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Boukrim, Siham, Abderrahim Lahrach, Abdelbasset Midaoui, et al. "Cartographie De L’erosion Qualitative Des Sols Du Bassin Versant De L’aoudour (Rif-Maroc)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 11 (2016): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n11p295.
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The Aoudour watershed located in the northwest of Morocco and spreads over an area of approximately 1000 km2, and occupying the northeastern part of the Ouergha basin contently experiencing the effects of severe water erosion caused by the interaction of several natural factors such as the amount and aggressiveness of rainfall, plenty of steep slopes, low vegetation density and also the dominance of friable land. The Aoudour watershed also undergoes a human action that makes it very vulnerable to environment erosion, the degradation of the vegetation cover in recent decades and also by poor farming techniques. PAP / RAC is a method of qualitative study of water erosion that can prioritize the surface of a watershed in separate units according to its vulnerability to erosion. The method consists of a descriptive and predictive mapping in relation to the identification; evaluation and integration of basic physical factors such as slope, lithology and / or soils and vegetation cover, with the aim of establish initial assumptions about the risk of erosion. The use of remote sensing and GIS tools enabled us creating and overlying of thematic maps, executing speedily the cartographic works and, processing of databases.
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ALAMOU, Babatoundé Abraham, Ousséni AROUNA, and Joseph OLOUKOI. "Intégration du modèle USLE et du SIG pour l’analyse de l’érosion hydrique dans le bassin de l’Alibori en République du Bénin." Journal of Geospatial Science and Technology 4, no. 1 (2023): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54222/afrigist/jgst/v4i1.3.
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L’érosion hydrique est un phénomène naturel multidimensionnel de dégradation des sols variant dans le temps et dans l’espace mais souvent amplifiée parfois par les actions anthropiques. Elle est manifeste dans le bassin de l’Alibori au Bénin. Cette recherche est basée sur l’utilisation du modèle USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) et des données en accès libre pour cartographier les zones à risque d’érosion. Le croisement de cinq (05) facteurs déterminants tels que la topographie (LS), l’érosivité des pluies (R), l’occupation du sol (C), l’érobilité des sols (K) et les pratiques antiérosives (P), a permis d’identifier quatre (04) niveaux de sévérité de l’érosion hydrique du bassin : faible, modérée, forte et très forte. Entre 1980 et 2020, la moyenne de perte en sol par niveau de sévérité est 52,75 % (faible), 10,13 % (modérée), 20,35 % (forte) et 16,77 % (très forte). Les facteurs d’érosivité des pluies (R) et le couvert végétal (C) ont une influence importante sur l’érosion hydrique dans le bassin de l’Alibori. L’intégration du modèle USLE et du Système d’Information Géographique (SIG) constitue un outil de planification efficace de l’aménagement du bassin.
 
 Water erosion is a multidimensional natural phenomenon of soil degradation varying in time and space but often amplified by anthropogenic actions. It is evident in the Alibori basin in Benin. This study is based on the use of the USLE model (Universal Soil Loss Equation) and open-source data to map areas at risk of erosion. The crossing of five (05) determining factors such as the topography (LS), erosivity of the rains (R), land cover (C), soils erobility of the grounds (K), and the erosion control practices (P) have allowed identifying four (04) levels of water erosion severity of the basin: weak, moderate, strong and very strong. Between 1980 and 2020, the average soil loss per level of erosion severity is 52.75% (low), 10.13% (moderate), 20.35% (high), and 16.77% (very high). Rainfall erosivity factors (R) and vegetation cover (C) have an important influence on water erosion in the Alibori basin. The integration of the USLE model and the Geographic Information System (GIS) constitutes an effective planning tool for the development of the basin
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Muamba Kalenda Bwandamuka, Franco, John Banza Mukalay, Franck Katumbwe Ndandula, et al. "Évaluation du risque d’érosion sur quelques sols de la plaine de Lubumbashi, R.D. Congo." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 5 (2022): 2095–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i5.32.
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Le contrôle de l’érosion hydrique des sols est l’une des préoccupations importantes en agriculture pluviale, notamment sous les climats tropicaux. Dans la plaine de Lubumbashi, deux sites agricoles (ferme Kasapa et le périmètre agroforestier de Mukoma) ont été étudiés en vue d’y évaluer le risque d’érosion hydrique du sol. Des cartes thématiques des différents facteurs d’érosion, tels que décrits dans l’Équation universelle de pertes de sol, ont été intégrées dans un Système d’Information Géographique, permettant ainsi de : (1) démêler leur complexité et leur interdépendance dans l’analyse des risques d’érosion et (2) cerner l’impact et la contribution de chacun d’eux aux pertes en sol. Cette démarche a permis de : (1) hiérarchiser les différentes zones de sites étudiés selon leurs degrés de sensibilité à l’érosion et (2) déterminer le taux d’érosion par le ruissellement en nappe (30,8 t/ha/an en moyenne pour la ferme Kasapa et de 3,6 t/ha/an pour le site de Mukoma). Par ordre d’importance, les facteurs décisifs qui contrôlent l’érosion hydrique dans la plaine de Lubumbashi sont : la pente, l’érodibilité des sols et la couverture végétale.
 The control of soil erosion by water is one of the major concerns in rainfed agriculture, especially in tropical climates. In the plain of Lubumbashi, two agricultural sites (Kasapa farm and the agroforestry perimeter of Mukoma) have been studied to assess the risk of soil erosion. Thematic maps of the various erosion factors, as described in the Universal Soil Losses Equation, were integrated into a Geographic Information System to (1) unravel their complexity and interdependence in the analysis of erosion risks and (2) identify the impact and contribution of each of them to soil losses. This approach allowed us to (1) prioritize the different areas of the studied sites according to their degree of sensitivity to erosion and (2) determine the rate of sheet erosion by runoff (30.8 t/ha/year on average for the Kasapa farm and 3.6 t/ha/year for the Mukoma site). In order of importance, the decisive factors that control water erosion in the Lubumbashi plain are: slope, soil erodibility and vegetation cover.
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Bonnamour, Jacqueline. "Structures agraires et érosion des sols (Rural structures and soil erosion)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 69, no. 2 (1992): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1992.1615.
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Ouakhir, Hassan, Nadia Ennaji, Mohamed El Ghachi, and Mimoune Goumih. "La Réalisation d’Un Modèle Numérique du Terrain pour l’Etude de la Dynamique de l’Erosion Hydrique dans une Section Fluviale en Amont du Barrage de Bin El Ouidane (2016-2017)-(Haut Atlas/ Maroc)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 27 (2023): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n27p357.
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Au Maroc, l’érosion est l'un des phénomènes qui entrave le développement économique et social en général, et agricole en particulier, des zones de montagnes. L'analyse des problèmes de l'érosion hydrique à l'échelle nationale, montre que 12,5 millions d'hectares de terres de culture et de parcours, sont réellement menacées par l'érosion. Sa localisation entre la Méditerranée au Nord, l’océan Atlantique à l’Ouest, le Sahara au Sud et au Sud-Est et sa nature orographique particulière, lui confère une diversité climatique et écologique remarquable. Situé dans le Haut-Atlas Central Marocain, le bassin versant de l’Oued El Abid, évolue dans un contexte climatique méditerranéen semi- aride, avec une pluviométrie très variable dans le temps et dans l’espace. Les versants exposés aux perturbations océaniques d’ouest sont bien arrosés, tandis que ceux faisant face à l’Est sont plus secs. Les écoulements sont montagnards, avec un caractère torrentiel. L’occupation des sols est représentée essentiellement par la céréaliculture, avec très peu d’arboriculture qui est pratiquée par les populations locales sur les terrasses fluviales de fonds de ce bassin. Les sols sont de plus en plus dégradés, et la mise en place des accumulations sédimentaires issues de l’érosion, conduisent à l’envasement du barrage de Bin El Ouidane. Cet envasement est le résultat de l’érosion des sols, le sapement et l’incision des berges de l’oued El Abid. Durant les périodes de crues, ce barrage s’envase par les courants de densité. La méthodologie adoptée dans cet article concentre sur la réalisation de deux modèles numériques de terrain pour deux compagnes (2016 et 2017), avec une résolution liée à la qualité des mesures, dont la marge d’erreur ne dépasse pas quelques centimètres. Cet article vise à comparer les résultats du processus de l’érosion hydrique de deux modèles réalisés (2016 et 2017), suivre leur évolution, et établir les bilans de la dynamique dans la section étudiée. Cette approche utilisée a permis, la caractérisation de l’état des surfaces, la variation temporelle des facteurs influençant l’érosion fluviale dans l’aval de l’Oued El Abid et de comprendre enfin, les processus de l’érosion hydrique et son influence directe sur la retenue de Bin El Ouidane en aval. Les résultats obtenus permettent l’identification des secteurs à l’échelle du bassin où les interventions sont nécessaires pour limiter les processus de dégradation des sols.
 
 In Morocco, erosion is one of the phenomena that influence economic and social development generally, and agricultural development particularly in mountainous areas. Analyzing the problems of water erosion at national scale, shows that 12.5 million hectares of land uses and pastures, are really threatened by erosion. Its location between the Mediterranean region in the North, the Atlantic Ocean in the West, the Sahara in the South and South-East and its orographic nature, makes it remarkable ecological diversity and climatic characteristics. El Abid basin is mountainous area, situated in the Moroccan High Atlas, and is extending over semi-arid Mediterranean climate, with rainfall that varies greatly in time and space. The slopes exposed to ocean disturbances from the west are well wetting, while those facing to the east are drier. The flow is mountainous, with a torrential character. Land use is mainly represented by cereal cultivation, with very arboriculture which is practiced by local populations on the river terraces in the middle of El Abid basin. The soils are degraded and contributed to sedimentary accumulations resulting from erosion which led to the siltation of Bin El Ouidane dam. This siltation is the result of soil erosion, and the incision of the banks of El Abid river. During flush flood events, this dam is silted up by suspended sediment transport. The adopted methodology focuses on the realization a Digital Elevation Model (DEM)”, for two companions (2016 and 2017), with high spatial resolution, that is to say with resolutions of a few centimeters to a few meters and with restitution qualities in Z (elevation). The main objective of this article is to analyze the river dynamic results of these the two DEM at 2016 and 2017, comparing the dynamic, following their evolution, and establishing erosion balances at the studied section, when a centimeter precision is required. This used approach allowed to characterize the surface state and the temporal variation of the factors influencing fluvial erosion in El Abid basin. finally understanding, the processes of fluvial dynamics and its impact on Bin El Ouidane dam. The obtained results allow the identification of space at the basin scale where the interventions are necessary to limit the processes of soil degradation.
