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Books on the topic 'Established markets'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Gorard, Stephen. School choice in an established market. Ashgate, 1997.

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2

Willis, David C. The relationship of market and technological innovation and their management within an established organisation. Wolverhampton Polytechnic, 1990.

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3

Bilsen, Valentijn. Job creation, job destruction and growth of newly established private firms in transition economies: Survey evidence from Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania. Katholieke Universiteit, 1996.

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4

Björkin, Mats. Postwar Industrial Media Culture in Sweden, 1945-1960. Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462984929.

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During the 1950s, companies aiming for international markets demanded new theories and methods of communication. Ideas regarding cybernetics, systems analysis, new accounting practices, and budgetary principles as well as theories of information, communication, marketing, public relations, and organization were discussed at conferences, seminars, and courses, and in articles and books. At the same time, new technologies changed corporate communication, from a loose-leaf accounting system to mechanical and electronic business machines, from written texts and oral presentations to slide shows, audio tapes, films, television, and flannelgraphs. By looking at a vast array of objects and relations related to uses of media technologies in Swedish industry from the end of World War II to the breakthrough of television, this book shows what happened in the glitches between mass communication and interaction, and how Swedish postwar industry worked to disrupt established understandings of communication.
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5

Game-changing strategies: How to create new market space in established industries by breaking the rules. Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Imprint, 2008.

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6

Markides, Constantinos. Game-changing strategies: How to create new market space in established industries by breaking the rules. Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Imprint, 2008.

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7

Markides, Constantinos. Game-changing strategies: How to create new market space in established industries by breaking the rules. Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Imprint, 2008.

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8

Barnes, James, Martin van Walwijk, and Chris Saricks. Hybrid and electric vehicles: The electric drive establishes a market foothold : progress towards sustainable transportation. International Energy Agency, 2009.

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9

Wouters, Joyce. International public relations: How to establish your company's product, service, and image in foreign markets. American Management Association, 1991.

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10

author, Goodrow Gérard A., Hartmann Lena author, Harz, Ulrich J. C., author, Seipel Spunk author, Wendorf Alexandra author, and Zobel Stefanie author, eds. Off spaces & sites 1.0: Aussergewöhnliche Ausstellungsorte abseits des etablierten Kunstmarkts = unusual exhibition spaces beyond the established art market. GKS, Fachverlag für den Kunstmarkt, 2013.

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11

Calomiris, Charles W. Can emerging market bank regulators establish credible discipline?: The case of Argentina, 1992-1999. Banco Central de la República Argentina, Area de Economía y Finanzas, 2000.

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12

Calomiris, Charles W. Can emerging market bank regulators establish credible discipline?: The case of Argentina, 1992-1999. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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13

Calomiris, Charles W. Can emerging market bank regulators establish credible discipline?: The case of Argentina, 1992-1999. Banco Central de la República Argentina, Area de Economía y Finanzas, 1996.

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14

Ha, Tak Ming. Analysing the continual brand revitalisation and repositioning of Iceland Foods plc: Do such dramatic changes harm the brand essence and established market position?. LCP, 2001.

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15

Hearing to review proposals to establish exchanges trading "movie futures": Hearing before the Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities and Risk Management of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, second session, April 22, 2010. U.S. G.P.O., 2010.

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16

Groeben, Hans von der. The European Community, the formative years: The struggle to establish the Common Market and the Political Union (1958-66). Commission of the European Communities, 1987.

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17

Communities, Commission of the European. The European Community, the formative years: The struggle to establish the Common Market and the Political Union (1958-1966). Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985.

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18

Vermeulen, Erik PM. Capital Markets Union. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813392.003.0009.

