Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Espace social imaginaire'

Il s’agit, dans cette recherche, de penser l’identité portugaise par le biais du cinéma. Pour ce faire, nous proposons le concept de géocinéma comme outil conceptuel qui nous permet de problématiser les relations entre l’espace, l’imaginaire culturel et le cinéma. Ce concept s’appuie sur le principe selon lequel le cinéma représente l’imaginaire collectif en tant qu’il se trouve ancré dans les spécificités des lieux. Ainsi, dans un premier moment, nous réaliserons un travail de conceptualisation où nous présenterons les limites ainsi que les possibilités offertes par notre concept médiateur. Nous soutiendrons que les représentations collectives ne sont pas indépendantes de l’espace occupé par une communauté. Le cinéma, en tant que lieu de projection d’images, se présente alors comme le medium privilégié de transmission de ces représentations. Ensuite, nous mettrons en évidence les idées et les valeurs autour desquelles l’imaginaire portugais s’est constitué en tant qu’espace mental, ainsi que leur relation de dépendance à l’égard de l’espace physique. Enfin, nous mettrons en œuvre le concept de géocinéma à travers l’analyse des films symptomatiques de cette relation entre l’espace physique et l’espace mental du Portugal. Notre analyse concernera les cinéastes et les films qui depuis le nouveau cinéma portugais (1963) problématisent de manière directe ou indirecte la question de l’imaginaire et de l’identité portugaise
Our purpose is to think the Portuguese identity through the cinema. To do this, we suggest the concept of geocinema as a conceptual tool allowing the analysis of the relations between space, cultural imaginary and the cinema. This concept is based on the principle that the cinema represents the collective imaginary through the projection of images.Firstly, we will present our mediator concept in order to think its possibilities and limits. We will sustain that collective representations depend on the territory occupied by a community and that the cinema is the privileged medium of transmission of these representations.We will then underline the ideas and values that structure the Portuguese cultural imaginary and their relations to the Portuguese territory. Finally, we will apply the concept of geocinema to the analysis of symptomatic films that show the relations between the physical and mental space of Portugal. Our analysis is restricted to the filmmakers and films produced since the new Portuguese cinema (1963), who question directly or indirectly the Portuguese imaginary and identity

Plusieurs encriers se sont déjà épuisés à écrire sur la Venise des films, mais leurs études étaient avant tout d'ordre historique. Nous tenons compte de cette approche, de cette histoire de l'imaginaire, car nous pensons qu'elle est le passage vers un regard esthétique sur certaines interprétations de l'espace vénitien, tel qu'il est représenté dans le cinéma de fiction. Choisies pour leur éclectisme mais aussi pour leurs éventuelles correspondances, les images de notre corpus filmographique nous entraînent vers une analyse variée de l'espace du plan (le cadre, le champ) et de celui du montage (la " dialectique " des plans). Notre démarche, attachée aussi bien aux rapports spirituels et matériels qu'aux résultats signifiants et inconscients entre le créateur et Venise, retrace la sensibilité perceptible dans chacun des films concernés. Grâce à cette sensibilité, nous voulons mieux connaître les conditions d'une poétique de l'espace vénitien (et urbain) à travers le film, mais aussi le statut de la fiction pour son spectateur. Nous considérons objectivement autant les lieux communs que les visions anti-mythiques de la ville, car la spectacularité, le quotidien et la découverte font tous partie de sa nature. Nous cherchons simplement à comprendre comment les images filmiques et leurs histoires peuvent encore progresser vers une définition plus claire de la " place " de Venise et du cinéma pour chacun de leurs observateurs, pour chacun de leurs auteurs.

Cette analyse recherche la trace de la construction de l’identité culturelle, politique, et sociale des Etats-Unis dans les récits longs de Nathaniel Hawthorne. Elle tente de repérer les discours publics (de la famille, de l’éducation, de la philanthropie, de religion, de l'économie, de la médecine) dans l'œuvre de l'auteur. Pour ce faire, nous essayons de saisir les processus qui contribuèrent à l'élaboration des structures de la société américaine. Celles-ci se présentent comme des cadres essentiels au fonctionnement de la société et à l'articulation du rapport entre l’individu et le groupe. Nous essayons de comprendre comment Nathaniel Hawthorne percevait les changements politiques, économiques et sociaux engendrés par la modernisation de son pays. En d’autres termes, nous souhaitons montrer comment il percevait l’espace privé et l’espace public, notions que nous prenons soin de définir au début de cette thèse. Nous tentons également de cerner comment l'auteur se représentait la relation entre l'individu et le groupe. Les quatre récits longs de Hawthorne constituent le corpus d’étude : The Scarlet Letter (1850), The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance (1852) et The Marble Faun (1860). Les contes et les nouvelles ont été exclus du corpus de par leur brièveté
In the nineteenth-century American society was undergoing major social and economic changes aimed at forging a political as well as a cultural identity for the United States. The purpose of this analysis is to understand how Nathaniel Hawthorne perceived these changes. We examine the role and the impact of the nineteenth-century public discourses (those on childhood education, philanthropy, religion, and economics) not only on the individual, but also on the general functioning of society. These discourses were indeed central to the construction of the social structures organizing public and private life. What did public and private space represent in Nathaniel Hawthorne's time? To what extent were these two spheres related to each other? What were the role and the place of the individual in American society? What was Nathaniel Hawthorne’s attitude toward this new social situation? Did it coincide with his ideal vision of society? All these questions are dealt with in the light of the four novels published by the author: The Scarlet Letter (1850), The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Blithedale Romance (1852) and The Marble Faun (1860). Due to their brevity, his tales and sketches have not been used

Le point de départ des travaux entrepris est la définition lefortienne de la démocratie par opposition au totalitarisme. Le totalitarisme est l'institution d'une société organique, une et homogène, dans laquelle aucune division sociale, aucun désaccord avec l'idéologie véhiculée par le parti ne sont possibles. La spécificité de la démocratie, a contrario, est de s'enrichir de la désintrication du pouvoir, du droit, et du savoir. Les citoyens, dotés de droits fondamentaux, sont juges de la légitimité du pouvoir établi. Leurs désaccords ainsi que l'antagonisme entre les classes sociales nourrissent l'exercice d'un commun litigieux. De là, une question fondamentale : une telle définition de la démocratie est-elle historiquement datée, ou continue-t-elle d'être pertinente aujourd'hui ? Doit-on encore concevoir la démocratie, pour la rendre authentique, par le conflit civil érigé en principe politique, ou faut-il l'envisager de manière consensualiste au lendemain de son opposition avec le totalitarisme ? Claude Lefort s'inspirait de Machiavel pour dépasser les limites du marxisme et repenser la démocratie par la valorisation du conflit civil, indissociable de la figure de l'imaginaire social. La thèse ici soutenue adopte différemment une perspective néo-machiavélienne. Elle revient à proposer un espace public dissensuel à partir du modèle machiavélien de l'entente dans le conflit, par confrontation avec l'espace public habermassien et d'autres conceptions du tort et du conflit dans les démocraties contemporaines. Comment concevoir aujourd'hui les figures du conflit civil et de l'imaginaire social, en s'inspirant paradoxalement de Machiavel pour interroger la démocratie ?

Dans la réflexion sur la démocratisation, les expressions religieuses sont souvent appréhendées comme des obstacles. On souligne plus facilement leur capacité de nuisance, que leur plasticité et la pluralité des interprétations et des usages qui en est faite. Cette étude cherche à saisir les articulations entre le processus de changement politique au Bénin et les dynamiques religieuses, à partir d'une analyse centrée sur les mouvements pentecôtistes.
La période de transition démocratique a été accompagnée d'un retour du religieux dans l'espace public, perceptible en particulier, au-delà de l'intervention d'acteurs précis, au niveau de la diffusion d'un imaginaire offrant une lecture en termes religieux de ces transformations. C'est dans ce contexte que l'on assiste à l'expansion de mouvements chrétiens pentecôtistes dans l'espace urbain. A travers l'étude des logiques de diffusion des Églises, des trajectoires individuelles de convertis et des mécanismes de construction communautaire, c'est la dimension moderne du phénomène, et sa capacité à médiatiser des changements sociaux, qui sera soulignée. Les dynamiques religieuses sont ensuite mises en relation avec le processus de changement politique, autour d'une réflexion sur la formation d'un espace public. On s'intéressera aux effets différenciés d'une même expression religieuse en fonction des significations qu'en donnent et des usages qu'en font différents acteurs, et en particulier les convertis.
Est ainsi privilégiée une lecture qui, en tenant compte de la diversité, de la fluidité et de la mobilité qui caractérisent ces nouveautés religieuses, insiste sur les conséquences ambivalentes, paradoxales ou involontaires, de l'expansion pentecôtiste sur le processus politique.

Le concept de lieu intéresse l'analyse littéraire non seulement dans une acception thématique mais aussi en ce qu'il traduit et symbolise la relation du sujet lyrique au monde et au langage, que l'œuvre de Reverdy reconstruit de manière originale. On se propose, dans une première partie, de décrire la structuration du monde imaginaire de Reverdy, ce paysage -- au sens où le définit Michel Collot -- que son œuvre instaure, construit, recompose. S'il est riche de lieux qui se distribuent de manière polysémique, il rend également compte d'une expérience originale de l'existence, en traduit les données les plus personnelles, celles d'un " je " poétique immergé dans un monde qu'il recompose par des lois imaginaires et dont il éprouve l'instabilité essentielle. Ce monde éminemment subjectif -- nous sommes, rappelle Jean-Pierre Richard, " en poésie " -- et par là-même lacunaire et mouvant, présuppose une place du sujet ancré au monde, et donc lieu exclu du monde tel un point aveugle. Une seconde partie étudie le travail de l'écriture poétique reverdyenne qui conteste et subvertit cette relation. Sous l'influence du cubisme, elle entre en lutte contre l'unité/unicité d'un sujet dont elle mine la vérité, détruit la cohésion, dont elle rêve la diffraction et la dispersion dans un paysage qu'elle investit de manière massive, jusqu'à l'y confondre. L'écriture poétique est donc un moyen privilégié de repenser le lieu, ce Dasein qui concrétise l'existence, et apparaît ainsi comme un lieu de nouage, de fusion, un carrefour où sujet et monde imaginaires se constituent en un lieu de l'œuvre, véritable figure du sujet lyrique, territoire au sens où l'entend Jean-Marie Gleize et dont une troisième partie expose l'essence. C'est là l'occasion de comprendre comment fonctionne l'écriture reverdyenne, quelles sont les grandes forces de l'imaginaire qui s'y met en œuvre, pour en tirer des conclusions sur sa spécificité.

