Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Espagne – Conditions sociales – 21e siècle'
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Sagnard-Haddaoui, Nadine. "La nouvelle condition ouvrière : de l'extension des modes de domination patronale aux nouvelles formes de résistances ouvrières : entre fuite, zèle et résignation." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20073.
Full textOur essay on the changes in the condition of workers shows management of stronger type in "modernized" firms where workers are more closely controlled, hence entering the disappearance of the relative balance between managers' domination and the labour force, as at the time of the "Fordist compromise". The economic, technological, and social reorganization following the crisis of the 1970s resulted in workers' collectives being dismantled, in class solidarity vanishing, and in unions getting weaker. The "modern" firm has lost its integrative function by making jobs temporary and replacing them according to economic circumstances. Since then, the new balance has been favourable to managers. The traditional forms of workers' resistance have been harmed by the new management method where social control is omnipotent. To counteract the reinforcement of managers' control, new forms of rebellion have appeared : there are defensive rather than offensive, secret, and above all individual rather than collective. Temporary wage-earners, fearing social exclusion, have very little liberty left; the least resigned of them try to make the most of it. This movement is hardly controlled by the management and is a tool for reconquering the self-esteem that was lost in such firms where economic stakes outclass people's lot
Saupin, Catherine. "La condition des femmes en Espagne à travers les écrits de la journaliste Josefina Carabias (1955-1980)." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3024.
Full textMontilla-Halajewsky, Luis Miguel. "El humor y el discurso humoristico en la novela "Dios se ha ido" de Javier García Sánchez." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21942.
Full textFort, Emilie. "Serbes du Kosovo, Serbes ou Kosovars? : analyser le rôle de l’espace de vie dans la production des identifications au sein de quatre localités serbes au Kosovo." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66582.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyze the process of identity building of Serbs population living in Kosovo by focusing on how the living environment impacts the production and reception of identification. For the purpose of this study, the cases were selected because of their distinguishing spatial configuration: the Serbs neighborhood of Orahovac, the village of Velika Hoča, the village of Gračanica and the village of Štrpce. In this research, we choose to address identity building through institutional and local narratives in order to examine the co-constitution process between agency and structure which is the current conceptual framework through which identity building is studied. So far, very few studies have questioned the impact of the living environment in this co-constitution process. However, this thesis reveals that the living environment mediates the agency-structure relation and impacts how individuals receive and produce identifications. We stress the need to distinguish between narrative and representation in order to study the identity building process. We also suggest that identifications are mostly a matter of degrees rather than a zero-sum process. The living environment appears both as a producer and a product of individual identification, thus being a good example of a structure-agency co-constitution. This thesis discusses the very rigid and objective comprehension of the living environments as well as the marginalization of ordinary people and the ways through which they perform collective identity.
Montemayor, Julian. "Tolède entre fortune et déclin (1530-1640)." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20008.
Full textLévesque, Sébastien. "Les inégalités sociales dans l'Inuit Nunangat : l'empreinte, le pic et la crevasse." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25618.
Full textBuisine-Soubeyroux, Marie-Hélène. "Alphabetisation, éducation et société à Logroño au temps d'Espartero (1833-1875)." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR2042.
Full textThe purpose of our thesis is to propose a social history of education in 19th century in Spain. We analyse the start and development of primary and secondary educational system in the city of Logrono from 1833 to 1875. We put it in relation with the social structure strongly influenced by the rise of a new "middle-classe" establishment. The monographic approach allows us to define the local reality. Our work is based on the use of primary sources (such as notary deeds, pools from various educational institutions, documents extracted from the 1860 census). It also follows the social micro history approach as defined by Christophe Charle. The plan is in three parts: the first one is dedicated to the analysis of the process of literacy of Logrono population; the other two parts aim to highlight the growth, the functioning and the social role played by the primary and secondary institutions. The firsts result we achieved is to underline that Logrono is quite ahead for the literacy rate compared to the rest of the country
Firmino, Sophie. "Les réfugiés carlistes en France de 1833 à 1843." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR2040.
Full textBuiguès, Jean-Marc. "Economie, societe et mentalites en vieille castille au dix-huitieme siecle : la ville de leon et sa juridiction." Montpellier 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON30010.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to approach eighteenth-century castilian economy, society and mentalities through the study of a particular case, the town of leon and its jurisdiction. The choice of these spatial limits allows a global approach of a town and of its countryside, which as a whole represent ninety villages and about fifteen thousand people. The first part deals with the geographical and institutional limits of the town and its jurisdiction. This is completed by an analysis of the structure and evolution of the population between fifteen-ninety and eighteen-twenty. The second part analyses the socio-professional structures of the town and of its countryside from the sixteenth until the eighteenth century. The economy of the town and of its countryside, the general structure of property, and urban landel property in the eighteenth century are studied in greater detail. The mentalities in the eighteenth century are analysed in a third part which is organized along two themes : the weight of religion which is revealed in wills and representations (pictures, sculptures, etc. ), and the penetration of the enlightenment in eighteenth-century old castile, this last aspect being based on a measure of literacy and on an analysis of leonese readers and readings
Desouches, Olivier. "Piazza Vittorio, des chinois qui mènent à Rome : défis diasporiques globalisés et conflits de territorialisation identitaire." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20008.
Full textThe Chinese community studied in this thesis originates from Wenzhou, South of the Zhejiang province ; it settled in the Piazza Vittorio area after this site, located since Ancient Rome on the Esquilino Hill, was restored. The Chinese settlement benefited also from the transfer of the obsolescent open–air Piazza Vittorio market, removed in 2001 to more convenient locations, near the train station Termini. The analysis of this settling process is based on Roman newspapers articles and interviews with residents and locals authorities. It brought forward accurate ethnographical reports of the area and maps showing the expanse of food and clothes businesses. Local residents, mostly petty pensioners and ageing shop-keepers view this invasion over language and territory as a threat toward their Roman identity. They hold the Chinese immigration responsible for the increasing local crime rate and fear the conquering and enterprising spirit of a so closely knit community. The Local Council authorities - mostly left Democrats – were either supportive towards non European minorities ( they organized the election of Alien Residents representatives and civil rights clinics for minorities ) either coercive demanding the enforcement of sanitation and security rules , the use of Italian language for labeling , strict control over illegal immigration and sweat labour. The failure of the local citizens laboratory, set up as a means for mediation between communities, should not however cancel the success of the multi-cultural orchestra Piazza Vittorio
Busso, Mariana. "Trabajadores informales en Argentina : de la construcción de identidades colectivas a la constitución de organizaciones ? : un estudio de la relación entre identificaciones sociales y organizaciones de trabajadores feriantes de la ciudad de La Plata, en los umbrales del siglo XXI." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10074.
Full textKotb, Amira Mohamed, and Amira Mohamed Kotb. "Assessing the effectiveness of Street Girls NGOs in Egypt : with whom? In what specific context?" Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25921.
