Relevant bibliographies by topics / Established firm

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Established firm'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Established firm"

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Hudson, Roger L., and Angeline W. McArthur. "Contracting Strategies in Entrepreneurial and Established Firms." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 18, no. 3 (1994): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225879401800304.

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Entrepreneurial and established firms need different contracting strategies because they operate in different environments. Established firms operate in an environment of economic equilibrium, whereas entrepreneurial firms operate in an environment of economic disequilibrium. A general contracting model is developed that takes into account risk, environmental context, governance structure, safeguards, transaction costs, and transaction justice. The model is used to develop hypotheses about how entrepreneurial and established firms’ contracting strategies differ and how contracting strategies lead to firm success or failure.
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Cater, John, and Andreas Schwab. "Turnaround Strategies in Established Small Family Firms." Family Business Review 21, no. 1 (2008): 31–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2007.00113.x.

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This study employs a case-study approach to identify unique characteristics of established small family firms that affect their ability to initiate turnaround strategies when encountering an organizational crisis. In our case studies, we found evidence for family firms employing the standard strategies of top-management changes, infusion of external management expertise, and retrenchment that have been proposed in the general turnaround literature. The implementation of these strategies was, however, moderated by eight characteristics generally associated with family firms, including strong ties to the family firm, internal orientation, altruistic motives, and long-term goal orientation. The introduced framework contributes to a more fine-grained understanding of the turnaround challenges of established family firms and how they can be addressed. This is a topic of substantial practitioner interest considering the high failure rates of family firms.
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Peterson, Suzanne J., Fred O. Walumbwa, Kristin Byron, and Jason Myrowitz. "CEO Positive Psychological Traits, Transformational Leadership, and Firm Performance in High-Technology Start-up and Established Firms." Journal of Management 35, no. 2 (2008): 348–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206307312512.

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This study examines the relationships among positive psychological traits (hope, optimism, resiliency), transformational leadership, and firm performance in high-technology start-up (n = 49) and established firm (n = 56) contexts, using structural equation modeling. Results reveal that the positive psychological traits of CEOs positively relate to transformational leadership ratings. Furthermore, the extent to which leaders are rated as transformational fully mediates the relationship between the leaders' positive psychological traits and their firms' performance. Last, transformational leadership is more strongly related to firm performance in start-up than in established firms. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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Su, Zhongfeng, En Xie, and Yuan Li. "Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance in New Ventures and Established Firms." Journal of Small Business Management 49, no. 4 (2011): 558–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627x.2011.00336.x.

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Foss, Nicolai J., and Jacob Lyngsie. "The strategic organization of the entrepreneurial established firm." Strategic Organization 12, no. 3 (2014): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476127014543262.

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Sohl, Timo. "The Diversification of Established Firms into Emerging Market Economies and Firm Performance." Academy of Management Proceedings 2012, no. 1 (2012): 12977. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2012.12977abstract.

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M, Arthur-Aidoo B., Aigbavboa C, and Thwala W. D. "Evaluating Entrepreneurial Features of Firm's Growth Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 9, no. 3(J) (2017): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v9i3(j).1756.

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The growth of Small and medium-size firms cannot ensue without the entrepreneurial features and the environment that the firm operates. The entrepreneurial characteristics, therefore, are vital due to the unique individualism of firm owners or sponsors. Construction SME growth-oriented firms are a significant contributor to Ghana's economic gain. Conversely, the concept of growth varies from one entrepreneur to the others depending on the exhibited skills by the entrepreneurs, hence entrepreneurial features. Numerous factors influence the entrepreneurial features as a factor of firm’s growth. Some are of the factors are established and categorised as having strong influence while others are classified weak. This study, therefore, adopted the confirmatory factor analytical technique to justify the factors after exploring. To achieve the goal of the study, respondents such as firm owners, SME managers and construction professionals engaged by SMEs as the population were administered with questionnaires. In all, 315 questionnaires were given out in the form of semi-structured structured, but only 228 were retrieved for analysis representing a responds rate of 72 percent. The study established Cronbach alpha and composite reliability values that predicted the entrepreneurial feature as a subsequent determinant of firm’s growth. Additionally, the hypothesis was supported statistically suggesting that there is a direct relationship between entrepreneurial features and firm growth.
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De Araújo Burcharth, Ana Luiza, and John Parm Ulhøi. "Structural Approaches to Organizing for Radical Innovation in Established Firms." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 12, no. 2 (2011): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2011.0025.

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Management research has consolidated around the idea that organic structures (typically found in start-ups and young firms) are better at generating novel ideas and products, while mechanistic ones (typically found in established companies) are better at generating incremental improvements. Therefore, the usual recommendation to established firms with the goal of producing radical innovations is to develop them outside the firm itself. This paper questions this ‘standard solution’ and discusses alternative organizational approaches to producing radical innovation that avoid extreme forms of separation and relate to critical contextual issues. The paper ends with a discussion of implications for managers.
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Henrekson, Magnus, and Tino Sanandaji. "Measuring Entrepreneurship: Do Established Metrics Capture Schumpeterian Entrepreneurship?" Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 44, no. 4 (2019): 733–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042258719844500.

