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Journal articles on the topic 'Escherichia coli infections Pathogenesis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Hacker, Jörg. "Role of fimbrial adhesins in the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli infections." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 720–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-118.

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Escherichia coli strains are able to cause intestinal (enteritis, diarrhoeal diseases) and extraintestinal (urinary tract infections, sepsis, meningitis) infections. Most pathogenic E. coli strains produce specific fimbrial adhesins, which represent essential colonization factors: intestinal E. coli strains very often carry transferable plasmids with gene clusters specific for fimbrial adhesins, like K88 and K99, or colonization factor antigens (CFA) I and II. In contrast, the fimbrial gene clusters of extraintestinal E. coli strains, such as P, S, or F1C fimbriae, are located on the chromosom

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2

Paton, James C., and Adrienne W. Paton. "Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 11, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 450–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.11.3.450.

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SUMMARY Since their initial recognition 20 years ago, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains have emerged as an important cause of serious human gastrointestinal disease, which may result in life-threatening complications such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Food-borne outbreaks of STEC disease appear to be increasing and, when mass-produced and mass-distributed foods are concerned, can involve large numbers of people. Development of therapeutic and preventative strategies to combat STEC disease requires a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which STEC organisms colonize t

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3

Serna, Antonio, and Edgar C. Boedeker. "Pathogenesis and treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections." Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 24, no. 1 (January 2008): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mog.0b013e3282f2dfb8.

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4

Vel, W. A. C., A. M. J. J. Verweij-Van Vught, F. Namavar, and D. M. MacLaren. "Pathogenesis of mixed infections by Escherichia coli and Bacteroides species." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 51, no. 5-6 (1985): 598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00404584.

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5

Servin, Alain L. "Pathogenesis of Afa/Dr Diffusely Adhering Escherichia coli." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 18, no. 2 (April 2005): 264–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.18.2.264-292.2005.

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SUMMARY Over the last few years, dramatic increases in our knowledge about diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (DAEC) pathogenesis have taken place. The typical class of DAEC includes E. coli strains harboring AfaE-I, AfaE-II, AfaE-III, AfaE-V, Dr, Dr-II, F1845, and NFA-I adhesins (Afa/Dr DAEC); these strains (i) have an identical genetic organization and (ii) allow binding to human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) (Afa/DrDAF subclass) or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (Afa/DrCEA subclass). The atypical class of DAEC includes two subclasses of strains; the atypical subclass 1 includes E. coli s

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6

Tang, Fengyi, and Milton H. Saier. "Transport proteins promoting Escherichia coli pathogenesis." Microbial Pathogenesis 71-72 (June 2014): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2014.03.008.

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7

Neill, Marguerite A. "Pathogenesis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 7, no. 3 (June 1994): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001432-199406000-00003.

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8

Nicholson, Tracy F., Kristin M. Watts, and David A. Hunstad. "OmpA of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Promotes Postinvasion Pathogenesis of Cystitis." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 12 (September 21, 2009): 5245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00670-09.

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ABSTRACT Type 1 pilus directs bladder epithelial binding and invasion by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in the initial stage of cystitis, but the bacterial determinants of postinvasion events in the pathogenesis of cystitis are largely undetermined. We show here that the UPEC outer membrane protein A (OmpA), a monomeric, major, integral protein component of the bacterial outer membrane, functions as a critical determinant of intracellular virulence for UPEC, promoting persistent infection within bladder epithelium. Using a murine urinary tract infection (UTI) model, we demonstrate that

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9

Herthelius, B. M., K. G. Hedström, R. Möllby, Lena Pettersson, J. Winberg, and C. E. Nord. "Pathogenesis of urinary tract infections — Amoxicillin induces genital escherichia coli colonization." Infection 16, no. 5 (September 1988): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01645066.

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10

Bogdanos, Dimitrios P., Harold Baum, Diego Vergani, and Andrew K. Burroughs. "The Role ofE. coliInfection in the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis." Disease Markers 29, no. 6 (2010): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/595078.

