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Alshaer, Salhah. "Competitive advantage through after-sales : a cross-cultural comparison of emerging and established markets." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2016. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19260/.
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In recent literature researchers have addressed the creation of competitive advantage for retail firms in the context of home appliances. However, based on a review of the literature the researcher believes that research related to after-sales services in the context of home appliances provides a particular focus on the creation of competitive advantage for small-medium retail firms in emerging markets. Furthermore, the researcher believes that addressing the impact of culture on the creation of relationships and adopting method of communication still at a preliminary stage. This thesis aims to examine the role SME retail firms play in the creation of competitive advantage by delivering after-sales services in emerging markets. The thesis also addresses the impact of societal culture on the adoption of communication methods whilst SME retail firms process after-sales in emerging markets and established markets. This research developed a stable framework to create a competitive advantage for SME retail firms in emerging markets in the context of retailing of home appliances (denoted ASSC). An interpretivist approach and qualitative methodology has been adopted in this research. The main methods for data collection employed in this research are interviews and observations in SME retail firms in emerging and established markets. This research is an addition to the rare academic studies that address the role SME retail firms play in the creation of a competitive advantage in the emerging markets. Although SME retail firms have limited resources and lack human skill, the findings of this research indicate that SME retail firms still play an important role in the creation of a competitive advantage by focusing on developing relationships with other participants of ASSC and adopting communication methods that suit the culture in each emerging market. The research also found that broader societal culture has more influence on the creation of relationships of both sides of ASSC. The methodological contribution of this research is apparent in the exceptional effort to tackle the inevitable obstacles and challenges that the researcher faced due to messiness in the field work.
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Ottosson, Hans. "Innovate On A Shoestring : Product development for the Least Developed Countries and what we can re-use in the Established Markets." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Tekniska Högskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-27742.
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By understanding current approaches and methods of product development (PD) combined with knowledge of the needs and know-how of customers in the least developed countries (LDCs) associated risks and excessive costs can be avoided. The main purpose of this thesis is to highlight the important need of developing products and services for the LDCs and to look at current practices for PD and to distill these into one method for developing products pertinent to LDC needs and markets. Conversely, the second purpose for this thesis is to examine possible LDC based development tools that can be applicable when designing for the more established markets. There are also crucial social, cultural, economic and political reasons for addressing LDC related issues. The goal is to show companies of all sizes that it can be profitable to expand to new markets in the LDCs and also that the steps used there can help generate new revenue when implemented in their current markets, as well as to provide them a model for it. This thesis includes and clearly demonstrates the importance of development involvement on the local level and the benefit of using complementors. The thesis data and conclusions are based on literature studies and an extended stay in the Dominican Republic. It is here observed that by getting closer to the end customer, a company will get an increased understanding and knowledge that provides an advantage over the competition. And for companies to succeed in the LDCs, the three most significant things to consider are: 1) to find the specific needs of the customer, 2) design for affordability, and 3) to source and manufacture locally. It will be seen that the benefits to such an approach extend outward in essentially all directions.
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Medetbekova, Tamila. "The influence on ethical behaviour of established foreign companies when entering emerging markets - A case study of two Swedish companies in Kazakhstan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-59500.
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Background: Companies always look for opportunities to expand their businesses internationally as it is the way for them to grow beyond its current status. Nowadays, emerging markets seem to be very attractive in terms of economic growth. Thus, there is a tendency towards foreign direct investment inflows to emerging market economies. However, these markets can be very risky and there is no guarantee of success. Companies would have to be ready to face challenges and obstacles related to the unfamiliar environment. They would have to deal with the internal confrontation of whether to accept or reject the local rules of the game as well as to face difficulties in terms of maintaining a high standard of business ethics and promoting best corporate governance practices. Overall, the conditions of these markets can negatively affect the ethical behaviour of established foreign companies which in turn can negatively affect the reputation and brand value of these companies. This paper describes and analyzes the above issues through a case study of two Swedish companies in the market of Kazakhstan: Tele2 and TeliaSonera. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of emerging market economy conditions of Kazakhstan on companies control structure or code of conduct, specifically how they can handle the internal confrontation and maintain a high standard of business ethics and corporate governance practices. Therefore, the tasks were also set to describe and analyze the entry process of two Swedish telecom companies into the market of Kazakhstan in order to improve the understanding of Swedish companies’ preparations, strategy of entry and operations when entering an emerging market of Kazakhstan. Methodology: The research thesis is based on the case study approach which uses a qualitative method to obtain the necessary data. Primary data was collected through interviews with the above mentioned two Swedish telecom companies in Kazakhstan. Secondary data was collected from e-sources. Findings/ Conclusions: In this research, I found that the best entry strategy for entering Kazakhstan is to form a joint-venture with the local partner, but if the company had an earlier experience in similar markets, then the acquisition strategy can be chosen. With regard to the ethical issues, factors such as a weak legal framework, a high level of corruption, poor corporate governance and cultural differences between Sweden and Kazakhstan as well as individual factors of all stakeholders including the manager may have a negative effect on the ethical behaviour of Swedish companies entering and operating in Kazakhstan. It is revealed in this study that Swedish companies manage to confront ethical dilemmas by choosing to “go at it alone”. To be able to confront these issues, companies should set their own bar for how to act as ethically and responsibly. Also, they should ensure the enforcement of codes of conduct, corporate governance, ethics training, ethical role model of top management and whistle-blowers policy.
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Woestman, Joanne T. 1965. "An application of technology strategy tools to the introduction of alternatively powered automobiles to worldwide markets by an established firm." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91713.
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Dhiman, Paula. "Incorporating novel risk markers into established risk prediction models." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30666/.