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We compile four hand-collected measures of high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship (venture capital-funded IPOs, self-made billionaire entrepreneurs, unicorn start-ups, and young top global firms founded by individual entrepreneurs) and six measures dominated by small business activity as well as institutional and economic variables for 64 countries. Factor analysis reveals that a great deal of the variation is accounted for by two distinct factors: one relating to high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship and the other relating to small business activity. Except for the World Bank measure of firm registration of limited liability companies, quantity-based measures tend to be inappropriate proxies for high-impact Schumpeterian entrepreneurship.
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Burton, M. Diane, Michael S. Dahl, and Olav Sorenson. "Do Start-ups Pay Less?" ILR Review 71, no. 5 (2017): 1179–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019793917747240.

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The authors analyze Danish registry data from 1991 to 2006 to determine how firm age and firm size influence wages. Unadjusted statistics suggest that smaller firms paid less than larger firms paid, and that firm age had little or no bearing on wages. After adjusting for differences in the characteristics of employees hired by these firms, however, they observe both firm age and firm size effects. Larger firms paid more than did smaller firms for observationally equivalent individuals but, contrary to conventional wisdom, younger firms paid more than older firms. The size effect, however, dominates the age effect. Thus, although the typical start-up—being both young and small—paid less than a more established employer, the largest start-ups paid a wage premium.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Established firm"

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Value creation of firm-established brand communities." Wiesbaden Gabler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997539674/04.

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Wang, Yaming. "Starting a new software business in an established firm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43108.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-62).<br>The purpose of this research is to provide an academic study to facilitate and improve the establishment and running of Expression Business Unit in Microsoft's Developer Division. This business unit was created in 2005 to help Microsoft expand into the computer-aided designer market. New business creation within the existing business is commonly called corporate entrepreneurship. This thesis will review the literatures in this area and use the Expression business as a case study.This thesis documents the efforts of a company starting a new business based on the research in business, organization and product. The principle study areas of this project are (1) How to collect market data, conduct market research and competitive strategy analysis for a new business (2) Build a business plan for a corporate venture (3) How to organize an effective corporate venture (4) The similarities and differences between start a start-up company and start a new venture in an established firm.Most of materials used in this thesis are from the author's personal involvement, internal Microsoft presentations, the author's interviews and meetings with key stakeholders involved in this new Business Unit. This project uses academic research to identify the existing theories and practices on corporate venturing. Through the research, this project also details the problems raised in the planning phase.In the end, the author will propose improvements to the current business planning. The improvement is built on top of the existing business and product planning framework, with the intents to enhance Expression venture's product and market areas. Also several areas requires further study have been outlined.<br>by Yaming Wang.<br>S.M.
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Tomas, Adam. "Product Digitalization from the Perspective of an Established Manufacturing Firm." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104945.

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This thesis set out to investigate what motivates an established manufacturing firm to add smart and connectivity features into its products and what considerations are made when doing so. Such a firm was used as a case study object, a firm that is considering digitalization in one of its product areas but has not yet finalized the strategy on how to move forward. The qualitative study was made using semi-structured interviews which included mostly respondents from this organization, but also respondents representing the customers as small company entrepreneurs.  A literature study was conducted to better define the subject of product digitalization. Previous research on smart and connected products as well as related business and market theories were identified as relevant, as well as literature on digital transformation. Based on the literature study, a theoretical framework was formulated in the form of an iterative model on product digitalization, where the business and market mechanics are included. A qualitative case study was then conducted in the form of semi-structured interviews, with topics considered relevant based on the literature study. The empirical data shows many similarities compared to the current literature on the topic. The literature study has identified these aspects as relevant to be considered by an established manufacturing firm and compared them with the case study firm: ·       Digital vision – with clear intent and outcome for both the business and the customer ·       Customer intimacy – services related to smart and connected products will increase the intimacy to the end customer ·       Business model – product sales business model will be transformed by servitization ·       Technology content – smart and connected products need integration of new technologies, such as hardware, software and data management ·       Capabilities – necessary capabilities and the ability to integrate and coordinate these ·       Competitive strategy – using digital technology to gain competitive advantage.  ·       Technology acceptance –what technologies are accepted by the customers and why The case study shows that the firm have identified several key areas affected by product digitalization. Many of these aspects are considered when making strategic decisions, and the members of the organization are including most of them when building scenarios. One area of concern is the ability to integrate and coordinate all necessary functions, both for technology and services. Another is the switch in mindset going from a predictable product business model to a innovate digital one. Offering services will bring them into more direct contact with the customers, and possibly change the role of the dealership network.
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Uddenberg, Anders. "Growth in established SMEs : Exploring the innovative and ambitious firm." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-114396.

