Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Esprits'
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Tallarico, Serena. "Quand les esprits troublent les esprits : patients et cliniciens à la rencontre du monde invisible." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCD010.
Full textIn the clinical practice, as well as in the scientific literature, there is a vast repertory of diagnostic errors, especially when migrant patients express symptomatology related to spirits, djinns and ali "the night's beings" and/or they say (or who are said) possessed, inhabited, or visited by the invisible world. The purpose of this study is to analyze, explain and prevent the high incidence of acute psychiatrie disorders, mainly psychotic, among migrants. We collected and analyzed the speeches of patients, clinicians, patients and their families and we reproduced a photogram of psycho-medical follow-up. We hypothesized that the spirits's illness would be for the patient the expression of suffering, as well as the pivot of the healing process that passes through a quest for meaning, a negotiation between the present and the past, the individual and the group, the origin country and the new world, the ordinary and the extraordinary, and between all the beings, and the persans who are part of. We have corne to the conclusion that spirits often have a "restorative" function in the psyche of the patients analyzed. The appearance, or possession by the invisible, can also be a source of desire satisfaction and narcissistic healing in the patient's experience, although it is a terrifying experience. This work highlights the need to build the framework and the therapeutic relationship, from the way the patient tells his story
Tremblay, Thierry. "Pierre Kosslowski : un parti pris des esprits : Sources et modes opératoires." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070051.
Full textThe purpose of this study is: 1. To underline the sources of the work of Pierre Klossowski; 2. To demonstrate the modus operandi of Klossowski's texts. The thesis illustrates the "esoteric" references: theologies (Paganism and Christianism), occultism and foremost alchemy; we demonstrate how the Klossowski's texts work: what we call "manifestations occultantes", pneumatology, "mystery" and hermetic Art. To reach this goal, our interpretation intends to articulate a dualism - or more accurately a "dualitude" - in between body and spirit. This "dualitude" being exposed, we propose an accentuation of the spiritual side of our dual scheme, so that there is a clear emphasis of the spirit over the letter, of the interpretations over pure facts, of the immaterial over matter, of the difference over the identical. Not that we intend to negate the body to promote a full blown spiritualism, but that we have to insist upon the signature of things, on the principle that Physics have to presuppose Metaphysics, and that Metaphysics needs bodies to be build on. The thesis is composed of a detailed lecture of Le "bain de Diane" (Diana's Bath), a phenomenological study of "Le Baphomet", some remarks on "Les lois de l'hospitalité" (Laws of Hospitality), in particular on "l'instant de la porte ouverte" (the open door moment), and an interpretation of Klossowski's interpretation of Nietzsche. The object of this work is to elucidate the difficulties in the literary and philosophical work of Klossowski
Hamami, Ali. "Jinn : croyances et pratiques traditionnelles en Tunisie." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010537.
Full textPopular traditions present the jinn as a society of (evel) spirits wich resembles in every way an Arab tribal one. When they apprehend a danger or an agression, the Jinn defend themselves by inflincting upon the human enemy diseares and suffering. To cure such illesses, humans resort to two types of therapy : fagurique (faith-healing) where a faith healer controls the cultural situation. - musical and corporeal, and this therapy is largely inspired by the skilful practices of the Soufi masters. And just as possession (by the evel spirit) comes from the belief that we are actually possessed, so inversly, it disappears as the exorciste makes belief that it will disappear. So, we can considere the Tunisian traditionnal cure as an effective cure
Kaufmann, Laurence. "À la croisée des esprits : esquisse d'une ontologie d'un fait social : l'opinion publique." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0029.
Full textGumpper, Stéphane. "L' expérience mystique, entre réalisation ultime et folie : Analyse épistémologique et psychopathologique (1789-1980)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/GUMPPER_Stephane_2008.pdf.
Full textNabuco, de Araujo Rodrigo. "Conquête des esprits et commerce des armes : la diplomatie militaire française au Brésil (1945-1974)." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690336.
Full textKoprivica, Ana. "Musique et rituel à Cuba : appeler les esprits au son des cajónes à La Havane." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040174.
Full textThe Cajón in Cuba is both music and a possession ritual. The combined approach of musicology and religious anthropology highlights the specificities of the Cajón. Therefore, it is possible to position the musical and ritual practice of Cajón among different Afro-Cuban cults in Havana. Considering the Cajón as total social fact, this research aims to analyze the complexity of ritual taking into account social, musical and religious aspects. The analysis shows that the Cajón can be recognized in different way among religious practices of Afro-Cuban cults, even sometimes coming out of its framework. The Cajón covers a sequence of rituals (Misa, Biagué, Chamalongo, sacrifice and Toque) embedded in a sacred space where every participant has a well-identified role. The analysis of one sequence of ritual and of interactions which happen enables the definition of the role of music. The music is permanently adapting to the ritual being one of its components: it structures the ritual time, it participates to the introduction and also to the socialization of the possession trance. The musicians as participants use in creative way melodic systems and rhythmic patterns associated to the music of rumba, makuta and palo monte. Overlapping of repertoires and musical systems generates a complexity concerning sound effects. We conclude that the musical analysis is a key for the understanding of the ritual
Schlemmer, Grégoire. "Vues d'esprits : la conception des esprits et ses implications chez les Kulung Rai du Népal." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100177.