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Among various infectious agents possibly involved in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC),Escherichia Coli (E. coli)has received special attention because of epidemiological and experimental evidence linking this bacterium with the disease's development. This review discusses early and more recent epidemiological studies associating recurrent urinary tract infections withE. coliand the development of PBC. We also critically review data provided over the years demonstrating disease-specific humoral and cellular immune responses againstE. coliantigens in patients with PBC. Finally

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Wang, Caihong, Jane W. Symington, Emily Ma, Bin Cao, and Indira U. Mysorekar. "Estrogenic Modulation of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection Pathogenesis in a Murine Menopause Model." Infection and Immunity 81, no. 3 (December 21, 2012): 733–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01234-12.

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ABSTRACTRecurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), primarily caused by uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC), annually affect over 13 million patients in the United States. Menopausal women are disproportionally susceptible, suggesting estrogen deficiency is a significant risk factor for chronic and recurrent UTI. How estrogen status governs susceptibility to UTIs remains unknown, and whether hormone therapy protects against UTIs remains controversial. Here, we used a mouse model of surgical menopause by ovariectomy and demonstrate a protective role for estrogen in UTI pathogenesis. We found tha

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12

Vlisidou, Isabella, Mark Lyte, Pauline M. van Diemen, Pippa Hawes, Paul Monaghan, Timothy S. Wallis, and Mark P. Stevens. "The Neuroendocrine Stress Hormone Norepinephrine Augments Escherichia coli O157:H7-Induced Enteritis and Adherence in a Bovine Ligated Ileal Loop Model of Infection." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 9 (September 2004): 5446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.9.5446-5451.2004.

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ABSTRACT The role of the neuroendocrine environment in the pathogenesis of enteric bacterial infections is increasingly being recognized. Here we report that norepinephrine augments Escherichia coli O157:H7-induced intestinal inflammatory and secretory responses as well as bacterial adherence to intestinal mucosa in a bovine ligated ileal loop model of infection. Norepinephrine modulation of enteritis and adherence was dependent on the ability of E. coli O157:H7 to form attaching and effacing lesions.

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13

Guiton, Pascale S., Corinne K. Cusumano, Kimberly A. Kline, Karen W. Dodson, Zhenfu Han, James W. Janetka, Jeffrey P. Henderson, Michael G. Caparon, and Scott J. Hultgren. "Combinatorial Small-Molecule Therapy Prevents Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Mice." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 56, no. 9 (June 25, 2012): 4738–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00447-12.

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ABSTRACTCatheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) constitute the majority of nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pose significant clinical challenges. These infections are polymicrobial in nature and are often associated with multidrug-resistant pathogens, including uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC). Urinary catheterization elicits major histological and immunological alterations in the bladder that can favor microbial colonization and dissemination in the urinary tract. We report that these biological perturbations impact UPEC pathogenesis and that bacterial reservoir

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14

Stanford, Kim. "Introduction to the Special Issue “Molecular Basis and the Pathogenesis of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Infections”." Toxins 12, no. 12 (December 3, 2020): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12120763.

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15

Li, Ganwu, Claudia Laturnus, Christa Ewers, and Lothar H. Wieler. "Identification of Genes Required for Avian Escherichia coli Septicemia by Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 5 (May 2005): 2818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.5.2818-2827.2005.

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ABSTRACT Infections with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause colibacillosis, an acute and largely systemic disease resulting in significant economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. Although various virulence-associated genes have been identified in APEC, their actual role in pathogenesis is still not fully understood, and, furthermore, certain steps of the infection process have not been related to previously identified factors. Here we describe the application of a signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis (STM) approach to identify critical genes required for APEC infections i

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16

Nataro, James P., and James B. Kaper. "Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 142–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.11.1.142.

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SUMMARY Escherichia coli is the predominant nonpathogenic facultative flora of the human intestine. Some E. coli strains, however, have developed the ability to cause disease of the gastrointestinal, urinary, or central nervous system in even the most robust human hosts. Diarrheagenic strains of E. coli can be divided into at least six different categories with corresponding distinct pathogenic schemes. Taken together, these organisms probably represent the most common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide. Several distinct clinical syndromes accompany infection with diarrheagenic E. coli cate

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17

Terekhov, Vladimir I., Aleksandr S. Tishchenko, and Anastasiya V. Stepanenko. "Exotoxins of pathogenic Escherichia coli." Veterinaria Kubani, no. 5 (October 30, 2020): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33861/2071-8020-2020-5-3-7.