Full textDepuis les années 80’s, plusieurs ONG locales et internationales opèrent en Egypte afin d’éradiquer le phénomène des enfants de la rue. Cependant, le phénomène persiste et donne lieu à une seconde génération d’enfants de rue, notamment avec la présence de jeunes filles dans la rue. Par ailleurs, un large pourcentage de ces mères refuse d’abandonner la rue ou de rejoindre les programmes de réhabilitation des ONG. Non seulement une génération de petits-enfants de rue voit le jour mais en 2011, ces enfants commencent à prendre part dans des affrontements violents contre l’armée et les forces de sécurité égyptiennes. La dégénération du problème pousse l’Etat Egyptien –jusque-là quasi réticent d’aborder en profondeur les causes du problème- à engager un bras de fer avec les filles et les garçons de la rue. Selon l’Etat, l’approche « de sauvetage » appliquée par les ONG se serait avérée ineffective et par conséquent, devrait céder la place à une approche « punitive » à l’égard des enfants de la rue. Ainsi, l’Etat décide de construire un « village » isolé sous l’égide de l’armée égyptienne où les enfants de la rue seront groupés et placés contre leur gré. Entre les limites de l’approche de sauvetage et la violence de l’approche punitive, cette thèse cherche à trouver une troisième voie où les efforts des ONG et de l’Etat pourraient aboutir à des solutions plus adaptées aux besoins des enfants de la rue. A travers un échantillon de 30 filles de rue, cette thèse tente de repérer les facteurs causant la faible réceptivité des filles de rues aux programmes des ONG et limitant l’effectivité de l’approche de sauvetage. Pour ce faire, la thèse utilise l’approche de l’écologie sociale de Bronfenbrenner pour étudier les cinq couches formant l’environnement de chaque fille et interagissant pour affecter son processus de prise de décisions. L’effet de chacune de ces couches sur la réceptivité des filles de rues aux ONG est ensuite analysé statistiquement afin d’aider les ONG à concevoir des programmes sur mesure qui répondent aux besoins spécifiques de chaque fille de la rue.
Since the 1980s, many local and international NGOs have been operating in Egypt to solve the problem of street children. However, the phenomenon persisted and produced a second generation of street children, largely due to a high number of young girls living on the street. A large percentage of these street mothers refuse to abandon the street or to join rehabilitation programs provided by NGOs. Not only a new generation of street grand-children was born but in 2011, these children began participating in violent clashes against the Egyptian Army and Security Forces. The degeneration of the problem pushed the Egyptian State, thus far unwilling to address the roots of the problem to launch an iron fist policy against street girls and boys. According to the State, the “rescuing” approach adopted by NGOs has proven ineffective and consequently must be replaced by a “punitive” approach to deal with street children. Therefore, the State decided to build, under the supervision of the Egyptian Army, an isolated “village” where street children will be gathered and placed against their will. Between the limits of the rescuing approach and the violence of the punitive one, this dissertation seeks a third path, where the efforts of NGOs and the State can lead to solutions more tailored to the needs of street children. Through a sample of 30 street girls, this dissertation tries to locate the factors causing the low responsiveness of street girls to NGOs and limiting the effectiveness of the rescuing approach. For this purpose, the dissertation uses Bronfenbrenner’s social ecology approach to study the five layers forming each girl’s environment and interacting to affect her decision making process. The effect of each layer on girls’ responsiveness to NGOs is then analyzed statistically to help NGOs design programs that better address the individual needs of each street girl.
Since the 1980s, many local and international NGOs have been operating in Egypt to solve the problem of street children. However, the phenomenon persisted and produced a second generation of street children, largely due to a high number of young girls living on the street. A large percentage of these street mothers refuse to abandon the street or to join rehabilitation programs provided by NGOs. Not only a new generation of street grand-children was born but in 2011, these children began participating in violent clashes against the Egyptian Army and Security Forces. The degeneration of the problem pushed the Egyptian State, thus far unwilling to address the roots of the problem to launch an iron fist policy against street girls and boys. According to the State, the “rescuing” approach adopted by NGOs has proven ineffective and consequently must be replaced by a “punitive” approach to deal with street children. Therefore, the State decided to build, under the supervision of the Egyptian Army, an isolated “village” where street children will be gathered and placed against their will. Between the limits of the rescuing approach and the violence of the punitive one, this dissertation seeks a third path, where the efforts of NGOs and the State can lead to solutions more tailored to the needs of street children. Through a sample of 30 street girls, this dissertation tries to locate the factors causing the low responsiveness of street girls to NGOs and limiting the effectiveness of the rescuing approach. For this purpose, the dissertation uses Bronfenbrenner’s social ecology approach to study the five layers forming each girl’s environment and interacting to affect her decision making process. The effect of each layer on girls’ responsiveness to NGOs is then analyzed statistically to help NGOs design programs that better address the individual needs of each street girl.
Malaprade, Sébastien. "Stratégies familiales et mobilité sociale : fortune et infortunes de la famille Jurado y moya dans la première moitié du XVIIè siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0102.
Full textThis thesis examines the family trajectory of Rodrigo Jurado y Moya, a Finance Council magistrate during the reign of Philip IV of Spain, from a micro-historic perspective. Focusing on his trajectory led me to investigate the socio-political mechanisms facilitating social mobility within a supposedly immobile Ancien Régime society. Taking fewer than thirty years, the rise of the Jurado family is striking; its drop in social status being its counterpart. This instrance of rapid social mobility stresses issues related to social changes in the modem era. It helps us understand how a commoner can build a noble "house" from scratch. My analysis consists of four main parts. Complementary stratégies to social ascension. My study ties together the Jurado family's projects, the financial and commercial opportunities they gain through their service to the King, their relations with the business sector, and the building of their fortune. Legitimizing acquired positions. Rodrigo Jurado's writings and stratégies suggest his constant resort to dissimulation in order to legitimize his own ascension. His goal is to manipulate his identity to make it align with dominant nobiliaiy représentations. My thesis shows how porous the légal and financial worlds are. Understanding that lawyers and bankers share a common culture, at once theoretical and practical, is essential for understanding the "fiscal-financial" System. Finally, these three points suggest that paradigms insisting on the "mentalité rentière" or on the closing of society in times of crisis should be taken with a grain of sait. The thesis demonstrates the actors' ability to adapt to and benefit from circumstantial changes
Brassard, Imbeault Andrée-Ann. "Questions d'immigration et d'intégration en Suisse : une étude historique sur 50 ans de débats sociopolitiques aux influences radicales (1960-2010)." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26589.
Full textDiallo, Mamadou Yaya. "Les interactions sociales dans le milieu du travail : évidence du terrain." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26946.
Full textBegin, Johanne. "Insécurités : une interprétation environnementale de la violence au Ouaddaï (Tchad oriental)." Paris 1, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00406684.
Full textDiarra, Setou Mamadou. "Three essays in the microeconomics of development." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27508.