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The Capital Markets Union (CMU) aims to strengthen capital markets and investments in the EU. The rationale behind such a union is that it is necessary to provide businesses, particularly start-up companies, with a greater choice of funding at lower cost. More generally, it is assumed that, in the long-term, greater choice increases access to finance and fosters economic growth. This chapter argues that although the CMU may be a necessary step, it has to be situated in a much broader discussion about how to create successful innovation ecosystems. Such an approach highlights the sector-specific needs of start-ups (and scale-ups) and the importance of mobilizing other players, particularly established corporations.
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19

Tice, Matthew. Insurgence: How Established Incumbents Can Operate Like Nimble Insurgents in Fast Changing and Volatile Markets. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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20

Tice, Matthew. Insurgence: How Established Incumbents Can Operate Like Nimble Insurgents in Fast Changing and Volatile Markets. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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21

Tice, Matthew. Insurgence: How Established Incumbents Can Operate Like Nimble Insurgents in Fast Changing and Volatile Markets. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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22

Tice, Matthew. Insurgence: How Established Incumbents Can Operate Like Nimble Insurgents in Fast Changing and Volatile Markets. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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23

Michael, Blair, Walker George, and Willey Stuart, eds. Financial Markets and Exchanges Law. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198827528.001.0001.

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The book provides a comprehensive and authoritative analysis on the regulation of financial markets and market infrastructure. It focuses on stock markets and exchanges, associated trading, clearing, and settlement, and on payment systems, set in their historical and current contexts. This new edition addresses a number of major developments that have impacted the UK, wider European and international financial markets, such as within the UK, the PRA, the FCA and the Bank of England have become established financial regulators, each with its distinguishing responsibilities; MiFID has been substantially revised and strengthened through new directly applicable EU regulation; MiFID 2 also addresses the challenges posed by the use of fast-technology such as high frequency and algorithmic trading; and new technology is beginning to make an impact on the infrastructure of financial markets. This new edition includes updated content on the growing importance of financial technology with two new chapters on the emerging impact of financial technology on markets and on the regulation of markets. There is also a new chapter on MiFID 2 and MiFIR – the new securities trading architecture that will see the introduction of a new trading venue as well as significant changes to and the pre- and post-trade transparency and reporting regime. The introduction of mandatory trading of derivatives on trading venues is addressed together with the related post-EMIR regime for the mandatory clearing of certain classes of derivatives. Chapters on the role of the European Commission and ESMA have been updated, and consideration is given to the possible implications of Brexit for market location and access
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24

Lastra, Rosa M., and Alan H. Brener. Justice, financial markets,and human rights. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755661.003.0002.

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Rebuilding confidence in the financial system after the Great Financial Crisis requires more than enacting new rules; it requires a change in behavior (ethical dimension) and a different set of incentives to reconnect the interests of bankers and financiers with the interests of society. Any new normative account of financial law—whether national, European, or international—must therefore consider that financial law does not operate in a vacuum and that we need to reconcile this rather “novel” discipline with “traditional” established legal principles, in particular when it comes to human rights. Indeed, one of the lessons of the crisis is that finance should not be dissociated from the ethical foundations that underlie the legal system. Finance needs to go back to being an instrument for wealth creation (and not just for a few) and development.
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25

Perrone, Andrea. Small and Medium Enterprises Growth Markets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813392.003.0012.

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In accordance with the EU's traditional focus on small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) financing and its more recent attempt to support SME access to capital markets, Directive 2014/65/EU (MiFID II) has introduced the new category of SME Growth Markets (GMs). Aimed at preserving the status quo, in which SMEs prefer second-tier exchange-regulated markets, typically in the form of multilateral trading facilities (MTFs), the MiFID II rules employ a ‘light touch’ approach. Under the new regime SME GMs: (1) constitute an optional feature of the MTF regime intended to result in a ‘specific quality label’, and (2) are subject to the rules established by each Member State as applied by the local national competent authority, within the very broad framework provided by MiFID II. This chapter argues that the MiFID II regulation pertaining to SME GMs represents a missed opportunity, if not a source of potential harm to the capital-raising efforts of SMEs.
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26

Roger, Mccormick, and Stears Chris. Part V Legal and Conduct Risk in Interconnected Financial Markets, 19 ‘Brexit’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198749271.003.0020.

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This chapter considers the legal risks raised by Brexit. These include change of law risk for financial markets and especially for institutions that wish to do cross-border business in the EU. For example, while the UK remains in the EU, financial institutions carrying on certain ‘regulated activities’ are afforded so-called ‘passporting’ rights pursuant to which, broadly, they can take advantage of the fact that they are established and appropriately authorised in one member state to do business in other member states, without the need for separate permissions or authorisations in those other states. If the UK leaves the EU, such passporting rights may be terminated unless the Brexit negotiation results in them being preserved in some way.
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27

Stephen, Matthew D., and Michael Zürn, eds. Contested World Orders. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843047.001.0001.

