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Journal articles on the topic 'ERSP'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Kim, Min-Jee, Mi-Sun Yum, Hye-Ryun Yeh, and Tae-Sung Ko. "Fast oscillation dynamics during hypsarrhythmia as a localization biomarker." Journal of Neurophysiology 119, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 679–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00662.2017.

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Hypsarrhythmia in West syndrome, although hard to define, is characterized by chaotic and disorganized electrical activity of the brain and is often regarded as a generalized EEG pattern without any localization value. Using event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), we tried to determine the brain dynamics during hypsarrhythmia. Routine 1-h scalp EEGs were retrieved from 31 patients with infantile spasms and 20 age-matched controls. Using the EEGLAB toolbox of MATLAB 2015b, the ERSPs of fast oscillations (FOs; 20–100 Hz) of selected channels were analyzed and compared among groups according to their MRI lesions. FO-ERSP cutoff values for predicting the pathologic foci were estimated. The mean FO-ERSPs across all analyzed electrodes of patients with spasms were significantly higher than those of controls. When the patients were categorized into nonlesional, focal/multifocal, or diffuse lesional groups, the FO-ERSP of patients in the focal/multifocal lesional group was significantly lower than that of those in the nonfocal or diffuse lesional groups. In the focal/multifocal lesional group, seven patients (7/9, 77.8%) showed that the locations of channels with high FO-ERSPs were matched to the pathologic MRI lesions. Thus, the localization of high FO-ERSPs is closely associated with the location of pathologic brain lesions. Further research is required to prove the value of the FO-ERSP as an important quantitative localizing biomarker of West syndrome. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The locations of high fast oscillation-event-related spectral perturbations (FO-ERSPs) are closely associated with brain pathologic lesions, and high FO-ERSPs can be used as a localization biomarker of pathologic brain lesions in patients with hypsarrhythmia. With further validation, FO-ERSP might be useful as a biomarker for the localization of hidden pathologies in conditions with generalized epileptiform activities such as West syndrome.
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Nayak, Siddharth, ChiiShyang Kuo, and Arthur Chih-Hsin Tsai. "Mid-Frontal Theta Modulates Response Inhibition and Decision Making Processes in Emotional Contexts." Brain Sciences 9, no. 10 (October 11, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9100271.

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Inhibitory control is an integral part of executive functions. In this study, we report event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) results from 15 healthy adults performing an emotional stop-signal task with the use of happy, disgusted, and neutral emotional faces. Our ERSP results at the group level suggest that changes in low frequency oscillatory power for emotional and neutral conditions start at as early as 200 ms after stimulus onset and 300 ms before button press for successful go trials. To quantify the dynamics of trial-by-trial theta power, we applied the hierarchical drift diffusion model to single-trial ERSP at the mid-frontal electrode site for the go condition. Hierarchical drift diffusion modeling (HDDM) assigned higher frontal low-frequency oscillatory power for evidence accumulation in emotional contexts as compared to a neutral setting. Our results provide new evidence for dynamic modulation of sensory processing of go stimuli in inhibition and extend our knowledge for processing of response inhibition in emotional contexts.
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McGee, Lesley, Keith P. Klugman, Avril Wasas, Thora Capper, and Adrian Brink. "Serotype 19F Multiresistant Pneumococcal Clone Harboring Two Erythromycin Resistance Determinants [erm(B) and mef(A)] in South Africa." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45, no. 5 (May 1, 2001): 1595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.45.5.1595-1598.2001.

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ABSTRACT One hundred eighteen erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (ERSP) strains (MICs of ≥0.5 μg/ml) from five laboratories serving the private sector in South Africa were analyzed for the genes encoding resistance to macrolides. Sixty-seven ERSP strains (56.8%) contained the erm(B) gene, and 15 isolates (12.7%) contained the mef(A) gene. Thirty-six isolates (30.5%) harbored both the erm(B) and mef(A) genes and were highly resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. DNA fingerprinting by BOX-PCR and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified 83% of these strains as belonging to a single multiresistant serotype 19F clone.
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Phukhachee, Tustanah, Suthathip Maneewongvatana, Thanate Angsuwatanakul, Keiji Iramina, and Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong. "Investigating the Effect of Intrinsic Motivation on Alpha Desynchronization Using Sample Entropy." Entropy 21, no. 3 (March 2, 2019): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21030237.

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The effect of motivation and attention could play an important role in providing personalized learning services and improving learners toward smart education. These effects on brain activity could be quantified by EEG and open the path to analyze the efficiency of services during the learning process. Many studies reported the appearance of EEG alpha desynchronization during the attention period, resulting in better cognitive performance. Motivation was also found to be reflected in EEG. This study investigated the effect of intrinsic motivation on the alpha desynchronization pattern in terms of the complexity of time series data. The sample entropy method was used to quantify the complexity of event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) of EEG data. We found that when participants can remember the stimulus, ERSP was significantly less complex than when they cannot. However, the effect of intrinsic motivation cannot be defined by using sample entropy directly. ERSP’s main effect showed that motivation affects the complexity of ERSP data; longer continuous alpha desynchronization patterns were found when participants were motivated. Therefore, we introduced an algorithm to identify the longest continuous alpha desynchronization pattern. The method allowed us to understand that intrinsic motivation has an effect on recognition at the frontal and left parietal area directly.
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5

G. Silva, Julio, Oscar Arias-Carrion, Flavia Paes, Bruna Velasques, Silmar Teixeira, Luis F. H. Basile, Mauricio Cagy, et al. "Bromazepam Impairs Motor Response: An ERSP Study." CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 10, no. 8 (December 1, 2011): 945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152711799219361.

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6

Zhang, Yuanyuan, Gaoyan Zhang, and Baolin Liu. "Investigation of the influence of emotions on working memory capacity using ERP and ERSP." Neuroscience 357 (August 2017): 338–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.06.016.

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7

Heib, Dominik P. J., Kerstin Hoedlmoser, Peter Anderer, Georg Gruber, Josef Zeitlhofer, and Manuel Schabus. "Oscillatory Theta Activity during Memory Formation and Its Impact on Overnight Consolidation: A Missing Link?" Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 8 (August 2015): 1648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00804.

