Relevant bibliographies by topics / Essential norm

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Essential norm'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Essential norm"

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Medková, Dagmar. "On essential norm of the Neumann operator." Mathematica Bohemica 117, no. 4 (1992): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/mb.1992.126064.

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Leonard, I. E., and K. F. Taylor. "Essential supremum norm differentiability." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 8, no. 3 (1985): 433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171285000473.

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The points of Gateaux and Fréchet differentiability inL∞(μ,X)are obtained, where(Ω,∑,μ)is a finite measure space andXis a real Banach space. An application of these results is given to the spaceB(L1(μ,ℝ),X)of all bounded linear operators fromL1(μ,ℝ)intoX.
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Sharma, Ajay K., Ambika Bhat, Renu Chugh, and Elina Subhadarsini. "Inequalities involving norm and essential norm of weighted composition operators." Journal of Mathematical Inequalities, no. 1 (2017): 225–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/jmi-11-22.

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Mengestie, Tesfa. "Essential norm of the differential operator." Operators and Matrices, no. 1 (2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7153/oam-2019-13-01.

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Raj, Kuldip, and Charu Sharma. "Essential norm of weighted composition operators." Analysis 38, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/anly-2017-0027.

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Abstract In the present paper we characterize the compact, invertible, Fredholm and closed range weighted composition operators on Cesàro function spaces. We also make an effort to compute the essential norm of weighted composition operators.
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Tylli, Hans-Olav. "Duality of the weak essential norm." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 129, no. 5 (October 24, 2000): 1437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-00-05937-2.

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Shapiro, Joel H. "The Essential Norm of a Composition Operator." Annals of Mathematics 125, no. 2 (March 1987): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1971314.

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Shuan, Tang, and Wu Chong. "ESSENTIAL NORM OF THE PULL BACK OPERATOR." Korean Journal of Mathematics 24, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11568/kjm.2016.24.1.15.

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Stević, Stevo. "Norm and essential norm of composition followed by differentiation from -Bloch spaces to." Applied Mathematics and Computation 207, no. 1 (January 2009): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2008.10.032.

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Liu, Xiaosong, and Songxiao Li. "Norm and Essential Norm of a Weighted Composition Operator on the Bloch Space." Integral Equations and Operator Theory 87, no. 3 (February 22, 2017): 309–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00020-017-2349-y.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Essential norm"

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Gaillard, Loïc. "Espaces de Müntz, plongements de Carleson, et opérateurs de Cesàro." Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0406/document.

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Pour une suite ⋀ = (λn) satisfaisant la condition de Müntz Σn 1/λn < +∞ et pour p ∈ [1,+∞), on définit l'espace de Müntz Mp⋀ comme le sous-espace fermé de Lp([0, 1]) engendré par les monômes yn : t ↦ tλn. L'espace M∞⋀ est défini de la même façon comme un sous-espace de C([0, 1]). Lorsque la suite (λn + 1/p)n est lacunaire avec un grand indice, nous montrons que la famille (gn) des monômes normalisés dans Lp est (1 + ε)-isométrique à la base canonique de lp. Dans le cas p = +∞, les monômes (yn) forment une famille normalisée et (1 + ε)-isométrique à la base sommante de c. Ces résultats sont un raffinement asymptotique d'un théorème bien connu pour les suites lacunaires. D'autre part, pour p ∈ [1, +∞), nous étudions les mesures de Carleson des espaces de Müntz, c'est-à-dire les mesures boréliennes μ sur [0,1) telles que l'opérateur de plongement Jμ,p : Mp⋀ ⊂ Lp(μ) est borné. Lorsque ⋀ est lacunaire, nous prouvons que si les (gn) sont uniformément bornés dans Lp(μ), alors μ est une mesure de Carleson de Mq⋀ pour tout q > p. Certaines conditionsgéométriques sur μ au voisinage du point 1 sont suffsantes pour garantir la compacité de Jμ,p ou son appartenance à d'autres idéaux d'opérateurs plus fins. Plus précisément, nous estimons les nombres d'approximation de Jμ,p dans le cas lacunaire et nous obtenons même des équivalents pour certaines suites ⋀. Enfin, nous calculons la norme essentielle del'opérateur de moyenne de Cesàro Γp : Lp → Lp : elle est égale à sa norme, c'est-à-dire à p'. Ce résultat est aussi valide pour l'opérateur de Cesàro discret. Nous introduisons les sous-espaces de Müntz des espaces de Cesàro Cesp pour p ∈ [1, +∞]. Nous montrons que la norme essentielle de l'opérateur de multiplication par Ψ est égale à ∥Ψ∥∞ dans l'espace deCesàro, et à |Ψ(1)| dans les espaces de Müntz-Cesàro
For a sequence ⋀ = (λn) satisfying the Müntz condition Σn 1/λn < +∞ and for p ∈ [1,+∞), we define the Müntz space Mp⋀ as the closed subspace of Lp([0, 1]) spanned by the monomials yn : t ↦ tλn. The space M∞⋀ is defined in the same way as a subspace of C([0, 1]). When the sequence (λn + 1/p)n is lacunary with a large ratio, we prove that the sequence of normalized Müntz monomials (gn) in Lp is (1 + ε)-isometric to the canonical basis of lp. In the case p = +∞, the monomials (yn) form a sequence which is (1 + ε)-isometric to the summing basis of c. These results are asymptotic refinements of a well known theorem for the lacunary sequences. On the other hand, for p ∈ [1, +∞), we investigate the Carleson measures for Müntz spaces, which are defined as the Borel measures μ on [0; 1) such that the embedding operator Jμ,p : Mp⋀ ⊂ Lp(μ) is bounded. When ⋀ is lacunary, we prove that if the (gn) are uniformly bounded in Lp(μ), then for any q > p, the measure μ is a Carleson measure for Mq⋀. These questions are closely related to the behaviour of μ in the neighborhood of 1. Wealso find some geometric conditions about the behaviour of μ near the point 1 that ensure the compactness of Jμ,p, or its membership to some thiner operator ideals. More precisely, we estimate the approximation numbers of Jμ,p in the lacunary case and we even obtain some equivalents for particular lacunary sequences ⋀. At last, we show that the essentialnorm of the Cesàro-mean operator Γp : Lp → Lp coincides with its norm, which is p'. This result is also valid for the Cesàro sequence operator. We introduce some Müntz subspaces of the Cesàro function spaces Cesp, for p ∈ [1, +∞]. We show that the value of the essential norm of the multiplication operator TΨ is ∥Ψ∥∞ in the Cesàaro spaces. In the Müntz-Cesàrospaces, the essential norm of TΨ is equal to |Ψ(1)|
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Terrade, Frédéric. "Les médicaments essentiels dans les pays de l'axe nord-sud." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P182.