Full textBased on an ethnography of the Kulung Rai religious life, a small Himalayan society, this work aims at understanding the reasons spirits are conceived and what does such representations involve. The analysis is based on the contexts where the referent "spirit" appears : myth, misfortune and ritual. We then show how spirits are organised in different categories corresponding to different spaces and implying different kinds of rituals, each of them with their own logic and effects. Finally, the work shows that relations with spirits reveal a system of interpretation and actions that structure and legitimise a way to interact in the world that articulate persons and groups, oneself and otherness, order and disorder, nature and society
NOGUEIRA, A. C. "A perspectiva dos esprits animaux como causa dos movimentos corporais e das paixões em Descartes." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/9372.
Full textAo percurso da leitura das obras cartesianas Traité de L'homme (1648), e Les passions de lâme (1649), encontramos uma categoria que é essencial para a compreensão do dualismo cartesiano: o conceito de esprits animaux. Esse conceito articula um dos principais fundamentos da compreensão do filósofo René Descartes (1596-1650) em relação ao dualismo corpo e alma. O componente físico e corpóreo desse nexo corpo e alma para Descartes, nessa perspectiva, residirá sobretudo no movimento e ação desses espíritos animais no corpo, que são produzidos no cérebro como o demonstra no Art. X do Traité des Passions de L'âme de nome Comment les esprits animaux sont produits du cerveau. A compreensão essencial desse conceito e de sua formulação teórica é ambientada por outra concepção: corps machine, como formulações em referência ao materialismo filosófico. Esprits animaux e corps machine são dois conceitos essenciais para a compreensão da interlocução filosófica entre Descartes e La Mettrie (1709-1751) nas obras L'homme machine (1895) e Les animaux plus que machines (1796). Causalidade e movimentos mecânicos dos corpos são concepções que expressam aproximação e confronto entre esses dois filósofos.
Nicolas-Teboul, Léa. "Le communisme des esprits surréaliste à l'épreuve de l'Occupation / La Main à plume (1940-1944)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA103.
Full textLa Main à plume, a surrealist group active during the German occupation, represents a particularly intense moment of communism of the surrealist minds. This generation is characterized by the encounter between the direct inheritors of the pre-war movement close to André Breton and a heterodox group built by deserters of Réverbères, a post-Dadaist magazine which had been active during the last years of the pre-war years, as well as more peripheral personalities, and a proximity between the Parisian and the Belgian surrealism. Whilst active they produced several collective and individual volumes of poetry, among them the famous Poésie et Vérité 42 by Paul Éluard. The group adopted the surrealistic gesture and invested the poetical question as a sign of joining the literary scene of the Occupation, as well as the place of a more valuable life. The group made collective poetry and collaboration the central themes of its activities. La Main à plume was also a micro-society struck by war, including Jews and foreigners within the group, a youth forced into the compulsory work service (STO). La Main à plume makes collective poetry and collaborative work one of the central themes of its activities. La Main à plume was also a micro-society hit by the war, including Jews and foreigners within the group, young people forced to Compulsory Work Service. The group is marked by its engagement, firstly in connection with the Trotskyists, then against the forces of the Occupation, for which they paid dearly. In a few years, La Main à plume had tackled the great questions of surrealist poetry through an experimental approach, offering new protocols of invention and valorizing the materials of reality as artistic materials. They looked to new mediums, such as music. They also conceived of a theoretical approach to surrealism, which took the form of intensive collective research around L’Objet, a poetry volume which remains unpublished
Aubrée, Marion. "Voyages entre corps et esprits : étude comparative entre deux courants religieux dans le Nordeste Brésilien." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070007.
Full textGumpper, Stéphane Rausky Franklin. "L'expérience mystique, entre réalisation ultime et folie analyse épistémologique et psychopathologique (1789-1980) /." Strasbourg : Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://eprints-scd-ulp.u-strasbg.fr:8080/1084/01/GUMPPER_Stephane_2008.pdf.
Full textKöhrsen, Jens-Ole. "Des esprits inappropriés : goûts et styles religieux chez les pentecôtistes de la classe moyenne en Argentine." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0135.
Full textThis study explores middle class Pentecostalism in Argentina. A religious movement that has spread predominantly within Latin America's lower classes, Pentecostalism has so far been studied mainly as a lower class religion, whereas its relationship to the middle class has been barely investigated. Endeavoring to fill this void, this study poses the following questions: How does Argentina's middle class relate to Pentecostalism? What form of Pentecostalism do middle class Pentecostals create? This dissertation addresses these questions based on empirical research on the Pentecostal movement in and around Buenos Aires, Argentina. Pentecostalism stands to some degree in tension with the social representations of the Argentinean middle class. Considered a lower class movement showing "inappropriate" characteristics such as speaking in tongues, Pentecostalism does not fit well with the representations of the middle class. It appears as an inappropriate religious practice. When affiliated with this movement, middle class actors overstep to some degree the symbolic boundaries of the middle class and may, in consequence, suffer social tensions with their peers. This raises the question of how these individuals deal with the inappropriateness of their religious belonging. Argentinean middle class Pentecostals employ symbolic boundary work to negotiate the (in-) appropriateness of their religious belonging
Schmid, Johannes. "La bataille des esprits. L'opinion publique en France et en Belgique pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN042.