Full textIn this thesis, I investigate factors that undermine children’s life chances in developing countries, with a particular focus on sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries . Three essays comprise this thesis. The first two (Chapters 1 and 2) focus on the life chances of adolescent girls in relation to the issue of child marriage, while the third essay (Chapter 3) focuses on child poverty, in relation to the issue of concordance/discordance between monetary and multidimensional measures of this phenomenon. Child marriage is found in almost all regions of the world, but SSA gets the brunt of it, as it is home to 8 of the 10 countries worldwide reporting the highest prevalence rates of this phenomenon. In 2010, 34% (about 67 million) of young women aged 20-24 globally were married before their eighteenth birthday and about 12% were married by age 15. The United Nation Population Fund (UNFPA) estimates that if present trends continue, 142 million girls will be married before age 18 in the next decade (UNFPA, 2012). Child marriage has been shown to hamper developing countries girls’ life chances both directly and indirectly (UNFPA, 2012). Where it exists as a mass phenomenon, it reflects gendered norms that shape adolescent girls’ lives through constrained choices and capabilities relative to boys, including a higher care work burden for girls, restricted access to education, limited mobility; limited authority in the family for wives ( particularly over sexuality and fertility decisions). Combating child marriage in SSA and elsewhere may thus yield significant positive spillovers for the achievement of the 2030 United Nation’s Agenda for Sustainable Development. The existing child marriage literature highlights the joint role played by supply-side factors — i.e., why parents marry off their underage daughters— and demand-side factors— i.e., why men enter into marital relationships with underage girls— in driving the prevalence rates of child marriage in the developing world. To turn this empirical finding into effective policy action, however, a quantitative assessment of the relative strength of both demandside and supply-side factors in explaining these high prevalence rates is of paramount importance. The first essay of my thesis aims to fill this knowledge gap by measuring the quantitative importance of the intrinsic value Niger’s men attach to having child brides. The second essay follows up on the first, by developing a demand-side model of child marriage with empirical application to Nigeria, to explain why a large proportion of men in developing countries marry underage girls. The third essay explores both theoretically and empirically the causes of the observed mismatch between monetary and multidimensional child poverty. Like the first two essays, it is empirically grounded in the experiences of SSA countries, with a practical application to Tanzania. This essay theoretically links child outcomes, such as nutritional status and schooling achievements to parental and household characteristics including household income and parental education. The model used to formalize this link predicts that parental education influences the level of the mismatch between monetary and multidimensional child poverty. Empirical evidence drawn from Tanzania NPS data is consistent with this prediction. In particular, results show that parental education is a negative predictor of the probability that a monetarily non-poor child suffers some basic deprivations, and a positive predictor of the likelihood that a monetarily poor child suffers no basic deprivations. Overall, these three essays contribute to advancing our knowledge of factors that constraint children’s life chances in SSA. In particular, my thesis suggests that policy interventions that ignores the extent and causes of local resistance to the implementation of child marriage prevention programs may face uncertain results (Essay 1 and Essay 2). It also highlights another channel through which parental education can play an important role in the improvement of children’s life chances in developing countries (Essay 3).
Paré, Pierre-Olivier. "Évolution des impacts de cinq transformations sociales sur la progression du niveau de vie des Québecois de 1986 à 2016." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70285.
Full textSince the end of the Second World War, Quebec society has undergone major changes that may have influenced the recent increase in the standard of living of Quebecers: i) major school reforms; ii) the change from the Fordist model of production to the post-Fordist model of production; iii) increased contribution of women to the labor market; iv) the change from the modern family model to the contemporary family model; and v) the aging of the population. The main objectives of this thesis are, on the one hand, to better understand how these transformations could have affected the increase in the standard of living from 1986 to 2016 and, on the other hand, to highlight the inequalities in the standard of living between households according to their characteristics. To do this, we propose to examine the evolution of the standard of living from a macroeconomic perspective, using real GDP per capita, and from a microeconomic perspective using adjusted income. Some of our variables had negative impacts on the standard of living (changes in the demographic profile of the population, the decrease in the number of workers per household, the decrease in the number of hours worked level as well as changes in household composition). Other variables had nuanced impacts or little impact (changes in the age and sex of the primary maintainer, the decrease in household size and the stagnation of employment income). On the other hand, certain variables had positive impacts (the evolution of the employment rate, the growth of productivity, the decrease in the number of dependent children per household, the increase in the level of education and the growth government transfers).
Smaili, Moulay Abdelhamid. "Le Maroc oriental : économie et société (1907-1956)." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070018.
Full textHaving been a zone of the mixing of populations during striking peripeties of its history, the east of morocco went into a phase of rapid mutations within the frame of the political regime of the french protectorat, that is to say from 1907 to 1955. We propose to follow the economic and social evolution through the effects of the encounter of two civilisations apparently contradictory and deeply contrasted ; one deep-rooted in sclerosed material and moral values ; the other endowed with an original technicity and an irresistible will to mutation. Was it an encounter with the aspect of a superficial and limited contract, even facilitated by the existence of an innovating current in gestation, or on the contrary, of a choc felt like a wide rent and a rapid destruction imposed by a foreign dynamism? weren't the colonial methods carried out for a longtime in algeria, rigorously applied - under the pressure of affairs circles - in a region slightly different from the bordering oranie ? did the new mode of production have only noxious and devastating effects on the ancient mode of production?
Mary-Trojani, Cécile. "De l'éthique à l'industrie : représentations et exercices de l'amitié, en Espagne, au temps des Lumières (quelques exemples)." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20072.
Full textOur questioning is organized around the interactions between two elements of the sensitiveness of the so called enlightened century : privacy and sociability. We studied the representations of friendship which convey a discourse upon friendship and fictional works, studying first a few old texts, then a sampling of “theatrical” readings that the Spanish of the XVIIIth century could do around the topic of friendship. We dealt with original texts (Olóriz, Marchena, Cadalso), and original texts back to reading in the XVIIIth century (Nieremberg), but also with translated texts (Sacy, Caraccioli, Wieland). Then we enlarged our approach of the universe of representations by considering the fictionalisation of friendship, and then studied the romance-like writing of the friendly feeling from the point of view of the epistolary form and of the complex links which appear between love, friendship and parentality (La Leandra, La Serafina, La Filósofa por amor), and eventually we evinced the quest for exemplarity and the sociable dimension of friendship in brief tales (El heroísmo de la amistad, El Amigofingido, El fiel amigo). Our second part deals with exercising friendship. This is perfectly illustrated in friendship socialisation that an institution emblematical of the enlightened Spain brings about : the Royal Basque Society of the Friends of the Country. We first identified the friends who were to become Friends of the Country, the links that existed between one another and their projects, then surveyed the change from the trato and the tertulia into a society built upon the invocation of friendship. As friendship had by then become Friendship for the Country, we concomitantly studied the way mail (Peñaflorida / Álava) enabled the interaction between the two notions and two practices, as well as the incidence of the very interaction on the expression of the actual experience of a friendly feeling. Leaving apart the institutional aspects, we privileged the social-cultural aspect of the phenomenon as well as the epistolary sources enabling to understand the attitudes of the men and the circumstances that would influence their decisions
Brière, Andréanne. "L'appropriation de l'espace domestique inuit : enjeux socioculturels à Kangirsujuaq, au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25245.
Full textThe objective of this research is to explore how Inuit of the community of Kangirsujuaq, in Nunavik, Quebec occupies their space. More specifically, this research examines how these occupy their domestic space through their ability of appropriation and how Kangirsujuarmiut live in their house, imbued with a strong cultural resilience of the nomad way of life. Also, this research explores how they built their own and specific space in a context where exogenous elements of the Inuit culture are present. This study demonstrates an important dynamic of mobility linking domestic space to the community, but also to the territory while being in a highly institutionalized situation.
Bationo, Nebila Jean-Claude. "Engagement paternel en contexte migratoire et développement socio-affectif de l'enfant." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69513.
