Academic literature on the topic 'Established processes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Established processes"
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Thiel, Werner R. "New Routes to Hydrogen Peroxide: Alternatives for Established Processes?" Angewandte Chemie International Edition 38, no. 21 (1999): 3157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1521-3773(19991102)38:21<3157::aid-anie3157>3.0.co;2-e.
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Leavy, Brian. "Innovation and the Established Organization." Journal of General Management 22, no. 3 (1997): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030630709702200304.
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Fiol, Marlena, and Edward O’Connor. "Unlearning established organizational routines – Part I." Learning Organization 24, no. 1 (2017): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tlo-09-2016-0056.
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Purpose The purpose of this two-part paper is to develop a process model of unlearning established organizational routines. The model traces the interactions among three unlearning sub-processes: ostensive aspects of initial destabilization of an established routine; performative aspects of ongoing discarding-from-use of old behaviors and experimenting with new ones; and ostensive aspects of eventual release of prior understandings and development of new ones. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on evidence from psychology and cognitive science to explain the mechanisms underlying organizational processes of unlearning embedded routines. Findings The proposed model contributes to enriching current understanding of unlearning organizational routines without contradicting it. Consistent with prior understanding, destabilizing an old routine may lead to discarding it, and further discarding-from-use is likely required for continued destabilization of embedded routines. Again, consistent with prior understanding, experimenting with new behaviors may be a desired outcome of unlearning an old routine, and ongoing experimentation is likely required to sustain unlearning embedded routines. Originality/value The organizational unlearning literature provides many examples of organizational members relinquishing old routines to then make new learning possible and also provides little insight into the processes by which this occurs. The paper addresses this gap by modeling the mutually reinforcing nature of three unlearning sub-processes.
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Lugnet, Johan, Åsa Ericson, and Andreas Larsson. "Realization of Agile Methods in Established Processes: Challenges and Barriers." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (2021): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052043.
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This paper presents an explorative study and the results of 17 interviews with informants from different companies. Its purpose is to identify the challenges associated with implementing agile methods along with the established procedures for early design. The study exemplifies project leaders’ experiences and implementation efforts. As leaders of design projects, they have proposed the use of a new method that involves teams engaging in testing and evaluation, which aids in the understanding and introduction of change initiatives. The challenges that are identified are as follows: (1) a lack of approval not only from top managers but also from critical peers; (2) an unprepared organization that did not allow teamwork; and (3) a lack of specific company success factors to support new methods.
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Berends, Hans, Armand Smits, Isabelle Reymen, and Ksenia Podoynitsyna. "Learning while (re-)configuring: Business model innovation processes in established firms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (2013): 15477. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.15477abstract.
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van Burg, Elco, Sjoerd de Jager, Isabelle M. M. J. Reymen, and Myriam Cloodt. "Design principles for corporate venture transition processes in established technology firms." R&D Management 42, no. 5 (2012): 455–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2012.00695.x.
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Berends, Hans, Armand Smits, Isabelle Reymen, and Ksenia Podoynitsyna. "Learning while (re)configuring: Business model innovation processes in established firms." Strategic Organization 14, no. 3 (2016): 181–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476127016632758.
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Degnan, Tom. "Fluidized bed propane dehydrogenation technologies challenge established fixed and moving bed processes." Focus on Catalysts 2019, no. 4 (2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.focat.2019.03.001.
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Marzorati, Roberta. "Imagined communities and othering processes." Discourse and politics of migration in Italy 12, no. 2 (2012): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.12.2.05mar.
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The article explores discourses, which, strongly marked by the association between immigration and security/safety issues, shape conflicts between groups in the urban spaces. More specifically, the article analyses daily interactions in a neighbourhood located in a semi-central area of the city of Milan and the discursive strategies of established Italian residents in dealing with neighbours, shopkeepers and public space users of immigrant origin. It focuses on the specific case of a small park which, claimed by the Italian residents in the neighbourhood, is currently a space of different activities by different groups and constitutes a core of an intergroup conflict. Referring to the existent Italian literature on the social construction of immigration as a problem related to security and urban safety issues, the article focuses on how such a discourse is produced and reproduced at the local level in established residents’ discourses and practices and their imagination/s of the community of ‘us’. While the article analyses how established residents account for the changes that have occurred in their area, discursive strategies about the nature of the place and its ‘legitimate’ users as well as social practices of appropriation and control are examined in order to show the interrelation between the processes of othering and place-identity making.
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Algoe, Sara B. "Positive Interpersonal Processes." Current Directions in Psychological Science 28, no. 2 (2019): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721419827272.
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Good relationships are characterized by frequent positive social interactions, such as having fun together, sharing laughs, doing kind things for one another, and expressing gratitude. Here, building on rapidly emerging findings, I articulate core features of positive interpersonal processes for the first time. This approach leads to useful specificity in predictions about relationship consequences and simultaneously contributes to both affective and relationship science, two domains that span disciplines within the psychological literature. In turn, basic research on everyday positive interpersonal processes points toward new avenues for understanding the well-established links between good relationships and health.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Established processes"
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Löfqvist, Lars. "Innovation and Design Processes in Small Established Companies." Licentiate thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för industriell ekonomi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-6156.
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<p>This thesis examines innovation and design processes in small established companies. There is a great interest in this area yet paradoxically the area is under-researched, since most innovation research is done on large companies. The research questions are: How do small established companies carry out their innovation and design processes? and How does the context and novelty of the process and product affect the same processes?</p><p>The thesis is built on three research papers that used the research method of multiple case studies of different small established companies. The innovation and design processes found were highly context dependent and were facilitated by committed resources, a creative climate, vision, low family involvement, delegated power and authority, and linkages to external actors such as customers and users. Both experimental cyclical and linear structured design processes were found. The choice of structure is explained by the relative product and process novelty experienced by those developing the product innovation. Linear design processes worked within a low relative novelty situation and cyclical design processes worked no matter the relative novelty. The innovation and design processes found were informal, with a low usage of formal systematic design methods, except in the case of design processes for software. The use of formal systematic methods in small companies seems not always to be efficient, because many of the problems the methods are designed to solve are not present. Customers and users were found to play a large and important role in the innovation and design processes found and gave continuous feedback during the design processes. Innovation processes were found to be intertwined, yielding synergy effects, but it was common that resources were taken from the innovation processes for acute problems that threatened the cash flow. In sum, small established companies have the natural prerequisites to take advantage of lead-user inventions and cyclical design processes. Scarce resources were found to be the main factor hindering innovation, but the examined companies practiced several approaches to increase their resources or use existing scarce resources more efficiently in their innovation and design processes. Examples of these approaches include adopting lead-user inventions and reducing formality in the innovation and design processes.</p>
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Dobson, Richard R. H. "Cannabinoid modulation of death related processes in established cell lines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342126.
