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Journal articles on the topic 'ER 820'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Chen, Lingen, Junxing Lin, Jun Luo, Fengrui Sun, and Chih Wu. "Friction effect on the characteristic performance of Diesel engines." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 11 (2002): 965–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.820.

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2

Kuz, Olena, Yurii Prots, and Leonid Vasylechko. "Phase and Crystal Structure Behaviour of Bi_1-xR_xFeO₃ (R = Er, Tm, Yb)." Solid State Phenomena 200 (April 2013): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.200.100.

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The title compounds were prepared by sintering of the stoichiometric amounts of the oxides of the constituent elements at 820 °C in air. X-ray powder diffraction examinations revealed that the polar R3c phase in the Bi1-xRxFeO3 systems with R = Er, Tm and Yb do not exceed 7, 4 and 3 mol.% of rare earth, respectively. Partial substitution of the Bi sites by Er and Tm in BiFeO3 reduces the temperature of the ferroelectric phase transition R3c–Pbnm on 30–60 K.

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3

Cheang, Maggie Chon U., Miguel Martin, Torsten O. Nielsen, Aleix Prat, Alvaro Rodriguez-Lescure, Amparo Ruiz, Stephen K. L. Chia, et al. "Quantitative hormone receptors, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and molecular subtypes: A collaborative effort of the BIG-NCI NABCG." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.1008.

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1008 Background: Most TNBC trials focusing on biology of the basal-like subtype (BLBC) allow borderline (1-10% staining) estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC); however the optimal ER and PgR cut points to enrich for non-luminal subtypes has not been studied. In this study,we compared quantitative ER/PgR status with gene expression-based intrinsic subtype in order to determine if borderline cases should be included in TNBC trials. Methods: ER, PgR, and HER2 status was determined by central review of tumors collected from three phase III randomized trials: GEICAM 9906 (n=820), NCIC CTG MA.5 (n=476) and MA.12 (n=398). PAM50 intrinsic subtyping (BLBC, HER2-enriched, Luminal A, Luminal B and Normal-like) was performed using the qRT-PCR-based assay. Quantitative ER/PgR expression by IHC and subtype was tested using ANOVA and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of 1,694 tumors, 15% were BLBC, 21% HER2-Enriched, 33% Luminal A, 25% Luminal B and 4% Normal-like. BLBC subtypes were significantly associated with low expression of ER and PgR (median = 0.05%) compared to other subtypes (p < 0.001). The vast majority of BLBC (96%) did not express any ER or PgR protein by IHC. BLBC represented 73% of TNBC (borderline cases not included) and significantly more than the additional TNBC with borderline ER/PgR (p < 0.001). Within borderline ER/PgR and HER2-negative cases only, 17% were BLBC and 46% were luminal subtypes (Table). Conclusions: BLBC rarely express ER or PgR by IHC. The majority of borderline TNBC (1-10% ER/PgR) are not BLBC; half of them are categorized as luminal categories that may be endocrine sensitive. TNBC trials seeking to target BLBC tumor biology should use the ASCO/CAP guidelines of 0% as the cutoffs for ER and PgR negativity. [Table: see text]

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4

Elisa, M., Ileana Cristina Vasiliu, Cristiana Eugenia Ana Grigorescu, B. Grigoras, H. Niciu, Daniela Niciu, Aurelia Meghea, et al. "Characterization of Aluminophosphate Glasses Containing Pr³⁺, Er³⁺, Gd³⁺ and Yb³⁺ Ions." Advanced Materials Research 39-40 (April 2008): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.39-40.61.

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A wet non-conventional method for preparing aluminophosphate glasses is presented. Aluminophosphate glasses belonging to the oxide system Li2O-BaO-Al2O3-La2O3-P2O5, doped with rare-earth ions (Pr3+, Er3+, Gd3+, and Yb3+) were obtained. The influence of the doping ions on the optical properties of the phosphate glasses has been investigated in relation with micro-structural and local electronic phenomena The optical behavior of Li2O-BaO-Al2O3-La2O3-P2O5 glasses doped with 3% mol. rare-earth ions has been studied by ultra-violet-visible-near-infra-red (UV-VISNIR) spectroscopy. The transmission spectra revealed electronic transitions between 4f and 6s inner orbital of the rare-earth ions. Structural information via optical phonons was provided by infra-red (IR) absorption spectra in the range 400-4000 cm-1. IR optical phonons are characteristic for the vitreous phosphate network, showing out the glass network-forming role of P2O5. The absorption spectra present the main PO2 and P-O-P symmetrical stretch modes besides P-O-P bend mode, P-OH, P=O, PO3 2-, asymmetrical and symmetrical vibration modes. Fluorescence spectra of the rareearth- doped aluminophosphate glasses, in the visible range, were obtained by laser excitation at 514.5 nm. The fluorescence signals revealed specific electronic transitions, which provide visible and near-infra-red emission. Glasses containing rare-earth ions exhibit luminescence at the following wavelengths: Pr3+ ions at 820 nm and 880 nm, Er3+ ions at 520 nm, 550 nm and 560 nm, Gd3+ ions at 530 nm, 540 nm, 550 nm 820 and 880 nm, Yb3+ions at 530 nm, 540 nm, 550 nm and 980 nm.

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5

Bernasconi, Marco, Andrea Hagendorn, Guido Lassau, and Beate Von Harten. "Krypta unter der Vierung des Basler Münsters: Eine neue Informationsstelle." Jahresberichte der Archäologischen Bodenforschung Basel-Stadt 2018 (December 1, 2019): 85–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.12685/jbab.2018.85-129.