Full textThe overall goal of this thesis is to understand immigrant fathers' acculturation strategies and their influences on their engagement and their children's social-emotional development. Specifically, it aims to: describe the acculturation strategies of immigrant fathers and explore the links between these strategies and the immigration context; clarify the relationship between acculturation strategies and different modalities of immigrant fathers' involvement; test the indirect relationship between immigrant fathers' acculturation strategies and the child's social-emotional development through paternal engagement in the context of migration. The well-being of the family and of the child in particular occupies an important place in our societies. Factors and events that may affect construction and family dynamics are now concerns for the research community. For a long time, the mother-child relationship and the role of the mother in the early development of the child have been the subject of studies and observations. The child's attachment to the mother was then presented as a logic and a norm, while the father's contribution was minimal or revealed much later. However, more studies on the engagement and place of the father in the development of the young child are seeing the day. These studies reveal the positive influence of an early and assiduous participation of the father on the development of the child. Therefore, in addition to the mother, the father is a major attachment figure for the child when he is present in the child's life. However, research that has highlighted the importance of paternal engagement or commitment has had very little interest in fathers in immigration situation. Yet, this engagement can influence the father-child relationship. Through a quantitative research design, we interviewed fathers, but also mothers (especially for the development of the child) from immigrant backgrounds. We also collected information on the socio-emotional development of their children. In total, one hundred and forty-five people (86 fathers and 45 mothers) completed various questionnaires. Most of participants come from sub-Saharan Africa (80%), followed by North Africa and Latin America. They have been living in Quebec for an average of 6 years, most of them are employed and have an annual family income of $40,000 or more. The analyses that follow focus on fathers and children. Our findings indicate that immigrant fathers in our sample have high averages both in their orientation towards their culture of origin and in their orientation towards Quebec society in terms of acculturation attitudes. Per our findings, immigrant fathers reconcile the values of their country of origin well with those of the Quebec host society. The analyses also show that fathers use different acculturation strategies (i.e. assimilation, integration, marginalization, separation), and that these strategies change depending on certain context and immigration variables (e.g. fathers' age, employment status, family income and immigration status). Moreover, acculturation strategies (attitudes and acculturation profiles) which do not remain static have an impact on paternal engagement. Thus, fathers who are oriented towards Quebec culture or who have a profile of integration or assimilation are more engaged with their children. Finally, structural equation modeling analyses show that beyond this commitment, the acculturation strategies of the father influence the socio-emotional development of the child. These actions take place in two ways. On the one hand, the attitudes and acculturation profiles of the father directly affect the socioemotional development of the child. In this situation, when the father orients himself towards Quebec culture, the child shows less anxiety and aggression while the father's orientation towards his culture of origin causes anxiety in the latter. In fact, in circumstances where the father encounters difficulties and has difficulty accepting the values of the host society, he may experience stress and anxiety that he transmits, in one way or another, to his child. On the other hand, acculturation strategies are indirectly involved in the child's socioemotional development. This observation is mostly verified for social competence. The various analyses indicate that to the extent that the father is oriented towards Quebec culture or has an integration profile, he is engaged and his child flourishes in terms of social acquisitions. In these circumstances, paternal commitment acts as a mediator in the relationship between acculturation strategies and the socio-emotional development of the child, especially the formation of his social skills. These findings are discussed in light of previous research on immigration, paternal engagement, socio-emotional development and the needs of the child. The contributions and limitations of this study as well as the avenues for future work are also discussed.
Leray, Frédéric. "Les mères seules et leurs espaces de vie : Mobilités résidentielles et pratiques quotidiennes de l’espace des femmes seules avec enfant(s) en Bretagne." Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00551602/fr/.
Full textThe growing instability of couples, married or not, has largely contributed to the increase of single parenthood. Nowadays, 20% of French families with children are single-parent families. Among these families, 85% are women-headed (Insee, 2006). While several studies have been devoted to understand the poverty of women with children, researches on their living spaces and their spatial practices are uncommon. This is why the model of « social space of vulnerability » (Séchet and al. , 2002) offers an interesting framework to support the methodology of the doctoral research. The methodology combines a quantitative method (questionnaire) and a qualitative one (interviews), allowing us to measure the constraints of residential and daily mobilities on single mothers lives. Firstly, it appears that single parenthood involves residential mobility and residential regression because of a limited choice of housing (localisation, status). Secondly, the analysis has shown that residential mobility comes often with a diminution of social networks, time, capacity for mobility and therefore, by a retraction of the living spaces. Finally, the research has revealed various forms of vulnerability (economic, social, spatial) interacting with each other and leading to cumulative risks: poverty, spatial marginalization and social exclusion
Terrier, Eugénie. "Mobilités et expériences territoriales des étudiants internationaux en Bretagne : interroger le rapport mobilités spatiales - inégalités sociales à partir des migrations étudiantes." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458198.
Full textAudin, Judith. "Vie quotidienne et pouvoir dans trois quartiers de Pékin : une microsociologie politique comparée des modes de gouvernement urbain au début du 21e siècle." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/dambferfb7dfprc9m28294h86.
Full textThis thesis offers a study of power exercise in three different types of neighbourhoods in Beijing, China, where the author carried out fieldwork from 2007 until 2009. This approach « from below » aims at understanding daily life by crisscrossing urban microsociology and comparative politics. The urban neighbourhood, as a site of power, undergoes different forms of hetero-control, social control and self-control. The neighourhood space is produced by the interactions and theatrical dispositions of the inhabitants, but also by the local workers, among whom the people who work in residents' committees. This organization located at the root-level, though not officially part of the urban administration, is involved in the reform of local public action known as « neighbourhood communities » building (shequ jianshe). An essential link between the inhabitants and the upper-level administration, the committee can be seen as a new generation of street-level bureaucracy. The process of domination is initiated both by the state's strategies aiming at shaping modern civilized citizens living in an international metropolis, and by the inhabitants' yearning for comfort, order, stability. The converging of these different interests leads to the new residential model (xiaoqu), which creates mechanisms of submission (to the logic of the market) as well as subjection (the individuals being able to invent new frames with their daily practices). The eneighbourhood has thus become the core of the state's local formation, a place where each individual is more and more responsible of his own domination, a place more and more conform to the social image of the « good life »
Machado, Meugé Eliana. "Le "chemin de croix" de l'héroïne dans quatre romans d'Antonio Gala : La pasión turca, Más allá del jardín, La regla de tres et Las afueras de Dios : thèse." Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE2033.
Full textMichon, Camille. "Enquête sur l'expérience sportive d'athlètes canadien.ne.s : portrait des expériences vécues en sport par des athlètes trans." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66320.
Full textShongedza, Ignatiana. "L' évolution de l'éducation des femmes en Afrique australe." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010572.
Full textEscudero, Xavier. "La bohème littéraire espagnole de la fin du XIXe au début du XXe siècle : d’un art de vivre à un art d’écrire." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040128.
Full textAmong all the literary movements the late 19th and early 20th centuries are teeming with, only one of them seems to have remained in the margin of literary history : bohemia. As a ritual or a phase, bohemia with its many functions has eventually become a real art of living driving young writers-to-be full of illusions, towards the great capital cities looking for fame and recognition. The late 19th century Spanish litterature (from 1864 to 1920) took an interest int hose idealistic combatants by revealing the dofficulty or nonsense of their course. Going through sympathy, praise, derision and irony, these novels, plays or tales deal with this genre of literary bohemia from its birth to its death (or transfiguration). Yet, far from being a phenomenon of society or a fascinating topic of fiction, Spanish bohemians develop their own art of writing without always being able to create a literature of its own. Their writings, most of which had been unknown hitherto, show a life of turmoil marked with misery and failure, eventually giving the readers a flamboyant and disenchanted view of the status of an artist in a Spanish society that is being more and more industrialized and deshumanised. Their writings can be read as an unfolding definition of literary bohemia, a concept that can be observed, denied, denigrated or, on the contrary, defended though still vague and unsignificant in the whole literary history. This study of literary bohemia through masterpieces of Hispanic literature or bohemian writings gives way to the discovery of a whole line of writers that have been forgotten because labelled as « los vencidos »
Ghislain, Cédric. "Les Belges du Canada : une minorité qui se découvre de 1881 à 1911." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26475.
Full textParadis, Jonathan. "L'indigénisation de la subjectivité néolibérale chez les étudiants de la Royal University of Phnom Penh au Cambodge." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33289.