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The growth of firms is a complex but relevant subject for different stakeholders, such as owners, who want returns on their investment, and society, where firms are vessels for jobs and job creation. Despite the vast amount of research conducted on firm growth and factors associated with firm growth, there is no coherent body of knowledge, and the average firm is not growing. This research focuses on growth in established small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), i.e. firms that have passed the startup phase and have established themselves on the market. The purpose is to investigate the characteristics of high-growth established SMEs with special focus on the entrepreneur’s growth ambitions and the role of innovation activities for firm growth. The data was collected from 88 established SMEs in which interviews were conducted with CEOs, owners, managers, and employees. A questionnaire was used which included questions regarding factors previously linked to firm growth such as resources, market factors, organizational factors, innovation, and attitude toward firm growth. The results show that growth ambitions have a limited impact on firm growth, and that growth ambitions alone are not a good predictor of firm growth. When high-growth firms were compared to the average established SME, there was no difference in the level the managers of the firms were seeking growth. Neither lack of growth, nor high growth, can be explained by the managers’ perception of the firm’s possibility to grow. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the difference in growth rates is attributed to different levels of growth opportunities. Instead, this research shows that what distinguishes high-growth firms from the average, non-growing firms are factors associated with innovation, the market, and customer knowledge. The high-growth firms were found to be significantly better at identifying and delivering on unfilled demands. However, no evidence suggests that the high-growth firms had exclusive access to new technology they could leverage as a means to grow faster, and both groups believed there to be plenty of market opportunities and possibilities to create growing niches. If the difference between high growth and no growth in established SMEs is associated with external factors related to innovation, market and customers, it is interesting that when growth ambitions increase, so does the internal focus on organizational structures and systems. Ambitious entrepreneurs who seek firm growth should therefore not lose sight of external factors, and strive to quickly deal with increased internal complexity that accompanies firm growth.<br>Tillväxt i företag är ett komplext forskningsområde, ofta utan enkla svar och ibland med motstridiga resultat. Samtidigt är tillväxt relevant både för företagets ägare som strävar efter avkastning, och för samhället då växande företag skapar sysselsättning. Trots omfattande forskning är kunskapen om tillväxt fortfarande spretig, och ett genomsnittligt företag växer inte. Denna studie fokuserar på tillväxt i etablerade små och medelstora företag (SMF), d.v.s. företag som har passerat uppstartsfasen och lyckats etablera sig på marknaden. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad som utmärker snabbväxande etablerade företag med ett speciellt fokus på entreprenörens tillväxtambitioner och innovationers påverkar på tillväxt. Det empiriska underlaget består av intervjuer genomförda i 88 etablerade SMF där de tillfrågade har varit VD, ägare, mellanchefer, och anställda. De intervjuade har besvarat frågor knutna till tillväxt, såsom resurser, marknad, organisation, innovation, och attityden till tillväxt. Studien visar att tillväxtambitioner har en begränsad påverkan på tillväxt. Det är därmed problematiskt att använda tillväxtambitioner för att förklara tillväxt i SMF. När snabbväxande företag jämfördes mot genomsnittliga SMF var det ingen skillnad i hur dessa två grupper strävade efter tillväxt. Varken utebliven tillväxt, eller snabb tillväxt, kan alltså förklaras av företagsledarnas syn på företagets möjligheter att växa eller mängden tillväxtmöjligheter. Istället visar denna studie att det som särskiljer snabbväxande etablerade SMF från genomsnittliga, icke växande, företag är faktorer knutna till innovation, marknad, och företagens kunskap om sina kunder. De snabbast växande företagen var betydligt bättre på att identifiera nya krav och utnyttja den efterfråga som fanns. Noterbart är att de snabbväxande företagen inte hade exklusiv tillgång till ny teknik som de kunde utnyttja för att växa, utan de båda grupperna var jämförbara avseende denna. Båda grupperna ansåg också att det fanns gott om möjligheter på marknaden och att det gick att skapa växande nischer. Om skillnaden mellan tillväxt och icke tillväxt i etablerade företag till stor del kan förklaras av externa faktorer relaterade till innovation, marknad och kunder är det intressant att konstatera att företagen med högst tillväxtambitioner istället fokuserar internt på strukturer och system. Ambitiösa entreprenörer som söker tillväxt bör prioritera externa faktorer och sträva efter att snabbast möjligt hantera den ökade komplexiteten som tillväxt för med sig.
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Barradas, Cláudia Sofia Carrilho. "When are the most sucessful matches between worker and firm established?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4493.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira<br>This dissertation investigates the role of the external labor market conditions on job matching quality, proxied by real wages and tenure. First, it assesses the impact of current and initial unemployment rates on wages determination. It presents evidence that real wages tend to react in a procyclical way and there is a learning process of match quality that decreases the impact of the business cycle on real wages. Through a duration model, I show that jobs initiated during an economic downturn tend to last less than those initiated during an expansion. Then, applying a multinomial model to real wages and tenure quartiles, I demonstrate a positive impact of the unemployment rate prevailing at the start of the job for those who receive higher wages and those who have longer tenures relatively to those at the bottom of the match quality. It also presents empirical evidence supporting the prediction that jobs initiated during recessions tend to have larger real wages adjustments, especially, when the business cycle improves.<br>Este estudo tem como principal objectivo analisar a importância do ciclo económico na qualidade das relações laborais, sendo, para este efeito, consideradas como próximas, os salarios reais e a duração do emprego. Numa primeira fase, demonstra-se que os salários reais reagem de forma pró-cíclica as taxas de desemprego observadas no início e ao longo do contrato de trabalho, e que existe um processo de apren¬dizagem da qualidade da relação laboral que atenua o impacto negativo do ciclo económico nos salários reais. Recorrendo a um modelo de duração, comprova-se que as relações laborais formadas durante recessões tendem a ter menor duração do que aquelas estabelecidas durante expansões. Numa segunda fase, através de um modelo multinomial, demonstra-se que existe um efeito positivo do ciclo económico para os trabalhadores que recebem salários mais elevados e tem maior estabilidade no emprego, quando comparados com aqueles que se situam no quartil mais baixo em termos de qualidade da relação laboral. Para concluir, e apresentada evidencia empírica de que as relações laborais iniciadas durante fases de recessão tendem a apresentar maiores ajustamentos salariais, sobretudo quando o ciclo recupera.
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Czernich, Christian. "When ideas meet organizations : the survival of entrepreneurial ventures inside the established firm." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institute of International Business (IIB), 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1105.