Cette thèse de doctorat présente une monographie qui porte sur l'œuvre romanesque de Jean Lods. Sans être autobiographique, ni autofictionnelle, rigoureusement, elle relève des littératures personnelles (dominante de la première personne, irruption de la bio de l'auteur, identification captatrice). L'île de la Réunion des années 1940-1950, dans laquelle l'auteur a passé son enfance, fait l'objet d'une représentation singulière, liée à l'exil de l'écrivain. Sa mise en scène, dans le prisme que réalisent l'Europe, l'océan Indien et l'espace nordique, donne lieu à une géographie imaginaire originale et à une écriture-espace dont nous relevons les héritages et les dépassements inédits caractéristiques de la post-modernité. La scénographie de cet espace donne à lire un « enspacement multiple », expression grâce à laquelle nous désignons le parcours que signifie la quête subjective de la place, et qui, profondément marquée par les lisières que sélectionnent les narrateurs-personnages, est ici solidaire d'un lieu d'autant plus aliénant qu'il est inaccessible. Que doit cette spatialité au traumatisme dû aux contradictions propres à la colonialité des « grands blancs » qui ont ouvert leur foyer à cette enfance ? Comment, tout en s'efforçant de le surmonter, porte-t-elle les stigmates de la fin de l'impérialisme français et manifeste-t-elle les déchirements post-coloniaux / postcoloniaux ? Nos analyses littéraires du texte croisent plusieurs démarches (comparatisme, interdisciplinarité qui allie l'histoire, la psychanalyse, l'ethnopsychanalyse et la philosophie) afin d'exposer des éléments et des perspectives qui permettent une approche pertinente et nuancée de ces questions.

Cette thèse vise à appréhender le terroir comme un territoire de communication sensible dont l’absence de traduction est déjà problématique. C’est à la fois un terme qui s’impose à tous, dans le monde entier, et un lieu mal défini du discours. La notion reste fuyante, au-delà du droit, de l’histoire et de l’agronomie. Elle séduit le « mangeur social » porté à satisfaire ses désirs d’authenticité et de goût. A cet égard, la profusion des discours médiatiques en déploie l’imaginaire, entre patrimoine alimentaire et, plus profondément, l’identité symbolique du mangeur. Des tensions se créent entre les discours qui l’érigent en modèle et idéalisent son image. Un retour sur l’histoire et les règles du terroir confronte ce périmètre notionnel à la réalité quotidienne et met en relief sa polysémie, sa polymorphie. Des écarts sémantiques existent entre les critères figés par les normes et les pratiques du mangeur envers« des nourritures nostalgiques ». L’étude du terroir comme construit social suppose un déplacement paradigmatique, depuis les croyances et les labels, jusqu’aux médiations du terroir dans des dispositifs variés. Ces derniers créent du sens autour de savoir-faire et de valeurs. L’objectif est de montrer que des significations contradictoires coexistent et animent les médiations sensibles du terroir dans un espace figuratif complexe (sensations, objets, espaces, discours, etc.). Nous mettons enfin à l’épreuve notre concept et notre image du terroir dans deux lieux possibles à concevoir comme espaces publics symboliques : une association de consommateurs et un forum de discussion
The aim of this thesis is to understand terroir as a tangible communication territory, starting with the lack of conceptual translation in foreign language. Terroir comes to rest in a social space characterized by fleeing models, above and beyond Law, History and Agronomy. Food and eating become the space of contradictory signs for the “social eater” attuned to hedonism and control. The object seduces him to satisfy his desires for authenticity and taste. Discourses and scenes show terroir in an imaginary world, made up of food patrimony and symbolic identity. But it arouses tensions because economic actors take it hold of it. A review of the history and rules about terroir’s provokes its confrontation with everyday reality and reveals its polysemy. Certain differences of meaning exist between criteria established by norms and the eater’s practices toward “nostalgic food”. The study of terroir as a social construct proceed through paradigmatic displacement, from beliefs and labels, to terroir’s mediations in devices. They create meaning around know -how and certain values. The aims, here is to demonstrate that multiple significations coexist and to study how the mediations of terroir’s logic of the senses in figurative spaces are created. We then tested it in two spaces similar to symbolical public spaces: consumers‘s association and internet forum

Orientador: Raul Borges Guimarães
Banca: Arthur Magon Whitacker
Banca: Jayro Gonçalves Melo
Banca: Yoshiya Nakagawara Ferreira
Banca: Wilson Edson Jorge
Resumo: Olhar para a cidade a partir de seus edifícios para compreensão do processo urbano é o percurso proposto pelo encaminhamento desta pesquisa. Nesse sentido, a polêmica inserção da arquitetura moderna paulista no centro histórico de cidades médias é analisada integrando as perspectivas de Vilanova Artigas e Henry Lefèbvre. Assim, o ausente é a cidade que se nega como fenômeno social, a presentificação é o desenho (desígnio) e a superação é o projeto. Então, da percepção para a cognição do espaço urbano, passando pelas relações do lote e a rua, do público e o privado, da centralidade e o lugar, do conservador e o moderno, do clientelismo e as relações de poder, discuto o discurso e a prática dessa arquitetura. Esse desígnio se concretizou? A obra está fora do lugar? Com o apoio da linguagem do desenho e suas representações, no processo da práxis do urbanismo, mediado pela função social do urbanista, faço uma reflexão sobre a cidade concebida, vivida e apropriada, e do arranjo possível, portanto, da cidade da memória, da imaginação e a ser denunciada. A forma da cidade possui um conteúdo não utilizado a ser revelado. Portanto, a cidade é o lugar das possibilidades; sendo assim, a cidade da imaginação possibilita uma perspectiva da realização do desígnio de Artigas.
Abstract: Observing the city with the focus in its buildings in order to understand the urban process is the path that this research proposes. In this sense, the polemic insertion of the São Paulo modern architecture in the historical centers of middle-size cities is analyzed by integrating the perspectives of Vilanova Artigas and Henry Lefèbvre. Thus, the absence is the city as a social phenomenon, the materialization is the design and the overcoming is the project. Therefore, from the perception to the cognition of the urban space, passing by the relations between lot and street, public and private, centrality and the place, conservative and modern, clientelism and relations of power, I discuss the discourse and the practice of such architecture. Has such design been accomplished? Is the building out of place? Supported by the language of design and its representations, in the process of the praxis of urbanism intermediated by the urbanist's social role, I make a reflection about the conceived, the lived and the appropriated city, and the possible arrangement of the city of memory, of imagination and the one to be denounced. The shape of the city has a non-used content to be revealed. Therefore, the city is the place of possibilities. Thus, the city of imagination allows us a perspective of accomplishing Artigas' design.
Doutor

Notre but est de reconsidérer la production d’un espace fluvial, le Rhône, à travers deux siècles de développement du capitalisme libéral sous l’angle de la recomposition des imaginaires. Nous proposons une histoire empirique focalisée sur l’expression de ces imaginaires dans des sites singuliers du fleuve sélectionnés pour leur forte charge symbolique. Nous entendons expliquer les transformations successives du fleuve par la sollicitation d’imaginaires répondant à des potentialités techniques et des contraintes émanant de la régulation de l’accumulation capitaliste. Ces imaginaires sont mobilisés par une logique sans cesse renouvelée dans l’histoire moderne, celle de la normalisation de l’objet fluvial par une rationalisation technique. Dans cette lecture, nous reconsidérons le nouveau paradigme de la restauration écologique du Rhône comme la reproduction de cette logique normative
The aim of this article is to elaborate a geohistory of the Rhône through two centuries of capitalism based on a social understanding of imaginaries. Through an empirical analysis we document the embededness of todays management practices within historical constructions. We consider the historical making of the Rhône as the product of imaginaries intertwinned with technologies. Those imaginaries make possible the realization of capitalist accumulation into local space. This analysis sheds light on the continuity of logics that characterize todays river ecological restoration, which might consist in the reproduction of a normalization of local space

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Olhar para a cidade a partir de seus edifícios para compreensão do processo urbano é o percurso proposto pelo encaminhamento desta pesquisa. Nesse sentido, a polêmica inserção da arquitetura moderna paulista no centro histórico de cidades médias é analisada integrando as perspectivas de Vilanova Artigas e Henry Lefèbvre. Assim, o ausente é a cidade que se nega como fenômeno social, a presentificação é o desenho (desígnio) e a superação é o projeto. Então, da percepção para a cognição do espaço urbano, passando pelas relações do lote e a rua, do público e o privado, da centralidade e o lugar, do conservador e o moderno, do clientelismo e as relações de poder, discuto o discurso e a prática dessa arquitetura. Esse desígnio se concretizou? A obra está fora do lugar? Com o apoio da linguagem do desenho e suas representações, no processo da práxis do urbanismo, mediado pela função social do urbanista, faço uma reflexão sobre a cidade concebida, vivida e apropriada, e do arranjo possível, portanto, da cidade da memória, da imaginação e a ser denunciada. A forma da cidade possui um conteúdo não utilizado a ser revelado. Portanto, a cidade é o lugar das possibilidades; sendo assim, a cidade da imaginação possibilita uma perspectiva da realização do desígnio de Artigas.
Observing the city with the focus in its buildings in order to understand the urban process is the path that this research proposes. In this sense, the polemic insertion of the São Paulo modern architecture in the historical centers of middle-size cities is analyzed by integrating the perspectives of Vilanova Artigas and Henry Lefèbvre. Thus, the absence is the city as a social phenomenon, the materialization is the design and the overcoming is the project. Therefore, from the perception to the cognition of the urban space, passing by the relations between lot and street, public and private, centrality and the place, conservative and modern, clientelism and relations of power, I discuss the discourse and the practice of such architecture. Has such design been accomplished? Is the building out of place? Supported by the language of design and its representations, in the process of the praxis of urbanism intermediated by the urbanist’s social role, I make a reflection about the conceived, the lived and the appropriated city, and the possible arrangement of the city of memory, of imagination and the one to be denounced. The shape of the city has a non-used content to be revealed. Therefore, the city is the place of possibilities. Thus, the city of imagination allows us a perspective of accomplishing Artigas’ design.

Este estudo avalia, mediante a análise dos processos da formação da cultura de um espaço social – a cidade de Santa Maria, RS – enquanto centro ferroviário, a importância da abordagem teórica do imaginário social no desenvolvimento de aspectos teóricos e conceituais da produção do espaço. Essa avaliação se desenvolve por meio da busca da inteligibilidade das manifestações das representações culturais que consubstanciam o imaginário social como um conjunto de sistemas simbólicos de idéias e imagens de representação coletiva. Tal procedimento possibilitou, além da identificação de correlações entre políticas de Estado e a produção do espaço social de Santa Maria, relativizar, no campo teórico da produção do espaço urbano, a relevância do imaginário social.