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Youssef, El-Arbi Ait Yacine, Brahim Benzougagh, Laila Nassiri, and Jamal Ibijbijen. "Evaluation Des Risques D’érosion Hydrique Et Cartographie Des Zones Vulnérables Par La Méthode RUSLE Couplée Aux SIG Et À La Télédétection Dans Le Bassin Versant d’Agoudal En Amont De La Vallée d’Imilchil (Haut Atlas Central, Maroc)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 17, no. 21 (2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n21p66.
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Le sous-bassin versant (SBV) d’Agoudal est la partie amont de la vallée d’Imilchil relevant de la province de Midelt et la région de Draa-Tafilalet au Sud-Est du Maroc. Il s’étale sur la tranche altitudinale asylvatique du Haut Atlas central, allant de 2400 à plus de 3150 m. Ce sont des écosystèmes fragiles dont les sols sont peu arables et peu protégés, à haut risques d’érosion. Ils sont dans un stade très avancé de dégradation, sous l’effet de l’action de l’Homme, des facteurs écologiques, aggravés par les changements climatiques. L’objectif principal de cette recherche est d’évaluer le degré de sensibilité de la zone d’étude vis-à-vis de l’érosion hydrique et de cartographier les zones vulnérables prioritaires pour d’éventuelles interventions d’atténuation. La méthode utilisée s’est basée sur l’Équation Universelle Révisée des Pertes en sols (RUSLE) en intégrant les différents facteurs causaux de ladite équation dans le Systèmes d’Information Géographique (SIG) et en se servant des données officielles (cartes géologiques et topographiques de la zone d’études, données climatiques, les études sur l’érosion réalisées par les départements étatiques concernés) et la télédétection, validées par les réalités de terrain. Les résultats dégagés montrent que la quasi-totalité de ce bassin est soumis à une forte dégradation des sols ; en effet près de 66% de la superficie de la zone d’étude est couverte par les classes de dégradation spécifique de 50 à 400 t/ha/an et 18.9% affiche des taux faibles à moyens allant de 7,4 à 32,17 t/ha/an. Seulement 1,4% du SVB est soumise à des taux de dégradation spécifique inférieurs à 7,4 t/ha/an. La valeur moyenne du taux d’érosion est de 255t/h/an, avec un écart type de près 285 t/an/ha, dû l’hétérogénéité des caractéristiques du milieu et de ses conditions. Ces chiffres attestent que cette région est soumise aux hauts risques d’érosion. Ce phénomène ajouté aux inondations récurrentes, constituent la principale menace qui met en péril l’agriculture vivrière de cette zone, ce qui donne le signal d’alarme pour intervention de mitigation urgente.
 The Agoudal sub-basin is the upstream part of the Assif Melloul watershed in the Imilchil valley belonging to the province of Midelt and the region of Draa-Tafilalet in south-eastern Morocco. It is located on the Asylvatic altitudinal slice of the Central High Atlas, ranging from 2400 to more than 3150 m. These are fragile ecosystems with poor arable land that are poorly protected, with a high risk of erosion. They are in fact in their advanced stage of degradation due to human activities and ecological factors aggravated by climate change. This paper focuses on assessing the degree of sensitivity of this area to water erosion, and it aims to map priority vulnerable areas for any future mitigation intervention. The method was based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) by integrating the causal factors of this equation in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and by using remote sensing data validated based on official data (geological maps and topography of the study area, climatic data, studies on erosion carried out by the state departments concerned) and remote sensing (validated by the realities on the ground). The results show that almost all the watershed is subject to severe soil degradation due to water erosion. In fact, nearly 66% of its area is covered by specific degradation classes of 50 to 400 t / ha / year, and 18.9% of the area displays low and medium erosion rates. Only 1.4% of the study area is subject to specific degradation rates less than 7.4 t / ha / year. The average erosion rate is 255 t / h / year, with a standard deviation of 285 t / year / ha, mainly due to the heterogeneity of the characteristics and its conditions. These figures show that this region is subject to high risks of erosion. This phenomenon, along with recurrent floods, constitutes the main threat that is endangering subsistence agriculture, which gives the alarm signal for urgent mitigation intervention.
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MOUSSEBBIH, A., M. SOUISSI, A. LARABI, and M. FAOUZI. "Évaluation et cartographie de l’érosion hydrique moyennant des modèles empiriques dans le bassin versant de l’oued Bouregreg (Maroc)." Techniques Sciences Méthodes 11 (November 20, 2019): 67–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/201911067.
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L’érosion des sols et le transport solide sont des causes de perte de capacité de stockage des barrages. Il est important d’identifier et de cartographier les sous-bassins contribuant le plus à l’envasement. Le bassin versant de l’oued Bouregreg a été choisi pour exemple, car le barrage Sidi Mohammed ben Abdellah (SMBA) situé à l’aval s’envase. Les modèles utilisés, RUSLE (équation universelle révisée des pertes de sol) et MUSLE (équation universelle des pertes de sol modifiée par Williams), sont empiriques et bien connus. Ils permettent la réalisation d’une cartographie thématique facilitée par l’utilisation de systèmes d’information géographique. À l’issue de cette analyse, les sous-bassins générant une forte érosion seront clairement mis en évidence pour que des mesures correctives y soient mises en œuvre.
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Larue, Jean-Pierre. "Erosion des sols cultivés : fatalité ou responsabilité humaine. L'exemple du vallon de Pescheray (Breil/Mérize, Sarthe)." Norois 151, no. 1 (1991): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/noroi.1991.6373.
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Kassou, Amina, Narjisse Essahlaoui, Yassin Azzi, and Ali Essahlaoui. "Quantification de l’Érosion Hydrique au Niveau du Bassin Versant à l’Amont du Barrage Hassan II, Haute Moulouya, Maroc, par l’Équation Universelle de Perte en Sol." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 9 (2023): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n9p284.
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L'érosion hydrique et l'envasement des barrages au Maroc sont des problèmes environnementaux importants qui ont des conséquences négatives sur les ressources en eau et l'agriculture du pays. L’érosion est causée par plusieurs facteurs, tant naturelles qu'anthropiques, notamment l'agriculture intensive, la surexploitation des terres et les changements climatiques. Elle entraîne la dégradation de la qualité des sols, la perte de fertilité et la diminution de la productivité agricole. L'envasement des barrages est également un problème majeur environnemental important. Les barrages sont essentiels pour la gestion des ressources en eau et pour la fourniture d'eau pour l'agriculture et la consommation humaine. Cependant, l'envasement des barrages diminue leur capacité de stockage et peut causer des problèmes de sécurité hydrique. Le bassin versant de la Haute Moulouya situé à l’amont du barrage Hassan II, s’étend sur une surface de 3379 km² et un périmètre de 512 km. L‘objectif principal du présent travail est d’estimer les pertes en sol au niveau du bassin versant à l’amont du barrage Hassan II (Haute Moulouya, Maroc). La méthodologie adoptée est basée sur l’établissement des principales cartes thématiques permettant d’estimer les pertes en sol en utilisant le modèle de Wischmeier et de cartographier les zones vulnérables à l‘érosion. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le facteur d’érosivité (R) est en moyenne de 72,15 avec une valeur maximale de 99,16. Quant au facteur d’érodibilité des sols (K), il varie de 0,1 à 0,45 avec une moyenne de 0,27. Le facteur topographique (LS) varie de 0 à 322. Concernant le couvert végétal (C), On note une protection faible du sol à l’échelle du bassin. En effet, seulement 16,3% de la superficie du bassin versant se caractérise par une bonne protection de sol avec un facteur C inférieur à 0,01. L’étude a montré que la perte en sol moyenne du bassin est évaluée à 9,12t/ha/an, avec 11,24% de la superficie totale du bassin. Cette valeur correspond à une érosion moyennement faible. En plus, 82,7% de superficie du bassin versant est protégée contre l’érosion, où les pertes en sols sont inférieures à 7t/ha/an (le seuil de tolérance). La superficie soumise à de forte érosion de plus de 28t/ha/an, soit 6,5% de la superficie totale, est en grande partie très accidentée à forte pente avec un réseau hydrographique dense. Par conséquent, la topographie et le réseau hydrographique constituent les principaux facteurs explicatifs de la perte en sol.
 
 In Morocco, Water erosion and siltation of dams are significant environmental issues that have negative consequences on the country's water resources and agriculture. Erosion is caused by several factors, both natural and anthropogenic, including intensive agriculture, overuse of land, and climate change. It leads to the degradation of soil quality, loss of fertility, and reduced agricultural productivity. The siltation of dams is also a major environmental problem. Dams are essential for the management of water resources and for the supply of water for agriculture and human consumption. However, the siltation of dams decreases their storage capacity and can cause water security problems. The Upper Moulouya watershed located upstream of the Hassan II dam covers an area of 3379 km² and a perimeter of 512 km. The main objective of the present work is to estimate the soil losses in the watershed upstream of the Hassan II dam (Upper Moulouya, Morocco). The methodology adopted is based on the establishment of the main thematic maps allowing to estimate of the soil losses using the Wischmeier model and mapping the areas vulnerable to erosion. The results obtained show that the erosivity factor (R) is on average 72,15 with a maximum value of 99,16. As for the soil erodibility factor (K), it varies from 0,1 to 0,45 with an average of 0.27. The topographic factor (LS) varies from 0 to 322. Concerning the vegetation cover (C), There is low soil protection in the basin. Indeed, only 16,3% of the watershed area is characterized by good soil protection with a C factor lower than 0,01. The study showed that the average soil loss in the basin is estimated at 9,12t/ha/year, with 11,24% of the total basin area. This value corresponds to a medium-low erosion. In addition, 82,7% of the watershed area is protected against erosion, where soil losses are lower than 7t/ha/year (the tolerance threshold). The area subject to high erosion of more than 28t/ha/year, corresponding to 6,5% of the total area, is largely very hilly with a steep slope and a dense hydrographic network. Therefore, the topography and the hydrographic network are the main explanatory factors of soil loss.
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Hegde, Manasa, Marta Mroczkowska, Joseph Mohan, et al. "Influence of Physical and Mechanical Parameters on Cavitation Erosion and Antifouling Behaviour of Multilayer Silica-Based Hybrid Sol–Gel Coatings on Aluminium Alloys." Eng 4, no. 2 (2023): 1393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/eng4020081.