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Introduction: Risk prediction models are used as part of formal risk assessment for disease and health events in UK primary care. To improve the accuracy of risk prediction, new risk factors are being added to established risk prediction models. However, current methods used to evaluate the added value of these new risk factors have shown to be limited. These limitations can be addressed using health economic methodology, but is yet to be used to evaluate and compare risk prediction models by means of their effectiveness and cost. Methods: A cost effectiveness analysis was performed using a decision tree framework. The decision tree was populated risk model effects and cost measures. The cost-effectiveness analysis derived the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) using the Youden Index and Harrell’s C-Index performance measures, and the net monetary benefit (INB). A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed, based on 10,000 iterations. A range of £0-£100,000 was used for the willingness to pay (WTP), which when combined with the INB, provided the probability the new risk factor was cost effective. This method was applied in two exemplar prospective cohort studies; adding family history (FH) to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction; and bone mineral density (BMD) to fracture risk prediction. Results: A cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision tree framework was shown to be an effective way of evaluating the added value of the new risk factor. Adding FH to standard CVD risk factors produced an ICER of £799.91 (-£5,962.15 to £5,968.22) and £7,788.76 (-£42,760.16 to £48,962.39) per percentage unit increase in the Youden Index and Harrell’s C-Index, respectively. The maximum probability of FH being cost effective is 0.7, with a minimum WTP of £15,000 (Youden Index). Further, treating low risk patients with statin therapy incorrectly was less costly (£788.40) than not treating them (£916.16). Adding continuous BMD measurement to standard fracture risk factors produced an ICER of £367.25 (-£4,241.88 to £4,828.50) and £4,480.54 (-£22,816.84 to £22,970.55) per percentage unit increase in the Youden Index and Harrell’s C-Index, respectively. The maximum probability BMD being cost-effective is 0.8, with a minimum WTP of £32,500 (Youden Index). Further, using BMD in a binary format to indicate osteoporotic patients, did not improve Harrell’s C-Index of standard fracture risk prediction (∆C-Index=-0.62%). Conclusion: A cost-effectiveness analysis was a novel method to compare two risk prediction models; and to evaluate the added value of a new risk factor. It identifies the added value of a new risk factor; encompassing the statistical and clinical improvement, and cost consequences when using the new risk factor in an established risk prediction model. Based on the added value of FH and BMD, there is a good evidence base to add these risk factors into routine risk assessment of the respective conditions. Increased use of this method could help standardise risk prediction and increase comparability of risk prediction models within diseases; producing a league table approach to evaluate, appraise and identify beneficial new risk factors and better risk prediction models.
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Johansson, Christofer, and Gustaf Bergström. "Springboarding : A study of Swedish SMEs established in Singapore." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-459.
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<p>Background: For Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SME), international expansion is important strategy for growth. However, considering the facts that SMEs often are characterized by limited personal and financial resources, and that new international markets pose challenges in terms of differences in for instance culture, language and political systems, international expansion is a risky business. We argue that there might be an easier way for SMEs to enter challenging markets and regions through establishing in a springboard country. Such a country is characterized by a possibility to in a westernized context accumulate learning about countries in the rest of the region and also to develop and utilize networks. At the moment, Asia is a rapid developing region and is expected to contribute with two thirds of the world’s GDP in 2050. Hence, the Asian region provides immense opportunities for companies, however particularly for SMEs, also severe challenges. We argue that Swedish SMEs could learn how to overcome these challenges establishing in the westernized Singapore, hence finding an easier way when entering more difficult Asian countries.</p><p>Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the phenomenon of SMEs expanding their international activities via a springboard country. This will be done by studying how Swedish SMEs perceive that their establishment in Singapore has affected (1) the development of their networks with other actors in the Asian region, and (2) their accumulation of knowledge and experience regarding doing business in Asia.</p><p>Method: In order to fulfil the purpose, we have conducted a qualitative multiple case study including seven Swedish SMEs that are established in Singapore. We have primarily used semistructured telephone interviews for our data collection.</p><p>Conclusion: We found that there is support for the existence of the Springboarding phenomena. We can conclude that Swedish SMEs, by being established in Singapore, can develop and utilize their networks as well as gaining general market knowledge of other countries in the Asian region. We can also see tendencies regarding how these benefits associated with the Singapore establishment can decrease the perceived uncertainties of doing business in other more difficult Asian counties.</p>
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Gettings, Katherine Butler. "Forensic Ancestry and Phenotype SNP Analysis and Integration with Established Forensic Markers." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3590467.
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<p> When an evidential DNA profile does not match identified suspects or profiles from available databases, further DNA analyses targeted at inferring the possible ancestral origin and phenotypic characteristics of the perpetrator could yield valuable information. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), the most common form of genetic polymorphisms, have alleles associated with specific populations and/or correlated to physical characteristics. With this research, single base primer extension (SBE) technology was used to develop a 50 SNP assay designed to predict ancestry among the primary U.S. populations (African American, East Asian, European, and Hispanic/Native American), as well as pigmentation phenotype. The assay has been optimized to a sensitivity level comparable to current forensic DNA analyses, and has shown robust performance on forensic-type samples. In addition, three prediction models were developed and evaluated for ancestry in the U.S. population, and two models were compared for eye color prediction, with the best models and interpretation guidelines yielding correct information for 98% and 100% of samples, respectively. Also, because data from additional DNA markers (STR, mitochondrial and/or Y chromosome DNA) may be available for a forensic evidence sample, the possibility of including this data in the ancestry prediction was evaluated, resulting in an improved prediction with the inclusion of STR data and decreased performance when including mitochondrial or Y chromosome data. Lastly, the possibility of using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to genotype forensic STRs (and thus, the possibility of a multimarker multiplex incorporating all forensic markers) was evaluated on a new platform, with results showing the technology incapable of meeting the needs of the forensic community at this time.</p>
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Esguerra, Alexandra, and Fang Karlsson. "Market analysis to establish retail textile companies in Colombia." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17517.
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The economic crisis in the last few years has made that companies begin to seek fornew market opportunities where they can establish their businesses. Due to the lackof information and data, Colombia is not well known for Swedish textile companies.For this reason, in this market analysis, it is intended to give a clear understanding ofthe current situation in the Colombian market. Colombia is an emerging country withmany opportunities within the textile sector and some new approaches in the last fewyears have facilitated companies to establish in Colombia. The initiatives fromdifferent state and private organizations, has done it easier for doing business.Based on the data that have been collected from different international organizationsources, has showed that some factors are important to be considered by theSwedish textile companies when launching in a new market. One of the positivefactors in the Colombian market is the increase in the demand for the retail textilesector. Increase in the income level is also attractive for companies because peoplewill be more able to spend in textile products, and the stability that the country isfacing are some positive factors; people will be able to spend money in otherexpenses.The new free trade agreement is an advantage for Swedish companies if they decideto expand to the Colombian market. Since they don’t have barriers for trade, it willmake it easier for trading between Colombia and Sweden. But because this newagreement has been signed last year, the results will be visible after some years ofrelationship.The textile sector in Colombia has had an increase in the sales and the consumptionof textile; many international retail companies has established their business in theColombian market since this market is becoming even more attractive in LatinAmerica. However, it is important to determine which target group is going to befocused on, because there are different social classes in Colombia, and depending ofthe target group the demand could be different.All the mentioned above and more important factors are covered in this thesis work.There is not a direct answer for our thesis work, however we believe that theinformation provided here, will be truly helpful to get a general idea of the currentsituation in the retail textile sector in the Colombian market.<br><p>Abstract: The aim with this thesis work is to make a market analyze for Swedish textile</p><p>companies that are planning to expand their businesses to Colombia. There are</p><p>some factors and barriers that need to be considered when expanding to new</p><p>markets, for this reason, in this thesis particular factors are analyzed.</p><p>The new free trade agreement between Colombia and EU will make it easier for</p><p>Swedish textile companies to establish in Colombia and import or export from both</p><p>countries. Since one of us is from Colombia we know that there are absence of</p><p>Swedish textile companies in Colombia, and there is a need for variation in the textile</p><p>sector. This new free trade agreement will make this possible.</p><p>Sources of information that have been used are based principally from literature and</p><p>Internet. To be able to make the market analyze, there are factors that were</p><p>considered for example Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and statistics on</p><p>unemployment rate. In order to access the different statistics needed, it has been</p><p>used different sources and International organizations web pages such as EU and</p><p>OECD, which have been helpful to write this thesis and make it faster to find the</p><p>information required.</p><p>The analyzes has been made by comparing different statistics from Colombia with</p><p>Sweden, to see if there is opportunities for Swedish companies to establish</p><p>themselves in this new market. Our conclusion is that there are good opportunities</p><p>for Swedish textile companies to establish their business in Colombia because of the</p><p>increasing demand in the textile sector in the country and the increased income level</p><p>amongst the population.</p><p>Program: Bachelor of Science with a Major in Industrial Engineering – International Business Engineering</p>
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Gorard, Stephen A. C. "School choice in an established market : families and fee-paying schools in South Wales." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364340.