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Contested World Orders systematically compares the demands of rising powers and non-governmental organizations towards international institutions. As international institutions have taken on ever more ambitious tasks, they have been challenged by rising powers dissatisfied with existing institutional inequalities, by non-governmental organizations worried about the direction of global governance, and even by some established powers no longer content to lead the institutions they themselves created. While the debates about the changing international system often focus on the overall structure, this book aims at providing a comprehensive and comparative analysis of the constellation of preferences on the level of individual institutions. Three contributions should be highlighted. First, while demands for change are numerous and often severe, they are largely driven by specific institutional features and interest constellations. There is little evidence of a cleavage between established and rising powers or a hegemonic struggle between the US and China. On many conflicts there are established and rising powers on both sides. Second, in some cases the rising powers have in fact defended the status quo. They have opposed both Western countries’ attempts to increase the intrusiveness of market-making international institutions and NGOs’ attempts to have stronger market-braking regulation of global markets. Third, conflicts appear to be most intractable where established powers aim to defend their institutional privileges against rising powers who demand institutional roles commensurate with their new-found influence.
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28

Mehling, Michael. Legal Frameworks for Linking National Emissions Trading Systems. Edited by Kevin R. Gray, Richard Tarasofsky, and Cinnamon Carlarne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0013.

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This chapter discusses the linking of emissions trading regimes for climate change governance. It also assesses the legal frameworks for linking as the process assumes varying degrees of formality, with implications for the legal nature and the procedural requirements of adoption. Linkage results in an enlarged market, promising greater diversity of abatement costs and thus more efficient achievement of climate change mitigation objectives. Linkage is also credited with promoting liquidity and reduced price volatility in the carbon market, helping reduce the likelihood of manipulation and abuse. These results lead to operation in a multilayered framework of established rules, principles, and procedures constituting the legal order. Carbon markets are highly regulated, and this relevance of norms also extends to a linkage between such markets. The chapter analyses past and current trading schemes as a case study, such as the European Union Emission Trading Scheme, the biggest greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme.
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29

Gorard, Stephen. School Choice in an Established Market. Edited by Stephen Gorard. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429439476.

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30

Nell, Dawn D’Arcy. English Language Teaching. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199574797.003.0018.

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The chapter assesses the role of the English Language Teaching Department—its structure, management, profitability, and publications—and its impact on the Press as a whole. The extraordinary growth of Oxford’s ELT programme resulted in part from a global shift towards English-language learning in old markets and a rapid growth of new markets around the world to which OUP had good access through its branches and established international trade. New ELT courses were developed or adapted for use in Africa, Central and East Asia, the Middle East, Latin America, and, most successfully, in Europe. Successful series titles included Crescent English Course, Access to English, Streamline, and Headway. Despite intense competition and some unprofitable partnerships, OUP became the world’s leading ELT publisher through developing reliable titles for children and adults and placing a strong emphasis on market strategy.
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31

Jones, Geoffrey. Britain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198717973.003.0005.

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This chapter explores the prevalence of business groups in Britain. It shows that during the nineteenth century British merchant houses established business groups with diversified portfolio and pyramidal structures overseas, primarily in developing countries, both colonial and independent. These business groups were resilient and successful until the late twentieth century. In the domestic economy, the business-group form had a more limited role. Large single product firms were the norm, which over time merged into large combines with significant market power. This reflected a business system in which a close relationship between finance and industry was discouraged, but there were few restrictions on the transfer of corporate ownership. Yet large and successful diversified business groups did emerge which had closely held shareholding and international businesses. Especially between the 1970s and the 1990s, large diversified conglomerates also flourished. This evidence shows that diversified business groups can add value in mature markets.
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32

Castillo, Daniel. Creating a Market Bureaucracy: The Case of a Railway Market. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815761.003.0003.