Full textThe thesis deals with a comparison of the evolution of people’s opinion in France and Belgium during the Second World War. The focus of this study lies on the perceptions of the German occupier, the Allies, and the development on the different theatres of war, by the French and Belgian populations. Furthermore, the reactions of these two peoples towards their own political leaders and the fate of the Jewish population are studied. Special attention is given to opinion variations in different social groups such as the bourgeoisie, the middle class, the working class or the rural population. The study is based on an extensive analysis of documents of the various German authorities in occupied France and Belgium, especially the military administration, the German embassies in Paris and Brussels as well as the “German institutes”. We also make use of documents from British services, especially those in charge of propaganda and intelligence gathering. For France, the detailed reports of French prefects, police and postal control services are used in a representative sample of départments, reflecting regional differences in mentality, population composition and occupation. These documents are complemented by observations from the Free French Forces and personal testimonies such as diaries. In Belgium, reports of the Belgian authorities in the occupied territory were used as well as of those in exile in London and documents from some of the resistance networks
Bouttiaux, Anne-Marie. "La danse des hommes, la jubilation des esprits: masques guro de la région de Zuenoula, Côte d'Ivoire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211693.
Full textKarila-Cohen, Pierre. ""L'Etat des esprits" : l'Administration et l'observation de l'opinion départementale en France sous la monarchie constitutionnelle (1814-1848)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010630.
Full textMokélé, Borice Kevin. "Le fonctionnement psychique des tradithérapeutes : relations avec les esprits des ancêtres dans l'ethnie Likouala au Congo Brazzaville." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG038.
Full textIn all human societies, there are men and women who are chosen or elected to take care of the physical, psychic and spiritual well-being of the others. They are called traditionel healers, traditional practitioners, traditional doctors or nganga in some Bantu languages in Africa. This work looked at these health and wellness professionals in one of Congo's ethnic groups - Brazzaville, the Likouala ethnic group. We conducted a survey of them using an appropriate methodology, that of the IPA - Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The result is that the traditionel healers perform three fundamental functions : divinatory function, therapeutic function and mediating function. Indeed, the particular aspect of the management of consultants is that of their relationship with the spirits of ancestors. Moreover, they use this clinical pratice to rearrange the relationship between the world of human beings and that of spirits
Lainé, Michaël. "Quelle rationalité pour les esprits animaux ? : étude sur le comportement d'investissement des entrepreneurs en incertitude non probabilisable." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0151/document.
Full textIn a background of fundamental uncertainty, entrepreneurs cannot rely on a precise calculus of profitability. For their investment expectations, they have to lean on their animal spirits, that is an analogical, instinctive judgment about the future associated with an automatic emotional decision under the guidance of motivations. The notion traces back to the Ancient times. She was then synonymous with “nerve impulse”. Nowadays, if one probes neuroscience, it appears that somatic markers could shed some light on them. Emotions are useful to stop thoughts, restrict the states of nature and value certain options. They contribute to the intelligence of decisions. It is the excess, be it of cognition or emotion, that is detrimental. Emotions also serve to update or strengthen our beliefs. By their own momentum, they can create cycles, which I propose to dub “the confidence paradox”. When confidence is high, the terrain for the future fall is being prepared. Conversely, when it is low, little by little the conditions for a reversal are being staged. Our work proposes an analysis of inductive reasoning responsible for the elaboration of anticipative scripts. Cultural and symbolic capital also appears to come into play. Our empirical inquiry establishes a link between cultural capital and risk-taking. It outlines as well a clustering of animal spirits so as to grasp the heterogeneity of entrepreneurs. 11 different sorts are outlined and sorted by their motivations, emotions, cultural capital, investment behaviors and preferred anticipative scripts
Vrydagh, Fanny. ""Gagner les corps, les coeurs et les esprits" Comprendre l'engagement dans le mouvement brésilien pro-destitution (2014-2016)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/305496.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
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Chauvet, Claire. "Du commerce avec les esprits des Quatre Palais : étude d'un culte de possession à Hà Nôi (Viêt Nam)." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100102.
Full textIn the frame of the composite kinh religious system, this thesis deals with the Four Palaces possession cult. Male and female mediums are regularly possessed by the most popular spirits - heroes - of the pantheon and act as their mediators. They "trade" and negotiate with them by transmitting human's offerings and requests in exchange of protection or recommendations. This study aims at analyzing various practices of the worship and their inscription in the country's social structures and history. As many religious phenomena, it was prohibited in the 50th by the communist government until the end of the 80th and the "renovation" policy. It is currently in a paradoxical situation: still prohibited in theory, but developing in fact. Often marginalized or ostracized, the phenomenon however seems central while dealing with personal misfortunes or search for prosperity, and meanwhile, lying in the frame of Viêt Nam history and nation through spirits' representations
Touré, N'Diabou Séga. "Fonctionnement et fonctions des représentations du surnaturel dans l'imaginaire des contes wolofs." Paris, INALCO, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INAL0004.
Full textThe study of supernatural characters in a given set of Wolof fairy tales enable us to appreciate the richness and diversity of such supernatural representations like the Wild Beast Mother, the jinn and the ogress that appear in West African fairy tales. But some supernatural characters, example the Mother Bush and the Head that kills, are specific to the wolof background. However, beyond the identification, the proper use of such supernatural representations raises some questions related to two main problems. First their functioning inside a well-organized universe in which their apparent chaos is but faked. The second problem deals with their functions in the tales. By "function", we mean not only their roles in the fairy tales but also their "finality". This notion of finality requires a deeper analysis in order to lead to hypothesis bringing a particular conception of the supernatural universe in fairy tales. In fact, in such problematic wholly built on the fundamental notion of change, the theme of initiation place an essential role. The supernatural universe in fairy tales is a primordial factor in the elaboration of a Wolof model for the creation of a mental person that presents itself like a social being realized into the concepts of twinage and alter. This item or model is the mould in which the future initiated will find the guide lines allowing him to be in conformity with the Wolof ideal notion of the Human Being
Buluku, Ekwakwa Nsie-Ley Emvan. "Influence de l'agriculture sur la qualité des eaux souterraines : cas des nappes phréatiques du Parc naturel régional du Lubéron (Vaucluse, France)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11017.