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Bryggare, Anne. "”Det är mer plus, det måste det ju vara…” : En kvalitativ studie om att förhålla sig till kulturell bakgrund som kompetens." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1961.
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<p>Several studies have shown that the Swedish labour market for different reasons is characterized by ethnical discrimination and that people who have another cultural background than Swedish are being excluded. Most studies done within this area have been focused on why it is harder for immigrants to enter the labour market and identifying the contributing mechanisms for this phenomenon. Instead the aim of this study was to see how the immigrants view their own cultural identity and background and how they perceive that their cultural competences are being valued when they apply for a job. To examine this, the following problematic was used: How does a person who has been brought up with both the Swedish culture and another culture look at using this as a cultural competence when they apply for a job. Two different theories were then applied to analyze the problematic, Erving Goffman´s theory about Stigma and Norbert Elias theory about the Established and the Outsiders. To carry out the study, a qualitative method with interviews was used and 8 people from 6 different cultural backgrounds participated. The results show that if the knowledge that had emerged from a persons cultural background turned out to benefit that person in his or her work situation than that person was more likely to see cultural background as a competence. Although if the condition was the opposite then there was no need to see it or to use it as a competence. Therefore cultural competence seems to be useful in specific situations and in interaction with certain people or groups of people rather than being viewed as an overall, general competence. To accentuate cultural competence also proved to be difficult due to the stereotyped conceptions about immigrants that exist in society. The conclusion of this study is that emphasizing cultural competence can sometimes benefit a person although there is always a risk that it could lead to increased stigmatization.</p>
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Wennberg, Patrik. "Beyond the established risk factors of myocardial infarction : lifestyle factors and novel biomarkers." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Allmänmedicin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21849.
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Age, male sex, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and obesity are considered as established risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Several of these established cardiovascular risk factors are strongly influenced by lifestyle. Novel biomarkers from different mechanistic pathways have been associated with cardiovascular risk, but their clinical utility is still uncertain. The overall objective of the thesis was to evaluate the associations between certain lifestyle factors (physical activity and snuff use), biomarkers reflecting the haemostatic and the inflammatory systems and risk of a future first-ever myocardial infarction. A prospective incident nested case-control study design was used with a total of 651 cases of myocardial infarction and 2238 matched controls from the population-based Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study. The effects of commuting activity, occupational and leisure time physical activity on risk of myocardial infarction were studied. A clearly increased risk of myocardial infarction was found for car commuting compared to active commuting (walking, cycling or going by bus). High versus low leisure time physical activity was associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction. Low occupational physical activity was associated with risk of myocardial infarction in men. The risk of myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death was studied in male snuff users compared to non-tobacco users. No increased risk was found for myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death among snuff users without a previous history of smoking. However, for sudden cardiac death the study did not have statistical power to detect small differences in risk. Plasma levels of haemostatic markers have previously shown to be associated with risk of myocardial infarction, but as haemostatic markers are also acute-phase reactants, it is not clear if their association with myocardial infarction is independent of inflammatory markers. In the present study, the haemostatic markers D-dimer, von Willebrand factor (VWF), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex (t-PA/PAI-1 complex) were associated with risk of myocardial infarction after adjustment for established risk factors and the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Furthermore, the addition of eight haemostatic and inflammatory markers could improve the predictive ability for future myocardial infarction beyond that of a model utilizing only established risk factors. Established risk factors and novel biomarkers were explored as potential mediators of the reduced risk of myocardial infarction related to active commuting. A combination of established risk factors, haemostatic and inflammatory markers appeared to explain a substantial proportion (40%) of the difference in risk for myocardial infarction between active commuters and car commuters. IL-6, t-PA, t-PA/PAI-1 complex, apo B/apo A-1 ratio, and BMI seemed to be the largest potential mediators when tested individually. In conclusion, regular physical activity such as active commuting is associated with reduced risk of a first-ever myocardial infarction. This effect could in part be mediated through a beneficial influence on haemostasis and inflammation, as well as a positive impact on established risk factors. Several haemostatic markers are associated with risk of myocardial infarction independent of established risk factors and inflammatory markers. The combination of haemostatic and inflammatory markers may enhance predictive ability beyond established risk factors. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that snuff use increases the risk of myocardial infarction.
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Karlsson, Hanna. "Trademark Protection for the Chinese Market - A study on Swedish retail companies established in China." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171035.
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Hewelt, Przemyslaw Wojciech. "Deregulation and the crisis in transitional banking systems in traditional and newly-established market economies." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319844.
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At the end of the 1980s the banking system in Poland was de-regulated allowing competitive forces to operate. This process gave banks freedom to shape their lending policies. Since 1992 a number of banks had begun to report an increase in the number of bad loans. A number of banks had become insolvent. Analysis of case studies of failed banks showed that managers made serious mistakes in the decision - making process. Lack of experience of operating in the market environment could be the most obvious explanation to those phenomena. However, the analysis of the case studies of the banking de-regulation processes undertaken in the United Kingdom, the USA, Norway and Finland revealed a very similar pattern of lending behaviour which also led to deterioration of assets quality and, in extreme cases, to bankruptcy. In spite of different levels of economic development of Poland and the mature market economies mentioned above, the study indicates the existence of a common pattern of post de-regulation banking crises. Analysis of the financial de-regulation processesin the case study countries illustrates the hypothesis, that the nature of the post de-regulation banking crisis in Poland is similar to the post de-regulation crises observed in mature market economies. The shock of the regulatory change in the banking industry causes deterioration of risk management standards, with no respect whether banking de-regulation has been conducted in a mature market economy or in the transitional economy of Poland. In both cases the change of regulatory framework caused deterioration of risk management standards, which negatively affected banks' financial situation. This study provides also verification of Llewellyn's overreaction hypothesis in the conditions of a transitional economy of Poland. Findings of the study indicate that the hypothesis developed upon the experience of mature market economies also applies to the less developed banking system in Poland. VIII
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LaCugna, Joseph. "Using knowledge networks to establish scientific and technical leadership in emerging product-markets /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Ekelund, Christer. "How to govern relationships and established commitments : a study of standardized products in mature industrial market /." København, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/360390986.pdf.