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Cheseaux, Clarisse. "Analyse des huiles essentielles de l'algue brune fucus vesiculosus de la Côte Nord du Saint-Laurent /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1988. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Wallot-Hieke, Nora [Verfasser]. "Der ULK1-Komplex in der Autophagieinduktion: essentiell oder unbedeutend? / Nora Wallot-Hieke." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1145231527/34.

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Ciaramella, Laurie. "Échange et délocalisation de la propriété intellectuelle : Essais sur les marchés de brevets." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM077.

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Cette thèse étudie empiriquement les marchés de brevets. Le Chapitre 1 étudie les transferts internationaux de propriété de brevets, par rapport aux régimes de "patent box". Ces régimes fiscaux offrent un taux de taxation réduit sur les revenus liés aux brevets. L'approche empirique du Chapitre 1 met en lumière une utilisation fiscale des marchés de brevets, et analyse ce comportement en tenant compte des caractéristiques et de la flexibilité des politiques fiscales. Le Chapitre 2 s'intéresse aux transferts de brevets essentiels à des normes, qui donnent à leurs propriétaires un large pouvoir de marché et de négociation. Ce chapitre montre l'existence et étudie deux marchés distincts pour les brevets essentiels: le marché pré-déclaration, sur lequel les entreprises échangent de nouvelles technologies, et le marché post-déclaration, sur lequel elles échangent des brevets déjà déclarés comme essentiels. Le Chapitre 3 examine l'effet de la distance géographique entre les parties contractantes sur le timing de l'accord de licence. L'analyse contrôle pour d'autres facteurs affectant le timing du contrat, et montre l'existence d'une caractéristique locale qui nuit aux arguments d'efficacité liés aux marchés de technologie. Le Chapitre 4 développe une méthode systématique pour l'analyse à grande échelle des transferts de propriété de brevets utilisant les registres européens. Cette méthode est appliquée pour effectuer une première analyse économique dans le domaine des technologies médicales
This thesis empirically studies markets for patents.Chapter 1 investigates the international transfers of patent ownership with respect to patent box regimes, which provide advantageous tax schemes for revenues derived from patents. It provides empirical evidence on the use of markets for patents with respect to taxes, and analyses this behaviour regarding the features and the flexibility of fiscal policies.Chapter 2 studies the transfers of Standard-Essential Patents (SEPs), which give their owners large market and bargaining power. It provides empirical evidence on the existence and characteristics of two distinct markets for SEPs: the pre-declaration market, on which firms trade early technologies, and the post-declaration market, on which firms exchange already declared SEPs.Chapter 3 examines the effect of geographical distance between the contracting parties on the timing of the licensing deal. It controls for confounding factors and provides evidence on the existence of a local characteristic undermining the efficiency arguments related to markets for technology.Chapter 4 develops a systematic method for the large-scale analysis of the transfers of patent rights using European registers. It applies this method to derive novel economic evidence on the field of medical technologies
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Van, Bosterhaudt Patrice. "La norme pénale pour lutter contre les atteintes à la nature : vers la reconnaissance d'une valeur essentielle." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOD006.