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Zum 1000-jährigen Jubiläum des Heinrichsmünsters hat die Archäologische Bodenforschung im Mai 2019 in der bisher unzugänglichen Krypta unter der Vierung die Archäologische Informationsstelle «Basel, 820–1500 n. Chr. – Krypta unter der Vierung des Münsters» eröffnet. Sie ist seither die Hauptattraktion des Rundgangs zu Originalfundplätzen der keltischen, römischen und mittelalterlichen Stadtgeschichte, zu denen u. a. auch mittels GPS eine dreisprachige App führt. Die Krypta unter der Vierung war im 19. Jahrhundert während Umbaumassnahmen zugunsten einer grosszügigeren Nutzung des Mittelschiffs für Gottesdienste und Konzerte abgebrochen und zugeschüttet worden. Erst 1966 wurde sie bei archäologischen Ausgrabungen wieder freigelegt und mit einer Betondecke versehen. Der Raum blieb danach über 50 Jahre lang unberührt. Er ist der einzige Ort im Münster, an dem Baureste aller Vorgängerbauten zu sehen sind.

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6

Willis, Scooter, Yuliang Sun, Mark Abramovitz, Teng Fei, Brandon Young, Xiaoqian Lin, Min Ni, et al. "High Expression of FGD3, a Putative Regulator of Cell Morphology and Motility, Is Prognostic of Favorable Outcome in Multiple Cancers." JCO Precision Oncology, no. 1 (November 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/po.17.00009.

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Purpose Identification of single-gene biomarkers that are prognostic of outcome can shed new insights on the molecular mechanisms that drive breast cancer and other cancers. Methods Exploratory analysis of 20,464 single-gene messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) discovery cohort indicates that low expression of FGD3 mRNA is prognostic for poor outcome. Prognostic significance of faciogenital dysplasia 3 (FGD3), SUSD3, and other single-gene proliferation markers was evaluated in breast cancer and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. Results A meta-analysis of Cox regression of FGD3 mRNA as a continuous variable for overall survival of estrogen receptor (ER)–positive samples in METABRIC discovery, METABRIC validation, TCGA breast cancer, and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Women With Breast Cancer (E2197) cohorts resulted in a combined hazard ratio (HR) of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.63 to 0.75), indicating better outcome with high expression. In the ER-negative samples, the combined meta-analysis HR was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.63 to 0.82), suggesting that FGD3 is prognostic regardless of ER status. The potential of FGD3 as a biomarker for freedom from recurrence was evaluated in the Breast International Group 1-98 (BIG 1-98; Letrozole or Tamoxifen in Treating Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer) study (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.93) for breast cancer–free interval. In the Hungarian Academy of Science (HAS) breast cancer cohort, splitting on the median had an HR of 0.49 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.58) for recurrence-free survival. A comparison of the Stouffer P value in five ER-positive cohorts showed that FGD3 ( P = 3.8E-14) outperformed MKI67 ( P = 1.06E-8) and AURKA ( P = 2.61E-5). A comparison of the Stouffer P value in four ER-negative cohorts showed that FGD3 ( P = 3.88E-5) outperformed MKI67 ( P = .477) and AURKA ( P = .820). Conclusion FGD3 was previously shown to inhibit cell migration. FGD3 mRNA is regulated by ESR1 and is associated with favorable outcome in six distinct breast cancer cohorts and four TCGA cancer cohorts. This suggests that FGD3 is an important clinical biomarker.

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7

Wahdan-Alaswad, Reema S., and Ann D. Thor. "Thyroid Hormone and Estrogen Promote Endocrine Resistance, Proliferation, Dedifferentiation, and Cancer Stem Cells in Steroid Receptor-Positive Breast Cancers." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A982—A983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.2010.

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Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) and thyroid disease are well-recognized comorbidities. Hyperthyroidism and supraphysiologic thyroid hormone (TH) have been shown to promote BC incidence. We recently reported that thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) was significantly and independently associated with shortened disease-free and overall survival, as well as endocrine resistance only in patients with steroid receptor-positive (SR+) BC (1). TH markedly upregulated estrogen and cell cycle signaling in vivo and in vitro and promoted dedifferentiation to basaloid and pre-stem phenotypes. Metformin (Met) attenuated this shift. Mechanisms of TH-mediated endocrine therapy resistance in ER+ BC are the focus of this report. Design: Two clinical cohorts of early-stage lymph node-negative (LN-) SR+ BC patients (n=820 and n=160) were used to determine the effect of THRT on overall survival using Kaplan-Meier methods. Bi-directional cross-talk between TH and E2 was tested using different BC cell lines, ER+ PDX in vivo models, in vitro methods, and publically available in silico data for modeling. Results: Our results show that E2+TH increases cell proliferation, enhances cell cycle, and hormone-associated oncogenic signaling in SR+/ER+ BC. Given that high expression of THRA is associated with poor prognosis in SR+ BC, knockdown of THRA and ESR1 reduced cell proliferation in ER+ BC cells. ER+ PDX tumors were implanted into NSG mice containing E2 pellet and subsequently treated with TH, Tamoxifen (Tam), Fulvestrant (ICI) or Met. Our data show that TH-mediated endocrine resistance only in the E2+TH+Tam treated tumors (P<0.0001 vs E2+Tam alone). Both ICI and Met provided significant attenuation of tumor growth in vivo. RNAseq analysis of E2+TH+Tam tumors show an increase in pro-oncogenic signaling (Wnt/Fizzled, MMPs, and TCL/LEFT). Our data suggest that the use of Tam did not dampen tumor growth whereas a full ER-antagonist (ICI) or Met attenuated E2-TH mediated cross-talk and tumor growth. Conclusions: These findings suggest that TH+Tam may enhance oncogenic signaling and is associated with a significantly increase in mortality risk in ER+/SR+ BC tumors. Exogenous TH adversely affects SR+ BC and not SR- BC. Understanding the mechanism of cross-talk between TH and E2 allows us to define novel therapeutic strategies that will facilitate rapid clinical application for ER+ BC patients currently taking THRT and anti-estrogen treatments. Reference: (1) Wahdan-Alaswad et. al. Clin Cancer Res October 23 2020 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-264.

