Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Estimation de conductivité thermique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Estimation de conductivité thermique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Acem, Zoubir. "Nouveaux composites graphite/sel destinés au stockage de l'énergie thermique à haute température : De l'élaboration au développement de méthodes de caractérisation thermique de matériaux conducteurs orthotropes." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00263601.
Full textLa première partie détaille les travaux relatifs à l'élaboration et la caractérisation thermique de ces nouveaux composites. On y présente les différentes voies d'élaboration des composites (dispersion, compression uniaxiale, isostatique) associées aux différents types de graphite (graphite naturel expansé (GNE), graphite synthétique) investigués au cours de cette thèse. On y retrouve également les résultats liés à la campagne de caractérisation thermique de ces composites permettant de mettre en exergue l'impact du graphite sur les propriétés conductrices des matériaux étudiés. A partir de ces résultats, des études de modélisation de l'évolution de la conductivité thermique ont pu être entrepris afin d'approfondir la compréhension de l'effet du graphite (quantité, taille de particules) sur la conductivité effective des composites.
La deuxième partie présente essentiellement les dispositifs de caractérisation thermique et les modèles thermocinétiques associés qui ont du être développés et adaptés aux spécificités des matériaux nouvellement élaborés. Cela concerne principalement les matériaux élaborés par compression, matériaux difficilement reproductible et possédant des propriétés orthotropes. La caractérisation de ce type de matériaux s'avère très délicate et pour le moins fastidieuse. C'est pourquoi nous nous sommes attachés à développer et adapter les moyens de caractérisation existants afin de permettre la caractérisation thermique complète d'un matériau conducteur orthotrope à partir d'une seule mesure sur un seul échantillon
Gaspar, Jonathan. "Fluxmétrie et caractérisation thermiques instationnaires des dépôts des composants face au plasma du Tokamak JET par techniques inverses." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4739/document.
Full textThis work deals with the successive resolution of two inverse heat transfer problems: the estimation of surface heat flux on a material and equivalent thermal conductivity of a surface layer on that material. The direct formulation is bidimensional, orthotropic (real geometry of a composite material), unsteady, non-linear and solved by finite elements. The studied materials are plasma facing components (carbon-carbon composite tiles) from Tokamak JET. The searched heat flux density varies with time and one dimension in space. The surface layers conductivity varies spatially and can vary with time during the experiment (the other thermophysical properties are temperature dependent). The two inverse problems are solved by the conjugate gradient method with the adjoint state method for the exact gradient calculation. The experimental data used for the first inverse problem resolution (surface heat flux estimation) is the thermogram provided by an embedded thermocouple. The second inverse problem uses the space and time variations of the surface temperature of the unknown surface layer (infrared thermography) for the conductivity identification. The confidence calculations associated to the estimated values are done by the Monte Carlo approach. The method developed during this thesis helps to the understanding of the plasma-wall interaction dynamic, as well as the kinetic of the surface carbon layer formation on the plasma facing components, and will be helpful to the design of the components of the future machines (WEST, ITER)
Staïcu, Dragos. "Conductivité thermique des combustibles nucléaires hétérogènes." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0018.
Full textThe thermal properties of nuclear fuels must be known in order to predict their behavior under irradiation and to verify that it is compatible with the safety criterion. The existing fuels are U02 and (U,Pu)02, but some new materials are being studied at the CEA (future fuels, actinide incineration). The aim of this study is to contribute to the development of a prediction method for the thermal behavior of these fuels during irradiation. This method has been validated by comparison with the measured values of the effective thermal conductivity of fresh fuel. The heat transfer problem, the influent parameters and the possible solutions are at first studied. Then a numerical method, suitable for fuels and taking into account their microstructure and their composition has been developed. The equivalent conductivity for a 20 heat transfer is calculated taking into account actual 20 microstructures obtained after analysis of micrographic sections of the material. The proposed method for converting 20/30 to estimate the value of the equivalent conductivity, uses as a ratio between the two estimates, the ratio obtained by a model corresponding to a morphology close to the• actual morphology and where the 20 prediction best matches the value calculated numerically. The analysis is validated by comparison of the thermal conductivity values measured for the (U, Pu)O2. Al203-U02, MgAl204-U02, U02 and Mo fuels and for B4C-HfB2. The method is then applied to the (U,Pu)02 irradiated fuel
Ichard, Jean-Christophe. "Composites à matrice céramique à conductivité thermique améliorée." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12625.
