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Journal articles on the topic 'Especially in the field of trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Qi, Sitong. "A research on EU trade policy system." HOLISTICA – Journal of Business and Public Administration 8, no. 2 (2017): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hjbpa-2017-0016.

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AbstractThe EU is the world’s largest trade group, occupying an important position in the world trade in goods and services, especially in the field of service trade. The EU trade in services exports and imports are higher than the United States and Japan, and the EU is the world’s largest capital output and input group, and the world’s largest foreign aid providers. With the deepening of the European integration process, Europe’s position in the world economy and trade is on the rise. Therefore, the EU’s trade policy has increasingly become the focus of attention. From the vertical point of v

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Kholim, Fellicia Angelica, Angelia Angelia, and Siti Amera Naelayara. "Juridical Review of the Trade in Imported Used Clothing and Its Relationship to Consumer Protection Law (Case Study at Mangga Dua Shopping Center)." AURELIA: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia 2, no. 2 (2023): 1225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.57235/aurelia.v2i2.727.

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Trade in used clothing imports (thrifting) uses a collection of goods that are no longer used, which are then traded and can be reused by other people. Apparently, this activity has a strong appeal for ordinary people who want to open a business. But in fact the sale of imported used clothing is contrary to Law Number 7 of 2014 concerning Trade, Minister of Trade Regulation (Permendag) Number 40 of 2022 concerning Amendments to Minister of Trade Regulation Number 18 of 2021 concerning Export Prohibited Goods and Import Prohibited Goods, and the Law Invite No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Prot

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Yan, Jiajia, and Jinlong Cai. "Research on the Impact of Sino-US Trade Structure on the Real Effective Exchange Rate of RMB." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (November 18, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7237378.

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Since the beginning of 2018, Sino-US trade frictions have been escalating to the fields of science and technology, finance, and geography. Especially in the financial field, the United States has forcibly identified China as a “currency manipulator.” In order to analyze the impact of Sino-US trade on the RMB exchange rate, based on the Sino-US import and export trade data under the quarterly HS classification from 2003 to 2019 and the RMB real effective exchange rate, this article carries out the traditional time series test, seasonal unit root test, and cointegration test and further construc

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Satinder, Bhatia. "Growth of Non-bank Trade Finance." Advances in Research 10, no. 2 (2017): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.9734/AIR/2017/34104.

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The rise of non-bank trade finance has been especially noticeable in the last decade. Many commodity and e-commerce companies are rapidly entering this arena as sovereign guarantees and collaterals take a backseat making it harder for banks to apply traditional models while lending to businesses. Non-banks which are more nimble occupy space vacated by banks. Increasingly, though, banks have begun to collaborate with non-banks, particularly fintech companies for rapid processing of transactions. Besides, trade finance field is itself developing its own specialised areas such as commodity financ

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Haosong, Sun, Yang Jayi, and Xu Xinpeng. "Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in International Trade Risk Management." Journal of Asian Research 4, no. 3 (2020): p36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jar.v4n3p36.

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In International Trade, due to the Heterogeneity of language, culture, legal system, etc., the trade payment and settlement process is complicated, and there are many risks. With the wide application of Internet technology in the field of international trade, especially the emergence of blockchain technology, it provides a new way to solve the above-mentioned complicated risk management. Based on the concept and characteristics of blockchain technology, this paper probes into its value and application mode in risk management and control in international trade, in order to promote international

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Brawley, Mark R. "“And we would have the field”: U.S. Steel and American trade policy, 1908–1912." Business and Politics 19, no. 3 (2017): 424–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bap.2017.9.

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AbstractRecent surveys revealed few producers in an export sector participate in trade. Economists explained this result by relaxing their assumption about firms’ operations, to produce a novel observation: Trade liberalization disproportionately benefits the most efficient producers in the sector, while potentially harming the least efficient. Political scientists have begun exploring the consequences of this variation, especially in lobbying. This article explores whether the impact of this finer-grained description of interests can be observed in the later stages of our demand-driven models

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Swastika, Dewa Gede Widya, Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi Dewi, and Luh Putu Suryani. "Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen atas Penjualan Produk Obrak Online." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 2, no. 2 (2021): 388–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.2.2.3343.388-393.