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Arwidsson, Jacob, and David Malmström. "How will a newly established shopping centeraffect an already existing in the same marketareaCase study: Mall of Scandinavia and Kista Galleria." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-147316.
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Baker, Guy. "To establish the risk versus return of pharmacy corporations those are traded publicly on the open market." The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623561.
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Class of 2011 Abstract<br>OBJECTIVES: To establish the risk versus return of pharmacy corporations those are traded publicly on the open market.
METHODS: Descriptive retrospective study of financial data obtained through Center of Research in Security Prices (CRSP). Pharmacy corporations were selected by the Standard Industrial Classification Code (SIC code) of 5912. Information that was gathered were monthly security-level stock market prices, value-weighted stock market index, the 30-day return on Treasury bill, SMB, HML, and MOM. Analysis timeframe: 1929-2009.
RESULTS: CAPM and Fama-French three factor and four models calculated the data results. CAPM resulted in statistically significant overall beta= 1.04 (p≤0.05). Fama-French three factor model resulted in significant overall beta= 0.87 and overall SMB= 0.79. Fama-French four factor model resulted in significant overall beta= 0.86 and overall SMB= 0.78.
CONCLUSION: Over the 80 year time period pharmacy corporations suggested mixed volatility. Risk of investment has never suggested being a viable gain on return of investment versus a 30-day Treasury bill.
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Ramdayal, Kavisha. "Incidence and Regulatory Implications of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms among Established Ovarian Cancer Genes." Thesis, Online access, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/usrfiles/modules/etd/docs/etd_gen8Srv25Nme4_5111_1277754725.pdf.
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Nikolaidou, Maria. "Problematic Internet Use : is it time to be taken seriously? : physiological and behavioural markers of Problematic Internet Use with reference to established addictions." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.687338.
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The main aim of this thesis was to investigate a controversial type of problematic behaviour; problematic internet use, and assess whether or not its characteristics resemble traditional types of addictions such as substance dependence and pathological gambling. Problematic internet use is a construct which has created fierce debates amongst researchers. This reflects inconsistencies in the evidence associated with various factors related to it, which have left researchers arguing whether it is a real psychopathological entity and similar to substance-related and addictive disorders or not. This necessitates further research with an emphasis on identifying similarities and differences regarding problematic internet use in relation to markers that have been reliably associated with the development and maintenance of addictive behaviours. Thus, in this thesis I followed a pragmatic approach and comprehensively investigated behavioural and physiological markers of addictive behaviours in the field of problematic internet use. More specifically, emphasis was given to cognitive markers such as decision-making and the physiological function underling them, attentional bias and inhibitory control processes, as these have been implicated as playing a major role in the initiation and maintenance of addictive behaviour. The main research questions were investigated using a sample of internet users whose internet use ranged from non-problematic to problematic and was associated either with generic or specific online applications; Social Networking Sites (SNS). Overall the results of this thesis support the view that problematic internet use resembles substance-related and addictive disorders and offers important implications for its legitimacy.
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Häßler, Alina, and Bernd Souren. "Which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category? : A study of the electric vehicle market in Germany." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28013.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category. The research object is the electric vehicle market in Germany and the product attributes that are researched are alignable attributes, non-alignable attributes and the price. Design/Methodology/Approach – Quantitative data was collected via an internet questionnaire by means of the non-probability sampling techniques convenience and snowball sampling. The data of 408 members of the German Generation Y (age 17 – 38) was used to test six hypotheses by applying ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings – It was found that established companies possess a pioneer advantage in comparison to startups for the specialty product ‘electric vehicle’. This advantage can be overcome when startups differentiate their electric vehicles by implementing superior alignable attributes, a valuable non-alignable attribute or a lower price. Superior alignable attributes had the strongest positive influence on consumers’ preferences towards the startup’s electric vehicle, followed by the lower price and a valuable non-alignable attribute. Limitations/Implications – This study is limited to investigating consumers’ preferences without focusing on the reasons behind the preferences. Further, the category of specialty products is represented by only one example, namely the electric vehicle industry. Practical Implications – Startups can benefit from the results by adopting differentiation strategies that were found to be successful in overcoming pioneer advantage. Originality/Value – This study contributes to pioneer advantage literature by researching how startups can successfully overcome pioneer advantage in the specialty product category.
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Eckman, Lovisa, and Lundgren Philip. "How Do Fintech Firms Establish Themselves on The Financial Market? : A Qualitative Study of Swedish Fintech Firms." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85486.
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Over the last decade, the growth of new Fintech firms has increased significantly. However, when Fintech firms enter the financial market they are met by several obstacles, including the barriers erected by incumbent banks, difficulties obtaining financing and the challenge of gaining the trust of the market. This thesis aims to describe how Swedish Fintech firms work together with, or against, the incumbent banks, how they raise capital and what kind of challenges they experience when raising capital and how they work to gain the trust of potential investors, partners and customers. In this thesis it was found that Swedish Fintech firms do not close their doors to cooperation with the incumbent banks, as in exchange for helping the banks with their technology they can get access to banks' customer base and help with regards to costs. The Fintech firms did however think cooperation was less likely to happen if the incumbent banks did not open their mindset and make their processes more effective. Developing the banks’ technology is something the Fintech firms recognize that they can help with. When it comes to gaining the trust of the market, Fintech firms strive to deliver good customer experience, show earlier accomplishments and build legitimacy. The biggest challenge that Fintech firms encounter is the lack of having a known brand on the market and trying to build a name for themselves from scratch. It was found that most of the firms raise capital through private equity even if many of the interviewed firms raise capital as well through indebtedness. Challenges these firms encounter when it comes to raising capital is to mediate their true potential and vision to the investors and to find investors that can help the firm in more ways than just with monetary support. At the same time it was discovered that a few firms did not have any problem finding investors because of their already good network and experience.
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Ljungberg, Axel, and Anton Högstedt. "Modern Portfolio Theory Combined With Magic Formula : A study on how Modern Portfolio Theory can improve an established investment strategy." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104540.