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8

Park, B., H. Kim, J. Oh, S. Kim, K. Kim, and J. Sohn. "Elevated preoperative serum level of tumor markers CEA and CA 15–3 in breast cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.621.

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621 Background: Serological tumor markers: Cancer Antigen 15–3 (CA 15–3), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), have been investigated as useful markers for monitoring of response to treatment and for predicting outcome in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 820 breast cancer patients, treated over the period April 1999 through December 2003, had preoperative CA15–3 and CEA concentrations measured. The stage of the primary tumor ranged from 0 to IV. The median age of the patients was 47years (range 20–88 years old). The concentration of markers was investigated with regard to clinico-pathological parameters and patients outcome by both univariate and multivariate analysis. We determined the range of normality by the mean + 2 standard deviations of the markers distribution in populations of healthy females, who took an annual health screening program. Survival curves for disease free survival and death from disease were estimated by the method of Kaplan-Meier method and differences between groups in survival were tested using the log-rank test. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS statistics software (ver 10.5). Results: Among 820 patients, elevated preoperative level of CA15–3 and CEA was identified in 100 (12.2%) and 83 (10.1%) patients, respectively. Tumor size (>5cm), lymph node metastases (≥4), advanced stage (stage III and IV) were associated with significantly higher level of both preoperative CA15–3 and CEA. Elevated preoperative values of CA15–3 and CEA were associated with poor disease free survival (DFS, p=0.0019, p=0.0001, respectively) and distant relapse-free survival (DRFS, p=0.011, p=0.0034), but the level was marginal for overall survival (OS, p=0.0848, p=0.0895). By Cox’s multivariate analysis, younger age (<35 years), larger tumor size(>2cm), axillary node metastases, negative ER expression, elevated preoperative values of CA15–3 and CEA were independent prognostic factors for DFS and DRFS. Conclusions: High level of preoperative CA 15–3 and CEA might reflect a tumor burden, and is associated with advanced disease condition and disease-free survival. Measuring preoperative levels of CA 15–3 and CEA might be helpful for predicting the outcome and for planning the adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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9

Abadi, Cecep Slamet, Rosidi Rosidi, and Idrus Assagaf. "ANALISA KEKUATAN WELDING REPAIR BAJA AISI 420 DENGAN METODA GMAW." Jurnal Poli-Teknologi 18, no. 3 (November 24, 2019): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.32722/pt.v18i3.2396.

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Welding technology is used because besides being easy to use, it can also reduce costs so it is cheaper. Especially for welding repair. From the welding repair the extent to which the strength of GMAW welds can repair components from the molded plastic mold room made of AISI 420 stainless steel. Repair of the print room components using deposit welding is tested using tensile strength and hardness as realization of resistance when holding the rate of liquid plastic entering the print room by 25 to 40 MPa, depending on the plastic viscosity, the precision of the mold and the filling level of the print room. Deposition welding method as a welding repair can affect a procedure to be able to produce a component that is safe and capable of being used in accordance with the provisions. The welding process used is reverse polarity GMAW DC with 125 A current and ER 70 S welding wire diameter 1.2 mm. Test material AISI 420. Tests carried out were tensile test, impact test and hardness test in weld metal, HAZ and base metal. From the Charpy impact test and tensile test obtained the value of welding strength which is close to the strength of the complete object, which is equal to 65%. The energy absorbed by the impact test object with GMAW welding is 5.4 Joule while for the whole test object is 8.1 Joule. The welding tensile strength is 520 MPa compared to the tensile tensile strength of 820 MPa.

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10

Weber, Th, W. L�thy, and H. P. Weber. "Upconversion in YAlO3:Er pumped at 800 nm." Applied Physics B Photophysics and Laser Chemistry 55, no. 2 (August 1992): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00324065.

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11

Zimparov, Ventsislav. "Energy conservation through heat transfer enhancement techniques." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 7 (2002): 675–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.810.

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12

Qiu, Limin, Guobang Chen, and Ning Jiang. "Optimum packing factor of the stack in a standing-wave thermoacoustic prime mover." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 8 (2002): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.800.

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13

Huilin, Lu, Liu Wentie, Li Feng, Zhao Guangbo, and He Yurong. "Eulerian simulations of bubble behaviour in a two-dimensional gas-solid bubbling fluidized bed." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 15 (2002): 1285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.802.

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14

Ulgen, K., and A. Hepbasli. "Estimation of solar radiation parameters for Izmir, Turkey." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 9 (2002): 807–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.821.

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15

El-Ghalban, Ali R. "Operational results of an intermittent absorption cooling unit." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 9 (2002): 825–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.822.

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Kaya, Durmus, Patrick Phelan, David Chau, and H. Ibrahim Sarac. "Energy conservation in compressed-air systems." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 9 (2002): 837–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.823.

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17

Zhou, Shengbing, Lingen Chen, Fengrui Sun, and Chih Wu. "Cooling load density characteristics of an endoreversible variable-temperature heat reservoir air refrigerator." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 10 (2002): 881–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.826.

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18

Lopes, Jose, Viriato Semião, and Maria da Graça Carvalho. "On the effect of the local turbulence scales on the mixing rate of diffusion flames: assessment of two different combustion models." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 10 (August 2002): 893–920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.827.

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19

Seo, Yong Seog, Sung June Cho, Kwang Sup Song, and Sung Kyu Kang. "A fibre-mat catalytic burner for the heating system of PVC tiles." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 10 (2002): 921–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.828.

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20

Çamdalı, Ünal, and Murat Tunç. "Modelling of electric energy consumption in the AC electric arc furnace." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 10 (August 2002): 935–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.829.