Full textLemonchois, Myriam. "Création poétique et éducation : formation de la sensibilité et apprentissage du discernement." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082037.
Full textHohenstein, Erica Jane de. "Das Reich der magischen Mütter : Untersuchung über die Frauen in den afro-brasilianischen Besessenheitskulten Candomblé /." Frankfurt am Main : Verl. für Interkulturelle Kommunikation, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35599026n.
Full textBerthezène, Clarisse. "Les conservateurs britanniques dans la bataille des idées : le Ashridge Bonar Law memorial college : des "conservateurs fabiens" à la conquête des esprits, 1929-1954." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030114.
Full textThis thesis examines an attempt by the British Conservative Party to create "Conservative Fabians" to counter the supposedly pervasive influence of the intellectual Left. The Bonar Law Memorial College, Ashridge, was founded in 1929 as a "College of citizenship" to provide, through both teaching and publications, political education for a student clientele, who would carry the College's message to their localities. Although founded by the Conservative Party, the College functioned autonomously, acting as a "think-tank" avant la lettre, a nexus of economic, political and cultural debate, and an adult education centre. It defined a practical ideal of expertise, between "high theory" and "folk wisdom", and shaped a self-consciously "middlebrow" thought. After 1945, as the Conservative Party sought to jettison its Baldwinian past, Ashridge lost its political anchor, and moved, through complex stages, to being re-founded as a management training college in 1954
Peschard-Erlih, Erika. "Les mondes infernaux et les peintures des six voies dans le Japon bouddhique." Paris, INALCO, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INAL0009.
Full textVolf, Pavel. "Seger åt guderna : rituell besatthet hos ladakhier /." Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36962060b.
Full textLesbre, Emmanuelle. "La conversion de Hârîtî, mère des démons, dans l'iconographie chinoise." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0022.
Full textGerber, Lucie. "Le laboratoire des esprits animaux : expérimentation animale, production de savoirs et innovation thérapeutique dans les domaines de la dépression et de la maladie d'Alzheimer (1950-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0137.
Full textThe "laboratory of animal spirits" proposes a history of a scientific aspiration, that of using the experimental animal to introduce the problems of psychiatry and neurology within the laboratory. This work describes and analyzes the practices of the behavioral, cognitive and brain sciences in the context of therapeutic and medical research on diseases or disorders that affect the mind from 1955 to the present time. What are the historical conditions under which animal experimentation developed and diversified during the second half of the 20th century? How have experimenters developed animal models for the study of phenomena that are often reputed to be specifically human? With what effects and consequences for the mode of constitution of the objects on which the experimenters work, on the orientations followed by medical and therapeutic research? These questions are addressed through two fields of observation, research on depression, and research on Alzheimer's disease, in the perspective of an integrated history of science, technology and medicine. Through the published literature, industrial, institutional and personal archives of scientists, oral history interviews and ethnographic observations, this work questions the close link that was established, following a double process of "pharmaceutizalisation" and " molecularization "between animal experimentation and the way we conceive and study mental, cognitive and behavioral disorders
Valois, Nathalie. "Le chant des sirènes dans la poésie européenne du XIXe à l'aube du XXe siècle." Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39016.
Full textBertin, Salsa. "La malédiction dans la littérature fantastique moderne francophone et anglophone à travers quatre oeuvres française, belge, américaine et anglaise." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10082.
Full textDi, Muro Icir Mimina. "Le « pouvoir » des femmes : étude du monde féminin Bassari à Ethiolo." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP032.
Full textThe « power » of women (A study of the feminine world of the Bassari in Ethiolo). Behind an apparently simple and « shy » demeanor, the Bassari feminine world conceals great complexity, characterized by women being mysterious and decisive at the same time. Such behavior is the power of the women of Ethiolo. The purpose of the project is to study the Bassari feminine world in Ethiolo (a village located in Eastern Senegal on the border with Guinea-Conakry). Such world cannot be understood without simultaneously observing the masculine world of the Bassari and the interaction of between the two. The main subjects of the following paper are: the analysis of the age system, which lays at the basis of the social organization of the Bassari population, the analysis of the administration of power, based on the control of the secrets of masks (for men) and the peculiar affinity with the world of spirits (for women), and lastly the role of women during male initiation. Bassari women, with their attachment to traditions, their awareness of the value of their culture and nonetheless their ability to adapt to the inevitable changes of the modern world, contribute to the preservation of the future of the Bassari
Ratrimoarivony, Mialy Nirina. "La Lémurie, Terre des Esprits : les enjeux spatio-culturels d'une réappropriation de l'identité autochtone à Madagascar : étude sur des sites sacrés naturels de Kalanoro, Zazavavindrano et Vazimba." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30065.