O objetivo deste trabalho é observar como se constroem sentidos sociais de um espaço público, a partir do caso da praça Roosevelt. Localizada no centro de São Paulo, a praça teve, ao longo de sua existência, grande alternância de usos. A proposta é ler e articular discursos, imagens e narrativas sobre a praça, um espaço que está em uso e em constante processo de significação e ressignificação. Com isso, a comunicação na esfera da vivência urbana em São Paulo ganha tratamento temporal e espacial. Sobre a questão temporal, o presente da praça é tomado aqui como confluência de memórias e projeções de futuro. Assim, buscou-se relacionar sentidos residuais de dinâmicas do passado, formas emergentes de pensar o espaço e também versões e projetos institucionais. A tese divide-se em duas partes. A primeira concentra discussões teóricas e de contextualização sobre as concepções de espaço público e imaginário na cidade de São Paulo. A segunda parte destina-se ao caso da praça, tomando três eixos principais: a construção de uma narrativa sobre a degradação da região; a praça como imagem de lugar libertário e os sentidos oficiais e de mercado para o espaço.
The objective of this work is to observe how social sentiments are constructed in a public space through examining the case of Roosevelt Place. Located in downtown São Paulo, this square has been used in diverse ways over the course of its existence. This project reads and articulates discourses, images, and narratives about the plaza, a space with on-going changes related to its meaning and significance. In this way, time and space receive treatment in considering communication in urban life. Regarding questions of time, the square is considered to be the confluence of memories of the past and projects for the future. As such, this study seeks to relate residual feeling of past dynamics, emerging ways of thinking about space, and institutional proposals and projects. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first focuses on theoretical discussions and contextualizes concepts of public space and the imaginary of the city of São Paulo. The second part examines the specific case of the plaza, looking at three main questions: the construction of a narrative of the decline of the region, the square as an image of a place where one can be free, and the official and market notions about the space.

La tesi s’apropa al fet migratori mitjançant dos actors principals, que configuren els objectius generals del l’estudi, les persones immigrants i les seves trajectòries i els treballadors socials que sovint els atenen. Les referències teòriques deriven de disciplines diverses, com la psicoanàlisi, en concret les nocions d’imaginari i de dol; l’estrès, concepte extern al cos teòric esmentat i referit a les modificacions físiques i psíquiques d’un organisme sotmès a situacions de tensió variables, i finalment, les nocions d’inserció, vulnerabilitat i desafiliació, procedents de la sociologia, les qual permeten dibuixar trajectes bidireccionals per l’espai social. Altrament, s’analitza l’acompanyament i escolta que, des del Treball social, es fa a les trajectòries de les persones immigrants i les eines de la professió per l’abordatge d’una qüestió específica. Aquests objectius han estat plasmats en diferents hipòtesi. La metodologia emprada en la recerca ha estat de caire qualitatiu, entenent que aquesta aportava una imatge més propera l’objecte d’estudi. S’han emprat tres tècniques diferents, dues adreçades a les persones immigrants, l’estudi de cas i l’entrevista, i la tercera, els grups de discussió, referida als professionals. S’analitzen sis casos, treballats en diferents temps pel signatari de la tesi, quatre com a professional del treball social i dos com a psicòleg; catorze entrevistes a immigrants extracomunitaris de diferents procedències: Quatre del nord d’Àfrica, cinc de l’Àfrica subsahariana i cinc d’Amèrica Llatina. Finalment s’ha treballat amb les aportacions de dos grups de discussió, un de persones vinculades al fet migratori, anomenat grup d’experts, i un segon grup de persones que tot i trobar-se el fet migratori, no l’havien abordat o de manera exclusiva o de manera intensa. Per l’anàlisi de la informació s’ha emprat un sistema de categories el qual s’ha estabilitzat progressivament a mesura que avançava la recerca. L’anàlisi de la informació obtinguda té varis subapartats, en un primer es treballen casos i entrevistes per separat. El segon ítem es refereix als professionals del treball social i analitza, també per separat, els continguts extrets de cadascun dels grups de discussió. Un darrer punt d’aquest apartat pren les categories com a unitat d’anàlisi, en relació a les hipòtesi plantejades, permetent aquesta darrera tasca el creuament de les dades globals obtingudes. Entre els resultats més remarcables s’ha d’esmentar la discordança entre la representació originaria i la derivada els transit migratori, essent la primera un marc idealitzat. Aquesta discordança genera percepcions diverses i contraries entre la persona immigrant i els familiars que rauen en origen. L’imaginari en tant expectativa és susceptible de noves significacions derivades de la transició migratòria. Un fet que ha erosionat les representacions originàries ha estat l’anomenada crisi econòmica, que s’ha addicionat als estressors que van, sovint, aparellats al procés. L’elaboració dels processos de dol té temporalitats diferenciades, és però perllongada en el temps, un facilitador d’aquests processos és el suport dels familiars al projecte migratori, mentre que solitud i l’aïllament configuren un entrebanc. La dificultat augmenta notòriament quan la separació implica els fills. Evitar el dolor derivat de les pèrdues implica l’ús de defenses diverses, entre les quals cal comptabilitzar la idealització d’un retorn futur, la negació o l’escissió. L’estrès associat a la transició migratòria i les seves circumstàncies duu aparellades malalties de caire orgànic, que especialment semblen tenir major incidència en els primers moments del procés. La procedència és rellevant, ja que el viatge s’esdevé per algunes persones com a estressor d’altra intensitat. Un dels estressors més assenyalats és la situació d’inseguretat jurídica. Aquesta darrera afecta el procés en tant obstacle. Pel treball social és important la incorporació de la biografia, tradicions i costums dels immigrants atesos al si de l’espai assistencial. L’enquadrament assistencial s’esdevé, en determinades situacions, com eina facilitadora de processos d’interculturalitat, de contenció de l’estrès i d’escolta del dol. Aquest espai d’atenció requereix formació i suports, tanmateix, no sembla necessitar la mediació intercultural. De les situacions d’irregularitat administrativa en deriva manca d’atenció, especialment des de les àrees bàsiques d’atenció primària. Contràriament, el suport des del tercer sector es presenta de manera clara i generalitzada .
This thesis attempts an approach to the migration phenomenon by using two of the main factors that form the general aim of the study: first the immigrants and their experiences on one hand and the social workers that assist them on the other. The theoretical references come from different disciplines such as Psychology, Psychoanalysis and Sociology; the essential concepts are imaginary, mourning, stress, inclusion, vulnerability and discrimination. Besides these, there is also an analysis of the work carried out by social services, how they counsel and assist immigrants with their life experiences and the tools and skills used in solving each specific issue. These goals appear in various hypotheses along the thesis. The research methodology used is qualitative, applying three different techniques: case study, in-depth interview (both carried out with immigrants) and discussion groups (professionals). The object of study is 6 cases, 14 interviews and two discussion groups. To analyse the information it has been divided in categories and these categories changed and adjusted as the work progressed. The analysis of the information obtained is divided in various subcategories; in the first category case study and interviews are treated separately. The second item is related to social work professionals and analyses, also separately, the ideas obtained from each one of the discussion groups. A last item in this section takes each category as a unit for analysis, in relation to the hypotheses presented, thus enabling the final task of cross-analysing the total data obtained. One of the most remarkable results of these analyses is the discrepancy between the idealization of the country of origin and its resulting representation after the migration. Development of mourning is prolonged along different time stages. With family support these stages can become shorter and easier to deal with, but on the other hand the process becomes again more difficult when migration involves children. The stress created by the migration process and its circumstances, are subsequently the cause of physical illnesses that seem to have more impact during the first stages of the process. The country of origin is relevant in the study since the journey can be more stressful for different people coming from different points in the world. Illegal or irregular status in the country of arrival is one of the stress factors mentioned more often. Within Social Work practice is important to take in account the biography, traditions and customs of immigrants assisted at the centres. This assistance consists often in facilitating processes of cross-cultural understanding, stress control and mourning counselling. As a result of their illegal situation or lack of sufficient documentation, immigrants endure lack of assistance, especially in primary care. In opposition to the public sector it becomes clear that the strongest support to the immigrant community comes from the third sector (as in voluntary sector).