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This study examines whether modern portfolio theory can be used to improve the Magic Formula investment strategy. With the assets picked by the investment strategy we modify the portfolios by weighting the portfolios in accordance with modern portfolio theory. Through the process of creating efficient frontiers and weighting the portfolios differently we create two alternative portfolios each year. One portfolio that aimsfor maximum Sharpe ratio and one that aims for minimum variance. These weighted portfolios produce higher risk-adjusted returns consistently during the examined period of 2010-2020. We conclude that the Magic Formula can be improved by using modern portfolio theory.
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Mikhnovets, Iryna. "What do corruption and democracy mean for Swedish state and Swedish international companies established on a foreign market : A case of IKEA in Russia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41526.
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Ekström, Linnea, and Alexander Strand. "Kontakter – Nyckeln till arbetslivet? -En kvalitativ fallstudie om sociologistudenters användning av ett socialt nätverk företablering på arbetsmarknaden." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-89555.
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In the year of 2035, it is expected that Sweden will have a surplus of 10 000 people educatedwithin human resources and behavioral sciences as a result of an increase in popularity for nonvocationaleducations. As a result, many graduates will not have the opportunity to work intheir area of competence. Studies show that contacts often are crucial for newly graduatedstudents to find work. The aims of this study are to find an understanding of how newlygraduated sociology students experience the importance of contacts; which parts of the socialnetwork that are used; and how they use their social network to establish themselves in the labormarket. Differences in how males and females use their social network are also examined.Previous findings show that social network and social capital are critical components of anindividual’s job search in a saturated labor market. Using qualitative semi-structured interviewsand analysis with theories about social network, social capital, and gender, this study finds thata majority of the respondent’s social network comes from previous workplaces and contactsfrom the university. This study shows that social network is important for gaining access to andestablishing oneself in the labor market; that social capital differs during the respondent career;and that women and men use their social network in gender differentiated ways.
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Smit, Rynhard. "Evaluation of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Simple Sequence Repeat markers in Moringa oleifera (Lam.) to establish population diversity." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43245.
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Moringa oleifera is potentially an economically important tree species. It has gained interest globally for its multipurpose uses, in particular as a source of nutrition and oil, as well as for its various medicinal properties. Moringa is native to India, Malaysia and the Middle East, but have been introduced to many countries throughout Africa. There is however limited knowledge regarding the genetic variation of both native and introduced populations of Moringa, although phenotypic observations suggest the presence of significant genetic diversity. To do this we used Moringa collections from different locations including India, South Africa and Hawaii, with different cultivars present in the foreign samples. Molecular markers such as Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) were evaluated for their efficiency as a marker system in Moringa, based on their success in other tropical tree population studies. The comparative analysis between the two revealed that both marker systems identified similar heterogeneity of 0.438 (RAPD) and 0.481 (SSR). However, the microsatellite marker was more effective for assessing genetic diversity, with a marker index (MI) value of 5.77 compared to 2.96 (RAPD), within our data set. Three major groups among the 71 accessions were clustered together in the dendogram and Principle Co-ordinate Analysis (PCoA), based on the genetic similarity matrices generated by both markers. Both cultivars were grouped together irrespective of origins, suggesting a relationship of genetic identity rather than geographical origins. The markers investigated in this study were found to be effective for determining genetic diversity, verifying higher genetic variation among the S.A. accessions of Moringas and distinguishing them from the cultivars investigated. This information could possibly be exploited for cultivar development in tree improvement programmes.<br>Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.<br>lk2014<br>Genetics<br>MSc<br>Unrestricted
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Yi, Xueying, and Ivette Solla. "Analyzing the Challenges and potential Opportunities for a Swedish Newly Established Firm when entering the Chinese Food Market : a marketing study for BIM in Zhuhai City." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-7364.
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<p>China has become one of the largest markets for business investments. A great number of foreign companies have showed interest in the Chinese market; even more when they seen how other companies have succeeded in the crossover. However, not everyone has been lucky enough to be successful in the Chinese market; this is especially true for small firms. Small companies have faced big troubles when entering the Chinese market; specifically those who decided to go international after a mere few years. In this study, we will show the challenges and potential opportunities for Swedish newly established firm when entering Chinese market. The company chosen was a Swedish food company called BIM, which also promotes healthy life styles.</p><p> </p><p>The authors begins the paper by briefly introducing the BIM company, background of this study, and some definitions, such as the Chinese concept of networking or Guanxi, the difference that exists between Swedish and Chinese managerial style and negotiating style and how can all of these issues can make a difference in succeeding in China. Next, the authors introduce the theoretical model which is a combination of opportunities; such as: costs of labour, market size and availability of resources; and barriers such as: networking, bureaucracy, culture, managerial and negotiating style. </p><p> </p><p>Finally, the results show that new established companies that acknowledge the importance of a well establish network will have a bigger chance to succeed while doing business in China. A marketing study and interviews for the company BIM are shown in the appendix to assess opportunities and challenges before and after entering the Chinese market.</p>
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Flynn, Emma. "Building careers, managing capitals." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9393.
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I sought to find out whether this was a tension between artistic and commercial in the career of visual artists, and if so, how this tension was managed. In attempting to uncover information which could address the research question I undertook in-depth career history interviews with artists which covered their time at art school through to their current practice. The career history method was deliberately chosen in order to address the research question at a tangent as both the literature, and my own personal experience of the field of contemporary visual art, had suggested that the topic of artistic and commercial was a sensitive one. By framing the interviews around the experiences the artists had through the time period of their training and career, I was able to approach the research questions indirectly from the perspective of the artists. Through analysis of the interview transcripts the framework of Bourdieu's capitals arose as one that would capably explain the activities which the artists were undertaken and I used this as a framing device for the empirical chapters in the thesis. In exploring ideas of cultural, social and economic capitals in relation to how artists describe the activities they undertake during their career it became apparent that the broad structures of cultural capital needed further refinement in their application to the careers of visual artists. In the thesis I chose to elaborate further on the concept of artistic capital which has, until now, been unexplored by scholars. I have developed an understanding of artistic capital as a subcategory of cultural capital with particular application to the field of contemporary visual art – with the potential for wider application beyond the thesis. The three capitals of artistic, social and economic proved a capable structure for understanding whether there was a tension between artistic and commercial and how artists managed this. Through this research I have found that artists come to believe, during their early career and training through art school, that there is a tension between artistic and commercial as this is perpetuated by institutions and art world participants through their exclusion or dismissal of commercial aspects of the visual art field. Through their careers they come to realise that this tension is less prevalent than they thought and that they are able to manage these two aspects of artistic and commercial more effectively. However, artists continue to be faced with instances where this tension is imposed upon them by other art world players who perpetuate the belief that there is an inherent, unresolvable tension between artistic and commercial. These individuals attempt to shield artists from this perceived tension later in their careers when artists are already adept at managing the competing priorities of artistic and commercial without the two creating tension.
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Gregarová, Jana. "Podnikatelský plán pro založení malého podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377445.