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21

Yilbas, B. S., S. Z. Shuja, and M. O. Iqbal. "Energy and entropy analysis in a square cavity with protruding body: effects of protruding body aspect ratio." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 9 (2002): 851–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.824.

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Bagalagel, Saleh M., and Ahmet Z. ?ahin. "Design optimization of heat exchangers with high-viscosity fluids." International Journal of Energy Research 26, no. 10 (2002): 867–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.825.

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23

Αποστολόπουλος, Δημήτρης Γ. "Η τύχη του χειρογράφου 827 του Μετοχίου του Παναγίου Τάφου στην Κωνσταντινούπολη." Gleaner 25 (December 29, 2005): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/er.53.

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24

Kim, Yuri, Hwoon-Yong Jung, Do Hoon Kim, Jeong Hoon Lee, Kee Don Choi, Ji Yong Ahn, Hee Kyong Na, and Young Soo Park. "Feasibility of endoscopic resection in gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.822.

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822 Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) can be applied for small SETs of stomach. GISTs can be diagnosed pathologically after resection. Initially we used ESD. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) was introduced for overcoming limitations of ESD. However, STER was very difficult to apply for gastric lesions. We developed new ER method, clip-assisted surgical endoscopy (CASE, Jung's method). In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of ER for GISTs and compared 3 ER methods. Methods: Medical records of 53 patients who diagnosed GISTs after ER for SETs from 2005 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Average age was 60.0 ± 10.6 years. ESD, STER and CASE were performed for 23, 5, and 25 patients, respectively. Clinical characteristics, procedure times, and outcomes of each endoscopic technique were analyzed. Results: Average pathological size of GIST was 2.1 cm. 94.3% proved to be very low risk of malignant potential. Location of SETs were different; ESD applied mainly for body lesions, STER tried for fundus lesions, CASE also mainly for fundus and high body lesions. Overall R0 and R1 resection rate was 62.3%, and 35.8%. There are 34 patients who had complications after the procedure (21 micro-perforation, 12 macro-perforation, 1 bleeding), but perforation would be a part of ER procedure for SETs. In ESD, some macro-perforations was a reason for surgical conversion. Four patients (2 ESD, 1 STER, 1 CASE) underwent surgical conversion during ER. STER had the longest procedure time (50.3, 95.2 and 40.7 min, P = 0.018). After development of CASE procedure, we can reduce procedure time and on-site surgical conversion. R0 resection rate was highest in CASE. No R1 resected patients were recurrent so far. Conclusions: ER seems to be safe and effective therapeutic options for removing small gastric GISTs. Using CASE (Jung's method), ER would be more comfortable especially in the fundus lesions.

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Van Tine, Brian A., Robert J. Crowder, and Matthew J. Ellis. "ER and PI3K Independently Modulate Endocrine Resistance in ER-Positive Breast Cancer: Figure 1." Cancer Discovery 1, no. 4 (September 2011): 287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.cd-11-0192.

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Zelinska, Mariya, Olga Zhak, Stepan Oryshchyn, Tetiana Polianska, and Jean-Yves Pivan. "Solid State Phase Equilibria in the Er-Ni-P and Er-Ni-As Systems at 800 °C." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 1143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0907.

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Solid-state phase equilibria in the ternary systems Er-Ni-P and Er-Ni-As have been determined at 800 °C (region 0 - 67 at.% P or 0 - 50 at.% As) using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. Eight ternary phosphides and six ternary arsenides have been synthesized, including several phases reported previously. The hexagonal structure of the new compound Er6Ni20P13, as determined from single-crystal X-ray data, exhibits a new structure type closely related to the Ho6Ni20P13 structure. Two other new phosphides, Er16Ni36P22 (Tb16Ni36P22- type) and Er20Ni42P30 (Sm20Ni41.6P30-type), have also been obtained at 800 °C. In the Er-Ni-As system, a new arsenide Er20Ni42As30 (Sm20Ni41.6P30-type) has been found in addition to known ternary phases. From X-ray powder data, the structures of the ternary arsenides ErNi4As2 (ZrFe4Si2-type) and Er2Ni12As7 (Zr2Fe12P7-type) have been refined by Rietveld methods. In the single crystal investigations, two other new phases Er12Ni30P21 [derived (La, Ce)12Rh30P21-type] and Er13Ni25As19 (Tm13Ni25As19-type) have been prepared by high-temperature annealing (1500 °C).

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Bange, Jaspal Parganram, Mayank Kumar Singh, Kazusa Kano, Kenta Miura, and Osamu Hanaizumi. "Structural Analysis of Rf Sputtered Er Doped Ta₂O₅ Films." Key Engineering Materials 459 (December 2010): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.459.32.

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Thin films of Er-doped Ta2O5 have been synthesized by RF sputtering. The influence of annealing temperature, number of Er tablets and annealing time on the structural properties of grown films, has been studied. The samples annealed bellow 800°C show amorphous nature. However, the sample annealed at 800°C and above shows crystalline nature of the film with β–Ta2O5 (orthorhombic) and δ–Ta2O5 (hexagonal) phase. The crystalline structure of the film is disturbed with the increase in Er concentration.

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Wesseling, Jelle, Corrado Tinterri, Anna Sapino, Fabrizio Zanconati, Martijn Lutke Holzik, Bichlien Nguyen, Kenneth B. Deck, et al. "Central review of discordant samples for microarray-based ER, PR, and HER2 and local IHC/FISH assessment worldwide from 827 patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.27_suppl.11.

