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Journal articles on the topic 'Escherichia coli Genetics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Lorenz, E., M. D. Plamann, and G. V. Stauffer. "Escherichia coli." MGG Molecular & General Genetics 250, no. 1 (1996): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050053.

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2

Gottesman, S. "Genetics of Proteolysis in Escherichia Coli." Annual Review of Genetics 23, no. 1 (December 1989): 163–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.23.120189.001115.

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3

Milkman, Roger. "Recombination and Population Structure in Escherichia coli." Genetics 146, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.3.745.

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4

Reynolds, Mary G. "Compensatory Evolution in Rifampin-Resistant Escherichia coli." Genetics 156, no. 4 (December 1, 2000): 1471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/156.4.1471.

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Abstract This study examines the intrinsic fitness burden associated with RNA polymerase (rpoB) mutations conferring rifampin resistance in Escherichia coli K12 (MG1655) and explores the nature of adaptation to the costs of resistance. Among 28 independent Rifr mutants, the per-generation fitness burden (in the absence of rifampin) ranged from 0 to 28%, with a median of 6.4%. We detected no relationship between the magnitude of the cost and the level of resistance. Adaptation to the costs of rif resistance was studied by following serial transfer cultures for several Rifr mutants both in the p

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5

Thaler, D. S., G. Tombline, and K. Zahn. "Short-patch reverse transcription in Escherichia coli." Genetics 140, no. 3 (July 1, 1995): 909–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/140.3.909.

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Abstract Chimeras of RNA and DNA have distinctive physical and biological properties. Chimeric oligonucleotides that contained one, two or three ribonucleotides whose phosphodiester backbone was covalently continuous with DNA were synthesized. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to assess genetic information transfer from the ribonucleotide positions. Transfer was scored by the formation or reversion of an ochre site that also corresponded to a restriction cleavage site. This allowed physical as well as genetic assay of mutational events. Bases attached to the ribonucleotides were able to accur

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6

Friedman-Ohana, Rachel, Iris Karunker, and Amikam Cohen. "Chi-Dependent Intramolecular Recombination in Escherichia coli." Genetics 148, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.2.545.

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Abstract Homologous recombination in Escherichia coli is enhanced by a cis-acting octamer sequence named Chi (5′-GCTGGTGG-3′) that interacts with RecBCD. To gain insight into the mechanism of Chi-enhanced recombination, we recruited an experimental system that permits physical monitoring of intramolecular recombination by linear substrates released by in vivo restriction from infecting chimera phage. Recombination of the released substrates depended on recA, recBCD and cis-acting Chi octamers. Recombination proficiency was lowered by a xonA mutation and by mutations that inactivated the RuvABC

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7

Volkert, Michael R., Dinh C. Nguyen, and K. Christopher Beard. "ESCHERICHIA COLI GENE INDUCTION BY ALKYLATION TREATMENT." Genetics 112, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/112.1.11.

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ABSTRACT Searches for alkylation-inducible (aid) genes of Escherichia coli have been conducted by screening random fusions of the Mu-dl(ApR lac) phage for fusions showing increased β-galactosidase activity after treatment with methylating agents, but not after treatments with UV-irradiation. In this report we describe gene fusions that are specifically induced by alkylation treatments. Nine new mutants are described, and their properties are compared with the five mutants described previously. The total of 14 fusion mutants map at five distinct genetic loci. They can be further subdivided on t

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8

Cooke, E. Mary. "Escherichia coli – an overview." Journal of Hygiene 95, no. 3 (December 1985): 523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s022217240006065x.

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The isolation and description of Bacillus coli commune by Escherich a hundred years ago marked the start of a series of scientific investigations which have led to some of the most important discoveries in microbial pathogenicity and genetics that have been made since that time. It is not difficult to find the reasons why so much effort has been concentrated on this organism. Escherichia coli is present in the gut of all warm-blooded animals generally forming the predominant aerobic flora; it is of medical and veterinary importance being responsible for a variety of infections in the human and

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9

Lederberg, Joshua. "Genetic Recombination in Escherichia coli: Disputation at Cold Spring Harbor, 1946–1996." Genetics 144, no. 2 (October 1, 1996): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.2.439.

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10

Guttman, D. S., and D. E. Dykhuizen. "Detecting selective sweeps in naturally occurring Escherichia coli." Genetics 138, no. 4 (December 1, 1994): 993–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/138.4.993.