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Lucas, D. Pulane. "Disruptive Transformations in Health Care: Technological Innovation and the Acute Care General Hospital." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2996.
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Advances in medical technology have altered the need for certain types of surgery to be performed in traditional inpatient hospital settings. Less invasive surgical procedures allow a growing number of medical treatments to take place on an outpatient basis. Hospitals face growing competition from ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs). The competitive threats posed by ASCs are important, given that inpatient surgery has been the cornerstone of hospital services for over a century. Additional research is needed to understand how surgical volume shifts between and within acute care general hospitals (ACGHs) and ASCs. This study investigates how medical technology within the hospital industry is changing medical services delivery. The main purposes of this study are to (1) test Clayton M. Christensen’s theory of disruptive innovation in health care, and (2) examine the effects of disruptive innovation on appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and bariatric surgery (ACBS) utilization. Disruptive innovation theory contends that advanced technology combined with innovative business models—located outside of traditional product markets or delivery systems—will produce simplified, quality products and services at lower costs with broader accessibility. Consequently, new markets will emerge, and conventional industry leaders will experience a loss of market share to “non-traditional” new entrants into the marketplace. The underlying assumption of this work is that ASCs (innovative business models) have adopted laparoscopy (innovative technology) and their unification has initiated disruptive innovation within the hospital industry. The disruptive effects have spawned shifts in surgical volumes from open to laparoscopic procedures, from inpatient to ambulatory settings, and from hospitals to ASCs. The research hypothesizes that: (1) there will be larger increases in the percentage of laparoscopic ACBS performed than open ACBS procedures; (2) ambulatory ACBS will experience larger percent increases than inpatient ACBS procedures; and (3) ASCs will experience larger percent increases than ACGHs. The study tracks the utilization of open, laparoscopic, inpatient and ambulatory ACBS. The research questions that guide the inquiry are: 1. How has ACBS utilization changed over this time? 2. Do ACGHs and ASCs differ in the utilization of ACBS? 3. How do states differ in the utilization of ACBS? 4. Do study findings support disruptive innovation theory in the hospital industry? The quantitative study employs a panel design using hospital discharge data from 2004 and 2009. The unit of analysis is the facility. The sampling frame is comprised of ACGHs and ASCs in Florida and Wisconsin. The study employs exploratory and confirmatory data analysis. This work finds that disruptive innovation theory is an effective model for assessing the hospital industry. The model provides a useful framework for analyzing the interplay between ACGHs and ASCs. While study findings did not support the stated hypotheses, the impact of government interventions into the competitive marketplace supports the claims of disruptive innovation theory. Regulations that intervened in the hospital industry facilitated interactions between ASCs and ACGHs, reducing the number of ASCs performing ACBS and altering the trajectory of ACBS volume by shifting surgeries from ASCs to ACGHs.
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Chang, PoKai, and 張博凱. "Study on Market Analysis and Strategy Establish for Portable PC." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19209062949203218427.
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碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>企業管理學系<br>93<br>The objectives of the study are to investigate the market of portable PCs, and plan the marketing strategies. The research goals of this study are: 1.To segment the market of portable PCs. 2.To analyze the difference between segments and then make segmenting, product, and channel strategies. 3.Select seven brands of potable PCs to proceed the positive investigation.
The conceptual framework is based on EMB consumer behavior model. According the samples we acquired, we adopted several statistical methods to analyze our research data, such as Factor Analysis, Cluster Analysis, One-way MANOVA ,Chi-Square Analysis and MDS. The main results are as follows:
1. The demographics variables of consumer are significantly different.
2. The characteristics of portable PCs users have the effect on the consumer decision process.
3. The portable PCs brands can take marketing, product, channel strategies to attack their competitors.
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KUO, CHIH-YEN, and 郭峙延. "Using VBA to Establish a Sampling Model for Food Surveillance Market Investigation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f68ub3.
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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>統計學系<br>105<br>Domestic food security problems in recent years, to arouse people's great atten-tion to food security, but food kind is numerous in quantity and the project needing measuring is various, if adopt comprehensive test and consume a lot of resources, so monitor and check on the food security on the Food Surveillance Market.
This research will carry on the discussion to the sample method of market research after the food with statistics principle and Credibility Theory, the analytic target includes materials and dispersed materials continuously type and draw the annual trend picture then calculate several dispositions in order to carry on all counties and cities and sample of weight of each of counties and cities; And all counties and cities sample and count and dispose and consider three kinds of different situations separately, including considering the counties and cities output, considering the counties and cities output and considering the counties and cities output and annual standard deviation coefficient.
And predict the quality assessing the method in the group by this to these three ways. And besides output factor, the intersection of time and relation and make a variation important factor that intensity consider in order to predict the method also, can make all sample of counties and cities count and dispose and get more appropriate data result, use VBA procedure to analyze movements and every trend picture and data analysis result appear fast finally, systemic sample way of market research after setting up food.
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Ko, Kuan-Ying, and 柯冠瑛. "The Study of Possibility of Captive Insurance Established for Securities Market – A Case Study of Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31533938318051873443.
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碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>保險金融管理系碩士班<br>96<br>The Taiwan Stock Exchange Corporation (TSEC) has established the Clearing Fund. The goals of the Clearing Fund are preserving credit of stock market transaction, protecting the investors, exerting the autonomic function of securities and reducing the risk of trading violation. The TSEC will confront privatization and internationalization in the future. The efficiency of the “Clearing Fund” is worth discussing and analyzing. The study tried to use the characteristic of credit risk in the stock market to discuss the possibility of substituting the Captives Insurance Corporation for the Clearing Fund.
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Bih-Huang, Jin, and 金必煌. "Using the Genetic Algorithm to Establish a Technical Model for the stock market of Taiwan." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97980496796425183201.
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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>83<br>The Propose of this research is to combine the non-linear stock
price forecasting and the space searching capacity of the
Genetic algorithm ,and to propose a non-linear stock market
forecasting model,and to to certify model''s forcasting capacit.
There are three part of this research . First is the design and
definition of the non-linear stock forecasting model;Second is
the design of the genetic algorithm searching architecture.
Third is the implement and testing of the model. Finally,the
research In the future,the research mode can also consider the
integration of the economical index and technical index in
order to get a more precise result.
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Ching, Wang Shang, and 王滄慶. "Study on Market Analysis and Strategy Establish for Recreation Vehicle — Take Mitsubishi Motors as an Example." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38302838094305269337.
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碩士<br>國立臺北大學<br>企業管理學系<br>92<br>With the participation of WTO for Taiwan in 2001, the local Motor market must be more competitive. In this kind of environment, how to make a marketing strategy for motor industry is very important. In addition, marketing strategy is based on market information. Thus, market information must be infer to the market analysis.
