Relevant bibliographies by topics / Eritrean

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Eritrean'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Eritrean"

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Hirt, Nicole, and Abdulkader Saleh Mohammad. "Eritrea’s self-reliance narrative and the remittance paradox: Reflections on thirty years of retrogression." Remittances Review 6, no. 1 (May 26, 2021): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v6i1.1056.

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This article explores the role of remittances in Eritrea’s transnational authoritarian system. The government exercises a policy of active control over Eritrean citizens living abroad, and the country’s economy relies heavily on private remittances to ensure the subsistence of the population. This stands in stark contrast to the official doctrine of economic self-reliance, which has been hampered by an open-ended national service that can last for decades and deprives Eritrean citizens in productive age from making a living. The government also puts extreme restraints on the private sector. As a result, the livelihoods of Eritreans depend mostly on diaspora remittances. The authors take a historically contextualised approach based on empirical fieldwork in Eritrea from the 1990s to 2010 and among Eritrean diaspora communities in Europe between 2013 and 2019. We demonstrate how the government’s self-reliance approach has shifted from developing Eritrea’s human capital to securing financial support through transnational diaspora control. We conclude that in the case of Eritrea, the process of diasporisation has not triggered development and political transformation but has cemented a political and economic status quo that forces ever-growing parts of the population to leave.
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Graf, Samuel, and Susan Thieme. ""We look similar and have the same geographical origin": translocal encounters of second-generation Eritreans with a new generation of refugees from Eritrea." Geographica Helvetica 71, no. 4 (November 29, 2016): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-71-331-2016.

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Abstract. This article addresses the encounters of second-generation Eritreans with a new generation of refugees from Eritrea in Switzerland and identifies two main types of encounter: direct personal encounters and indirect in the public discourse. It suggests that the recently arrived Eritrean refugees present a new actor within the translocal social field with whom the second-generation Eritreans have to renegotiate their relation. We argue that these encounters frame the second-generation Eritreans' positionality within the translocal social field and influence their identity and their affiliation towards Eritrea and Eritreans. We find that encounters between second-generation Eritreans and new Eritrean arrivals are crucial moments through which second-generation Eritreans form their hybrid identity. Thus, the paper contributes to the debate on identity formation of the second generation by adopting a translocal perspective and provides insights into the diversity in the Eritrean diaspora in Switzerland.
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Plastow, Jane. "Theatre of Conflict in the Eritrean Independence Struggle." New Theatre Quarterly 13, no. 50 (May 1997): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00011003.

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Eritrea is a newly independent country whose performing arts history, based on the music and dance of her nine ethnic groups, is only just beginning to be systematically researched. Western-influenced drama was introduced to the country by the Italians in the early twentieth century, but Eritreans only began to use this form of theatre in the 1940s. The three-part series here inaugurated is the first attempt to piece together the history of Eritrean drama, beginning below with an outline of its history from the 1940s to national independence in 1991. The author explores the highly political role drama played from the outset in Eritrea's struggle towards independence and the effort to mould this alien performance form into a public voice at least for urban Eritreans. Later articles will look at the cultural troupes of the Eritrean liberation forces and at post-independence work on developing community-based theatre. The research took place as part of the continuing Eritrea Community Based Theatre Project, which is involved with practical theatre development as well as theatre research. Although this opening article is written by Jane Plastow, she wishes to stress that it is the upshot of a collaborative research exercise, for which Elias Lucas and Jonathan Stephanus were research trainees. Most of the information used here is the result of interviews they conducted and of translations of articles in Tigrinya or Amharic which they located. Training in interview techniques and collaboration over translation of material into English was conducted by the project research assistant, Paul Warwick. Jane Plastow is the director of the Eritrea Community Based Theatre Project and a lecturer at Leeds University. She initiated the project at the invitation of the Eritrean government, after working in theatre for some years in a number of African countries, notably Ethiopia. She supervised the research for this project, and used her experience of African theatre and of the politics and history of the region to draw the available material into its present state as a preliminary history of Eritrean drama.
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Bereketeab, Redie. "The Morality of the U.N. Security Council Sanctions against Eritrea: Defensibility, Political Objectives, and Consequences." African Studies Review 56, no. 2 (August 8, 2013): 145–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2013.46.