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11 Background: Differences in fixation and IHC and subjective interpretation can substantially affect the accuracy and reproducibility of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 expression. The commercially available TargetPrint test measures the mRNA expression level of ER, PR and HER2 and is 98% concordant with centrally assessed ER as presented by Viale et al, SABCS 2011. This study compares results from the microarray-based TargetPrint with IHC and FISH (for HER2 IHC2+) generated by local standard procedures. Methods: Fresh tumor samples (core needle biopsies or surgical) were collected for 831 patients diagnosed with breast cancer stage I to IV (Feb 2008 - Jan 2011) from 22 hospitals from Europe, New Zealand, Japan and US. The results of the IHC/FISH assessments performed according to the local standards at the hospitals were compared to the quantitative gene expression readouts with TargetPrint. Discordant cases were centrally reviewed for IHC/FISH assessment. Results: Of the 831 samples, IHC assessment was unknown for 4 ER/ PR samples; HER2 was unknown for 12 samples. Comparison of IHC and gene expression read out by TargetPrint showed a concordance of 95% for ER; 83% for PR and 94% for HER2. In this study, 3% of all IHC ER positive samples were classified negative by microarray, and 11% of IHC PR positive samples were classified negative by microarray. For HER2, 4% of IHC/FISH HER2 positive samples were classified negative by microarray and 2% of IHC/FISH HER2 negative samples were classified positive by microarray. Most notably, all available 5 ER IHC negative/TargetPrint positive samples turned out to be positive with central re-assessment. HER2 IHC2+ samples with discordant classifications for TargetPrint and local assessment are currently being reviewed for FISH/SISH assessment. Conclusions: Microarray based readout of ER, PR and HER2 status using TargetPrint is fairly comparable to local IHC and FISH analysis in 827 analyzed samples in various hospitals worldwide. However, re-assessment of discordant cases–especially IHC ER-/TargetPrint ER+ cases- confirms TargetPrint to be a useful high quality second opinion for local IHC/FISH assessment.

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Wesseling, Jelle, Corrado Tinterri, Anna Sapino, Fabrizio Zanconati, Martijn Lutke Holzik, Bichlien Nguyen, Kenneth B. Deck, et al. "Central review of discordant samples for microarray based on ER, PR, and HER2 and local IHC/FISH assessment worldwide from 827 patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 10554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.10554.

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10554 Background: Differences in fixation and IHC and subjective interpretation can substantially affect the accuracy and reproducibility of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 expression. The commercially available TargetPrint test measures the mRNA expression level of ER, PR and HER2 and is 98% concordant with centrally assessed ER as presented by Viale et al, SABCS 2011. This study compares results from the microarray-based TargetPrint with IHC and FISH (for HER2 IHC2+) generated by local standard procedures. Methods: Fresh tumor samples (core needle biopsies or surgical) were collected for 831 patients diagnosed with breast cancer stage I to IV (Feb 2008 - Jan 2011) from 22 hospitals from Europe, New Zealand, Japan and US. The results of the IHC/FISH assessments performed according to the local standards at the hospitals were compared to the quantitative gene expression readouts with TargetPrint. Discordant cases were centrally reviewed for IHC/FISH assessment. Results: Of the 831 samples, IHC assessment was unknown for 4 ER/ PR samples; HER2 was unknown for 12 samples. Comparison of IHC and gene expression read out by TargetPrint showed a concordance of 95% for ER; 83% for PR and 94% for HER2. In this study, 3% of all IHC ER positive samples were classified negative by microarray, and 11% of IHC PR positive samples were classified negative by microarray. For HER2, 4% of IHC/FISH HER2 positive samples were classified negative by microarray and 2% of IHC/FISH HER2 negative samples were classified positive by microarray. Most notably, all available 5 ER IHC negative/TargetPrint positive samples turned out to be positive with central re-assessment. HER2 IHC2+ samples with discordant classifications for TargetPrint and local assessment are currently being reviewed for FISH/SISH assessment. Conclusions: Microarray based readout of ER, PR and HER2 status using TargetPrint is fairly comparable to local IHC and FISH analysis in 827 analyzed samples in various hospitals worldwide. However, re-assessment of discordant cases –especially IHC ER-/TargetPrint ER+ cases- confirms TargetPrint to be a useful high quality second opinion for local IHC/FISH assessment.

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Jemmali, M., S. Walha, M. Pasturel, O. Tougait, R. Ben Hassen, and H. Noël. "Isothermal section of the Er–Fe–Al ternary system at 800°C." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 489, no. 2 (January 2010): 421–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.152.

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Zhiru, Chen, Xu Lei, Zhao Linwei, Wang Youchao, Li Changyun, and Mi Guofa. "The casting process and high temperature oxidation resistance of high chromium cast iron grate bar." Engineering review 39, no. 1 (2019): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30765/er.39.1.4.

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The solidification process of a high chromium cast iron grate bar used for sinter machine was simulated, and high temperature oxidation resistance was also investigated. The simulation result shows that sequence solidification can be achieved and no shrinkage cavity and porosity were observed. Based on the analysis of the microstructure, it could be known that the grate bar was well protected by the Fe3O4、Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 oxide films at temperatures lower than 800°C.

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Abdelghany, Emad A. M., Taha E. Farrag, and Nasser A. M. Barakat. "Study on fluidization of 0.5 µm ultrafine and 8.0 µm superfine Geldart-C powders in a binary mixture circulating fluidized bed." International Journal of Energy Research 38, no. 5 (September 20, 2013): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3117.

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Nissen, Mogens Rostgaard. "Jens Mungard - Strandtidslen er min blomst." Sønderjydske Årbøger 127, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 57–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/soenderjydskeaarboeger.v127i1.113021.