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Löfqvist, Lars. "Product innovation in small established enterprises : Managing processes and resource scarcity." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-139064.
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This thesis examines product innovation processes in small established enterprises. The research questions are: (1) what motivates small established enterprises to innovate, (2) how do small established enterprises perform product innovation, and (3) how do small established enterprises manage resource scarcity in their product innovation processes? To answer the research questions, a multiple case study approach was chosen with three small established enterprises as cases and different product innovation processes as embedded units of study. The data collection method used was observation during a period of five months, complemented by interviews and secondary data. Product innovation in small established enterprises seems to be motivated by solving existing customers’ problems and the need for a sustained steady cash flow. A steady cash flow is also found to be a prerequisite during the product innovation processes. Product innovation seems to occur when there is a risk of decreased cash flow and/or when existing customers can be satisfied with new products that increase their loyalty so as to secure future sales, cash flow, and the enterprise’s survival in the long run. Promising innovation ideas alone do not result in product innovation. An innovation idea must also have supportive existing customers for product innovation to occur. Product innovation processes in the studied small established enterprises are found highly context dependent, intertwined in operational processes and made possible by a small organic organization and closeness to existing customers. The product innovation processes are further found to follow a flexible and informal overall scheme optimized for decreasing market and technology uncertainty and risk, dealing with resource scarcity, and facilitating fast and easy commercialization to avoid or moderate dips in cash flow. The design processes within the innovation processes can be linearly structured or cyclical and experimental, depending on the experienced novelty. To manage resource scarcity during the product innovation processes, the studied small enterprises used many different bootstrapping methods in combination. These methods can be divided into three categories according to their overall functions: for using existing resources more efficiently, for increasing resources and to secure a fast payback on resources invested in NPD. The studied small enterprises were due to their resource scarcity further found to favor an innovation strategy, only involving new products done with known technology and targeting existing markets. This way to innovate, which creates new products in a resource-efficient way that are accepted by the enterprises’ existing markets, seems to prevent unsuccessful product innovation, while at the same time excluding technologically radical innovation and innovation targeting new markets.<br><p>QC 20140102</p>
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Sibanyoni, Lebogang Sooka. "Virtuous and vicious cycles: Managerial capabilities, strategy processes, and firm capabilities in established South African insurers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80520.
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The path towards successfully transforming established and successful firms in the 21st century remains a subject of much debate among strategic managers. This research report attempts to provide clarity to aspects of this debate that relate to managerial capabilities. It propounds on the interrelations between top management capabilities and the capabilities of firms. Specifically, the top management and the capabilities they possess. The capabilities that predominate the functioning of a firm. Including the perspectives of top management and institutionalised processes that strategies are both formed and implemented through.
The qualitative inquiry was composed of fifteen in-depth interviews. These narratives were subjected to a content and thematic analysis. The deduced themes and constructs offered insights into dynamic managerial capabilities. Along with the processes through which they function as these firms pursue their adopted transformation strategies.
The outcomes were two-fold. A map of the dominant configurations of both firm and managerial capabilities, and their associated default schools of strategy thought. Highlighting the likely existence of strategic management gaps constraining the transformative capacity of South Africa’s established insurers. The proposal of a model theorising the relationship between the dynamic managerial capabilities and the firm capabilities was also proffered.<br>Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2020.<br>Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)<br>MPhil<br>Unrestricted
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Dunning, Michael. "Britain and terrorism : a sociogenetic investigation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8553.
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This thesis is a sociogenetic investigation of terrorism that has been directed against Britain since the late eighteenth century. One of its most fundamental aims is to help lay the foundations of a figurational approach to the study of terrorism. Accordingly, I seek to answer two core and interrelated questions and apply the findings to develop an understanding of the processes and relationships that have contributed to the emergence of home-grown ‘jihadist terrorism’ in Britain. Those questions are: i) Under what figurational conditions have the concepts of terrorism and terrorist developed, in sociogenetic terms, since they were first coined during the first French Revolution in the late eighteenth century? ii) Under what figurational conditions do people act according to various designations of terrorism? In order to develop answers to these questions several kinds of terrorism figurations related to Britain are examined. The first three chapters are dedicated to exploring the research on terrorism that has grown in recent decades. Much of it fails to develop an understanding of terrorism that has sufficient detachment, and consequently can help, in some cases, to perpetuate terrorism figurations. Subsequent chapters move away from these mainstream approaches and show how terrorism figurations have developed in Britain from the time the concept ‘terrorism’ was first coined during the French Revolution. The core findings relate to how terrorism developed in antithesis to the concept of civilisation, and emerged as part of complex inter- and intra-state relationships and established-outsider figurations. As part of these processes, functional democratisation played a key role both in Britain and in Britain’s relations to other countries. Finally, I show that these processes have been central to the development of the habituses and identities of the July 7 2005 London bombers.
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Al-Tayyar, Mohammad H. (Mohammad Haytham). "Corporate entrepreneurship and new business development : analysis of organizational frameworks, systematic processes and entrepreneurial attributes in established organizations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90706.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-122).<br>Entrepreneurship is a distinctively individual concept. The individual entrepreneur works on his or her own to create a new business. Employees on the other hand function within the boundaries of the company. Employees that behave entrepreneurially collectively create the phenomenon of corporate entrepreneurship. In this thesis, we study the most common and overarching traits, characteristics and attributes of individual entrepreneurs. We analyze the most commonly prevalent traits and analyze how companies can be structured to foster strong sustainable corporate entrepreneurial ecosystems. The research also evaluates different corporate entrepreneurial models, types and frameworks through analyzing existing processes for creating corporate entrepreneurship and new business development. We explore concepts such as corporate venturing, corporate new business development, intrapreneurship, joint venturing, alliances, entrepreneurial human resource management, entrepreneurial organizational designs and business model innovation strategies. Specific companies that exemplified specific corporate entrepreneurship processes were analyzed such as DuPont 3M, IBM and Degussa AG. The concept of corporate entrepreneurship is instrumental in creating growth for companies but also could be a source of risk, where the example of Samsung Motors describes some of the negative impacts of corporate diversification. The research considers sustainable approaches for successfully implementing corporate entrepreneurship and new business develop and focus is given on the human interactions between the employee and the company.<br>by Mohammad H. Al-Tayyar.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Mathisson, Sebastian, and Ramin Afram. "En kartläggning av introduktionsprocessen för nyanställda : En studie genomförd på två restauranger." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53904.