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The EU expects European governments to abolish their old state railway monopolies and establish a market, with private companies competing for customers. We analyse the long process through which the Swedish state constructed a market for railway traffic in Sweden, by shaping such market elements as market actors; supply and demand; and the process of exchange, competition, and products. We identify extensive attempts at constructing and shaping market actors and organizing markets connected to the train transport market, such as the markets for maintenance and vehicles. The resulting market is similar to an elaborate bureaucracy, with a great number of organizational elements in the form of rules, hierarchy, membership, monitoring, and sanctions, in which the degree of organization is probably greater than in the former state monopoly firm.
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33

Till, Hilary. Commodity Trading Strategies, Common Mistakes, and Catastrophic Blowups. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656010.003.0020.

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Becoming an expert in the commodity markets has traditionally required a novice to seek an apprenticeship at an established commodity firm. This chapter provides an alternative approach: a reader is provided a reasonably comprehensive tour of the always dynamic and frequently opaque commodity markets, including views on (1) commodity trading strategies, (2) common mistakes, and (3) catastrophic blowups. The specific commodity trading strategies covered are trend-following and calendar spreads. The common mistakes that the chapter includes are (1) targeting returns rather than risk metrics, (2) establishing inappropriate trade sizing, and (3) failing to fully appreciate the psychological discipline required for trading. The chapter also provides case studies on the catastrophic derivatives blowups at both Amaranth and MF Global.
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34

Pérez Jr., Louis A. Rice in the Time of Sugar. University of North Carolina Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469651422.001.0001.

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How did Cuba’s long-established sugar trade result in the development of an agriculture that benefited consumers abroad at the dire expense of Cubans at home? In this history of Cuba, Louis A. Pérez proposes a new Cuban counterpoint: rice, a staple central to the island’s cuisine, and sugar, which dominated an export economy 150 years in the making. In the dynamic between the two, dependency on food imports—a signal feature of the Cuban economy—was set in place. Cuban efforts to diversify the economy through expanded rice production were met with keen resistance by U.S. rice producers, who were as reliant on the Cuban market as sugar growers were on the U.S. market. U.S. growers prepared to retaliate by cutting the sugar quota in a struggle to control Cuban rice markets. Pérez’s chronicle culminates in the 1950s, a period of deepening revolutionary tensions on the island, as U.S. rice producers and their allies in Congress clashed with Cuban producers supported by the government of Fulgencio Batista. U.S. interests prevailed—a success, Pérez argues, that contributed to undermining Batista’s capacity to govern. Cuba’s inability to develop self-sufficiency in rice production persists long after the triumph of the Cuban revolution. Cuba continues to import rice, but, in the face of the U.S. embargo, mainly from Asia. U.S. rice growers wait impatiently to recover the Cuban market.
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35

Schütze, Robert. American Law and Market Integration. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803379.003.0003.

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What is the structure of the ‘American’ market; and how was the latter ‘established’? When the Philadelphia Convention debated the 1787 Constitution, there was little argument that the (new) Union needed the power to regulate commerce. This chapter analyses the constitutional principles that governed the building (and evolution) of the US ‘common market’. Would interstate barriers to trade be ‘regulated’ away by the federal legislature; or would the Commerce Clause operate as a directly effective judicial norm? And more importantly: what type of common market had the US Constitution wished to establish? Section I explores these questions in the context of the liberalization of regulatory restrictions to the free movement of goods. Section II extends the analysis to fiscal barriers, which have traditionally been subject to special constitutional principles.
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36

Vogel, Steven K. Marketcraft American Style. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699857.003.0003.

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The United States not only regulates markets, like other countries, but the very market-like features of its liberal market model are themselves products of laws, practices, and norms. In fact, the United States, the “freest” of market economies, is arguably the most governed. This chapter first establishes that the US economy relies on a massive infrastructure of market governance by surveying the core features of the postwar model. It then illustrates how market reform (“deregulation”) is less a process of removing constraints than one of enhancing market governance by reviewing reforms since 1980 in specific substantive realms. And finally, it concludes with two case studies of American-style market governance with global impact, the information revolution and the financial crisis, one that spurred innovation and growth and another that destroyed value and undermined growth.
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37

Quinn, Sarah L. American Bonds. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691156750.001.0001.