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Escherichia coli is a representative of the natural normal microflora of humans and animals. At the same time, some variants may acquire pathogenic properties that contribute to the occurrence of intestinal and extraintestinal infections. In the pathogenesis of these diseases, the main role is played by exotoxins. Currently, along with the well-known and well-studied toxins of Escherichia coli, there is information about new toxoid structures detected in this pathogen, which play an important role in pathologies in humans and animals. Authors summarized current data on the toxigenic properties

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18

Mulvey, Matthew A., Joel D. Schilling, and Scott J. Hultgren. "Establishment of a Persistent Escherichia coli Reservoir during the Acute Phase of a Bladder Infection." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 7 (July 1, 2001): 4572–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.7.4572-4579.2001.

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ABSTRACT The vast majority of urinary tract infections are caused by strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli that encode filamentous adhesive organelles called type 1 pili. These structures mediate both bacterial attachment to and invasion of bladder epithelial cells. However, the mechanism by which type 1 pilus-mediated bacterial invasion contributes to the pathogenesis of a urinary tract infection is unknown. Here we show that type 1-piliated uropathogens can invade the superficial epithelial cells that line the lumenal surface of the bladder and subsequently replicate, forming massive foc

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19

Jacobsen, S. M., D. J. Stickler, H. L. T. Mobley, and M. E. Shirtliff. "Complicated Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Due to Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 21, no. 1 (January 2008): 26–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00019-07.

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SUMMARY Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) represent the most common type of nosocomial infection and are a major health concern due to the complications and frequent recurrence. These infections are often caused by Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Gram-negative bacterial species that cause CAUTIs express a number of virulence factors associated with adhesion, motility, biofilm formation, immunoavoidance, and nutrient acquisition as well as factors that cause damage to the host. These infections can be reduced by limiting catheter usage and ensuring that health care p

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20

Snyder, Jennifer A., Brian J. Haugen, C. Virginia Lockatell, Nathalie Maroncle, Erin C. Hagan, David E. Johnson, Rodney A. Welch, and Harry L. T. Mobley. "Coordinate Expression of Fimbriae in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 11 (November 2005): 7588–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.11.7588-7596.2005.

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ABSTRACT Uropathogenic Escherichia coli is the most common etiological agent of urinary tract infections. Bacteria can often express multiple adhesins during infection in order to favor attachment to specific niches within the urinary tract. We have recently demonstrated that type 1 fimbria, a phase-variable virulence factor involved in adherence, was the most highly expressed adhesin during urinary tract infection. Here, we examine whether the expression of type 1 fimbriae can affect the expression of other adhesins. Type 1 fimbrial phase-locked mutants of E. coli strain CFT073, which harbors

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21

Pakbin, Babak, Wolfram M. Brück, and John W. A. Rossen. "Virulence Factors of Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli: A Review." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 9922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22189922.

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Escherichia coli are remarkably versatile microorganisms and important members of the normal intestinal microbiota of humans and animals. This harmless commensal organism can acquire a mixture of comprehensive mobile genetic elements that contain genes encoding virulence factors, becoming an emerging human pathogen capable of causing a broad spectrum of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Nine definite enteric E. coli pathotypes have been well characterized, causing diseases ranging from various gastrointestinal disorders to urinary tract infections. These pathotypes employ many virulence

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22

Biernbaum, Erika N., and Indira T. Kudva. "AB5 Enterotoxin-Mediated Pathogenesis: Perspectives Gleaned from Shiga Toxins." Toxins 14, no. 1 (January 16, 2022): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14010062.

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Foodborne diseases affect an estimated 600 million people worldwide annually, with the majority of these illnesses caused by Norovirus, Vibrio, Listeria, Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. To elicit infections in humans, bacterial pathogens express a combination of virulence factors and toxins. AB5 toxins are an example of such toxins that can cause various clinical manifestations, including dehydration, diarrhea, kidney damage, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Treatment of most bacterial foodborne illnesses consists of fluid replacement and antibiotics.

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23

Kim, Kwang S. "Current concepts on the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli meningitis." Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 25, no. 3 (June 2012): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qco.0b013e3283521eb0.

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24

Raj, Pushker. "Pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of Escherichia coli—associated enteritis." Clinical Microbiology Newsletter 15, no. 12 (June 1993): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-4399(93)90012-c.

