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Journal articles on the topic 'Esterification. Alcohols. Aliphatic compounds'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Wang, Jingjing, Han Yu, Zheyu Wei, Qi Li, Weimin Xuan, and Yongge Wei. "Additive-Mediated Selective Oxidation of Alcohols to Esters via Synergistic Effect Using Single Cation Cobalt Catalyst Stabilized with Inorganic Ligand." Research 2020 (January 23, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2020/3875920.

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The direct catalytic oxidation of alcohols to esters is very appealing, but the economical-friendly catalysis systems are not yet well established. Herein, we show that a pure inorganic ligand-supported single-atomic cobalt compound, (NH4)3[CoMo6O18(OH)6] (simplified as CoMo6), could be used as a heterogeneous catalyst and effectively promote this type of reaction in the presence of 30% H2O2 using KCl as an additive. The oxidative cross-esterification of various alcohols (aromatic and aliphatic) could be achieved under mild conditions in nearly all cases, affording the corresponding esters in high yields, including several drug molecules and natural products. Detailed studies have revealed that chloride ion is able to bind to the CoMo6 to form a supramolecular dimer 2(CoMo6∙Cl), which can effectively catalyze the reaction via a synergistic effect from chloride ion and CoMo6. Mechanism studies and control reactions demonstrate that the esterification proceeds via the key oxidative immediate of aldehydes.
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2

Mitamura, Yoshimichi, Yoshihiko Komori, Shigenobu Hayashi, Yoshiyuki Sugahara, and Kazuyuki Kuroda. "Interlamellar Esterification of H-Magadiite with Aliphatic Alcohols." Chemistry of Materials 13, no. 10 (October 2001): 3747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm010029h.

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3

Liu, Mingyang, Zhanrong Zhang, Huizhen Liu, Zhenbing Xie, Qingqing Mei, and Buxing Han. "Transformation of alcohols to esters promoted by hydrogen bonds using oxygen as the oxidant under metal-free conditions." Science Advances 4, no. 10 (October 2018): eaas9319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aas9319.

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One-pot oxidative transformation of alcohols into esters is very attractive, but metal-based catalysts are used in the reported routes. We discovered that the basic ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM] OAc) could effectively catalyze this kind of reaction using O2 as an oxidant without any other catalysts or additives. The oxidative self-esterification of benzylic alcohols or aliphatic alcohols and cross-esterification between benzyl alcohols and aliphatic alcohols could all be achieved with high yields. Detailed study revealed that the cation with acidic proton and basic acetate anion could simultaneously form multiple hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of the alcohols, which catalyzed the reaction very effectively. As far as we know, this is the first work to carry out this kind of reaction under metal-free conditions.
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4

Helberg, Julian, Marta Marin-Luna, and Hendrik Zipse. "Chemoselectivity in Esterification Reactions – Size Matters after All." Synthesis 49, no. 15 (June 13, 2017): 3460–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588854.

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The reaction of carboxylic acid chlorides with secondary alcohols carrying either flexible alkyl or rigid aryl substituents was studied through a series of competition experiments. Aliphatic acid chlorides react preferentially with the aryl-substituted alcohols, while acid chlorides derived from aromatic carboxylic acids react with very low selectivity. Catalysis by 9-azajulolidine (TCAP) increases the selectivity strongly, while solvent and temperature effects are only moderate. The size of the alcohol substituents seems to impact selectivities only for rigid aryl substituents, and highest selectivities have been found for 1-(1-pyrenyl)ethanol.
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5

Kovalenko, G. A., L. V. Perminova, A. B. Beklemishev, A. L. Mamamev, and Yu V. Patrushev. "Heterogeneous Biocatalytic Processes of Esterification of Saturated Fatty Acids with Aliphatic Alcohols." Kataliz v promyshlennosti 17, no. 5 (January 1, 2017): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0387-2017-5-399-406.

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6

Zhang, Gui-Sheng. "Fe2(SO4)3· xH2O Catalytic Esterification of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols." Synthetic Communications 28, no. 7 (April 1998): 1159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397919808005956.

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7

Shekarriz, Marzieh, Sohrab Taghipoor, Ali Asghar Khalili, and Mohammad Soleymani Jamarani. "Esterification of Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols under Microwave Irradiation in the presence of Zinc Triflate." Journal of Chemical Research 2003, no. 3 (March 2003): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823403103173381.