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Sleep has been shown to promote memory consolidation driven by certain oscillatory patterns, such as sleep spindles. However, sleep does not consolidate all newly encoded information uniformly but rather “selects” certain memories for consolidation. It is assumed that such selection depends on salience tags attached to the new memories before sleep. However, little is known about the underlying neuronal processes reflecting presleep memory tagging. The current study sought to address the question of whether event-related changes in spectral theta power (theta ERSP) during presleep memory formation could reflect memory tagging that influences subsequent consolidation during sleep. Twenty-four participants memorized 160 word pairs before sleep; in a separate laboratory visit, they performed a nonlearning control task. Memory performance was tested twice, directly before and after 8 hr of sleep. Results indicate that participants who improved their memory performance overnight displayed stronger theta ERSP during the memory task in comparison with the control task. They also displayed stronger memory task-related increases in fast sleep spindle activity. Furthermore, presleep theta activity was directly linked to fast sleep spindle activity, indicating that processes during memory formation might indeed reflect memory tagging that influences subsequent consolidation during sleep. Interestingly, our results further indicate that the suggested relation between sleep spindles and overnight performance change is not as direct as once believed. Rather, it appears to be mediated by processes beginning during presleep memory formation. We conclude that theta ERSP during presleep memory formation reflects cortico-hippocampal interactions that lead to a better long-term accessibility by tagging memories for sleep spindle-related reprocessing.
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8

Lee, JaeHyuk, SungHee Dong, JiChai Jeong, and BumChul Yoon. "Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) on Cognitive-Motor Dual Control Skills." Perceptual and Motor Skills 127, no. 5 (July 13, 2020): 803–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512520935695.

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This randomized crossover study investigated whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefontal cortex (dlPFC) modulates memory-guided finger isometric maintenance during single motor and dual cognitive-motor tasks, based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Twenty-three healthy participants (14 female; M age = 29.130 years, SD = 10.918) underwent both sham and 2-mA stimulation sessions over the dlPFC for 20 minutes, with a minimum washout period of seven days. We analyzed finger-force isometric maintenance and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) of the EEG during early and later phases of both tasks. We observed a significant motor accuracy improvement ( p = .014) and significant variation of force output ( p = .027) with significant decrease in ERSP on the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) (early phase, p = .027; later phase, p = .023) only after 2 mA stimulation. Thus, anodal tDCS over the dlPFC may improve memory-guided force control during cognitive-motor dual tasks.
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9

Lu, Na, and Tao Yin. "Motor imagery classification via combinatory decomposition of ERP and ERSP using sparse nonnegative matrix factorization." Journal of Neuroscience Methods 249 (July 2015): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.031.

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10

Rossi, Alejandra, Francisco J. Parada, Artemy Kolchinsky, and Aina Puce. "Neural correlates of apparent motion perception of impoverished facial stimuli: A comparison of ERP and ERSP activity." NeuroImage 98 (September 2014): 442–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.029.

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11

Weersink, Joyce B., Silvano R. Gefferie, Teus van Laar, Natasha M. Maurits, and Bauke M. de Jong. "Pre-Movement Cortico-Muscular Dynamics Underlying Improved Parkinson Gait Initiation after Instructed Arm Swing." Journal of Parkinson's Disease 10, no. 4 (October 27, 2020): 1675–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jpd-202112.

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Background: The supplementary motor area (SMA) is implicated in both motor initiation and stereotypic multi-limb movements such as walking with arm swing. Gait in Parkinson’s disease exhibits starting difficulties and reduced arm swing, consistent with reduced SMA activity. Objective: We tested whether enhanced arm swing could improve Parkinson gait initiation and assessed whether increased SMA activity during preparation might facilitate such improvement. Methods: Effects of instructed arm swing on cortical activity, muscle activity and kinematics were assessed by ambulant EEG, EMG, accelerometers and video in 17 Parkinson patients and 19 controls. At baseline, all participants repeatedly started walking after a simple auditory cue. Next, patients started walking at this cue, which now meant starting with enhanced arm swing. EEG changes over the putative SMA and leg motor cortex were assessed by event related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis of recordings at Fz and Cz. Results: Over the putative SMA location (Fz), natural PD gait initiation showed enhanced alpha/theta synchronization around the auditory cue, and reduced alpha/beta desynchronization during gait preparation and movement onset, compared to controls. Leg muscle activity in patients was reduced during preparation and movement onset, while the latter was delayed compared to controls. When starting with enhanced arm swing, these group differences virtually disappeared. Conclusion: Instructed arm swing improves Parkinson gait initiation. ERSP normalization around the cue indicates that the attributed information may serve as a semi-internal cue, recruiting an internalized motor program to overcome initiation difficulties.
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12

Ghin, Filippo, Louise O’Hare, and Andrea Pavan. "Electrophysiological aftereffects of high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS): an EEG investigation." Experimental Brain Research 239, no. 8 (June 8, 2021): 2399–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-021-06142-4.

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AbstractThere is evidence that high-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation (hf-tRNS) is effective in improving behavioural performance in several visual tasks. However, so far there has been limited research into the spatial and temporal characteristics of hf-tRNS-induced facilitatory effects. In the present study, electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of cortical activity modulated by offline hf-tRNS on performance on a motion direction discrimination task. We used EEG to measure the amplitude of motion-related VEPs over the parieto-occipital cortex, as well as oscillatory power spectral density (PSD) at rest. A time–frequency decomposition analysis was also performed to investigate the shift in event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) in response to the motion stimuli between the pre- and post-stimulation period. The results showed that the accuracy of the motion direction discrimination task was not modulated by offline hf-tRNS. Although the motion task was able to elicit motion-dependent VEP components (P1, N2, and P2), none of them showed any significant change between pre- and post-stimulation. We also found a time-dependent increase of the PSD in alpha and beta bands regardless of the stimulation protocol. Finally, time–frequency analysis showed a modulation of ERSP power in the hf-tRNS condition for gamma activity when compared to pre-stimulation periods and Sham stimulation. Overall, these results show that offline hf-tRNS may induce moderate aftereffects in brain oscillatory activity.
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13

Lee, Seo-Young, Chun Kee Chung, June Sik Kim, Won-Sub Kim, EunJoo Kang, Sung Hun Kim, and Seung Hwan Lee. "PO11.3 Language Lateralization by Event Related Spectral Perturbation (ERSP): Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Study." Clinical Neurophysiology 120 (April 2009): S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1388-2457(09)60264-9.

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14

Marasco, D. D., A. Vignapiano, G. Di Lorenzo, A. Mucci, M. Altamura, A. Petito, M. Caroprese, C. Niolu, A. Bellomo, and S. Galderisi. "Electrophysiological mechanisms underlying ERP amplitude reduction in patients with schizophrenia: A time-frequency analysis." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.085.