Nowadays, and from different trends has been recognized how daily space has been progressively instrumentalized. This occupation, organization and transformation have been interpreted from different factors. The main trend has been emphasizing the setting of how these spaces are practiced and how this practices set these spaces and different ways of living. In this sense almost all contemporary trends reflect the heterogeneity of this questions and also of the space configuration. That is why we are going to focus in different space uses of the daily space that we have within scope in Valencia, no forgetting that the problems we are facing are global. From the origin of social and cultural identities based on the different ways of developing the idea of community and collective in contemporary societies, strongly technologized. We want to go further than personal identity. We try to tackle a cartography of different epistemological areas that reach and also are a consequence of the aforementioned practices. Other aim is review the different appearances that are progression of collective processes and give a belonging idea to them. Build this sense processes needs a future impact that needs the origins of social archetypal divergent from the ones that our commercialized culture is offering nowadays. Cultural hybridisation processes could result a clotting of these "other spaces" that allow a future impact that helps benefit processes that generate community. From here we have to refer to the organization of geographical spaces, the refuse of presumed neutrality of geographical epistemology and to the tensions between local vs. global. From here we lean on some personal approximations and other case of studies that go deeper in this questions in order to figure out how deinstitutionalized art connects with life sphere to arouse changes in social archetypal in a long term. And showing how in a short term these collective practices generate community, spaces of relation and reflexion diluting barriers between public vs. private. Considering last how education is a future value and a real solid base of change.
En la actualidad, y desde diferentes tendencias, se ha valorado cómo el espacio cotidiano se ha ido instrumentalizando, interpretando su ocupación, organitzación y transformación a partir de diferentes factores. La tendencia es la de destacar el valor sobre cómo se practican estos espacios y cómo estas prácticas los configuran, suponiendo además, maneras de habitar diferenciadas. En este sentido casi todas las tendencias actuales reflejan la heterogeneidad de estas cuestiones, y por tanto, de la misma configuración espacial. Por eso nos centraremos en diferentes prácticas del espacio cotidiano en la ciudad de Valencia, sin dejar de lado que las problemáticas a las que nos enfrentamos son globales. Partiendo de la génesis de las identidades culturales y sociales basadas en las diferentes maneras de desarrollo de la idea de comunidad y colectivo en las sociedades contemporáneas, fuertemente tecnologizadas, pretendemos abordar una cartografía de los diferentes campos epistemológicos que abarcan y son una consecuencia de las citadas prácticas, y revisar las diferentes manifestaciones que son gestación de los procesos colectivos y nos proporcionan una idea de pertenencia a los mismos. Construir estos procesos de sentido requiere una proyección de futuro que necesita la génesis de unos imaginarios sociales divergentes de los que la actual cultura comercializada nos proporciona. Los procesos de hibridación cultural pueden consolidar aquellos otros espacios que permiten una proyección de futuro que ayude a favorecer los procesos que generen comunidad. Desde aquí debermos aludir a la organización de los espacios geográficos, al rechazo de la presunta neutralidad de la epistemología geográfica y a las tensiones entre lo local y lo global. A partir de aquí nos apoyamos en algunas aproximaciones personales y estudios de casos que profundizan en estas cuestiones para poder estudiar cómo el arte desinstitucionalizado se conecta con el ámbito de la vida para provocar cambios en el imaginario social a largo plazo. Y demostrando cómo a corto plazo estas prácticas colectivas generan comunidad, espacios de relaciones y de reflexión diluyendo las barreras entre lo que es público y lo que es privado. Considerando en último lugar, la educación como un valor de futuro y una verdadera base sólida de cambio.
En l'actualitat i des de diferents tendències s'ha valorat com l'espai quotidià s'ha anat instrumentalitzant de manera progressiva, interpretant la seua ocupació, organització i transformació a partir de diferents factors. La tendència ha estat la de destacar la determinació sobre com es practiquen aquests espais i com aquestes pràctiques els configuren, suposant, a més maneres d'habitar diferenciades. En aquest sentit quasi totes les tendències actuals reflecteixen l'heterogeneïtat d'aquestes qüestions i per tant, de la mateixa configuració espacial. Per això ens centrarem en diverses pràctiques de l'espai quotidià que tenim al nostre abast a València, sense deixar de banda que les problemàtiques a què ens enfrontem són globals. Més enllà de la idea d'identitat personal, partint de la gènesi de les identitats culturals i socials basades en les diferents maneres de desplegament de la idea de comunitat i de col·lectiu en les societats contemporànies, fortament tecnologitzades, pretenem abordar una cartografia dels diferents camps epistemològics que abasten i són una conseqüència de les pràctiques citades, i revisar les diferents manifestacions que són gestació dels processos col·lectius i proporcionen una idea de pertinença a aquests. Construir aquests processos de sentit requereix una projecció de futur que necessita la gènesi d'uns imaginaris socials divergents dels que l'actual cultura comercialitzada ens proporciona. Els processos d'hibridació cultural poden suposar una coagulació d'aquells altres espais que permeten una projecció de futur que ajude a afavorir els processos que generen comunitat. Des d'ací caldrà al·ludir a l'organització dels espais geogràfics, al rebuig de la presumpta neutralitat de l'epistemologia geogràfica i a les tensions entre allò local i allò global. A partir d'ací ens recolzarem en algunes aproximacions personals i estudis de casos que aprofundeixen en aquestes qüestions per poder esbrinar com l'art desinstitucionalitzat es connecta amb l'àmbit de la vida per a provocar canvis en l'imaginari social a llarg termini. I demostrant com a curt termini aquestes pràctiques col·lectives generen comunitat, espais de relacions i de reflexió diluint les barreres entre allò que és públic i allò que és privat. Considerant en últim terme, com l'educació és un valor de futur i una veritable base sòlida de canvi.
Tomás Marquina, D. (2017). De l'interès de l'art per l'espai de la vida. Contracultura, participació i imaginaris socials en la cerca d'espais d'oportunitat [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/80536
TESIS

Aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en l'estudi interdisciplinari del concepte de sharing city (SC). L'objectiu general va ser explorar des de la gestió, els imaginaris que es creen en la SC a partir de les seves pràctiques urbanes i narratives socials. La tesi és un compendi de publicacions. La primera és una revisió sistemàtica de literatura sobre el concepte SC. Un valor important afegit d'aquest article és que es tracta del primer estudi acadèmic que examina i sistematitza les pràctiques del compartir a la SC. Els resultats consoliden la relació entre l'etiqueta sharing city i com utilitza estratègies de place branding i place management per consolidar la seva representació. La segona publicació s'enfoca en la implementació de la SC per l'actor institucional. Mitjançant el frame analysis es va explorar la comunicació estratègica de Barcelona com una SC. Els resultats demostren que el govern local acompanya el creixement urbà des d'una perspectiva social, fomenta narratives per identificar i incloure a més actors dins del procés, i transmet els valors del compartir de forma positiva. La tercera publicació tracta els espais de cotreball a la SC. L'estudi es va realitzar en oficines de Barcelona i Berlín, seguint el mètode de Teoria Fonamentada (Grounded Theory). Els resultats van identificar que es dissenyen atmosferes de lloc (place atmospheres) per promoure el compartir, el compromís dels membres amb l'espai / comunitat, i que la cultura de compartir es reforça amb eines de comunicació corporativa. Aquesta tesi contribueix a la discussió sobre la SC com una etiqueta emergent que enfoca idees i valors comunitaris. A més, situa l'atenció en pràctiques urbanes i narratives socials que promouen la relació permanent entre actors de la ciutat, així com la recerca de consens ciutadà.
Esta tesis doctoral se centra en el estudio interdisciplinar del concepto de sharing city (SC). El objetivo general fue explorar desde la gestión, los imaginarios que se crean en la SC a partir de sus prácticas urbanas y narrativas sociales. La tesis es un compendio de publicaciones. La primera es una revisión sistemática de literatura sobre el concepto SC. Un valor importante añadido de este artículo es que se trata del primer estudio académico que examina y sistematiza las prácticas del compartir en la SC. Los resultados afianzan la relación entre la etiqueta sharing city y cómo utiliza estrategias del place branding y place management para consolidar su representación. La segunda publicación se enfoca en la implementación de la SC por el actor institucional. Mediante el frame analysis se exploró la comunicación estratégica de Barcelona como una SC. Los resultados demuestran que el gobierno local acompaña el crecimiento urbano desde una perspectiva social, fomenta narrativas para identificar e incluir a más actores dentro del proceso, y transmite los valores del compartir de forma positiva. La tercera publicación trata los espacios de coworking en la SC. El estudio se realizó en oficinas de Barcelona y Berlín, siguiendo el método de Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados identificaron que se diseñan atmósferas de lugar para promover el compartir, el compromiso de los miembros con el espacio/comunidad, y que la cultura de compartir se refuerza con herramientas de comunicación corporativa. Esta tesis contribuye a la discusión sobre la SC como una etiqueta emergente que enfoca ideas y valores comunitarios. Además, sitúa la atención en prácticas urbanas y narrativas sociales que promueven la relación permanente entre actores de la ciudad, así como la búsqueda del consenso ciudadano.
This doctoral thesis focuses on the interdisciplinary study of the concept of sharing city (SC). The general objective was to explore from management, the imaginaries that are created in SC from its urban practices and social narratives. The thesis is a compendium of publications. The first is a systematic literature review on the SC concept. An important added value of this article is that it is the first academic study that examines and systematizes the practices of sharing in SC. The results strengthen the relationship between the sharing city label and how it uses place branding and place management strategies to consolidate its representation. The second publication focuses on the implementation of the SC by the institutional actor. Through the frame analysis, the strategic communication of Barcelona as a SC was explored. The results show that the local government accompanies urban growth from a social perspective, fosters narratives to identify and include more actors in the process, and transmits the values of sharing in a positive way. The third publication deals with coworking spaces in SC. The study was carried out in offices in Barcelona and Berlin, following the Grounded Theory method. The results revealed that atmospheres of place are designed to promote sharing, the commitment of members with the space/community, and that the culture of sharing is reinforced with corporate communication tools. This thesis contributes to the discussion about SC as an emerging label that focuses on community ideas and values. In addition, it places attention on urban practices and social narratives that promote the permanent relationship between city actors, as well as the search for citizen consensus.

O presente estudo é uma análise em torno das contribuições que o saber-fazer do turismo, enquanto prática social pode trazer para o fortalecimento das propostas de revitalização em sítios históricos urbanos. Reflexões da ordem da apropriação do turismo pelos planejadores urbanos nos processos de revitalização de sítios históricos, são analisadas na perspectiva da crítica ao viés da mercantilização do patrimônio cultural. Sendo assim, esta dissertação aproxima as questões da essencialidade do patrimônio e do fenômeno turístico pertinentes à apropriação turística nos sítios históricos urbanos na constituição desta oferta patrimonial destinada a visitante e visitado. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, tendo como estudo de caso o Sítio Histórico da cidade de Porto Alegre/ RS, no recorte da Praça da Alfândega e da Praça da Matriz e seus respectivos entornos. As técnicas da coleta de dados são: pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, levantamento fotográfico e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os agentes informantes estão organizados em torno de três categorias: os anfitriões, os planejadores e os agenciadores. A apropriação do turismo por parte dos planejadores, evidenciada durante a pesquisa, demonstrou estar centrada, quase que exclusivamente, em ações de recuperação e melhorias da materialidade do Sítio Histórico Urbano e não em propostas que tratem as sociabilidades sob o ponto de vista das essencialidades do fenômeno turístico. Considera-se que o planejamento das revitalizações deve ampliar seus instrumentos de participação, para que o patrimônio se torne propulsor da união de laços entre os povos, elevando a auto-estima das populações e contribuindo para a solidariedade do encontro entre visitantes e visitados, na ubiqüidade do turismo sustentável e hospitaleiro.
This study is an analysis on the contributions that the tourism knowhow, while being a social practice may bring for the strengthening of restoration propositions in historical urban places. Reasoning on the appropriation of tourism by the urban planners in the restoration processes of historical places, are analyzed in the perspective of criticism through the mercantilization of the cultural patrimony perspective. Thus, this dissertation approximates the issues of essentiality of patrimony and the tourism phenomenon related to the tourism appropriation of the historical urban places in the constitution of this patrimonial offer destined the visiting and the visited. The methodology adopted is the qualitative research, with an exploratory character, having as a study case the Historical Place of the city of Porto Alegre / RS, in the section of the Alfândega Square and the Matriz Square and its respective surroundings. The data collecting techniques are: bibliographic and documental researches, photographic research and semi-structured interviews. The informing agents are organized around three categories: the hosts, the planners and the agents. The appropriation of tourism by the planners, noted during the research, revealed being centered, almost exclusively, in actions of restoring and improving of the hardware in the Historic Urban Place and not in propositions that deal with the sociability in the point of view of the essentialities of the tourism phenomenon. Considering that the planning of the restorations should enlarge its participation instruments, so that the patrimony becomes a supporter of connections among peoples, rising their self-esteem and contributing for the solidarity of the meeting among visiting and visited, in the ubiquity of a sustainable and hospitable tourism.

