228.

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This work proposes and investigates a delayed cell population model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We use the Hattaf-Yousfi incidence function to describe viral infection. The model takes into account a specific functional response and the usually neglected absorption effect. Moreover, we introduce a time delay to account for the transformation processes necessary for actual HBV production. We naturally find a threshold parameter, namely, the basic reproduction number which ultimately determines the stability of the equilibria of the model obtained under other conditions. We determine t

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STOCKBRIDGE, RICHARD H., and ZIYU ZHENG. "THE PEDESTRIAN PRINCIPLE FOR DIFFERENTIAL GAMES." International Game Theory Review 08, no. 04 (2006): 715–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198906001211.

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A dynamic normal formulation for differential games is introduced and the "pedestrian principle" is discussed as a means of dynamically implementing the equilibrium strategy in a single game. Our formulation emphasizes the distinction between a player's rational prediction and the actual evolution of the game dynamics. To model the free will of players, a randomized strategy is introduced which serves as the justification of mixed strategies and the bridge from a static analysis to a dynamic one. Existence of Nash equilibrium in the class of mixed strategies is proved for non-cooperative deter

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Bai, Yanfei, Zhongbao Zhou, Rui Gao, and Helu Xiao. "Nash Equilibrium Investment-Reinsurance Strategies for an Insurer and a Reinsurer with Intertemporal Restrictions and Common Interests." Mathematics 8, no. 1 (2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8010139.

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This paper investigates the generalized multi-period mean-variance investment-reinsurance optimization model in a discrete-time framework for a general insurance company that contains a reinsurer and an insurer. The intertemporal restrictions and the common interests of the reinsurer and the insurer are considered. The common goal of the reinsurer and the insurer is to maximize the expectation of the weighted sum of their wealth processes and minimize the corresponding variance. Based on the game method, we obtain the Nash equilibrium investment-reinsurance strategies for the above-proposed mo

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40

LIU, LUJU, and XINCHUN GAO. "QUALITATIVE STUDY FOR A MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT TB MODEL WITH EXOGENOUS REINFECTION AND RELAPSE." International Journal of Biomathematics 05, no. 04 (2012): 1250031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524511001763.

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One tuberculosis transmission model is formulated by incorporating exogenous reinfection, relapse, and two treatment stages of infectious TB cases. The global stability of the unique disease-free equilibrium is obtained by applying the comparison principle if the effective reproduction number for the full model is less than unity. The existence and stability of the boundary equilibria are given by introducing the invasion reproduction numbers. Furthermore, the existence and local stability of the endemic equilibrium are addressed under some conditions.

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41

Chiarelli, Piero. "Far from Equilibrium Maximal Principle Leading to Matter Self-Organization." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 5, no. 3 (2009): 753–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v5i3.2664.

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In this work an extremal principle driving the far from equilibrium evolution of a system of structureless particles is derived by using the stochastic quantum hydrodynamic analogy. For a classical phase (i.e., the quantum correlations decay on a distance smaller than the mean inter-molecular distance) the far from equilibrium kinetic equation can be cast in the form of a Fokker-Plank equation whose phase space velocity vector maximizes the dissipation of the energy-type function, named here, stochastic free energy.Near equilibrium the maximum stochastic free energy dissipation (SFED) is shown

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42

CHAIPUNYA, PARIN, NANTAPORN CHUENSUPANTHARAT, and PRINTAPORN SANGUANSUTTIGUL. "Graphical Ekeland's variational principle with a generalized $w$-distance and a new approach to quasi-equilibrium problems." Carpathian Journal of Mathematics 39, no. 1 (2022): 95–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/cjm.2023.01.06.