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Sol–gel coatings can provide anti-fouling and erosion resistance while being safe to use in the marine environment. MAPTMS/ZPO multilayer coatings deposited on the AA2024-T3 aluminium surface using the dip-coating method at three different thicknesses (2, 4, and 6 µm) are investigated in this work. The coatings are characterised in terms of physical and mechanical properties, and these properties are investigated in comparison to previously obtained cavitation erosion resistance levels of the coatings. Additionally, the efficiency of the coatings against biofouling was assessed using Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a marine diatom. The influence of the formation of organic–inorganic hybrid materials (OIHMs) from the prepared sols on the physical and mechanical properties of the coatings were analysed. A variety of techniques, including attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), water contact angle (WCA) measurements, pencil hardness testing, cross-cut adhesion testing, a roughness profilometer, and nano-indentation, were performed on the bare and coated substrates. The results indicated that the thickness, hydrophobicity, and adherence of the coatings are strongly affected by the roughness. The elastic strain failure (H/E) and resistance to plastic deformation (H3/E2) coefficients were higher than those of the bare substrate before and after the cavitation erosion test, indicating that the coating had a higher ability to withstand deformation in comparison to the substrate alone. Furthermore, the microscopic analysis of a marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, revealed that coated surfaces exhibited a decreased rate of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. The data show that sol–gel formed coatings outperform uncoated AA2024-T3 in terms of hardness, elastic strain, plastic deformation, and biofouling resistance. These characteristics are attributed to the coatings’ mechanical and adhesive capabilities, as well as their tribological behaviour.
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Ferreira, Antonio de brum, D. B. Ferreira, C. R. Machado, et al. "L'érosion des sols et l'intervention de l'homme dans le Portugal méditerranéen (Soil erosion and human intervention in mediterranean Portugal)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 70, no. 5 (1993): 448–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1993.1712.
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Coudé-Gaussen, G., Y. Poncet, P. Rognon, and M. C. Davy. "Evaluation of aeolian erosion by mapping of soil and vegetation in the Sahel: The STARS experiment at Tillabéri (Niger)." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 37, no. 4 (1993): 403–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/37/1993/403.
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El Bakkari, Mohamed. "Évolution de la sante vegetale et impacts de l’erosion dans la region d’Oueltana Amont (Maroc): Une analyse basee sur l’indice NDVI." Revista de Estudios Andaluces, no. 49 (2025): 112–19. https://doi.org/10.12795/rea.2025.i49.06.
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L’article explore l’évolution de la santé végétale dans la région d’Oueltana amont à travers l’analyse de l’indice de végétation normalisé (NDVI) entre 1984 et 2016. L’indice NDVI, calculé à partir des images satellites, montre une tendance générale à la régression de l’activité végétale malgré des fluctuations saisonnières et annuelles. Cette dégradation est principalement attribuée à la surexploitation des forêts et aux pratiques agricoles non durables telles que le défrichement et le surpâturage. L’érosion hydrique, exacerbée par la diminution du couvert végétal, est identifiée comme une conséquence majeure de ces activités humaines. Les terrains très accidentés de la région sont particulièrement vulnérables à ce phénomène, affectant la fertilité des sols et la qualité de l’eau. Les pratiques agricoles inadaptées, telles que le labour intensif et la jachère, aggravent encore ce problème en réduisant l’infiltration et en augmentant le ruissellement. Les agriculteurs locaux ont adopté des stratégies d’adaptation, telles que la culture d’arbres fruitiers et la construction de terrasses, pour atténuer les effets de l’érosion et améliorer la gestion des ressources en eau. Cependant, ces efforts sont confrontés à des défis tels que le coût élevé d’entretien et la déprise rurale, limitant leur efficacité à long terme. L’article met en lumière l’importance de politiques et de pratiques agricoles durables pour préserver la santé écologique de la région, soulignant la nécessité d’une gestion intégrée des ressources naturelles et d’une participation communautaire accrue pour renforcer la résilience face aux défis environnementaux croissants.
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Modeste, Meliho, Khattabi Abdellatif, Mhammdi Nadia, and Hongming Zhang. "Cartographie Des Risques De L’erosion Hydrique Par L’equation Universelle Revisee Des Pertes En Sols, La Teledetection Et Les Sig Dans Le Bassin Versant De L’ourika (Haut Atlas, Maroc)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 32 (2016): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n32p277.
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Covering an area of 576 square kilometers, the Ourika watershed is a sub-watershed of the large Tensift basin, located on the northwest slopes of the Marrakech High Atlas, in mid-west Morocco. This basin of dramatic topography, with sparse vegetation cover and friable substrates, is under increasing human action exacerbated by a variable and changing climate. Its vulnerability to water erosion is quite high, increasing risks of wadi flows with significant sediment loads. The aim of this work was to quantify soil loss in the basin using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographic Information System. The results showed that the Ourika watershed was subject to strong climatic aggressiveness ranging from 55.22 to 100.57 MJ.mm/ha.h. The average soil erodibility value, K, was 0.48 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm, with a standard deviation of 0.28 t.ha.h/ha.MJ.mm. Slopes with values higher than 35% represented 72% of the watershed’s area, with the topographic factor, LS, values ranging from 0.01 to 94.5. The vegetation factor was high throughout the Ourika watershed while C values were higher than 0.5 for 73% of the watershed’s area. The average soil loss obtained in the basin was 380 t/ha/year. These results indicated that 48% of the watershed’s area was subject to a soil loss between 50-400 t/ha/year, and between 400 and 1000 t/ha/year for 30% of the watershed. Soil loss below the tolerance level (<7 t/ha/year) represented only 4% of the watershed area. These findings served in highlighting the significance of erosion in the Ourika watershed.
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Alaigba, Deborah, Ayila Adzandeh, and Emmanuel Osolase. "Application of AHP and Geospatial Techniques for Evaluating Gully Erosion Vulnerability in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria." Journal of Geospatial Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54222/afrigist/jgst/v2i1.1.
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Gully erosion remains a major threat to the people of Benin City. This study applies Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) and geospatial techniques to evaluate vulnerability to gully erosion in Benin City, Nigeria. Five essential criteria were identified based on literature, and evaluation by experts. Pairwise Comparison Matrix (PCM) was obtained and weights for each of the PCM were determined using AHP. The consistency of generated weights obtained is not above 0.07. The method resulted in a gully erosion vulnerability model. Analysis of the model revealed that 52.1% (488.69Km2) of the area is vulnerable to gully erosion, while 3.4% (32.37 Km2) was found to be highly vulnerable to gully erosion. Fieldwork was conducted to establish the people’s perception and identify the causes and control measures for the gully erosion problem in the area. Findings on the major contributing factor that leads to the gully erosion formation showed that lack of drainage system accounts for 56.25%, improper land use practice account for 25%, and bad road construction (18.75%). About 50% of the respondents are of the view that an adequate drainage system would go a long way to mitigate the gully erosion. This present study has provided information on the state of gully erosion vulnerability in Benin City through mapping of vulnerable areas. L’APPLICATION DES TECHNIQUES PHA ET GEOSPATIALES POUR L'EVALUATION DE LA VULNERABILITE A L'EROSION DES RAVINS DANS LA VILLE DE BENIN, DANS L’ETAT D’EDO, AU NIGERIA.Cet article a évalué l'érosion des ravins à l'aide des méthodes de télédétection et de SIG ainsi que la méthode du processus hiérarchique analytique (PHA) pour déterminer les zones vulnérables et sensibles à l'érosion en ravins et analyser qualitativement la perception des habitants de ladite ville, leurs mécanismes d'adaptation à l'érosion du ravin (et leurs facteurs causatifs) dans la ville de Benin. Cinq critères essentiels (la Lithologie, l’Utilisation des terres/Couverture des terres, la Densité de drainage (DD), les Pentes et sols) ont été identifiés sur la base de la littérature. La méthode du processus hiérarchique analytique (PHA) a étéutilisé pour déterminer les poids pour chacune des matrices de comparaison par paires. La cohérence des poids générés n’était pas supérieure à 0,07 reflétant ainsi, un résultat valide. Un travail de terrain a également été mené pour établir la perception des gens et identifier les causes et les mesures de contrôle du problème d'érosion en ravins dans la région, 100 questionnaires ont été distribués en utilisant des méthodes d'échantillonnage systématique aux habitants autour des sites de ravins identifiés. Le modèle de vulnérabilité à l'érosion en ravins développé dans cette étude a révélé que jusqu'à 44,4% de la superficie totale étaittrès vulnérable à l'érosion en ravins, 52,1% (488,69Km2) de la zone est vulnérable à l'érosion en ravins, tandis que 3,4% (32,37 km2) s'est avéré moins vulnérable à l'érosion en ravins. Les résultats sur le principal facteur contributif qui conduit à la formation d'érosion en ravine ont montré que le manque de système de drainage représente 56,25%, les pratiques inappropriées d'utilisation des terres représentent 25 % et la mauvaise construction des routes (18,75 %). Environ 50 % des répondants sont d'avis qu'un système de drainage adéquat contribuerait grandement à atténuer l'érosion des ravins. Cette étude a fourni desinformations sur l'état de vulnérabilité à l'érosion des ravins dans la ville de Bénin par la cartographie des zones vulnérables et nous recommandons que la planification et le développement urbain dans la ville de Benin soient basés sur la prise de décisionéclairée, nous recommandons également la construction de systèmes de drainage appropriés et efficaces et nous suggérons que des pratiques collaboratives et intégrées d'utilisation des terres soient maintenues dans la ville de Bénin. Mots clés: Techniques géospatiales, Érosion en ravins, PHA, vulnérabilité
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Dufour, Jeanne, Jacques Gravier, and Jean-Pierre Larue. "Fortes pluies et érosion des sols. L'orage de mai 1988 dans la Sarthe (Heavy rains and soil erosion in the Sarthe, France)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 67, no. 2 (1990): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1990.1526.
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Oliveira, José Guilherme de, Alexei Nowatzki, and Leonardo José Cordeiro Santos. "UTILIZAÇÃO DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS NO MAPEAMENTO DE SUSCETIBILIDADE EROSIVA NA ÁREA RURAL DO MUNICÍPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR." Revista Cerrados 15, no. 02 (2020): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22238/rc24482692v15n22017p201a219.
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A região noroeste do estado do Paraná ao longo dos últimos 50 anos vem sofrendo diversos impactos decorrentes de processos erosivos lineares, ravinas e voçorocas principalmente. A ocorrência desses processos está associada a dois fatores: o histórico de ocupação da região, bem como as características pedológicas locais, principalmente a textura dos solos e sua distribuição nas vertentes. O método adotado para o mapeamento de suscetibilidade é uma adaptação do proposto por Crepani et al. (2001). Esse autor define que a suscetibilidade de uma área é definida pela soma das vulnerabilidades dos componentes do meio físico. Para a realização do trabalho foram selecionados os atributos topográficos declividade e perfil de curvatura; na pedologia, as tipologias de solo. Os resultados foram discretizados em 5 classes: Muito baixa, baixa, média, alta e muito alta suscetibilidade. As áreas de suscetibilidade a erosão Alta e Muito alta, representam 24% do município, sendo que nessas porções se concentram 26% das erosões, o tipo de solo em conjunto com as características topográficas fazem essa área mais propicia naturalmente a ocorrência dos processos erosivos. A classe de moderada suscetibilidade a erosão representam cerca de 40% do município e 54% das feições erosivas se concentra nessa unidade.