Full textThese last decades, Cambodia experienced profound transformations at such a pace that their impacts on individuals have not entirely been looked into yet. In this ever changing context, neoliberalism has gained a prominent role which I explore in this thesis, with particular attention to young Cambodians attending the Royal University of Phnom Penh. The aim is to shed light on how these students welcome this new influence, encouraging them to adopt the homo oeconomicus’ subjectivity and the particular rationality coming with it. This in turn supports an important redefinition of education and its role. To make theirs these new ideas, university students put forth their agency to ensure that they stay harmonized with their sociocultural environment. Ethnographic fieldwork was conducted in 2015-2016 to clarify the indigenisation process at play. The results highlight, first, the impact of neoliberalism on students and, second, the limitations to the adoption of these new ideas in the face of geography, economic situation, parental pressure and gender. Ultimately, through fieldwork, my research helps highlight the definition of education favored by the students, the rationality that drives them them through university, and a few elements of accessibility to university education in Cambodia.
Cyr, Wright Catherine. "«Bat dlo a pou fè bè» : discours de femmes haïtiennes habitant en milieu rural : pouvoirs et empowerment." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28033.
Full textCe projet de recherche en développement international est ancré dans une perspective féministe postcoloniale. Celui-ci vise à reconnaître et approfondir la multiplicité et les complexités du pouvoir, dans un but d’empowerment, auprès des femmes de Lhomond, une communauét rurale en Haïti. Cette étude a documenté les discours de femmes (n=10) à propos de l’actualisation de leur propre empowerment au quotidien. Le cadre conceptuel choisi relatif à l’empowerment décline le pouvoir en quatre types : le « pouvoir intérieur », le « pouvoir de », le « pouvoir avec » et le « pouvoir sur » (Charlier, 2006b, 2006a; Oxaal et Baden, 1997; Rowlands, 1997). La collecte de données s’est déroulée sur une période de trois mois. La méthodologie utilisée a mis en place des entrevues (individuelles et de groupe) ainsi qu’une observation participante. Les résultats ont mis en lumière les descriptions des femmes de plusieurs situations de leur vie quotidienne au sein desquelles se manifestaient ces quatre types de pouvoir. De plus, les participantes ont fait part de nombreuses interactions ayant lieu entre différents types de pouvoir. Ces résultats ont reconfirmé des recherches antérieures sur les différents types de pouvoir et leur lien avec le processus d’empowerment. Par exemple, un « pouvoir de » limité (dépendance financière, analphabétisme, accès difficile à l’emploi, etc.) tend à freiner le processus d’empowerment, alors qu’un « pouvoir avec » renforcé (solidarité, partage, action collective, etc.) tend à favoriser le processus d’empowerment malgré la faiblesse d’autres types de pouvoir. À partir des résultats obtenus, cette étude amène quelques nuances ainsi qu’une complexité additionnelle au cadre conceptuel adopté au départ et met en lumière d’autres aspects du pouvoir à considérer dans de futures recherches portant sur l’empowerment des femmes.
This research project in the field of international development and the empowerment of women is rooted in a postcolonial feminist perspective. This research attempts to recognize and foreground the multiplicity and complexities of power – within the goal of empowerment – for the women of Lhomond, a rural community in Haiti. The study documented women’s discourse (n=10) with respect to their own sense of empowerment in their daily lives. The conceptual model chosen portrays power along four lines : “power within”, “power to”, “power with” and “power over” (Charlier, 2006b, 2006a; Oxaal & Baden, 1997; Rowlands, 1997). Data collection occurred over a three month period. Principal methodology included interviews (individual and group) and participant observation. Results showcase the women’s descriptions of multiple situations in their daily life in which these four types of power were occurring. Moreover, these women articulated numerous interactions taking place between these four types of power. These results reaffirm previous research with respect to differing types of power and their relationship with empowerment. For example, a limited sense of “power to” (financial dependance, illiteracy, poor access to employment, etc.), tends to diminish the process of empowerment, whereas an enhanced sense of “power with” (solidarity, sharing, collective action, etc.), tends to enhance the process of empowerment (and this even when the other types of power are weak). Based on the results, this study offers some nuances – additional complexity – to the conceptual model and highlights some additional aspects of power to be considered for future research in regards to the empowerment of women.
Pwojè rechèch sa a, ki nan sijè devlòpman entènasyonal, li gen yon pèspèktiv feminist ak poskolonyalis. Li vle konnen pi byen konplèksite ak miltiplikasyon pouvwa a nan yon objèktif ranfòsman pouvwa a pou fanm Lonmon, yon zòn ki andeyò an Ayiti. Etid sa a te fèt sou pawòl fanm yo (n=10) sou ki jan yo wè ranfòsman pouvwa pa yo nan lavi chak jou yo. Modèl ranfòsman pouvwa a gen 4 jan pouvwa yo: “pouvwa nan ou a”, “pouvwa de”, “pouvwa avèk” ak “pouvwa sou” (Charlier, 2006b, 2006a; Oxaal ak Baden, 1997; Rowlands, 1997). Kolèksyon done yo te fèt sou yon peryòd 3 mwa. Fason etid la te fèt se ak entèvyou (endividyèl ak an gwoup) epi tou ak obsèvasyon a patisipasyon. Rezilta yo te pèmèt wè, ak pawòl fanm Lomon yo, kijan 4 jan pouvwa yo reyalize nan lavi yo. Epi tou, fanm yo te montre entèraksyon yo ki rive ant 4 jan pouvwa yo. Etid sa a te vin konfime ki sa lòt etid lòt moun yo te fèt anvan yo te jwenn sou jan pouvwa yo ak ranfòsman pouvwa a. Pou ègzanp, yon “pouvwa de” ki fèb (lè ou sou kont on moun, lè ou pa konn li ak ekri, lè ou pa ka jwenn djòb, elatriye) ka bloke pwosesis ranfòsman pouvwa, menm jan ak yon “pouvwa avèk” ki fò (tèt ansanm, youn ede lòt, pataj, aksyon kolèktif, elatriye) ka ede pwosesis sa a menm si lòt jan pouvwa yo fèb. Ak rezilta etid sa a te genyen, li pote kèk presizyon ak pi fò konplèksite nan modèl ranfòsman pouvwa a epi tou li mete nan limyè lòt aspè pouvwa yo lòt pwojè rechèch sou ranfòsman pouvwa fanm yo ta ka etidye nan jou kap vini yo.
Paquet, Marie-Ève. "Vivre ensemble au quotidien : expérience urbaine des autochtones et des non-autochtones à l’ère du vivir bien à El Alto et La Paz en Bolivie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40079.
Full textEn Bolivie, l’élection du président autochtone Evo Morales en 2005 et la réforme constitutionnelle de 2009, intégrant le concept ancestral du vivir bien ont fait couler beaucoup d’encre ces dernières années. Alors que la plupart des ouvrages se penchent principalement sur l’apport théorique du vivir bien, ce mémoire cherche à enrichir la compréhension de ce concept dans sa dimension pratique et locale. Ce mémoire porte plus particulièrement sur l’expérience urbaine des autochtones, principalement des Aymaras, et des non-autochtones dans leur quête du bien-vivre à La Paz et à El Alto, en Bolivie. L’analyse se penche principalement sur la négociation des identités en mettant en lumière les différentes dimensions, tant politiques, économiques, sociales, culturelles qu’artistiques, du quotidien des autochtones, mais aussi des non-autochtones. En particulier, ce mémoire explore les stratégies d’affirmation mises en avant pour se sentir bien, notamment la création de réseaux, le maintien de pratiques rituelles et la participation à diverses manifestations culturelles et artistiques dont l’entrada folclórica universitaria, un festival folklorique auxquels prennent part les étudiants. -- Mots-clés : vivir bien, identité, authenticité, anthropologie urbaine, fête, danse, culture, LaPaz, El Alto, Bolivie.