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Avec l’avènement progressif de l’ère industrielle, l’activité de l’homme a pesé de plus en plus négativement sur l’équilibre des milieux naturels. Il s’en est suivi la construction progressive d’un droit répressif de l’environnement, destiné à lutter contre les atteintes à la nature, mais chroniquement élaboré sur les bases même d’un dispositif de police administrative, un concept assis sur les fondements d’un droit résolument disciplinaire, structurellement et moralement insuffisant pour révéler une valeur essentielle. La responsabilité délictuelle ainsi que le régime de responsabilité environnementale visent à inventer de nouveaux concepts juridiques afin de réparer les atteintes à la nature, mais révèlent de nombreuses limites. Dans ce contexte, la norme pénale, se voulant surtout utilitariste, est à la fois auxiliaire d’un droit administratif et auxiliaire de normes réparatrices, et, demeure sans influence pour faire émerger la valeur réelle de l’intérêt protégé. Il ressort d'une telle analyse que la protection de la nature, en tant que valeur essentielle, ne peut être consacrée que par le recours à un droit pénal efficace établi sur les bases de fondements éthiques compris et acceptés par tous. Cette thèse de droit interne s’inscrit dans une démarche prospective qui voudrait concourir à un tel résultat en tentant de repenser et de restructurer le droit pénal spécial de l’environnement de manière à offrir au juge répressif la possibilité de porter un véritable jugement de valeur sur des atteintes désormais reconnues comme autodestructrices du genre humain lui-même
With the gradual advent of the industrial era, human activity has weighed more negatively on the balance of natural environments. This was followed by the gradual construction of a very repressive law for environment, intended to combat prejudice against nature, but chronically prepared on the very bases of administrative police, a seated concept on the basis of a resolutely disciplinary law, structurally and morally insufficient to reveal an essential value. Tort, as well as environmental liability regime aim to invent new legal concepts in order to redress the damage to nature, but they reveal many limitations.In this context, the criminal standard, meant to be especially utilitarian, is both an auxiliary of administrative right and an auxiliary of remedial standards, and remains without influence in bringing out the real value of the protected interest.It is such an analysis that the protection of nature, as an essential value, may be used only by recourse to an effective criminal law established on the bases of ethical foundations understood and accepted by everybody. This thesis of law fits into a forward-looking approach that would contribute to such an outcome by trying to rethink and restructure the special criminal law of the environment so as to offer the repressive judge the opportunity to exercise a true value judgment on self-destructive and now recognized violations of mankind itself
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Harder, Kenneth J. "Clerical sexual abuse of minors an analysis of the policy of the diocese of Tulsa in comparison with the USCCB essential norms and Sacramentorum sanctitatis tutela /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Soltmann, Wladimir. "Association de la norme technique à l'innovation. Étude de droit de la propriété intellectuelle et de droit de la concurrence." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO30055.

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La norme technique exige parfois de lui associer des innovations faisant l’objet de droits privatifs, au bénéfice de la réalisation de sa mission. De prime abord, la propriété intellectuelle apparaît comme étant un élément perturbateur, impliquant désormais d’examiner l’ « économie » de la norme au moment de son élaboration et de son utilisation et non plus uniquement la technique. Pour éviter la corruption de la norme par des droits privatifs trop contraignants, les organismes de normalisation exigent que seuls les droits privatifs « essentiels » soient associés à la norme. Les critères de l’adhérence réciproque de la norme et de l’innovation structurant leur association, justifient au nom de son « utilité sociale », une adaptation réciproque des régimes juridiques attachés à ses deux composantes. Ainsi l’ « utilité sociale » incarnée par la norme technique impose une adaptation du régime des droits de propriété intellectuelle. Symétriquement, l’innovation « essentielle » à la norme suppose une adaptation du régime de la norme technique à la propriété intellectuelle. Cela donne naissance à deux régimes juridiques substantiellement interpénétrés et structurellement interdépendants. D’une part, les droits privatifs étant « essentiels » à la norme, peuvent être considérés comme des « infrastructures essentielles », justifiant une érosion systémique de leur portée dans le cadre de leur association à la norme. Dans le cadre de l’application de règles de concurrence, cette érosion résulte d’une approche ex post à laquelle se conjugue une approche ex ante, conceptualisée par les conditions FRAND. D’autre part, l’association s’évalue également à l’aune de la propriété privée. Il apparaît que la norme technique devrait être considérée comme étant une chose commune imposant d’aménager, au bénéfice de ses utilisateurs, un accès et une utilisation libre. Cela suppose d’envisager alors l’émergence d’un droit d’utilisation de l’innovation associée à la norme technique
Technical standards may sometimes be associated to innovations covered by proprietary rights. In this case, intellectual property appears to embody a quite disturbing component within the partnership between standardization and innovation. We are thus led to analyse the association economy ; it must be construed as of the creation and the use of the standard rather than to insist on its sole technical aspects. In order to avoid the corruption of the standard by over-restrictive IP rights, standard-setting-organizations require that only "essential" proprietary rights can be associated to a technical standard. Economical and technical criterias of the mutual adherence of the technical standard and the owned innovation – structuring their association – justify in the name of its "social utility", a mutual adaptation of their legal regimes. Therefore, the technical standard’s "social utility" requires an adaptation of the IP rights legal regime. Symmetrically, the essential innovation, included in the standard, requires its fitting to the technical standards legal regime. This results in the rise of two regimes naturally interpenetrated, and structurally interdependent. On the one hand, IP rights "essential" to the standard, can be considered as "essential facilities", justifying a systematic erosion of their spectrum. As part of competition rules implementation, this erosion results from an ex post approach as well as an ex ante approach conceptualized by FRAND terms. On the other hand, the association is also evaluated through the private property perspective. It appears that the technical standard should be considered as a "common", assuming a free access and a free use. It contributes to create a right of use of the owned innovations integrated in technical standard
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Sbihi, Mohammed. "Analyse spectrale de modèles neutroniques." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011072.