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The esterification of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids with various alcohols (1°, 2°, 3°, benzylic) was studied under microwave irradiation in the presence of zinc triflate as catalyst; the reaction times were short and the yield of reactions was good to excellent.
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8

Мельник, Степан Романович. "Kіnetics laws of adipіc and succinic acids esterification with aliphatic alcohols C2-C5." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no. 6(67) (February 7, 2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2014.20090.

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9

Kovalenko, G. A., L. V. Perminova, A. B. Beklemishev, A. L. Mamaev, and Yu V. Patrushev. "Biocatalytic Heterogeneous Processes of the Esterification of Saturated Fatty Acids with Aliphatic Alcohols." Catalysis in Industry 10, no. 1 (January 2018): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2070050418010075.

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10

Yoswathananont, Nungruethai, Kazuki Sadaand, and Mikiji Miyata. "Inclusion Compounds of Cholic Acid with Large Aliphatic Alcohols." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 389, no. 1 (January 2002): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587250216152.

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11

Grigoryan, G. S., and A. Ts Malkhassyan. "STUDYING OF THE CONDITIONS OF ERYTHRITOL, MANNITOL, SORBITOL, XYLITOL, TARTARIC AND CITRIC ACIDS ESTERIFICATION BY USING HIGH ALIPHATIC CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ALCOHOLS." Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences 54, no. 1 (251) (April 15, 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/pysu:b/2020.54.1.017.

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A comparative study of the esterification reactions of erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, citric and tartaric acids with higher aliphatic acids and alcohols without catalysts and under conditions for acid catalysis at temperatures of 150–200ºC has been carried out. Optimum temperatures and conditions for the expediency of using solvents and acid catalysts to increase the yields of esters were determined.
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12

Wang, Fan, Qi Xiao, Pengfei Han, Sarina Sarina, and Huaiyong Zhu. "Highly efficient self-esterification of aliphatic alcohols using supported gold nanoparticles under mild conditions." Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 423 (November 2016): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcata.2016.06.010.

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13

Sugi, Yoshihiro, Kshudiram Mantri, and Kenichi Komura. "Efficient Esterification of Long Chain Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols over ZrOCl2·8H2O Catalyst." Synthesis 2005, no. 12 (2005): 1939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-869951.

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14

ZHANG, G. S. "ChemInform Abstract: Fe2(SO4)3×xH2O Catalytic Esterification of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids with Alcohols." ChemInform 29, no. 30 (June 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199830077.

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15

Gandhi, Neena N., and Kumar D. Mukherjee. "Specificity of papaya lipase in esterification of aliphatic alcohols a comparison with microbial lipases." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 78, no. 2 (February 2001): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11746-001-0237-8.

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16

Ryu, Jaihyunk, Jae Il Lyu, Dong-Gun Kim, Jung-Min Kim, Yeong Deuk Jo, Si-Yong Kang, Jin-Baek Kim, Joon-Woo Ahn, and Sang Hoon Kim. "Comparative Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Gamma-Irradiated Mutants of Rose (Rosa hybrida)." Plants 9, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091221.

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Roses are one of the most important floricultural crops, and their essential oils have long been used for cosmetics and aromatherapy. We investigated the volatile compound compositions of 12 flower-color mutant variants and their original cultivars. Twelve rose mutant genotypes were developed by treatment with 70 Gy of 60Co gamma irradiation of six commercial rose cultivars. Essential oils from the flowers of the 18 genotypes were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Seventy-seven volatile compounds were detected, which were categorized into six classes: Aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic ester, aromatic compounds, terpene alcohols, and others. Aliphatic (hydrocarbons, alcohols, and esters) compounds were abundant categories in all rose flowers. The CR-S2 mutant had the highest terpene alcohols and oil content. Three (CR-S1, CR-S3, and CR-S4) mutant genotypes showed higher ester contents than their original cultivar. Nonacosane, 2-methylhexacosane, and 2-methyltricosane were major volatile compounds among all genotypes. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of the rose genotypes gave four groups according to grouping among the 77 volatile compounds. In addition, the principal component analysis (PCA) model was successfully applied to distinguish most attractive rose lines. These findings will be useful for the selection of rose genotypes with improved volatile compounds.
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17

Chortyk, O. T., I. E. Yates, and C. C. Reilly. "Changes in Cuticular Compounds of Developing Pecan Leaves." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 120, no. 2 (March 1995): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.120.2.329.