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BackgroundIt is hypothesized that the event-related potentials are generated by different electrophysiological mechanisms, i.e., event-related power increase and enhanced degree of phase-locking over trial. The study aimed to characterize the relative contribution of these mechanisms to the ERP in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ).Materials and methodsOne hundred and fifteen chronic stabilized SCZ and 62 healthy controls (HC) recruited to the study of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses were included. Scalp potentials were recorded during a standard auditory oddball task. Stimulus-locked segments were extracted for all standard trials and correctly hit target trials. Trials contaminated by other artifacts were rejected. For each subject and stimulus type the event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and the inter-trial-coherence (ITC) were computed to assess event-related power increase and inter-trial phase-locking. The two groups were compared using Student's t-test followed by Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.ResultsSCZ presented a reduced amplitude of both N100 and P3b. For both standard and target stimuli, at Cz and Pz, ERSP was reduced in SCZ in the delta-theta band (from 0 up to 400 ms). The ITC index, at the same channels, was reduced in SCZ in the delta band for standard stimuli (from 0 to 300 ms), and in both delta and theta bands for target stimuli (from 300 to 400 ms).ConclusionsOur results indicate that alterations of both mechanisms are involved in N100 and P3b amplitude reduction observed in SCZ. Inter-trial phase-locking abnormalities for N100 were limited to the delta band, while for P3b involved delta and theta frequencies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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15

Massion, J., V. Gurfinkel, M. Lipshits, A. Obadia, and K. Popov. "Axial Synergies Under Microgravity Conditions." Journal of Vestibular Research 3, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1993-3308.

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Fast forward and backward upper trunk movements were analyzed and compared under microgravity and under preflight and postflight conditions. The kinematic analysis showed that the upper trunk movements were accompanied by hip and knee movements in the opposite direction both under microgravity and under normal gravitational conditions. This suggests that the center of mass position with respect to the feet is still regulated under microgravity when the feet are attached to the floor. The EMG analysis during backward movements shows that under preflight conditions a set of muscles (ErSp, BF, Sol) in the back of the body are activated early on. Under microgravity, the early Sol activation was replaced by an early TA activation, which was still present at the first postflight recording and was then replaced by the early Sol activation observed under preflight conditions. This finding shows that the EMG pattern underlying the axial synergies is flexible and that adaptive changes take place both under microgravity and after return to Earth.
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He, Congying, Rupesh Kumar Chikara, Chia-Lung Yeh, and Li-Wei Ko. "Neural Dynamics of Target Detection via Wireless EEG in Embodied Cognition." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 5213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155213.

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Embodied cognitive attention detection is important for many real-world applications, such as monitoring attention in daily driving and studying. Exploring how the brain and behavior are influenced by visual sensory inputs becomes a major challenge in the real world. The neural activity of embodied mind cognitive states can be understood through simple symbol experimental design. However, searching for a particular target in the real world is more complicated than during a simple symbol experiment in the laboratory setting. Hence, the development of realistic situations for investigating the neural dynamics of subjects during real-world environments is critical. This study designed a novel military-inspired target detection task for investigating the neural activities of performing embodied cognition tasks in the real-world setting. We adopted independent component analysis (ICA) and electroencephalogram (EEG) dipole source localization methods to study the participant’s event-related potentials (ERPs), event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), and power spectral density (PSD) during the target detection task using a wireless EEG system, which is more convenient for real-life use. Behavioral results showed that the response time in the congruent condition (582 ms) was shorter than those in the incongruent (666 ms) and nontarget (863 ms) conditions. Regarding the EEG observation, we observed N200-P300 wave activation in the middle occipital lobe and P300-N500 wave activation in the right frontal lobe and left motor cortex, which are associated with attention ERPs. Furthermore, delta (1–4 Hz) and theta (4–7 Hz) band powers in the right frontal lobe, as well as alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–30 Hz) band powers in the left motor cortex were suppressed, whereas the theta (4–7 Hz) band powers in the middle occipital lobe were increased considerably in the attention task. Experimental results showed that the embodied body function influences human mental states and psychological performance under cognition attention tasks. These neural markers will be also feasible to implement in the real-time brain computer interface. Novel findings in this study can be helpful for humans to further understand the interaction between the brain and behavior in multiple target detection conditions in real life.
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Liu, Xiaoya, Shuang Liu, Dongyue Guo, Yue Sheng, Yufeng Ke, Xingwei An, Feng He, and Dong Ming. "Enhanced Auditory Steady-State Response Using an Optimized Chirp Stimulus-Evoked Paradigm." Sensors 19, no. 3 (February 12, 2019): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030748.

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Objectives: It has been reported recently that gamma measures of the electroencephalogram (EEG) might provide information about the candidate biomarker of mental diseases like schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, affective disorder and so on, but as we know it is a difficult issue to induce visual and tactile evoked responses at high frequencies. Although a high-frequency response evoked by auditory senses is achievable, the quality of the recording response is not ideal, such as relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Recently, auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) play an essential role in the field of basic auditory studies and clinical uses. However, how to improve the quality of ASSRs is still a challenge which researchers have been working on. This study aims at designing a more comfortable and suitable evoked paradigm and then enhancing the quality of the ASSRs in healthy subjects so as to further apply it in clinical practice. Methods: Chirp and click stimuli with 40 Hz and 60 Hz were employed to evoke the gamma-ASSR respectively, and the sound adjusted to 45 dB sound pressure level (SPL). Twenty healthy subjects with normal-hearing participated, and 64-channel EEGs were simultaneously recorded during the experiment. Event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and SNR of the ASSRs were measured and analyzed to verify the feasibility and adaptability of the proposed evoked paradigm. Results: The results showed that the evoked paradigm proposed in this study could enhance ASSRs with strong feasibility and adaptability. 1) ASSR waves in time domain indicated that 40 Hz stimuli could significantly induce larger peak-to-peak values of ASSRs compared to 60 Hz stimuli (p < 0.01**); ERSP showed that obvious ASSRs were obtained at each lead for both 40 Hz and 60 Hz, as well as the click and chirp stimuli. 2) The SNR of the ASSRs were –3.23 ± 1.68, –2.44 ± 2.90, –4.66 ± 2.09, and –3.53 ± 3.49 respectively for 40 Hz click, 40 Hz chirp, 60 Hz click and 60 Hz chirp, indicating the chirp stimuli could induce significantly better ASSR than the click, and 40 Hz ASSRs had the higher SNR than 60 Hz (p < 0.01**). Limitation: In this study, sample size was small and the age span was not large enough. Conclusions: This study verified the feasibility and adaptability of the proposed evoked paradigm to improve the quality of the gamma-ASSR, which is significant in clinical application. The results suggested that 40 Hz ASSR evoked by chirp stimuli had the best performance and was expected to be used in clinical practice, especially in the field of mental diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and affective disorder.
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Bocharov, Savostyanov, Tamozhnikov, Saprigyn, Proshina, Astakhova, and Knyazev. "Impact of Polymorphisms in the Serotonin Transporter Gene on Oscillatory Dynamics during Inhibition of Planned Movement in Children." Brain Sciences 9, no. 11 (November 6, 2019): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9110311.