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25

Thachil, A. J., B. T. Velayudhan, D. P. Shaw, D. A. Halvorson, and K. V. Nagaraja. "Pathogenesis of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in egg-laying hens with coexisting infectious bronchitis virus and Escherichia coli infections." Journal of Applied Poultry Research 18, no. 4 (December 2009): 780–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/japr.2009-00039.

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26

Cusumano, Corinne K., Chia S. Hung, Swaine L. Chen, and Scott J. Hultgren. "Virulence Plasmid Harbored by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Functions in Acute Stages of Pathogenesis." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 4 (February 1, 2010): 1457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01260-09.

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ABSTRACT Urinary tract infections (UTIs), the majority of which are caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), afflict nearly 60% of women within their lifetimes. Studies in mice and humans have revealed that UPEC strains undergo a complex pathogenesis cycle that involves both the formation of intracellular bacterial communities (IBC) and the colonization of extracellular niches. Despite the commonality of the UPEC pathogenesis cycle, no specific urovirulence genetic profile has been determined; this is likely due to the fluid nature of the UPEC genome as the result of horizontal gene tr

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Predojević, Luka, Darja Keše, Darja Žgur Bertok, Taja Železnik Ramuta, Peter Veranič, Mateja Erdani Kreft, and Marjanca Starčič Erjavec. "A Biomimetic Porcine Urothelial Model for Assessing Escherichia coli Pathogenicity." Microorganisms 10, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040783.

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Urinary tract infections can be severe, sometimes fatal, diseases whose etiological pathogens are predominantly uropathogenic strains of E. coli (UPEC). To investigate the UPEC pathogenesis, several models have already been established with minor or major disadvantages. The aim was to develop a simple, fast, and inexpensive biomimetic in vitro model based on normal porcine urothelial (NPU) cells that are genetically and physiologically similar to human bladder urothelium and to perform basic studies of E. coli pathogenicity. Initially, the model was tested using a set of control E. coli strain

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Hagiwara, Shin-ichiro, Hisako Tobayama, and Seiichi Kagimoto. "Successful colonoscopic approach in a child with intussusception associated with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 infection." Pediatric Reports 4, no. 4 (December 19, 2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/pr.2012.e33.

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The pathogenesis of intussusception caused by enterohemorrhagic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) O157 infection is unknown. In our case, colonoscopy was useful for confirming O157 infection. The intussusception was caused by focally damaged edematous mucosa in the cecum. This case helped in elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease.

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Regev-Shoshani, Gilly, Mary Ko, Chris Miller, and Yossef Av-Gay. "Slow Release of Nitric Oxide from Charged Catheters and Its Effect on Biofilm Formation by Escherichia coli." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, no. 1 (November 2, 2009): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00511-09.

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ABSTRACT Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is the most prevalent cause of nosocomial infections. Bacteria associated with biofilm formation play a key role in the morbidity and pathogenesis of these infections. Nitric oxide (NO) is a naturally produced free radical with proven bactericidal effect. In this study, Foley urinary catheters were impregnated with gaseous NO. The catheters demonstrated slow release of nitric oxide over a 14-day period. The charged catheters were rendered antiseptic, and as such, were able to prevent bacterial colonization and biofilm formation on their lumi

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Rosen, David A., Jerome S. Pinkner, Jennifer N. Walker, Jennifer Stine Elam, Jennifer M. Jones, and Scott J. Hultgren. "Molecular Variations in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli FimH Affect Function and Pathogenesis in the Urinary Tract." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 7 (May 12, 2008): 3346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00340-08.

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ABSTRACT Type 1 pili mediate binding, invasion, and biofilm formation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) in the host urothelium during urinary tract infection (UTI) via the adhesin FimH. In this study, we characterized the molecular basis of functional differences between FimH of the UPEC isolate UTI89 and the Klebsiella pneumoniae cystitis isolate TOP52. Type 1 pili characteristically mediate mannose-sensitive hemagglutination of guinea pig erythrocytes. Although the adhesin domain of K. pneumoniae TOP52 FimH (FimH52) is highly homologous to that of E. coli, with an identical mannose bi

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Kong, Haishen, Xiaoping Hong, and Xuefen Li. "Current perspectivesin pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli." Microbial Pathogenesis 85 (August 2015): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2015.06.002.