In Bolivia, the election of indigenous president Evo Morales in 2005 and the constitutional reform of 2009, incorporating the ancestral concept of living well have been the subject of much attention in recent years. While most books primarily focus on the theoretical contribution of the living well concept, this thesis seeks to enrich the understanding of its practical and local dimensions. This thesis examines the urban experience of Indigenous people, mainly Aymaras, and non-Indigenous people in their pursuit of living well in La Paz and El Alto, in Bolivia. The analysis focuses on the negotiation of identities by highlighting the different dimensions, both political, economic, social, cultural and artistic, of the everyday lives of Indigenous people, but also of non-Indigenous people. This thesis more specifically explores the affirmation strategies put forward to feel good, including the creation of networks, the preservation of ritual practices and the participation in various cultural and artistic activities including the entrada folclórica universitaria, a university festival in which students partake. -- Keywords: Aymaras, living well, identity, authenticity, urban anthropology, fiesta, dance,culture, La Paz, El Alto, Bolivia.
En Bolivia, la elección del presidente indígena Evo Morales en 2005 y la reformaconstitucional de 2009, que incorpora el concepto ancestral del vivir bien, han sido objeto de mucha atención en los últimos años. Si bien la mayoría de los libros se enfocan en la contribución teórica del vivir bien, esta tesis busca enriquecer la comprensión de este concepto en su dimensión práctica y local. Esta tesis se centra en la experiencia urbana de los indígenas, principalmente los Aymaras y de los no indígenas en su búsqueda del vivir bien en La Paz y El Alto, en Bolivia. El análisis se enfoca en la negociación de identidades, destacando las diferentes dimensiones, tanto políticas, económicas, sociales, culturales y artísticas, de la vida cotidiana de los indígenas, como también de los no indígenas. En particular, esta tesis explora las estrategias de afirmación presentadas para sentirse bien, incluyendo la creación de redes, el mantenimiento de prácticas rituales y la participación en diversos eventos culturales y artísticos, como la entrada folclórica universitaria, un festival universitario al que participan varios estudiantes. -- Palabras claves: Aymaras, vivir bien, identidad, autenticidad, antropología urbana, fiesta, baile, cultura, La Paz, El Alto, Bolivia.
Vachon, Jean-Daniel. "Preparing for the unknown : the livelihood strategies of the displaced Karen from Burma in times of decreasing humanitairian aid in Thailand." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37254.
Full textPrenant comme ancrage le contexte actuel de diminution de l'aide humanitaire amenée aux réfugiés installés du côté thaï de la frontière thaïe-birmane, cette recherche vise à documenter la (ré)organisation des stratégies de subsistance des réfugiés karen vivant dans cette région en réaction à la diminution de l'aide humanitaire qu'ils reçoivent. Le cadre théorique sousjacent cette recherche est l'approche des livelihood adaptée au contexte spécifique des réfugiés, auquel est ajouté l'espoir comme élément analytique permettant de considérer dans l'analyse l'imagination, les projets et les visions du futur des réfugiés. Les résultats montrent que les stratégies de subsistance des réfugiés karen sont profondément diversifiées et profondément influencées par l'état spécifique de vulnérabilité dans lequel ils se retrouvent lorsque cherchant refuge en Thaïlande. Les réfugiés, autant dans et hors des camps de réfugiés officiels, misent fortement sur la mobilité, l'éducation et les opportunités de travail pour acquérir ou améliorer leurs compétences et savoirs professionnels, leur permettant d'espérer un meilleur futur. Au final, cette recherche met en évidence l'agencéité, la résilience, et la soif d'autosuffisance des réfugiés, plaidant pour qu'ils soient considérés comme des acteurs actifs et des décideurs lorsqu'il est question de problématiques les concernant.
Taking as anchor the current context of decreasing humanitarian aid brought to refugees settled on the Thai side of the Thai-Burma border, this research aims to document the (re)organization of the livelihood strategies of the Karen refugees living in this region in reaction to the decreasing humanitarian aid they receive. The theoretical framework underlying this research is the livelihood approach adapted to the specific context of refugees, to which is added hope as an analytical element, allowing for the consideration of refugees' imagination, projects and visions of the future into the analysis. Results show that Karen refugees' livelihoods are deeply diversified and deeply influenced by the specific state of vulnerability they find themselves in when seeking refuge in Thailand. Refugees, both inside and outside of the official refugee camps, heavily bet on mobility, education and work opportunities to acquire or improve their professional skills and knowledge, allowing them to hope of a better future. In the end, this research highlights Karen refugees' agency, resilience and thirst for self-sufficiency, and advocates for them to be considered as active actors and decision makers when it comes to issues affecting them.
Lemale, Ettonia Céline. "Vers une compréhension du phénomène « prostitutionnel » féminin, en tant que « Pratiques Sexuelles Récompensées » au Maroc, à travers une clinique du sujet et du lien social : « De celles qui sortent à Marrakech... »." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00562363.
Full textMallet, Myriam. "Au-delà de l'injonction religieuse : les pratiques pieuses des Égyptiennes musulmanes en Italie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25172.
Full textTrudeau-Malo, Jennifer. "Analyse exploratoire de quatre Centres de la petite enfance au Nunavik." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27177.
Full textThis exploratory research, conducted in 2011, describes the implementation of several childcare centres within a socioeconomic context in four communities in Nunavik. The main objectives of this project are to analyze community conditions such as employement possibilities, health issues, childcare services and education, that engendered a demand for childcare centres, as well as to examine the impact of such services on community life. The development of childcare centres derives from a collaboration between the Kativik Regional Government (KRG) and Northern community members. Hence, we also explore the role KRG played in the developement and maintance of such services in the North. To this day, there exists few scientific studies dealing with childcare centres in Nunavik and so, we worked in collaboration with KRG to conduct this project.
Fressonnet, Françoise. "Femmes et pratiques d'alliance en Asie Centrale : des rapports de parenté aux rapports de pouvoir." Paris, INALCO, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INAL0007.
Full textThis work is about studying the practice of alliances- marital strategies and transactions - in post-soviet Central Asia, in a gender perspective which takes into account Muslim Women's point of view, and their processes of adaptation to the change of context, following th e collapse of the USSR and the formation of independent republics. We will analyze the consequences of the marital practices on relationships between men and women in the couple and the widened family, in terms of power and links, from a comparative viewpoint. We will assess the choices of the marital practices and their influence on the conjugal and family relationships, regarding still current patriarchal customary principles and standards that associate leadership to the community, to the eider and to the men, even though the law defines a status of equality among citizens. From field research, based on participating observation and conversations in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, we will go through the ethnographie description of the system of economic and social manufacturing of the marriage: practices connected to the domestic and professional productive work, the maintenance of social relationships by organizing receptions, a set which feeds the social and symbolic resources, necessary for creating alliances. We will put a focus on the potential of adaptation and creativity which the persons, wom en in particular, implement to invent alternative models of couple and family, behavior and relations, in a context of political, economic, religious, cultural and social change which sees, at the same time as its introduction in the globalized world, a reorganization of the identities and a retraditionalisation of the society
Andriamitantsoa, Tolojanahary H. "Une métropole régionale dans un pays en voie de développement : Majunga." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20019.
Full textSakhy, Ariane. "Îlots de chaleur et morphologie urbaine de l'agglomération parisienne : conséquences sur la mortalité durant la canicule de 2003." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC042.