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The serotonin transporter plays an important role in serotonergic neuromodulation. It is known that polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene are linked to the dysregulation of emotions. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the impact of variation in the gene encoding serotonin transporter polymorphism on oscillatory dynamics during inhibition of planned movement in the stop signal paradigm. During performance the stop signal paradigm, electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded in 90 healthy Caucasian children (39 girls) from 7 to 12 years. Buccal epithelium probes were taken from all participants. The La, Lg, and S alleles of serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism were detected in the DNA samples using PCR. LaLa genotype carriers did not differ from LaS\LgS and LgS\LgLg\SS carriers in a number of successful inhibitions of a prepotent response. Carriers of LaLa exhibit higher alpha and beta event-related spectral perturbations (ERSP) in parietal and occipital cortices after the presentation of signal of inhibition of movement than LaS\LgS and LgS\LgLg\SS carriers. Results are consistent with current literature and confirm that S allele carriers are more predisposed to disturbances in cognitive control.
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Choi, Jeong Woo, Kwang Su Cha, and Kyung Hwan Kim. "Covert Intention to Answer to Self-Referential Questions Is Represented in Alpha-Band Local and Interregional Neural Synchronies." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2019 (January 6, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7084186.

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The most fundamental and simplest intention for interpersonal communication may be the intentions to answer “yes” or “no” to a question, based on a binary decision. However, the neural mechanism of this type of intention has not been investigated in detail. The main purpose of this study was to investigate cortical processing of the “yes/no” intentions to answer self-referential questions. Multichannel electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded while covertly answering self-referential questions with either “yes” or “no”. Event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) and interregional phase synchrony (PS) were investigated to identify the differences in local and global neural synchronies between two intentions. We found that the local and interregional neural synchronies in the alpha-band were significantly different between “yes” and “no,” especially at the period of retaining the intention in mind, which was greater for “no” than for “yes.” These results can be interpreted to signify that a higher cognitive load during working memory retention or higher attentional demand is required for the “no” intention compared to “yes.” Our findings suggest that both local and global neural synchronies in the alpha-band may be significantly differentiated during a critical temporal epoch, according to the contents of the mental representation of the intention.
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Wang, Regina W. Y., Shy-Peih Huarng, and Shang-Wen Chuang. "Right Fronto-Temporal EEG can Differentiate the Affective Responses to Award-Winning Advertisements." International Journal of Neural Systems 28, no. 03 (February 5, 2018): 1750030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065717500307.

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Affective engineering aims to improve service/product design by translating the customer’s psychological feelings. Award-winning advertisements (AAs) were selected on the basis of the professional standards that consider creativity as a prerequisite. However, it is unknown if AA is related to satisfactory advertising performance among customers or only to the experts’ viewpoints towards the advertisements. This issue in the field of affective engineering and design merits in-depth evaluation. We recruited 30 subjects and performed an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment while watching AAs and non-AAs (NAAs). The event-related potential (ERP) data showed that AAs evoked larger positive potentials 250–1400 [Formula: see text]ms after stimulus onset, particularly in the right fronto-temporal regions. The behavioral results were consistent with the professional recognition given to AAs by experts. The perceived levels of creativity and “product-like” quality were higher for the AAs than for the NAAs. Event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) analysis further revealed statistically significant differences in the theta, alpha, beta, and gamma band activity in the right fronto-temporal regions between the AAs and NAAs. Our results confirm that EEG features from the time/frequency domains can differentiate affective responses to AAs at a neural circuit level, and provide scientific evidence to support the identification of AAs.
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Parker, Ronald, Trevor Phan, Peter Baumeister, Binayak Roy, Venugopalan Cheriyath, Ananda L. Roy, and Amy S. Lee. "Identification of TFII-I as the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Element Binding Factor ERSF: Its Autoregulation by Stress and Interaction with ATF6." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 9 (May 1, 2001): 3220–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.9.3220-3233.2001.

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ABSTRACT When mammalian cells are subjected to stress targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as depletion of the ER Ca2+ store, the transcription of a family of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) genes encoding ER chaperones is induced. The GRP promoters contain multiple copies of the ER stress response element (ERSE), consisting of a unique tripartite structure, CCAAT(N9)CCACG. Within a subset of mammalian ERSEs, N9 represents a GC-rich sequence of 9 bp that is conserved across species. A novel complex (termed ERSF) exhibits enhanced binding to the ERSE of the grp78 and ERp72 promoters using HeLa nuclear extracts prepared from ER-stressed cells. Optimal binding of ERSF to ERSE and maximal ERSE-mediated stress inducibility require the conserved GGC motif within the 9-bp region. Through chromatographic purification and subsequent microsequencing, we have identified ERSF as TFII-I. Whereas TFII-I remains predominantly nuclear in both nontreated NIH 3T3 cells and cells treated with thapsigargin (Tg), a potent inducer of the GRP stress response through depletion of the ER Ca2+ store, the level of TFII-I transcript was elevated in Tg-stressed cells, correlating with an increase in TFII-I protein level in the nuclei of Tg-stressed cells. Purified recombinant TFII-I isoforms bind directly to the ERSEs of grp78 and ERp72 promoters. The stimulation of ERSE-mediated transcription by TFII-I requires the consensus tyrosine phosphorylation site of TFII-I and the GGC sequence motif of the ERSE. We further discovered that TFII-I is an interactive protein partner of ATF6 and that optimal stimulation of ERSE by ATF6 requires TFII-I.
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Yoshida, Hiderou, Tetsuya Okada, Kyosuke Haze, Hideki Yanagi, Takashi Yura, Manabu Negishi, and Kazutoshi Mori. "Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Induced Formation of Transcription Factor Complex ERSF Including NF-Y (CBF) and Activating Transcription Factors 6α and 6β That Activates the Mammalian Unfolded Protein Response." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 4 (February 15, 2001): 1239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.4.1239-1248.2001.