 Palavras-chave: Erosão; Modelo Digital de Terreno; Álgebra de Mapas.
 
 USE OF TOPOGRAPHIC ATTRIBUTES IN THE EROSIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING IN THE RURAL AREA OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF PARANAVAÍ – PR
 Abstract
 The northwest region of the state of Paraná over the last 50 years has suffered several impacts and consequences of linear erosives, ravines and gullies mainly. The occurrence of these processes is mainly associated with two factors: the occupation history of the region, as well as local soil characteristics, mainly the soil texture and a distribution of soils along the slopes. The methodology adopted for the mapping of susceptibility to erosion follows a line of thought developed by Crepani et al. (2001). This proposal defines that the vulnerability of an area is defined by the sum of the vulnerabilities of the components of the physical environment. For the accomplishment of the methodology were selected, to represent the geomorphology, the topographic attributes: slope, curvature plane and profile; for pedology, soil typologies were selected. The results were discretized in 5 classes, from environments less susceptible to the most susceptible. The areas of susceptibility to erosion High and Very high, summed represent 24% of the municipality, being that in these portions it concentrates 26% of the area of the erosions, once in these areas the type of soil together with the topographic characteristics make it more propitious to the occurrence of linear erosive processes.The moderate susceptibility to erosion class represent about 40% of the municipality and 54% of the area of erosive features is concentrated in this unit.
 Keywords: Erosions; Digital Terrain Model; Map Algebra.
 
 UTILIZACIÓN DE ATRIBUTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS EN EL MAPEO DE SUSCEPTIBILIDAD EROSIVA EN EL ÁREA RURAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE PARANAVAÍ – PR
 Resumen
 La región noroeste del estado de Paraná en los últimos 50 años viene sufriendo impactos producto de procesos erosivos lineales, regueros y cárcavas principalmente. La ocurrencia de estos procesos está asociada a dos factores: el modo de ocupación de la región y las características pedológicas locales, principalmente la textura de los suelos y su distribución en las vertientes. El método adoptado para el mapeo de susceptibilidad es una adaptación del propuesto por Crepani et al. (2001). Este autor especifica que la susceptibilidad de un área está definida por la suma de las vulnerabilidades de los componentes del medio físico. Para realizar este trabajo fueron seleccionados los atributos topográficos declividad y perfil de curvatura; en la pedología, las tipologías de suelo. Los resultados fueron representados en 5 clases: muy baja, baja, media, alta y muy alta susceptibilidad. Las áreas de susceptibilidad a erosión alta y muy alta, representan el 24% del municipio, sumado a ello en esas porciones se concentran el 26% de las erosiones, por lo tanto el tipo de suelo en conjunto con las características topográficas hacen de esas áreas las más propicias naturalmente a la ocurrencia de procesos erosivos. La clase de moderada susceptibilidad a erosión representa cerca del 40% del municipio y el 54% de los rasgos erosivos se concentran en esa unidad.
 Palabras claves: Erosión; Modelo Digital del Terreno; Álgebra del Mapas.
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Benaissa, Mohamed, Jaouad Gartet, Fouad Sahi, and Mustapha Hamdach. "Cartographie et l’évaluation de l’érosion hydrique dans le bassin versant de l’Ouèd Bou Lajraf (BV de l’Ouèd Inaouène) à l’aide du modèle PAP/CAR et des outils SIG." Revista de Estudios Andaluces, no. 49 (2025): 228–56. https://doi.org/10.12795/rea.2025.i49.12.
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L’étude de l’érosion hydrique dans les sous bassins versants d’Inaouène représente un phénomène dynamique au fil du temps, avec le changement d’un ou plusieurs facteurs responsables. Dans le bassin versant Bou Lajraf qui représente un sous bassin versant d’Inaouène, la fragilité des sols, les pentes élevées et la succession des années sèches favorisent de plus l’exposition des versants vers la dégradation de la couche superficielle, plus particulièrement dans la partie amont du BV. Utilisation de l’approche PAP/CAR pour une étude descriptive de l’érosion hydrique dans le BV Bou Lajraf fournira une connaissance géomorphologique de l’état des versants. La méthode d’approche adoptée, basée sur l’observation systématique de divers phénomènes sur le terrain. Ainsi pour chaque type de milieu défini composant le bassin versant, nous avons relevé toutes les manifestations morphogéniques. Les interprétations sont basées sur l’analyse des éléments du milieu physique et humain (modes d’exploitation du sol). L’analyse qualitative de l’érosion hydrique dans le bassin versant Bou Lajraf par la méthode PAP/CAR, permis de donner des résultats sur la situation géomorphologique de la surface au niveau de l’érosion hydrique. L’approche prédictive montre que 75% du BV présentent un état érosif élevé et très élevé. La fragilité des matériaux et leur sensibilité à l’érosion hydrique revêtent d’autant plus d’importance que la plupart des terrains sont dénudés et directement exposés aux effets morphogéniques des évènements pluviométriques.
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Nyamungu, Pascaline, Jean-Paul Massampu Mambote, Jeancy Ntuka Luta, et al. "Cartographie des zones touchées par l'érosion du sol et son évolution dans la cité de Muanda (quartiers Malamba-Bendo, Océan et Vulumba) en République Démocratique du Congo, de 1985 à 2024." Revue Africaine d’Environnement et d’Agriculture 7, no. 4 (2025): 129–35. https://doi.org/10.4314/rafea.v7i4.13.
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Description du sujet: Muanda est une ville de la province du Kongo-Central en République Démocratique du Congo qui est confrontée à des érosions rapides des sols et des côtes, exacerbée par l'urbanisation désordonnée, la déforestation et le manque d'infrastructures de drainage. Ces phénomènes mettent en péril les formes de vie locales, les écosystèmes et les infrastructures.Objectif: L'objectif de cette étude est d'identifier et de représenter géographiquement les zones exposées à l'érosion du sol et d'évaluer son évolution temporelle entre 1985 et 2024 afin de mieux planifier la gestion du sol dans la cité de Muanda.Méthode: Des données qualitatives et quantitatives ont été utilisées dans une approche multi-procédurale. L'étude repose sur une revue de la littérature, des observations de terrain et des données issues de prélèvements sur le terrain. Elle intègre également l'utilisation d'images satellitaires provenant de bases de données existantes pour identifier et analyser les zones sensibles à l'érosion du sol. La numérisation des limites géomorphologiques des zones d'érosion a été réalisée à partir de travaux de photo-interprétation d'images aériennes (Landsat, Sentinel et autres) dans un Système d’Information Géographique (SIG). L'analyse a été effectuée en deux dimensions (2D), avec une échelle définie, permettant une interprétation précise de ces zones. Le processus a été exécuté à l'aide du logiciel ArcGIS (version 10.2), dans une classe d’entités (feature class) intégrée à une géodatabase fichier (file geodatabase).Résultats: Les résultats ont révélé que les quartiers Malamba-Bendo et Océan subissent des phénomènes rapides d'érosion du sol en raison de la nature du sol dominée par le sable, ce qui les rend vulnérables au ravinement. Les dommages causés par les pluies sur une vaste surface dans la ville de Moanda sont rapidement transformés par des érosions urbaines. L'étude démontre une forte évolution des érosions dans les quartiers étudiés au cours des années 1985-2024. Il ressort que pour le quartier Malamba-Bendo 1 à 4,5 ha, Océan 0,57 à 7 ha et Vulumba 0,38 à 6,1 ha.Conclusion: La reforestation, l'aménagement de canaux de drainage et une planification urbaine améliorée sont des mesures essentielles pour ralentir ce phénomène et préserver les populations locales. Une cartographie détaillée des zones d'érosion serait bénéfique pour les futures études sur l'érosion à Muanda. Cela permettrait de mieux cibler les interventions et de suivre leur évolution dans le temps. Par ailleurs, il serait intéressant d'inclure des études sur les causes anthropiques et naturelles de l'érosion afin de développer des stratégies de gestion adaptées. De plus, il serait important d'impliquer les communautés locales dans la planification et la réalisation des projets afin d'assurer leur efficacité et leur durabilité. English title: Mapping of areas affected by soil erosion and its evolution in the city of Muanda (Malamba-Bendo, Océan and Vulumba districts) in the Democratic Republic of Congo, from 1985 to 2024 Subject description: Muanda is a city in the province of Kongo-Central in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, facing rapid soil and coastal erosion, exacerbated by haphazard urbanization, deforestation and lack of drainage infrastructure. These phenomena threaten local lifestyles, ecosystems and infrastructures. Objective. The aim of this study is to identify and geographically represent areas exposed to soil erosion and to assess its temporal evolution between 1985 and 2024, in order to better plan soil management in the city of Muanda. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative data were used in a multi-procedural approach. The study is based on a literature review, field observations and field sampling data. It also incorporates the use of satellite images from existing databases to identify and analyze areas susceptible to soil erosion. Digitization of the geomorphological boundaries of erosion zones was carried out using photo- interpretation of aerial images (Landsat, Sentinel and others) in a Geographic Information System (GIS). The analysis was carried out in two dimensions (2D), with a defined scale, enabling precise interpretation of these areas. The process was run using ArcGIS software (version 10.2), in a feature class embedded in a file geodatabase. Results: The results showed that the Malamba-Bendo and Océan neighborhoods experience rapid soil erosion due to the sand-dominated nature of the soil, making them vulnerable to gullying. The damage caused by rainfall over a vast area in the city of Moanda is rapidly transformed by urban erosion. The study shows that erosion trends in the neighborhoods studied changed significantly between 1985 and 2024. In the Malamba-Bendo district, 1 to 4.5 ha, Océan 0.57 to 7 ha and Vulumba 0.38 to 6.1 ha were found. Conclusion: Reforestation, the construction of drainage canals and improved urban planning are essential measures to slow down this phenomenon and protect local populations. Detailed mapping of erosion zones would be beneficial for future erosion studies in Muanda. This would make it possible to better target interventions and monitor their evolution over time. In addition, it would be interesting to include studies on the anthropogenic and natural causes of erosion in order to develop appropriate management strategies. It would be important to involve local communities in the planning and implementation of projects to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability.
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Lechevalier, Claude. "Evolution des structures agraires et érosion des sols en Pays de Caux (Changes in rural environment and soil erosion in the Pays de Caux)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 69, no. 2 (1992): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1992.1617.
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Morsli, Boutkhil, and Mohammed Habi. "Effet du comportement hydrodynamique des sols argileux sur les risques de ruissellement et d'érosion du sol: cas des sols des montagnes méditerranéennes de Beni-Chougrane-AlgérieEffect of hydrodynamic behaviour of clayey soils on the risks of runoff and soil erosion: case of soils of the Mediterranean mountains of Beni-Chougrane-Algeria." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 59, no. 3 (2015): 355–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/2014/0158.