Full textThe radiative conditions of strong heat in urban areas contribute to constitute the urban heat island effect. The latter is characterised by high night-time temperatures. Furthermore, these high temperatures have deadly consequences on the health during heat waves. This doctoral research aims at examining in Paris agglomeration the relationships between the extreme heats of 2003, the urban morphology and the mortality. A first aspect of this research deals about the relationship between the temperatures, the urban morphology and urban land use. Indeed, the urban morphology and the presence of green area1 have significant impacts on the variability of temperatures in urban areas. Our results show that surface temperatures are generally high-related to these variables. The second aspect of this research concerns the spatial distribution of mortality and excess mortality during the 2003 heat wave. We demonstrate that the strongest relationships are between mortality, excess mortality and night-time surface temperatures. However, the intensity of these relationships is globally quite average. This is why a comparison with sonne demographic, social and economic indicators is led. Each variable brings a part of answers about the spatial distribution of mortality and excess-mortality, but none provides a decisive explicative part. Taking these results into account, a hierarchical clustering is considered for a better understanding of the complexity of the relation between ail these indicators. We obtain four spatial clusters. These results suggest the role of social disparities on mortality and excess mortality during periods of heat waves
Roussel, Valérie. "La culture matérielle dans l'espace domestique : rupture et continuité identitaire chez des femmes autochtones à Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26618.
Full textIn this master thesis, we are interested in the relationship between domestic material culture and the conception of the identity amongst Aboriginal women recently immigrated to Quebec City, an area of study that is attracting growing interest in a large number of disciplines. So far only a few studies have addressed these issues via observations on women in urban areas. We explore thus the universe of everyday objects of Aboriginal women in this place of solace, meditation and encounter with oneself which is the new city home. For these Aboriginal women in migration from rural to urban settings, domestic objects are important vectors of personal and collective identity. Through interviews, we try to understand the identity status of these objects, their arrangement in space, and the power and scope of their uses by Aboriginal women residing in Quebec City. The indigenous women we interviewed still keep most of their inherited traditional objects that carry with them the traditional Aboriginal values, such as sharing and non-competitiveness. These values are often in conflict with those of the dominant society, such as consumerism and individualism, which can gradually slowdown and disregard the recognition of Aboriginal heritage and self-identification process of these women. However, some women continue to use their traditional objects and to participate in traditional activities that represent a link with their aboriginal communities and values.
Péloquin, Mylène. "Le rôle de l'hétérosexisme sur la construction identitaire de la maternité chez les mères sociales lesbiennes ayant réalisé un projet de vie familial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67772.
Full textMosquera, Rosero-Labbé Claudia. "Construcción de saberes de acción interventivos con población negra desplazada en colombia 2005-2008." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28199.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation is an exercise of situated-anchored theorization on social practices, psychological reflexivities and social workers who conduct psychological intervention processes in four Colombian cities for black people who have been displaced from their territories due to the internal armed conflict. Through a grounded theory approach and some concepts from Anthony Giddens' theory of structuration, the concept of citizenship in suspense is proposed in order to demonstrate the discursive ideal pursued by social intervention with men and women who have been subject to socio-political violence. The results of this doctoral dissertation show that social action professionals use a set of resources to feed different reflexivities in psychosocial attention processes. Along with these polyphonic resources, there emerge different forms of action knowledge, theorizations and professional skills among fear, indignation and powerlessness towards the drama and ontological pain carried by the victims of a socio-political conflict that has become worse by the action of its three main protagonists: the National Army of Colombia, the leftist guerrillas and the paramilitary squads. Field work and data analysis confirm that social interveners' discursive consciousness is represented by different tendencies that show the place that they assign to scientific knowledge, the human rights movement and the economic insertion into the construction of different forms of intercultural knowledge. On the other hand, different practices take place in the intervention field, which have been named for the nominalization of routine and invisible matters. Reflexivity processes bear a strong relationship with the macro-social, micro-social and emotive context in which attention to displaced black people takes place. In this document, we analyze displaced black people’s perceptions on psychosocial attention programs; we analyze the very core of these users’ criticism of both social interveners and the programs offered. Criticism insists on cultural incomprehension, on the fact that ethno-racial belonging is not taken into consideration, on the way the impact of racialization suffered by black people is minimized, which results in indifference towards daily racism and racial discrimination.
Esta tesis doctoral es un ejercicio de teorización anclada y situada en prácticas sociales y reflexividades de psicólogas y trabajadoras sociales que realizan procesos de intervención psicosocial en cuatro ciudades colombianas con personas negras que fueron desplazadas de manera forzada de sus territorios a causa de los efectos directos e indirectos del conflicto armado interno. Por intermedio de una aproximación cercana a la teoría fundamentada y tomando algunos conceptos de la teoría de la estructuración de Anthony Giddens, se propone el concepto de ciudadanía en suspenso para dar cuenta del ideal discursivo que persigue la intervención social con mujeres y hombres negros que han sido sujetos de violencia sociopolítica. Los resultados de esta tesis doctoral muestran que las profesionales de la acción social hacen uso de distintos recursos polifónicos para alimentar diversas reflexividades en los procesos de atención psicosocial, con estas y otros recursos producen saberes de acción, teorizaciones sobre su quehacer y destrezas profesionales. El trabajo de campo realizado y el posterior análisis de la información obtenida permiten afirmar que la conciencia discursiva de las intervinientes sociales está representada en varias tendencias que configuran el lugar que ellas —las intervinientes— le otorgan al conocimiento científico, al movimiento de los derechos humanos y a la inserción económica en la construcción de saberes de acción interculturales. De manera simultánea, una serie de prácticas sociales, que se han nombrado con el fin de nominalizar lo rutinario e invisible, tienen lugar en el espacio interventivo. Los procesos de reflexividad guardan estrecha relación con el contexto macrosocial, microsocial y emotivo que rodea la atención a personas negras desplazadas. En este documento analizamos, a manera de entrecruzamiento de miradas, las percepciones que las personas negras desplazadas tienen de los programas de atención psicosocial que reciben y el núcleo duro de las críticas que esta población formula tanto a las intervinientes sociales como al tipo de programas ofrecidos. Las críticas insisten en las incomprensiones culturales, en la forma como no se tiene en cuenta la pertenencia étnica-racial y la manera como se minimiza el peso de la racialización que sufren las personas negras, que trae como consecuencia indiferencia ante el racismo cotidiano y la discriminación racial.
Marin, Annabelle. "La part des femmes : une lecture de la haute noblesse castillane au XVe siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL192.
Full textThis dissertation is a study of the questions of power and feminine authority before queen Isabel, in a social group that so far has not been the object of any in-depth study: the female high nobility, and more precisely, that of the wives of high dignitaries of the court of the Trastamare kings in the 15th century. The hypothesis is that a series of common practices and behaviors existed within it, and this study analyzes “the women’s share” in the mechanisms of union and familial transmission. Beyond the functions that are traditionally assigned to her, such as mediation or cultural and religious patronage, the noble woman manages and passes down her land, a full-fledged actor of the political, social and economic changes of her time. The study of this group of noble wives forms an expedient observatory from which to reevaluate the role of the noble woman, both at the level of the familial sphere, by offering elements to enrich the study of the noble Castilian family, but also, at the level of Castile itself, through the examination of their interaction with the actors of the time. Finally, the analysis delivers another portrait of the noble woman in late medieval Castile
Fortin, Stéphanie. "Le risque socioéconomique et psychosocial chez les mères inuites durant l'année postnatale et ses effets sur le développement du nourrisson à 12 mois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27953.