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Cette thèse porte principalement sur l'étude spectrale de divers modèles neutroniques. Elle consiste en trois parties complémentaires. La première partie est consacrée aux problèmes d'applications spectrales dans les domaines non bornés, où faute de compacité les méthodes usuelles n'opèrent plus. A l'aide d'arguments d'analyse fonctionnelle sur le spectre critique des semigroupes perturbés nous cernons une large classe de paramètres liés à l'équation pour lesquels le théorème d'application spectrale a lieu. Dans la deuxième partie, nous apportons une nouvelle approche, dite résolvante, de la stabilité des spectres essentiel et critique des semigroupes perturbés dans les espaces de Hilbert. En neutronique, par le biais de cette approche, nous retrouvons des résultats classiques de stabilité de spectre essentiel dans les domaines bornés et nous améliorons certains résultats de la première partie dans les domaines non bornés. La troisième partie traite d'un modèle de collision partiellement élastique introduit par E.W. Larsen et P.F. Zweifel. Afin de dégager le comportement asymptotique en temps grands du semigroupe gouvernant ce modèle nous ferons sa théorie spectrale. Nous étudions les propriétés de compacité à la base de cette théorie, ce qui nous permettra notamment d'obtenir des résultats de stabilité du type essentiel. Nous examinons ensuite les incidences de la positivité : irréductibilité, propriétés de monotonie stricte de la valeur propre principale, réalité du spectre périphérique
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Laffargue, Pascal. "Interactions entre comportement et variations de la croissance des juvéniles de la sole (Solea solea) dans les nourriceries des pertuis Charentais." Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00080739.

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L'objectif de cette thèse était d'identifier certains processus liés au fonctionnement des nourriceries de la
sole Solea solea (L.) dans les pertuis Charentais, bassin ostréicole de 1er rang européen et nourriceries majeures
pour la sole du golfe de Gascogne. Les juvéniles de la sole dépendent d'habitats côtiers et estuariens, ce qui
implique (i) une capacité d'adaptation à la variabilité environnementale de ces milieux et (ii), l'accès à l'intégralité
d'un habitat essentiel au cycle biologique de l'espèce. La nourricerie réalisée rend compte des ajustements que le
poisson doit opérer entre les contraintes liées à l'habitat et sa capacité à gérer ces contraintes, à travers la
sélection des aires de nourrissage, de repos et de refuge. Couplant travaux de terrains et expériences en
mésocosme, des méthodes basées sur des estimateurs intégratifs ont été retenues, taux de croissance, indice de
condition de Fulton et statut endocrine de ces poissons. Ces résultats ont été confrontés à une approche
comportementale visant à déterminer comment les soles utilisent l'espace (pistage par télémétrie acoustique) et
accèdent à la nourriture (régime alimentaire et estimation de la ration en équivalent carbone) dans un habitat sous
influence conchylicole.
La croissance des juvéniles du pertuis Breton, sub-maximale durant la période de croissance rapide, tend
vers un plateau autour de l'équinoxe d'automne. Une expérience en mésocosme confirme que la température in
situ ne peut entraîner ce ralentissement de la croissance. Or en même temps, ces juvéniles présentent une
condition médiocre, les niveaux d'hormones thyroïdiennes circulantes les plus faibles et l'activité alimentaire la plus
basse de l'année. Cet état suggère des contraintes propres à la mer des Pertuis, système de baies semi-fermées
sous influence modérée de panaches estuariens. Il semble qu'un environnement marin moins favorable en fin d'été
et/ou des effets en cascade sur le réseau trophique ne permettent pas à l'intégralité de la classe d'âge 0 d'y grandir
en fonction des potentialités de l'espèce. Dans le contexte climatique actuel néanmoins, une partie d'entre eux est
capable d'hiverner dans ces nourriceries où ils recouvrent des niveaux hormonaux élevés et restaurent leur activité
alimentaire. Les contraintes environnementales des pertuis Charentais, si elles sont d'ordre à moduler la
croissance des soles, ne semblent pas altérer leur comportement. Nous avons pu montrer par une expérience en
mésoscosme que ni l'effet des structures d'élevage, ni celui des modifications d'habitat liées à la biodéposition ne
restreignent l'accès aux zones placées sous emprises ostréicoles. Vérifier ces résultats en mer sera nécessaire
avant de conclure que les juvéniles accèdent à l'intégralité des nourriceries dans les pertuis Charentais. Toutefois,
deux cycles d'alimentation de 30 h dans le pertuis d'Antioche démontrent la capacité de très jeunes soles à ajuster
leurs rythmes d'activité et l'intensité de la prise alimentaire selon, vraisemblablement, le contexte hydrodynamique,
qu'il soit imposé par le cycle des marées de quinzaine ou par le vent. Cela a également permis une première
estimation de la ration journalière des jeunes soles en carbone organique, ce qui permettra de compléter les
modèles de réseau trophique actuellement développés. Enfin, l'infestation importante des soles des pertuis par les
métacercaires d'un Bucephalidae, enkystées dans différents organes sensibles, révèle des interactions biotiques
inattendues. Les cercaires de ce parasite étant propagées par les élevages de moules, cette parasitose donne un
nouvel éclairage aux interactions existant entre la fonction de nourricerie des habitats côtiers et la conchyliculture.
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Books on the topic "Essential norm"

1

Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Essential norms for diocesan/eparchial policies dealing with allegations of sexual abuse of minors by priests or deacons: Comparative text. Washington, DC: United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2002.

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Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee for Sexual Abuse. Promise to protect, pledge to heal: Charter for the protection of children and young people : essential norms : statement of Episcopal commitment. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C: U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2006.

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Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Promise to protect, pledge to heal: Charter for the protection of children and young people : Essential norms : Statement of episcopal commitment. Washington, D.C: U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, 2003.

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Chevanne, Marta, and Riccardo Caldini. Immagini di Istopatologia. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-023-8.