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Abstract The nucleotide sequences of the gapA and pabB genes (separated by approximately 32.5 kb) were determined in 12 natural isolates of Escherichia coli. Three analyses were performed on the data. First, the levels of polymorphism at the loci were compared within and between E. coli and Salmonella strains relative to their degrees of constraint. Second, the gapA and pabB loci were analyzed by the Hudson-Kreitman-Aguadé (HKA) test for selective neutrality. Four additional dispersed genes (crr, putP, trp and gnd) were added to the analysis to provide the necessary frame of reference. Finally

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11

Schaaper, R. M., and R. L. Dunn. "Spontaneous mutation in the Escherichia coli lacI gene." Genetics 129, no. 2 (October 1, 1991): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/129.2.317.

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Abstract To gain more detailed insight into the nature and mechanisms of spontaneous mutations, we undertook a DNA sequence analysis of a large collection of spontaneous mutations in the N-terminal region of the Escherichia coli lacI gene. This region of circa 210 base pairs is the target for dominant lacI mutations (i-d) and is suitable for studies of mutational specificity since it contains a relatively high density of detectable mutable sites. Among 414 independent i-d mutants, 70.8% were base substitutions, 17.2% deletions, 7.7% additions and 4.3% single-base frameshifts. The base substitu

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12

Allgood, N. D., and T. J. Silhavy. "Escherichia coli xonA (sbcB) mutants enhance illegitimate recombination." Genetics 127, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/127.4.671.

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Abstract Mutations of Escherichia coli K-12 were isolated that increase the frequency of deletion formation. Three of these mutations map to the gene sbcB at 43.5 min on the E. coli chromosome. Two types of mutations at sbcB have been previously defined: sbcB-type that suppress both the UV sensitivity and recombination deficiency of recBC mutants, and xonA-type that suppress only the UV sensitivity. Both types are defective for production of exonuclease I activity. The mutations isolated here were similar to xonA alleles of sbcB because they suppressed the UV sensitivity of recBC mutants but d

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13

McKane, M., and R. Milkman. "Transduction, restriction and recombination patterns in Escherichia coli." Genetics 139, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/139.1.35.

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Abstract Chromosomal DNA from several Escherichia coli reference (ECOR) strains was transduced by bacteriophage P1 into E. coli strain K12 W3110 trpA33. Recombination patterns of the transductants were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism over a 40-kb region centering on a single marker (trpA+) in the tryptophan operon. These experiments demonstrate that transduction between different strains of E. coli can result in recombinational replacements that are small in comparison to the entrant molecule (replacements average 8-14 kb, whereas P1 packages approximately 100 kb) often

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14

Schaaper, Roel M. "Antimutator Mutants in Bacteriophage T4 and Escherichia coli." Genetics 148, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.4.1579.

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Abstract Antimutators are mutant strains that have reduced mutation rates compared to the corresponding wild-type strain. Their existence, along with mutator mutants that have higher mutation rates compared to the wild-type strain, are powerful evidence that mutation rates are genetically controlled. Compared to mutator mutants, antimutators have a very distinguishing property. Because they prevent normally occurring mutations, they, uniquely, are capable of providing insight into the mechanisms of spontaneous mutations. In this review, antimutator mutants are discussed in bacteriophage T4 and

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15

Otsuka, Yuichi, and Tetsuro Yonesaki. "A Novel Endoribonuclease, RNase LS, in Escherichia coli." Genetics 169, no. 1 (January 2005): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.033290.

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16

Bichara, Marc, Isabelle Pinet, Sylvie Schumacher, and Robert P. P. Fuchs. "Mechanisms of Dinucleotide Repeat Instability in Escherichia coli." Genetics 154, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/154.2.533.

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Abstract The high level of polymorphism of microsatellites has been used for a variety of purposes such as positional cloning of genes associated with diseases, forensic medicine, and phylogenetic studies. The discovery that microsatellites are associated with human diseases, not only as markers of risk but also directly in disease pathogenesis, has triggered a renewed interest in understanding the mechanism of their instability. In this work we have investigated the role of DNA replication, long patch mismatch repair, and transcription on the genetic instability of all possible combinations o

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17

Eichenbaum, Zehava, and Zvi Livneh. "UV Light Induces IS10 Transposition in Escherichia coli." Genetics 149, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 1173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/149.3.1173.