La transition espagnole constitue une réalité complexe à travers laquelle se posent les questions des tensions entre l'archaïsme et la modernité, des spécificités d'un processus de démocratisation. La presse, dans ses modes d'existence et dans sa pratique informative, constitue un champ d'observation privilégié de l'équilibre entre la rupture et la continuité au cours des premières années de la démocratie espagnole. Son ambition d'être le reflet et le moteur de changements sociaux est mise à l'épreuve dans l'analyse d'un récit singulier, celui du syndrome toxique. L'évènement (accident épidémique, puis affaire) coïncide avec une période charnière ou la démocratie semble à la fois établie et menacée. Il constitue, dans la perspective d'une analyse sémiotique des stratégies discursives de la presse quotidienne de Madrid, un invariant référentiel pour une évaluation des pratiques informatives de la presse de la transition. Mais le syndrome toxique est également envisage comme un objet social nouveau dans le champ des représentations collectives : la permanence médiatique de l'évènement, sa capacité à absorber les thèmes porteurs et les problématiques de la collectivité conduisent à l'hypothèse d'un phénomène circulaire entre la presse et le corps social, qui combine manipulation, imposition narrative et idéologique, mais aussi réponse à une demande sociale
The tensions between archaism and modernity that appeared through the complex realities of the spanish transition have led to questioning the modalities and the specific aspects of a democratization process. The press, in its different forms and in its different roles, represents a privileged observation field of the balance between disruption and continuity in the first few years of spanish democracy. It is challenged in its ambition to become both the reflection and the driving force of social changes by the analysis of a particular narrative, that of the toxic syndrome. This event (epidemic accident then affaire) coincided with a transition period when democracy seemed to be established and in jeopardy at the same time. Thus, from the point of view of a semiotic analysis of the discursive strategies of the Madrid daily press, this event represents an unchanging system of reference for an analysis of the informative role of the press during the transition. But it is also considered a new social object in the field of collective representations: the constant presence of this event in the media, its ability to include all the important themes and issues of the community can allow one to regard the phenomenon as a more complex one which combines the narrative imposition, the ideological manipulation and the fulfilment of a social demand

Cette thèse porte sur le renouvellement du réalisme dans la production narrative espagnole des années 2000, à partir d’un corpus de quatre romans, et se demande : en quoi consiste l’esthétique réaliste actuelle, quelle est son épistémologie et quel lien entretient-elle avec d’autres discours de savoir ? Quel rôle jouent les récits réalistes dans la configuration des imaginaires sociaux, alors que sont remis en question l’héritage de la transition démocratique et le récit de la modernisation espagnole ? Sont d’abord examinées les conditions de possibilité historiques, socio-économiques et culturelles d’un renouveau du réalisme – cartographié dans le champ littéraire des vingt dernières années. Hypothèse centrale : le réalisme ressurgit du fait que les débats de mémoire historique depuis 2000 et la crise économique, sociale et politique depuis 2008 engagent une révision du mythe de la Transition et du projet de la modernité qui structurait les imaginaires sociaux espagnols depuis les années 1960. Trois parties proposent des études de poétiques réalistes, en diachronie et en synchronie, pour mettre en valeur l’évolution des modes de référentialité réalistes entre le début des années 2000 et le début des années 2010, avec la crise de 2008 et ses prémices pour point d’inflexion. La première partie porte sur deux romans (Antonio Muñoz Molina, Sefarad, 2001 et Ignacio Martínez de Pisón, Enterrar a los muertos, 2005) qui dialoguent avec la fabrication sociale de documents et l’historiographie pour réinterpréter la guerre de 1936, de la dictature et de la transition. Les deuxième et troisième parties (Rafael Chirbes, Crematorio, 2007, et Isaac Rosa, La mano invisible, 2011) analysent l’élaboration d’un récit collectif de l’Espagne développementaliste, à l’aube de la crise, par des romans qui dialoguent avec la théorie économique et la sociologie historique. Au carrefour du littéraire, des discours sociaux, de l’histoire et de la sociologie contemporaine de l’Espagne, cette thèse soutient que la réappropriation du réalisme dans les années 2000 participe à la remise en question d’une identité nationale démocratique et moderne, au resurgissement d’une réalité problématique et d’imaginaires sociaux paramodernes après l’écroulement du métarécit d’une transition modèle. Si les romans cherchent tous à prendre en charge le réel social selon ses représentations, ils se différencient par leur traitement de la question politique de ce que « réel » veut dire, par le choix du chemin selon lequel le décrire, et par l’évaluation de la nature des causes historiques et matérielles de la réalité qu’habitent les écrivains
This thesis studies new forms of realism in Spanish prose in the 2000s, from a corpus of four novels. It contemplates what makes the contemporary reality aesthetic, what its epistemology is, and what links it bears to other forms of knowledge. What roles do realist narrations play in the configuration of social imaginaries, when the heritage of the democratic transition and the narration of Spanish modernisation are called into question? We first examine the conditions of historical, socio-economic and cultural possibilities of a renewal of realism, which is mapped throughout the literary field of the last twenty years. The central hypothesis is that realism springs back up from the fact that debates around historical memory in the 2000s, and since 2008, the economic, social and political crisis prompt the revision of the transition myth and the project of modernity which had been structuring Spain’s social imaginaries since the 1960s. Three parts offer different studies of realist poetics, diachronically and synchronically, to highlight the evolution of the modes of realist referentiality between the start of the 2000s and the beginning of the 2010s, the crisis of 2008 and its beginning as an inflexion point. The first part tackles two novels (Antonio Muñoz Molina, Sefarad, 2001 and Ignacio Martínez de Pisón, Enterrar a los muertos, 2005), which discuss the social fabrication of documents and historiography to reinterpret the 1936 war, the dictatorship and the transition. The second and third parts (Rafael Chirbes, Crematorio, 2007, and Isaac Rosa, La mano invisible, 2011) analyse the elaboration of a collective narrative of developmental Spain, at the dawn of the crisis, through novels which interact with the economic theory of liberalism and historic sociology. At the crossroads of literary studies, social discourse, history and the contemporary sociology of Spain, this thesis argues that the appropriation of realism in the 2000s questions a national identity that is democratic, modern, and takes part in the reappearance of a problematic reality after the meta narration of a model transition collapsed. If the novels all try to tackle the social reality according to its representations, they differ through what « reality » means to them, through the nature of its historic and material causes, and through the ways they describe it

La présente recherche s'attache de comprendre les manières dont la culture occidentale contemporaine modélise la nature humaine. Cette constante anthropologique qui fait de l'homme un être au monde particulier est sans relâche réactualisée selon des singularités propres à la culture dominante, mais aussi selon des singularités propres à des groupes sociaux donnés. La construction de la forme de l'homme est donc en perpétuelle mutation et aujourd'hui, suite à diverses révélations, révolutions scientifiques (éthologie, écologie, biologie ou encore paléoanthropologie) et techniques (révolution des images et des nouveaux médias), plus que jamais, la nature humaine est sujette aux métamorphoses. La compréhension du phénomène animaliste se situe au coeur de la recherche en tant que ce dernier exprime d'une manière paroxystique les conséquences sociologiques desdites révélations et révolutions. Il est le prisme par lequel cette recherche tâche de rendre compte de ce qui, dans l'esprit du temps, préside dans les relations anthropozoologiques.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This present work verifies the relationship between the spreading and the application of the tertiary media in the sociocultural and economic context at the contemporary world, and the alteration in the way the physical space has been changed, be it an internal way or constructed buildings in the urban composition. For that, we propose an investigation of the symbolic character present at the space and building s images and its capacity of transmitting as a possible entailment agent among image and receiver, an approach of the imaginary proposed by Dietmar Kamper. We defined as a corpus for this theoretical research about the horizon of the technical images that are linked to the body and to the urban buildings, produced by a tertiary media and to be diffused by it. Through this thoughts and supported in photographic images found at the world wide web, we investigated the presence of the symbolic aspects, body of document of the historical anthropology and semiotics of culture, over and above the changes of constructed characters at the buildings that are known all over the world as an adaptation mode for the ways the image is capable of transmitting. We concluded that this investigation is important for the communication studies based on the deep of the electric and electronic technology inclusion at the daily communications (which constitutes the so called abstract space ) as a phenomenal that creates a spatial and urban in and out of the walls (the concrete space ). This research bonds the communication fields known at the culture perspective through concepts of Media Theory and Image Theory, postulated by theoreticians such as Harry Pross, Ivan Bystrina, Dietmar Kamper, Vilém Flusser and Hans Belting. We worked in consonance with some researchers in Brazil such as Malena Contrera, Milton Pelegrini and specially Norval Baitello Jr., which approaches the communication and image phenomenon in yours epistemological shapes
O presente trabalho objetiva verificar a relação entre a disseminação da utilização de mídia terciária no contexto sociocultural e econômico mundial contemporâneo e a transformação dos modos de utilização do espaço físico, seja no domínio dos ambientes internos, seja no dos edifícios construídos no contexto urbano. Para tanto, propomos a investigação do caráter simbólico presente na imagem dos espaços e dos edifícios e sua capacidade de tornar-se transmissível como possíveis agentes vinculadores, no contexto do imaginário proposto por Dietmar Kamper, entre imagem e receptor. Definiu-se como corpus de pesquisa a reflexão teórica sobre o horizonte das imagens técnicas relacionadas ao corpo e edifícios urbanos, produzidas para a veiculação em mídia terciária. Por meio desta reflexão e amparados em imagens de formato fotográfico , coletadas na rede mundial de computadores, procuramos investigar a presença de aspectos simbólicos, próprios do contexto da antropologia histórica e da semiótica da cultura, além da alteração da plástica em edifícios urbanos de referência mundial como modo de adaptação para a transmissibilidade de sua imagem. Concluímos que a importância desta pesquisa para os estudos de Comunicação se assenta no aprofundamento das implicações da inclusão das tecnologias eletro-eletrônicas de comunicação no cotidiano (constituintes do chamado espaço abstrato ) como fenômeno gerador de uma transformação espacial urbana intra e extra-muros (o espaço concreto ). A pesquisa vincula-se ao campo da Comunicação compreendida sob o viés da cultura por meio de conceitos oriundos da Teoria da Mídia e Teoria da Imagem, formulados por teóricos como Harry Pross, Ivan Bystrina, Dietmar Kamper, Vilém Flusser e Hans Belting. Desenvolve-se em consonância com o trabalho desenvolvido no Brasil por autores como Malena Contrera, Milton Pelegrini e, especialmente, Norval Baitello Jr., que abordam o fenômeno da comunicação e da imagem em seus aspectos epistemológicos