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This collection of images of Histopathology is the fruit of the authors' thirty years' experience in the performance of practical exercises in General Pathology. It is aimed at students attending lessons of General Pathology on the Degree Courses in Medical Surgery and Biological Sciences. It does not aspire either to be complete from the point of view of the various organic pathologies, or to replace direct and personal observation of the histological preparations through the microscope, but is rather intended as an aid to students preparing for the exam. It does not include the rudiments of cytology and microscopic anatomy, which it is assumed have already been mastered by those approaching General Histopathology, nor are histopathological phenomena systematically addressed, for which the reader is referred to textbooks on General Pathology. The 44 preparations presented here have been grouped in line with the main arguments of General Pathology: Cellular Degeneration, Inflammation, Neoplasia both benign and malign, and Vascular Pathology. They have been selected for their didactic significance and the simplicity and clarity of the lesions present, without taking into account the information to be derived from the clinical case history. The images of the preparations, in which the best possible quality of reproduction has been sought, are presented in progressive enlargements and are accompanied by brief descriptions comprising the explanations essential for identification of the characteristic aspects of the elementary lesion, as well as any eventual defects in the preparations themselves. Effectively, the objective of the work is to enable the student to exercise his understanding of the images. For this reason the casuistics included is as essential as possible, and the method of presentation utilised is designed to avoid mere visual memorisation, stimulating first analysis and then synthesis, and the development of individual logical skills so as to indicate whether aspects of cellular pathology, inflammation or neoplasia are present.
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Wall, David. Desiderative Inconsistency, Moore’s Paradox, and Norms of Desire. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199370962.003.0011.

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What is wrong with desiderative inconsistency, having essentially conflicting desires that cannot possibly be satisfied at the same time? It was recently argued that attempts to explain this in terms of logical inconsistency, preventing action, or a failure of rationality are unsuccessful and having such desires is no worse than having desires that merely contingently conflict, if it is bad at all. But in fact having either essentially or contingently conflicting desires involves violating norms of desire, particularly, a norm of avoiding frustration. Appealing to a counterpart of Moore’s Paradox for desire shows this is a genuine norm, and violating it is a mistake of sorts. Furthermore, having essentially conflicting desires violates this norm, makes this mistake, necessarily. This helps explain why having essentially conflicting desires is especially bad, and explaining it in terms of the norms of desire helps us understand the nature of that type of mental state.
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Owen, Stephen. Periodization and Major Inflection Points. Edited by Wiebke Denecke, Wai-Yee Li, and Xiaofei Tian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199356591.013.2.

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Periodization is a function of a virtual literary historical story, organizing selective evidence to support a particular narrative of change. In the Chinese case, the contested variable is the degree to which literary history has autonomy or is one kind of document in a unified narrative of political and cultural history. For macroperiods, technological change is essential, namely, the gradual spread of paper during the second and third centuries ce and the larger adoption of an already existing technology of printing in the tenth century. Large decline and revival narratives were popular, and interpreting literary history in the context of the dynastic cycle became the norm.
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Alexander, J. Risk Evaluation of Essential Trace Elements - Essential Versus Toxic Levels of Intake (Nord: 1995:18). Stationery Office Books, 1995.

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Essential Norn Irish: Yer Man's a to Z Guide to Everyday Banter. O'Brien Press, Limited, The, 2016.

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Bussel, Robert. Epilogue. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252039492.003.0013.

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This epilogue reflects on the legacy of Harold Gibbons and Ernest Calloway. It begins with a discussion of some valuable insights that the two men's experience provides. As far back as the 1960s, Gibbons and Calloway lamented the stagnation of union organizing amid structural changes in the economy that were diluting labor's strength. They thought creatively about how the Teamsters could exercise decisive economic leverage, and their concept of treating workers as total persons might find new political resonance in tackling the work–family divide that has arisen as dual earner families have become a social norm. The epilogue also considers several sobering aspects of Gibbons and Calloway's careers, including the short-lived successes of total person unionism as well as its limited reach, both within St. Louis and elsewhere. Finally, it suggests that Gibbons and Calloway's most powerful legacy was their insistence on the essential interrelationships between work, citizenship, and democracy.
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Madland, David. Re-Union. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501755378.001.0001.

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This book explores how labor unions are essential to all workers. Yet, union systems are badly flawed and in need of rapid changes for reform. The book's multilayered analysis presents a solution — a model to replace the existing firm-based collective bargaining with a larger, industry-scale bargaining method coupled with powerful incentives for union membership. These changes would represent a remarkable shift from the norm, but would be based on lessons from other countries, US history and current policy in several cities and states. In outlining the shift, the book details how these proposals might mend the broken economic and political systems in the United States. It also uses three examples from Britain, Canada, and Australia to explore what there is yet to learn about this new system in other developed nations. The book's practical advice extends to a proposal for how to implement the changes necessary to shift the current paradigm. This powerful call to action speaks directly to the workers affected by these policies — the very people seeking to have their voices recognized in a system that attempts to silence them.
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Book chapters on the topic "Essential norm"

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Kresin, Gershon, and Vladimir Maz’ya. "The norm and the essential norm for double layer vector-valued potentials." In Mathematical Surveys and Monographs, 151–200. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/surv/183/08.

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Wiseman, Geoffrey. "Engaging the Enemy: An Essential Norm for Sustainable US Diplomacy." In Sustainable Diplomacies, 213–34. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230297159_11.

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Mildenberger, Florian G. "Sexualitäten in (Nord)Amerika." In essentials, 29–34. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27848-9_6.

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Durmuş, Elif. "How Human Rights Cross-Pollinate and Take Root: Local Governments and Refugees in Turkey." In Myth or Lived Reality, 123–57. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-447-1_6.