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Leaf surface compounds of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] were analyzed with regard to developmental stage and to susceptibility to infection by Cladosporium caryigenum (Ell. et Lang. Gottwald). Immature and mature leaves of two resistant (`Elliott' and `Sumner') and two susceptible (`Wichita' and `Schley') cultivars were extracted with methylene chloride. Extracts were separated by silicic acid chromatography into polar and nonpolar fractions. Constituents of each fraction were subsequently separated by gas chromatography and were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Leaf surface constituents characterized included long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic wax esters, triterpenoid constituents, aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, and diacyl glycerides. The predominant surface compounds on immature leaves were lipids such as fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and glycerides. On mature leaves, lipids declined and aliphatic hydrocarbons and triterpenoids became predominant leaf surface constituents. The changes were observed for all cultivars, regardless of genotypic response to C. caryigenum. Thus, we conclude that cuticular chemicals change dramatically during leaf maturation but do not correlate with resistance to scab disease common to certain pecan cultivars.
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18

Weißbach, Ulla, Saumya Dabral, Laure Konnert, Carsten Bolm, and José G. Hernández. "Selective enzymatic esterification of lignin model compounds in the ball mill." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 13 (August 25, 2017): 1788–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.13.173.

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A lipase-catalyzed esterification of lignin model compounds in the ball mill was developed combining the advantages of enzyme catalysis and mechanochemistry. Under the described conditions, the primary aliphatic hydroxy groups present in the substrates were selectively modified by the biocatalyst to afford monoesterified products. Amongst the tested lipases, CALB proved to be the most effective biocatalyst for these transformations. Noteworthy, various acyl donors of different chain lengths were tolerated under the mechanochemical conditions.
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19

Sushkova, S. V., S. V. Levanova, I. Glazko, and A. Alexandrov. "ESTERIFICATION OF CITRIC ACID WITH ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS С2-С5." Fine Chemical Technologies 12, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2017-12-3-28-32.

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20

Sahu, Abha, and Aniruddha B. Pandit. "Kinetic Study of Homogeneous Catalyzed Esterification of a Series of Aliphatic Acids with Different Alcohols." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 58, no. 8 (January 24, 2019): 2672–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04781.

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21

Mironowicz, Agnieszka, Krystyna Kukułczanka, and Antoni Siewiński. "Substrate specific hydrolysis of aromatic and aromatic-aliphatic esters in orchid tissue cultures." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 62, no. 1-2 (2014): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1993.004.

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We found that tissue cultures of higher plants were able, similarly as microorganisms, to transform low-molecular-weight chemical compounds. In tissue cultures of orchids (<i>Cymbidium</i> 'Saint Pierre' and <i>Dendrobium phalaenopsis</i>) acetates of phenols and aromatic-aliphatic alcohols were hydrolyzed, whereas methyl esters of aromatic and aromatic-aliphatic acids did not undergo this reaction. Acetates of racemic aromatic-aliphatic alcohols were hydrolyzed with distinct enantiospecificity.
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22

Miyoshi, Norikazu, Masashi Asaoka, Yasuaki Miyazaki, Takahiro Tajima, Makoto Kikuchi, and Makoto Wada. "The Convenient and Useful Esterification of Bulky Tertiary Alcohols Using Strontium Compounds." Chemistry Letters 41, no. 1 (January 5, 2012): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2012.35.

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23

Mantri, Kshudiram, Ryo Nakamura, Kenichi Komura, and Yoshihiro Sugi. "Esterification of Long Chain Aliphatic Acids with Long Chain Alcohols Catalyzed by Multi-valent Metal Salts." Chemistry Letters 34, no. 11 (November 2005): 1502–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2005.1502.

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24

Rosset, Isac G., Maria Cecília H. T. Cavalheiro, Elisabete M. Assaf, and André L. M. Porto. "Enzymatic Esterification of Oleic Acid with Aliphatic Alcohols for the Biodiesel Production by Candida antarctica Lipase." Catalysis Letters 143, no. 9 (June 28, 2013): 863–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-013-1044-0.

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25

Nishina, Yuta. "Ir-Catalyzed Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds Using Biogenetic Alcohols." Inorganics 7, no. 9 (September 12, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7090114.