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Indonesia is a developing country which one of the aspects that greatly influence its development is in the field of economy, in this case covering the field of trade. The existence of free trade is not little among businesses conducting unhealthy competition, especially for traded products. This research discusses two problem namely first, how the legal protection for consumers against the sale of online sale products without clear information and secondly, how are business actors responsible for consumers who experience losses due to online sale product purchases. Normative research is a typ

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Panthamit, Nisit, Somsak Wongpanyaptaworn, Pimonpun Boonyasana, and Paisan Panthamitr. "Role of Hundi in Border Trade Payment of Northern Thailand- Myanmar Before and After 2021 Military Coup." Rajabhat Chiang Mai Research Journal 24, no. 3 (2023): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.57260/rcmrj.2023.265145.

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Myanmar considers border trade more important than international trade. Due to the economic sanctions imposed by the West since the military government took power in 1996 up until the latest one in 2021, Thailand -Myanmar border trade has been characterized by more informal trade than previously. Border trade has developed despite being subjected to long-standing international trade barriers. This study aims to convey an understanding of how the informal border payment, “Hundi”, works as the border-trade -payment between Myanmar and Northern Thailand. Even though hundi is an informal transfer

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Arifia, Sariat, Randy Van Zichem, Arsyad Arsyad, Wahyu Bagja Sulfemi, and Daniel Zuchron. "16th Century Sundanese Royal Trade." International Journal of Social Service and Research 3, no. 9 (2023): 2173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/ijssr.v3i9.522.

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This article aims to clarify the existence of the Sundanese scientifically in an authoritative form, namely a kingdom that has a clear scope of territory, power and authority so that the Sundanese have the ability to carry out trade, especially in the 16th century and apart from colonial historiographical architecture, that the Sundanese only did cultural activities, mystical, marginalized, have no trade records. The research method used is the historical method which includes five stages of work, namely heuristics, field visits, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Grounded Theory i

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Suleimanov, Nizami. "Safavid-Russian relations in the first half of the 17th century." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 12-3 (2020): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202012statyi51.

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The article discusses the diplomatic and economic nature of relations between the Safavid and Russian states in the first half of the 17th century, especially during the reign of Shah Abbas I (1587-1629). The continuation of neighborhood relations by his heirs was analyzed. Also, the geopolitical interests of both countries in the field of treasury trade and the preservation of the traditional Volga-Caspian transit trade route were studied.

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Liu, Jiaqi. "Measurement and Influencing Factors of Export Resilience: From Material Mechanics to International Trade." Journal of Innovation and Development 6, no. 2 (2024): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/dv8p7542.

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The concept of resilience comes from the field of physics and refers to the ability of an object to resist damage under external forces. Nowadays, resilience is widely applied in engineering, ecology, psychology, and economics, especially in the field of international trade. Export resilience has become a hot research topic. However, how to measure export resilience and find the influencing factors of export resilience has become an urgent problem for relevant scholars to solve. This article first combines the theoretical knowledge of materials mechanics and economics in the field of internati

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Dowlah, Caf. "Cross-border labor mobility." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 13, no. 1 (2014): 2–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-12-2012-0020.

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Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to examine convergence of economic interests – both empirically and theoretically – among labor-abundant (labor-sending) and labor scarce (labor receiving) countries, in the context of Mode 4 of the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) of the WTO. The paper also explores regional trade associations as an interim alternative forum for promoting temporary cross-border labor mobility in the backdrop of failure of multilateral trade negotiations under the Doha Round. Design/methodology/approach – The research methodology of the paper involves literatu

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Ojenya Salawu, Yekini, and Seyed Mohammadreza Ghadiri. "Logistics Costs for Seaborne Trade in Nigeria: An Empirical Study." African Journal of Business and Economic Research 17, no. 4 (2022): 73–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/1750-4562/2022/v17n4a4.