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Abstract A new mutagenesis assay system based on the phage 434 cI gene carried on a low-copy number plasmid was used to investigate the effect of UV light on intermolecular transposition of IS10. Inactivation of the target gene by IS10 insertion was detected by the expression of the tet gene from the phage 434 PR promoter, followed by Southern blot analysis of plasmids isolated from TetR colonies. UV irradiation of cells harboring the target plasmid and a donor plasmid carrying an IS10 element led to an increase of up to 28-fold in IS10 transposition. Each UV-induced transposition of IS10 was

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18

Vulić, Marin, and Roberto Kolter. "Evolutionary Cheating in Escherichia coli Stationary Phase Cultures." Genetics 158, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 519–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/158.2.519.

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Abstract Starved cultures of Escherichia coli are highly dynamic, undergoing frequent population shifts. The shifts result from the spread of mutants able to grow under conditions that impose growth arrest on the ancestral population. To analyze competitive interactions underlying this dynamic we measured the survival of a typical mutant and the wild type during such population shifts. Here we show that the survival advantage of the mutant at any given time during a takeover is inversely dependent on its frequency in the population, its growth adversely affects the survival of the wild type, a

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19

Koga, Mitsunori, Yuichi Otsuka, Sébastien Lemire, and Tetsuro Yonesaki. "Escherichia coli rnlAandrnlBCompose a Novel Toxin–Antitoxin System." Genetics 187, no. 1 (October 26, 2010): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.110.121798.

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20

Tenaillon, Olivier, David Skurnik, Bertrand Picard, and Erick Denamur. "The population genetics of commensal Escherichia coli." Nature Reviews Microbiology 8, no. 3 (March 2010): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2298.

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21

Denamur, Erick, Olivier Clermont, Stéphane Bonacorsi, and David Gordon. "The population genetics of pathogenic Escherichia coli." Nature Reviews Microbiology 19, no. 1 (August 21, 2020): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0416-x.

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22

Zhulin, Igor B. "Classic Spotlight: Genetics of Escherichia coli Chemotaxis." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 22 (October 21, 2016): 3041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00687-16.

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23

Lutkenhaus, Joe. "Escherichia coli cell division." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 3, no. 5 (October 1993): 783–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80099-1.

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24

Minakami, H., and I. Fridovich. "Alcohols Protect Escherichia coli against Cold Shock." Experimental Biology and Medicine 197, no. 2 (June 1, 1991): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3181/00379727-197-43240.

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25

Slavchenko, I. Yu, E. V. Boreyko, N. V. Vorobey, T. G. Gavrysh, E. N. Pehota, and V. A. Kordyum. "Overexpression and purification of methionine aminopeptidase from Escherichia coli." Biopolymers and Cell 19, no. 3 (May 20, 2003): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/bc.00065c.

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26

Radman, M., and R. Wagner. "Mismatch Repair in Escherichia Coli." Annual Review of Genetics 20, no. 1 (December 1986): 523–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.20.120186.002515.

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27

Marinus, M. G. "DNA Methylation in Escherichia Coli." Annual Review of Genetics 21, no. 1 (December 1987): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ge.21.120187.000553.

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28

Miller, Jeffrey H. "Mutators in Escherichia coli." Mutation Research/DNA Repair 409, no. 3 (December 1998): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8777(98)00049-4.

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29

Cairns, J., and P. L. Foster. "Adaptive reversion of a frameshift mutation in Escherichia coli." Genetics 128, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 695–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/128.4.695.

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Abstract Mutation rates are generally thought not to be influenced by selective forces. This doctrine rests on the results of certain classical studies of the mutations that make bacteria resistant to phages and antibiotics. We have studied a strain of Escherichia coli which constitutively expresses a lacI-lacZ fusion containing a frameshift mutation that renders it Lac-. Reversion to Lac+ is a rare event during exponential growth but occurs in stationary cultures when lactose is the only source of energy. No revertants accumulate in the absence of lactose, or in the presence of lactose if the

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30

Schofield, M. A., R. Agbunag, and J. H. Miller. "DNA inversions between short inverted repeats in Escherichia coli." Genetics 132, no. 2 (October 1, 1992): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/132.2.295.