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Eric, Abrahamsson. "Growing Up : A study of a firm’s transition from entrepreneurial to well-established." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260758.

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Finding ways of creating job opportunities is a commonly discussed topic among policy makers, especially in the context of the struggling world economy. Studies have shown that small firms, in particular young high-growth firms greatly contribute to job creation (Barba 2014; Birch, 1987; Lawless, 2014). However, research show that there is a gap between the view scholars in the field of entrepreneurship has of measures of firm growth and how practitioners perceive the same (Achtenhagen et al., 2010). Connecting scholars understanding and view of growth to that of practitioners will be important to drive growth. Studies on firm growth do exist, however empirical studies on the changes during growth remain sparse. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the internal activities and processes that occur in a firm during growth. By investigating a firm on a micro-level, this study will contribute to the understanding of which activities take place in a firm when it goes from being small and entrepreneurial to become a well-established player. This thesis main contribution to research is the adding of empirical depth and understanding of the processes and activities taking place when a firm grows.
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Sibanyoni, Lebogang Sooka. "Virtuous and vicious cycles: Managerial capabilities, strategy processes, and firm capabilities in established South African insurers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80520.

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The path towards successfully transforming established and successful firms in the 21st century remains a subject of much debate among strategic managers. This research report attempts to provide clarity to aspects of this debate that relate to managerial capabilities. It propounds on the interrelations between top management capabilities and the capabilities of firms. Specifically, the top management and the capabilities they possess. The capabilities that predominate the functioning of a firm. Including the perspectives of top management and institutionalised processes that strategies are both formed and implemented through. The qualitative inquiry was composed of fifteen in-depth interviews. These narratives were subjected to a content and thematic analysis. The deduced themes and constructs offered insights into dynamic managerial capabilities. Along with the processes through which they function as these firms pursue their adopted transformation strategies. The outcomes were two-fold. A map of the dominant configurations of both firm and managerial capabilities, and their associated default schools of strategy thought. Highlighting the likely existence of strategic management gaps constraining the transformative capacity of South Africa’s established insurers. The proposal of a model theorising the relationship between the dynamic managerial capabilities and the firm capabilities was also proffered.<br>Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2020.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>MPhil<br>Unrestricted
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Gurling, Catherine. "Resources and entrepreneurial capability within boards of directors in established smaller independent firms : sources of innovation and firm growth in the UK plastic processing industry." Thesis, Aston University, 2006. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10906/.

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Woestman, Joanne T. 1965. "An application of technology strategy tools to the introduction of alternatively powered automobiles to worldwide markets by an established firm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91713.

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Books on the topic "Established firm"

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Singh, S. Entry conditions and the established firm. University of Reading, 1999.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler Verlag / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden, 2009.

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Banks, Herbert C. Albuquerque Fire Dept.: Established 1900. Edited by Turner Publishing Co. Turner Pub. Co., 2003.

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Department, Inc Fairfax Volunteer Fire. Fairfax Volunteer Fire Department, established 1928. Taylor Pub. Co., 1997.

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The Cinderella of the arts: A short history of Sangorski & Sutcliffe a London bookbinding firm established in 1901 including the story of the Great Omar a jewelled binding of the Ruba'iyat of Omar Khayyam lost on the Titanic in 1912. Shepherds, 2015.

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Henderson, Rebecca. "Generational" innovation: The reconfiguration of existing systems and the failure of established firms. Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989.

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Smith, Clayton G. Established companies diversifying into young industries: A comparison of firms with different levels of performance. Institute for Research in the Behavioral, Economic, and Management Sciences, Krannert Graduate School of Management, Purdue University, 1986.

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Hidalgo, Santiago, ed. Technology and Film Scholarship. Amsterdam University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089647542.