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Shikunova, Ya V., A. V. Gudkov, V. S. Boshchenko, S. P. Selivanov, and S. N. Isayeva. "Etiology and pathogenesis of acute pyelonephritis in children." Experimental and Сlinical Urology 14, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2021-14-1-135-139.

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Introduction. Acute pyelonephritis in children takes a leading place among the reasons for hospitalization. Objective. To study the epidemiological, anamnestic, diagnostic and clinical features of the course of pyelonephritis in children. Materials and methods. We have carried out a retrospective study of case histories of 142 children admitted to the urology department of the Emergency hospital №2 (Tomsk) with a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. Results. According to the results of our study, children of both sexes of young age (up to 1 year оf age) suffer from acute complicated pyelonephrit

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33

Mctaggart, L. A., R. C. Rigby, and T. S. J. Elliott. "The pathogenesis of urinary tract infections associated with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and S. epidermidis." Journal of Medical Microbiology 32, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00222615-32-2-135.

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Bessaiah, Hicham, Carole Anamalé, Jacqueline Sung, and Charles M. Dozois. "What Flips the Switch? Signals and Stress Regulating Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Type 1 Fimbriae (Pili)." Microorganisms 10, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010005.

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Pathogens are exposed to a multitude of harmful conditions imposed by the environment of the host. Bacterial responses against these stresses are pivotal for successful host colonization and pathogenesis. In the case of many E. coli strains, type 1 fimbriae (pili) are an important colonization factor that can contribute to diseases such as urinary tract infections and neonatal meningitis. Production of type 1 fimbriae in E. coli is dependent on an invertible promoter element, fimS, which serves as a phase variation switch determining whether or not a bacterial cell will produce type 1 fimbriae

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Luck, Shelley N., Luminita Badea, Vicki Bennett-Wood, Roy Robins-Browne, and Elizabeth L. Hartland. "Contribution of FliC to Epithelial Cell Invasion by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O113:H21." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 12 (September 18, 2006): 6999–7004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00435-06.

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ABSTRACT Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O113:H21 can invade epithelial cells. In this study, we found that invasion but not adherence was inhibited by anti-FliCH21 specific antibodies. In addition, deletion of fliCH21 from EHEC O113:H21 resulted in an eightfold decrease in invasion that was restored upon transcomplementation with fliCH21 but not with fliCH6 . These results suggested that FliC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of infections caused by EHEC O113:H21 by allowing bacteria to penetrate the intestinal epithelium.

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Washington, Casandra, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Monica Viladomiu, Mireia Pedragosa-Marin, Richard Guerrant, James Roche та Raquel Hontecillas. "Th17 responses driven via PPARγ blockade lead to faster recovery from enteroaggregative Escherichia coli infection (49.13)". Journal of Immunology 188, № 1_Supplement (1 травня 2012): 49.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.49.13.

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Abstract Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is a recognized cause of enteric disease in diverse clinical settings. Mucosal immunity towards EAEC infections is poorly understood. To better characterize immunoregulatory mechanisms underlying EAEC infections we constructed a computational model mimicking host responses to EAEC at the gut mucosa. Preliminary model calibration efforts demonstrated remarkable fitting to experimental data. Nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has been targeted to modulate mucosal immune responses to EAEC. Wild type and cond

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Allen, Kenneth P., Mildred M. Randolph, and James M. Fleckenstein. "Importance of Heat-Labile Enterotoxin in Colonization of the Adult Mouse Small Intestine by Human Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strains." Infection and Immunity 74, no. 2 (February 2006): 869–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.74.2.869-875.2006.

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ABSTRACT Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections are a significant cause of diarrheal disease and infant mortality in developing countries. Studies of ETEC pathogenesis relevant to vaccine development have been greatly hampered by the lack of a suitable small-animal model of infection with human ETEC strains. Here, we demonstrate that adult immunocompetent outbred mice can be effectively colonized with the prototypical human ETEC H10407 strain (colonization factor antigen I; heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxin positive) and that production of heat-labile holotoxin provides a sig

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Riff, Jason D., John W. Callahan, and Philip M. Sherman. "Cholesterol-Enriched Membrane Microdomains Are Required for Inducing Host Cell Cytoskeleton Rearrangements in Response to Attaching-Effacing Escherichia coli." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 11 (November 2005): 7113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.11.7113-7125.2005.