Full textLachance, Olivier. "Conductivité thermique et perméabilité intrinsèque de la neige compactée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30712/30712.pdf.
Full textMartin, Bruno. "Étude de l'anisotropie de la conductivité thermique des superisolants." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10292.
Full textLachance, Olivier, and Olivier Lachance. "Conductivité thermique et perméabilité intrinsèque de la neige compactée." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25083.
Full textLa perméabilité intrinsèque et la conductivité thermique de la neige sont deux paramètres essentiels pour effectuer l'analyse numérique du comportement thermique de milieux poreux. Plusieurs mesures de ces paramètres ont été effectuées successivement sur des échantillons de neiges compactées recueillis à l'Université Laval. La mesure de la conductivité thermique a été effectuée selon la méthode du fil chaud. Pour la perméabilité intrinsèque, un perméamètre à air à double mur fût conçu pour des expériences en laboratoire. La perméabilité intrinsèque et la conductivité thermique variaient respectivement de 1.1 x 10-8 à 8.0 x 10-11 m2 et de 0.09 à 0.48 W/mK pour des échantillons de neige ayant des porosités s'étalant entre 0.32 et 0.75. Les résultats se comparent bien avec ceux trouvés dans la littérature. Des modèles de prédiction des propriétés ont été examinés pour chacune des propriétés avec la porosité et le diamètre des grains.
Bourgeois-Hope, Patrick. "Étude du gap supraconducteur du FeSe par la conductivité thermique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9903.
Full textGriesser, Aurélia. "Réalisation de matériaux composites à conductivité thermique accrue pour l’aéronautique." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR14699/document.
Full textTo reduce pollution emitted by air transport, high temperature materials used in hot parts of aircraft engines could be replaced by ceramic matrix composites (CMC). To integrate these materials, they must support the harsh environment encountered inside the engine (temperature ≥ 1400 ° C, oxidation / corrosion), while having properties equivalent to current superalloys (thermal conductivity, mechanical strength). This work was aimed to establish a material architecture presenting all properties required, and to develop and characterize this composite. This procedure has helped to identify the phenomena involved in the development of composites. Various optimizations, as process, material architecture and composition, have lead to the establishment of a dense CMC. Measured properties have proved that these materials can be used for the intended application
Lory, Pierre-François. "Dynamique de réseau et conductivité thermique dans les alliages métalliques complexes." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY042/document.
Full textComplex metallic alloys are long range ordered materials, characterized by large cells, comprising several hundreds of atoms and cluster building blocks. A key property of CMAs is the low lattice thermal conductivity (1.3 W/m. K), which suggests a potential application for CMAs for thermoelectricity. Despite recent advances structure determination, the nature of the phonons modes remains an open question: do the clusters playing a role? Are there critical modes? To tackle this problem, my PhD project aims to understand the vibrational modes at atomic scale and the relation to lattice thermal conductivity in o-Al13Co4 which is an approximant of the quasicrystal, decagonal phase AlNiCo and the clathrate Ba8Ge40.3Au5.25. In this worked we have used Inelastic Neutron and X-ray Scattering experiments and atomic scale simulations, based on density functional theory and empirical pair potentials.A detailed analysis of the results of inelastic scattering experiments on monocrystals for the acoustic branches have shown, for the first time, a finite lifetime for acoustic phonons when they interact with the low-lying dispersion-less excitations due to atoms in the cluster. In both systems, we observe that when an acoustic branch flattens near the zone boundary, the phonon lifetime is a few picoseconds. The phonon lifetime is approximately independent of temperature like the lattice thermal conductivity. Lattice and molecular dynamics simulations with DFT and empirical, oscillating pair potentials show that the finite phonon lifetime is an anharmonic effect, due to structural disorder, explaining the weak temperature of the phonon lifetime. For o-Al13Co4, we have calculated the thermal conductivity with the Green-Kubo method based on equilibrium MD simulations. For Ba8Ge40.3Au5.25 we have developed a phenomenological model based on individual phonon modes. In conclusion, we have demonstrated how structural complexity affects thermal conductivity through the lattice dynamics
Lenain, Alexis. "Conductivité thermique des alliages métalliques amorphes en conditions cryogéniques et applications." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI100.