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Introduktionsprocesser är en viktig del i många verksamheter och speciellt inom restaurangbranschen där nyanställda snabbt ska kunna arbeta självständigt. Restaurangbranschen är också en av de branscherna med högst personalomsättning, vilket kan vara ett problem. Med en genomtänkt och förbättrad introduktion vid nyanställning kan organisationer få sina anställda förstå de mål, visioner och strategier som organisationen satt upp. Detta kan då leda till att personal stannar längre på arbetsplatsen. Målsättningen med denna studie har varit att kartlägga och jämföra hur introduktionen ser ut för nyanställda inom restaurang A och B och vilka åtgärder som kan göras för att förbättra introduktionen med hjälp av etablerade teorier och modeller inom informationslogistik. För att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor har ett deduktivt angreppssätt använts där vi som undersökare gått från empiri till teori. Den data som samlats in kommer från intervjuer och enkätundersökningar som var metodvalen för undersökningen. Två stycken restaurangers introduktionsprocesser för nyanställda kartlades för att se hur de arbetar med introduktionen för nyanställda. Undersökningen gjordes med de ansvariga för respektive introduktion och de personer som varit anställda två år eller kortare. Med hjälp av de intervjuer och enkätundersökning som genomfördes med ansvariga restaurangchefer och anställda inom restaurang A och B kunde en kartläggning av nuläget presenteras. De diskussioner som förts från resultatet av studien har visat att ansvariga för introduktionerna saknar dokumentation för hur processen ska gå till. Introduktion har därför kunnat bli skiftande beroende på hur och när den genomförts. En etablerad introduktionsprocess bör införas, för att varje nyanställd ska få samma förutsättningar att kunna utföra sitt arbete enligt restaurangernas mål, visioner och strategier. De slutsatser som studien presenterar visar på förbättringsförslag genom den empiri som samlats in har kopplats ihop med teori, modeller och tidigare forskning. Dessa förbättringar har skapat introduktionsplan med etablerade processer.<br>Introduction processes are an important part of many activities, especially in the catering industry, where new employees can quickly work independently. The catering is also one of the sectors with the highest turnover, which could be a problem. With a well thought out and improved introduction for new employees, companies can get their employees to understand the goals, visions and strategies that the company had set up. This can then lead to staff staying longer at work. The aim of this study was to identify and compare how the introduction looks for new employees in the restaurant A and B and the measures that can be done to improve the introduction using the established theories and models in information logistics. To answer the thesis research questions, have a deductive approach been used where we as investigators passed from empiricism to theory. The data collected from interviews and surveys were elections approach for the investigation. Two restaurant's introduction process for new employees was surveyed to see how they work with the introduction of new employees. The survey was conducted with those responsible for each introduction and the people who have been employed for two years or less. With the help of interviews and surveys we conducted with responsible restaurant managers and employees of the restaurant, A and B could be an overview of the current situation presented. The discussions of the results of the study have shown that responsible for the introductions have no documentation of how the process should be conducted. Introduction has therefore been able to be varied depending on how and when it is completed. An established introduction process should be introduced to each new employee should have the same opportunities to carry out their work according to the restaurant's goals, visions and strategies. The conclusions of the thesis present the shows of improvement proposals by the empirical evidence gathered has been linked with the theory, models and previous research. These improvements have created introductory plan with established processes.
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Whatley, Steve Lynn. "Social processes of a professional licensing board deciding to establish mandatory continuing professional education." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1132802891.
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Sangari, Rashmeet. "Establish methodology for estimating process performance capability during the design phase for biopharmaceutical processes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106751.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.<br>Thesis: S.M. in Systems Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2016. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-92).<br>It is highly desirable to apply a systematic methodology in order to measure, improve and ensure robust process performance during process development (PD) for biopharmaceutical processes. Designing a standardized approach to leverage process performance capability or Ppk during the process design phase will enable processes to consistently meet pre-defined targets for performance and facilitate continuous improvement. The project goal is to define the criteria, which includes recommendations on optimal sample sizes, techniques to account for measurement variation, and options to leverage platform variation knowledge, for determining Ppk during process design of a biopharmaceutical product. This can be especially challenging to ascertain in early phase for biopharmaceutical processes due to low sample sizes and long product cycle times. The scope of this project includes performance measurements in drug substance manufacturing from unit operations: vial thaw to final drug substance formulation. The assessment begins with selection of an upstream or downstream process parameter followed by evaluation of variation due to the analytical method and concludes with the determination of optimal sample size and appropriate next steps. A novel decision matrix using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Precision to Tolerance (P/T) ratios is being recommended to determine the method variation. A procedure has also been designed to filter out method variation to calculate the Ppk of only the process. Additionally, the effect of sample size on Ppk has been established. Based on the results from bootstrapping, a multi-tiered approach taking into account the differing complexity of parameters to estimate Ppk at small sample sizes is being recommended. To elaborate, sample sizes greater than 11 independent batches typically provide sufficient confidence in Ppk estimates. Sample sizes from 8 to 11 batches will require uncertainty to be evaluated along with Ppk calculation, due to the width of confidence intervals. For sample sizes less than 8, the confidence intervals for the Ppk statistic are too large and not reliable. In this scenario, Bayesian analysis, a powerful tool for prediction of data, is conducted using data from other scales and molecules as historical database to estimate Ppk and the credible interval around it.<br>by Rashmeet Sangari.<br>M.B.A.<br>S.M. in Systems Engineering
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Aslam, Muhammad Bilal, Mirza Nafees Baig, and Sohail Sahms. "How to establish corporate brand?" Thesis, Linnaeus University, Linnaeus School of Business and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5975.
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<p>Technology is becoming easy to imitate day by day thus the companies involved in technology need to invest on the soft points like branding. This will give a competitive advantage over the competitors which is not possible to imitate. Thus the overall purpose of this thesis is to investigate that how a company evolved b2b selling can establish corporate brand. So three research questions were addressed:</p><ol><li>What are the major components of corporate brand building process?</li><li>How to establish corporate brand image with the customer? </li><li>How effective corporate communication can enhance the corporate brand?</li></ol><p>To reach the solution, Norden machinery as a case company was also studied. A theoretical framework was synthesized, based upon the different models and theories regarding the corporate brand building. The framework guided the authors through the entire research process.</p><p>Our empirical findings shows a quest in Norden to develop a corporate brand and during the analysis we found that the in some areas case company is following the components of brand building process that were described in the theoretical framework but there are some areas where the Norden has to improve as well.</p><p>Thus based upon the analysis it is concluded that a company can establish a corporate brand by following the brand building components vision, culture, brand objectives, brand personality, brand essence, creating brand image and corporate communication.</p>
Books on the topic "Established processes"
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Kamenskaya, Valentina, and Leonid Tomanov. The fractal-chaotic properties of cognitive processes: age. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1053569.