The conceptual framework is based on EMB consumer behavior model. The research sees attributes of recreation vehicle and consumer. Consumer behaviors are described in several variables. Market segmentation is based on buying experience of user. The scopes of questionnaire subjects include owners and non-owner. The questionnaires are collected from people who live in Taiwan. Data analysis of the questionnaires, MDS is employed for statistical method , ANOVA、Decision Tree、Chi-squared are used to test the research hypothesis.
After the research used the method of statistics to analyze the sample, the major conclusions are:
1. The purchasing intention of consumer in demographics variables are significantly different.
2. The characteristics of RV users have the effect on the consumer decision process.
3. The motor firms can take lots of measures, strategies to attack competitors.
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CHIN, CHIANG CHENG, and 江正智. "The study on the way to establish brand advantages of BenQ based on the China market." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36877829800249052725.
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碩士<br>東吳大學<br>企業管理學系<br>92<br>Technology promotes the formation of global village and it also accelerates the changes in the past twenty years. Technology companies boomed in this trend as well. The formation of global economic system and the application of Internet make brand become more influential than it did in the history. However, the major operation models of high technology industry now in Taiwan are original equipment manufacture (OEM) and original design manufacture (ODM). Recently, the cost advantages of manufacturers in Taiwan have been replaced by those of manufacturers in Mainland China and Southeastern Asia countries. Besides, the era of minute profits will come around the corner and that means the technology industry in Taiwan has to reconsider the way to develop and to growth in the future. The brand development might be another solution to overcome the weakness now faces by Taiwan manufacturers.
In recent years, BenQ has established its brand in China and received high prestige in this market. The success of brand development has brought lots of real profits for BenQ. Therefore, this thesis would use the analysis of brand establishment in BenQ to understand the way for the manufactures to transform form OEM & ODM to OBM in Taiwan. In this way, the key factors and the sequence in brand establishment would be referred to other incorporations in Taiwan.
In this study, the main reasons for establishing brand successfully of BanQ would be divided into three parts:
1. By the continuous modification of value chains, BenQ established its strength in the research and development of products. Moreover, overall channels and service system in China, the application of successful strategy, the diversification in the industries of cellular phones and of TFT-LCD and the continuous accumulation of its core competence and resources are all the basis of its success in brand establishment.
2. BenQ has indeed developed the patterns of brand establishment for other companies. From the development of brand vision to the brand positioning, BenQ pays attention to all the details in brand establishment, including considering the brand meaning for the customers, positioning its market and brand correctly, applying the strategy of sensitive marketing in the optimal situations, using various ways to develop its brand and promoting the prestige of its brand. In addition, the development of visual identity (VI) to communicate with its target customers is important as well and VI could cultivate brand loyalty of its customers.
3. The timing of brand establishment is perfect for BenQ. The boom in China markets, the bright future for digital products and the changes of life style all occurred in this time and helped the brand establishment. BenQ created its brand in May 5, 2001 in China and entered to the world of electronic digital products.
In summary, the company which wants to establish its brand has to examine both the internal and the external environments. In internal environment, the company has to consider its core competence and other details to identify the viability of brand establishment. In external environment, the company has to analyze the market carefully and to figure out the perfect timing for brand establishment. It is dangerous for a company to establish its brand carelessly and the company could suffer lots of loss in this way as well.
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Wu, Huei-Ling, and 吳惠玲. "A Study on the Market Structure, Conduct and Performance of the Bicycle Industry after Establish A-Team." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67733468672209938531.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>農業經濟學研究所<br>99<br>This study uses in the industrial economics “Market Structure-Conduct-Performance” the basic ideal and model to analyze how the market structure and corporate conduct impact on operating performance of the the Taiwan Bicycle Industry after Establish A-Team.
We collect 3 bicycle firms (Giant Merida Ideal)which are listed in Taiwan stock market as empirical sample. The sampling period is from 2003 1st to 2009 3rd which is amoumt to 7 years and 30 seasons data.Random effect approach of the Panel data is adopted in this study to conduct the regression analysis
The independent variables are total assets natural logarithm and Staff population natural logarithm as firm structure.The independent variables are product advertisement denseness, equipment investment denseness, selling goods denseness and ratio of margin as firm investment conduct.The dependent variables are earnings per share and earning growth rate as operating performance proxy variable. The empirical results are as follows:
(1) The total assets natural logarithm and ratio of margin also have significantly positive effects on earnings per share, however equipment investment denseness have significantly negative effect on earnings per share.
(2) The staff population natural logarithm, total assets natural logarithm, product advertisement denseness, selling goods denseness and ratio of margin also have significantly positive effects on earning growth rate.
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Chen, Shengwei, and 陳昇衛. "Establish the Procedure and Application for Individual Identification of Formosan Black Bears (Ursus Thibetanus Formosanus) Based on Molecular Markers." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62061757515263430105.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>野生動物保育研究所<br>102<br>Formosan black bears (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) are a subspecies of Asian black bears in Taiwan, which are locally endangered. Long-term population monitoring is very important for conserving endangered species. Due to the rarity and wide home range of large carnivores, it is necessary to establish the information of individual identification from wild populations through non-invasive genetic sampling and molecular genetic techniques. However, the related methods have been neither well-established for the study of Formosan black bears. Therefore, the objective was to establish procedures for individual identification of wild Formosan black bears. The procedures included several technical steps. (1) Partial control region (D-loop) sequence (685 bp) of mitochondrial DNA, a molecular marker, was used to identify the species and confirm the quality of fecal DNA from fecal samples. (2) 8 polymorphic tetranucleotide repeat (GAAA) microsatellite loci from Formosan black bears were used to evaluate the polymorphic information and identify individuals from fecal samples. (3) The sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY), zinc finger (ZF), and amelogenin (AMEL) gene as markers of gender determination with fluorescent label primer and capillary electrophoresis was used to identify the sex of individuals. These experiment conditions of the three techniques mentioned above were also tested by using blood and fecal DNA extracted from captive bears as templates, and a single-blinded trial was taken to verify the accuracy of individual identification.
The established procedures for individual identification were then applied to examine 251 fecal samples of wild Formosan black bears collected at Dafen in Yushan National Park during the acorn season (from October 2010 to February 2011). 176 fecal DNA samples were extracted, and the D-loop sequence were successfully amplified in 83 fecal DNA samples. Through genotyping in all of the selected 8 microsatellite loci, 35 individuals were identified. The expected probability of identity (P(ID)) and sibling probability of identity (P(ID)sib) both were lower than 0.01, and the polymorphic information content (PIC) was above 0.5. There were 24 males and 11 females from 35 individuals identified. Regarding the procedures for individual identification of bears, we suggest that the D-loop sequence could be amplified in advance and followed by gender determination for controlling the quality of fecal DNA. Besides, the gender determination with fluorescent label primers and capillary electrophoresis equipment is more accurate and sensitive than the agarose gel electrophoresis. Finally, these 2 microsatellite loci, UT3 and UT31, seems unsuitable for individual identification of fecal samples of Formosan black bears, and other appropriate markers can be further developed.