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Biomass has gained great attention as an alternative to fuel-derived chemicals. This report concerns new catalytic systems consisting of [IrCp*Cl2]2 (Cp*: Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) for the reduction of aldehyde and biogenetic alcohols as hydrogen sources. [IrCp*Cl2]2 has been used as a transfer hydrogenation catalyst using fossil fuel-derived alcohols as hydrogen sources in the presence of a base. In contrast, our system does not require any base, and the reaction can proceed in water. Various types of biogenetic alcohols can be used as hydrogen sources, such as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and glycerol. Aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes, as well as ketones, were successfully reduced to the corresponding alcohols in the present system.
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26

Kiyooka, Syun-ichi, Mahuyu Ueno, and Eri Ishii. "Iridium-catalyzed oxidative esterification reaction of aliphatic aldehydes and olefinic alcohols with precoordination of the double bond of alcohols to iridium." Tetrahedron Letters 46, no. 27 (July 2005): 4639–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.04.093.

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27

Miyoshi, Norikazu, Masashi Asaoka, Yasuaki Miyazaki, Takahiro Tajima, Makoto Kikuchi, and Makoto Wada. "ChemInform Abstract: Convenient and Useful Esterification of Bulky Tertiary Alcohols Using Strontium Compounds." ChemInform 43, no. 24 (May 21, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201224068.

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28

Park, Sung Ho, Jun Seong Park, Tae Won Ko, Yong Sung Park, and Je Wan Woo. "Esterification of 5-Norbornene-2,3-Dicarboxylic Anhydride under Titanium Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.642.

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Norbornene dicarboxylate was synthesized through esterification under titanium catalyst. The alcohols are 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, n-octanol, 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexanol, and n-decanol. The Structures of compounds were identified by 1H-NMR, and then components were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The yield and purity was over 90 % and 95 %, and color of compounds was colorless or light yellow. The maleate as a by-product was occured by the retro Diels-Alder reaction.
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29

Porwal, Jyoti, Neha Karanwal, Savita Kaul, and Suman L. Jain. "Carbocatalysis: N-doped reduced graphene oxide catalyzed esterification of fatty acids with long chain alcohols." New Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 2 (2016): 1547–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj02095f.

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Nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) was found to be an efficient metal free and heterogeneous catalyst for the esterification of different fatty compounds including Bischofia javanica and Toona ciliata fatty acids with long chain alcohols.
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30

Pei, Guojing, Yuxia Liu, Guang Chen, Xiangai Yuan, Yuan-Ye Jiang, and Siwei Bi. "Unveiling the mechanisms and secrets of chemoselectivities in Au(i)-catalyzed diazo-based couplings with aryl unsaturated aliphatic alcohols." Catalysis Science & Technology 8, no. 17 (2018): 4450–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cy01352g.

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31

Mozga, Tomáš, Zbyněk Prokop, Radka Chaloupková, and Jiří Damborský. "Chiral aliphatic hydroxy compounds in nature: A review of biological functions and practical applications." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 74, no. 7-8 (2009): 1195–278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2009038.

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Chirality is a phenomenon that pervades the life on the Earth and has a tremendous importance for our daily lives. Many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, food additives, pheromones, fragrances and cosmetics are chiral. Chiral compounds play an essential role in biological systems, mainly for chemical communication among living organisms, serving as sex pheromones, aggregation pheromones, alarm pheromones, trail pheromones, attractants or repellent agents. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the biologically relevant chiral aliphatic hydroxy compounds, which are divided into eight classes according to their chemical structure: primary alcohols, secondary alcohols, tertiary alcohols, glycols and diols, hydroxy ketones, hydroxy carboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic esters and hydroxy amines. Information on biological functions and practical applications is summarized for each class. This information could be of interest to chemists, biochemists, biologists and pharmacists. A review with 475 references.
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32

Lakouraj, Moslem Mansour, Mahmood Tajbakhsh, and Masoud Mokhtary. "Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-bromine Complex; a Mild and Efficient Reagent for Selective Bromination of Alkenes and Oxidation of Alcohols." Journal of Chemical Research 2005, no. 8 (August 2005): 481–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823405774663246.