Full textBulk metallic glasses possess an amorphous structure without any atomic longrange ordering unlike their crystalline counterparts. They exhibit particularproperties due to this amorphous structure, which is very promising for futureindustrial applications. In particular, their thermal conductivity is very low compared to other metallic materials due to the absence of crystalline lattice. Thus, these alloys show some insulating properties, leading to low heat losses. This PhD work focuses on understanding the mechanisms that occur in thermal conductivity of bulk metallic glasses in order to identify suitable compositions. Several optimization methods have been carried out to minimize the thermal properties and resulted in the development of an optimized composition showing low thermal conductivity. Secondly, their joining ability has been studied with the aim to implement these alloys in an industrial device. Two different joining techniques have been faced to provide a short and a long term solution. Eventually, two patents which protect the use of beneficial compositions developed in this work have been filed. Besides, prototypes have been produced using the two processes studied in this work and show enhanced performances compared to the current solution
Delhomme, Georges. "Quantification de l'irrigation sanguine tissulaire par microcapteurs implantables à diffusion thermique." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T279.
Full textAdjali, Mohamed Hicham. "Etude d'une méthode de détermination de la conductivité thermique de matériaux au cours d'un changement de phase." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0017.
Full textThe capabilities of the thermal probe for determining the thermal conductivity have been studied in phase change materials. A numerical modeling in ID cylindrical coordinates has been performed in order to predict thermal behaviour of the probe-material system. Lt takes into account the important variation of specific heat. An enthalpy formulation suppres the need of calculating the solid-liquid interface position. Faisability and limits of the method have been obtained from simulations. Lt needs evaluation of sensitivity coefficients for all parameters. Calculated and noised thermograms have allowed to develop a modified Gauss minimisation method wich removes instability and divergence caused by linear dependence of sensivity coefficients. An experimental set up has been carried out and water-agar gel conductivity has been determined
Rigacci, Arnaud. "Élaboration d'aérogels de silice monolithiques et étude des relations entre leur structure et leur conductivité thermique équivalente." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0836.
Full textJuneau, Fecteau Alexandre. "Étude de la symétrie du paramètre d'ordre dans le supraconducteur à base de fer KFe[indice inférieur 2]As[indice inférieur 2]." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/72.
Full textPoulaert, Bernard. "Le matériau polymère : de l'isolant au conducteur thermique." Université catholique de Louvain, 1987. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-02272009-120116/.
Full textSirois, Philippe. "Estimation de la conductivité hydraulique des sables granitiques saturés." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25445.
Full textDuverger, Eric. "Etude sous pression partielle d'oxygène et à haute température de l'évolution de la conductivité dans les structures pérovskites : application à l'étude de BaTiO3 pur et dopé en accepteur." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS031.
Full textAzizi, Smail. "Conductivité thermique des matériaux poreux humides : mesure par méthode flash et interprétation." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10014.
Full textQuelin, Xavier. "Caractérisation de la conductivité thermique d'un monocristal de polydiacétylène par effet mirage." Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066216.
Full textFillion, Marie-Hélène. "Mesure de la conductivité thermique et de la perméabilité intrinsèque d'assemblages de cailloux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25911/25911.pdf.
Full textBurger, Nicolas. "Amélioration de la conductivité thermique des résines époxy par incorporation de charges conductrices." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0183/document.
Full textAerospace and Aeronautics applications require more and more high-performance technology. More specifically, in some advanced materials such as radiator panels in satellites, the heat dissipation is a real concern for engineers, in order to avoid any premature degradation or any other negative behavior of the material. Hence, improving the thermal conductivity of some satellite’s components has become an important issue. This PhD work helped us studying and understanding in details the heat transfer mechanisms by conduction. More precisely, some parameters, such as the influence of interfaces, the mean inter-particle distance or any modification in the linearity of a crystalline structure, were revealed to be pretty detrimental for improving the thermal conductivity. The dispersion state, fillers functionalizations or nanoparticles did not necessarily show an enhancement of the thermal conductivity, but could eventually impact on other properties, such as electrical conductivity. However, some intrinsic parameters of the filler, such as the particle’s size, the aspect ratio, the specific surface area, the crystallinity or the morphology of the filler, are essential to enhance the thermal conductivity of an epoxy-based material. This work allowed us to illustrate the complexity of the thermal conduction mechanisms, through the results obtained and the assumptions made in the following manuscript. Besides, in the context of this PhD work, the materials considered here are epoxy-based composites, widely used in satellites applications. The main objective of this work is therefore to improve the thermal conductivity of epoxy resins by incorporating thermally-conductive fillers. An original study is also proposed here, based on structured and aligned thermally-conductive fillers, in order to highlight the importance of the anisotropic aspect of thermal conductivity. Several fillers were then studied, revealing graphite and graphene as most interesting particles. The industrial objective of this PhD work has been amply achieved, through a thorough study of these particles
Jadal, Mariam. "Conception et caractérisation d'un échangeur-stockeur composé d'un matériau à changement de phase dopé en conductivité." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4008.