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Abstract:This article seeks to examine the sanctions imposed on Eritrea by the U.N. Security Council (UNSC) based on Eritrea’s alleged involvement in Somalia and its border dispute with Djibouti. It argues that the UNSC’s failure to sanction the parties for reneging on their commitment to implement the Permanent Court of Arbitration’s verdict on the border dispute between Eritrea and Ethiopia casts doubt on the morality of the sanctions. It also argues that the decision may have been driven by political motives. These sanctions will hurt the people of Eritrea and the Eritrean nation, and indeed, there is a real risk that the outcome of the sanctions could be the collapse of the Eritrean state.
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Stefanos, Asgedet. "Women and Education in Eritrea: A Historical and Contemporary Analysis." Harvard Educational Review 67, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 658–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17763/haer.67.4.282l602nw5445414.

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In this article, Asgedet Stefanos examines women and education in the east African nation of Eritrea. She tackles as her central questions whether, and to what extent, Eritrean women have been achieving emancipation; and, if so, what role education has played in that process. Stefanos begins by providing a historical overview that delineates Eritrean women's general social condition and access to education in pre-colonial traditional society and during the eras of Italian and British colonialism. She then evaluates developments during Eritrea's protracted national liberation struggle against Ethiopia and the four years since independence. Stefanos documents significant advances in the emancipation of women and highlights education as a vital arena for change. She observes shortcomings in the Eritrean political leadership's strategy to establish effective educational equity for women, as well as disparities between the goals and assessments of policymakers and the aspirations and experiences of women. Her discussion of contemporary Eritrea is informed by policies and commentary of political leaders and interviews with a diverse sample of Eritrean women. Stefanos concludes by asserting that the current situation confronting an independent Eritrea promotes new obstacles and challenges to a vigorous pursuit of female rights and gender equality, and that the prospects for expanding women's gains in education are very much in the balance.
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Reid, Richard. "Old Problems in New Conflicts: Some Observations on Eritrea and its Relations with Tigray, from Liberation Struggle to Inter-State War." Africa 73, no. 3 (August 2003): 369–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.3.369.

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AbstractThis article examines the problematic relationship between Eritrea and Tigray as represented by the Eritrean and Tigray Peoples’ Liberation Fronts. The EPLF won independence for Eritrea in 1991, at the same time as the TPLF seized power in Ethiopia; the two movements had had a difficult relationship, beginning in the mid-1970s, during their respective armed struggles, and the issues which had caused disagreement remained unresolved as the movements made the transition to government. This paper examines the nature of those issues and the degree to which the war of 1998-2000 between the two countries can be seen to have reflected much older tensions and indeed contradictions in the Eritrean–Tigrayan/Ethiopian relationship. Thus, the paper begins with an overview of Eritrean opinion, during the recent war, about the relationship in question, and then moves back in time to the era of the liberation struggle. Here, the author attempts to explain the complexities of the respective Eritrean and Tigrayan revolutions insofar as each impinged on and influenced the other, with particular reference to the issues of frontiers, nationality and ethnicity, and sovereignty. The paper, finally, considers the apparent paradoxes in the perceptions which Eritreans have of Tigray and Ethiopia, and suggests that changes in attitude are necessary on both sides of the Mereb river border if the relationship is not to be defined by perpetual confrontation.
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Arega, Natnael Terefe. "The plights of Eritrean refugees in the Shimelba Refugee Camp, Ethiopia." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 13, no. 1 (March 6, 2017): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-02-2016-0007.

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Purpose Thousands of Eritrean youth flee due to extreme domestic discontent with Eritrean Government. Little research has been done on Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia. The purpose of this paper is to explore the difficulties facing Eritrean refugees in the Shimelba Refugee Camp in northern Ethiopia. The study explores the refugees’ pre-migration experiences as well as their life difficulties in the refugee camp. Design/methodology/approach This study employed a cross-sectional qualitative approach. Relevant data were collected through personal interviews with a sample of 15 refugees. The study was also supplemented by the researcher’s personal observations regarding the living conditions of the refugees in the camp. Findings Gross human rights violations at home forced the Eritreans to flee in to Ethiopia. Refugees reported their experiences of arrest, torture, and abuse, due to their dissenting political and religious opinions. Moreover, they fled Eritrea to escape harsh compulsory conscription into the Eritrean military service. Unemployment and lack of income were also important push factors. Factors identified as threats to the psychosocial health of refugees at the refugee camp include the feeling of isolation, the absolute uncertainty of the future, fears concerning the safety of the family left behind, the strictness of the structure within the camp, and the fear of health-related problems associated with the limited health care facilities. Research limitations/implications Further research investigating the mental health problems of the refugees employing quantitative methods is needed. Also, research about the potential avenues for ameliorating the challenges faced by these refugees is desirable. Originality/value This paper gives an insight to the situation of Eritrean refugees in Ethiopia, which includes the reasons why they flee Eritrea, their experiences during flight, and the conditions in which Eritrean refugees live in the camp from the point of view of the refugees themselves. Understanding the challenges facing the refugees has implications for how short- and long-term policies can be altered to better serve them.
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Müller, Tanja R. "Universal Rights versus Exclusionary Politics: Aspirations and Despair among Eritrean Refugees in Tel Aviv." Africa Spectrum 50, no. 3 (December 2015): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000203971505000301.