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In the monograph the literature information about the nature of stochastic processes and their participation in the work of the brain and human behavior. Established that the real cognitive processes and mental functions associated with the procedural side of external events and the stochastic properties of the internal dynamics of brain systems in the form of fluctuations of their parameters, including cardiac rhythm generation and sensorimotor reactions. Experimentally proved that the dynamics of the measured physiological processes is in the range from chaotic regime to a weakly deterministic — fractal mode. Fractal mode determines the maximum order and organization homeostasis of cognitive processes and States, as well as high adaptive ability of the body systems with fractal properties. The fractal-chaotic dynamics is a useful quality to examine the actual physiological and psychological systems - a unique numerical identification of the order and randomness of the processes through calculation of fractal indices. The monograph represents the results of many years of experimental studies of the reflection properties of stochastic sensorimotor reactions, as well as stochastic properties of heart rate in children, Teens and adults in the age aspect in the speech activity and the perception of different kinds of music with its own frequency-spectral structure. 
 Designed for undergraduates, graduate students and researchers that perform research and development on cognitive psychology and neuroscience.
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Office, General Accounting. Information technology management: SBA needs to establish policies and procedures for key IT processes : report to the chairman, Committee on Small Business, U.S. Senate. The Office, 2000.
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Smith, Carolyn Ann. Scheme to promote early interactive conversations: A developmental scheme to establish pre-linguistic interpersonal processes involved in sharing a conversation for children with difficulties in acquiring the abiliity to communicate. University of Portsmouth, 2001.
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Strømmen-Bakhtiar, Abbas, Roger Helde, and Elisabeth Suzen, eds. Supplemental Instruction. Volume 2: Student Learning Processes. Waxmann Verlag GmbH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31244/9783830993254.
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Supplemental Instruction is a program designed to support students in their learning process. The program consists of advanced students supervising new students, where the purpose is to improve students’ performance and reduce the risk of interruption of studies. Supplemental Instruction was established almost 50 years ago and is used today in universities around the world. This book is about student learning processes and Supplemental Instruction, which includes everything from learning activities in SI to developing guidance skills of leaders and more. The book also deals with a comparison of Supplemental Instruction with other group-oriented learning activities, and practical aspects of the programme. The book is aimed at anyone who is concerned about study quality in higher education. The contributors are researchers and lecturers at various universities from several countries. The book is part of a trilogy on Supplemental Instruction, where the themes for the other books are “Digital Technologies” and “Organisation and Leadership”. The editors of the trilogy are Abbas Strømmen-Bakhtiar, Roger Helde and Elisabeth Suzen, all three Associate Professors at Nord University, Norway.
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Eiden, Rina D. Etiological Processes for Substance Use Disorders Beginning in Infancy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0007.
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The chapter highlights results from the Buffalo Longitudinal Study, which began in infancy and was guided by a developmental cascade model. The chapter discusses the importance of the co-occurrence of parent alcohol problems with depression and antisocial behavior beginning in early childhood, and how these parental risks in infancy may predict the quality of parent–child interactions and infant–parent attachment. These processes in early childhood may set the stage for one of the most salient developmental issues at preschool age—the development of self-regulation. Together, the parent–child relationship and child self-regulation may predict one of the most clearly established pathways to adolescence substance use disorders—continuity of externalizing problems from childhood to adolescence. Finally, this chapter presents results from a developmental cascade model from infancy to adolescence, with implications for development of preventive interventions for adolescent substance use disorders.
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Öberg, PerOla. Interest Organizations in the Policy Process. Edited by Jon Pierre. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199665679.013.39.
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Early last century, a norm to integrate organized interests into the policy processes was established. Groups gained influence and the state could implement legitimate public policy. The balance between autonomy and institutional participation was evasive. Some argue that organizations were captured into powerlessness, others that special interests controlled policy processes. Now, the situation has changed. Institutional participation has decreased. Face-to-face meetings intending to solve common problems are being replaced by professional lobbying. A transparent corporatist system favoring certain interests has been replaced by less transparent pluralism. This chapter focuses on the establishment, function, and dismantlement of corporatism in the policy process.
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Anderson, Amanda. Psychology contra Morality. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755821.003.0002.
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This chapter summarizes key elements of the challenge psychology has posed to morality beginning with Freud and extending to three consequential claims of the current literature on social psychology and cognitive science: the undermining of deliberative moral agency by intuitive or automatic processes; the post-hoc or rationalizing nature of moral reasoning; and the emphasis on psychological mechanisms of self-justification. A clear resonance between the challenge to rational agency in the history of literary studies and the claims of more recent forms of psychology is established, leading to discussion of those elements of moral experience that elude both of these frameworks. Focusing on the importance of moral experience in time (especially with respect to slow processes such as grief or repair), this chapter establishes the persistent importance of moral understanding and moral transformation, both in ordinary life and in literary genres and modes.
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Salama, Mohamed, ed. Principles of Sustainable Project Management. Goodfellow Publishers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23912/9781911396857-3884.
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A unique approach to managing projects by combining the principles of sustainable management theory with the main processes and areas of knowledge in the currently established project management theory, in an applied context.
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Beckfield, Jason. New Questions and Answers about Embodied Social Inequalities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190492472.003.0002.
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How might the political-sociological concepts reviewed in Chapter 1 contribute to the distribution of population health? To connect the dots, the author begins this chapter with a reconsideration of several established facts about social inequalities in health. Next, he discusses new evidence that establishes relationships between political-sociological structures and processes described in the last chapter, and social inequalities in health. Disease is distributed unequally within populations according to socioeconomic position (SEP), even after controlling for the many behavioral and other factors that affect health and are also—variably across institutional contexts—correlated with SEP. A consideration of political sociology helps us to explain these facts. Moreover, the political-sociological context also shapes the distribution of resources that matter for health.
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de Jong, Albert. The Disintegration and Death of Religions. Edited by Michael Stausberg and Steven Engler. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198729570.013.53.
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This chapter attempts to design lines of thought that will enable scholars to establish and explain the phenomenon of ‘religion death.’ This requires some academic courage: in order to explain disappearance, presence needs to be established first. And establishing presence requires the resurrection of the notion of distinctiveness for concrete religious traditions. Once this heuristic step has been taken, it becomes possible to outline patterns of attrition, code-switching, and extinction. Two extreme cases form the book-ends of these processes: genocide on the one hand and mass conversion on the other. In between is a richly varied range of options in which outside forces and internal developments can be seen at work in continuing processes of change and adaptation that may lead to the disappearance of a particular religion. The chapter concludes with brief reflections on the responsibilities of scholars who work with religious communities that are rapidly disappearing.