En esta tesis trabajamos para comprender el proceso mediático considerando la producción, la mediación y la recepción. A fin de cumplir tal objetivo, utilizamos algunas de las teorías de la comunicación que consideran el papel de los receptores en el proceso comunicativo. A partir del análisis de las teorías de la comunicación anteriormente mencionadas, se decide estudiar la recepción mediática de las noticias sobre Brasil en España. Ante la selección de este objeto de estudio, se constata que la perspectiva de género es esencial para el buen desarrollo del trabajo, dado que estudios realizados en otros países demostraron la existencia de especificidades en la representación de las mujeres y hombres de Brasil, destacando como relevante el papel de las brasileñas en la construcción del imaginario social del país. Añadido a esto, se identifica la necesidad de desarrollar el estudio de la recepción con un grupo de receptores específicos, así que optamos en investigar la recepción junto a 121 adolescentes, específicamente estudiantes del 4º ESO de Centros de Enseñanza de Catalunya, ya que estos y estas jóvenes son receptores activos, lo que posibilita observar múltiples interpretaciones de los contenidos mediáticos sobre Brasil en España. Como se trata de un estudio compuesto por multimetodologías y un planteamiento multidimensional del proceso comunicativo, la división estructural de la tesis está pensada respectando la importancia de cada teoría, concepto y de la parte empírica para alcanzar los objetivos del trabajo, siendo en el total once capítulos. En los primeros seis, son presentados los fundamentos teóricos del trabajo de modo a demonstrar cómo cada concepto y teoría se complementan y contribuyen para fundamentar la hipótesis de la tesis. A partir del capítulo siete, se presentan el planteamiento metodológico y los resultados del trabajo de campo en los centros de enseñanza de Catalunya. Por último, en el capítulo once se exponen los principales resultados y conclusiones de la tesis que, con base en todo el trabajo, son capaces de contribuir de manera calificada y bien fundamentada para entender el importante papel de los medios de comunicación en la construcción del imaginario social de la mujer brasileña y de Brasil. Al mismo tiempo, las conclusiones señalan que la recepción y apropiación de los contenidos no se da de manera homogénea, ni tampoco es fácil y directo llegar a entender sus motivos y orígenes. Como todo estudio basado en el análisis de las interacciones sociales, cada participante de esta tesis es singular y contribuye de manera única para entender las posibilidades abiertas para la construcción del imaginario social de la mujer brasileña y de Brasil.
In this thesis work to understand the process considering production media, mediation and reception. To meet this goal, we use some of the communication theories that consider the role of receptors in the communication process. From the analysis of communication theories above, we decided to study the reception of the spanish news media about Brazil. In the selection of this object of study, it appears that the gender perspective is essential for the proper development of the work, as studies in other countries demonstrated the existence of specificity in the representation of women and men in Brazil, highlighting how the role of relevant Brazilian social imaginary construction of the country. Added to this, it identifies the need to develop the study of the reception with a group of specific receptors, so we decided to investigate the reception with 121 adolescents, specifically students of 4 º ESO Schools of Catalunya, and that these and these young women are active receivers, allowing multiple interpretations of observed media content over Brazil in Spain. Since this is a study consisting of a multidimensional approach multimetodologías and the communication process, the structural division of the thesis is thinking about the importance of each theory, concept and the empirical part to achieve the objectives of the work, being in total eleven chapters. In the first six, are presented the theoretical work so as to demonstrate how each concept and theory complement and contribute to support the hypothesis of the thesis. From chapter seven, we present the methodological approach and results of field work in schools in Catalonia. Finally, in the eleventh chapter presents the main results and conclusions of the thesis, based on all the work, are able to contribute skilled and well-informed to understand the important role of media in the construction of social imaginary of Brazilian women and Brazil. At the same time, the findings indicate that the reception and appropriation of the contents does not occur uniformly, nor is direct and easy to get to understand their motives and origins. Like any study based on the analysis of social interactions, each participant of this thesis is unique and an excellent contribution to understanding the possibilities open to the construction of the social imaginary of Brazilian women and Brazil.

A presente tese realizou uma investigação sobre os sentidos e imagens acerca do mal-estar e da experiência psíquica na cidade de São Paulo visto por meio da literatura urbana contemporânea, mais especificamente, tomando como material de análise a ficção Tango, com violino de Eduardo Alves da Costa. Partindo do pressuposto que relaciona os sofrimentos, desassossegos e desconfortos gerais sentidos na cidade com uma perda de sentido junto ao ambiente e sua paisagem, na sua interferência nos vínculos sociais e em suas relações intersubjetivas, utilizamos em nossa análise uma perspectiva imaginativo-interpretativa fundamentada em referenciais teóricos como Gilbert Durand, James Hillman, Gaston Bachelard e Augustin Berque, entre outros, abordando como a imaginação organiza o campo psicossocial e sua relação com os sentidos do espaço. Foi observado o papel da narrativa literária como um instrumento transformador do sofrimento em um incômodo capaz de estimular uma ampliação da percepção frente à cidade e seus problemas, mas também concluímos que o desconforto investigado poderia traduzir uma espécie de mal-estar da cidade. Sobre o desassossego e desamparo que relaciona os habitantes à cidade, notamos uma fenomenologia cuja variância, traz estados de aceleração e euforia em contraste com aspectos depressivos e melancólicos. Características que apontam para um modo civilizatório que em seu voo ideacional conflita com a necessidade de um lastro de valor, medida e sentido, tendo no retorno à sua imagem mítica uma aproximação para a compreensão da relação entre a experiência subjetiva e o sofrimento que atravessam o espaço urbano, o que aponta para a necessidade de habitar os atravessamentos entre as perspectivas que relacionam o novo com o antigo, o corpo, a cidade e a paisagem
The present thesis has carried out some research into the senses and images about malaise and psychic experience in the city of São Paulo seen through contemporary urban literature, more specifically taking the fiction Tango, with violin by Eduardo Alves da Costa as an analysis material. Starting from the assumption that relates the sufferings, restlessness and general discomforts felt in the city with a loss of sense nearby the environment and its landscape, in its interference in social ties and their intersubjective relations, we use in our analysis an imaginative-interpretive perspective from theoretical references such as Gilbert Durand, James Hillman, Gaston Bachelard and Augustin Berque, among others, approaching how the imagination organises de psychosocial field and its relationship with the meanings of space The role of the literary narrative was seen as a transformative instrument of suffering into a nuisance capable of stimulating an amplification of perception of the city and its problems, but we also concluded that the discomfort researched could translate a kind of malaise of the city. About the restlessness and helplessness that relates the inhabitants to the city, we note a phenomenology whose variance brings states of acceleration and euphoria in contrast to depressive and melancholic aspects. Features pointing to a civilizing mode that in its ideational flight conflict with the need for a ballast of value, measure and sense, having in the return to its mythic image an approximation for the understanding of the relationship between subjective experience and suffering that cross the urban space, which points to the need to inhabit the crossings between the perspectives that relate the new to the old, the body, the city and the landscape

Cette thèse porte sur la constructions des carrières migratoires de femmes issues de la Corée du Nord, de la Corée du Sud et du Japon. L’enjeu est de comprendre la construction objective et subjective de ces parcours à partir d’héritages historiques et culturels des sociétés d'origine, de politiques migratoires, de bifurcations biographiques, d’expériences sociales et de travail au sein d’« espaces totalitaires ». Dans la première partie, la thèse se penche sur les migrations internationales de femmes ainsi que sur la démarche méthodologique mise en place pour collecter des données comparatives auprès de femmes en souffrance au cœur de terrains « minés » et pour les analyser. La deuxième partie s’efforce de reconstituer les carrières objectives des migrantes en se concentrant sur les contextes de départ, la construction des projets migratoires et les contextes d’arrivée. Les migrantes se heurteront à la réitération des grammaires du mépris et de l’injustice – au sens de L. Roulleau-Berger – , aux violences et aux dominations influencées par les imaginaires coloniaux ou nationaux de la population hôte. Les corps « faibles » de ces femmes, au regard des imaginaires individuels et collectifs des sociétés d’accueil, deviennent des corps sensuels, sexuels, résistants etc. et devront se construire socialement au sein « d’espaces totalitaires » érigés au regard de ces imaginaires. La troisième partie analyse la construction des carrières subjectives des femmes issue de la péninsule coréenne et du Japon. Entre les obligations hypertrophiées de s’adapter imposées aux migrantes par le biais de techniques de mortifications – au sens de Goffman – les rôles infligés et les stratégies d’adaptation, elles tentent de survivre à leurs imaginaires migratoires déçus en déployant des tactiques qui se définissent par le refus de toute participation personnelle, l’assimilation du rôle imposé par la société d’accueil ou l’émancipation
This thesis focuses on the construction of migratory careers of women from North Korea, South Korea and Japan. The challenge is to understand the objective and subjective structure of these routes from historical and cultural heritage of the societies of origin, from migration policies, from biographical bifurcations and from social and work experiences in “totalitarian spaces”. In the first part, the thesis focuses on international migration of women as well as the methodology established to collect comparative data from suffering women in "mined" fieldwork and to analyze them. The second part tries to reconstruct the objective careers of migrants focusing on starting contexts, on the construction of migration projects and on the arrival contexts. The migrants will face the reiteration of grammar of contempt and injustice - in the sense of L. Roulleau-Berger – and the violence and dominations influenced by colonial or national imaginary of the host population. The “weak” bodies of these women, under individual and collective imaginary of host societies, become sensual bodies, sexual bodies, resistant bodies etc. and will build socially in "totalitarian spaces" erected in view of these imaginary. The third section analyzes the construction of the subjective Career of Women of the Korean Peninsula and Japan. Between the bloated obligations to adapt (imposed on migrants through process of mortifications - in the sense of Goffman –), the imposed roles and the adaptive strategies, they try to survive their disappointed migration imaginary by deploying tactics that define by the refusal of any personal participation, assimilation of the role imposed by the host society or emancipation

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As cidades contemporâneas vêm sofrendo grandes transformações, tanto urbanas quanto sociais, que incentivam o estudo da história urbana desses ambientes construídos. Nesse sentido, parte-se do pressuposto que a arte pública, entendida como representante da imaginária urbana, pode revelar conteúdos simbólicos sobre determinado espaço público. Dessa forma, esse estudo visa entender os desígnios da imaginária urbana de três objetos urbanos em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil: o monumento ao Cristo Redentor, no Morro do Imperador; o Marco do Centenário de Juiz de Fora, na praça Pantaleone Arcuri; e a escultura contemporânea denominada “Releitura de Abaporu”, na praça Antônio Carlos. Obtêm-se, com isso, três recortes temporais da produção de arte pública na cidade, respectivamente os anos de 1906, 1951 e 2015. A metodologia utilizada busca analisar esses elementos como representantes da imaginária urbana de cada um desses tempos assinalados, além da trajetória de intervenções nesses lugares através das ações dos diversos agentes sociais envolvidos nestes processos de transformações urbanas. Assim, pretende-se demonstrar que esses objetos são sintetizadores da paisagem e revelam conteúdos da memória social e história urbana de Juiz de Fora.
Contemporary cities have undergone major transformations, both urban and social, that encourage the study of the urban history of these built environments. In this sense, based on the assumption that public art, here understood as a representative of the urban imaginary, can reveal the symbolic contents about a certain public space. Therefore, this study aims to understand the intentions of the urban imaginary in three urban objects of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais-Brazil: the monument to Christ the Redeemer, in the Emperor’s Hill; The landmark of the Centenary of Juiz de Fora, in the Pantaleone Arcuri square; and the contemporary sculpture called "Releitura de Abaporu", in the Antonio Carlos square. In this way, we obtain three temporal cuts of the public art production in the city, respectively in the years 1906, 1951 and 2015. The methodology used seeks to analyze these elements as representatives of the signed times, as well as the trajectory of interventions in these places through the actions of the various social agents involved in these processes of urban transformation. Thus, the intention is to demonstrate that these objects are synthesizers of the landscape and reveal contents of the social memory and urban history of Juiz de Fora.