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This volume brings together a wide range of research on the ways in which technological innovations have established new and changing conditions for the experience, study and theorization of film. Drawn from the IMPACT film conference (The Impact of Technological Innovations on the Historiography and Theory of Cinema) held in Montreal in 2011, the book includes contributions from such leading figures in the field as Tom Gunning, Charles Musser, Jan Olsson and Vinzenz Hediger.
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Leiblein, Michael J. Building a foreign sales base: The role of capabilities and alliances for entrepreneurial and established semiconductor firms. INSEAD, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Established firm"

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Concept and Methodology of Empirical Analysis." In Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9_4.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Summary and Outlook." In Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9_5.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Introduction." In Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9_1.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Literature Review." In Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9_2.

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Wiegandt, Philipp. "Derivation of Hypotheses." In Value Creation of Firm-Established Brand Communities. Gabler, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-8460-9_3.

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Adapa, Sujana, Alison Sheridan, and Subba Reddy Yarram. "Established Growing Firms." In Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60559-9_7.

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Adapa, Sujana, Alison Sheridan, and Subba Reddy Yarram. "Established Plateaued Firms." In Entrepreneurship in Regional Communities. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60559-9_8.

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Sotiriou, Maria. "Epilogue: Productive Collisions—Blue-Sky Science and Today’s Innovations." In The Economics of Big Science. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52391-6_19.

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Abstract The London School of Economics (LSE) joins CERN as an established partner of the Future Circular Collider (FCC) Study, a project that touches many fields in and beyond physics. This volume coincides with the first steps of Horizon Europe in hopes of informing research and innovation planning. The challenges and scepticism facing Big Science were discussed but, despite them, we stand firm in support of the society-wide benefit of scientific projects of such magnitude. In concluding this volume, this article sums these perspectives, drawn from the joint CERN-LSE Alumni Association Belgium workshop held in 2019. Earlier, wider and greater benefits flow from Big, multi-disciplinary Science. These benefits are greatest when the core project is developed in open interaction with youth, local and global communities, engaging ecosystems capable of nurturing early spin-off innovation.
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Keddie, Joseph L., and Alexander F. Routh. "Established and Emerging Techniques of Studying Latex Film Formation." In Fundamentals of Latex Film Formation. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2845-7_2.

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Nikolova, Natalia. "Established models of the client-consultant interaction." In The Client-Consultant Relationship in Professional Business Service Firms. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24376-0_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Established firm"

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Branchini, L., and H. Perez-Blanco. "Computing Gas Turbine Fuel Consumption to Firm Up Wind Power." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68046.

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As wind power installed capacities increase, it is necessary to deal with the inevitable variability of renewables. Some of that variability can undoubtedly be predicted, but some will in all probability remain unpredictable. In either case, reserve power must be made available. It is clear that the ramp rates that the reserve power must meet will stress technology and call for part-load operation at reduced efficiencies. In the present work, we use a gas turbine (GT) dynamic models to simulate the provision of firm power in the Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Maryland grid, PJM. Rowen GT models [1, 2], well established in the literature, are modified to take into account GT ramp rates constrains and fuel consumption at full and partial load, as well as during startup and shutdown. The GTs operational requirements for two summer days in the PJM area are determined, by selecting their number and capacities to result on at least a few units operating at full load. The dynamic models [1, 2] are implemented in the VisSim simulation environment. The results of the work show how the chosen GTs must be operated to provide firm power. Although the operational strategy determined in this paper meets the firm power, in two occasions during the day excess power is produced during a few minutes, to avoid ramping the units down too fast.
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Marion, Tucker J., and Timothy W. Simpson. "On the Use of a Simplified New Product Development Process in an Early-Stage Firm." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34696.

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Disciplined product development has been a hallmark of mature companies for many decades, resulting in shorter development cycles, reduced costs, and higher quality products. Unfortunately, these tools and processes have typically been applied in large, well-established firms, not start-up companies. In this paper, we describe a simplified new product development process for early-stage firms and its application to a consumer product in which the process was executed during a 14-month development cycle. The process consists of 15-steps in 3-phases, two decision gates, and provides a step-by-step guide for development, with specific call-outs as to what, when, and where tools such as market segmentation, platform planning, industrial design, and cost modeling should be applied. The proposed process is applied to design a new consumer product, and the case study results are discussed with specific emphasis on costs, duration, and applicability of the process and its related engineering tools. Finally, we conclude with comments on the limitations of the proposed process, potential improvements, and future work.
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Cheung, Yun Kuen, Stefanos Leonardos, and Georgios Piliouras. "Learning in Markets: Greed Leads to Chaos but Following the Price is Right." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/16.

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We study learning dynamics in distributed production economies such as blockchain mining, peer-to-peer file sharing and crowdsourcing. These economies can be modelled as multi-product Cournot competitions or all-pay auctions (Tullock contests) when individual firms have market power, or as Fisher markets with quasi-linear utilities when every firm has negligible influence on market outcomes. In the former case, we provide a formal proof that Gradient Ascent (GA) can be Li-Yorke chaotic for a step size as small as Θ(1/n), where n is the number of firms. In stark contrast, for the Fisher market case, we derive a Proportional Response (PR) protocol that converges to market equilibrium. The positive results on the convergence of the PR dynamics are obtained in full generality, in the sense that they hold for Fisher markets with any quasi-linear utility functions. Conversely, the chaos results for the GA dynamics are established even in the simplest possible setting of two firms and one good, and they hold for a wide range of price functions with different demand elasticities. Our findings suggest that by considering multi-agent interactions from a market rather than a game-theoretic perspective, we can formally derive natural learning protocols which are stable and converge to effective outcomes rather than being chaotic.
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Akbari, Mohammadreza, Steven J Clarke, and Shaghayegh Maleki Far. "Outsourcing Best Practice - The Case of Large Construction Firms in Iran." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3737.