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ABSTRACT The diarrheal pathogens enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 strain CL56 and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) O127:H6 strain E2348/69 adhere intimately to epithelial cells through attaching-effacing lesions, which are characterized by rearrangements of the host cytoskeleton, intimate adherence, and destruction of microvilli. These cytoskeletal responses require activation of host signal transduction pathways. Lipid rafts are signaling microdomains enriched in sphingolipid and cholesterol in the plasma membrane. The effect of perturbing plasma membrane cholesterol

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Menge, Christian. "Molecular Biology of Escherichia coli Shiga Toxins’ Effects on Mammalian Cells." Toxins 12, no. 5 (May 23, 2020): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12050345.

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Shiga toxins (Stxs), syn. Vero(cyto)toxins, are potent bacterial exotoxins and the principal virulence factor of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), a subset of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). EHEC strains, e.g., strains of serovars O157:H7 and O104:H4, may cause individual cases as well as large outbreaks of life-threatening diseases in humans. Stxs primarily exert a ribotoxic activity in the eukaryotic target cells of the mammalian host resulting in rapid protein synthesis inhibition and cell death. Damage of endothelial cells in the kidneys and the central nervous system by Stx

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BRAGA, Ricardo Luís Lopes, Ana Claudia Machado PEREIRA, Paula Azevedo dos SANTOS, Angela Corrêa FREITAS-ALMEIDA, and Ana Cláudia de Paula ROSA. "EX VIVO MODEL OF RABBIT INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF COLONIZATION BY ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI." Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 54, no. 2 (March 16, 2017): 130–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.201700000-12.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The diarrheal syndrome is considered a serious public health problem all over the world and is considered a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The high incidence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli in diarrheal syndromes classified as an emerging pathogen of gastrointestinal infections. After decades of study, your pathogenesis remains uncertain and has been investigated mainly using in vitro models of adhesion in cellular lines. OBJECTIVE The present study investigated the interaction of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains isolated fro

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Ortega-Hernandez, Oscar-Danilo, Nancy-Agmon Levin, Arie Altman, and Yehuda Shoenfeld. "Infectious Agents in the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis." Disease Markers 29, no. 6 (2010): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/923928.

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Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease which is characterized by the breakdown of self-tolerance to the highly conserved pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, specially the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 complex (PDC-E2). The breakdown of the tolerance to such antigens leads to an autoimmune process characterized by portal inflammation and immune-mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Epidemiological studies have suggested that infections agents can trigger or even exacerbate the disease. Among other gram negative bacteria,Escherichia Coli, andNos

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Clarke, S. C., R. D. Haigh, P. P. E. Freestone, and P. H. Williams. "Virulence of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, a Global Pathogen." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16, no. 3 (July 2003): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.3.365-378.2003.

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SUMMARY Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) remains an important cause of diarrheal disease worldwide. Research into EPEC is intense and provides a good virulence model of other E. coli infections as well as other pathogenic bacteria. Although the virulence mechanisms are now better understood, they are extremely complex and much remains to be learnt. The pathogenesis of EPEC depends on the formation of an ultrastructural lesion in which the bacteria make intimate contact with the host apical enterocyte membrane. The formation of this lesion is a consequence of the ability of EPEC to adhe

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Barbieri, Nicolle L., Bryon Nicholson, Ashraf Hussein, Wentong Cai, Yvonne M. Wannemuehler, Giuseppe Dell'Anna, Catherine M. Logue, Fabiana Horn, Lisa K. Nolan, and Ganwu Li. "FNR Regulates Expression of Important Virulence Factors Contributing to Pathogenicity of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 12 (September 22, 2014): 5086–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02315-14.

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ABSTRACTUropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) is responsible for the majority of urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are some of the world's most common bacterial infections of humans. Here, we examined the role of FNR (fumarate andnitratereduction), a well-known global regulator, in the pathogenesis of UPEC infections. We constructed anfnrdeletion mutant of UPEC CFT073 and compared it to the wild type for changes in virulence, adherence, invasion, and expression of key virulence factors. Compared to the wild type, thefnrmutant was highly attenuated in the mouse model of human UTI and showed

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Zhang, Hongwei, David W. Niesel, Johnny W. Peterson, and Gary R. Klimpel. "Lipoprotein Release by Bacteria: Potential Factor in Bacterial Pathogenesis." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 11 (November 1, 1998): 5196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.11.5196-5201.1998.