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Seaports are fundamentally connectivity points in the global economic system, especially container ports, which are supportive and well-connected to major global trade routes. Regular and dependable services from shipping are critical to lowering the costs of trade, particularly transportation expenses, integrating supply chains, and enabling global trade. For Nigeria, trade costs seem to be an impediment to international trade development, and improving trade logistics performance is crucial to enhancing nations' trade acceptability. Field surveys were conducted in some selected seaports and

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Ekram Yawar, Mohammad, and Anwarulhaq Amani. "Features of international trade contract." Acta Globalis Humanitatis et Linguarum 2, no. 1 (2025): 276–96. https://doi.org/10.69760/aghel.02500137.

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The electronic environment of the Internet is considered one of the most modern means of concluding contracts and fulfilling the obligations arising from them, especially in the field of commercial transactions. The nature of electronic contracts in relation to their validity, form, and conformity with the general rules and regulations of civil law regarding contracts is one of the new debates, the understanding and examination of which relations and legal effects arise from it, depend on the formal structure of the electronic environment and the concepts of communication technology recognized

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Matić, Zoran, and Mladen Ćeranić. "Illegal trade in criminal law." Pravo - teorija i praksa 40, no. 3 (2023): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ptp2303081m.

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Trade, as a form of commodity-money relations, has a long history. It begins with the first forms of exchange of goods for money and other valuables. Given that the purpose of trade is the acquisition of profit based on the sale and purchase of goods and services, this activity undoubtedly enabled the commercial class of society to accumulate significant wealth. This is why merchants are considered to be among the wealthiest people in the society, from the beginning of the first states, up to the present day. However, trading often represents an 'ideal' way of acquiring illegal gains, which ca

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Siti Muflihah, Wildia Nusayfi, Junaidi, and Mashudi. "The Impact of the United States-China Trade War on Indonesia's Sharia Economic Politics." INTERDISIPLIN: Journal of Qualitative and Quantitative Research 2, no. 2 (2025): 125–32. https://doi.org/10.61166/interdisiplin.v2i2.77.

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Indonesia's economy is highly dependent on cooperation with other countries, especially in the field of imports and exports, and has a certain influence on its economic growth. The aim of this qualitative research is to explain how the US-China trade war has an impact on Indonesia's political economy. Qualitative research collects descriptive data from people's written and spoken behavior and words. This research collects data by reading documents or literature about trade wars and information from the internet. The US-China trade war is actually a big market opportunity to bridge the market g

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Guerrero-Castiblanco, N. M., E. Maldonado-Simán, and P. A. Martínez-Hernández. "HACCP operation in two Latin American meat packers: Case study." Theory and practice of meat processing 9, no. 3 (2024): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2024-9-3-200-211.

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The hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) system is a protocol aimed to guarantee food safety, especially in companies dedicated to meat processing. Companies in food international trade are subjected to intense inspection and verification processes, and international standard certifications have become a key factor in global trade. The purpose of this study was a comparative analysis of HACCP certification in the Mexican and Chilean meat packers that send meat to international markets by a field inspection of each to identify opportunities for improvement. International trade sta

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18

Яструбський, М. Я., and Ван Чжунцзюнь. "CHARACTERISTICS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF CHINA-UKRAINE ECONOMIC AND TRADE COOPERATION UNDER THE “BELT AND ROAD” INITIATIVE." Київський економічний науковий журнал, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2786-765x/2023-1-12.

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With the continuous promotion of the “Belt and Road” initiative, China's economic and trade cooperation with countries along the route has achieved rich results. China and Ukraine are two important economies in the world. As one of the important countries along the “Belt and Road”, Ukraine actively responded to China's proposed “Belt and Road” initiative in December 2013 and became the first European country to announce its support for the initiative. Ukraine is located in eastern Europe, connecting Europe and Asia, and is an important country for the “Belt and Road” to reach Europe. Ukraine h

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Miao, Xiaomeng. "Development of China’s Digital Trade under the New Pattern of “Double Cycle”." International Journal of Finance and Investment 2, no. 1 (2025): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.54097/a6t7xq86.