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Aim/Purpose: During an evolutionary time for Iran the purpose of this research study was to establish the outsourcing best practices in the area of supply chain by investigating in the construction firms in Iran, which is identified as the most successful industry in outsourcing. Background: Clarifying outsourcing decisions have been a difficult and challenging task because the outsourcing itself is complex. Meanwhile, the construction industry is recognized as one of the most complex and vibrant industries, although no concentration was set to outsourcing practices and its approach in construction firms in Iran. This paper aims to address this gap. Methodology: Based on a combination of academic literature, screening interviews, and survey, data was collected from Iranian construction firms involved in outsourcing. Participants were senior managers and CEOs from twenty one large construction firms in Tehran. The analysis methods in this study were centered on comparative analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, and relative important indices. Contribution: The paper offers insight into outsourcing decisions, focusing on Iranian construction firms. Findings: The findings identified that construction firms regularly choose to outsource their operation functions/processes to find operational expertise, a wider pool of knowledge and experience, and cost restructuring. The study revealed that selective outsourcing was the popular practiced outsourcing type in construction firms. On the other hand, the study has acknowledged that construction firms mainly practiced strategic outsourcing as a level of outsourcing. The study established that conducting a need analysis prior to making the outsourcing decision is the outsourcing success element for Iranian construction firms. Lastly, the result shows that nearly two thirds of the large construction firms were identified as successful at outsourcing process. Recommendations for Practitioners and Researchers: The outcomes of this research offer practical value for construction managers and researchers to choose the best outsourcing practices method. Impact on Society As the sanctions are removed, it is predicted the economic settings in Iran will become more firm and the findings of the study will assist the successful implementation of outsourcing in economic growth of Iran. Future Research: To further development of this study, an in-depth investigation into risks involved in outsourcing, reasons to insource, economical and environmental effects on outsourcing process, cultural and social effects, as well as the result of sanctions on the process of outsourcing can provide more insight to the outsourcing practitioners.
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Katta, Viswanath R., and David Blunck. "Numerical Studies on Flames Established in Reacting Film-Cooling Experiment." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-25730.

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Integration of turbine turning vanes into a combustor is needed for the development of ultra-compact combustors. A viable approach for protecting the combustor from the high-temperature fuel-rich environment is to inject air through the holes drilled on surfaces. However, it is possible that air intended to cooling may react with the fuel rich combustion products and increase the heat flux. Air Force Research Laboratory has initiated several experimental/numerical studies for investigating the flames that might develop between the injected air and fuel-rich flows in the combustor and their impact on film cooling. A time-dependent, detailed-chemistry computational-fluid-dynamics model is used in the present study for understanding the flames formed in reacting film cooling. Combustion of propane fuel with air is modeled using a chemical-kinetics mechanism involving 52 species and 544 reactions. Both laminar and turbulent flow simulations are performed. Effects of blowing ratio, equivalence ratio and sidewall cooling are investigated. Simulations have reproduced various flame characteristics observed in the experiments. Numerical results are used for explaining the non-intuitive shift in flame anchoring location to the changes in blowing ratio and equivalence ratio. The higher diffusive mass transfer rate of hydrogen in comparison to the local heat transport enhances cooling of cross-flow combustion products, which, in turn, affects the autoignition process. While increasing the blowing ratio abates the differences resulting from non-equal mass and heat transport rates, higher concentrations of hydrogen in the fuel-rich cross-flows accelerate those differences.
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Borchardt, Ralf, and Ju¨rgen Raasch. "Results of the Full Scale Testing of the Remote Dismantling in Greifswald NPP." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4777.

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For the dismantling of the pressure vessels and internals of the Greifwald WWER units 1–4, remote dismantling procedures are necessary. In order to realise this, 3 different cutting areas are used, i.e.: a wet cutting pool for highly activated parts, a dry cutting area for less activated parts and a specific cutting area for the annular water tank. Techniques and procedures were tested in a mock-up installation, with original components from the not operated reactor units 7 and 8. Special emphasis was given to evaluate the expected radiation exposure of the personnel, the maximum application time of the tools and the minimization of the secondary waste. The complete testing program was executed from October 1999 to September 2002. The authorised expert was involved in all steps of the testing. Thus a firm basis for the licensing and the execution of the remote dismantling could be established. Based on the results of the model dismantling and the selection of tools and procedures, the times necessary for the different operation steps could be calculated. With these figures, the manpower and the ambient dose rate it was possible to calculate the time need for the dismantling and also the expected dose commitment. This information was mandatory for the project planning and the preparation of the licensing documents. Presently the implantation of components and systems are going on in unit 2 and the start of cutting of the first activated pressure vessel is scheduled for end of 2003.
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Papakonstantinou, Nikolaos, Joonas Linnosmaa, Jarmo Alanen, and Bryan O'Halloran. "Automatic Fault Tree Generation From Multidisciplinary Dependency Models for Early Failure Propagation Assessment." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85189.