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Abstract Using site-specific mutagenesis in vitro, we have constructed Escherichia coli strains that allow the detection of the inversion of an 800-bp segment in the lac region. The invertible segment is bounded by inverted repeats of either 12 or 23 bp. Inversions occurring at these inverted repeats will restore the Lac+ phenotype. Inversions can be detected at both short homologies at frequencies ranging from 0.5 x 10(-8) to 1 x 10(-7). These events, which have been verified by DNA sequence analysis, are reduced up to 1000-fold in strains deficient for either RecA, RecB or RecC. They are not

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31

Dean, A. M. "Selection and neutrality in lactose operons of Escherichia coli." Genetics 123, no. 3 (November 1, 1989): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/123.3.441.

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Abstract The kinetics of the permeases and beta-galactosidases of six lactose operons which had been transduced into a common genetic background from natural isolates of Escherichia coli were investigated. The fitnesses conferred by the operons were determined using chemostat competition experiments in which lactose was the sole growth-limiting factor. The cell wall is demonstrated to impose a resistance to the diffusion of galactosides at low substrate concentrations. A steady state model of the flux of lactose through the metabolic pathway (diffusion, uptake and hydrolysis) is shown to be pr

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32

Hill, C. W., G. Feulner, M. S. Brody, S. Zhao, A. B. Sadosky, and C. H. Sandt. "Correlation of Rhs elements with Escherichia coli population structure." Genetics 141, no. 1 (September 1, 1995): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/141.1.15.

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Abstract The Rhs family of composite genetic elements was assessed for variation among independent Escherichia coli strains of the ECOR reference collection. The location and content of the RhsA-B-C-F subfamily correlates highly with the clonal structure of the ECOR collection. This correlation exists at several levels: the presence of Rhs core homology in the strain, the location of the Rhs elements present, and the identity of the Rhs core-extensions associated with each element. A provocative finding was that an identical 1518-bp segment, covering core-extension-b1 and its associated downst

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33

Döring, Volker, and Philippe Marlière. "Reassigning Cysteine in the Genetic Code of Escherichia coli." Genetics 150, no. 2 (October 1, 1998): 543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/150.2.543.

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Abstract We investigated directed deviations from the universal genetic code. Mutant tRNAs that incorporate cysteine at positions corresponding to the isoleucine AUU, AUC, and AUA and methionine AUG codons were introduced in Escherichia coli K12. Missense mutations at the cysteine catalytic site of thymidylate synthase were systematically crossed with synthetic suppressor tRNACys genes coexpressed from compatible plasmids. Strains harboring complementary codon/anticodon associations could be stably propagated as thymidine prototrophs. A plasmid-encoded tRNACys reading the codon AUA persisted f

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34

Le Gac, Mickaël, Michelle D. Brazas, Melanie Bertrand, Jabus G. Tyerman, Christine C. Spencer, Robert E. W. Hancock, and Michael Doebeli. "Metabolic Changes Associated With Adaptive Diversification in Escherichia coli." Genetics 178, no. 2 (February 2008): 1049–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.107.082040.

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35

Yamamoto, K., N. Takahashi, H. Yoshikura, and I. Kobayashi. "Homologous recombination involving a large heterology in Escherichia coli." Genetics 119, no. 4 (August 1, 1988): 759–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.4.759.

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Abstract Recombination between two different deletion alleles of a gene (neo) for neomycin and kanamycin resistance was studied in an Escherichia coli sbcA- recB-C- strain. The two homologous regions were in an inverted orientation on the same plasmid molecule. Kanamycin-resistant plasmids were selected and analyzed. The rate of recombination to form kanamycin-resistant plasmids was decreased by mutations in the recE, recF and recJ genes, but was not decreased by a mutation in the recA gene. It was found that these plasmids often possessed one wild-type kanamycin-resistant allele (neo+) while

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36

Klig, L. S., D. L. Oxender, and C. Yanofsky. "Second-site revertants of Escherichia coli trp repressor mutants." Genetics 120, no. 3 (November 1, 1988): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/120.3.651.