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Federal housing finance policy and mortgage-backed securities have gained widespread attention in recent years because of the 2008 financial crisis, but issues of government credit have been part of American life since the nation's founding. From the 1780s, when a watershed national land credit policy was established, to the postwar foundations of our current housing finance system, this book examines the evolution of securitization and federal credit programs. The book shows that since the Westward expansion, the US government has used financial markets to manage America's complex social divides, and politicians and officials across the political spectrum have turned to land sales, home ownership, and credit to provide economic opportunity without the appearance of market intervention or direct wealth redistribution. Highly technical systems, securitization, and credit programs have been fundamental to how Americans determined what they could and should owe one another. Over time, government officials embraced credit as a political tool that allowed them to navigate an increasingly complex and fractured political system, affirming the government's role as a consequential and creative market participant. Neither intermittent nor marginal, credit programs supported the growth of powerful industries, from railroads and farms to housing and finance; have been used for disaster relief, foreign policy, and military efforts; and were promoters of amortized mortgages, lending abroad, venture capital investment, and mortgage securitization. Illuminating America's market-heavy social policies, this book illustrates how political institutions became involved in the nation's lending practices.
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38

Bergman, Marcelo. Drug Business and Crime. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608774.003.0005.

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This chapter studies illegal drugs, that have created the most profitable of all illicit markets. It, analyzes this industry within the broader framework of the book, which examines the effects these markets have on crime and how states have responded. It argues that the dramatic profit drugs produce has diluted the consolidation of strong deterrence from states. By examining the business aspects of trafficking, the structural organization of the illegal drug industry, and the enforcement capacities of state agencies, this chapter explains why large or small organizations rise, under what circumstances violence can erupt, and how the type of crime equilibrium that results affects states and their capacities. The conditions that elicit the emergence of lethal violence are especially emphasized, as are the ways in which different equilibria are established. Finally, the chapter studies the indirect effect of US drug policies on crime in the region.
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39

Crane, Randall, and Rachel Weber, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Urban Planning. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195374995.001.0001.

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This publication is an authoritative volume on planning, a long-established professional social science discipline in the United States and throughout the world. Edited by professors at two planning institutes in the United States, it collects together over forty-five noted field experts to discuss three key questions: Why plan? How and what do we plan? Who plans for whom? These questions are then applied across three major topics in planning: States, Markets, and the Provision of Social Goods; The Methods and Substance of Planning; and Agency, Implementation, and Decision Making. This text covers the key components of the discipline.
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40

Danae, Azaria. 9 General Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198717423.003.0009.

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Faced with the need to cooperate in order to access energy sources and energy markets, states increasingly conclude treaties with a view to guaranteeing uninterrupted transit of energy via pipelines. Although bilateralisable treaty obligations regarding transit of energy remain dominant, a trend towards genuinely multilateral obligations regarding transit is appearing in treaty practice, along with a trend of multilateralization on an institutional level. The indivisible nature of obligations and the emphasis that treaty parties place on uninterrupted energy flows via each pipeline may signal a trend away from unilateralism- countermeasures remain a preferred a means of implementing responsibility, but treaty rules are being established that may prohibit unilateral countermeasures, as circumstances precluding wrongfulness.
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41

Weiss, Alan. How to Market, Establish a Brand, and Sell Professional Services. Kennedy Information, 2000.

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42

Dioun, Cyrus. Making the Medical Marijuana Market. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794974.003.0009.

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How did entrepreneurs and activists establish medical marijuana markets in the United States despite more than a half-century of social stigma and state prohibition? In this chapter, I draw upon interviews with medical marijuana market pioneers to show how an exogenous shock and endogenous actors laid the foundation for a multi-billion dollar industry. Interviews suggest that the death and devastation of the AIDS epidemic compelled value-rational entrepreneurs to openly defy the law and build informal market institutions, such as organizational forms and rules of exchange, to supply marijuana to AIDS patients. Market proponents legitimized and legalized these informal institutions by deploying strategic frames portraying marijuana as a compassionate palliative for the dying and by passing ballot initiatives allowing medical marijuana use, first in San Francisco (1991) and then in California (1996).
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43

Menz, Georg. Labour Markets and their Regulation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199579983.003.0004.