Full textThe spirit of Lemuria is based on the respect of life under all its expressions : spirit, human, nature. In Madagascar, those values are best embodied by the natural sacred sites, territories of the Manankasina, spirits of the nature. The forest and caves of the Kalanoro, streams, lakes and springs of the Zazavavindrano, aquatic and ground spaces of the Vazimba, are then protected and governed by taboos and rituals. But this “land of the spirits” is also a “land of the ancestors”. The Manankasina, maintain relations with their descendants, the Malagasy people, and organize indigenous communities between tompon-drano, managers of the water, and tompon-tany, managers of the land. This study tries to redefine the spatial and cultural bases of the Malagasy Mother-Land, and analyses their evolution, facing centralist and profaner colonial migrations. It specifies the functioning of the indigenous territory, by using a methodology of approach based on oral tradition (myths, tales, proverbs) and the study of the rites and the spiritual structures, connected with the natural space. It is a comparative work which evokes ancient submerged continents as Lemuria, and arouses reflections about the preservation of a cultural foundation of Gondwana
Olsson, Christian. ""Conquérir les coeurs et les esprits" ? : usages et enjeux de légitimation locale de la force dans les missions de pacification extérieures (Bosnie, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Irak ; 1996-2006)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0023.
Full textContemporary overseas military operations raise the question of how an “international” monopoly on legitimate violence can be imposed upon local societies. When looking at these operations, it is hence important to analyse the procedures through which the use of force is legitimized locally. This is what this dissertation tries to do. It draws on a theoretical perspective inspired by Foucault and historical sociology, thus allowing for a seldom explored sociological perspective on military practices. The aim, through the examination of the peace operations and counter-insurgency doctrines implemented by the US, the British and the French military in the Balkans, Afghanistan an Iraq, is to understand the implicit philosophies underlying the use of force as well as its legitimization in the eyes of the “local populations”. Be it through the argument of law, impartiality, the policing of crime or the engagement in “civic actions”, the legitimization procedures that are mobilised often draw their rationality from colonial history or from the constabulary practices that prevail inside of the modern state. The socio-historical conditions and temporalities that characterize overseas military operations are however different from those out of which the colonial and the modern state have emerged. It is hence also important to highlight the limits of the legitimization strategies that are resorted to
Blaisel, Xavier. "Espace cérémoniel et temps universel chez les Inuit du Nunavut, Canada : les valeurs coutumières Inuit et les rapports rituels entre humains, gibier, esprits et forces de l'univers." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0089.
Full textSocial anthropology. Thesis of 692 pages 15 chapters, addendum (myth of arnaqtaqtuq collected in 1991); glossary, bibliography (942 titles). Examination of the rituals and the cosmology of the inuit of the eastern canadian arctic. Following the holistic approach of louis dumont, the dissertation describes how the constituent parts of the person shared by animals and human beings are conceived of as valorized parts of ceremonial flow moments of inuit society, and furthermore how this ceremonial flow is stopping the genesis time, in contradiction with cannibalistic and first times of the orld context. Put under scrutiny : myths about the creation of mankind, game and rituals ; funerals, shamanic initiation, bith rituals, mauliqpuq hunting as ritual, cannibalism
Hajji, Ali. "La finance comportementale à l'épreuve de la crise." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAE011.
Full textThe crisis that started in 2007 have challenged the foundations of the financial system and the financial theory. This theory is based on assumptions of conventional finance including the "invisible hand" and the rationality assumption of investors which builds that of market efficiency.This crisis has highlighted the psychology of financial markets, aspects already addressed by J.M Keynes when he developed the concept of "animal spirits" to reflect the uncertainty of the economy. Until the early 1980s, the understanding of psychology has always been the result of an informal approach.Since, the psychology of financial markets has been formalized by behavioral finance. Throughout its development, its theoricians have questioned the rationality assumption of investors on empirical bases. However, no paramount event such this crisis has struck much the postulates of the dominant mainstream.Consequently, the financial theory is at the crossroads. Is the assumption of rationality of investors valid? If so, what are the conditions of its validity? If not, are we departing from the scope of conventional finance and adopt that of behavioral finance? These are all issues that are calling for an overhaul of the financial theory.The Jury of the prize in economics in memory of Alfred Nobel did not err in fact by awarding the 2013 prize to these two schools. However, academics do not seem to decide between them, recognizing their contributions to financial theory and practice. This award suggests the following central question: are the two schools parallel, complementary or contradictory?The first chapter deals with the questioning of the central assumptions of finance, at the base of the most popular business models. The framework of conventional finance has failed to give an explanation to the formation of the housing bubble nor has it helped to provide a unified solution to the crisis. The inadequacy of the assumptions of the classical framework with reality appears especially in a context of high volatility and heightened uncertainty. This challenge opens the way for the introduction of psychological parameters in understanding the phenomena of the market.Behavioral finance develops the psychology of financial markets. The second chapter covers the central concepts of this trend, in order to answer the central question of this thesis. The analysis of this trend and its historical epistemological and paradigmatic development shows it is opposite and sometimes in addition to the classic one. The fact remains that the theoretical framework of this trend is not yet completed nor the formation of a new dominant paradigm achieved.Among the key findings of behavioral finance, psychological tools provide relevant insights to developments in financial markets. The third chapter addresses the biases and heuristics in light of the crisis. The analysis of the crisis shows that heuristics and emotional biases may have led investors to judgment errors. The attention and analysis has focused on beliefs in an abstruse information and environmental context, allowing the development of heuristics. Consequently, the tools of behavioral finance can develop a mental map to this crisis.Behavioral finance seeks to establish a more sophisticated conceptual framework. The theory of "animal spirits" has regained momentum especially among behaviorists of neo-Keynesian orientation. The return to this concept is explained by the growing importance of certain concepts such as confidence, corruption and the role of stories in the context of this crisis. Moreover, collusion and corrupt system operation almost permanently undermine confidence in the financial economy. This fourth chapter shows that trust and corruption stem from human psychology and show the weight of the latter in situations of uncertainty and the relationship between men and earnings
Boivin, Patrice. "Édition critique du Livre des Tables de Victor Hugo." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040215.