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Safety engineering for complex systems is a very challenging task and the industry has a firm basis and trust on a set of established methods like the Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA). New methodologies for system engineering are being proposed by academia, some related to safety, but they have a limited chance for successful adoption by the safety industry unless they provide a clear connection and benefit in relation to the traditional methodologies. Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) has produced multiple safety related applications. In past work system models were used to generate event trees, failure propagation scenarios and for early human reliability analyses. This paper extends previous work, on a high-level interdisciplinary system model for early defense in depth assessment, to support the automatic generation of fault tree statements for specific critical system components. These statements can then be combined into fault trees using software already utilized by the industry. The fault trees can then be linked to event trees in order to provide a more complete picture of an initiating event, the mitigating functions and critical components that are involved. The produced fault trees use a worst-case scenario approach by stating that if a dependency exists then the failure propagation is certain. Our proposed method doesn’t consider specific failure modes and related probabilities, a safety expert can use them as a starting point for further development. The methodology is demonstrated with a case study of a spent fuel pool cooling system of a nuclear plant.
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Tomayko, James E. "Solar Sea Power: Over a Century of Invention." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76093.

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Solar Sea Power is one of the unusual technologies in history, in that it did not progress in capability much since its first invention by Jacques d’Arsonval in 1881. It has been reinvented several times since then (at least 14 instances, probably more), which is not unusual by itself, as explained in the paper, however, the lack of progress in technological sophistication is unusual, unless the design is dominated by an established, older, paradigm. Some of these repeated inventions were need-based, such as Claude’s, intended for French colonial Africa; few or none matched periods of increased interest in solar power. Even though individual inventors developed Solar Sea Power (SSP), governments were considered likely to advance the technology and apply it for the first 90 years or so of its existence. Recently, this task has been abandoned by deep-pocket governments and left to small, specialized companies such as Anderson’s. Examples of the former are the plant design intended for a lake in northern Italy and the mega-plant with identical technology designed under the Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA) sponsorship by TRW, a government contractor since sold to an aerospace firm. SSP plants do not produce much electricity, but since a portion of the output is used for operation, it is free to operate, and constantly renewable. It is even more reliable than wind power, in that the temperature differences in suitable water are always there, but wind, a product of many factors, is not blowing at all times.
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Greiner, Christian, Tom Peisl, and Angela Poech. "Strategic partnerships between start-ups and established firms - a future issue for entrepreneurial education." In 2012 18th International ICE Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ice.2012.6297656.

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Baumgardner, Lonny, Jamal Ahamiri, Chris Kuyken, Mohamed Farouk, Kamel Jammeli, and Ylmer Merchan. "Lean Rig-Less and Explosiveness Abandoning in Morocco." In SPE/IADC Middle East Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/202076-ms.

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Abstract A 5-well rig-less &amp; explosiveness abandonment campaign by 2 project partners operator and service provider was made a reality in Morocco whereby a novel method of cementing squeeze of perforations and an annular fill-up were established in one single operation. This is called LEAN abandonment and the method was masterminded as a result of intense collaboration between both partners. The method is scale-able and has full merit to target existing legacy wells for abandonment in Morocco and world-wide where appropriate. In this LEAN approach the tubing and annulus were communicating via SSD / non-explosive created tubing punch by holding backpressure on the annulus till perforations squeezed or pressure lock-up and subsequently immediately opening the annulus and releasing the annular pressure whilst continuing pumping and filling the annulus with some 800 m of cement creating the firm additional barrier. Clinical planning by operator and service provider on a establishing a new abandonment process that is opening-up further in-country and beyond opportunities was the critical success factors in this work. It led to organic improvement on a well by well basis in the campaign, it resulted in safe and successful operations and achieving abandonment objectives cementing to surface in tubing and annulus. LEAN Abandonment forms a paradigm shift. It may be different in different down-hole settings and there is no single solution however like in our case working a bottoms-up approach has resulted the lowest cost solution and having done so ways to improve overall safety and efficiency were identified. The use of non-explosive technology is a very good example.
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Reports on the topic "Established firm"

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Alviarez, Vanessa, Michele Fioretti, Ken Kikkawa, and Monica Morlacco. Two-Sided Market Power in Firm-to-Firm Trade. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003493.

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Firms in global value chains (GVCs) are granular and exert bargaining power over the terms of trade. We show that these features are crucial to understanding the well-established variation in prices and pass-through across importers and exporters. We develop a novel theory of prices in GVCs, which tractably nests a wide range of bilateral concentration and bargaining power configurations. We test and evaluate the models predictions using a novel dataset merging transaction-level U.S. import data with balance sheet data for both U.S. importers and foreign exporters. Our pricing framework enhances traditional frameworks in the literature in accurately predicting price changes following a tariff shock. The results shed light on the role of firms in determining the tariff pass-through onto import prices.
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Sauermann, Henry. Fire in the Belly? Employee Motives and Innovative Performance in Startups versus Established Firms. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w23099.