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By investigating contemporary refugees, this paper analyses the contradictory dynamics of a global order whereby universal rights are distributed unequally through nation-state politics. It uses an ethnographic case study of Eritrean refugees in Tel Aviv as its empirical base in order to investigate refugeeness as a condition of everyday life. The paper demonstrates how a repressive environment within Eritrea has made people refugees, and how that condition is being reinforced by the Israeli government's refusal to recognise these refugees as such. It further interrogates the relationship between persecution and belonging that characterises the lives of Eritreans as refugees in Israel. The paper concludes by arguing that being a refugee does not preclude feeling a strong sense of national belonging. Eritrean refugees in Tel Aviv do not aspire to gain cosmopolitan citizenship rights but are driven by the desire to be rightful citizens of Eritrea.
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Riley, Dylan, and Rebecca Jean Emigh. "Post-Colonial Journeys: Historical Roots of Immigration and Integration." Comparative Sociology 1, no. 2 (2002): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913302100418484.

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AbstractThe effect of Italian colonialism on migration to Italy differed according to the pre-colonial social structure, a factor previously neglected by immigration theories. In Eritrea, precolonial Christianity, sharp class distinctions, and a strong state promoted interaction between colonizers and colonized. Eritrean nationalism emerged against Ethiopia; thus, no sharp break between Eritreans and Italians emerged. Two outgrowths of colonialism, the Eritrean national movement and religious ties, facilitate immigration and integration. In contrast, in Somalia, there was no strong state, few class differences, the dominant religion was Islam, and nationalists opposed Italian rule. Consequently, Somali developed few institutional ties to colonial authorities and few institutions provided resources to immigrants. Thus, Somali immigrants are few and are not well integrated into Italian society.
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Mohammad, Abdulkader Saleh. "The Resurgence of Religious and Ethnic Identities among Eritrean Refugees: A Response to the Government’s Nationalist Ideology." Africa Spectrum 56, no. 1 (April 2021): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002039720963287.

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This article explores processes of identity formation in Eritrean diaspora communities that have reverted to subnational patterns of identification grounded in the historical-political crises of their homeland. Refugees from Eritrea’s open-ended national service have ambivalent feelings towards their national identity: on the surface, they stress the cohesiveness of the Eritrean people, but in their daily lives they embrace ethnic or religious communities. I elaborate the dilemmas of identity formation in the transnational space between religious and ethnic affiliations and Eritrean nationalism. I analyse the expansion of ethnolinguistic and regional associations among diaspora communities and discuss their impact on identity formation. I link cleavages along ethnic and religious lines to collective memories and the government’s attempts to eradicate subnational identities. The study is based on long-term participant observation and semi-structured interviews with Eritreans in exile, and engages with relevant bodies of literature discussing identity formation in African and diaspora contexts.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Eritrean"

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De, Siati Ester. "The (Re)Creation of Second-Generation Eritreans’ Identity in Bologna, Italy." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Afrikanska studier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28183.