Esta dissertação investiga a representação do espaço urbano nas comédias de Qorpo-Santo através da teoria do imaginário social. O autor, que escreveu sua obra no Rio Grande do Sul do século XIX, desenvolveu uma visão singular da sociedade, com a utilização de símbolos que caracterizam o ambiente citadino. Este estudo pretende demonstrar como a representação simbólica presente em sua obra promove rupturas no imaginário da literatura romântica, predominante no gosto da época, instaurando uma nova forma de representação do grupo social. Trata-se de uma discussão interdisciplinar apoiada na Literatura, na História e na Sociologia, e que se insere no contexto dos estudos sobre cultura regional.
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This research investigates the representation of the urban space in Qorpo-Santo s comedies based on the theory of social imaginary. The author, who wrote his works in Rio Grande do Sul, in the nineteenth century, developed a singular vision of society, using symbols that characterize the environment of the city. This study intends to demonstrate how the symbolic representation found in his works promotes some ruptures inside the imaginary of romantic literature, which was preferred by the taste of the period, and builds up a new way of representing the social group. It s a discussion that involves different subjects, like Literature, History and Sociology, and that s inserted in the context of studies about regional culture.

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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
The sword is usually associated with heroic narratives and, according to the anthropology of Gilbert Durand's imaginary, is linked to the diurnal regime of the images. In the context of contemporary media productions, however, it is possible to verify the presence of narratives that have expanded meanings and the sword is transfigured as a sign of complexity. In this approach, the sword is not only a tool for cutting, splitting, excluding and distinction, but it incorporates in a harmonious way opposite ideas, linked to the nocturnal regimes, composed by the mystical and synthetic systems of the images. In the nocturnal regime of images, the sword transmutes itself and connects with the idea of a blacksmith, in the art of working with fire. Thus, the research seeks to relate the importance of the craft processes that accompany the work of creating the sword and for this discussion dialogues with the idea of craftsmanship, according to Sennett's proposition. For him, the sword is a tool and the swordsman is a master craftsman in the art of handling that weapon. We understand the sword as an image of complexity from the knowledge of Japanese fencing present in works such as The Book of Five Rings and The Sword That Gives Life. The image of the sword has transcended the ages and occupies prominence in the contemporary media. The main objective of the research is to seek its presence as a complex image in the media narratives. For this, the empirical object of the research is composed by the series of Japanese animation Rurouni Kenshin, chosen for presenting the sword like something more than a instrument of combat. Imaginary is understood as the universe of symbolic configurations and socio-symbolic practices whose function is to establish the biopsychosocial balance of the human being, mainly to deal with the existential anguish linked to the fear of death. The methodological procedures adopt the perspective of the line of research in processes of creation and communication in the culture and are based on the researches of Lucia Leão, especially in the method of cartography of the imaginary. The research is inserted in the field of communication and understands the communicational processes as interactive, complex and systemic actions, experienced as a mediated experience
A espada é normalmente associada às narrativas heroicas e, segundo a antropologia do imaginário de Gilbert Durand, está vinculada ao regime diurno da imagem. No contexto das contemporâneas produções midiáticas, entretanto, é possível verificar a presença de narrativas que apresentam sentidos expandidos e a espada se transfigura em signo de complexidade. Nessa abordagem, a espada não é apenas um instrumento de corte, divisão, exclusão e distinção, mas incorpora de forma harmônica sentidos opostos, vinculados aos regimes noturno e crepuscular, compostos pelos sistemas místico e sintético das imagens. No regime noturno, a espada se transmuta e se conecta com a ideia de ferreiro, na arte do trabalho com o fogo. Assim, a pesquisa busca relacionar a importância dos processos artesanais que acompanham o trabalho de criação da espada e para essa discussão dialoga com a ideia artífice, segundo a proposição de Sennett. Para ele, a espada é uma ferramenta e o espadachim é um mestre artesão na arte de manejar essa arma. Entendemos a espada enquanto imagem de complexidade a partir do conhecimento da esgrima japonesa presente em obras como O Livro dos Cinco Anéis e A Espada que dá Vida. A imagem da espada transcendeu as eras e ocupa espaço de destaque nos meios de comunicação contemporâneos. O objetivo principal da pesquisa é buscar sua presença enquanto imagem complexa nas narrativas midiáticas. Para isso, o objeto empírico da pesquisa é composto pelas séries de animação japonesa Rurouni Kenshin, escolhida por apresentar a espada como algo mais do que um instrumento de combate. Entende-se imaginário como o universo das configurações simbólicas e das práticas sócio-simbólicas que têm por função estabelecer o equilíbrio biopsicossocial do ser humano, principalmente para lidar com a angústia existencial vinculada ao medo da morte. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotam a perspectiva da linha de pesquisa em processos de criação e comunicação na cultura e estão fundamentados nas pesquisas de Leão, em especial no método de cartografias do imaginário. A pesquisa está inserida no campo da comunicação e entende os processos comunicacionais enquanto ações interativas, complexas e sistêmicas, vivenciados como experiência mediada pelas linguagens

Este empenho dissertativo objetiva apresentar elementos etnográficos e de análise etnológica e antropológica acerca de substâncias cosmopolíticas e de espaço a respeito de interlocutores kaingang no Sul do Brasil Meridional. A partir de uma etnografia de "pontos-fronteiras", as percepções contemplam também uma reflexão quanto a elementos diacríticos não-indígenas presente na conjuntura das situações de contato entre kaingang e não-kaingang, ou não-indígenas. Esses elementos referem-se, principalmente, às constituições de horizontes imaginativos não-indígenas etnocidas a partir de perspectivas neocoloniais. A partir deste modelo narrativo, buscou-se mapear as espacialidades e territorialidades de uma ambiência kaingang entre elementos de uma guerra relacional e de agências cosmopolíticas no limiar de "mundos kaingang" e "mundos não-kaingang", ou "não-indígenas".
This dissertation aims to show ethnographic elements as well as ethnological and anthropological analysis about spatial and cosmopolitics substances concerning to kaingang speakers in the South of Southern Brazil (Brasil Meridional). Starting from ethnography of "frontiers-points", these perceptions also contemplates a reflection as regards of diacritics non-indigenous elements presents in the contact standings situations between kaingangs and non-kaingangs, or non-indigenous. These elements concerns, principally, about the constitutions of ethnocide non-indigenous imaginative horizons since neocolonial perspectives. This narrative model is looking to map the spatialities and territorialities of one environmence kaingangs between elements of one symbolic war and of cosmopolitics agencies in the threshold of "kaingangs worlds" and "non-kaingang worlds", or "non-indigenous".

Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée aux processus de subjectivation, collectif et individuel, des Français.es n/Noir.es dans la région de Paris. Il s’agit de cartographier une géographie politique et esthétique diasporique, dans laquelle ils/elles se meuvent pour produire des modes de subjectivités et, de décrire les multiples ressources sur lesquelles ils/elles s’appuient pour se constituer en tant que simples Français.es et/ou acteur.es politiques. Parce que les subjectivités se produisent à partir de rencontres et résistances diverses qui sont constamment sujettes aux mouvements, l’étude décrit la vie quotidienne de Français.es n/Noir.es selon une interprétation rhizomatique du territoire. C’est-à-dire, en (re) constituant – un territoire cosmopolitique parisien qui se compose, sur un même plan, de plusieurs lieux physiques (France, Europe, États-Unis) pour prendre la forme d’une scène sociale et historique, académique et médiatique, mais également sociale et fictive. Le renouveau de la problématique nous mène à explorer une scène tentaculaire, où s’invite la tentative d’institutionnalisation d’un corps collectif à travers le monde associatif pour se déplacer vers la vie quotidienne des participant.es à la recherche. Avec la dissémination du terme « Noir » dans l’espace public, la convention républicaine de neutralité entre citoyen.nes est mise à l’épreuve ; les discours qui portent sur les différences phénotypiques concourent à nourrir, autant, des processus de subjectivation que d’autres désirs de représentation qui s’imbriquent dans le local et l’international (associations/organisations nationales et internationales, politiques publiques, circulation de théories scientifiques). Tandis que l’enquête met en évidence les transformations sociétales et historiques qui participent à l’émergence d’un sujet Français.e n/Noir.e et les tensions afférentes qu’elles produisent (juridique, politique, académique, civique) depuis les deux dernières décennies ; elle permet aussi de montrer les effets de redondances qui caractérisent la singularité française noire. Ce sont les effets et les affects qui, dans la tension et la répétition, se (re) négocient individuellement et collectivement – au sein du vaste « champ-ressource » hétérogène qu’est la diaspora, pour tenter de (re) créer/représenter, à la fois, des différences et des similitudes qui s’agencent bon gré mal gré à d’autres différences : genre, histoire locale, juridique et nationale, voire internationale avec l’Europe et les États-Unis. Enfin, il s’agit de souligner que les processus de subjectivation des Français.es n/Noir.es relèvent d’abord du possible, c’est-à-dire que seul prime l’insaisissable et la créativité dans la capacité à devenir-n/Noir.e par opposition à une identité fixe
This doctoral thesis is devoted to the collective and individual processes of subjectification of the French b/Black people in the Paris region. It is about mapping a diasporic political and aesthetic geography, in which they move to produce modes of subjectivities and, to describe the multiple resources on which they rely to constitute themselves as French citizens and/or political actors. Because subjectivities arise from various encounters and resistances that are constantly subject to movement, the study describes the daily life of French b/Black people according to a rhizomatic interpretation of the territory. That is to say, by (re) constituting - a Parisian cosmopolitan territory which is made up, on the same level, of several physical places (France, Europe, United States) to take the form of a social and historical scene, academic and media scene, but also social and fictional scene. The renewal of the issue leads us to explore a sprawling scene, where the attempt to institutionalize a collective body through the associative world is invited to move towards the daily life of the research participants. With the dissemination of the term "Black" in public space, the Republican convention of citizen neutrality is put to the test; the discourses that focus on phenotypic differences contribute to nourishing both subjectification processes and other desires of representation that overlap locally and internationally (national and international associations/organizations, public policies, circulation of scientific theories). While the study highlights the societal and historical transformations that participate in the emergence of a French b/Black subject since the two last decades and the related tensions that they produce (legal, political, academic, civic); it also makes it possible to show the effects of redundancies which characterize the French black singularity. It is the effects and affects which, in tension and repetition, are (re) negotiated individually and collectively –, within the vast and heterogeneous “resource-field” that is the diaspora, in an attempt to (re) create / represent, at the same time some differences and similarities that come together willy-nilly with other differences: gender, local, legal and national history, even international with Europe and the United States. Finally, it is about underlining that fact that the processes of subjectification of the French b/Black people have first to do with the possible. That is to say, that only the elusive and the creativity in the capacity of becoming-b/Black as opposed to a fixed identity