Keywords: Ursus thibetanus formosanus, non-invasive genetic sampling, individual identification, control region, microsatellite loci, gender determination
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Cheng, Lin Wei, and 林蔚成. "Application of Theory of Planned Behavior to Establish Mechanism for the Conflict Management of the Feng-Chia Night Market." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ue253z.
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碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>地理學系<br>102<br>As degree of globalization becomes higher,tourism has become one way of shortening culture differentiating between country and country. In order to attract international tourists to visit Taiwan. Ministry of Transportation and Communications in Taiwan proposed two significant policies which impels "the tourist multiplies plan", "opens the mainland people to come to Taiwan go sightseeing plan" to making vigorously enhance Taiwan’s tourism developing and effectively attract international tourist visitors to Taiwan. Along the government carries out few significant tourism policies . Feng-chia Night Market became one of famous night markets in Taiwan . However, while night market economy is growing quickly. In the same time, many issues were also encountered .The residents who live near the night market have to accept tourism impact , and finally possible impacts on residents 's rights and interests. even to lead to conflict between residents and night market .
Therefore ,all these issues deserved to be focused upon. Although currently there are related regulations for regulating the street vendors in night markets, they are ambiguous and ineffective. Face up to globalization and democratization, the residents have to establish the consciousness of community life and living, and coagulate core value to meet the impact of tourism development.
This paper examines the tourism conflict between Feng-chia Night Market and local residents in Taichung city. According to residents’ opinion ,background and through the analysis of the case study of conflict management between street vendors , and local residents . This study used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model is suitable for explaining residents’ participation in tourism develop behavior. At the same time, the study was employed to test the conceptual TPB model by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Meanwhile, it also examined the resident’s reasoned action model of participating in a local tourism develop behavior project, and established conflict management model. In addition, this study also examines the mediator effect of perceived behavior control between subjective norm and conflict management. Analysed the influence degree among three variables by regression analysis. Understanding the relationship among three variables.This investigation can also provide a reference for the relevant departments to plan for their future direction and to review their work for improvement.
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Chang, Hsiu-mei, and 張琇梅. "How to Establish the Brand Equity on Green Products in Emerging Market--A Case of Marketing an Electrical Bicycle in Vietnam." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62604588917492707435.
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碩士<br>國立高雄大學<br>國際高階經營管理碩士在職專班(IEMBA)<br>100<br>The purposes of this study are to identify the types of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity and test the effect on the relative business to consumer (B2C) brand equity on brand loyalty and perceived quality. Also invested the strength of environment concerned on Green Product in Emerging country, when corporate values on social responsibility will be the positive effect a determination in frame of consumer mind. First, this study understand the determinants of brand equity is a key theoretical and empirical issue in the fields of marketing and business in B2C market which has emphasized determinants at six primary levels of analysis: (1) perceived quality; (2) brand loyalty; (3) brand awareness with associations (4) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). CSR be considering the one of important key element to create the Brand Equity. The positive brand equity will be encouraged the brand preference then to purchase intention from various competitive brands to case company. This study following the STP and 4Ps analysis on marketing mix elements to research the best practice on marketing strategy and brand equity. The questionnaire was limited in south of Vietnam. Our research found the brand loyalty positively influence with brand equity; brand equity will impact the brand preference then encouraged to purchase intention. However, perceived quality, brand awareness/association and CSR were negative relative on brand equity with Green Product. Thus, to create a brand equity in Vietnam and developing the dealer distribution intensity will bring the positively influence the market benefit in case company.
Finally, the analysis reconciles some results with those of previous studies, implications of these findings for brand managers are offered. In the meantime, also provide another valuable managing thinking on those companies who’s located in emerging markets.
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Winter, Brett. "A case study determining the relevance of motor body repairs focusing on niche markets outside the insurance industry, to establish a position of competitive advantage." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2804.
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When one thinks of motor vehicle accident damage repairs, one often thinks of unscrupulous operators and a scurrilous industry. While this is regrettably often the case, there is a counterpoint, being the significant number of motor body repair firms that have invested significant sums in establishing accredited and certified motor body repair outlets, and who offer a premium service. The industry is one that is regulated by the South African Motor Body Repair Association, a body that seeks to dictate a standard of repairs by dictating membership eligibility relative to investment in equipment. Most unfortunately, this stipulation does not adequately take into account the flow of work that there may be from the motor vehicle insurance industry, and many repairers find themselves having to resort to nefarious means to ensure that business comes their way. The author of this report is a co-owner of an advanced major structural motor body repairer. Rather than stooping to unethical practices, the owners have sought to undertake a position appraisal and gap analysis with the intention of uncovering the strategic alternatives available to their firm. The firm has implemented the strategic choices highlighted by this report to good effect and has enjoyed enhanced revenue streams and business competitiveness as a result of undertaking this exercise. This report serves to document the highlights of that process.<br>Thesis (MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
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Chang, Huang-Chia, and 張黃嘉. "An investigation on how Taiwanese companies establish long-term relationships with key customers in the Chinese market: a case study of company A." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g67arp.
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碩士<br>國立政治大學<br>經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)<br>107<br>Because of the influence of globalization and market liberalization, manufacturers are no longer only threatened by local competitors, but also face challenges from all over the world. In order to survive in this highly competitive market, the traditional transactional marketing approach has proved inadequate, and many manufacturers have begun to use the relationship marketing approach to adapt to the current rapidly changing business environment. However, it will be very costly for manufacturers to implement relationship marketing for all customers, and more resources should be invested in their “key customers”. Although a lot of foreign literature has already focused on how to manage key customers, there is relatively little domestic concern on this topic.
In addition, the maturity of the technology and operational capabilities of Chinese local companies has gradually reduced the competitive advantages of Taiwanese companies in the Chinese market. In the face of such a drastic environment, how to consolidate China's local market and establish long-term cooperative relationships with key customers is a key issue for Taiwanese companies. Therefore, this study selected a successful Taiwanese tinplate can coating manufacturer as a case study object. Through in-depth interviews with the manufacturer, literature review and theoretical analysis tools (4C Strategic Marketing Analysis Model), the results present how Taiwanese companies can establish long-term and stable relationships with key customers in the Chinese market. This study anticipates that the research results will provide the strategic thinking that Taiwanese companies should have when managing key customers, enabling them to occupy a stronger position in the Chinese market.
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Huoi-Jane, Chen, and 陳慧真. "The strategic study to establish the marketing channel and to lop the local market in Mailand China --A case study of theent Group." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95020373445570306264.
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