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Delahaye, Daniel. "Premier aperçu sur le développement de l'érosion des sols dans le bocage du Calvados (First insight on the development of soil erosion in Calvados bocage)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 69, no. 2 (1992): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1992.1621.
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Tarley Ferreira Nascimento, Diego, Patrícia De Araújo Romão, and Maurício Martines Sales. "Erosividade e erodibilidade ao longo de dutovia cortando os estados de Minas Gerais e Goiás - Brasil." Ateliê Geográfico 12, no. 1 (2018): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5216/ag.v12i1.46152.
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Resumo
 Apresenta-se o mapeamento da erosividade e da erodibilidade ao longo da dutovia OSBRA, que corta vários municípios de Minas Gerais e Goiás. Para o mapeamento da erosividade, foram calculados os índices de erosividade de cada estação meteorológicas nas proximidades da área estudada. Para o mapeamento da erodibilidade, foram agrupadas categorias de solos com comportamentos semelhantes quanto à resistência a processos erosivos e posteriormente foi classificada sua suscetibilidade erosiva. Com base nos mapeamentos da erosividade e da erodibilidade foi possível identificar áreas com maior suscetibilidade a processos erosivos. Levantamento de 85 pontos de erosão, cadastrados em campo, foram confrontados com os mapas de erodibilidade e erosividade, resultando em uma grande coerência entre previsão e ocorrências em campo. O mapeamento apresentado poderá ser usado como critério de decisão sobre qual área deve ter maior monitoramento do que outras, visando a segurança da faixa do duto e de fazendas vizinhas.
 Palavras-Chave: Erosividade; Erodibilidade; Processos Erosivos
 
 Abstract
 This paper presents the erosivity and erodibility mapping along the pipeline OSBRA, which cut the states of Minas Gerais and Goiás. For mapping the erosivity, the erosivity indices were calculated to each weather station near the studied area. To map the erodibility, soils were grouped in classes considering similar resistance to erosion processes, and their erosive susceptibility were subsequently classified. Based on the erosivity and erodibility mappings, areas with greater susceptibility to erosion processes were identified. A collection of 85 points of erosions, registered on the field, were compared with the maps of erodibility and erosivity and resulted in a good agreement between predictions and events in the field. The presented mapping can be used as a decision criterion on which area should have a more intensive monitoring than others, seeking the safety of the pipeline and neighboring farms.
 Keywords: Erosivity; Erodibility; Erosion processes
 
 Resumen
 Se presenta el mapeo de la erosividad y de la erodibilidad a lo largo de la tubería OSBRA, que corta varios municipios de Minas Gerais y de Goiás. Para mapear la erosividad se calcularon los índices de erosividad de cada estación meteorológica, en las proximidades del área observada. Para mapear la erodibilidad se agruparon categorías de suelos similares, en cuanto a su resistencia a los procesos erosivos. Posteriormente, se clasificó su susceptibilidad erosiva. Considerando los mapeos de erosividad y erodibilidad, se identificaron áreas más susceptibles que otras a los procesos erosivos. Observaciones levantadas a partir de 85 puntos de erosión registrados en campo, confrontadas con los mapas de erodibilidad y erosividad, mostraron coherencia entre la previsión y los datos de campo. El mapeo presentado puede utilizarse para definir cuáles son las áreas que requieren más control y vigilancia, teniendo en cuenta la seguridad de la zona a lo largo de las tuberías, así como la de las haciendas vecinas.
 Palabras Clave: Erosividad; Erodibilidad; Mecanismo de erosión
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Oliveira, Janiel Lopes de, and Manfred Fehr. "Análise da Vulnerabilidade Erosiva Para a Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão Conquistinha no Oeste de Minas Gerais, Brasil." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12, no. 7 (2020): 2428. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v12.7.p2428-2444.
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RESUMOA erosão do solo é um indicador de degradação no meio físico, situação que causa prejuízo econômico e ambiental. Diante dessa problemática, essa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a vulnerabilidade erosiva para a bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Conquistinha no Oeste de Minas Gerais. Foi aplicada a metodologia de análise multicritério de acordo com propostas da literatura. Em primeiro momento, realizou-se a confecção do banco de dados com as unidades de análise (componentes litológicos, aspectos geomorfológicos, solos, influência climática (chuva), vegetação nativa com cobertura predominante), seguido da identificação dos componentes formadores de cada unidade e a atribuição dos valores de vulnerabilidade à cada componente. Posteriormente foi realizado o cruzamento entre os valores individuais dos componentes para obtenção dos pesos representativos à cada unidade de análise. Em seguida, realizou-se o cruzamento entre os pesos obtidos para as unidades de análise, tendo como resultando a vulnerabilidade erosiva para a bacia hidrográfica. Os resultados são: alta vulnerabilidade erosiva (23.43%), média vulnerabilidade erosiva (27.72%), baixa vulnerabilidade erosiva (31.50%), muito baixa vulnerabilidade erosiva (17.34%).Palavras – chave: Erosão do solo; Unidades de análise; Análise multicritério. Analysis of the Erosive Vulnerability of the Watershed of the Conquistinha Stream in the West of Minas Gerais, Brazil A B S T R A C TSoil erosion is an indicator of degradation in the physical environment, which causes economic and environmental damage. Given this problem, this research aimed to analyze the erosive vulnerability to the Conquistinha stream watershed in West of Minas Gerais. The methodology of multicriteria analysis, was applied according to literature proposals. In the first stage, the database was prepared with the units of analysis (lithologic components, geomorphological aspects, soils, climatic influence (rainfall), native vegetation with predominant cover), followed by the identification of the formation components of each unit and the attribution of vulnerability values to each component. Subsequently, the individual component values were cross-checked to obtain representative weights for each unit of analysis. Then, the weights obtained for the analysis units were crossed, resulting in erosive vulnerability to the river basin. The results are: high erosive vulnerability (23.43%), medium erosive vulnerability (27.72%), low erosive vulnerability (31.50%), very low erosive vulnerability (17.34%).Keywords: Soil erosion; Analysis units; Multicriteria analysis.
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Gerlach, Tadeusz. "L'érosion éolienne et sa participation à la dégradation des sols dans les Carpathes polonaises (Wind erosion and its role in soil degradation in the polish Carpathians)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 63, no. 5 (1986): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1986.1357.
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Dufková, Jana. "Potential threat of southern Moravia soils by wind erosion." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 52, no. 2 (2004): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200452020033.
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Wind erosion is caused by meteorological factors such as wind, precipitation and evaporation that influence the soil humidity. Erosive-climatological factor expresses wind and humidity conditions of particular landscape. This is an index of the influence of average soil surface humidity and average wind velocity on average soil erodibility by wind. On the basis of average wind velocity and Konček’s humidity index, the values of the erosive-climatological factor for three chosen areas of Czech republic (Telč-Kostelní Myslová, Znojmo-Kuchařovice and Brno-Tuřany), where the pro-cesses of wind erosion could exist, were evaluated. Thus, the change of the factor’s value during the period of 1961 – 2000 was studied. The linear trend for the region of Brno and Znojmo (dry areas) shows increasing threat of soils by wind erosion, the contrary situation is at the humid area (Telč). The results prove the influence of soil humidity on the erosive-climatological factor and hereby the influence on wind erosion spreadout.
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Kang, Donghoon, Myung-Gyu Choi, Ki-Nam Shim, et al. "Efficacy and safety of rebamipide/nizatidine in patients with erosive gastritis: A randomized, multicenter, phase 4 study." World Journal of Gastroenterology 30, no. 48 (2024): 5152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i48.5152.
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BACKGROUND For the treatment of gastritis, rebamipide, a mucoprotective agent, and nizatidine, a gastric acid suppressant, are commonly employed individually. AIM To compare the efficacy of Mucotra® SR (rebamipide 150 mg) and Axid® (nizatidine 150 mg) combination therapy with the sole administration of Axid® in managing erosive gastritis. METHODS A total of 260 patients diagnosed with endoscopically confirmed erosive gastritis were enrolled in this open-label, multicenter, randomized, phase 4 clinical trial, allocating them into two groups: Rebamipide/nizatidine combination twice daily vs nizatidine twice daily for 2 weeks. The full-analysis set analysis encompassed 239 patients (rebamipide/nizatidine, n = 121; nizatidine, n = 118), while the per-protocol analysis included 218 patients (n = 110 vs 108). Post-treatment assessments comprised primary (erosion improvement rate) and secondary (erosion and edema cure rates, erythema improvement rates, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal symptoms) endpoints. Furthermore, drug-related adverse effects were evaluated. RESULTS Primary efficacy assessment showed a statistically significant improvement rate in mucosal erosions in the combination group compared to the control group in the full-analysis set (rebamipide/nizatidine 62.0%, nizatidine 49.2%, P = 0.046), with a similar trend noted in the per-protocol analysis (62.7% vs 50.0%, P = 0.058). Both groups were effective in curing erosion and edema and improvement of bleeding, erythema, and gastrointestinal symptoms, whereas no inter-group differences were noted. When confined to the participants with gastritis symptoms, improvement of erosion was more optimal in the combination group (63.0% vs 49.5%, P = 0.046). No adverse events related to the drugs were observed. CONCLUSION Rebamipide/nizatidine combination is effective in treatment of erosive gastritis.
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Martin, Claude, Philippe Allée, Eric Béguin, Catherine Kuzucuoglu, and Michèle Levant. "Mesure de l'érosion mécanique des sols après un incendie de forêt dans le massif des Maures/Soil erosion measurement after a forest fire in the Maures Massif." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 3, no. 2 (1997): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/morfo.1997.910.
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Larue, Jean-Pierre. "L'érosion des sols cultivés dans la région de La Flèche. Le rôle de l'évolution du paysage rural et des façons culturales (Soil erosion near La Flèche, Sarthe, France)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 69, no. 2 (1992): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1992.1620.
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Hulko, Oleksandra. "SOIL EROSION DEGRADATION RESEARCH METHODS IN THE BRODIV DISTRICT." Technical Sciences and Technologies, no. 2(28) (2022): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2022-2(28)-162-167.
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The study of the main factors causing erosive degradation of soils, the study of changes in soils under the influence of water erosion, and the modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons determine the relevance of the conducted research. Analysis of morphologicalfeatures of degraded soils, laboratory analytical studies of their physical and physico-chemical properties, and with the help of GIS tools, modeling of soil washing under the influence of water erosion was carried out. The analysis of studies and publications on the analysis of the main factors that cause erosive degradation of soils, functional analysis and the implementation of modeling of soil washout under the influence of water erosion with the help of GIS tools showed that the issue of changes in background soils under the influence of water erosion and modeling of existing and potential water washout of soil horizons have received little attention in the scientific literature.The purpose of the article is a detailed study of the properties of gray forest, turf-carbonate and meadow soils, as well as the study of erosion processes within the studied territory.Cartographic and descriptive materials of the structure of land use in different years within this model area were studied, which made it possible to analyze the impact of approaches in land use on the intensification of water erosion and the degree of washing. Field and laboratory-analytical studies were conducted to study the morphological, physical, physico-chemical properties of the studied soils. A set of GIS maps has been developed. A 3D terrain model was created to determine the long-term average soil loss due to water erosion under a certain vegetation cover and with a certain tillage system, design and implementation of soil protection measures.For the first time, erosion processes are studied in the territory of the district in a temporal and spatial context. The obtained research results are a significant contribution to the development of the practical foundations of regional soil science. They are proposed to be used for improvement of soil diagnostics and classification; to develop measures to preserve and improve soil fertility; their protection from possible anthropogenic influence.