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Os seres humanos ao se reproduzirem como esp?cie e ao produzirem seus bens materiais produzem o espa?o geogr?fico. Historicamente, o espa?o vem sendo produzido em fun??o do processo produtivo geral da sociedade. Partindo dessa abordagem, o trabalho em foco destina-se a fazer a an?lise da produ??o do tra?ado urbano de um simples povoado do litoral norte-rio-grandense, denominado Cajueiro, no qual observa-se uma total despreocupa??o com a composi??o urban?stica da ?rea, pelo fato da sua constru??o seguir os caminhos naturais vivenciados pelos seus moradores, mediante o atendimento das suas necessidades de sobreviv?ncia ao longo dos anos. Para melhor entender historicamente a produ??o desse espa?o litor?neo, optou-se por caminhar pelas suas ruas, becos e veredas, buscando atrav?s de entrevistas dirigidas e "bate papos espont?neos", explica??es para a sua atual configura??o urbana. Atualmente, esse parcelamento desordenado do solo, constitui-se num emaranhado tanto de ruas, como de casas que avan?am sobre o leito das vias, provocando, assim, uma composi??o desordenada do espa?o de circula??o, fato esse que se constitui num problema de fluidez de ve?culos e pessoas que percorrem esses caminhos estreitos e tortuosos, os quais, muito se assemelham a um verdadeiro labirinto urbano, pelo fato de ruas apresentarem linhas sinuosas entrela?adas e intricadas.

NOUS AVONS MIS EN OEUVRE UN DOUBLE PROJET – OBJET DE RECHERCHE DANS CE TRAVAIL.
D'UNE PART, NOUS AVONS ĖTUDIĖ COMMENT CONCEVOIR UNE HOMOGENĖITĖ DES CULTURES AFRICAINES ET EXPLIQUER A LA FOIS LA DIVERSITĖ DE LEURS PRODUCTIONS, AU DOUBLE SENS DU MYTHE ET DU RITE.
D'AUTRE PART, NOUS AVONS CHERCHĖ A PRODUIRE UN REPERTOIRE DE L'IMAGINAIRE NEGRO-AFRICAIN A PARTIR D'UNE ĖXEGÈSE ANTHROPO-SOCIOLOGIQUE DES CONCEPTS DE PRATIQUES RITUELLES ET DE REPRĖSENTATIONS SOCIALES.

Tese de Doutoramento - Programa Doutoral em Estudos de Comunicação: Tecnologia, Cultura e Sociedade, em associação com as seguintes universidades: Universidade do Minho, ISCTE- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Universidade da Beira Interior e Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias
Com a entrada das redes sociais em nossas vidas (e de nossas vidas nas redes sociais), a expressão de identidade e a veiculação das atividades quotidianas dos utilizadores são cada vez mais manifestas e, por consequência, influentes, atravessando esferas públicas e privadas, narrando o quotidiano e moldando o imaginário coletivo através da produção e compartilhamento de imagens online. O objetivo principal deste estudo é perceber como se cristaliza o imaginário de uma cidade no Instagram, a partir da análise de mais de 150 mil imagens das cidades de Lisboa e do Rio de Janeiro. Foram utilizadas tecnologias de coleta via interface de programação (API), sistemas de aprendizado de máquina (machine learning) e aplicações específicas para trabalhar com a amostra de proporções massivas que resultaram do processo de coleta com um ano de duração. Acreditamos que juntas, as abordagens metodológicas escolhidas podem prover um panorama mais compreensivo e complementar do imaginário de Lisboa e Rio de Janeiro no Instagram. Para além de revelar quais são os lugares, cores e enquadramentos mais utilizados para representar fotograficamente o imaginário das cidades, os resultados evidenciam marcas relacionadas à cultura local de utilização da aplicação Instagram. Os resultados apresentam aspetos relevantes da representação do imaginário urbano no Instagram, que incluem: 1) núcleos temáticos relacionados às hashtags utilizadas para classificar as fotografias; 2) categorias fotográficas mais utilizadas de acordo com as temáticas; 3) padrões cromáticos das cidades, que revelam como a luz e os aspetos visuais são representados na plataforma, e 4) fluxos temporais e traços culturais do uso do Instagram. Até onde temos conhecimento, este é o primeiro estudo tão abrangente sobre o imaginário urbano a partir da representação no Instagram.
With the protagonism of social networks in our lives (and, consequently, our lives representation on social networks), the expression of the identity and the sharing of everyday activities of users are increasingly consolidated and therefore influential, transcending public and private spheres, narrating the everyday and shaping the collective imaginary through the production and sharing of online images. The main objective of this study is to understand how the imaginary of a city crystallizes on Instagram, by analysing more than 150 thousand images of the cities of Lisbon and Rio de Janeiro. We applied automated collection tools via programming interface (API), machine learning systems and specific applications to work with the massive sample that resulted from the one-year collection process. We believe that together, the methodological approaches chosen can provide a more comprehensive and complementary panorama of the imaginary of Lisbon and Rio de Janeiro on Instagram. In addition to revealing which places, colors and framings are most used to depict photographically the cities' imaginary, the analysis reveal particularities related to the local culture of using the Instagram application. The results present relevant aspects of the urban imaginary representation in Instagram, which include: 1) thematic clusters related to the hashtags used to classify the photographs; 2) photographic categories most used according to the themes; 3) chromatic patterns of cities, which reveal visual and light aspects as represented on the platform, and 4) temporal flows and cultural traits of the use of Instagram. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in large proportion of urban imaginary from using Instagram representation as source.
Esta dissertação foi financiada pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) através da concessão de uma bolsa de doutoramento (PD/BD/105924/2014) no âmbito do Programa Doutoral em Estudos de Comunicação: Tecnologia, Cultura e Sociedade (PD/00059/2013 COMSOCITEC), Programa Doutoral em associação da responsabilidade de um consórcio entre seis Centros de Investigação portugueses [Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Sociedade (CECS), Centro de Estudos de Comunicação e Linguagens (CECL), Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia (CIES), Centro de Investigação em Comunicação Aplicada, Cultura e Novas Tecnologias (CICANT), Centro de Investigação Media e Jornalismo (CIMJ) e Laboratório de Comunicação e Conteúdos On-Line (LabCom) ], aos quais estão associadas quatro universidades [Universidade do Minho (UMinho), na qualidade de instituição proponente e Universidade-sede; ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL); Universidade da Beira Interior (UBI); e Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (ULHT/COFAC)].

Anexos para consulta (DVD) - TCD 3765
O presente trabalho problematiza sociologicamente o fenómeno das “marquises” no contexto urbano de Lisboa. Num primeiro momento, pretende-se compreender quando se terá iniciado a construção de marquises e o que terá levado os indivíduos a recorrerem a tal modificação em espaço doméstico. São assim examinados factores de ordem macrossocial, na tentativa de compor elementos que terão contribuído para o fechamento das varandas recorrendo a uma marquise. Conclui-se que por volta da década de 70 do século XX será a hipótese mais plausível para o início da construção de marquises. São, de seguida, aprofundados os autores clássicos da Sociologia Urbana para problematizar as componentes organizativas da dimensão urbana. O terceiro momento de análise é dedicado ao fenómeno da “marquise”, enquanto problema: i) político-administrativo, onde são descritas as entrevistas nos municípios de Oeiras e Amadora; ii) tema social, apresentando-se três acções colectivas que se interessaram por este fenómeno; e por último, iii) oportunidade comercial, onde é exposta uma campanha da empresa IKEA e a respectiva visita ao local. Num quarto momento é elaborada a construção empírica do objecto marquise. Conduziram-se seis entrevistas na freguesia de Campo de Ourique. Foi possível concluir que a construção do espaço marquise está associada a factores subjectivos dos moradores, do que é tido como adequado. Neste sentido, coincidem tanto expectativas como projecções que decorrem no imaginário dos habitantes sobre as experiências habitacionais que desejam em contexto doméstico. Estes desejam, essencialmente, “ganhar mais espaço”, e através de actos de bricolagem, fazem território consolidando estratégias de distanciamento e proximidade que pretendem entre o espaço interior, privado, e o espaço exterior, público. Debate-se também a marquise, enquanto construção física e simbólica, na sua funcionalidade relativamente às dinâmicas de gestão do ambiente doméstico, incorporando objectos e práticas que são similares entre entrevistados.
The aim of the present work is to analyze sociologically the phenomenon of the marquise in the Lisbon urban context. First, we try to understand when the first constructions of the marquise occurred and what pushed people to make such a modification in the domestic space. We examined macrosociological factors in order to find out elements that could have contributed to the closure of the balconies. Our findings suggest that the beginning of the construction of the marquises took place approximately around the 70’s of the 20th century. Afterwards, the classical authors of Urban Sociology are introduced to discuss the organizational components of the urban dimension. The third moment of the analysis is dedicated to the phenomenon of marquise focusing on: i) political-administrative problem, where the interviews in the municipalities of Oeiras and Amadora are described; ii) social issue, presenting three collective actions concerning this phenomenon; iii) business opportunities, where we expose an IKEA campaign and the visit to the facilities. In the fourth moment the empirical construction of the marquise object is developed. We conducted six interviews in Campo de Ourique, which allow us to conclude that the construction of the marquise space is associated with resident’s subjective factors. In this sense, expectations and projections that occur in people’s imaginary, match the housing experiences people want in the domestic context. Residents essentially want to "make more space". Making use of distance and proximity strategies, to ensure the interior private space and the exterior public space, they use bricolage acts making territory. We also discuss the marquise, as a physical and symbolic construction, in its functionality regarding the management dynamics of the domestic atmosphere, incorporating objects and practices that are similar among interviewees.