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Abstract Second-site reversion studies were performed with five missense mutants with defects in the trp repressor of Escherichia coli. These mutants were altered throughout the gene. The same unidirectional mutagen used in the isolation of these mutants, hydroxylamine, was used in reversion studies, to increase the likelihood that the revertants obtained would have second-site changes. Most of the second-site revertants were found to have the same amino acid substitutions detected previously as superrepressor changes. These second-site revertant repressors were more active in vivo than their

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37

Pogliano, K. J., and J. Beckwith. "The Cs sec mutants of Escherichia coli reflect the cold sensitivity of protein export itself." Genetics 133, no. 4 (April 1, 1993): 763–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.4.763.

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Abstract We have found that temperature can have a striking effect upon protein export in Escherichia coli, suggesting that there is a cold-sensitive step in the protein export pathway. Cs mutations comprise the largest class of mutations affecting the membrane-localized Sec proteins SecD, SecE, SecF and SecY. Although some of these mutations could encode cold-labile proteins, this is unlikely to account for the Cs phenotype of most export mutants, as mutations which simply produce lower amounts of SecE protein have the same phenotype. Certain signal sequence mutations affecting maltose bindin

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38

Liu, Bin, Axel Furevi, Andrei V. Perepelov, Xi Guo, Hengchun Cao, Quan Wang, Peter R. Reeves, Yuriy A. Knirel, Lei Wang, and Göran Widmalm. "Structure and genetics of Escherichia coli O antigens." FEMS Microbiology Reviews 44, no. 6 (November 28, 2019): 655–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuz028.

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ABSTRACT Escherichia coli includes clonal groups of both commensal and pathogenic strains, with some of the latter causing serious infectious diseases. O antigen variation is current standard in defining strains for taxonomy and epidemiology, providing the basis for many serotyping schemes for Gram-negative bacteria. This review covers the diversity in E. coli O antigen structures and gene clusters, and the genetic basis for the structural diversity. Of the 187 formally defined O antigens, six (O31, O47, O67, O72, O94 and O122) have since been removed and three (O34, O89 and O144) strains do n

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39

Bisercić, M., and H. Ochman. "Natural populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium harbor the same classes of insertion sequences." Genetics 133, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.3.449.

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Abstract Despite their close phylogenetic relationship, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were long considered as having distinct classes of transposable elements maintained by either host-related factors or very restricted gene exchange. In this study, genetically diverse collections of E. coli and S. typhimurium (subgroup I) were surveyed for the presence of several classes of insertion sequences by Southern blot analysis and the polymerase chain reaction. A majority of salmonellae contained IS1 or IS3, elements originally recovered from E. coli, while IS200, a Salmonella-specific

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40

Timoshenko, A. V., L. K. Gerasimova, L. I. Kolupaeva, and S. N. Cherenkevich. "Intercellular aggregation of thymocytes and bacterial cells Escherichia coli." Biopolymers and Cell 7, no. 3 (May 20, 1991): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/bc.0002d8.

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41

Sukhodolets, V. V. "Unequal crossing-over in Escherichia coli." Russian Journal of Genetics 42, no. 11 (November 2006): 1285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s102279540611010x.

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42

Boyd, E. Fidelma, Charles W. Hill, Stephen M. Rich, and Daniel L. Hartl. "Mosaic Structure of Plasmids From Natural Populations of Escherichia coli." Genetics 143, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 1091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/143.3.1091.

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Abstract The distribution of plasmids related to the fertility factor F was examined in the ECOR reference collection of Escherichia coli. Probes specific for four F-related genes were isolated and used to survey the collection by DNA hybridization. To estimate the genetic diversity of genes in F-like plasmids, DNA sequences were obtained for four plasmid genes. The phylogenetic relationships among the plasmids in the ECOR strains is very different from that of the strains themselves. This finding supports the view that plasmid transfer has been frequent within and between the major groups of

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43

Saveson, Catherine J., and Susan T. Lovett. "Enhanced Deletion Formation by Aberrant DNA Replication in Escherichia coli." Genetics 146, no. 2 (June 1, 1997): 457–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.2.457.

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Repeated genes and sequences are prone to genetic rearrangements including deletions. We have investigated deletion formation in Escherichia coli strains mutant for various replication functions. Deletion was selected between 787 base pair tandem repeats carried either on a ColE1-derived plasmid or on the E. coli chromosome. Only mutations in functions associated with DNA Polymerase III elevated deletion rates in our assays. Especially large increases were observed in strains mutant in dnaQ the ϵ editing subunit of Pol III, and dnuB, the replication fork helicase. Mutations in several other fu

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44

Milkman, R., and M. M. Bridges. "Molecular Evolution of the Escherichia Coli Chromosome. III. Clonal Frames." Genetics 126, no. 4 (December 1, 1990): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/126.4.1139.