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Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-bromine complex (PVP–Br2) is easily prepared and used as a mild and convenient reagent for selective bromination of alkenes and at the position α-hydrogen of active carbonyl compounds. Selective oxidation of benzylic alcohols in the presence of aliphatic alcohols were also achieved at room temperature.
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33

Ambreen, Nida, Ravi Kumar, and Thomas Wirth. "Hypervalent iodine/TEMPO-mediated oxidation in flow systems: a fast and efficient protocol for alcohol oxidation." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (July 17, 2013): 1437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.162.

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Hypervalent iodine(III)/TEMPO-mediated oxidation of various aliphatic, aromatic and allylic alcohols to their corresponding carbonyl compounds was successfully achieved by using microreactor technology. This method can be used as an alternative for the oxidation of various alcohols achieving excellent yields and selectivities in significantly shortened reaction times.
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34

Kukina, Tat'yana Petrovna, Dmitriy Nikolayevich Shcherbakov, Nina Vital'yevna Panteleyeva, Ol'ga Iosifovna Sal'nikova, and Petr Vladimirovich Kolosov. "QUALITY AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF SUNFLOWER OIL DEODORIZATION DISTILLATE." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020015909.

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The composition of the sunflower oil deodorization distillate has been investigated. 18 acidic components have been identified, more than 40% of the composition of the studied sample falls on linoleic acid with F-vitamin activity. More than 30 components of neutral nature have been found that are of interest as bioactive compounds. Of these, 10 are phytosterols, 14 are triterpene alcohols, 5 are tocopherols. The diterpene hydrocarbons, alcohols and acids of the kauran structure found in the composition of deodorization distillate indicate that the original sunflower oil was native, since it is known that kauran derivatives are a chemotaxonomic marker of many plants of the compositae family, including sunflower. In addition to the above compounds, hydrocarbons (more than a quarter of the unsaponifiable matter), both aliphatic and diterpenic, in the studied sample, was found. Aliphatic components are predominantly unsaturated, which may indicate their artifact origin, i.e. they are the products of the dehydration of aliphatic alcohols. Phytadiene isomers, products of phytol dehydration and isomerization, have been found. The data obtained indicate the prospects for the use of oil deodorization distillate as a source of bioactive substances, cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceutical components.
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35

Kamble, Vidya Viswas, and Nikhil Babruvan Gaikwad. "FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES IN EMBELIA RIBES BURM. F.: A VULNERABLE MEDICINAL PLANT." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 9, no. 9 (December 1, 2016): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s3.13804.

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ABSTRACTObjective: The present study was aimed to identify the functional group present in the crude powder and various solvent extracts of Embelia ribesBurm. f. stem, leaves, and berries through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.Methods: Different plant parts of E. ribes were collected shade dried, powdered, and extracted in methanol, ethanol, and petroleum ether. Theseextracts were used to detect the characteristic peak values and their functional groups using FTIR method on a OMNI sampler attenuated totalreflectance accessory on a JASCO FTIR spectrophotometer (FTIR‐4600).Results: The crude powder of E. ribes leaves, stem, and berries FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of amino acids, amide, alkanes, carboxylicacids, alcohols, esters, ethers, aromatics, aliphatic amines, phenols, aldehyde, ketones, fluorides, halogen, alkyl halides, and nitro compound. The drymethanolic and ethanolic extracts of E. ribes leaves, stem, and berries FTIR analysis results proved the presence of alcohols, p-substituted alcoholsor phenols, phenols, alkanes, alkynes, alkenes, aldehyde, ester, ether, aliphatic amines, carboxylic acids, aromatics, ketones, disulphide, alkyl halides,halogen, and nitro compounds, whereas dry petroleum ether extract shown the presence of amide, alkanes, carboxylic acids, alcohols, p-substitutedalcohols or phenols, esters, aromatics, aldehyde, ketones, aryl disulphide, aliphatic amines, aliphatic compound, alkyl halides, and nitro compounds,respectively.Conclusion: The results of the present study produced the FTIR spectrum profile for the vulnerable medicinally important plant E. ribes Burm. f.Keywords: Embelia ribes Burm. f., Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Functional groups.
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36

Li, J., and M. Jang. "Kinetic study of esterification of sulfuric acid with alcohols in aerosol bulk phase." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 9 (September 4, 2013): 23217–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-23217-2013.