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I februar 1940 døde den frisiske digter Jens Emil Mungard i koncentrationslejren Sachsenhausen. Det var afslutningen på et brydsomt liv. Han blev født i Keitum på Sild som søn af den kendte landmand og sprogforsker, Nann Mungard, og de to havde et kompliceret forhold til hinanden. Jens Mungards gård blev brændt af efter, at hans far i 1920 havde deltaget meget aktivt i afstemningskampen for at få øens befolkning til at stemme dansk. Det så de tysksindede frisere på Sild ikke på med milde øjne. Efter den nazistiske magtovertagelse i 1933 kom han hurtigt på kant med regimet og begyndte at skrive kritiske digte om styret. Samtidig skrev Jens Mungard mere end 800 poetiske digte på den frisiske dialekt, Sölring, og han regnes af flere som den vigtigste nordfrisiske digter.

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Ofuchi, H., D. Kawamura, J. Tsuchiya, N. Matsubara, M. Tabuchi, Y. Fujiwara, and Y. Takeda. "Local structure study of dilute Er in III–V semiconductors by fluorescence EXAFS." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 5, no. 3 (May 1, 1998): 1061–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049597018566.

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For understanding the luminescence of Er atoms in III–V semiconductors, OMVPE-grown InP doped with Er has been investigated by fluorescence EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) in order to study the local structure around Er atoms. The local structures around the Er atoms doped in InP, with doping as dilute as 3 × 1012 Er atoms in a 1.5 mm × 1.0 mm spot, were successfully measured by fluorescence EXAFS. The EXAFS analysis revealed that the Er atoms doped in InP above 853 K (which showed low luminescence) formed the rock-salt-structure ErP, while the Er atoms doped in InP below 823 K (which showed high luminescence) substituted on the In site of InP. The dependence of the local structure on growth temperature was observed for the samples doped with 3 × 1012 atoms and 1.2 × 1013 atoms of Er.

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Shang, Xiaoying, Ping Chen, Tianqing Jia, Donghai Feng, Shian Zhang, Zhenrong Sun, and Jianrong Qiu. "Upconversion luminescence mechanisms of Er3+ ions under excitation of an 800 nm laser." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 17 (2015): 11481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00057b.

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Mizuno, Y., M. Yamamoto, S. Kuno, K. Hasegawa, T. Kagimura, and N. Hattori. "P2.089 Efflcacy of pramipexole extended release (ER) and switching from pramipexole immediate release (IR) to ER in Japanese advanced PD patients." Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 15 (December 2009): S112—S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70440-7.

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Obodo, Raphael M., Assumpta C. Nwanya, Chinedu Iroegbu, Ishaq Ahmad, Azubike B. C. Ekwealor, Rose U. Osuji, Malik Maaza, and Fabian I. Ezema. "Transformation of GO to rGO due to 8.0 MeV carbon (C++) ions irradiation and characteristics performance on MnO 2 –NiO–ZnO @ GO electrode." International Journal of Energy Research 44, no. 8 (April 13, 2020): 6792–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.5416.

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Kim, S., X. Li, J. J. Coleman, R. Zhang, D. M. Hansen, T. F. Kuech, and S. G. Bishop. "Photoluminescence and Photoluminescence Excitation Spectroscopy of in Situ Er-Doped and Er-Implanted GaN Films Grown by Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy." MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research 4, S1 (1999): 946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s1092578300003641.

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Photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectroscopy have been carried out at 6K on the 1540 nm 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 emission of Er3+ in in situ Er-doped and Erimplanted GaN grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The PL and PLE of these two different Er-doped HVPE-grown GaN films are compared with Er-implanted GaN grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).In the in situ Er-doped HVPE-grown GaN, the lineshape of the broad PLE absorption bands and the broad PL bands is similar to that in Er-doped glass. The PL spectra of this in situ Er-doped sample are independent of excitation wavelength, unlike the PL of the Er-implanted GaN. These PL spectra are quite different from the site-selective PL spectra observed in the Er-implanted GaN, indicating that the seven different Er3+ sites existing in the Er-implanted MOCVD-grown GaN are not observed in the in situ Er-doped HVPE-grown GaN. Four of the seven different Er3+ sites observed in the Er-implanted MOCVD-grown GaN annealed at 900°C under a flow of N2 are present in the Er-implanted HVPE-grown GaN annealed at 800°C in an NH3/H2 atmosphere.

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Kotecha, Rupesh, Raees Tonse, Muni Rubens, Michael McDermott, Yazmin Odia, Haley Appel, and Minesh Mehta. "33. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF BREAST CANCER BRAIN METASTASIS AND PRIMARY TUMOR RECEPTOR EXPRESSION DISCORDANCE." Neuro-Oncology Advances 2, Supplement_2 (August 2020): ii6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdaa073.021.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Discordance in hormone receptor (estrogen [ER] and progesterone [PR]) and human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) status between the primary tumor and brain metastases and its effect on tumor classification subtype switching has been described but remains understudied. METHODS Using the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was performed of series published prior to April 2020 of biopsied or resected breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) from the Medline database using the keywords “breast cancer” and “brain metastasis” combined with “estrogen receptor/ER,” “progesterone receptor/PR,” “HER2/neu,” and “receptor conversion/dis- or concordance.” Weighted random effects models were used to calculate pooled estimates. RESULTS Fifteen full-text articles met inclusion criteria and cumulatively reported on 1373 patients who underwent biopsy or resection of at least one BCBM to compare to their primary tumor. At initial diagnosis, receptor expression profiles were 45.0% ER+, 41.0% ER-, 31.0% PR+, 51.0% PR-, 35% HER2+, and 47.0% HER2-. Corresponding receptor expression profiles from the BCBM were 19.0% ER+, 31.0% ER-, 13.0% PR+, 40.0% PR-, 21.0% HER2+, and 26.0% HER2-. Intra-patient receptor discordance comparisons revealed that 540 patients (42.6%) exhibited discordance in any receptor with 17.0% (95% CI: 13.0%-23.0%) discordance for ER status, 23.0% (95% CI: 18.0%-30.0%) for PR status, and 12.0% (95% CI: 8.0%-16.0%) for HER2 status. The most common receptor discordance events found in BCBM compared to primary tumors were ER loss 11.0% (95% CI: 8.0%-16.0%), PR loss 15.0% (95% CI: 11.0%-21.0%), and HER2 gain 9.0% (95% CI: 7.0%-11.0%). CONCLUSIONS BCBM commonly exhibit receptor expression changes on comparison to primary tumors including a 10% HER2 gain rate, a potential actionable target. Classification patterns need to be updated to reflect changes in overall tumor subtype grouping and which factors predict for BCBM/primary tumor discordance. Overall, tumor subtype switching and its effect on clinical management remains underappreciated.