Full textBetween September 1853 and October 1855, Victor Hugo, who had been in exile in Jersey since August 1852, practiced spiritualism nearly everyday. During those sessions, Hugo conversed with the most illustrious of spirits, such as Dante, Shakespeare, Jesus, Eschyle, Galileo as well as with the most abstract of forms, like The Shadow of the Sepulchre, Drama or Death. This puzzling journey deep into spiritualism and poetry was compiled into four notebooks which were to form what Victor Hugo called The Book Of Tables. We have got hold of only two notebooks - one in 1962, on which the main studies about Hugo's time in exile rely, and the second in 1972, which made all the studies published at the time obsolete, erroneous or incomplete. We intend to design a critical edition of the two original notebooks written in Jersey in 1854 and in 1855 respectively. The later one has never been subjected to critical analysis or editorial work. The hereby edition is not to be understood as a seriously established text or as an attempt to bring clarifications through annotations. Above all, its relevance lies in what has not been done yet, that is, the gathering of all the existing documents : the two original notebooks written in Jersey, the available and so far unpublished official records along with other documents, among which letters that have been discovered in the collection the Maison de Victor Hugo. The Critical Edition of The Book Of Tables firstly aims to draw the history and chronology of the four notebooks written in Jersey ; its second purpose is to establish the circumstances and modalities in which they were set down so as to make the actual part played by Hugo in the writing of the two notebooks come to light. Finally, it aims to bring out the considerable influence of Hugo's spiritualist time on his production as well as on all his system of thought
Seye, Boucounta. "Esprit objectif et esprit absolu chez Hegel." Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Seye-Boucounta/2009-Seye-Boucounta-These.pdf.
Full textOur aim in this present work was to analyze and understand the historical dimension of the objectivized mind in its objective and absolute time in Hegel philosophy without minimizing the contributions of his idealist peers. Therefore, the process of our work has obeyed a ternary structure. The first part is about the historical dimension throughout its great times or detreminist aspect ; family, civil society and the State. It is about the study of human institution from their east to their west, where they are subjected to the universal norms of Reason and Liberty. The expression of Geist which those objective deterministic aspect mediatized, shows however a continuous presence of the contingency whose peculiarity is to put it down in a finished process. So, hit by the negative at its top which is the State in the international relations, the objective mind shows its limits because the mind is not even political ; which arises the necessity of its subordination to the absolute mind, the kingdom of pure thinking, of the mind conscious about itself. That is what we have analyzed in the second part. Here, the absolute mind expresses the Geist in its high sphere, composed of art, religion and philosophy. Finally, the third part deals with the dialectical relation between the objective mind and the absolute mind. The latter has enabled us to understand how the absolute mind is the sphere constituting the basis of the objective evolutionobjective mind- and must be highlighted. What we have learnt from it is the hegelian rehabilitation of religion. In fact, it helps, among others, to make colour-blind people, particulary some hegelian specialists who do not master the religious aspect in the system, to see better and clearly
Bissa, Enama Marie-Thérèse. "Michel Tournier : esprit d'utopie et esprit d'humanisme." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF20010.
Full textThis dissertation aims at studying the notions utopia and humanism in michel tournier's literary work. The method applied here consists in bringing to light the dreams of a perfect world, starting from certain mythological alegories: the quest for the origins and the modern myths. The construction of the novel reveals a set of three basic points: primeval innocence, fall into time - a cursed space where the character is subjected to the misery and the sufferings of mankind - and eventually the different attempts to find redemption in exile or in the reconstruction of a lost happiness. The hope for an "other" world manifest itself through a will to escape from immediate human realities. This second approach reinforces the central idea about the novel's educational dimension. The objective is to show how the lives of "freakish heroes" can be seen as embedded in "wisdom", and stand like a kind of "model", in mircea eliade's sense. Are these initiatory journeys not also the means of speaking about man, a way of inquiring about the powers of human mind, the relationships between human beings, and the means of getting to a better world? here, tournieran fiction reaches collective destiny and universal mythology, and thus encovers his desire to create a perfect human being
Seye, Boucounta Vieillard-Baron Jean-Louis. "Esprit objectif et esprit absolu chez Hegel." [Poitiers] : [I-médias], 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Seye-Boucounta/2009-Seye-Boucounta-These.pdf.
Full textMériaux, Anne. "Prophètes et prophéties en France à la fin du Moyen Age." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100045.