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ABSTRACT Lipoprotein (LP) is a major component of the outer membrane of bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae. LP induces proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages and lethal shock in LPS-responsive and -nonresponsive mice. In this study, the release of LP from growing bacteria was investigated by immuno-dot blot analysis. An immuno-dot blot assay that could detect LP at levels as low as 100 ng/ml was developed. By using this assay, significant levels of LP were detected in culture supernatants of growing Escherichia coli cells. During mid-logarithmic growth, approximately 1 to 1.

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Tu, Jian, Ting Xue, Kezong Qi, Ying Shao, Boyan Huang, Xueyan Wang, and Xiuhong Zhou. "The irp2 and fyuA genes in High Pathogenicity Islands are involved in the pathogenesis of infections caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2016-0004.

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Abstract Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major bacterial infectious disease that may lead to local or systemic infections in chickens with clinical manifestations. The irp2-fyuA gene cluster has been confirmed to be the main genes involved in the synthesis of HPI. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the irp2 and fyuA genes in the high pathogenicity island (HPI) of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) on its pathogenicity by knocking out these genes. The ΔAE17 (lacking irp2) and ΔΔAE17 (lacking irp2 and fyuA) strains of APEC were constructed. The ΔAE1

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Tuntufye, Huruma Nelwike, Sarah Lebeer, Paul Simon Gwakisa, and Bruno Maria Goddeeris. "Identification of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Genes That Are InducedIn Vivoduring Infection in Chickens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 9 (February 17, 2012): 3343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07677-11.

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ABSTRACTAvian pathogenicEscherichia coli(APEC) is associated with extraintestinal infections in poultry causing a variety of diseases collectively known as colibacillosis. The host and bacterial factors influencing and/or responsible for carriage and systemic translocation of APEC inside the host are poorly understood. Identification of such factors could help in the understanding of its pathogenesis and in the subsequent development of control strategies. Recombination-basedin vivoexpression technology (RIVET) was used to identify APEC genes specifically expressed during infection in chickens

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Wang, Haixiu, Zifu Zhong, Yu Luo, Eric Cox, and Bert Devriendt. "Heat-Stable Enterotoxins of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Their Impact on Host Immunity." Toxins 11, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11010024.

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important diarrhea-causing pathogen and are regarded as a global threat for humans and farm animals. ETEC possess several virulence factors to infect its host, including colonization factors and enterotoxins. Production of heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) by most ETEC plays an essential role in triggering diarrhea and ETEC pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the heat-stable enterotoxins of ETEC strains from different species as well as the molecular mechanisms used by these heat-stable enterotoxins to trigger diarrhea. As recently described,

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PADHYE, NISHA V., and MICHAEL P. DOYLE. "Escherichia coli O157:H7: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Methods for Detection in Food." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 7 (July 1, 1992): 555–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.7.555.

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Escherichia coli O157:H7 is now recognized as an important human pathogen. Illnesses caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection can range from self-limited, watery diarrhea to life-threatening manifestations such as hemolytic uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The mode of transmission is primarily through food; however, person-to-person transmission also has been identified in some day-care center and nursing home out-breaks. Studies to date indicate that cattle are an important reservoir of the organism. Although adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and verotoxins are conside

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., Shahin Najar Peerayeh, Narges Nooritalab ., and Mortaza Sattari . "Roles of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Pili in Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infection." Research Journal of Microbiology 3, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jm.2008.175.180.

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Brumbaugh, Ariel R., Sara N. Smith, Sargurunathan Subashchandrabose, Stephanie D. Himpsl, Tracy H. Hazen, David A. Rasko, and Harry L. T. Mobley. "Blocking Yersiniabactin Import Attenuates Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Cystitis and Pyelonephritis and Represents a Novel Target To Prevent Urinary Tract Infection." Infection and Immunity 83, no. 4 (January 26, 2015): 1443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.02904-14.

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The emergence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and carbapenemases among common bacterial pathogens are threatening our ability to treat routine hospital- and community-acquired infections. With the pipeline for new antibiotics virtually empty, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics. Bacteria require iron to establish infection, and specialized pathogen-associated iron acquisition systems like yersiniabactin, common among pathogenic species in the familyEnterobacteriaceae, including multidrug-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniaeand pathogenicEscherichia coli, represent p

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