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Qin, Bo, Baichen Xu, Nan Ji, Song Yao, Karen Pawlish, Adana A. M. Llanos, Yong Lin, et al. "Intake of vitamin D and calcium, sun exposure, and risk of breast cancer subtypes among black women." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 111, no. 2 (December 11, 2019): 396–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz302.

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ABSTRACT Background The randomized placebo-controlled Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial suggested a possible benefit of vitamin D on cancer incidence among black individuals. However, data are limited regarding the impact of vitamin D on breast cancer subtypes among African-American/black women, who tend to develop more aggressive forms of breast cancer. Objectives We hypothesize that more vitamin D exposure (through diet, supplements, and sunlight) and higher intake of calcium are associated with decreased risk of estrogen receptor (ER)+ and ER− breast cancer, and of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) among black women. Methods This study was conducted among 1724 black cases and 1233 controls in the Women's Circle of Health Study (WCHS) and WCHS2. Polytomous logistic regressions were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs of ER+ and ER− breast cancer; logistic regressions were used for TNBC. The ORs from each study were pooled using an inverse-variance-weighted random-effects model. Results Dietary vitamin D and calcium intake were not associated with risk of breast cancer subtypes in the pooled analysis. For supplemental vitamin D, we observed possible inverse associations between intake of ≤800 IU/d (compared with nonuse) and risk of several subtypes, with effects that appeared strongest for TNBC (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.94); no association was found for >800 IU/d. More daylight hours spent outdoors in a year was associated with lower risk of ER+, ER−, and TNBC (e.g., highest compared with lowest quartile: TNBC OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.91; P-trend = 0.02). Conclusions Moderate supplemental vitamin D intake was associated with decreased risk of TNBC, and increased sun exposure was associated with reduced risk of ER+, ER−, and TNBC among black women.

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Labrie, Fernand, Pierre Champagne, Claude Labrie, Jean Roy, Jacques Laverdière, Louise Provencher, Martin Potvin, et al. "Activity and Safety of the Antiestrogen EM-800, the Orally Active Precursor of Acolbifene, in Tamoxifen-Resistant Breast Cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 5 (March 1, 2004): 864–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.05.122.

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Purpose To determine the efficacy and safety of EM-800 (SCH-57050), the precursor of acolbifene, a new, highly potent, orally active, pure antiestrogen in the mammary gland and endometrium, for the treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. Patients and Methods Forty-three post menopausal/ovariectomized women with breast cancer who had received tamoxifen, either for metastatic disease or as adjuvant to surgery for ≥ 1 year, and had relapsed were treated in a prospective, multicenter, phase II study with EM-800 (20 mg/d [n = 21] or 40 mg/d [n = 22] orally). Results Thirty-seven patients had estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors (>10 fmol/mg; mean, 146 fmol/mg cytosolic protein), three patients had ER-negative/progesterone receptor-positive tumors, and three patients had undetermined ER status. The objective response rate to EM-800 was 12%, with one complete response and four partial responses. Ten patients (23%) had stable disease for ≥ 3 months, and 7 patients (16%) had stable disease for ≥ 6 months. With a median follow-up of 29 months, median duration of response was 8 months (range, 7 to 71+ months). Treatment with EM-800 was well tolerated. No significant adverse events related to the study drug were observed clinically or biochemically. Conclusion EM-800 produced responses in a significant proportion of patients with tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer, thus showing that this highly potent, selective estrogen receptor modulator, which lacks estrogenic activity in the mammary gland and endometrium, has incomplete cross-resistance with tamoxifen, thus suggesting additional benefits in the treatment of breast cancer.

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Luitel, Hom Nath, Rumi Chand, Toshio Torikai, Mitsunori Yada, and Takanori Watari. "Y2BaZnO5:Er3+ microcapsules with enhanced upconversion by vanadium ion codoping." RSC Advances 6, no. 14 (2016): 11554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra26042f.

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Er³⁺/V⁵⁺/Yb³⁺ doped Y₂BaZnO₅ microcapsules of 1–3 μm were prepared by HT route. Bright green to orange UC was observed by dual 800 and 980 nm laser excitation. More than 3 fold intensification of Er UC was achieved by 3 mol% V⁵⁺ substitution.

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Chen, Hong, K. Gurumurugan, M. E. Kordesch, W. M. Jadwisienczak, and H. J. Lozykowski. "Visible and Infrared Emission from GaN:Er Thin Films Grown by Sputtering." MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research 5, S1 (2000): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s1092578300004208.

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Erbium-doped films were grown on sapphire and silicon substrates by reactive sputtering, with different Er concentrations in the film. GaN films deposited at 800 K were determined to be polycrystalline by x-ray diffraction analysis, and retained their polycrystalline structure after annealing in nitrogen at 1250 K. The Er-doped films showed optical transmission beginning at about 360 nm, and the Er dose and film purity were determined with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy showed sharp emission lines corresponding to Er 3+ intra 4fn shell transitions over the range from 9 - 300 K. At above-bandgap optical and electron excitation, the 4S3/2 and 4F9/2 transition dominate, and are superposed on the "yellow band" emission. The infrared emission line at 1543 nm, corresponding to the Er 4I13/2 to 4I5/2 transition is also observed.