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AbstractThe human rights regime—as law, institutions and practice—has been facing criticism for decades regarding its effectiveness, particularly in terms of unsatisfactory overall implementation and the failure to protect the most vulnerable who do not enjoy the protection of their States: refugees. Turkey is the country hosting the largest refugee population, with around four million at the end of May 2020 (https://www.unhcr.org/tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/14/2020/06/UNHCR-Turkey-Operational-Update-May-2020.pdf). As an administratively centralised country, Turkey’s migration policy is implemented by central government agencies, but this has not proved sufficient to guarantee the human rights of refugees on the ground. Meanwhile, in connection with urbanisation, decentralisation and globalisation, local governments around the world are receiving increasing attention from migration studies, political science, law, sociology and anthropology. In human rights scholarship, the localisation of human rights and the potential role of local governments have been presented as ways to counter the shortcomings in the effectiveness of the human rights regime and discourse. While local governments may have much untapped potential, a thorough analysis of the inequalities between local governments in terms of access to resources and opportunities is essential. The Turkish local governments which form the basis of this research, operate in a context of legal ambiguity concerning their competences and obligations in the area of migration. They also have to deal with large differences when it comes to resources and workload. In practice, therefore, there is extreme divergence amongst municipalities in the extent to which they engage with refugee policies. This chapter seeks to answer the question why and how certain local governments in Turkey come to proactively engage in policy-making that improves the realisation of refugees’ rights. Exploratory grounded field research among Turkish local governments reveals four main factors that enable and facilitate the engagement of local governments in refugee policies: (1) the capacity of and institutionalisation in local governments; (2) the dissemination of practices and norms surrounding good local migration and rights-based governance through networks; (3) the availability of cooperation and coordination with other actors in the field, and (4) political will. Collectively, these factors illustrate how a new norm—the norm that local governments can and ought to engage in policy-making improving the rights of refugees—is cross-pollinating and taking root among Turkish local governments. This understanding will provide valuable insights into how norms are developed, travel and are institutionalised within social and institutional networks, and how differences in access, capacity, political and cooperative opportunities may facilitate and obscure the path to policies improving human rights on the ground.
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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 107–8. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_349.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Osteospermum amplectens (Harv.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 128. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_412.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Osteospermum asperulum (DC.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 129. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_413.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Osteospermum clandestinum (Less.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 129. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_416.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Osteospermum dregei (DC.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 129. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_418.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Osteospermum ecklonis (DC.) T. Norl." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 130. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_419.

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Conference papers on the topic "Essential norm"

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Aksoy, A. G., and H. O. Tylli. "Interpolation of the essential spectrum and the essential norm." In Orlicz Centenary Volume II. Warsaw: Institute of Mathematics Polish Academy of Sciences, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/bc68-0-1.

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Kazerounian, Kazem, and Jahangir Rastegar. "Object Norms: A Class of Coordinate and Metric Independent Norms for Displacements." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0390.

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Abstract Defining a “norm” that quantifies a measure of “distance” for rigid body displacement in plane or space, is essential to many problems in kinematics, dynamics and control of mechanical and manufacturing systems. The norm is an abstraction of our usual concept of the length. The mapping between different generalized coordinate systems used in the analysis or control of systems may also be derived from this norm. All such norms currently used in different analysis are highly sensitive to 1) coordinate systems defined, and 2) metrics defined. A new class of norms is proposed to quantify the distance in the space. These norms are independent of the coordinate systems or metrics used. Its applications indesign, precision manipulation and control, computational kinematics and dynamics, assembly and part mating in manufacturing, space kinematics and dynamics, shape optimization and motion planning are explored.
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Jia, Dawei, Asim Bhatti, and Saeid Nahavandi. "User-Centered Design and Evaluation of an Interactive Visual-Haptic-Auditory Interface: A User Study on Assembly." In ASME 2011 World Conference on Innovative Virtual Reality. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/winvr2011-5562.

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Utilizing user-centred system design and evaluation method has become an increasingly important tool to foster better usability in the field of virtual environments (VEs). In recent years, although it is still the norm that designers and developers are concerning the technological advancement and striving for designing impressive multimodal multisensory interfaces, more and more awareness are aroused among the development team that in order to produce usable and useful interfaces, it is essential to have users in mind during design and validate a new design from users’ perspective. In this paper, we describe a user study carried out to validate a newly developed haptically enabled virtual training system. By taking consideration of the complexity of individual differences on human performance, adoption and acceptance of haptic and audio-visual I/O devices, we address how well users learn, perform, adapt to and perceive object assembly training. We also explore user experience and interaction with the system, and discuss how multisensory feedback affects user performance, perception and acceptance. At last, we discuss how to better design VEs that enhance users perception, their interaction and motor activity.
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Kijevčanin, Ružica. "MEDIJI I NjIHOV UTICAJ NA IZBORE." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.539k.

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The aspiration of every modern state is to establish the rule of law, which incorporates the basic principles on which a free, open and prosperous society should lie. Some of these principles are civil democracy and secret and direct elections. The legal conduct of elections is the basic way to achieve peace and satisfaction among the population, because it puts the exercise of power and the regulation of issues of essential importance under their control. With the development of technology, trends, but also everyday life are changing, so, in addition to elections, the media are synonymous with freedom and citizenship rights. The media are a means of information that introduces citizens to information of various contents, and above all fundamental. Depending on the norm, level of development, protection mechanisms, the media conscientiously perform their function, or do not do it completely. What are the consequences when reporting on a specific phenomenon that is the basis of a healthy society in the first or second case is a central question that we will analyze in this paper. The importance of elections has been continuously confirmed throughout history, while the necessity of the media has been expanding for decades, in the intensity that elevates them to the top and equates them with the election process.
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Kravchenko, Oleg. "Constitutional and legal issues of application of clause 1, part 1, article 39 of the Criminal procedure code of the Russian Federation." In Development of legal systems in Russia and foreign countries: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02061-6-161-167.