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ABSTRACT The levels of molecular chaperones and folding enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are controlled by a transcriptional induction process termed the unfolded protein response (UPR). The mammalian UPR is mediated by the cis-acting ER stress response element (ERSE), the consensus sequence of which is CCAAT-N9-CCACG. We recently proposed that ER stress response factor (ERSF) binding to ERSE is a heterologous protein complex consisting of the constitutive component NF-Y (CBF) binding to CCAAT and an inducible component binding to CCACG and identified the basic leucine zipper-type transcription factors ATF6α and ATF6β as inducible components of ERSF. ATF6α and ATF6β produced by ER stress-induced proteolysis bind to CCACG only when CCAAT is bound to NF-Y, a heterotrimer consisting of NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC. Interestingly, the NF-Y and ATF6 binding sites must be separated by a spacer of 9 bp. We describe here the basis for this strict requirement by demonstrating that both ATF6α and ATF6β physically interact with NF-Y trimer via direct binding to the NF-YC subunit. ATF6α and ATF6β bind to the ERSE as a homo- or heterodimer. Furthermore, we showed that ERSF including NF-Y and ATF6α and/or β and capable of binding to ERSE is indeed formed when the cellular UPR is activated. We concluded that ATF6 homo- or heterodimers recognize and bind directly to both the DNA and adjacent protein NF-Y and that this complex formation process is essential for transcriptional induction of ER chaperones.
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Dąbkowski, Mariusz, Paweł Skrzek, and Grzegorz Redlarski. "Behavior Based Complete Coverage Task of Unknown Area by an Autonomous Mobile Robot SCORPION with Static Obstacles in Environment." Solid State Phenomena 198 (March 2013): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.73.

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In the paper the behavior based control system of an autonomous mobile robot SCORPION is presented to execute the one of the most difficult navigation task, which is the complete coverage task of unknown area with static obstacles in the environment. The main principle assumed to design control system was that the robot should cover all area only once, if it possible, to optimize the length of path and energy consumption. All commercial robots like Roomba, Trilobite or IVO move using structured templates combined with random movement. Therefore the path of coverage is not optimal directions of movement are often chosen randomly, so robot covers the same area many times wasting time and energy. In paper the five main developed templates of movement were described to fulfill main task in ordered manner using primarily the way of the ox template of coverage [1, 2, 5, 1. The behavioral control system is implemented in a computer application written in Python [5]. In the paper the test methodology of the developed system on real mobile robot ERSP SCORPION equipped with IR sensors is presented. Graphical and quantitative results of tests of accomplishment of complete coverage task are given for 6 different configurations of obstacles in the robots environment. Conclusions are presented and discussed [5]. Ways to improve the quality indicators [1, of the task of complete coverage of a unknown area are also showed.
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Marasco, D. D., G. Di Lorenzo, A. Petito, M. Altamura, G. Francavilla, L. Inverso, and A. Bellomo. "Gamma band dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia during a Sternberg Task: A wavelet analysis." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.466.

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BackgroundIncreasing body of evidence suggest that patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) present dysfunction of the gamma band oscillations (GBO) during cognitive tasks. The current study aimed to explore the GBO activity in SCZ during a Sternberg task.Materials and methodsTwenty-eight chronic stabilized SCZ and 18 healthy controls (HC), were recruited. Ongoing EEG was recorded during the execution of the Sternberg task. Continuous EEG data were band-pass filtered (1–100 Hz) and corrected for eye blink and muscle artefacts by ICA. For each subject, the event-related-spectral-perturbation (ERSP) and the inter-trial-coherence (ITC) were computed at the Pz channel only for those stimulus-locked segments containing correct responses. GBO wavelet analysis was performed with two different increasing cycle ranges (3 to 5.8 and 12 to 22.6; frequency range: 30–90 Hz), to obtain the best information about temporal and frequency dynamics. Student's t test (with multiple comparisons FDR correction) was used to compare the groups.ResultsDuring the manteinance phase (4000 to 4600 ms after the stimulus onset), SCZ presented a significant increase, respect to HC, in low GBO activity (range: 30-50 Hz;). In the other phases of the Sternberg task (encoding, probe presentation and response periods), no significant difference in GBO was observed between SCZ and HC.ConclusionsThese findings are in line with the evidence that GBO dysfunction in SCZ is present during selective phases of the working memory task. Future studies have to clarify the role of GBO dysfunction on the cognitive performance and the clinical utility of selective GBO modulation during cognitive rehabilitation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Canali, P., S. Casarotto, M. Rosanova, G. Sferrazza-Papa, A. G. Casali, O. Gosseries, M. Massimini, E. Smeraldi, C. Colombo, and F. Benedetti. "Abnormal brain oscillations persist after recovery from bipolar depression." European Psychiatry 41, no. 1 (2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.10.005.

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AbstractWhen directly perturbed in healthy subjects, premotor cortical areas generate electrical oscillations in the beta range (20–40 Hz). In schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder (BD), these oscillations are markedly reduced, in terms of amplitude and frequency. However, it still remains unclear whether these abnormalities can be modulated over time, or if they can be still observed after treatment. Here, we employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with EEG to assess the frontal oscillatory activity in eighteen BD patients before/after antidepressant treatments (sleep deprivation and light therapy), relative to nine healthy controls. In order to detect dominant frequencies, event related spectral perturbations (ERSP) were computed for each TMS/EEG session in all participants, using wavelet decomposition. The natural frequency at which the cortical circuit oscillates was calculated as the frequency value with the largest power across 300 ms post-stimulus time interval. Severity of depression markedly decreased after treatment with 12 patients achieving response and nine patients achieving remission. TMS/EEG resulted in a significant activation of the beta/gamma band response (21–50 Hz) in healthy controls. In patients, the main frequencies of premotor EEG responses to TMS did not significantly change before/after treatment and were always significantly lower than those of controls (11–27 Hz) and comparable in patients achieving remission and in those not responding to treatment. These results suggest that the reduction of natural frequencies is a trait marker of BD, independent from the clinical status of the patients. The present findings shed light on the neurobiological underpinning of severe psychiatric disorders and demonstrate that TMS/EEG represents a unique tool to develop biomarkers in psychiatry.
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Fischer, P., W. Hälg, and F. Hulliger. "Magnetic ordering in HoBi, HoS, ErS and ErSe." Physica B+C 130, no. 1-3 (May 1985): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4363(85)90303-1.

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Chikara, Rupesh Kumar, and Li-Wei Ko. "Global Neural Activities Changes under Human Inhibitory Control Using Translational Scenario." Brain Sciences 10, no. 9 (September 16, 2020): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10090640.