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Vitvitskyi, Yaroslav. "INFLUENCE OF THE RELIEF ON THE EROSION DEGRADATION CHERNOZEMS OF THE PRYDNISTERSKA UPLAND." PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS, no. 11(01) (January 13, 2021): 280–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2020.1.3213.
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This publication deals with the erosive degradation of chernozem soils in the context of the the Prydnisterska Upland relief. The structure of the soil coverage of the studied area is represented by two subzonal subtypes of chernozem soils. Precisely: typical and podzolic, with a total area of 4 060 km2 (62% of the territory). The major part of these are flat interfluve: flat interfluve, wavy interfluves dissected by beam and valley forms, high fragmentary terrace complexes with insignificant horizontal dismemberment. The background surfaces of the intensity of erosion chernozem soils degradation are slopes of different steepness, exposure and morphometry. With the help of the geoinformational program ArcGIS, the distribution of slopes with the corresponding parameters of steepness and total area is determined. Inclined slopes with the steepness of 1–3° (1 700 km2) are dominant. The area with a steepness of 5° or less is approximately 87% of the total area of chernozem soils. However are of slightly inclined relief with only mere erosion occurant. The steep surfaces expositional distribution indicates the predominance of the southern, southwestern exposure slopes of an average length of 500–1 500 m. The results of the field morphological studies show that in the 5–6° – incline surfaces of inflection areas chernozem podzolic and strongly washed away. The degree of typical chernozem soils erosion is mostly associated with transversely convex and slightly convex slopes. In accordance with the degree of erosion, slightly washed typical chernozem soils formed on the same slopes of 2–3°, medium washed on 3–5°, strongly washed 8° incline. However, on the oblique slopes with an incline of 3–5° of complex shapes, typical chernozem soils the entire humus line is washed away. Particularly critical degree of chernozem soils erosion is observed within the complex slopes of river meanders and beam girder systems. In addition to the listed morphometric parameters of slope surfaces, the development of erosion degradation is influenced by the local unreasonable placement of linear boundaries. Thus, roads laid perpendicularly to river valleys and watersheds or along the plane of individual slopes form artificial bases of erosion, accelerating degradation processes. The formation of natural quarries leads to the active development of linear erosion of regressive nature. Key words: podzolic chernozem; typical chernozem; Prydnisterska Upland; GIS-analysis; erosive degradation; slope morphology; relief.
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Hu, Yaxian, Wolfgang Fister, Yao He, and Nikolaus J. Kuhn. "Assessment of crusting effects on interrill erosion by laser scanning." PeerJ 8 (January 31, 2020): e8487. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8487.
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Background Crust formation affects soil erosion by raindrop impacted flow through changing particle size and cohesion between particles on the soil surface, as well as surface microtopography. Therefore, changes in soil microtopography can, in theory, be employed as a proxy to reflect the complex and dynamic interactions between crust formation and erosion caused by raindrop-impacted flow. However, it is unclear whether minor variations of soil microtopography can actually be detected with tools mapping the crust surface, often leaving the interpretation of interrill runoff and erosion dynamics qualitative or even speculative. Methods In this study, we used a laser scanner to measure the changes of the microtopography of two soils placed under simulated rainfall in experimental flumes and crusting at different rates. The two soils were of the same texture, but under different land management, and thus organic matter content and aggregate stability. To limit the amount of scanning and data analysis in this exploratory study, two transects and four subplots on each experimental flume were scanned with a laser in one-millimeter interval before and after rainfall simulations. Results While both soils experienced a flattening, they displayed different temporal patterns of crust development and associated erosional responses. The laser scanning data also allowed to distinguish the different rates of developments of surface features for replicates with extreme erosional responses. The use of the laser data improved the understanding of crusting effects on soil erosional responses, illustrating that even limited laser scanning provides essential information for quantitatively exploring interrill erosion processes.
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May, Thomas. "Changements des structures agraires et érosion des sols sur la Costa del Sol au cours des temps historiques (Rural changes and soil erosion in historical times along the Costa del Sol)." Bulletin de l'Association de géographes français 69, no. 2 (1992): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bagf.1992.1622.
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Bao, Ruotian, Junhong Li, Lin Li, et al. "Effect of Microbial-Induced Calcite Precipitation on Surface Erosion and Scour of Granular Soils." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2657, no. 1 (2017): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2657-02.
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Erosion is relevant to a variety of infrastructure problems such as bridge scour, roadway shoulder erosion, coastal erosion, and riverbank and slope stability. This research investigated the feasibility of using microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) as an erosion countermeasure. MICP is a natural phenomenon in which calcite precipitation occurs as a consequence of microbial metabolic activity. The precipitated calcite modifies the soil fabric and provides an additional bonding force between soil particles. In this paper, a preliminary experimental study on the erosional behavior of MICP-treated sand is presented. A standard soil, Ottawa graded sand, was treated with a bacterium (Sporosarcina pasteurii) in a full-contact reactor-one in which the soil in a fabric mold was fully immersed in the bacteria and cementation solution. The morphologies and crystalline structures of the precipitated calcite in porous sediments were characterized using microscopic imaging techniques. The treated soil samples were tested in a flume to investigate the erosional behavior; both surface erosion and bridge scour tests were conducted. Although the untreated soil is highly erodible, the erosion of the treated sand was found to be negligible under the circumstances of the test; however, some concerns were raised regarding practical applications. Efforts will be made in the future to identify alternative treatment procedures that are more applicable to the field.
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Le Bissonnais, Yves, Hassan Benkhadra, E. Gallien, et al. "Genèse du ruissellement et de l'érosion diffuse sur sols limoneux : analyse du transfert d'échelle du m2 au bassin versant élémentaire agricole/Runoff and interrill erosion on silty loamy soils: analysis of scale tranfer from m2 to small cultivated catchments." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 2, no. 3 (1996): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/morfo.1996.885.
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Mosaid, Hassan, Ahmed Barakat, Vincent Bustillo, and Jamila Rais. "Modeling and Mapping of Soil Water Erosion Risks in the Srou Basin (Middle Atlas, Morocco) Using the EPM Model, GIS and Magnetic Susceptibility." Journal of Landscape Ecology 15, no. 1 (2022): 126–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0007.
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Abstract The Oued Srou watershed located in the Middle Atlas Mountain of Morocco has been a subject of serious soil erosion problems due to the combination of natural factors and anthropic activities. Therefore, soil erosion hazard assessment and mapping can be handy to initiate remedial measures in the area. In this study, the improved Erosion Potential Model (EPM) integrated with GIS and remote sensing techniques is employed to map and assess the vulnerability of the Oued Srou watershed to the water erosion phenomenon and its impact on the silting of the Ahmed El Hansali dam. The results of the EPM model showed that the maximum annual soil loss rates were in the range of 5-652 m3/km2/year, with an average of 49 m3/km2/year. The delivery coefficient ratio showed that about 34433 t/year of the sediments reach the outlet of the watershed. The correlation analysis between all erosion factors revealed the following order of their importance in the water erosion control: soil sensitivity to erosion, soil protection, slope, erosive state, temperature, and rainfall. The magnetic susceptibility provided results on the evolution of soils; it showed that the most degraded soils had a high erosion rate. Generally, the stable soils not eroded showed an upward increase of magnetic susceptibility values in soil profiles; the evolution of magnetic susceptibility of degraded soils is disturbed. The magnetic susceptibility has also made it possible to highlight the source zones of sediments that reach the outlet of the watershed.
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Lisetsky, Fyodor N., Pavel V. Goleusov, and Zhanna Ar Buryak. "Tolerable soils erosion losses and soil formation rates in the context of carbon balance regulation." Lomonosov Soil Science Journal 79, no. 3, 2024 (2024): 139–51. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2024-79-3-139-151.
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Erosion-accumulation processes are realized through paragenetic processes of soil destruction, transport, redepo- sition and accumulation of pedosediments enriched in organic carbon. A promising approach in modern methods for substantiating permissible erosion losses of soils is the integration of assessments of the quality of soil resources, the rate of erosion and soil formation, including calculations of the balance of organic carbon in soils of agroeco- systems. The range of research tasks included: analysis of current integrated approaches to justify the permissible erosion losses of soils that are the most promising from the point of view of the completeness of reflection of ag- ropedogenesis; assessment of the effectiveness of the process of regeneration of the humus horizon under primary, recent and postagrogenic variants of soil reproduction; identification of patterns of formation of natural soil cover on dated and full Holocene erosional pedotopocatena; determination of the effectiveness of erosion-accumulation processes in the formation of pedosediments enriched with organic carbon in the thalwegs of runoff depressions during an extreme hydrological event and in accumulative elements of the landscape over a centuries-long period. The main objects of the study were soils of different ages in a state of renaturation, which were selected in anthropo- genically disturbed geosystems of the European forest-steppe. In addition, soil-geomorphological features within different-aged erosional pedotopocatenes and processes of accumulation of pedosediments at different scale levels were studied. The results of mathematical modeling of the soil-forming process over time, based on an extensive database of soil-chronological data, show significant differences in the rate of formation of the humus horizon at the initial and quasi-final stages of pedogenesis, as well as the relationship between the ontogenetic maturity of the humus profile and the rate of pedogenesis, which must be taken into account when justifying acceptable erosion losses. Long-term studies of the processes of renaturation of disturbed soils in the forest-steppe zone have identified a special type of reproduction in Agroabrozems, when functional rehabilitation of the residual humus horizon occurs, which differs from primary pedogenesis during the formation of a humus profile on parent rocks. Depending on the erosional transformation of the predecessor soil profile, the average rates of formation of the postagrogenic humus horizon in forest-steppe Chernozems range from 3,6 to 6,0 mm·year–1. As shown by the results of studying different-age and full-Holocene pedotopocatenes, the natural soil cover, which reflects the processes of erosion-accumulation and landscape slope microzonality, and soil-geomorphological relationships can be adequately formalized by improving the formula for calculating the relief function in erosion models through the introduction of a variable power value for the slope length index.