Book chapters on the topic "Established processes"
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Finke, Jan Henrik, Michael Juhnke, Arno Kwade, and Heike Bunjes. "Overview of Techniques and Description of Established Processes." In Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology: Innovation and Production. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527800681.ch9.
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Richter, Nancy, Thomas Schildhauer, and Paul Jackson. "Meeting the Innovation Challenge: Agile Processes for Established Organisations." In Entrepreneurial Innovation and Leadership. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71737-1_10.
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Spiegler, Simone V., Christoph Heinecke, and Stefan Wagner. "The Influence of Culture and Structure on Autonomous Teams in Established Companies." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30126-2_6.
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Costa-Pierce, Barry A. "Rapid evolution of an established feral tilapia (Oreochromis spp.): the need to incorporate invasion science into regulatory structures." In Marine Bioinvasions: Patterns, Processes and Perspectives. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0169-4_7.
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Horlach, Bettina, and Andreas Drechsler. "It’s Not Easy Being Agile: Unpacking Paradoxes in Agile Environments." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_19.
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Abstract In this paper, we outline inherent tensions in Agile environments, which lead to paradoxes that Agile teams and organizations have to navigate. By taking a critical perspective on Agile frameworks and Agile organizational settings the authors are familiar with, we contribute an initial problematization of paradoxes for the Agile context. For instance, Agile teams face the continuous paradox of ‘doing Agile’ (= following an established Agile way of working) versus ‘being Agile’ (= changing an established Agile way of working). One of the paradoxes that organizations face is whether to start their Agile journey with a directed top-down (and therefore quite un-Agile) ‘big bang’ or to allow an emergent bottom-up transformation (which may be more in-line with the Agile spirit but perhaps not be able to overcome organizational inertia). Future research can draw on our initial problematization as a foundation for subsequent in-depth investigations of these Agile paradoxes. Agile teams and organizations can draw on our initial problematization of Agile paradoxes to inform their learning and change processes.
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Melegati, Jorge, Rafael Chanin, Afonso Sales, and Rafael Prikladnicki. "Towards Specific Software Engineering Practices for Early-Stage Startups." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_2.
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Abstract In this position paper, our goal is to argue the need for specific software development practices to early-stage startups. In order to reach this goal, we discuss the consequences of innovative and market-driven contexts, which are two of the key elements when describing software startups. We also argue that these practices could be applied to innovative initiatives within established companies since they share similar characteristics and challenges as those from startups.
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Poth, Alexander, Jan Jacobsen, and Andreas Riel. "A Systematic Approach to Agile Development in Highly Regulated Environments." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_12.
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Abstract For established domains within highly regulated environments, a systematic approach is needed to scale agile methods and assure compliance with regulatory requirements. The presented approach works adequately in small agile teams – independently of the underlying method such as Scrum, Kanban, etc. – and is scalable to more and bigger teams or even entire subsidiaries. It is based on a compliance and a quality risk dimension respectively. Both dimensions are needed to fit regulatory requirements in our finance example with more than 100 developers in one subsidiary.
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Poth, Alexander, Mario Kottke, and Andreas Riel. "Evaluation of Agile Team Work Quality." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_11.
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Abstract The maturity of organizations is measured with process assessment models like the ISO/IEC 33001. The product quality is aligned with internal and external product quality charactersitics based on models like the ISO/IEC 25010. With the shift from the Tailorism-driven process orientation to a more people centric organization, the two dimensions process and product quality have to be extened by the people or team quality dimension. The presented approach offers aspects for agile Team Work Quality (aTWQ), as well as related measurement indicators. The approach is evaluated in the large enterprise context of the Volkswagen AG. The indicators of aTWQ have been integrated and established in the agile tool box for a sustainable agile transition of the company.
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Jones, Dylan. "Process Understanding Requirements in Established Manufacture." In Process Understanding. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527637140.ch9.
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Kaselow, Andreas, Dimitri Petrik, and Sven Feja. "Exploring the Success Factors for a Launch of an Algorithmic Consulting Platform." In Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming – Workshops. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_7.
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Abstract Even the rather traditional consulting industry is not spared from digitization. Digital platforms are known to foster convergence and generativity. For the consulting industry, digital platforms offer the potential to win new customer groups who have not previously purchased consulting services before. If digital platforms for the mediation of consulting services are established by incumbent consulting companies, the new platform-based business models for the consulting market will appear. Since network effects fuel platforms, the launch phase of a platform is a serious challenge. In this paper, we examine the launch of a digital platform for the algorithmic consulting (AC) approach, due to its promising market potential. In order to research the adaptability of digital platforms for AC consulting, we perform a qualitative study of electronic documents on the actions of three successful crowdsourcing platforms. The preliminary results comprise 14 success factors for the platform launch that will be validated in a follow-up practical application. The open nature of platform design in the areas of customer access, cooperation with other platforms, interfaces, and communication appeared to be particularly important for a successful platform launch. All identified success factors can be applied to AC services and the consulting market in the future.
Conference papers on the topic "Established processes"
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Kraus, Brian. "Using Established Programs and Processes to Transform HSE Performance." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/168538-ms.
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Ponnewitz, Judith, and Hans-Joachim Bargstaedt. "The building permit – how to standardize traditionally established processes." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1560.
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<p>To get a building permit is a lengthy process involving a series of review and verification phases by the con- sultants and by the authorities and their agents. The work processes are, nowadays, governed by a large de- gree of individualistic work performances.</p><p>In order to facilitate a BIM-based building permit application, which exclusively uses the model and ist data as ist sole base of information, we analyzed traditional processes in the phase of issuing a building permit. This allows to restructure the steps of designing a building according to all required criteria and, step by step, remodel for the application of automated processes.</p><p>The facilitation of authorization processes will lead to checking machines which will already be applied by the consultants. Nevertheless, authorities need a secure way to evaluate the quality of the specific design in every regard.</p><p>For this purpose, we show how to combine different algorithms to check on the quality criteria for a building permit. There are qualitative criteria but also quantitative boundaries and also some nice-to-have items which can be compensated by alternative measures.</p>
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Pismenny, Joseph, Yeshayahou Levy, and Asaf Modelevsky. "Potential Erroneous Interpretations of Pressure Signals as Beats During Established Rotating Stall." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95269.