Full textAt the end of the Middle Ages, a number of minor prophets sought to deliver a message which they claim they had received from God. This charismatic phenomenon can be related to contemporary crises: religious crisis with the Western Schism (1378-1417) ; political crisis with the civil war; and national crisis with the Hundred Year’s War. These minor prophets are often stereotypical: they come from the frontier of the kingdom; the men are often hermits, like John the Baptist; the women tend to be widows, beguines or recluses. Although they don’t always display a specific sign, the sanctity of their behavior openly establishes that they are prophets, and many of them perform miracles. The content of their message evolves little during the period of interest: it pertains to the Schism, the necessary reform of the Church, and the crusade. Some prophets also announce the End of Time, in the same manner as the prophet-preachers predicting the coming of the Antichrist, or ‘makers’ of prophecies, whom the most active were influenced by Joachim of Fiore. They also embody the diffusion of messianic ideas in favor of the House of France, especially the ‘Charles’ Kings. However, due to a lack of reference doctrine about ‘discretio spirituum’, the official Church will succeed in controlling prophetism. It will confine it to few small circles, and, above all, will empty it of its subversive substance
Yanez, Séverine. "Les êtres fantastiques dans les contes et légendes de Théodor Vernaleken : étude comparative." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040207.
Full text“Once upon a time”… an austrian professor, Theodor Vernaleken, wanted to spread popular stories and traditional uses from the alpine areas. This “Austrian Grimm” restores them in his books Tales From the Alps for children and home and Legends from the Alps so faithfully that he writes them in dialect form. Highly skilled teacher, he writes lots of explicative notes on his stories making them understandable. A tale is a story, which takes place “a long time ago” “in a far faraway country”. Fantastic creatures appear quite naturally at the right time to allow the heroes to live happy and have lots of children or to prevent it to happen. As for it the legend aims to be believed. In these tales and legends inhabitants or a member of the village community have really seen supernatural creatures in their village. They tell us about their amazement, their fear from the confrontation with this other world populated with daemons. So dwarfs, giants, drakes and other fantastic animals and so on appear, speak and are completely transformed. Humans are also confronting demonologic protagonists such as witches, devils and ghosts. Who transgresses the interdicts cannot escape from his fate. That is the message of these exemplary and instructive stories. Up to now, no exhaustive survey or classification of this literary genre has been carried out. So, this work will analyse demonologic stories in a comparative way through the study of fantastic creatures in texts gathered by Theodor Vernaleken
Loppinet, Xavier Marie Yves. "Le "De examinatione doctrinarum" de Jean Gerson (1363-1429) : et la réception universitaire des auteurs mystiques à la fin du Moyen Âge." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20066.
Full textThe object of this thesis is chancellor of the University of Paris, Jean Gerson's (1363-1429) De examinatione doctrinarum (On the examination of doctrines), a treatise on discernment. The first volume of the thesis contains the history of this incomplete yet stylistically modified text, its critical edition established from eight manuscripts and its translation. The second volume is a commentary of this texte. The meaning of this one is constructed with attention to the groups to which it was destined, the Carthusians and Celestines who profusely read mystics such as Brigit of Sweden and Catherine of Siena. Gerson intended to call these readers to prudence. Using saint Paul's ecclesiology and relying partially on Gerson's analysis, the conclusion proposes to understand mystical and spiritual literature as linked to the charism of prophecy which, to “edify” the Church, must be “interpreted” by theologians
Renault, Georges. "Être-Matière-Esprit." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30003.
Full textThe proposed ontology introduces the human being more as a meeting subject rather than a survey object. This new approach brings a new look in all the fields of thought and human life. This is low we progress in the sense of ambivalence, polysemy, complementarity, relativity, relation in the heart of the structure and of the praxis of everything ; a new approach of all the thought systems which are at the same time the origin and the structure of civilisations, obviously flows out of it guide by order – and the world – of senses as much as that of . The couples of opposites – reality and illusion, sense and nosense, light and obscurity, time and eternity, human and divine, mind and matter, good and bad, myth and reason, immanence and transcendence, single and multiple and more and the duality this seen under the double relation of logic and analogy, gives and light on unity. The human being with all his reality, his authority the infinite field which is his, is the main affirmation of this quest. We have found low much it is present in multiple ways in all things ; While continuing to confront this experience with the constant care of philosophy : to be a friend of wisdom . On the other hand he is the one who teaches us, who sends is back to " the world " in a constant relations hip of alterity without losing sight f this unity – an overabundant tri unity, called Trinity
Robert-Géraudel-Dussausse, Nelly. "Romantisme et "esprit d'enfance"." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040234.
Full textThe nineteenth century is a witness to the birth of a childhood whose everlasting character faces the one which, out of Christian tradition, was marked out by its own incompletion. This new childhood, whose advent is closely connected to the development of the romantic thought and sensitivity and notably the fundamental self-demand, possesses a mythical dimension in the fact that it is no longer conceived as a transitional state but as an other way of existing. This ontological childhood is called "childhood spirit". The fascination of the childhood memory, the idealisation of the child's innocence of which the romantic man is the guardian, the compassion towards the child's suffering, the apology of the universal analogy brought to light at the level of the correspondences set and the will to attain the poetical knowledge make that the childhood spirit is the cornerstone of the romantic mind. This philosophy originates in the child but has grown thanks to the recognition of a number of analogues within the framework of a religion of humanity and of a backward move to the primordial order
Arthur, Claire. "Cooperation and other unifying processes in Elliott Carter's Esprit Rude/Esprit Doux trilogy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1608.
Full textGonthier, Frédéric. "L' esprit sociologique et son destin." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05H047.