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45

Milkman, R., and M. M. Bridges. "Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. III. Clonal frames." Genetics 126, no. 3 (November 1, 1990): 505–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/126.3.505.

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Abstract PCR fragments, 1500-bp, from 15 previously sequenced regions in the Escherichia coli chromosome have been compared by restriction analysis in a large set of wild (ECOR) strains. Prior published observations of segmental clonality are confirmed: each of several sequence types is shared by a number of strains. The rate of recombinational replacement and the average size of the replacements are estimated in a set of closely related strains in which a clonal frame is dotted with occasional stretches of DNA belonging to other clones. A clonal hierarchy is described. Some new comparative se

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46

Milkman, R., and M. M. Bridges. "Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. IV. Sequence comparisons." Genetics 133, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 455–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.3.455.

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Abstract DNA sequences have been compared in a 4,400-bp region for Escherichia coli K12 and 36 ECOR strains. Discontinuities in degree of similarity, previously inferred, are confirmed in detail. Three clonal frames are described on the basis of the present local high-resolution data, as well as previous analyses of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) covering small regions more widely dispersed on the chromosome. These three approaches show important consistency. The data illustrate the fact that, in the limited context of intraspeci

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47

Harvey, S., and C. W. Hill. "Exchange of spacer regions between rRNA operons in Escherichia coli." Genetics 125, no. 4 (August 1, 1990): 683–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/125.4.683.

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Abstract The Escherichia coli rRNA operons each have one of two types of spacer separating the 16S and 23S coding regions. The spacers of four operons encode tRNA(Glu2) and the other three encode both tRNA(Ile) and tRNA(Ala1B). We have prepared a series of mutants in which the spacer region of a particular rrn operon has been replaced by the opposite type. Included among these were a mutant retaining only a single copy of the tRNA(Glu2) spacer (at rrnG) and another retaining only a single copy of the tRNA(Ile)-tRNA(Ala1B) spacer (at rrnA). While both mutants grew more slowly than controls, the

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Fijalkowska, I. J., R. L. Dunn, and R. M. Schaaper. "Mutants of Escherichia coli with increased fidelity of DNA replication." Genetics 134, no. 4 (August 1, 1993): 1023–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/134.4.1023.

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Abstract To improve our understanding of the role of DNA replication fidelity in mutagenesis, we undertook a search for Escherichia coli antimutator strains with increased fidelity of DNA replication. The region between 4 and 5 min of the E. coli chromosome was mutagenized using localized mutagenesis mediated by bacteriophage P1. This region contains the dnaE and dnaQ genes, which encode, respectively, the DNA polymerase (alpha subunit) and 3' exonucleolytic proofreading activity (epsilon subunit) of DNA polymerase III holoenzyme, the enzyme primarily responsible for replicating the bacterial

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Kazic, T., and D. E. Berg. "Context effects in the formation of deletions in Escherichia coli." Genetics 126, no. 1 (September 1, 1990): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/126.1.17.

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Abstract We have examined the frequency with which identical deletions are formed in different chromosomal contexts. A panel of six mutant bla genes containing palindrome/direct repeat structures were moved from pBR322 to three locations: at lambda att, at chromosomal lac, and at F'lac. Deletion of the palindromes and one of the direct repeats results in reversion to Ampr. The frequency of deletion for all alleles declines beyond the reduction in copy number when they are moved from the multicopy plasmid environment to a single-copy chromosome. The magnitude of the declines varies in an allele

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Smith, Bradley T., and Graham C. Walker. "Mutagenesis and More: umuDC and the Escherichia coli SOS Response." Genetics 148, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1599–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/148.4.1599.

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Abstract The cellular response to DNA damage that has been most extensively studied is the SOS response of Escherichia coli. Analyses of the SOS response have led to new insights into the transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of processes that increase cell survival after DNA damage as well as insights into DNA-damage-induced mutagenesis, i.e., SOS mutagenesis. SOS mutagenesis requires the recA and umuDC gene products and has as its mechanistic basis the alteration of DNA polymerase III such that it becomes capable of replicating DNA containing miscoding and noncoding lesions. Ongoi

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