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Investigation of the nature and properties of dynamic processes using different methods of processing of the measured signals may lead to erroneous interpretations and conclusions. One of the reasons for erroneous interpretations is applying only one analysis method. The use of two different methods allows reducing erroneous conclusions but does not eliminate them completely. Such erroneous conclusions concerning pressure oscillations during rotating stall in axial compressors are described when two conventional methods of information processing (auto-correlation functions and frequency characteristics) were used for analyzing processes with changing frequencies and amplitudes of oscillation. These methods have been used for the analysis of aerodynamic processes during little change in frequency (a process very close to the established). This led to an erroneous estimation of the characteristics of the investigated process, namely to the interpretation of a beating effect during established rotating stall. It is shown that the use of a third method — the method of spectrograms — may allow the correct interpretation of the process, showing the absence of beats and the existence of a small change of main frequency of the rotating stall during the process, interpreted as established process. At the same time, it is shown that in the initial transient stage of pressure oscillation prior to the establishment of the rotating stall, beating or processes close to it can be observed.
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Hibbs, Barry J., Christopher Eastoe, and John W. Hawley. "NEW CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF HYDROGEOLOGIC PROCESSES IN THE RIO GRANDE BASIN ESTABLISHED BY ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-334878.
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Buono, Mario, Sonia Capece, and Francesca Cascone. "Industrial design for aircraft: models and usability for comfort in the cabin." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3296.
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This contribution introduces an innovative model of assessment and validity of the formal-dimensional-functional structure for passenger seats in economy class in the Aerospace industry. In fact in this field, the design, ergonomics and engineering determine unpublished cooperation scenarios where roles are inverted, merge and recur repeatedly, in order to establish progress in the different planning and subject areas, having a synergistic and proactive perspective. The research activities have been developed within the framework of there search project “IMM_Interiors with Multifunctional Materials_DAC_Distretto Aerospaziale Campania” (Campania Aerospace District), in which experts from different branches of knowledge such as designers, innovative materials engineers, mechanical engineers, biologists and technical physicists from the Second University of Naples were involved. The use of new methodological dimensions resulted in the identification of common activity protocols, which were used as foundations in the planning stage, interdisciplinary and shared. The aim was to obtain a passenger seat configuration suitable to meet the demands and needs of the greatest number of individuals, according to their specifications and through the integration of innovative technologies and materials. The impact of different cultural factors, the mixture of roles and subjects, the layering of competences and heterogeneous and contradictory operational references have contributed towards a shared narrative where knowledge and experience have established the key principles in the course of evaluation and validity (methodological-designing inclusive). This route has allowed the acquisition of interdisciplinary skills and expertise qualified to obtain tangible results from the identification of methodological and design issues useful to optimize, innovate and streng then the design process. The goal was to make the acquisition of user needs systematic, through investigation and evaluation methods aimed at translating them into a structured format noted on the design process according to the principles of good design. In particular studies and research of prior art patents and thorough investigation literature regarding the state of the art of existing seat configurations and structures were carried out. Feasibility, comfort and reliability of the existing solutions in order to analyse and evaluate each component of ergonomics, human factors (physical ergonomics), user centred design and new human factors (pleasantness of use), where characteristics and specific meanings of quality, understood as a user-seat interaction quality are preferred.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3296
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Du, F., C. Moreno, Z. Wang, and C. Saldana. "Incipient Plastic Strain Fields in Material Removal Processes." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-4213.
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Knowledge of the plasticity associated with the incipient stage of chip formation is important for understanding the flow field underlying transient material removal processes. The transition from an incipient state of strain to steady-state was investigated in chip formation of copper. Characterization of the flow field was made by image correlation, hardness mapping and microstructure measurement. A framework for describing the incipient straining length in chip formation as a function of process parameters was established and explained by effects of the deformation on shear plane morphology. The present results are potentially useful for enabling better informed design of processing configurations wherein transient flow fields contribute significantly to the overall deformation process, such as in grain refinement methods for bulk materials and micro-mechanical surface texturing methods based on machining.
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Skopin, I. "Modelling purposeful processes based on the geometric representation of their trajectories." In 3rd International Workshop on Information, Computation, and Control Systems for Distributed Environments 2021. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47350/iccs-de.2021.13.
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The possibilities of studying processes based on the geometric representation of their trajectories in a multidimensional space of factors and using projections of trajectories on planes suitable for analysis are discussed. A connection is established between such constructions and the spiral and snail of development. Based on the proposed projection, a development snail is defined as a special representation format of the purposeful process, expanding the possibilities of analysis of modelling results.
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Alhussan, K., M. S. Assad, O. G. Penyazkov, and I. I. Chernuho. "THRUST CHARACTERISTICS OF A JET-TYPE PULSED DETONATION COMBUSTOR." In 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NONEQUILIBRIUM PROCESSES, PLASMA, COMBUSTION, AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA. TORUS PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30826/nepcap2018-2-27.
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The dynamics of the thrust of a jet-type pulse detonation combustor (PDC) operating on heptane/air mixtures enriched in oxygen is studied. It has been established that with simultaneous enrichment of the mixture in fuel and reduction in the oxygen-to-air equivalence ratio, the thrust characteristic of the PDC deteriorates significantly: an increase in ф from 0.8 to 2.15 leads to a decrease in the thrust by almost 65%. Addition of oxygen to the heptane/air mixture is a decisive factor here, which is expressed in the direct dependence of the thrust on the oxygen content in the mixture: at [O2/air] = 0.76, the thrust reaches 200 N against 60 N at [O2/air] = 0.1.
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Domingues, Felipe, Salvatore Zingale, and Dijon De Moraes. "The pragmaticism as a route to designing: Understanding the inferential logics of sense attribution." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3214.