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Abstract. In this study, we hypothesize that the formation of organosulfates through the reactions between sulfuric acid and alcohols in the aerosol bulk phase is more efficient than that in solution chemistry. To prove this hypothesis, the kinetics of the organosulfate formation was investigated for both aliphatic alcohol with single OH group (e.g., 1-heptanol) and the multialcohols ranging from semivolatiles (e.g., hydrated-glyoxal and glycerol) to nonvolatiles (e.g., sucrose) using analytical techniques directly monitoring aerosol bulk phase. Both the forward (k1) and the backward (k−1) reaction rate constants of organosulfate formation via the particle phase esterification of 1-heptanol with sulfuric acid were estimated using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer equipped with a flow chamber under varying humidities. Both k1 and k−1 are in orders of 10−3 L mol−1 min−1, which are three orders of magnitude higher than the reported values obtained in solution chemistry. The formation of organosulfate in the H2SO4 aerosol internally mixed with multialcohols was studied by measuring the proton concentration of the aerosol collected on the filter using a newly developed Colorimetry integrated with a Reflectance UV-Visible spectrometer (C-RUV). The formation of organosulfate significantly decreases aerosol acidity due to the transformation of H2SO4 into dialkylsulfates. The forward reaction rate constants for the dialkylsulfate formation in the multialcohol-H2SO4 aerosols were also three orders of magnitude greater than the reported values in solution chemistry. The water content (MH2O) in the multialcohol-H2SO4 particle was monitored using the FTIR spectrometer. A large reduction of MH2O accords with the high yield of organosulfate in aerosol. Based on this study, we conclude that organosulfate formation in atmospheric aerosol, where both alcohols and sulfuric acid are found together, is significant.
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37

Xu, Ying, Limin Zhang, Wei Lv, Chenguang Wang, Congwei Wang, Xinghua Zhang, Qi Zhang, and Longlong Ma. "Two-Step Esterification–Hydrogenation of Bio-Oil to Alcohols and Esters over Raney Ni Catalysts." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (July 5, 2021): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070818.

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Fast pyrolysis bio-oil is very difficult to be used because of its acidity, instability, high degree of unsaturation, etc. Processes for property upgrading are necessary and required. In this study, three kinds of Raney Ni catalysts were prepared and used to investigate two-step esterification–hydrogenation (TEH) to upgrade the light fraction of bio-oil. The results show that the first step in esterification markedly decreased the content of active compounds such as acids and ketones and aldehydes and increased the content of alcohols and esters (from 10.53% to 47.55%), which improved the bio-oil stability and was favorable for the following hydrogenation reaction. The second step of TEH (hydrogenation) further improved the quality of the bio-oil over Raney Ni and metal-modified Raney Ni catalysts at 140 °C. In particular, the Mo-RN catalyst displayed the best hydrogenation effect, with only 5.44% of acid content, and the stable component content reached 90.16%. This may be attributed to the higher hydrogenation activity from Raney Ni combined with acid MoOx species and the thermal stability of the catalyst. Moreover, the obtained upgraded bio-oil mixture could be used as a solvent for raw bio-oil’s esterification. Therefore, it has the potential to reduce methanol solvent usage and energy consumption for solvent separation during the two-step treatment of raw bio-oil in this context. Compared with the OHE (one-step esterification-hydrogenation) process, THE showed a better performance for raw bio-oil upgrading with higher alcohols and stable compounds, which is more favorable for the saturation and stability of bio-oil’s complex components step by step.
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38

Ioffe, Sema L., Roman A. Kunetsky, Alexander D. Dilman, Konstantin P. Tsvaygboym, Yury A. Strelenko, and Vladimir A. Tartakovsky. "A New Strategy for the Synthesisof γ-Nitro Alcohols from Aliphatic Nitro Compounds." Synthesis 2003, no. 09 (2003): 1339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-40203.

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39

Tan, Eric, Margherita Zanini, and Antonio M. Echavarren. "Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐Alkynylation of Aliphatic Oximes as Masked Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 59, no. 26 (April 15, 2020): 10470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202002948.

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40

Sada, Kazuki, Takashi Kondo, and Mikiji Miyata. "Resolution of aliphatic alcohols by hydrogen bond “double hooks” of cholanamide inclusion compounds." Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 6, no. 11 (November 1995): 2655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0957-4166(95)00349-t.

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41

Tan, Eric, Margherita Zanini, and Antonio M. Echavarren. "Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐Alkynylation of Aliphatic Oximes as Masked Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols." Angewandte Chemie 132, no. 26 (April 15, 2020): 10556–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.202002948.