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Belmana, Adel, Mekki Mellas, and Victor Cavaleiro. "Assessment of Coarse Soil’s Stability Towards Internal Erosion Case of Biskra’s Dam Soil." Civil and Environmental Engineering 20, no. 1 (2024): 332–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cee-2024-0026.
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Abstract Internal erosion is a phenomenon that occurs in soils constituting hydraulic structures under the influence of internal flow. This erosion occurs because of pipe erosion which becomes widespread, leading in some cases to the rupture of the structure. Soils susceptible to piping, generally have particle size instability. This study aims to provide an empirical understanding of the initiation and development of erosion in coarse soil obtained near Biskra’s dam in Algeria. To assess the soil’s dispersiveness chemical analyses such as SAR and PS were conducted, as well as the particle size criteria were verified. The soil was examined in-depth using a double hydrometer test along with Crumb tests. A Hole Erosion Test (HET) device is developed to investigate the effect of certain parameters, such as the compaction degree and the hole diameter on internal erosion’s onset and progression. The results have shown the instability of the soil toward internal erosion given the considerably eroded particles. furthermore, an inverse relationship between the eroded particles mass and the degree of compaction and the initial hole’s diameter is observed.
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Marouane, Laaraj, Benaabidate Lahcen, and Mesnage Valérie. "Assessment and mapping of water erosion by the integration of the Gavrilovic “EPM” model in the Inaouene watershed, Morocco." E3S Web of Conferences 314 (2021): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131403009.
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Water erosion is one of the main causes of soil degradation around the world. In M orocco, In M orocco, the watersheds have very significant soil wastes, related to various physical and anthropic factors. The Oued Inaouene watershed is concerned because of its location in the eastern part of the Saïss basin, between the Middle Atlas and the Pre-Rif, where water erosion is more accentuated. This basin covers a total area of 3597.13 Km2 and it is marked by a semi-arid climate with relatively abundant (989.68 mm), irregular rainfall and strong anthropic pressure. This will have an impact of overexploiting natural resources in general and soils in particular. The excessive use of agricultural land has led to their fragility and aggravation of their susceptibility to erosion. These conditions, both natural and anthropic, have induced a rather intense erosive dynamic, which can be visible in its various forms, including gullying and landslides. The erosive dynamics leads progressively and certainly to impoverish the soils of the watershed and the silting of the dam Idris 1st located downstream of the Oued Inaouene, hence the interest of this study. The use of the “EPM” model for the estimation of soil losses approaches the severity of the erosive phenomenon. The average soil loss due to water erosion according to the model used is estimated at 53.34 t/ha/year. The maximum losses are about 597.642 t/ha/yr per plot. Total annual losses for the watershed are approximately 211084195 t/yr. Furthermore, the analysis of these results allowed, with the help of GIS, to determine the factors that control water erosion and which are, in order of importance: rainfall, slope, and soil sensitivity Soil protection. If anti-erosion measures aren’t adopted in the threatened parts of the watershed, this will have serious consequences for the dam and water quality .
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Sequeira, Nahuel David, Patricia Vazquez, and Mónica Sacido. "Erosión hídrica y su relación con el avance de la agricultura en el sudeste bonaerense, Argentina. El caso del partido de Benito Juárez durante las campañas 1989/90, 2002/03 y 2014/15." Papeles de Geografía, no. 65 (December 27, 2019): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/geografia.395691.
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 La erosión hídrica es uno de los fenómenos más significativos de degradación del suelo a nivel mundial. Este trabajo estima la tasa de erosión hídrica actual y potencial y la variación de la pérdida total de suelos agrícolas de las unidades ecológicas del partido de Benito Juárez, para las campañas 1989/90, 2002/03 y 2014/15, estableciendo una relación entre estos valores y el avance agrícola. Metodológicamente, se superpusieron capas de información de trabajos antecedentes, para analizar la transformación de la superficie agrícola en cada unidad ecológica. Luego, se estimaron las tasas de erosión y la pérdida total de suelos; analizando su variación en el mismo lapso temporal y comparando estos valores con los niveles de tolerancia de pérdida de los suelos de la región. Para las 3 campañas, las mayores tasas de erosión corresponden a la unidad “Sierras”; y las mayores pérdidas de suelos a la unidad “Llanura ondulada, suavemente ondulada y deprimida”. Se plantea que existe una relación directa entre los resultados obtenidos y el incremento de la superficie destinada al avance de la agricultura. Finalmente, los datos alcanzados contribuyen al diagnóstico acerca de la sostenibilidad del modelo productivo del Partido, en pos de un correcto ordenamiento ambiental del territorio.
 
 
 
 Water erosion is one of the most significant soil degradation phenomena worldwide. This work estimates the current and potential rate of water erosion and the variation of the total loss of agricultural soils of the ecological units of the Benito Juárez county, for the 1989/90, 2002/03 and 2014/15 campaigns, establishing a relationship between these values and the agricultural advance. Methodologically, layers of previous information were superimposed to analyze the transformation of the agricultural area in each ecological unit. Then, the rates of erosion and the total loss of soils were estimated; analyzing their variation in the same time lapse and comparing these values with the tolerance levels of loss of soils in the region. For the 3 campaigns, the highest erosion rates correspond to the "Mountain ranges" unit; and the highest soil losses to the "Wavy, gently wavy and depressed plains" unit. It is proposed that there is a direct relationship between the results obtained and the increase in the area destined to the advance of agriculture. Finally, the data reached contribute to the diagnosis about the sustainability of the productive model of the County, in pursuit of a correct environmental territorial ordering.
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Sequeira, Nahuel David, Patricia Vazquez, and Mónica Sacido. "Erosión hídrica y su relación con el avance de la agricultura en el sudeste bonaerense, Argentina. El caso del partido de Benito Juárez durante las campañas 1989/90, 2002/03 y 2014/15." Papeles de Geografía, no. 65 (December 27, 2019): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/geografia/2019/395691.
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La erosión hídrica es uno de los fenómenos más significativos de degradación del suelo a nivel mundial. Este trabajo estima la tasa de erosión hídrica actual y potencial y la variación de la pérdida total de suelos agrícolas de las unidades ecológicas del partido de Benito Juárez, para las campañas 1989/90, 2002/03 y 2014/15, estableciendo una relación entre estos valores y el avance agrícola. Metodológicamente, se superpusieron capas de información de trabajos antecedentes, para analizar la transformación de la superficie agrícola en cada unidad ecológica. Luego, se estimaron las tasas de erosión y la pérdida total de suelos; analizando su variación en el mismo lapso temporal y comparando estos valores con los niveles de tolerancia de pérdida de los suelos de la región. Para las 3 campañas, las mayores tasas de erosión corresponden a la unidad “Sierras”; y las mayores pérdidas de suelos a la unidad “Llanura ondulada, suavemente ondulada y deprimida”. Se plantea que existe una relación directa entre los resultados obtenidos y el incremento de la superficie destinada al avance de la agricultura. Finalmente, los datos alcanzados contribuyen al diagnóstico acerca de la sostenibilidad del modelo productivo del Partido, en pos de un correcto ordenamiento ambiental del territorio. Water erosion is one of the most significant soil degradation phenomena worldwide. This work estimates the current and potential rate of water erosion and the variation of the total loss of agricultural soils of the ecological units of the Benito Juárez county, for the 1989/90, 2002/03 and 2014/15 campaigns, establishing a relationship between these values and the agricultural advance. Methodologically, layers of previous information were superimposed to analyze the transformation of the agricultural area in each ecological unit. Then, the rates of erosion and the total loss of soils were estimated; analyzing their variation in the same time lapse and comparing these values with the tolerance levels of loss of soils in the region. For the 3 campaigns, the highest erosion rates correspond to the "Mountain ranges" unit; and the highest soil losses to the "Wavy, gently wavy and depressed plains" unit. It is proposed that there is a direct relationship between the results obtained and the increase in the area destined to the advance of agriculture. Finally, the data reached contribute to the diagnosis about the sustainability of the productive model of the County, in pursuit of a correct environmental territorial ordering.
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Achasov, Andrii, Alla Achasova, Ganna Titenko, Oleg Seliverstov, and Vladimir Krivtsov. "Assessment of the Ecological Condition of Soil Cover Based on Remote Sensing Data: Erosional Aspect." SHS Web of Conferences 100 (2021): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110005014.
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Soil erosion by water is the most important global environmental problem. A modern system for assessing and monitoring soil erosional degradation should be based on the use of remote sensing data. This raises the issue of correct data decoding. The article proposes a method for visual interpretation of eroded soils according to the Sentinel image obtained in the visible range. The authors give some combinations of decoding signs to determine the manifestations of linear and surface water erosion from images. The article shows possible errors in decoding the manifestations of water erosion and gives an example of assessing the erosion of the soil cover based on the results of decoding the Sentinel-2 satellite image. Moderately and heavily eroded soils are reliably distinguished, the area of which, according to the interpretation data, was 2.4% of the area of arable land in the studied territory. In the future, the obtained sample of spectral images of eroded soils can be used to develop an automated method of interpretation based on the principle of "computer vision".
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Shirriff, Katherine, Krishna Bahadur KC, and Aaron Berg. "Exploring the Relationship between Cover Crop Adoption and Soil Erosion Severity: A Case Study from the Simcoe Watershed, Ontario, Canada." Land 11, no. 7 (2022): 988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11070988.
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Runoff from agricultural fields during the nongrowing season is a significant factor leading to phosphorous loading and diminishing water quality in Lake Simcoe, Ontario. Cover crops offer the potential to alleviate phosphorous loss during the nongrowing season by minimizing soil erosional processes and uptaking excess phosphorous; however, recent research suggests that its adoption remains relatively low. More concern lies with the lack of cover crop adoption on areas that are sensitive to soil erosion. This study intends to investigate the likelihood of agricultural productions located on erosive soils to adopt cover crops. Using satellite imagery in corroboration with the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), this study reveals the frequency of cover crop production and associates soil loss sensitivity at a 30 m resolution from 2013 to 2018. Consistent with recent literature, this study reveals that a small portion (18%) of agricultural operations in the south Simcoe Watershed have incorporated cover crops over the past six years. Cover crops tend to be adopted at a low frequency in areas that have a low sensitivity to soil erosion. This study reveals that areas with higher soil erosion sensitivity are consistent with low-frequency adoption, indicating that these areas are less likely to adopt cover crops regularly. Promoting farm-scale benefits associated with cover crops should target areas in the south Simcoe Watershed that are prone to soil erosion to mitigate total phosphorus (TP) loading into Lake Simcoe.
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Savelieva, D. A., and V. K. Kalichkin. "Application of digital technologies in the study of water erosion of soils in Western Siberia." Siberian Herald of Agricultural Science 49, no. 4 (2019): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26898/0370-8799-2019-4-10.