Full textLarsa, Najat. "Etude monographique sur l'évolution de la communauté juive de Fès sous le protectorat français 1912-1956 : étude de la vie sociale, politique, économique et intellectuelle." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082088.
Full textDe, La Sablonnière-Plourde Noémie. "Étude évaluative concernant les problèmes, besoins et enjeux psychosociaux vécus par les personnes trans au Québec : point de vue des intervenants psychosociaux spécialisés auprès de cette clientèle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68627.
Full textIn the province of Quebec, in the last decade, numerous changes have taken place at the political, legal and social levels to promote the integration of trans people. In this context, it seemed relevant to examine, using a systemic and intersectional framework, the perception of 13 psychosocial professionals specialized regarding gender diversity regarding : 1. What are the main problems, needs and issues experienced by trans people ; 2. Which possible solutions of a systemic nature can be identified to respond to these problems, needs and issues ; 3. Which individual psychosocial intervention strategies are the most appropriate for trans people of all ages in order to promote their well-being. One of the main findings of this research is that, although the psychosocial professionals recognize that Quebec offers a relatively advantageous legal position for trans communities, the systemic cisgender context still forces trans people to a daily life hampered by guilt and verbal aggression, physical, paternalistic, condescending and contemptuous attitudes in their various living environments, including during contacts with health and psychosocial professionals. In doing so, we see the need for trans people and their experiences to be more recognized, de-pathologized, protected, esteemed and embraced by society. To achieve this, it will therefore be necessary to make society more aware of this reality, to normalize it through diversified models in all systems and media, regardless of the origin, nationality, age and socio-economic status of the trans people. What is more, this will undoubtedly mean reducing the costs, delays and obligations (e.g. multiple medical and psychosocial assessments) required of people who wish to transition legally and physically.
Aubuchon, Marie-Pier. "Perspectives d'avenir chez les jeunes atikamekws d'Opitciwan." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27175.
Full textThis sociology research project aims to shed light on the aspirations of the Atikamekw youth of Opitciwan; one of the three poverty struck Atikamekw communities in the Northern Saint-Maurice region of Québec, Canada. Its further aim is to discover the attitude of Atikamekw youth towards school education and employment. First, a brief portrait will be painted of the socio-economical, historical and political situation of the community. Then, the National Household Survey of 2011 statistics will be examined to define the socio-economical conditions of the community by paying a particular attention to the relationship between schooling, employment and income. This quantitative analysis will allow us to discover the dynamic of these three variables within the community of Opitciwan. Secondly, semi-structured interviews will be carried out with Opitciwan’s youth to identify their aspirations and motives. Our interview strategy will examine the reasoning of the participants’ aspirations such as the impressions they have of their possible future and how they conceive the achievement of their ambitions. Four socio-types will be created from this qualitative analysis to categorise the results and help facilitate their interpretation. The resulting socio-types are: the ambitious, the conscious-realistic, the insecure and the passive type. Finally, the quantitative and qualitative analysis will be compared. This will allow us to identify and expose the similarities and differences between the realities of the community and the values of its youth. This study will, most importantly, generate a better understanding of the attitude of Atikamekw youth towards education and employment. It will also allow us to discover the dynamic between education, employment and income in the community and aid in identifying Opitciwans’ socio-economic needs.
Giguère, Émilie. "Les expériences de travail des femmes cadres : s'intégrer, tenir et trouver sa place dans l’encadrement." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66864.
Full textThe recent transformations in the organization of work have upset the integration and job-retention processes of employees, especially women, who are increasingly confronted by forms of precarious, temporary and atypical work. And how does this translate to female executives, one of the highest socio-professional categories in the labour market? The aim of this thesis is to understand the subjective experiences of female executives regarding their integration, mobility and job retention processes. This research is based on a conceptual framework which integrates three theoretical perspectives to consider the female executives’ experiences. The methodology is based on a narrative research. As such, 51 individual interviews were conducted with female executives using a back-andforth process between the collection, processing and analysis of the material. The interviews were analyzed using a phenomenological examination of materials and conceptual categories to foster a deep understanding of their experiences. These analysis strategies helped to build a theorization process centred around the specific purpose and objectives of the research. Following the completion, processing and analysis of the individual interviews, three group interviews were conducted with the volunteer participants from the one-on-one interviews. These group interviews helped to further refine the theorization process. The results reveal the desire of several female executives to hold both their professional projects (supervision and management) with other life projects, such as family, personal and school projects. Throughout their professional life, female executives navigate through different areas of tension and conflict. They also experience significant tension between their professional, marital and family life. The processing and analysis of the material shows that many female executives seek to find their place in the labour market, a place where they can make a difference with their leadership role by making a human, social and financial contribution to an organization. As such, they seek a place that allows them to integrate several life projects at the same time while reducing the sacrifices necessary to do so, as well as a place where they can grow and be accomplished through their work. However, this place is not readily given them. Rather, for each of the female executives, this place must be created, defined, clarified and negotiated throughout their career path. As a consequence, they develop different work integration strategies as well as various strategies to maintain themselves in the executive sphere. Moreover, the opportunity to find this workplace depends greatly on the organizational and life contexts in which they find themselves and the social relationships they face. This in turn influences the work recognition dynamics and the construction of their identity. The analysis of this thesis highlights the different choices, renunciations and compromises made by v female executives in light of the strategies they mobilize to integrate themselves to their workplace and maintain their executive position. Finally, the female executives’ various pathways to emancipation through the work are identified and discussed.
Habib, Heba Allah. "Assabeyya : idiome de détresse : exploration anthropologique de la détresse psychologique de femmes dans le Caire contemporain." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28378.
Full textThis research has set many objectives, the main one was to explore 'assabeyya in order to discover if it is an idiom of distress expressed and manifested by many Egyptian women. The research investigated then whether ‘assabeyya is the expression of an emotional suffering, expressed through ‘nerves', secondary to exposure to many violent traumatic events (direct or indirect violence as structural and symbolic /cultural violence) as in nervios, nevra, nervos or even nerves. The third objective was to see if there is a biomedicalization of this social suffering represented by ‘assabeyya, and finally the last objective was to discover if ‘assabeyya and borderline personality disorder (BPD) are in fact related resulting both from the traumatic consequences of Egyptian women's exposure to these numerous sources of violence. In-depth interviews based on the explanatory model of the disease were set in order to gather information on the type of suffering and exposure to violence of women in a Cairo suburb, who were psychiatric and non-psychiatric patients. The presence of characteristic symptoms of BPD and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was also investigated. In addition, interviews were conducted with mental health professionals and more broadly with health professionals, as well as with resource persons from the same community. The analysis of the data allowed, first, to confirm the hypotheses put forward, and then to depict a synthetic vision of ‘assabeyya, a vision revolving around the key notion of subjugation. The relationship between subjugation and ‘assabeyya has been analyzed according to the three-dimensional approach of disease, illness and sickness (Kleinman et al., 1980, 2006), along with the coping mechanisms induced by this subjugation and the types of agency it inspires, including victimcy (Honwana 2000). Subjection and ‘assabeyya were then analyzed according to the ethnopsychiatric approach through the concepts of Khaldunian ‘assabeyya (Ibn Khaldun 1986), alienation and anomie (Durkheim 1960); and through the ethnopsychanalytic one (Freud 1914-1916, 1961; Butler 1997). Finally, an existential approach has attempted to explore the relation of ‘assabeyya to subjugation, providing ‘assabeyya with a scope beyond the field of anthropology and psychiatry, to reach those of politics and philosophy.