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With the rapid development of Internet technology, the penetration and integration between digital technology and international trade continue to deepen, prompting the rapid development of digital trade and increasingly becoming a new driving force for the economic growth of all countries in the world. The vigorous development of digital economy provides conditions for the rise and transformation of digital trade. Especially in the context of policy of the dual cycle between domestic and foreign, Chinese government pays much attention to the development of digital trade, and take measures to t

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20

Lu, Xinzhe. "Global Trade Tensions: Analyzing the WTO Legality of the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act and Strategic Responses." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 39 (November 7, 2024): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/vq9qnq50.

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With the profound changes in the global economic landscape and the increasing proximity of the United States and China in terms of power contrasts, the hegemonic anxiety of the U.S. has been increasing, leading to the adoption of a series of protection measures in the field of trade. Among them, the Inflation Reduction Act, as an important part of the U.S. trade protectionist policy, its implementation has not only aggravated the tension in international trade, but also violated the relevant rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper elaborates the specific content of the Act and

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BARTLETT, WILL. "THE EU APPROACH TO REGIONAL COOPERATION: POLICY SUCCESS OR POLICY FAILURE?" Southeastern Europe 32, no. 1 (2007): xi—21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633307x00020.

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Abstract Summary: This article analyzes the successes and failures of regional cooperation in the Western Balkans through the prism of two policy areas: trade policy and employment policy. It investigates the role of the Stability Pact as a policy broker in mediating the policy conflicts between various national and transnational advocacy coalitions in these two areas. It concludes that regional cooperation in the field of trade policy has been less contested than in the field of employment policy. However, there have been failures in each policy area. Regional cooperation in trade policy whil

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J, Irwan Supriadin. "DINASTI FATIMIYAH : ANALISIS KEMAJUAN DAN RUNTUHNYA PERADABAN ISLAM DI MESIR." FiTUA: Jurnal Studi Islam 2, no. 1 (2021): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47625/fitua.v2i1.321.

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This article intends to present an analysis of the progress and decline of the Fatimid dynasty, and their impact on Islamic civilization in Egypt. This caliphate was born between two political powers, the Abbasids in Baghdad, and the Umayyad II in Cordova. Over a period of 262 years, the Fatimids have made rapid progress, especially during the time of Al-Muiz, Al-Aziz and Al-hakim. These advances cover various fields, namely: 1) Progress in trade relations with the non-Islamic world, including India and the Christian Mediterranean countries. 2) Advances in art, can be seen in a number of palac

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Zhao, Yuqing. "Challenges In International Trading Practices of Select Business in Hubei China: Basis for Enhancing Internationally Based Trading Strategies." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 19, no. 1 (2025): 36–45. https://doi.org/10.54097/pnfrvc63.

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The cultural and trade exchanges between China and Southeast Asian countries have been very close and frequent since ancient times. As early as the early 1980s, China reached a consensus on economic and trade cooperation with Southeast Asian countries, so the economic, trade, and cultural development of both sides have achieved rapid growth. After the formal establishment of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA), the two sides formally established the "strategic cooperative partnership" and opened the cooperation and development between China and Southeast Asian countries. The two sides have

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Chernenko, O. A., and T. V. Рoharchenkо. "Modernisation of legislation in the field of economic and commercial activity in the context of European integration." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law 1, no. 80 (2024): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2023.80.1.40.

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The article deals with the issues of peculiarities of modernisation of legislation in the field of trade and economic activity in the context of European integration.It is noted that economic and trade activity is the industry which is subject to active modernisation, taking into account the requirements of the Association Agreement. The author concludes that the obligations to adapt Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation in trade have changed due to the fact that a number of EU acts have been amended or repealed, and therefore it is now important to implement the novelties of EU legislation

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Mesjasz-Lech, Agata, and Pál Michelberger. "Sustainable Waste Logistics and the Development of Trade in Recyclable Raw Materials in Poland and Hungary." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (2019): 4159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154159.

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This article aims to propose a methodological framework to determine the degree of the dynamic impact of the effect of activities in the field of sustainable waste logistics on the development of trade in recyclable raw materials in the chosen countries of the European Union, especially in Poland and Hungary. In order to determine the dynamic interdependence between the indicated phenomena, econometric tools associated with the vector autoregression model were used, namely: Granger causality tests, impulse response function and variance decomposition of forecast errors. The tools used will not

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Tirtawinata, Christofora Megawati. "Karakter yang Diperlukan Dunia Kerja dalam Menghadapi Pasar Bebas Asean 2015." Humaniora 5, no. 1 (2014): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v5i1.3061.