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The aim of this thesis is analysing the way in which second-generation Eritreans in Bologna re-construct their Eritrean identity. The originality of the thesis is the fact that this type of research has not been done in Bologna yet: Bologna is a multicultural city where its left-wing tradition has appreciated cultural differences differently from other cities in Italy, such as Milan.To reach the aim of the thesis I interviewed some second-generations Eritreans who were born and grew up in Italy. I also used some previous researches that have been conducted in Italy and abroad about the re-creation of second-generation Eritreans’ identity. The whole research is framed in a theoretical framework, which is composed by the definition of four concepts that are useful for the research; these concepts are: culture, identity, nation, and, diaspora.According to this study, there are many ways in which second-generation Eritreans shape their identity in Bologna. The main ways in which second-generation Eritreans shape their Eritrean identity in Bologna are: the encounter with other Eritreans, their parents’ roots, the language, and the holiday trips back to Eritrea.
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Fumba, Mireille Elin, and Amanuel Zegay. "Eritrea, a new commercial hub for international trade? : A case study of the Eritrean Free Zone Authority." Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5790.

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Many people have not even heard about Eritrea and even less about the free zones that is establishing there. The purpose of this thesis is to increase the understanding about the free zones that exits in Eritrea today. The port of Massawa is the one that the focus is upon in our thesis. The reason for the implementation of the free zones is the re-construction of the economy. The country is restoring the economy due to the fact that they had been in war with Ethiopia. Free zones are an established concept that already exists in other country’s for example Djibouti, Dubai, Sudan and so on. The free zones in Eritrea will have to show its forefeet to be competitive.

We want to increase the understanding of the free zones in Eritrea and even increase the understanding for how the strategy and the project are being handled. We will use models and theories to explain how the implementation is being done in the Eritrean free zones. The models that we are going to use, will illustrate how the management can be done. The methodological chapter will describe the approached used during the entire thesis. By collecting various kinds of data, the understanding has increased. We have analyzed all data, concluded the report and offered further recommendations.

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Sebhatleab, Natan. "The Eritrean-Ethiopian Conflict: A Theoretical Analysis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1704.

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This paper examines the Eritrean-Ethiopian border conflict as a modern case study concerning the shortcomings of international law. It examines the history between the two countries and how the conflict emerged despite strong social and cultural ties between the two. After a 30-year long war where Eritrea gained its independence, a brief period of peace was overcome by war and tension. A United Nations (UN) commission tasked with distributing the disputed lands to its rightful owner ruled that the lands belonged to Eritrea and the UN Security Council (UNSC) agreed to enforce this ruling. Ethiopia re-occupied it and the UNSC has yet to act. This essay looks at a range of international legal theories and tries to explain this case using these concepts. These include realism, neo-realism, liberalism, constructivism, and critical legal studies. This paper concludes neo-realism and critical legal studies accurately depict the events. This paper looks at the shared characteristics between these two theories and what they tell us about the status of international law. These findings indicate imbalanced power structures and a world where the powerful can impose their will on the weak with little ramifications.
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Arnone, Anna. "Being Eritrean in Milan : the constitution of identity." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2010. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/2489/.

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The research concerns the Eritrean community resident in Milan where it originated around forty years ago. In this thesis I reflect on how people who migrated from Eritrea at different times, and young people who were born from Eritrean parents in Milan, perceive themselves as a community away from their native country; how they perceive the differences and similarities between each other and those considered to be outside this community; and how the memories of the past are perceived by people with different personal and social histories. Since this research relates to the formation of identities and perceptions of the self among a migrant community, issues are analysed with the awareness that movement, dislocation, and re-location have great impact on the perceptions of home and of the self in cultural, historical and social terms.
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Jeon, Jihwan. "Risks and Livelihood Strategies of Eritrean Urban Refugeesin Khartoum." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507785.