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This first empirical chapter provides an in-depth analysis of changes to the models of industrial relations in six countries, considering general patterns of change, their sources, and their precise impact. A general trend towards liberalization plays out differently depending on power resources, institutional constellations, and historical trajectory. Societal trends, including increasing female and ethnic minority labour market participation and increases in atypical forms of employment, present challenges for trade unions. Employer associations are losing members, but can wield the powerful threat of outsourcing abroad. Finally a tour d’horizon of education and training systems establishes how they link into the structure of labour markets.
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44

Pollack, Detlef, and Gergely Rosta. Reflections on the Concept of Modernity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801665.003.0002.

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Part I contains theoretical reflections on the two central concepts of the book: modernity and religion. This chapter on the concept of modernity begins by addressing the main reservations that have been expressed concerning the classic approaches to this concept in sociology. After discussing objections to modernization theory, the chapter presents an outline of a theory of modernity that serves as the basis for the argumentation of the entire book. The theory of modernity proposes three theses. First, that modern societies are characterized by principles of functional differentiation. Second, perpendicular to functional differentiation, which takes place horizontally, there is in modern societies also a form of vertical differentiation. Third, modern societies have established in the economy, politics, science, and other areas forums of competition, markets where different suppliers compete for acceptance. They are the driving forces behind the dynamism of modern societies.
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45

Niamh, Moloney. Part III Trading, 12 EU Financial Governance and Transparency Regulation: A Test for the Effectiveness of Post-Crisis Administrative Governance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198767671.003.0012.

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This chapter outlines the main features of the extensive new transparency regime which will apply to trading in a wide range of asset classes under MiFIR. By contrast with MiFID I, which limited transparency requirements to the equity markets and which contained extensive exemptions and waivers, MiFIR adopts a maximalist approach to transparency. The most extensive transparency requirements apply to the three forms of ‘trading venue’ for multilateral trading which are established under the MiFID II/MiFIR venue classification system (RM, MTF and OTF). Bilateral/OTC trading between counterparties is subject only to post-trade transparency requirements. Overall, MiFIR’s regulatory design has been shaped by a driving concern to protect liquidity, particularly in non-equity asset classes. Indeed, exemptions, waivers, suspensions, and calibrations, designed to protect liquidity, are a recurring feature of the new transparency regime.
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46

Zebregs, Bas, and Victor de Serière. Efforts to Strengthen the Clearing and Settlement Framework of the Capital Markets Union. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813392.003.0024.

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This chapter discusses the EU's efforts to strengthen the European clearing and settlement framework for securities and derivatives transactions. That exercise is pa should promote access and therefore competitrt of the EU's plans to establish an integrated European Capital Markets Union. Important steps have already been undertaken, and more legislation is now under construction, designed to lead to a comprehensive robust market infrastructure in the EU. These include the EU Commission's proposals to update the segregation provisions in the European Market Infrastructure Regulation and the proposed regulation dealing with the recovery and resolution of central counterparties. The chapter shows that although the advances made are significant, there is quite a long way to go before a fully integrated and risk-averse environment for clearing and settlement is achieved.
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47

Markides, Constantinos C. Game-Changing Strategies: How to Create New Market Space in Established Industries by Breaking the Rules. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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48

Markides, Constantinos C. Game-Changing Strategies: How to Create New Market Space in Established Industries by Breaking the Rules. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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49

Markides, Constantinos C. Game-Changing Strategies: How to Create New Market Space in Established Industries by Breaking the Rules. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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50

Brooker, Paul, and Margaret Hayward. McDonald’s: Kroc’s Grinding it Out. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825395.003.0004.

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Abstract:
Kroc established an iconic global fast-food empire even though he did not found his firm, McDonald’s, until in his fifties. An innovative franchising system was crucial to McDonald’s success, together with a two-dimensional marketing strategy which was quality and family oriented and stressed the formula QSC&V (Quality, Service, Cleanliness, and Value). While his emphasis was on innovative adaptation, strategic (marketing) calculation, and diverse deliberation, Kroc used all six of the rational methods. For example, he and his ‘numbers man’ Sonneborn created the leasing financial base for McDonald’s nation-wide expansion. Kroc’s emphasis on diverse deliberation included allowing his managers to argue with him as well as sell him policy proposals—often through informal deliberation. The final section describes his pioneering international joint-venture system that helped McDonald’s spread around the globe and be adapted to different cultures and markets worldwide.
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