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ASEAN Free Trade will be started in 2015 and at that time global competition, especially between the countries of ASEAN would be more competititive. In ASEAN free trade area, every country in ASEAN could not simply disallow the incoming of foreign workers. Companies will be filled by workers from various countries, especially workers from ASEAN countries. Not only the government should prepare everything to face the ASEAN Free Trade, but also the working-age individuals need to prepare themselves to get involve in this competition. Preparation should be done by an individual in addition to bei

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Shnyrkov, O. "ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE WITH THE EU IN TECHNICAL STANDARDS REGULATION AREA." ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, no. 131 (2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apmv.2017.131.0.111-120.

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The structural reforms in Ukraine are taking place under extraordinary and unprecedented for international economy circumstances. The annexation of Crimea, the war in Donbas region, the loss of important economical potential, human causalities, lack of territorial integrity guaranties from other countries formed a new system of challenges not only for our country but for the whole world in total. Under the external aggression and trade war with Russia the Association Agreement with the European Union should become the main and effective Ukraine’s economical structural changes mechanism. The ec

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Borowski, Jakub, Jakub Olipra, and Paweł Błaszyński. "The Impact of Hard Brexit on Polish Exports." International Journal of Management and Economics 54, no. 2 (2018): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijme-2018-0010.

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Abstract The decision of the United Kingdom (UK) to leave the European Union (EU) is unprecedented, especially considering the recent trend in the global economy toward economic integration. There is a multitude of research concerning the implications of economic integration; however, research in the field of disintegration is scarce. Brexit serves as an interesting case study to investigate the effects of economic disintegration. The implications for trade are especially fascinating as trade liberalization is one of the most important benefits of economic integration. Existing studies focus m

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Mahamat, M. M. "International economic relations between the Russian Federation and African countries." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 11 (January 1, 2025): 143–49. https://doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2024-11-143-149.

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The article analyses the international economic relations of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF, Russia) and African countries. The indicators of Russia’s export and import with African countries are considered. The purpose of the research is to study the state and prospects of development of the international economic relations between the RF and African states. The subject of the study are trade, economic, investment, and financial relations between Russia and African countries. The research methodology: statistical data analysis, comparative analysis, systematic approach,

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Chen, Yilin. "Research on the Development Strategy of China's Service Trade under the Background of the COVID-19 Pandemic." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 48, no. 1 (2023): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/48/20230419.

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Service Trade is one of the key topics of current research. With the impact and changes brought about by the out break of COVID-19 pandemic on Chinas service trade, China is facing a series of challenges such as changing consumer demands, insufficient openness, cross-border cooperation, and sustainable development. Based on literature review and analysis, this paper sorts out the traditional field of Chinas service trade from its initial stage. It explores the transition from a marginal role to a prominent position in the period from 1978 to 2001. It further invetigates the increasing internat

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Firmando, Harisan Boni. "Pemanfaatan Modal Sosial Dalam Pengembangan Sektor Perdagangan Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (Studi di Tapanuli Utara)." AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 6, no. 1 (2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/ajei.v6i1.8780.

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<p>Writing a journal entitled "Utilization of Social Capital in the Development of the Trade Sector in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Study in North Tapanuli)" begins with a new economic paradigm that sees multidimensional development reflected in various social perspectives. The trade sector is a solution for the implementation of development, especially from the joints of the national economy. The presence of micro, small and medium enterprises in the trade sector can maintain economic stability, especially in strengthening the structure of the national economy. The method used i

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Priyanka, Kalamkar* Kirteebala Pawar Rupali Yevale Harshala Baddi. "PHARMACOVIGILANCE: AN EMERGING FIELD." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 04, no. 08 (2017): 2635–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.883125.