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In this paper, we introduce the generalized Ekeland's variational principle in several forms. The general setting of our results includes a graphical metric structure and also employs a generalized $w$-distance. We then applied the proposed variational principles to obtain existence theorems for a class of quasi-equilibrium problems whose constraint maps are induced from the graphical structure. The conditions used in our existence results are based on a very general concept called a convergence class. Finally, we deduce the existence of a generalized Nash equilibrium via its quasi-equilibrium

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Megananda, Erzalina Ayu Satya, Cicik Alfiniyah, and Miswanto Miswanto. "Analisis kestabilan dan kontrol optimal model matematika penyebaran penyakit Ebola dengan variabel kontrol berupa karantina." Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) 2, no. 1 (2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34312/jjbm.v2i1.10258.

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Ebola disease is an infectious disease caused by a virus from the genus Ebolavirus and the family Filoviridae. Ebola disease is one of the most deadly diseases for human. The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the stability of the equilibrium point and to apply the optimal control of quarantine on a mathematical model of the spread of ebola. Model without control has two equilibria, non-endemic equilibrium and endemic equilibrium. The existence of endemic equilibrium and local stability depends on the basic reproduction number (R0). The non-endemic equilibrium is asymptotically stable if R0 1

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Sun, Caixia, Lele Li, and Jianwen Jia. "Hopf bifurcation of an HIV-1 virus model with two delays and logistic growth." Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena 15 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mmnp/2019038.

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The paper establish and investigate an HIV-1 virus model with logistic growth, which also has intracellular delay and humoral immunity delay. The local stability of feasible equilibria are established by analyzing the characteristic equations. The globally stability of infection-free equilibrium and immunity-inactivated equilibrium are studied using the Lyapunov functional and LaSalles invariance principle. Besides, we prove that Hopf bifurcation will occur when the humoral immune delay pass through the critical value. And the stability of the positive equilibrium and Hopf bifurcations are inv

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Feng, Yuqiang, Juntao Xie, and Bo Wu. "A New Equilibrium Version of Ekeland’s Variational Principle and Its Applications." Axioms 11, no. 2 (2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms11020068.

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In this note, a new equilibrium version of Ekeland’s variational principle is presented. It is a modification and promotion of previous results. Subsequently, the principle is applied to discuss the equilibrium points for binary functions and the fixed points for nonlinear mappings.

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Pambudi, Adiluhung Setya, Fatmawati Fatmawati, and Windarto Windarto. "Analisis Kontrol Optimal Model Matematikan Penyebaran Penyakit Mosaic pada Tanaman Jarak Pagar." Contemporary Mathematics and Applications (ConMathA) 1, no. 2 (2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/conmatha.v1i2.17386.

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Mosaic disease is an infectious disease that attacks Jatropha curcas caused by Begomoviruses. Mosaic disease can be transmitted through the bite of a whitefly as a vector. In this paper, we studied a mathematical model of mosaic disease spreading of Jatropha curcas with awareness effect. We also studied the effect of prevention and extermination strategies as optimal control variables. Based on the results of the model analysis, we found two equilibriums namely the mosaic-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium. The stability of equilibriums and the existence of endemic equilibrium depend

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Schulz, Karl, Aleh Tsyvinski, and Nicolas Werquin. "Generalized compensation principle." Theoretical Economics 18, no. 4 (2023): 1665–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te3971.

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Economic disruptions generally create winners and losers. The compensation problem consists of designing a reform of the existing income tax system that offsets the welfare losses of the latter by redistributing the gains of the former. We derive a formula for the compensating tax reform and its impact on the government budget when only distortionary tax instruments are available and wages are determined endogenously in general equilibrium. We apply this result to the compensation of robotization in the United States.

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Bertini, L., A. De Sole, D. Gabrielli, G. Jona-Lasinio, and C. Landim. "Minimum Dissipation Principle in Stationary Non-Equilibrium States." Journal of Statistical Physics 116, no. 1-4 (2004): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:joss.0000037220.57358.94.

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Esposito, M., and C. Van den Broeck. "Second law and Landauer principle far from equilibrium." EPL (Europhysics Letters) 95, no. 4 (2011): 40004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/95/40004.

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GONG, Xunhua. "Ekeland's principle for set-valued vector equilibrium problems." Acta Mathematica Scientia 34, no. 4 (2014): 1179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0252-9602(14)60078-3.

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