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The objective of this paper is to discuss the inferential logics of sense attribution to everyday objects. The arguments presented take part of a broader investigation that aims at evolving a full methodological research framework. Such framework intends to explore the possibility of development of a method of systematic analysis of the relationship established between users and objects in their context of use and specific circumstances.The starting point of the discussion is the pragmatistic maxim: “Consider what effects, that might conceivably have practical bearing, we conceive the object of our conception to have. Then, our conception of these effects is the whole of our conception of the object” (Peirce, CP 4.402). Both terms, effects and practical bearing, associated with the concept of sense, were of great importance to support the evolvement of the theoretical discourse developed in the paper. In addiction, the concept of sense adopted is also rooted in Peirce’s essays: “Our idea of anything is our idea of its sensible effects” (Peirce, CP 5.401). According to Peirce, the senses of any sign (e.g., objects) are associated with all possible effects and the practical consequences that they produce or could produce (Zingale &amp; Domingues, 2015). Thus, considering that signs can be also understood as processes of mental mediation, the practical bearings urged by sensible effects are direct linked to inferential logic mechanisms (induction, deduction, abduction) in the processes of sense attribution. Then, how to analyze intangible aspects such interpretative answers and practical consequences in the context of use and specific circumstances?The statements contained in the paper may contribute to the fields of design (practical) and semiotics and design (theoretical) in terms of providing a theoretical model. Such model intends to increase the scientific understanding of the logical mediation processes involved in artifacts fruition, which is believed to have effects on the practical processes of analysis and development of goods; and may also add knowledge to the discussions and contributions postulated by Deni (2015) and Boztepe (2007).Concluding, this contribution may bring into the field of design discussions on the comprehension of the relationship between users and their goods, introducing a purpose of a framing method of the logic of the pragmatistic dimension of artifacts. In further stages of the so-called broader investigation, the evolvement of such method aims at aiding the analyses and introduction of symbolic features into artifacts in the very early stages of design.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3214
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Azevedo Monteiro, Bruno Miguel, Helder Silva, and Rubén Tortosa. "Harnessing User Knowledge In The Construction Of Rating Flows: The Design Of A Collaborative System Applied To Academic Repositories." In Systems & Design: Beyond Processes and Thinking. Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ifdp.2016.3308.
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The artifacts developed over several ages, such as libraries, encyclopedias, and databases, show the cultural evolution of information systems. Compiling, organizing and visualizing information is a task carried out by mankind for thousands of years. The added difficulty in effectively communicating information in various sectors and services of our society reveals that an efficient communication of information is of the utmost importance in the current network society. The glut of information is directly related to the fact that the information that we are exposed, is not subject to a filtering and organization process. This reveals an urgency to develop strategies that not only prioritize the organization and searching, but also increase the efficiency of the communication process, in order to promote an efficient framework in the user’s cognitive and perceptual field. Therefore the task of designing complex information systems in an accessible manner, currently represents an important goal and an imperative task of the Design/er (Wurman, 2001), (Bonsiepe, 1997; 2000) (Rheingold, 2005), (Thackara, 2006), (Wright, 2008), (Castells, 2010), (Gleick, 2011), (Lima, 2011; 2014), (Meirelles, 2013), (Börner, 2010; 2014; 2015). The publication and the querying of articles, papers, journals, books, are an integral part of the research process. However, the querying and information visualization process in a scientific academic repository often proves to be a hard and inefficient task, because the wide range of results hardly fits in the user’s specific subject. However, if we equate that the knowledge objects are accessed by a significant number of users with a specific interest in a topic, and in the course of their research, each user handles a significant amount of results. It is then possible to consider the existence of a hierarchical and relational structure of evidences that emerges from the relationship established between the users, their specific interests and knowledge in a topic and the querying performed. Therefore, it is fundamental to consider the user’s experience and the leading role that it represents in the information filtering process.This paper aims to present key insights on the information glut problematic and proposes a new approach/system applied to the academic scientific repositories. A collaboration system is designed, in order to filter and visualize the rating flows based in the user’s experience, instead of the usual citation "object" centered approach. The focus of this work is to describe one part of the system, that is the experimental implementation of an interactive hierarchical structure.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/IFDP.2016.3308
Reports on the topic "Established processes"
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Smith, Adam, Megan Tooker, and Sunny Adams. Camp Perry Historic District landscape inventory and viewshed analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39841.
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The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) established the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources, defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. NHPA section 110 requires federal agencies to inventory and evaluate their cultural resources. Section 106 requires them to determine the effect of federal undertakings on properties deemed eligible or potentially eligible for the NRHP. Camp Perry Joint Training Center (Camp Perry) is located near Port Clinton, Ohio, and serves as an Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG) training site. It served as an induction center during federal draft periods and as a prisoner of war camp during World War II. Previous work established boundaries for an historic district and recommended the district eligible for the NRHP. This project inventoried and evaluated Camp Perry’s historic cultural landscape and outlined approaches and recommendations for treatment by Camp Perry cultural resources management. Based on the landscape evaluation, recommendations of a historic district boundary change were made based on the small number of contributing resources to aid future Section 106 processes and/or development of a programmatic agreement in consultation with the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO).
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Revill, James, Alisha Anand, and Giacomo Persi Paoli. Exploring Science and Technology Review Mechanisms Under the Biological Weapons Convention. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37559/sectec/2021/sandtreviews/01.
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Since the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) opened for signature in 1972, biology and other converging disciplines have advanced considerably. These changes could have profound implications for a science-based disarmament agreement like the BWC. To address changes in biology and biotechnology, BWC States Parties have established processes to review developments in science and technology (S&T), including annual expert meetings on this topic. However, shortcomings are evident in the current approaches and many BWC States Parties have expressed support for a more systematic review of science and technology under the Convention. This study seeks to inform discussions on establishing a dedicated and systematic S&T review process under the BWC through an examination of existing S&T review-type mechanisms employed in different regimes beyond the BWC, a survey of States Parties views on a possible review mechanism and a study of past and present discourse on this issue in the BWC. Based on the analysis conducted, this study also presents options for BWC States Parties to consider ahead of the Ninth BWC Review Conference.
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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Earth System Dynamic Intelligence - ESDI. Meteoceanics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/esdi.210414.
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Earth System Dynamic Intelligence (ESDI) entails developing and making innovative use of emerging concepts and pathways in mathematical geophysics, Earth System Dynamics, and information technologies to sense, monitor, harness, analyze, model and fundamentally unveil dynamic understanding across the natural, social and technical geosciences, including the associated manifold multiscale multidomain processes, interactions and complexity, along with the associated predictability and uncertainty dynamics. The ESDI Flagship initiative ignites the development, discussion and cross-fertilization of novel theoretical insights, methodological developments and geophysical applications across interdisciplinary mathematical, geophysical and information technological approaches towards a cross-cutting, mathematically sound, physically consistent, socially conscious and operationally effective Earth System Dynamic Intelligence. Going beyond the well established stochastic-dynamic, information-theoretic, artificial intelligence, mechanistic and hybrid techniques, ESDI paves the way to exploratory and disruptive developments along emerging information physical intelligence pathways, and bridges fundamental and operational complex problem solving across frontier natural, social and technical geosciences. Overall, the ESDI Flagship breeds a nascent field and community where methodological ingenuity and natural process understanding come together to shed light onto fundamental theoretical aspects to build innovative methodologies, products and services to tackle real-world challenges facing our planet.