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Pharmacovigilance is instrumental in helping to ensure patient safety for both newly released drugs and those that are well established in the market. It is an important and integral part of clinical research. Pharmacovigilance is “defined as the pharmacological science relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects, particularly long term and short term adverse effects of medicines. Despite its 40 years history, Pharmacovigilance remains a dynamic clinical and scientific discipline. It continues to play a crucial role in meeting the challenges posed by

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Caporal Del Barrio, Samantha, Art Morris, and Gert F. Pedersen. "Antenna Miniaturization with MEMS Tunable Capacitors: Techniques and Trade-Offs." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/709580.

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In today’s mobile device market, there is a strong need for efficient antenna miniaturization. Tunable antennas are a very promising way to reduce antenna volume while enlarging its operating bandwidth. MEMS tunable capacitors are state-of-the-art in terms of insertion loss. Their characteristics are used in this investigation. This paper uses field simulations to highlight the trade-offs between the design of the tuner and the design of the antenna, especially the impact of the location of the tuner and the degree of miniaturization. Codesigning the tuner and the antenna is essential to optim

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Burnete, Sorin, and Abiola E. Ogunmokun. "European Union: Spearhead of the Environment Protection Movement." Human and Social Studies 6, no. 3 (2017): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hssr-2017-0023.

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Abstract Industrialization laid the foundation for contemporary civilization but also begot environmental problems, which have been building up and remained unsolved to this day. There is widespread belief that, if industrial manufacturing lies at the root of environment degradation through endless spewing of residual waste, trade among nations is to blame for scattering residual waste the world over. Yet paradoxically, it is the very international trade that might be the ground for major remedies thereto. The 20th century witnessed the shift from free trade to fair trade; it is about time to

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Popov, A. V. "The main directions of Russian-Indonesian economic cooperation at the present stage." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 248, no. 4 (2024): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2024-248-4-290-299.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the main directions of Russian-Indonesian economic cooperation in the context of Western sanctions against Russia. The author analyzes the current state and prospects of this cooperation in three main areas: tourism, investment and trade. It is noted that Western sanctions have undoubtedly had a detrimental effect on the interaction of the two countries in the trade and investment spheres, although even before their introduction the situation was far from ideal, which especially concerned Russian investment projects in Indonesia, which were practically

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Banshchikova, Anastasia, and Oxana Ivanchenko. "Abolition of the 19th Century Arab Slave Trade in the Current Views of Christian and Muslim Afro-Tanzanians." Anthropos 118, no. 2 (2023): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0257-9774-2023-2-433.

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Memories of the so-called Arab slave trade are quite vivid in Tanzania. Those Tanzanians whose ancestors were enslaved or belonged to communities affected by the slave trade, as well as carriers of the oral history still tell about it. We present the results of recent field studies in Tanzania to reveal these memories of the slave trade and especially of its abolition, their impact on current Afro-Tanzanian approaches to Arabs, and the differences between Christian and Muslim Afro-Tanzanians regarding the trends of their attitudes towards these topics (the Christians often say that the main re

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Darley, Rebecca. "Indian Ocean Trade in the First Millennium c.e.: Taking the Romans out of Indo-Roman?" Journal of Roman Studies 114 (November 2024): 145–69. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0075435824000315.

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ABSTRACTThe study of the Western Indian Ocean in the first millennium is a dynamic and exciting field, in which scholarship, especially from within the Indian Ocean region itself, is expanding rapidly. It is experiencing a period of major, but not necessarily disruptive, change, to its core questions, terminology and periodisation. This article offers an overview of the study of Roman trade with the Western Indian Ocean (sometimes termed ‘Indo-Roman studies’) from the early 2000s to the present. It examines key developments in the field, including the changing scope of analysis in terms of per

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Y. Amtiran, Paulina, Anderias U.T. Anabuni, and Marianus S. Neno. "How Important Is Cross-Country Trade?" 14th GCBSS Proceeding 2022 14, no. 2 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2022.2(45).

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Trade is an activity that is very important for increasing economic development and people's welfare, as well as a source of foreign exchange to finance development. Cross-border trade basically has enormous potential for increasing economic growth, especially in border areas. This study aims to see whether cross-border trade is still important for a country in increasing its income. The research was conducted at the border of the Republic of Indonesia and the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study found that the borde

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Mengyang, Liu, Wang Wenyue, and Hei Bokun. "The Impact of the Second Phase of China-South Korea FTA Negotiation on China's Service Trade -- Simulation Analysis Based on GTAP Model." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 67, no. 1 (2024): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/67/20241302.