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Kidane, Gerbremariam T. "Assessment of Eritrean rural development projects and their impacts." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53726.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Development, a non-ceasing phenomenon as long as mankind has dwelt on this planet, IS a complex matter which encompasses the three bottom-lines, i.e. social, economic and environmental aspects and aims at improving the quality of life. In fact, development issues are always challenging countries and their leaders as they try to introduce strategies and projects to benefit their rural sector which constitutes, especially in developing countries, most of the population who are living in poverty and continuing to stagger in very destitute level. One of these countries is Eritrea, a nation of which more than 80% live in rural areas and which is rated one of the lowest twenty nations on the human development index (measurement of literacy, health and life expectancy status) as well as the human poverty index of which 53% of the population lived below national poverty line during the period of 1987 to 2000 (UNDP, 2002). This paper is an attempt to discuss rural development and how it is being implemented in relation to Eritrea's reconstructions and rehabilitation efforts that took place after its freedom from foreign occupation. It is an assessment on the rural projects' planning and implementation process, and eventually also looks at the impacts they have on the life of the beneficiaries. As a whole, this research paper consists of an introduction and nine chapters. It can be classified into five parts, i.e. the theoretical literature, the country's status in specific fields, the sample research areas, an overall synthesis and lastly conclusions and recommendations as one part. The theoretical background revolves around rural areas and their reasons for poverty, different development theories within which rural development could be seen as one ingredient, and focuses on participatory rural development where projects can play vital roles in changing life style especially when they are managed in an integrated way touching main areas of need. The second section of the paper is a general overview of the socio-economic status of Eritrea and some of the efforts made by the government. These are mainly the health, education, water supply, agriculture and darn construction projects, accomplished mainly by government in partnership with domestic and foreign NGOs, whereas the same time people contributed mainly in kind. In relation to these five projects the researcher has drawn up questionnaires and personally filled them in five villages, namely Sheeb, Ade-awhi, Korbariaya, Azien and Wara, while at the same time holding discussions with the beneficiaries. In this section the assessment of the people's state and their response in relation to the planning process as well as impacts of the projects on their lives have been made for every village. In other words, the chapter shows the practical data analysis of the research. The next is, in similar form, an overall synthesis of the research. The researcher weighs and analyses the results in relation to planning issues, especially how far the people played a role in participation and the extent of their influence as well as their contentment with the end result in comparison to their expectations. Moreover, it investigates the projects' impact on the environment, and their influence on the socio-economic lives of the beneficiaries, and then sees how the projects have been managed at institutional level and whether the policies that are in effect have direct influence on initiating rural development projects. Finally some conclusions are drawn and recommendations are made that could be a benchmark for further studies and provide impetus to accelerate the present rural development planning and implementation. The researcher may have overlooked some necessary elements or missed some basic factors in dealing the current way of initiating development. But with the resources were available and the time at his disposal, while faced by the limitations explained in the introductory section of the paper, the researcher has made some efforts to highlight his convictions to the best of his academic ability. The sole purpose of his final statements is based on his wish for more rural upliftment and long-term as well as sustainable benefit to the rural people of his country, Eritrea.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ontwikkeling, 'n verskynsel wat nie ophou nie, bestaan al so lank as wat daar lewe op die planeet bestaan. Dit is 'n ingewikkelde saak wat drie aspekte behels: die sosiale, ekonomiese en omgewings aspekte en die doel daarvan is om lewensgehalte te verbeter. Ontwikkelingskwessies stel 'n uitdaging aan die leiers van lande; die regerings moet stategië uitwerk en projekte van stapel stuur wat die landelike sektor sal bevoordeel en veral in ontwikkelende lande, woon die grootste gedeelte van die bevolking op die platteland waar hulle gebuk gaan onder armoede. Eritrea is een van hierdie lande. 80% van die mense van Eritrea woon op die platteland. Etritrea word gereken as een van die twintig onontwikkelste lande op die menslike ontwikkelings indeks (wat geletterdheid, gesondheid en lewensverwagting meet) en ook op die menslike armoede indeks. 53% van die bevolking het vir die tydperk 1987 tot 2000 onder die nasionale armoedelyn geleef (UNDP, 2002). In hierdie studie word landelike ontwikkeling bespreek en hoe dit geïmplementeer is tydens die rekonstruksie en rehabilitasie pogings na die onafhanklikheid van Eritrea. Dit is 'n waardebepaling van die beplanning en implementasie van die landelike projekte en kyk ook na die impak wat dit op die lewens van die landelike bevolking gehad het. In die geheel bestaan hierdie studie uit 'n inleiding en nege hoofstukke. Dit kan in vyf afdelings ingedeel word: teoretiese literatuur, die stand van die land betreffende spesifieke gebiede, die navorsingsgebiede, 'n oorsigtelike sintese en ten laaste die gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings. In die teoretiese agtergrond gaan dit om die landelike gebiede en die redes vir armoede, asook die ontwikkelingsteorië waarin landelike ontwikkeling gesien word as een bestandeel. Dit fokus op deelnemende landelike ontwikkeling waarin projekte 'n belangrike rol kan speel om die lewensgehalte te verbeter, veral as dit bestuur word op 'n geïntegreerde wyse en die grootste behoeftes aanspreek. Die tweede afdeling is 'n algemene oorsig van die sosio-ekonomiese stand van Eritrea en van die regering se pogings om dit te verbeter. Die vyf projekte wat betudeer is, is gemoeid met gesondheid, onderwys, water voorsiening, landbou en die konstruksie van damme. Die regering het hierdie projekte onderneem in vennootskap met plaaslike en buitelandse nie-regerings organisasies (NGOs) maar die bevolking self het ook 'n bydrae gemaak, gewoonlik in die vorm van arbeid. Met betrekking tot hierdie vyf projekte het die navorser vraelyste opgestel en dit persoonlik in die vyf dorpies naamlik Sheeb, Ade-awhi, Korbariaya, Azien en Wara voltooi terwyl hy dan ook besprekings met die bevolking gehou het. In hierdie afdeling word daar vir elke dorpie'n waardebepaling gedoen van die toestand van die mense en hulle reaksie op die beplanningsproses asook die impak van die projek op hulle lewe. Dan volg 'n oorsigtelike sintese van die navorsing. Die navorser weeg die resultate op en analiseer dit veral betreffende beplanning en tot hoe verre die mense self 'n rol gespeel het, hoeveel invloed hulle gehad het en of die resultaat aan hulle verwagtings voldoen. Die studie kyk ook na die impak van die projek op die omgewing en die invloed wat dit gehad het op die sosio-ekonomiese lewens van diegene wat veronderstel is om voordeel daaruit te trek. Daar word gekyk na hoe die projekte op hoër vlak bestuur is en of regeringsbeleid 'n invloed het op die beplanning van landelike ontwikkelingsprojekte. Dan word gevolgtrekkings en aanbeveling gemaak wat tot nut kan wees vir ander navorsers en kan lei tot beter en vinniger beplanning en implementasie van landelike ontwikkelings projekte. Die navorser het dalk per abuis sekere elemente en basiese faktore oorgesien maar met die hulpbronne en tyd tot sy beskikking asook die beperkings wat in die inleiding tot die studie bespreek word, het hy sy oortuigings op skrif gestel tot die beste van sy vermoë. Hy hoop dat sy aanbevelings sal lei tot groter landelike ontwikkeling op die lang termyn en dat die mense van sy land, Eritrea, die volgehoue voordeel sal trek.
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Abdella, Ali Suleman. "An analysis of the Eritrean grade 9 biology textbook." University of the Western Cape, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6594.