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Toy, Weiyi, Hazel Weir, Pedram Razavi, Mandy Lawson, Anne U. Goeppert, Anne Marie Mazzola, Aaron Smith, et al. "Activating ESR1 Mutations Differentially Affect the Efficacy of ER Antagonists." Cancer Discovery 7, no. 3 (December 16, 2016): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-1523.

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Maranto, G. "An Everglades Providence: Marjory Stoneman Douglas and the American Environmental Century Jack E. Davis. 2009. Athens: University of Georgia Press. Cloth, $34.95. ISBN: 978-0-8203-3071-6. 616 pages." Ecological Restoration 27, no. 4 (November 9, 2009): 492–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.27.4.492.

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Zhang, De-Long, Li-Zhu Zhang, Chao Xu, Liang Sun, Yu-Heng Xu, and Edwin Yue-Bun Pun. "Influence of MgO codoping on Er concentration in congruent LiNbO3 crystal: Mg threshold concentration effect." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 2 (February 2010): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0049.

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Congruent Er:Mg:LiNbO3 crystals were grown by the Czochralski method from the melts containing fixed 0.5 mol% Er2O3 while varied MgO content ranged from 0.0 to 8.0 mol%. The Mg and Er contents in the crystals were determined by neutron activation analysis. In the presence of Er codopant, the Mg threshold concentration with respect to optical damage is determined from the measured OH absorption spectra. The results show that the Er codopant has less effect on both the Mg threshold concentration and Mg segregation coefficient, which is within 1.13–1.23 as the Mg concentration is below the threshold while within 0.88–0.98 when above the threshold, consistent with the only MgO doping case. On the other hand, the practical Er concentration in the crystal is closely related to the Mg content and shows definite Mg threshold effect. Below the threshold, the Er concentration decreases linearly with the increased Mg concentration in the crystal; above the threshold, the decrease is more remarkable and follows another linear function. The Mg concentration effect on the Er segregation coefficient is discussed from the viewpoint of the Mg doping effect on the solubility of Er ions in the crystal.

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Yang, W. C., C. W. Wang, J. C. Wang, Y. C. Chang, H. C. Hsu, Tzer-En Nee, L. J. Chen, and J. H. He. "Aligned Er-Doped ZnO Nanorod Arrays with Enhanced 1.54 μm Infrared Emission." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 3363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.164.

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Vertically aligned Er-doped ZnO nanorod arrays with sharp and intense 1.54 μm infrared emission have been fabricated on Si substrates through a well controlled spin-coating and annealing process. The synthesis method is advantageous for synthesizing ZnO nanostructures free from structural defects, capability for large-scale production, minimum equipment requirement and product homogeneity. Er atoms were found to incorporate into ZnO lattice from XRD, ESCA, TEM, STEM/EDS and PL measurements. The single-crystal Er-doped nanorods maintained their high microstructural quality after annealing for 4 hr at 800 °C. The intensity of 1.54 μm infrared emission was found to be correlated with the deep level green emission. The enhanced luminescence intensity and best ever narrow wavelength distribution of Er-doped ZnO nanorod arrays at 1.54 μm emission will be conductive to applications in optoelectronic devices and optical communications.

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Stober, Frederick C., and Barbara R. Albert. "Erbium boride composites with high ZT values at 800 K." MRS Proceedings 1490 (2013): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2013.400.

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ABSTRACTSingle phase erbium borides ErB2, ErB4, and ErB12 show Seebeck coefficients and power factors with absolute values that are significantly lower than those of a stable Er-B multi phase composite obtained through high temperature solid-solid reaction from the elements (molar ratio Er:B = 1:6). According to quantitative Rietveld analysis the composite consists of erbium diboride (1 %), tetraboride (83 %), and dodecaboride (16 %), and the measurement of the electrical conductivities, Seebeck coefficients, and thermal conductivities leads to ZT values as high as 0.53 at 830 K. Such refractory materials can be used for energy conversion in a range of high temperatures that are otherwise difficult to address.

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Palayukan, Rency Bunga, Rais Rachman, and Ari Kusuma. "Analisis Kapasitas Landasan Pacu Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport." Paulus Civil Engineering Journal 2, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52722/pcej.v2i3.141.

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Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Hasanuddin Makassar yang lebih dikenal dengan SHIAM memiliki status sebagai bandara transit utama khususnya untuk penerbangan kawasan Indonesia Timur. Hal tersebut menyebabkan permintaan akan penggunaan pesawat meningkat, terlebih jika memasuki jam-jam puncak atau pada saat masa liburan, jika jumlah pesawat yang beroperasi disuatu bandar udara melebihi kapasitas akan menyebabkan overload pada sistem Air Traffic Management (ATM) yang membuat kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan akan menurun, misalnya terjadi penundaan pelaksanaan operasi penerbangan.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kapasitas landasan pacu untuk Pesawat Boeing 737-900.ER, mengetahui kapasitas landasan pacu untuk Pesawat Boeing 737-800, dan mengetahui kapasitas landasan pacu untuk Pesawat Airbus A320. Hasil penelitian bahwa Pesawat rencana Boeing 737-900.ER memenuhi panjang runway, pesawat rencana Boeing 737-800 memenuhi panjang runway, dan Runway saat ini masih memenuhi untuk penggunaan pesawat Airbus A320.

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Landres, P. "The Wilderness Debate Rages On: Continuing the Great New Wilderness Debate Michael P. Nelson and J. Baird Callicott, editors. 2008. Athens: University of Georgia Press. Paper, $34.95. ISBN: 978-0-8203-3171-3. 704 pages." Ecological Restoration 27, no. 3 (August 6, 2009): 364–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/er.27.3.364.

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