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Accurate determination of the place of preliminary investigation indicates adherence to the principle of legality in criminal proceedings and the achievement of goals on the protection of rights and lawful interests of the affected parties, as well as on protection of individual from wrongful and unfounded accusations and restrictions of their rights and freedoms. Science addresses the general questions pertaining to determination of the place of preliminary investigation, but does not give due attention to realization of discretionary powers of the higher investigating authority to determination of the place of preliminary investigation. The article reveals the essential conditions for application of such power by the investigating authority, and analyzes case law for compliance with these conditions. The conclusion is made that legislation does not contain clear and specific rules for determination of the place of preliminary investigation, including the territorial jurisdiction of advocating for the election or extension of pre-trial detention. The author describes the flaws in legal regulation associated with the possibility of determination of jurisdiction of a case in administrative proceedings, by means of law enforcement decision prior to the emergence of legal situation (for example, before submission of a request for the election or extension of pre-trial detention) by lowering the rank of investigating authority, for example to district level. From the practical perspective, elimination of such flaws should facilitate the proper application of the corresponding legal norm, as well as accurate determination of the place of preliminary investigation.
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ADAMOVICS, Aleksandrs, and Liena POIŠA. "EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL CONTENT IN DIFFERENT ENERGY CROPS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.143.

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For energy crops (reed canary grass and timothy grass), it is important to evaluate the sulphur and carbon content, and the harvested dry matter dependency on the fertilizer norm. Sulphur and carbon are important elements of a combustible material, and carbon is directly important as it forms the burning component. On the other hand, sulphur is an unwelcome element in combustible materials as it promotes environmental pollution. The field trials were carried out in sod calcareous soils in 2011–2013. A research was conducted to investigate the chemical content of two grasses: reed canary grass var. ‘Bamse’ (Phalaris arundinacea L.), and timothy grass ‘Jumis’ (Phleum pratense L.). Fertiliser norms (kg ha-1) applied in the research were: N0P0K0 (control), N30, N60, and N90. The harvest yield is one of the most important factors to obtain biocombustible materials; however, it does not mean that the amount of the harvest yield guarantees also a good quality of grasses. The research showed that the trial year had the most significant influence on both the sulphur yield and content in dry matter, the fertiliser norm essentially influenced the sulphur (η=30.1%) and carbon (η=6.5%) yield, but for the sulphur yield, a 6% interaction effect was established between the trial year and the nitrogen fertilizer norm.
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Chattha, Javed A., Mohammad S. Khan, and Anwar ul-Haque. "Micro-Hydro Power Systems: Current Status and Future Research in Pakistan." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81148.

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The total installed electric power capacity of Pakistan is about 20,000 MW. Pakistan is currently facing a power deficit of about 4,000 MW. This deficit is creating huge difficulties for the consumers as electrical power load shedding has become a norm in all over the country. Currently only about 33% of the total power is being produced by hydro sources and major electric power is still produced by burning oil and gas. The hydro potential of Pakistan is estimated to be about 41 GW, out of which 1,290 MW can be generated by micro-hydro systems. These potential off grid micro-hydro systems are very essential for the consumers living in the remote areas of Pakistan and may be installed on canals and water falls which are abundant in the remote areas. This paper discusses the potential and the status of installed of hydro power systems in Pakistan. Cross flow turbines are being manufactured in Pakistan and are usually quite successful for micro-hydro systems. However, cross flow turbines are not suitable for majority of the prospective site conditions. Furthermore, custom made conventional turbines are not mass produced and for the micro-hydro systems, standard centrifugal pumps may be used as turbines. These centrifugal pumps are easily available in the market at comparatively much lower cost and shorter delivery periods. A pump was installed at a suitable site for generation of electricity, while running in turbine mode. It was initially estimated that the Pump as Turbine, PaT would be able to generate about 70 kW of power based on the available flow rate and head parameters at the site. Currently only half of that power is being generated by the PaT, under study. Efforts are underway to rectify the problems being faced and improve the power generation capacity of the installed unit. This paper discusses the problems associated with the use of PaT and measures being undertaken to make it feasible for the use of micro-hydro systems. Two major issues; draft tube design and presence of trash in the canal water, responsible for performance deterioration have been discussed in this paper.
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Meade, J. B., C. M. Noyes, and F. C. Church. "IDENTIFICATION OF LYSINES IN HUMAN THROMBIN ESSENTIAL FOR HEPARIN BINDING AND CLOTTING ACTIVITY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644662.