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Magister Philosophiae - MPhil
Teachers, during various seminars, workshops and departmental meetings, continuously complained about the inadequacy of the grade 9 biology textbook used in the Eritrean secondary schools. Among others, the teachers concerns has provided a necessary stimulus for embarking on this research which sought to determine the role, quality readability and relevance of the Eritrean grade 9 biology textbook, based on the teachers' and students' perceptions. Interviews, questionnaires, Cloze test and Word Difficulty Index were used to collect the data. The interview and questionnaires provided information on how the textbook was being used by both teachers and students. In addition they provided information about quality of the textbook and its relevance to the daily life experiences of the students. Moreover, Cloze test and Word Difficulty Index provided information on the readability of the textbook. The finding of this study reveals that both teachers and students use the textbook as the major source of information. Also, the factors that determine quality of the textbook were found to be poor except the physical features and organisation. With respect to relevance, very limited attempts were made to link biology to the daily life experiences of the students. The Cloze test and Word Difficulty Index show that the students clearly experience difficulty in understanding what they have read. In conclusion, this study makes some recommendation to writers on how to improve the quality of the textbook. The results obtained in this study are by no means exhaustive. Finally, areas warranting further investigation are suggested.
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Abbay, Futsum Tesfatsion. "The eritrean land tenure system from historical and legal perspectives /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32790.

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A land tenure system is a set of rules which govern social relations between peoples in respect to land. It defines the property rights in land of individuals or groups in a specific locality or society. The property rights, which are in effect bundles of rights, may include the right to use, lease, mortgage, transfer, and so on. The source of these tenurial rules can be either customs or enacted laws. This thesis examines in detail these aspects of land tenure systems in respect to Eritrea, a country situated in the Horn of East Africa. Accordingly, the indigenous systems of land tenure of the country, land reforms introduced by the country's colonizers, and land laws enacted by the country's Government after independence, are discussed and criticized.
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Ogbagzy, Rahel Araya. "The construction of Eritrean women's identity in the Canadian context." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0007/MQ45487.pdf.