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Angulo Rodríguez, Emilio, and Ariel Yépez-García. The Role of Natural Gas in Energy Transition. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002868.

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As of 2004 and continuously to this day, the annual growth rate of renewable sources has been greater than that of all fossil fuels combined. In the midst of this transition to cleaner energy, natural gas is the only fossil fuel that has increased its share in the global energy matrix. Technological changes in the LNG supply chain, as well as transformations in the global natural gas market, largely explain this growth. This publication provides evidence on the fundamental role that natural gas plays in the energy transition, given that: (i) its greenhouse gas emissions are substantially lower than those of oil and coal; (ii) it provides the firm power necessary to complement intermittent renewable energies; (iii) it is particularly safe compared to other fossil fuels. In line with these attributes, the International Energy Agency projects that the share of natural gas in the global energy matrix by 2040 will remain stable (around 24%), even in its Sustainable Development Scenario, which would allow to meet the goals established in the Paris Agreement.
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Hendricks, Kasey. Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/wdyvftwo4u.

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At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.
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Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.

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From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the risks faced by the financial system implies that the content of the Report adopts this new structure; therefore, some analyses and series that were regularly included will not necessarily be in each issue. However, the statistical annex that accompanies the publication of the Report will continue to present the series that were traditionally included, regardless of whether or not they are part of the content of the Report. In this way we expect to contribute in a more comprehensive way to the study and analysis of the stability of the Colombian financial system. Executive Summary During the first half of 2015, the main advanced economies showed a slow recovery on their growth, while emerging economies continued with their slowdown trend. Domestic demand in the United States allowed for stabilization on its average growth for the first half of the year, while other developed economies such as the United Kingdom, the euro zone, and Japan showed a more gradual recovery. On the other hand, the Chinese economy exhibited the lowest growth rate in five years, which has resulted in lower global dynamism. This has led to a fall in prices of the main export goods of some Latin American economies, especially oil, whose price has also responded to a larger global supply. The decrease in the terms of trade of the Latin American economies has had an impact on national income, domestic demand, and growth. This scenario has been reflected in increases in sovereign risk spreads, devaluations of stock indices, and depreciation of the exchange rates of most countries in the region. For Colombia, the fall in oil prices has also led to a decline in the terms of trade, resulting in pressure on the dynamics of national income. Additionally, the lower demand for exports helped to widen the current account deficit. This affected the prospects and economic growth of the country during the first half of 2015. This economic context could have an impact on the payment capacity of debtors and on the valuation of investments, affecting the soundness of the financial system. However, the results of the analysis featured in this edition of the Report show that, facing an adverse scenario, the vulnerability of the financial system in terms of solvency and liquidity is low. The analysis of the current situation of credit institutions (CI) shows that growth of the gross loan portfolio remained relatively stable, as well as the loan portfolio quality indicators, except for microcredit, which showed a decrease in these indicators. Regarding liabilities, traditional sources of funding have lost market share versus non-traditional ones (bonds, money market operations and in the interbank market), but still represent more than 70%. Moreover, the solvency indicator remained relatively stable. As for non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the slowdown observed during the first six months of 2015 in the real annual growth of the assets total, both in the proprietary and third party position, stands out. The analysis of the main debtors of the financial system shows that indebtedness of the private corporate sector has increased in the last year, mostly driven by an increase in the debt balance with domestic and foreign financial institutions. However, the increase in this latter source of funding has been influenced by the depreciation of the Colombian peso vis-à-vis the US dollar since mid-2014. The financial indicators reflected a favorable behavior with respect to the historical average, except for the profitability indicators; although they were below the average, they have shown improvement in the last year. By economic sector, it is noted that the firms focused on farming, mining and transportation activities recorded the highest levels of risk perception by credit institutions, and the largest increases in default levels with respect to those observed in December 2014. Meanwhile, households have shown an increase in the financial burden, mainly due to growth in the consumer loan portfolio, in which the modalities of credit card, payroll deductible loan, revolving and vehicle loan are those that have reported greater increases in risk indicators. On the side of investments that could be affected by the devaluation in the portfolio of credit institutions and non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the largest share of public debt securities, variable-yield securities and domestic private debt securities is highlighted. The value of these portfolios fell between February and August 2015, driven by the devaluation in the market of these investments throughout the year. Furthermore, the analysis of the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) shows that all intermediaries showed adequate levels and exhibit a stable behavior. Likewise, the fragility analysis of the financial system associated with the increase in the use of non-traditional funding sources does not evidence a greater exposure to liquidity risk. Stress tests assess the impact of the possible joint materialization of credit and market risks, and reveal that neither the aggregate solvency indicator, nor the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) of the system would be below the established legal limits. The entities that result more individually affected have a low share in the total assets of the credit institutions; therefore, a risk to the financial system as a whole is not observed. José Darío Uribe Governor
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