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This study presents a new approach to exploring human inhibition in a realistic scenario. In previous inhibition studies, the stimulus design of go/no-go task generally used a simple symbol for the go and stop signals. We can understand the neural activity of inhibition through simple symbol scenario. In the real world, situations of human inhibition are more complex than performing an experiment in the laboratory scale. How to explore the neural activities of inhibition in a realistic environment is more complex. Consequently, we designed a battlefield scenario to investigate the neural activities of inhibition in a more realistic environmental setting. The battlefield scenario provides stronger emotion, motivation and real-world experiences for participants during inhibition. In the battlefield scenario, the signs of fixation, go and stop were replaced by images of a sniper scope, a target and a non-target. The battlefield scenario is a shooting game between the enemy and the soldiers. In battlefield scenario participants played the role of the soldiers for shooting target and to stop shooting when a non-target appeared. Electroencephalography (EEG) signals from twenty participants were acquired and analyzed using independent component analysis (ICA) and dipole source localization method. The results of event-related potential (ERP) showed a significant modulation of the peaks N1, N2 and P3 in the frontal and cingulate cortices under inhibitory control. The partially overlapping ERP N2 and P3 waves were associated with inhibition in the frontal cortex. The ERP N2, N1 and P3 waves in the cingulate cortex are related to sustained attention, motivation, emotion and inhibitory control. In addition, the event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) results shows that the powers of the delta and theta bands increased significantly in the frontal and cingulate cortices under human inhibitory control. The EEG-ERP waves and power spectra in the frontal and cingulate cortices were found more increased than in the parietal, occipital, left and right motor cortices after successful stop. These findings provide new insights to understand the global neural activities changes during human inhibitory control with realistic environmental scenario.
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Md Yassin, Siti Norhayati, Nugraha Priya Utama, and Maheza Irna Mohamad Salim. "Study on empathetic-pain perception in brain induced by three levels of empathetic-pain perception stimuli." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 13, no. 4-2 (December 17, 2017): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v13n4-2.764.

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Empathetic-pain perception is a divergence from empathy which is a pain perceived as a reflection of perception from others. The study of empathetic-pain perception and empathy were always related with psychological disorder effecting social and humanity values. The process involved in empathetic-pain perception formations in brain were believed to be different if induced by different level of empathetic-pain perception stimuli. Therefore, this paper was aimed to study the processes involved in empathetic-pain perception formation by revealing the activation-time intervals and source location of the highest empathetic-pain perception intensity. This study conducted an experiment to induce empathetic-pain perception on 16 participants using still pictures as visual-stimuli. Electroencephalograph (EEG) recorded brain signal of the participants during the visual-stimuli presentations while the EEG signal were analysed using MATLAB® toolbox, EEGLAB. Time/frequency decomposition in EEGLAB produces ERSP images which determines the activation-time intervals for empathetic-pain perception and, by performing source localization within the activation-time intervals using sLORETA, the source locations for most active processes in empathetic-pain perception were determined. The processes involved in empathetic-pain perception formation in every level were ‘stimuli-learning’ and ‘memory-reconstructions’ by Posterior Cingulate BA 30, pain-regulation by either Postcentral Gyrus BA 2, Cingulate Gyrus BA 24 or both, and visual-stimuli and visual-memory processing by Lingual Gyrus at almost similar time intervals. However, the processes were also performed by various brain areas to either perform attention-sustain process while managed working memory and self-control regulation by Middle Frontal Gyrus BA 46, mirror-neurons activation while processed attention information and emotions by Inferior Parietal Lobule BA 40, multisensory integration by Superior Temporal Gyrus BA 22, or motor-neurons activation to control the skeletal system respectively in every level by Paracentral Lobule BA 6 and Precentral Gyrus BA44. In conclusion, the empathetic-pain perception formation process discovery were necessary to differentiate every affectional level of the empathetic-pain perception.
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Azan, Wilfrid, Jean-Philippe Bootz, and O. Rolland. "Community of practices, knowledge transfer, and ERP project (ERPP)." Knowledge Management Research & Practice 15, no. 2 (May 2017): 238–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41275-017-0047-9.

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Ho, Ming Chung, Chin Fei Huang, Chia Yi Chou, Ming Chi Lu, Chen Hsieh, and Chia Ju Liu. "Different Frequency Bands of Electromagnetic Wave on Age-Related Developmental Changes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.480.

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Brain dynamics is an important issue in understanding child development. However, very little research of the event-related responses has been used to explore changes during childhood. The aim of this study was to investigate mature changes in spatiotemporal organization of brain dynamics. We hypothesized that oscillatory event-related brain activity were affected by age-related changes. The sample include three age groups, namely 7 years (N = 18), 11 years (N = 18), and adults (N = 18). The event-related spectral power (ERPSP), and inter-trial phase locking (ITPL) of the event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained from the time-frequency analysis of the auditory oddball task. Results revealed that: (a) decreased theta power, but alpha power increased with age; (b) the values of ITPL in the theta and alpha bands increased with age. These suggest that ERPSP, and ITPL provide useful indicators of cognitive maturation processes in children aged 7 and 11 years.
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Mason, Michael G., and G. Eric Schaller. "Histidine kinase activity and the regulation of ethylene signal transduction." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-053.

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Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that regulates many aspects of plant growth and development. Although the effect of ethylene on plant growth was discovered a century ago, the key players in the ethylene response pathway were only identified over the last 15 years. In Arabidopsis, ethylene is perceived by a family of five receptors (ETR1, ETR2, ERS1, ERS2, and EIN4) that resemble two-component histidine kinases. Of these, only ETR1 and ERS1 contain all the conserved residues required for histidine kinase activity. The ethylene receptors appear to function primarily through CTR1, a serine/threonine kinase that actively suppresses ethylene responses in air (absence of ethylene). Despite recent progress toward understanding ethylene signal transduction, the role of the ethylene-receptor histidine-kinase activity remains unclear. This review considers the significance of histidine kinase activity in ethylene signaling and possible mechanisms by which it may modulate ethylene responses.Key words: ethylene receptor, ETR1, histidine kinase, two-component, phosphorylation, Arabidopsis.
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Solomos*, Theo, Prabodh Trivedi, Mehar Asif, Neelam Pathak, and Autar Mattoo. "Temporary Relationship Between C2 H4 Evolution and C2 H4 Recptor Genes." HortScience 39, no. 4 (July 2004): 846C—846. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.846c.