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The second phase of China-South Korea FTA negotiation is underway, its main negotiation content is focused on the service trade and investment field, this is the first time for China to carry out the negative list mode of related negotiations, and has made substantial progress at this stage, is expected to sign the agreement in the past two years. However, from the perspective of the second stage negotiations between China and South Korea, there are relatively few studies to analyze the possible impact of the signing on China, especially on various industries of service trade. Therefore, this

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Abdollahi, Mohsen, and Shahriar Kazemi Azar. "Trade in Nanotechnology: Can the WTO Provide an Objective Balance Between the Risks and Benefits?" Global Trade and Customs Journal 14, Issue 11/12 (2019): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2019067.

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A strict definition of nanotechnology characterizes it as the manipulation of atoms and molecules at the scale of approximately one-billionth of a metre (one nanometre) or smaller in size. Scientific activity at such a scale has provided enormous potential, especially in the environmental field. Nonetheless, recent studies show that nanoparticles present unique and significant health risks. These unique risks raise the questions whether the nanoscale products traded daily regulation should be subject to the WTO Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement)

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Han, Long Xi, Jia Jia Zhai, and Lin Zhang. "The Opportunities and Challenges of Chinese Renewable Energy Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trade." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 2094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.2094.

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The opportunities and challenges in the field of Chinese renewable energy were analyzed through the impact of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction trade, especially CDM on Chinese renewable energy, combined with the enhancement of awareness of voluntary emission reduction, relationship between emission reduction trade and renewable energy, changes in the international trade environment and the rise of the domestic trading system. It is suggested that the renewable energy industry integrates with GHG emission reduction trading system in China and explores the huge double benefit of em

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Filin, Nikita A., Vladimir O. Koklikov, and Aleksandr S. Khodunov. "TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN IRAN AND ARMENIA IN THE CONTEXT OF IRAN’S RAPPROCHEMENT WITH THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 3 (2021): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-3-49-62.

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The article analyzes the history of development and current state of relations between Iran and Armenia in the field of economics. It is shown that those relations developed progressively after the declaration of independence by Armenia and up to the present time. Despite the difference in religion, Iran and Armenia actively interact in the political and especially in the economic sphere, where the energy and transport cooperation are developing most dynamically. Over 5 thou- sand companies with Iranian capital are actively working in Armenia. Nevertheless, the potential of bilateral relations

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Fauzin, Fauzin. "Regulation Model of Corn Trade System Based on Farmer Protection." International Journal of Social Science Research and Review 4, no. 4 (2021): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v4i4.126.

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Farmers in the trade chain for agricultural commodities, including corn, are in the weakest position compared to other parties. As a result, the trading system often does not take sides or even tends to harm farmers from year to year. Therefore, state intervention is needed in the context of evaluation which will lead to the reformulation of regulations regarding the maize trade system. Farmers are certainly an important element in realizing food security in this country. Therefore, this research was conducted to produce a regulatory model regarding the corn trade system which has unequivocal

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Jung, Nu Ri, and Wonseok Woo. "The Korean Accountancy Market and Global Competition." International Studies Review 7, no. 2 (2006): 77–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-00702005.

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Among the professions, accountancy services play an especially critical role in the market economy today; thus, there have been many World Trade Organization (WTO) attempts, beyond the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), to liberalize the market for accountancy services. In response to this international demand, the Korean government announced the liberalization of its accounting market from 2007 and its full opening by 2011. This paper begins with an overview of the Korean accountancy market, including a SWOT analysis focused on the post-financial-crisis era. Next, it shows how the

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Mikulić, Davor, and Goran Buturac. "In What Measure Is Public Finance Sustainability Threatened by Illicit Tobacco Trade: The Case of Western Balkan Countries." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (2020): 401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010401.