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The analysis of the study of water erosion of soils on the territory of the West Siberian Plain using geo-information technologies (GIS) and Earth remote sensing was carried out. It is shown that GIS and Earth remote sensing are not widely used in erosion studies in Western Siberia and are used by a limited number of modern researchers. However, the use of digital technologies in this area is characterized by the coverage of almost the full range of their capabilities and functions: digital mapping, the formation of spatially-distributed thematic databases, monitoring, space-time analysis, modeling, automated mapping. The bulk of such research is concentrated mainly within the Novosibirsk and Omsk regions, in the Altai Territory, and to a lesser extent in the Tomsk and Kemerovo regions. Digital technologies for studying water erosion in Western Siberia are more often used to study the dependence of water erosion on its determining factors (mainly topography), the effect of water erosion on soils and soil cover, in morphometric analysis of the relief, land classifi cation and mapping. The problem of remote monitoring of the temporal dynamics of water erosion and related changes in topography, soil cover, soil properties, etc. is practically not dealt with. The issues of geoinformational modeling of water erosion in terms of elaboration of detail and scale, and coverage of a larger number of areas require further development. When modeling water erosion, the nature of surface runoff is not always taken into account. The approach to the selection of criteria for the assessment of erosional land at different scales of their mapping is not entirely clear. It remains an open question to develop a methodology for the automated calculation of standards for permissible erosional losses of soil. In general, the use of Earth remote sensing and GIS facilities in the study of water erosion in the soils of Western Siberia is not systematic and comprehensive. This is confi rmed by the presence of a number of problems in the study of water erosion in the given area, which requires a digital approach to their solution.
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Sanches Ferreira, Nedilson, Dênis José Cardoso Gomes, Priscila dos Santos Ribeiro, Lianne Borja Pimenta, and José Henrique Cattanio. "VULNERABILIDADE DO SOLO À EROSÃO HÍDRICA, REGIÃO HIDROGRÁFICA DO GUAÍBA-RS." REVISTA GEONORTE 13, no. 41 (2022): 191–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2022.v.13.n.41.191.210.
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The population increase in recent years is triggering advances in land use inappropriately and under extreme climatic occurrence, it causes numerous natural disasters, among them soil erosion. The objective of this work is to analyze the vulnerability to soil water erosion in the Guaíba-RS Hydrographic Region. Estimated precipitation data (Global Precipitation Climatology Center) was used; land use (MapBiomas Project); declivity (National Institute for Space Research) and soil (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) in map algebra to obtain the product of soil water erosion. The Guaíba hydrographic region showed stability in the north and southeast, however, extremely unstable areas were detected mainly in the central axis (east-west) with some points to the south. The erosive processes in the region are naturally motivated by declivity and soil, where precipitation is not a major factor in erosion, and this disaster is caused in some points by the anthropic forcing. The control of unstable areas through preservation of vegetation cover and reduction of agricultural progress is essential for the prevention of possible cases of erosion, socio-environmental and economic damage
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Prus, Barbara, Tomasz Salata, and Krzysztof Gawroński. "The method of determining surface water erosion influence on agricultural valorization of soils with usage of geoprocessing techniques and spatial information systems." Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Land Reclamation 48, no. 4 (2016): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sggw-2016-0024.
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Abstract The aim of the paper is to propose methodical solutions concerning synthetic agricultural analysis of production space which consists in combined (synthetic) – in spatial and statistical contexts – analysis and evaluation of quality and farming utility of soils in connection with soils erosive risk level. The paper is aimed at presentation of methodology useful in such type of analyses as well as demonstration to what extent the areas of farming production space being subject to restrictive protection are exposed to destructive effect of surface water erosion. Own factor (HDSP.E) was suggested, which is a high degree synthesis of soil protection in connection with degrees of surface water erosion risk. The proposed methodology was used for detailed spatial analyses performed for Tomice – the Małopolska rural commune (case study). The area model elaborated for the proposed methodology’s purpose faced with soils mechanical composition allowed to make a model of surface water erosion in five-grade scale. Synthetic evaluation (product of spatial objects on numerous thematic layers) of quality and farming utility of soils and also zones of surface water erosion risk allowed to assign spatial distribution of HDSP.E factor (abbreviation of high degree of soil protection combined with erosion). The analyses enabled to determine proportional contribution of the most valuable resources of farming production space that are subject to soil erosion negative phenomenon. Geoprocessing techniques used for the analyses of environmental elements of farming production space were applied in the paper. The analysis of spatial distribution of researched phenomena was elaborated in Quantum GIS programme.
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Petsch, Carina, Anderson Augusto Volpato Sccoti, Luís Eduardo de Souza Robaina, and Romario Trentin. "Controlling factors and mapping of linear erosive features in Santa Maria river watershed –RS." Revista Brasileira de Geomorfologia 23, no. 4 (2022): 1876–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20502/rbg.v23i4.2151.
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Water erosion is one of the main causes of soil degradation and linear erosion mapping is one of the essential tools for its monitoring. In light of this, the goal from this research is to map the linear erosive features (LEF) of the Santa Maria River Basin (BHRSM), southwest region of RS, and understand which environmental factors are controlling or triggering erosion. In western RS there is a considerable concern associated with erosive processes that occupy large extensions and cause changes in the dynamics of use and changes in the environment. Data on geology, soils, hypsometry, slope, land use, drainage channels and roads were analyzed in a GIS environment. The erosive processes in BHRSM are inherent to the less consolidated sandy substrate, configuring a natural process. The relief energy for the incision of water flows is meaningful, since the LEF are related to moderate slope in portions of medium altitudes. However, anthropogenic action accelerates erosive processes. It is noteworthy that the increase in the area occupied by crops, doubled in the period of 20 years, configuring a new landscape and dynamics for BHRSM, demanding special attention to this region that tends to intensify the erosivy processes
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Quiroga, D. R. A., A. Coronato, G. Scioscia, et al. "Erosive features caused by a Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) colony on Martillo Island, Beagle Channel, Argentina." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 46, no. 2 (2020): 477–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.4337.
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An active Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) colony has been established on Martillo Island, Beagle Channel (54°54´26” S; 67°22´58” W) since 1976. It is located in remnants of eroded drumlins placed in both ending and joined by gravel terraces of glaciofluvial and marine origin. Forest patches occupy the eastern side of the island while most of the island is covered by bushes, tussocks and grasses. This paper presents penguins as bio-erosion agents on glacial and marine landforms. An analysis of multiple criteria surveyed in the field was performed, using Quantum GIS® 3.2.1 with remote sensing images and a digital model terrain of 12 m resolution. The morphometric data and multicriterial evaluation were collected during 2016-2017 austral summer. Soils and sediments of each landform (drumlin, glaciofluvial terrace, raised beach and beach) were sampled for particle size analysis, to determine if there is any relationship between the morphometric parameters of the cave and the sediments. Four bio-erosion classes were defined based on the erosion features observed in the field. “Moderate” was the prevailing erosion class recorded, in the E-NE part of the island. Bio-erosion features are mainly developed on the N facing slope of the east of the island, where a natural gully drains rainfall water, and over the glaciofluvial and marine terrace surfaces. Erosive features such as caves and bridges are mainly developed in silty drumlins. Pedestals are developed on bare soils and tussocks. Trails and cracks were also described as bio-erosion. No erosive features were recorded in the W part of the island. The bio-erosion map is one of the inputs for environmental degradation analysis and population dynamic research which is being done in the Magellanic penguin colony on Martillo Island, Beagle Channel.
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Sheridan, G. J., H. B. So, R. J. Loch, and C. M. Walker. "Estimation of erosion model erodibility parameters from media properties." Soil Research 38, no. 2 (2000): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr99041.
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The aim of this research was to enable erodibility values for hillslope-scale erosion prediction models to be determined from easily measured media properties. Simulated rainfall and overland flow experiments were carried out on 34 soils and overburdens from 15 Queensland open-cut coal mines at The University of Queensland Erosion Processes Laboratory. Properties of the 34 media determined included aggregate stability, Atterberg limits, bulk density, cation exchange capacity, dispersion ratios, electrical conductivity, exchangeable sodium percentage, organic carbon content, pH, texture, and water content at field capacity and wilting point. Correlation and stepwise multiple regression procedures were used to determine those media properties that could best be used to predict rill and interill erodibility. Correlations between media properties and sediment delivery at each of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30% slope revealed that different media properties were correlated with erosion rates at different slopes. A media property could show a strong correlation with erodibility at 30% slope, and a low correlation at 5% slope. Splitting the data set into soils only, and overburdens only, showed that properties that were positively correlated with erosion rates for one group could be negatively correlated for the other group. Therefore, in this study, erodibility could not be explicitly linked to one set of media properties for all medium types and erosive conditions. It was concluded that a single regression equation could not be used to predict erodibility under all conditions. Instead, 4 equations were developed to predict rill and interill erodibility, for soils and overburdens separately. The need for separate regression equations was attributed to the presence of different erosive sub-processes for specific combinations of medium type and slope gradient.
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Petrychenko, V., O. Tarariko, and O. Syrotenko. "Space Technologies in Agri-Environmental Monitoring System." Agricultural Science and Practice 1, no. 1 (2014): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/agrisp1.01.003.
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The contemporary development of the remote space survey syst ems and elements of geoinformation t echnolo gies o ffers the fundamentally new possibilities of control, forecasting and interpretation of the data obtained from agroecological monitoring. Aim. To describe natural and climatic conditions of the various zones within the territory of Ukraine, its agricultural acquirement and risk of the soils’ erosive degradation manifestations in the meaning of climate changes. To determine the factors infl uencing upon the spectral characteristics of the eroded soils for their identifi cation, deciphering, and also the cultivated lands and land tenure systems degradatio n monitoring according to satellite data. Methods. The logical model of water erosion determination and identifi cation according to the data of the Earth remote sensing (ERS) of high spatial resolution is developed on the basis of classifi cation in basic deciphering signs and the procedure of molding of the training samples forming. The materials of the Landsat 8, SPOT, ASTER and RapidEye space surveys, map materials and data of full-scale ground observations on the test objects were used for identifi cation of the processes of sheet and linear erosion. The soil erosion was determined according to two approaches. The fi rst one is based on the plowed soil and the second – on soil covered with plants. The soil erosion class was determined according to the spectral characteristics and humus content, while gully rate – by reference to gullies’ length and square. Results. The humus content in so il was proposed to be determined according to the spatial distribution of spectral characteristics within the limits of uniform regions and corresponding mathematical-statistical models. The opportunities of linear and sheet erosion classifi cation according to the ERS data, and also their use in the system of monitoring and evaluating the ecological state of agrolandscapes and land tenure systems are shown. C onclus ions. The space mo nitoring data of the soils erosive degradation and agrolandscapes in whole provide the opportunity of more effective use of soil resources due to the strategic determination of degradation processes with the subsequent planning and workout the measures for th e optimization of the erosive dangerous agrolandscapes structure, and also introduction of the ground water-guarding systems of soil management.