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Haggi, Haggi Michael. "The health experiences of Eritrean refugee families in the UK." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.606342.

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Refugees face multiple vulnerabilities during different stages of their migration and settlement. However, the impact of the vulnerabilities on their health experiences remain diverse; also, there is paucity and limitations in application of theoretical concepts in systematically analysing and understanding the empirical evidence that exits on refugee or migrant health. The aim of this interpretive ethnographic study was, therefore, to explore the health experiences Eritrean refugee families in context of their migration journey and settlement in the UK, and consequently contribute to the efforts aimed at understanding and improving health experiences of refugees. The findings of this study are based on thematic analysis, utilizing NVvivo, of narratives of 18 parents, from 11 Eritrean refugee families, living in a Midlands city of England. The narratives were collected (March 2010 to May 2011) through semi -structured in -depth interviews conducted by the insider researcher. Three broad themes emerged from the analysis: The first theme, flight and settlement: implications of 'illegality' and social exclusion, examines how 'illegal' migration status during the course of migration journey, and social exclusion and associated factors during the asylum process in the UK, influenced the experiences, including health experiences, of the Eritrean refugee families. The second theme, refugee families: health implications and adaptation, shows the ingraining of the participants' narratives in their past and present experiences and optimism about their future lives. The third theme, health definition and experiences with healthcare services in the UK, portrays the participants' perceptions and views about health, illness and health services in the UK. Overall, having analysed the health experiences of understudied refugee group based on relevant theory and literature the study contributes to the wider refugee and refugee family health literature. The study also presents recommendations that would help improve health experiences of refugees. ABSTRACT Refugees experience multiple vulnerabilities during
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Books on the topic "Eritrean"

1

Alders, Anne. Eritrean beauty: The wonderful people of Eritrea. [Veenendaal, Netherlands]: PrimaMedia, 2005.

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Abraham, Kinfe. Ethio-Eritrean history and the Ethio-Eritrean war. [Addis Ababa]: jointly published by the Ethiopia International Institute for Peace & Development and HADAD International Lobby, 2004.

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Abraham, Kinfe. Ethio-Eritrean history and the Ethio-Eritrean war. [Addis Ababa]: Ethiopia International Institute for Peace & Development and HADAD International Lobby, 2004.

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Ethio-Eritrean history and the Ethio-Eritrean war. [Addis Ababa]: jointly published by the Ethiopia International Institute for Peace & Development and HADAD International Lobby, 2004.

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Abraham, Kinfe. Ethio-Eritrean history and the Ethio-Eritrean war. [Addis Ababa]: Ethiopia International Institute for Peace & Development and HADAD International Lobby, 2004.

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Plastow, Jane. Three Eritrean plays. Asmara, Eritrea: Hydri Publishers, 2006.

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Berg, Lois Anne. An Eritrean family. Minneapolis, MN: Lerner Publications, 1997.

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ʼEgziʼabḥér, Hānā Gabra. Maʻāzātāt magbi: ʼab ṭeʻuy ʼakāl, ṭeʻuy ʼaʼemero. ʼAśmarā: Bét māh̲etam Kokaba ṣabāḥ zamāh̲ebara ḥawāryāt, 1996.

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Kjetil, Tronvoll, ed. Brothers at war: Making sense of the Eritrean-Ethiopian war. Oxford: J. Currey, 2000.

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Henze, Paul B. Eritrean options and Ethiopia's future. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Eritrean"

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Hepner, Tricia M. Redeker. "Militarization, Generational Conflict, and the Eritrean Refugee Crisis." In African Childhoods, 109–23. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137024701_8.

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Iyob, Ruth. "Madamismo and Beyond: The Construction of Eritrean Women." In Italian Colonialism, 233–44. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-8158-5_21.

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Abbink, Jon. "Law Against Reality? Contextualizing The Ethiopian-Eritrean Border Problem." In The 1998–2000 War between Eritrea and Ethiopia, 141–58. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-683-1_8.

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Massa, Aurora. "Rethinking Kinship, Mobility and Citizenship across the Ethiopian-Eritrean Boundaries." In IMISCOE Research Series, 117–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53331-5_7.

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Moussa, Helene. "Caught between Two Worlds: Eritrean Women Refugees and Voluntary Repatriation." In Disaster and Development in the Horn of Africa, 208–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24257-3_11.