Full textThis is not an attempt to solve the inherent complexity of sociology which is a plurality of theoretical views on social phenomena. From an analysis of classical texts, the aim is to consider sociology as a fundamental element giving mankind the possibility to assimilate the meaning of its community and to organize itself in the world. The genesis of sociology is linked to modernity, which represents a symbolical and imaginary space characterized by the assumption of mankind to the origin of sense and, therefore, by a permanent division of society with itself. Against the principle of this division, the sociological tradition erects a principle of reconciliation. It sets itself up as allowing a social conscience that could completely be founded in the scientifical objectivity it defines. The knowledge of social phenomena is supposed for manking to master its own world of meaning. (. . . )
Bourhane, Abderemane. "Les rites pré-islamiques à Anjouan. Contribution à une étude culturelle des Comores." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF044/document.
Full textThe geographical position of the comoros, has enabled to host several migrations: Bantu, Austronesian, Proto-Malagasy, Arabo-Persian. These migrants had brought their respective beliefs and cultures. As a testimony of this civilization:: the social importance of the Mwalimu, the existence of possession seances , the survival of Djinn spirit cult, the ancestors cult and devotoion to nature. Trimba at Nyumakele and Nkoma at Ouani (agrarian festival and / or rites of protection), Mudandra (spirit dance) at the village of Ouzini and Mro-Maji organized inside a sacred cave are part of the pre-Islamic rites in Anjouan than the cults of the sacred eels "Mwana-mroni". These rites are noticed in the areas inhabited by the indigenous "Wamatsaha". Some of these practices are performed in sacred places called "Ziara". In conclusion, we have shown that the rise of the "Islamists" also called "Djawula" risks to destroy forever these ancestral practices
SILVA, VIVIANE APARECIDA MOREIRA. "QUAND L ESPRIT DE DIEU INSUFFLA...: L EXPÉRIENCE DE L ESPRIT DE DIEU DANS LES PETITES COMMUNAUTÉS CHRÉTIENNES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=29346@1.
Full textLe présent travail a comme objet de recherche les base communautés ecclésiales (CECB) d un point de vue pneumatológica, compte tenu de la vie quotidienne comme le Locus Theologicus d expérience dans l esprit de Dieu. Faisant l objet de l Esprit Saint, mot, il est celui qui permet de faire une expérience dont la maison est dans la proclamation de la vie qui nous est révélée par Dieu. Le CECB est présenté ici, en tant qu espaces où l expérience de l Esprit Saint est vécue par la lumière de la Justice, le droit et l égalité; donc, comme dans les communautés, il est Lucane qui fortifie la marche, prendre le courage dans la lutte (voir 2,1 -6); est l onction qui proclame la libération des captifs et l année de grâce du Seigneur (LC. 4.18 -20). Enquêter sur les mouvements qui a préparé l arrivée du CEB s, se trouvent un moment historique dans l église du Brésil et fournir des expériences qui ont changé la vie de beaucoup de catholiques. Se distingue comme les gens qui sont dans l expérience de CECB que les expériences de leur vie à la lumière de l esprit par la dynamique de suivre le Christ Jésus. Il est d une spiritualité marquée par un triple mouvement: Exode, engagement et proximité. Une dynamique qui commence dans sa dimension historique, l identification automatique avec un peuple; passe par la dimension communautaire, en créant des liens de communion dans la suite de Jésus et se termine par la dimension personnelle, aimer l expérience d un Dieu qui nous aime dans notre pauvreté. La recherche ne voulait pas être une étude de pneumatologie, mais une tentative d une ecclésiologie d expérience, vu comment l esprit de Dieu, dans cette expérience ecclésiale, tout ce qui bouge et se transforme.
O presente trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa as Comunidades Eclesiais de Base (CEB s) a partir de uma perspectiva pneumatológica, considerando a vida cotidiana como o Locus Theologicus da experiência no Espírito de Deus. Sendo o Espirito Santo, sujeito da Palavra, ele é quem possibilita fazer uma experiência cujo início está na proclamação da vida que é revelada por Deus. As CEB s são aqui apresentadas, como espaços onde a experiência do Espírito Santo é vivida sob a luz da justiça, do direito e da igualdade; por isso, como nas comunidades lucanas, ele é a força que fortalece a caminhada, dá coragem na luta (cf. At 2,1-6); é a unção que faz proclamar a libertação dos cativos e o Ano da Graça do Senhor (Lc 4,18-20). Investigam-se os movimentos que prepararam a chegada das CEB s, pois fundam um momento histórico da Igreja do Brasil e propiciam experiências que mudaram a vida de muitos católicos. Destaca-se como as pessoas que estão nas CEB s vivenciam suas experiências de vida à luz do Espírito pela dinâmica do seguimento de Jesus Cristo. Trata-se de uma espiritualidade marcada por um tríplice movimento: êxodo, compromisso e proximidade. Uma dinâmica que começa na sua dimensão histórica, no auto identificação com um Povo; passa pela dimensão comunitária, criando laços de comunhão no seguimento de Jesus e termina na dimensão pessoal, na experiência amorosa de um Deus que nos ama na nossa pobreza. A pesquisa não quis ser um estudo de pneumatologia, mas uma tentativa de uma eclesiologia da experiência, considerando como ação do Espírito de Deus, dentro desta experiência eclesial, tudo que a move e transforma.
Lam, Ka Lai. "The market value of Esprit Holdings Limited." Thesis, University of Macau, 2007. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1637042.
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