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We are studying human thrombin (IIa) in order to determine the significance of particular amino acid residues critical for interaction with various substrates and cofactors.Previously, we demonstrated the importance of lysyl residues of Ila during interaction with heparin as well as fibrinogen (Griffith, M.J., (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254:3401; Church, F.C., et al., (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260:4936). Identification of these essential lysyl residues in Ila has been approached by chemical modification using the amino group-specific reagent pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) in the presence and absence of heparin. Ila phosphopyri-doxylated in the absence of heparin (unprotected) showed approximately 2 mols of PLP incorporated per mol of Ila and had greatly reduced inhibition by antithrombin III (ATIII)-heparin as well as reduced clotting activity. Ila phosphopyridoxylated in the presence of heparin (protected) showed approximately 1 mol of PLP incorporated per mol of Ila and had reduced clotting activity but essentially normal inhibition by ATIII-heparin. Both modified thrombins showed normal inhibition by ATIII and heparin cofactor II in the absence of heparin at 25×C and pH 8.0 with apparent second-order rate constant values ranging from 3-5 × 10-5 and 4-6 × 10-4 M-1 min-1, respectively. In contrast to native Ila, neither protected nor unprotected PLP-Ila derivatives bound to a fibrin monomer-agarose column equilibrated at 25×C with 50 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM NaCl, pH 7.4. Samples of both modified thrombins were reductively denatured, S-carboxymethylated, and hydrolyzed with trypsin at 37×C. The resultant peptide mixtures were separated using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Peptides showing a high degree of PLP incorporation were sequenced by automated Edman degradation and the modified lysyl residues were identified in the primary sequence of Ila. In unprotected-IIa, lysyl residues 21, 65, 174 and 252 of the B-chain were modified. In heparin-protected-IIa, only Lys 21 and 65 of the B-chain were modified. These results suggest that Lys 174 and 252 of the B-chain of thrombin are essential for binding to heparin and that Lys 21 and/or 65 are essential for clotting activity.
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Dehandschutter, B., L. Jadoul, K. Mannaerts, S. Pepin, A. Poffijn, W. Blommaert, and M. Sonck. "Overview of Radium Legacies in Belgium." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59367.

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The Belgian metallurgical company, Union Minie`re, has been a key-player in the sector of radium production between 1922 and 1969. The factory based in Olen has extracted radium from minerals and produced radium sources during that period. The radium production facilities have been dismantled in the 70s but legacies of the former production have still to be remediated. An overview of these legacies and of their radiological characteristics will be given. Next to the sites related to radium production, other radium legacies are related to NORM industries, essentially from the phosphate sector (phosphogypsum and CaF2 stacks).
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Wang, Xiuling, Darrell W. Pepper, Brenda Buck, and Dirk Goossens. "Constructing 3-D Wind Fields for Nellis Dunes in Nevada." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-68863.

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An h-adaptive, mass consistent finite element model (FEM) is used to construct 3-D wind fields over irregular terrain utilizing sparse meteorological tower data. The element size in the computational domain is dynamically controlled by a–posteriori error estimator based on the L2 norm. In the h-adaptive FEM algorithm, large element sizes are typically associated with computational regions where the flow is smooth and small errors; small element sizes are attributed to fast changing flow regions and large errors. The adaptive procedure uses mesh refinement/unrefinement to satisfy error criteria. The application of a mass consistent approach essentially poses a least-squares problem in the computational domain. Preliminary results are obtained for constructing 3-D wind fields for Nellis Dunes in Nevada.
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Reports on the topic "Essential norm"

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Thompson, Alison, Nathan M. Stall, Karen B. Born, Jennifer L. Gibson, Upton Allen, Jessica Hopkins, Audrey Laporte, et al. Benefits of Paid Sick Leave During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.25.1.0.

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Multiple jurisdictions have adopted or adapted paid sick leave policies to reduce the likelihood of employees infected with SARS-CoV-2 presenting to work, which can lead to the spread of infection in workplaces. During the COVID-19 pandemic, paid sick leave has been associated with an increased likelihood of workers staying at home when symptomatic. Paid sick leave can support essential workers in following public health measures. This includes paid time off for essential workers when they are sick, have been exposed, need to self-isolate, need time off to get tested, when it is their turn to get vaccinated, and when their workplace closes due to an outbreak. In the United States, the introduction of a temporary paid sick leave, resulted in an estimated 50% reduction in the number of COVID-19 cases per state per day. The existing Canada Recovery Sickness Benefit (CRSB) cannot financially protect essential workers in following all public health measures, places the administrative burden of applying for the benefit on essential workers, and neither provides sufficient, nor timely payments. Table 1 lists the characteristics of a model paid sick leave program as compared with the CRSB. Implementation of the model program should be done in a way that is easy to navigate and quick for employers.
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Rost, Lucia, Amber Parkes, and Andrea Azevedo. Measuring and Understanding Unpaid Care and Domestic Work: Household Care Survey Toolkit. Oxfam, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6775.

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This toolkit provides guidance on using Oxfam’s Household Care Survey (HCS) methodology, which was developed by Oxfam as part of the WE-Care initiative to transform the provision of unpaid care and domestic work (UCDW). UCDW underpins all our lives yet is overwhelmingly provided by women and girls. Recognising UCDW is essential for any initiative that aims to understand and address gender inequality. The HCS is a quantitative survey tool that generates context-specific evidence on how women, men and children spend their time, how care is provided, by whom, and the main factors that affect people’s responsibilities for UCDW, such as access to care services, infrastructure and social norms. The HCS can be used to generate a baseline, or to measure the impact of a specific policy or programme. The methodology can be integrated into different projects with different objectives and adjusted for use in various contexts. The HCS toolkit is designed to be used by development practitioners, policy makers, employers, academics and researchers. Part A provides guidance for planning, collecting, analysing and using HCS data. Part B provides guidance for understanding, adjusting and using the HCS questions. Both sections should be read before undertaking the survey.
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