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`Granny Smith' apples were stored at 1 °C, 5 °C and 20 °C, then treated at the preclimacteric stage with 2 ppm MCP, various O2 concentrations, and MCP + low O2. All the treatments greatly retarded the onset of the C2 H4 climacteric, and hence ripening. MCP + low O2 was much more effective than were the applications of MCP and low O2 singly. Even at 20 °C, 4.04 kPa O2 inhibited the rise in C2 H4 evolution for 145 d. Neither low O2 nor MCP inhibited the System 1 C2 H4 evolution. The suppression of the climacteric rise in C2 H4 evolution was accompanied by a strong inhibition of the accumulation of ERS1 C2 H4 receptor and ACS transcripts. On the other hand, ETR1 receptor was constitutively expressed. When climacteric fruits were treated with MCP, and with low O2 + MCP the rate of C2 H4 evolution decreased sharply. This occurred simultaneously with a decrease in ERS1 mRNA. Moreover, the decrease in ERS1 mRNA paralleled the decrease in C2 H4 evolution. The data thus indicate that the initiation and sustainment of the C2 H4 climacteric requires the presence of functional C2 H4 receptors. The expression of ETR2 and ERS2 is also under investigation.
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Newman, Mike, and Chris Westrup. "Making ERPs work: accountants and the introduction of ERP systems." European Journal of Information Systems 14, no. 3 (September 2005): 258–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ejis.3000539.

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34

Vaez, Aminollah, and Zahra Nourbakhsh. "The Magnetic and Optical Properties of ErP and ErSb Nanolayers." Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism 28, no. 3 (September 3, 2014): 943–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10948-014-2688-8.

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35

Abdelrahim, Maen, Shengxi Liu, and Stephen Safe. "Induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum-induced Stress Genes in Panc-1 Pancreatic Cancer Cells Is Dependent on Sp Proteins." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 16 (March 8, 2005): 16508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.c500030200.

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Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in multiple diseases, and pharmacologically active drugs can induce cell death through ER stress pathways. Stress-induced genes are activated through assembly of transcription factors on ER stress response elements (ERSEs) in target gene promoters. Gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays have confirmed interactions of NF-Y and YY1 with the distal motifs of the tripartite ERSE from the glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) gene promoter. The GC-rich nonanucleotide (N9) sequence, which forms the ER stress response binding factor (ERSF) complex binds TFII-I and ATF6; however, we have now shown that in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells, this complex also binds Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 proteins. Sp proteins are constitutively bound to the ERSE; however, activation of GRP78 protein (or reporter gene) by thapsigargin or tunicamycin is inhibited after cotransfection with small inhibitory RNAs for Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4. This study demonstrates that Sp transcription factors are important for stress-induced responses through their binding to ERSEs.
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Flouzat, Guy, Florence Laporterie, Marie-Jose Lefevre-Fonollosa, and Erick Lopez-Ornelas. "PRESENT TRENDS IN EARTH TERRESTRIAL SURFACES OBSERVATION FROM SPACE. EXPECTED PAYLOADS, DATA COOPERATION AND IMAGE ANALYSIS." Image Analysis & Stereology 21, no. 4 (May 3, 2011): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v21.ps87-s97.

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This paper presents remote sensing sensors: SPOT and LANDSAT systems are the most important providers of data in the 10-30 m spatial resolution range; NOAA (AVHRR radiometer) and SPOT4-5 (VEGETATION radiometer) provide coarse spatial resolution (-1 km) but high frequency data. Microwave sensors are more recently available (radar on board of ERSl, ERS2, and RADARSAT). The principal methods of data cooperation to get benefits of these new technologies are described. Many combinations in the field of data fusion will contribute to enhance the perception of the terrestrial surfaces. A tentative review of this domain is proposed after a recall of a general definition. Finally, the present trends in image analysis for remote sensing coming from the evolution of the orbital sensors are developed.
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Campos, Emilie, Chad Hazlett, Patricia Tan, Holly Truong, Sandra Loo, Charlotte DiStefano, Shafali Jeste, and Damla Şentürk. "Principle ERP reduction and analysis: Estimating and using principle ERP waveforms underlying ERPs across tasks, subjects and electrodes." NeuroImage 212 (May 2020): 116630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116630.

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38

D’Angiulli, Amedeo, Darren Kenney, Dao Anh Thu Pham, Etienne Lefebvre, Justin Bellavance, and Derrick Matthew Buchanan. "Neurofunctional Symmetries and Asymmetries during Voluntary out-of- and within-Body Vivid Imagery Concurrent with Orienting Attention and Visuospatial Detection." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (August 23, 2021): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081549.

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We explored whether two visual mental imagery experiences may be differentiated by electroencephalographic (EEG) and performance interactions with concurrent orienting external attention (OEA) to stimulus location and subsequent visuospatial detection. We measured within-subject (N = 10) event-related potential (ERP) changes during out-of-body imagery (OBI)—vivid imagery of a vertical line outside of the head/body—and within-body imagery (WBI)—vivid imagery of the line within one’s own head. Furthermore, we measured ERP changes and line offset Vernier acuity (hyperacuity) performance concurrent with those imagery, compared to baseline detection without imagery. Relative to OEA baseline, OBI yielded larger N200 and P300, whereas WBI yielded larger P50, P100, N400, and P800. Additionally, hyperacuity dropped significantly when concurrent with both imagery types. Partial least squares analysis combined behavioural performance, ERPs, and/or event-related EEG band power (ERBP). For both imagery types, hyperacuity reduction correlated with opposite frontal and occipital ERP amplitude and polarity changes. Furthermore, ERP modulation and ERBP synchronizations for all EEG frequencies correlated inversely with hyperacuity. Dipole Source Localization Analysis revealed unique generators in the left middle temporal gyrus (WBI) and in the right frontal middle gyrus (OBI), whereas the common generators were in the left precuneus and middle occipital cortex (cuneus). Imagery experiences, we conclude, can be identified by symmetric and asymmetric combined neurophysiological-behavioural patterns in interactions with the width of attentional focus.
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Shiraishi, Takayuki, Masako Okusa, Takeshi Kubo, and Yasuhiro Nageishi. "Event-relased Potentials (ERP) in Cochlear Implant Recipients. 2. Results of the ERPs." AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 36, no. 6 (1993): 757–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4295/audiology.36.757.

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Soimakallio, S., A. Pirinen, and M. Suhonen. "Digitalisierte endoskopisch-retrograde Pankreatographie (D-ERP): Vergleich mit endoskopisch-retrograder Cholangio-Pankreatikographie (ERCP)." RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 148, no. 06 (June 1988): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1048264.

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Cruz, Aniana, Gabriel Pires, and Urbano J. Nunes. "Double ErrP Detection for Automatic Error Correction in an ERP-Based BCI Speller." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 26, no. 1 (January 2018): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2755018.

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42

Sai, Liyang, Xiaohong Lin, J. Peter Rosenfeld, Biao Sang, Xiaoqing Hu, and Genyue Fu. "Novel, ERP-based, concealed information detection: Combining recognition-based and feedback-evoked ERPs." Biological Psychology 114 (February 2016): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2015.11.011.