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42

BAMOHARRAM, Fatemeh F., Majid M. HERAVI, Javad EBRAHIMI, Ali AHMADPOUR, and Mojtaba ZEBARJAD. "Catalytic Performance of Nano-SiO2-Supported Preyssler Heteropolyacid in Esterification of Salicylic Acid with Aliphatic and Benzylic Alcohols." Chinese Journal of Catalysis 32, no. 5 (May 2011): 782–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-2067(10)60219-7.

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43

Payra, Soumen, Arijit Saha, and Subhash Banerjee. "On-water magnetic NiFe2O4 nanoparticle-catalyzed Michael additions of active methylene compounds, aromatic/aliphatic amines, alcohols and thiols to conjugated alkenes." RSC Advances 6, no. 98 (2016): 95951–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra21160g.

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Here, we have demonstrated Michael addition of active methylene compounds, aromatic/aliphatic amines, thiols and alcohols to conjugated alkenes using magnetic nano-NiFe2O4 as reusable catalyst in water.
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44

Jain, Sapana, B. L. Hiran, and C. V. Bhatt. "Oxidation of Some Aliphatic Alcohols by Pyridinium Chlorochromate -Kinetics and Mechanism." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 1 (2009): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/907071.

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Kinetics of oxidation of some aliphatic primary and secondary alcoholsviz.,ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol and 2-methyl butanol by pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) have been studied in water- perchloric acid medium. The reaction shows first order dependence with respect to pyridinium chlorochromate [PCC] and hydrogen ion [H+]. The rate of oxidation decreases with increase in dielectric constant of solvent suggests ion-dipole interaction. Activation parameters have been evaluated. Products are carbonyl compounds and free radical absence was proved. A tentative mechanism has been proposed.
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45

Breitenlechner, Stefan, and Thorsten Bach. "Kinetic Study on the Esterification of Hexanoic Acid with N,N-Dialkylamino Alcohols: Evidence for an Activation by Hydrogen Bonding." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0513.

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The pseudo-first order rate constant for the esterification of hexanoic acid (1) and five different N,N-dialkylamino alcohols (2) was determined in comparison to 1-hexanol (k = 0.67 · 10−5 s−1). The values range from 0.60 · 10−5 s−1 to 9.3 · 10−5 s−1. The data suggest a differing reactivity for structurally related compounds, which is directly correlated to the ability of the corresponding amino alcohol to activate the carboxylic acid by hydrogen bonding. A seven-membered transition state C≠ is postulated for reactions of 2-amino alcohols. The fastest reaction was observed for trans-2-(N,N-dimethylamino) cyclohexanol (2e), in which the amino and the hydroxyl groups are in an almost perfect synperiplanar 1,2-position. Attempts to further enhance the rate of the esterification by the addition of potential catalysts failed. Only Cu(OTf)2 (2.5 mol-%) allowed for a moderate rate increase from 7.5 · 10−5 s−1 (uncatalyzed) to 14.8 · 10−5 s−1 (catalyzed) in the esterification of hexanoic acid (1) with 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethanol (2a).
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46

Rojas, Antonia, Estrella Duque, Andreas Schmid, Ana Hurtado, Juan-Luis Ramos, and Ana Segura. "Biotransformation in Double-Phase Systems: Physiological Responses of Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E to a Double Phase Made of Aliphatic Alcohols and Biosynthesis of Substituted Catechols." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 6 (June 2004): 3637–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.6.3637-3643.2004.