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The aim of this paper is to gain new knowledge about illicit tobacco trade in Western Balkan countries and its effects on public finance sustainability. It includes an estimation of the volume of illicit tobacco trade, identifying and quantifying the key factors that cause illegal tobacco trade, the effects of illegal tobacco trade on public finance sustainability, and the effects on the intensity of total tobacco trade. An empirical analysis was conducted using the data collected by field research on consumer preferences in tobacco products in Western Balkan countries (Bosnia and Herzegovina,

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Zhang, Ruizhen, and Xiao Min Xiao Min. "Study on the effect of digital trade development on manufacturing carbon emissions." International Journal of Business and Management Invention 14, no. 4 (2025): 29–41. https://doi.org/10.35629/8028-14042941.

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The rapid development of digital trade not only brings unlimited possibilities to business but also has a huge impact on the environment, especially playing an important role under the current dual carbon background. To provide a theoretical basis for giving full play to the carbon reduction of digital trade and promoting the outstanding growth of the manufacturing industry, and enhancing the competitive advantage of manufacturing enterprises, this paper uses the panel data of 30 provincial administrative regions in China from 2012 to 2021 to study the impact effect of the development level of

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Asmayati, Younita, Raden Biroum Bernardianto, and Bulkani. "The Quality of public service in re-verification at the Department of Industry and Trade of Gunung Mas District." Indonesia Journal of Public Administration and Government 1, no. 1 (2024): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.70074/ijpag.v1i1.26.

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Tera and Re-Tera Services are under the responsibility of the Metrological Division, especially the Tera and Re-Tera Service Section at the Gunung Mas Regency Industry and Trade Office. This study aims to find out how the Quality of Public Services is Re-Labeled by the Gunung Mas Regency Industry and Trade Office. Based on the results of observations, interviews and documentation in this study, it shows that the Quality of Public Services in the Re-Tera by the Gunung Mas Regency Industry and Trade Office can be concluded as follows: 1. The Re-Tera service carried out by the Gunung Mas Regency

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Shkvarya, L. V. "Shanghai cooperation organization economic and transport cooperation at the present stage." International Trade and Trade Policy 10, no. 2 (2024): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2410-7395-2024-2-46-59.

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The article analyzes the development of foreign trade in the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) for the period 2000–2022 in the commodity segment. The predominant and dominant role of China both in the international market and in trade with the SCO states is shown. It is concluded that, along with the growth of mutual trade in the SCO space, the imbalance of trade flows in the future may contribute to the development of negative phenomena, especially in the case of a transition in this trade to settlements in national currencies. The article shows that the SCO countries,

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Ahmad, Iqbal Faza, and Syaefuddin Ahrom Al Ayubbi. "Kronik Gerakan Serikat Buruh di Indonesia: Peta dan Sejarah." Journal of Social Movements 1, no. 1 (2024): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.62491/jsm.v1i1.2024.1.

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This research focuses on studying the dynamics of the trade union movement in Indonesia in a historical review and current map of the Trade Union Confederation/Labor Unions registered with the Ministry of Manpower. This study is a qualitative combination of literature and empirical research, combining literature and field data to explore the dynamics of trade unions in Indonesia, especially confederations. Since the 19th century, the birth of the Dutch East Indies Teachers' Workers' Union in 1879 began the emergence of the Workers' Union Movement (SP) or Labor Unions (SB) in Indonesia. These l

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Sarjono, Fauzie, Kartini Aboo Talib@Khalid, and Suet Kay Chan. "THE SMOKOL PHENOMENON IN MALAYSIA-INDONESIA CROSS-BORDER INFORMAL TRADE AT SEBATIK ISLAND." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 27, no. 2 (2022): 48–72. https://doi.org/10.22452/jati.vol27no2.3.

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In the context of border trade on Sebatik Island, the governments of Malaysia and Indonesia have signed a series of agreements involving cross-border activities. The implementation and overlap of cross-border activities trigger various polemics, problems, and connotations, especially from trade concept manipulation, borderline manipulation, resource dependence, ethnic border manifestations and local economic integration. The main purpose of this article is to elevate local discoveries to the global stage, especially in understanding the Smokol phenomenon that occurs in cross-border informal tr

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