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43

Ku, Yixuan, Bo Hong, Xiaorong Gao, and Shangkai Gao. "Spectra-temporal patterns underlying mental addition: An ERP and ERD/ERS study." Neuroscience Letters 472, no. 1 (March 2010): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2010.01.040.

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WOLDORFF, MARTY G. "Distortion of ERP averages due to overlap from temporally adjacent ERPs: Analysis and correction." Psychophysiology 30, no. 1 (January 30, 2007): 98–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1993.tb03209.x.

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Saito, Y., T. Yamamoto, T. Kobayashi, and K. Arakawa. "Study of individual differences in ERP by multivariate analysis of a few single trial ERPs." Computers & Industrial Engineering 27, no. 1-4 (September 1994): 381–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-8352(94)90314-x.

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46

Tønnesen, Christer Julseth, Juliet Young, Tom Glomsaker, Tom Mala, Magnus Løberg, Michael Bretthauer, Erle Refsum, and Lars Aabakken. "Laparoscopy-assisted versus balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass." Endoscopy 52, no. 08 (April 21, 2020): 654–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1139-9313.

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Background Patients who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are at increased risk of biliary disease necessitating endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The most widely used approaches to perform ERCP after RYGB are laparoscopy-assisted ERCP (LA-ERCP) and balloon enteroscopy-assisted ERCP (BEA-ERCP). There are few studies comparing these procedures. We aimed to compare the performance, benefits, and harms of LA-ERCP and BEA-ERCP in RYGB patients. Methods We identified all RYGB patients who underwent ERCP at two tertiary care endoscopy centers in Oslo, Norway between May 2013 and December 2017. One center performed BEA-ERCP, the other LA-ERCP. Procedure success was defined as fulfillment of the therapeutic or diagnostic aim, according to the procedure description. Adverse events were classified according to the Clavien–Dindo grading system. Results During the study period, 40 BEA-ERCP and 39 LA-ERCP procedures were performed in 68 patients. Procedure success rate was 72.5 % for BEA-ERCP and 87.2 % for LA-ERCP (P = 0.14). Adverse events occurred in 18 % of BEA-ERCP and 28 % of LA-ERCP (P = 0.23). Serious adverse events (Clavien–Dindo grade ≥ 3b) occurred in 2.5 % of BEA-ERCP and 7.7 % of LA-ERCP procedures (P = 0.36). Concomitant cholecystectomy was performed in 25 of the 39 LA-ERCP procedures. The median procedure times for LA-ERCP performed with and without concomitant cholecystectomy were 201 minutes and 140 minutes, respectively, and for BEA-ERCP was 125 minutes. Conclusions In experienced hands, both LA-ERCP and BEA-ERCP have high success rates after RYGB. The choice of approach should be individualized according to patient characteristics and available physician competence.
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Reinking, Mark F., Tricia M. Austin, and Ann M. Hayes. "Risk Factors for Self-Reported Exercise-Related Leg Pain in High School Cross-Country Athletes." Journal of Athletic Training 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.1.51.

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Abstract Context: Prevention of exercise-related leg pain (ERLP) has not been successful because ERLP risk factors are not well known. Objective: To determine the percentage of high school cross-country (XC) athletes who reported a history of ERLP in their running careers, to identify the percentage of athletes who reported an occurrence of ERLP during 1 XC season, and to investigate the association of selected factors (age, high school year, years of high school running, sex, ERLP history, body mass index [BMI], foot type, and training distance) and the occurrence of ERLP. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Six local high schools. Patients or Other Participants: One hundred twenty-five high school XC athletes (62 females, 63 males). Main Outcome Measure(s): All athletes completed an initial ERLP questionnaire, and foot type was visually assessed. After the season, athletes were asked to complete a Web-based questionnaire regarding the seasonal occurrence of ERLP. Statistical analyses of differences (t tests) and associations (χ2, relative risk) were conducted. Results: A total of 103 of the 125 athletes (82.4%) reported a history of ERLP, with 81 athletes reporting ERLP occurrence within the month preceding completion of the initial questionnaire. Bilateral medial leg pain was the most common ERLP presentation. More than half of the athletes (58.4%) with an ERLP history reported that the pain had interfered with XC participation. Ninety-three athletes responded to the postseason questionnaire, and 45 (48.0%) reported ERLP seasonal occurrence. Most athletes (97.8%) who experienced the seasonal occurrence of ERLP had a history of ERLP. No associations were noted between ERLP history or seasonal occurrence and age, high school year, years of high school running, sex, BMI, foot type, or training distance. Conclusions: Both a history of ERLP and the seasonal occurrence of ERLP were common among these XC athletes. The only risk factor identified for ERLP season occurrence was ERLP history.
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Tanase, Koji, and Kazuo Ichimura. "Expression of ethylene receptors Dl-ERS1-3 and Dl-ERS2, and ethylene response during flower senescence in Delphinium." Journal of Plant Physiology 163, no. 11 (November 2006): 1159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2005.12.003.

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Soltanpour, A., H. Nahavandchi, and K. Ghazavi. "Recovery of marine gravity anomalies from ERS1, ERS2 and ENVISAT satellite altimetry data for geoid computations over Norway." Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica 51, no. 3 (July 2007): 369–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11200-007-0021-8.

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Habib, Mudasir, Hilal Ahmad Dar, Mushtaq Ahmad Khan, Altaf Hussain Shah, Showkat Ali Zargar, Bhagat Singh, Nadeem Ahmad Sheikh, Aadil Ashraf, and Sozia Mohammad. "Clinical Profile, Complications, Management, and Outcome of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A North Indian Study." Journal of Digestive Endoscopy 09, no. 04 (October 2018): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jde.jde_21_18.

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ABSTRACT Aim: The aim of this study was to assess clinical profile, complications, management, and outcome of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis. Methods: In this prospective study, 1320 patients were followed for the development of post‑ERCP pancreatitis. Post‑ERCP complications and outcome were assessed. Results: The percentage of post‑ERCP pancreatitis in our patients was 5.3%. The mean age of patients with post‑ERCP pancreatitis was 49.9 years. About 15.7% of the patients who developed post‑ERCP pancreatitis experienced complications in the form of respiratory failure and sepsis. Conclusion: The incidence of post‑ERCP pancreatitis was 5.3%. The major complications after post‑ERCP pancreatitis were respiratory failure and sepsis. The outcome of post‑ERCP pancreatitis was good, as there was no mortality. However, majority of patients with severe post‑ERCP pancreatitis developed sepsis and received antibiotics.
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