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ABSTRACT Pseudomonas putida strain DOT-T1E is highly tolerant to organic solvents, with a logPow (the logarithm of the partition coefficient of a solvent in a two-phase water-octanol system of ≥2.5. Solvent tolerant microorganisms can be exploited to develop double-phase (organic solvent and water) biotransformation systems in which toxic substrates or products are kept in the organic phase. We tested P. putida DOT-T1E tolerance to different aliphatic alcohols with a logPow value between 2 and 4, such as decanol, nonanol, and octanol, which are potentially useful in biotransformations in double-phase systems in which compounds with a logPow around 1.5 are produced. P. putida DOT-T1E responds to aliphatic alcohols as the second phase through cis-to-trans isomerization of unsaturated cis fatty acids and through efflux of these aliphatic alcohols via a series of pumps that also extrude aromatic hydrocarbons. These defense mechanisms allow P. putida DOT-T1E to survive well in the presence of high concentrations of the aliphatic alcohols, and growth with nonanol or decanol occurred at a high rate, whereas in the presence of an octanol double-phase growth was compromised. Our results support that the logPow of aliphatic alcohols correlates with their toxic effects, as octanol (logPow = 2.9) has more negative effects in P. putida cells than 1-nonanol (logPow = 3.4) or 1-decanol (logPow = 4). A P. putida DOT-T1E derivative bearing plasmid pWW0-xylE::Km transforms m-xylene (logPow = 3.2) into 3-methylcatechol (logPow = 1.8). The amount of 3-methylcatechol produced in an aliphatic alcohol/water bioreactor was 10- to 20-fold higher than in an aqueous medium, demonstrating the usefulness of double-phase systems for this particular biotransformation.
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47

Fernandes, Gabriel D., Raquel B. Gómez-Coca, María del Carmen Pérez-Camino, Wenceslao Moreda, and Daniel Barrera-Arellano. "Chemical Characterization of Major and Minor Compounds of Nut Oils: Almond, Hazelnut, and Pecan Nut." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2609549.

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The aim of this work was to characterize the major and minor compounds of laboratory-extracted and commercial oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut. Oils from sweet almond, hazelnut, and pecan nut were obtained by means of an expeller system, while the corresponding commercial oils were provided from Vital Âtman (BR). The contents of triacylglycerols, fatty acids, aliphatic and terpenic alcohols, desmethyl-, methyl-, and dimethylsterols, squalene, and tocopherols were determined. Oleic, palmitic, and linoleic acids were the main fatty acids. Desmethylsterols were the principal minor compounds withβ-sitosterol being the most abundant component. Low amounts of aliphatic and terpenic alcohols were also found. The major tocopherol in hazelnut and sweet almond oils wasα-tocopherol, whereasγ-tocopherol prevailed in pecan nut oil. Principal component analysis made it possible for us to differentiate among samples, as well as to distinguish between commercial and laboratory-extracted oils. Heatmap highlighted the main variables featuring each sample. Globally, these results have brought a new approach on nut oil characterization.
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48

Pedersen, J. A., M. A. Yeager, and I. H. Suffet. "Characterization and mass load estimates of organic compounds in agricultural irrigation runoff." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 9 (May 1, 2002): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0215.

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Investigations of agricultural chemicals in surface runoff typically target nutrients or specific pesticides; however, numerous other organic compounds are regularly applied to agricultural fields in pesticide formulations, irrigation water, soil amendments and fertilizers. Many of these compounds have toxicological significance. We conducted a broad spectrum analysis of surface runoff from individual irrigated agricultural fields in coastal southern California to characterize organic compounds amenable to analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and to estimate the mass flux of selected chemicals. Aqueous phase extracts contained several pesticides, as well as personal care product ingredients and pharmaceutically active compounds apparently derived from treated wastewater used for irrigation. Several compounds potentially associated with pesticide adjuvants were also present in aqueous phase extracts. Dissolved NOM constituents in water phase extracts included n-fatty acids, aliphatic alcohols and plant terpenoids. Tentatively identified compounds sorbed to suspended particles included pesticides, a fecal sterol, aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons, aliphatic alcohols, aldehydes, and C14 and C16n-fatty acids and fatty acid esters. Bicyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were identified in both aqueous and suspended particle phases. Constituent concentrations, including total suspended solids (TSS), varied over the course of the sampled events by up to an order of magnitude, and typically were not correlated with flow. Variation in sorbed organic compound concentrations often did not parallel those for TSS concentration. Mass load estimates were strongly influenced by the choice of sampling interval.
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49

Cha, Hee-Jeong, Jin-Byung Park, and Seongsoon Park. "Esterification of Secondary Alcohols and Multi-hydroxyl Compounds by Candida antarctica Lipase B and Subtilisin." Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 24, no. 1 (January 5, 2019): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12257-018-0379-1.

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50

Taketoshi, Ayako, Tamao Ishida, Toru Murayama, Tetsuo Honma, and Masatake Haruta. "Oxidative esterification of aliphatic aldehydes and alcohols with ethanol over gold nanoparticle catalysts in batch and continuous flow reactors." Applied Catalysis A: General 585 (September 2019): 117169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2019.117169.

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