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de Caritat, Patrice, Brent McInnes, and Stephen Rowins. Towards a heavy mineral map of the Australian continent: a feasibility study. Geoscience Australia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2020.031.
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Heavy minerals (HMs) are minerals with a specific gravity greater than 2.9 g/cm3. They are commonly highly resistant to physical and chemical weathering, and therefore persist in sediments as lasting indicators of the (former) presence of the rocks they formed in. The presence/absence of certain HMs, their associations with other HMs, their concentration levels, and the geochemical patterns they form in maps or 3D models can be indicative of geological processes that contributed to their formation. Furthermore trace element and isotopic analyses of HMs have been used to vector to mineralisation or constrain timing of geological processes. The positive role of HMs in mineral exploration is well established in other countries, but comparatively little understood in Australia. Here we present the results of a pilot project that was designed to establish, test and assess a workflow to produce a HM map (or atlas of maps) and dataset for Australia. This would represent a critical step in the ability to detect anomalous HM patterns as it would establish the background HM characteristics (i.e., unrelated to mineralisation). Further the extremely rich dataset produced would be a valuable input into any future machine learning/big data-based prospectivity analysis. The pilot project consisted in selecting ten sites from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia (NGSA) and separating and analysing the HM contents from the 75-430 µm grain-size fraction of the top (0-10 cm depth) sediment samples. A workflow was established and tested based on the density separation of the HM-rich phase by combining a shake table and the use of dense liquids. The automated mineralogy quantification was performed on a TESCAN® Integrated Mineral Analyser (TIMA) that identified and mapped thousands of grains in a matter of minutes for each sample. The results indicated that: (1) the NGSA samples are appropriate for HM analysis; (2) over 40 HMs were effectively identified and quantified using TIMA automated quantitative mineralogy; (3) the resultant HMs’ mineralogy is consistent with the samples’ bulk geochemistry and regional geological setting; and (4) the HM makeup of the NGSA samples varied across the country, as shown by the mineral mounts and preliminary maps. Based on these observations, HM mapping of the continent using NGSA samples will likely result in coherent and interpretable geological patterns relating to bedrock lithology, metamorphic grade, degree of alteration and mineralisation. It could assist in geological investigations especially where outcrop is minimal, challenging to correctly attribute due to extensive weathering, or simply difficult to access. It is believed that a continental-scale HM atlas for Australia could assist in derisking mineral exploration and lead to investment, e.g., via tenement uptake, exploration, discovery and ultimately exploitation. As some HMs are hosts for technology critical elements such as rare earth elements, their systematic and internally consistent quantification and mapping could lead to resource discovery essential for a more sustainable, lower-carbon economy.
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Posada, Jarred L., and David E. Caballero. Item Unique Identification Capability Expansion: Established Process Analysis, Cost Benefit Analysis, and Optimal Marking Procedures. Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada620873.
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Bolton, Laura. Lessons for FCDO Climate Change Programming in East Africa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.085.
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This rapid review synthesises evidence on FCDO climate projects across the East African region in the following countries; Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania. This review established that sector stakeholders in countries like Rwanda lacked climate impact information. This highlights the need of providing the right information in the right form to meet the end users need. The above case studies have shown the need for consistent and harmonised future climate projections that are country specific. According to a study undertaken in Tanzania and Malawi, understanding the likely future characteristics of climate risk is a key component of adaptation and climate-resilient planning, but given future uncertainty it is important to design approaches that are strongly informed by local considerations and robust to uncertainty. According to the findings from the research, policy incoherence, over-reliance on donor funding, change in leadership roles is a barrier to adaptation. There is also an urgent need for mechanisms for sharing experience and learning from methodologies, technologies, and challenges. Further, Stakeholder dialogue and iterative climate service processes need to be facilitated. This review also explores approaches to communicating climatic uncertainties with decision-makers. Particularly, presentation of data using slide-sets, and stories about possible futures.
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Hellström, Anders. How anti-immigration views were articulated in Sweden during and after 2015. Malmö University, Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare (MIM), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771936.
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The development towards the mainstreaming of extremism in European countries in the areas of immigration and integration has taken place both in policy and in discourse. The harsh policy measures that were implemented after the 2015 refugee crisis have led to a discursive shift; what is normal to say and do in the areas of immigration and integration has changed. Anti-immigration claims are today not merely articulated in the fringes of the political spectrum but more widely accepted and also, at least partly, officially sanctioned. This study investigates the anti-immigration claims, seen as (populist) appeals to the people that centre around a particular mythology of the people and that are, as such, deeply ingrained in national identity construction. The two dimensions of the populist divide are of relevance here: The horizontal dimension refers to articulated differences between "the people", who belong here, and the "non-people" (the other), who do not. The vertical dimension refers to articulated differences between the common people and the established elites. Empirically, the analysis shows how anti-immigration views embedded in processes of national myth making during and after 2015 were articulated in the socially conservative online newspaper Samtiden from 2016 to 2019. The results indicate that far-right populist discourse conveys a nostalgia for a golden age and a cohesive and homogenous collective identity, combining ideals of cultural conformism and socioeconomic fairness.
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Haynes, Richard W., Kenneth E. Skog, and Richard Aubuchon. A process to establish and use base period prices for national forest system transaction evidence timber appraisal. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-gtr-242.
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Douglas, Thomas, and Caiyun Zhang. Machine learning analyses of remote sensing measurements establish strong relationships between vegetation and snow depth in the boreal forest of Interior Alaska. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41222.
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The seasonal snowpack plays a critical role in Arctic and boreal hydrologic and ecologic processes. Though snow depth can be different from one season to another there are repeated relationships between ecotype and snowpack depth. Alterations to the seasonal snowpack, which plays a critical role in regulating wintertime soil thermal conditions, have major ramifications for near-surface permafrost. Therefore, relationships between vegetation and snowpack depth are critical for identifying how present and projected future changes in winter season processes or land cover will affect permafrost. Vegetation and snow cover areal extent can be assessed rapidly over large spatial scales with remote sensing methods, however, measuring snow depth remotely has proven difficult. This makes snow depth–vegetation relationships a potential means of assessing snowpack characteristics. In this study, we combined airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR data with machine learning methods to characterize relationships between ecotype and the end of winter snowpack depth. Our results show hyperspectral measurements account for two thirds or more of the variance in the relationship between ecotype and snow depth. An ensemble analysis of model outputs using hyperspectral and LiDAR measurements yields the strongest relationships between ecotype and snow depth. Our results can be applied across the boreal biome to model the coupling effects between vegetation and snowpack depth.
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Library, Spring. The Cycle of Learning, Memorizing, and Forgetting. Spring Library, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47496/sl.blog.17.
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