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Guazzini, Federica. "The Eritrean-Ethiopian Boundary Conflict: the Physical Borderand the Human Border." In The 1998–2000 War between Eritrea and Ethiopia, 109–40. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-683-1_7.

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Agier, Michel. "Figures of the Cosmopolitan Condition: The Wanderer, the Outcast, the Foreigner." In IMISCOE Research Series, 167–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67365-9_13.

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AbstractIn this chapter, I go through a series of figures embodying the cosmopolitan condition seen as a banal, everyday experience of migrants in urban borderlands. Using ethnographic accounts of migrants’ itineraries and social encounters, the chapter explores a series of urban spaces which are social “borderlands” and their inhabitants: neighbourhoods, squats, camps. Through stories and descriptions of connections and exploitation, settlement and displacement, it investigates the existence of an everyday or banal cosmopolitism experienced by Sudanese, Eritrean, Sri Lankan, Afghan or German dwellers of Beirut, Paris, Patras, and New York. It describes the cosmopolitan condition in the sense of a lived experience, an experience of sharing the world, no matter how inegalitarian and violent this may be.
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Heilbrunn, Sibylle, and Anna Rosenfeld. "The Story of Jonny, an Eritrean Entrepreneur in Tel Aviv, Israel." In Refugee Entrepreneurship, 101–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92534-9_7.

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Matsuoka, Atsuko, and John Sorenson. "5. Ghosts and Shadows: Memory and Resilience among the Eritrean Diaspora." In Diaspora, Memory, and Identity, edited by Vijay Agnew, 151–70. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442673878-009.

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Abbink, Jon. "Law and Politics in the Ethiopian-Eritrean Border Dispute, 2002–2019." In The 1998–2000 Eritrea-Ethiopia War and Its Aftermath in International Legal Perspective, 171–94. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-439-6_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Eritrean"

1

Mare, Alem, Ilkka Jormanainen, and Matti Tedre. "Eritrean Pre-service Teachers' Perceptions of and Proficiency with TPACK and ICT Integration in Education." In TEEM'19: Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3362789.3362804.

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McManus, Natalie, Carmen Bachofen, Nick Godsey, and Miranda Rakes. "Conservation and Preservation of the African Wild Donkey in Eritrea." In The 3rd Global Virtual Conference of the Youth Environmental Alliance in Higher Education. Michigan Technological University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.yeah-conference/april2021/all-events/35.

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Mutafungwa, Edward, Jyri Hamalainen, Samuel Tewelde, Rediet Kifle, Teklay Tesfazghi, Andres Moreno, Marcus Duveskog, and Ilkka Jormanainen. "A collaborative approach for local training on contemporary mobile technologies in Eritrea." In 2017 IEEE AFRICON. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/afrcon.2017.8095587.

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S. Reynoud, L., Y. Zhou, T. Woldai, P. W. Zeil, and S. D. Barritt. "Integrated interpretation of geodata sets using a GIS: a case study from Asmara, Eritrea." In 54th EAEG Meeting. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201410649.

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Russom, Mulugeta, Katia Verhamme, Leila Karimi, and Hagos Ahmed. "Nature, Magnitude and Risk Factors of Adverse Drug Reactions in Multidrug Resistant TB Patients in Eritrea." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4746.

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Araya, Y. H., and C. Hergarten. "A comparison of pixel and object-based land cover classification: a case study of the Asmara region, Eritrea." In GEO-ENVIRONMENT 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/geo080231.

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Reports on the topic "Eritrean"

1

Woldemicael, Gebremariam. Teenage childbearing and child health in Eritrea. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2005-029.

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Woldemicael, Gebremariam. Women’s status and reproductive preferences in Eritrea. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2007-023.

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Crawford, David. Should the United States Increase its Engagement with Eritrea? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada432733.

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Woldemicael, Gebremariam. Evidence of recent fertility decline in Eritrea: an analysis of trends and determinants. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2005-026.

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Locatelli, Andrea, Tewolde Ghebremeskel, Joseph Keating, and Pedro Carneiro. Do public health interventions crowd out private health investments? Malaria control policies in Eritrea. Institute of Fiscal Studies, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2012.1212.

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Woldemicael, Gebremariam. Do women with higher autonomy seek more maternal and child health-care? Evidence from Ethiopia and Eritrea. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2007-035.

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