Full textThe recovery of thermal waste is an important factor to improve the efficiency and economy of energy. Latent heat storage appears to be a promising solution of this problem and to synchronize the production and consumption of energy. We are interested in industrial applications with short thermal cycles. However, Phase Change Materials have low thermal conductivity. A concept based on paraffin and Expanded Natural Graphite (ENG) was manufactured and characterized. PCM has crystallization kinetics with two different transformations. The crystallization kinetics function of each transformation has been identified. The planar thermal conductivity, and the thermal contact resistance was identified in solid and liquid phases, using an experimental device coupled with a numerical model developing an inverse method. A phase change study of a plate and of an encapsulated aluminum cylinder was carried out using three energy conservation methods (enthalpy method, apparent specific heat, and crystallization kinetics), and experimentally validated. A 2D finite element simulation, associated with an analytical method was used for a tubular exchanger composed of a network of plate. Finally, an aging study of a single plate and encapsulated cylinders was carried out. The study confirms the thermal stability of the composite material
Daon, Joffrey. "Matériaux d'Interface Thermique Nanostructurés." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC082/document.
Full textWith progress in microelectronics, the miniaturization of devices is a current issue and the component density on a device follows Moore’s law. As a consequence the power density reaches levels that challenge device reliability. New heat dissipation strategies are needed to efficiently drain heat.Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are used to transfer heat across interfaces, for example between the device and its packaging. However, to meet microelectronics requirement, commercials TIMs still need to be highly thermally conductive.In order to achieve these requirements, this work is focused on the use of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) and functional polymers. All thermal contact resistances existing in TIMs, from VACNTs / Polymer / to substrate are studied.Interaction optimizations are based on the study of different polymers which are specially designed to develop covalent bonding with the CNTs sidewalls and/or metallic surface. The interest of these covalent bondings is to improve the thermal transfer by phonons. Finally, the increase of the intrinsic thermal conductivity of the polymer is considered.Regarding the results, a decrease of all thermal contact resistances is shown. In order to have a better understanding of these results, the thermal interfaces obtained are analyzed in situ
Prevost, Marie-Anne. "Etudes de nouvelles céramiques pour barrière thermique." Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809130.
Full textFilali, Mohamed. "Conductivité thermique apparente des milieux granulaires soumis à des contraintes mécaniques : modélisation et mesures." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2006. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7454/1/filali.pdf.
Full textBerton, Jean-Philippe. "Analyse de la périphérie du combustible nucléaire à fort taux de combustion : étude du mono-uranate de césium, C2UO4." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0133.
Full textCaesium is one of the most abundant fission product of thermal and fast reactor. Under reactor operating conditions, it migrates to the periphery of the cylindrical fuel pellets and reacts with uranium dioxide to form caesium uranates. This work first determines the thermal stability and chemical stability of Cs2UO4. Caesium uranate was prepared by heating a mixture of caesium carbonate and U3O8 in air at 943°K. The reaction product was characterised by X-ray diffraction and was chemically stable up to about 1073°K in inert atmosphere. The decomposition into Cs2U2O7 and Cs20 was investigated by thermogravimetry and X-ray analysis. Cylindrical pellets prepared by pressing (hot pressing) the caesium uranate powder to 90% of the theoritical density, were used to give simple relations for the thermal conductivity and the expansion coefficient versus temperature. The samples have been tested in a mechanical testing machine in order to get the principal tends of the mechanical properties of cesium mono-uranate. The results obtained so far improve the knowledge of the mechanical properties of the caesium uranate. Lt can be anticipated that the visco-plasticity of caesium uranate is high enough to ensure a more favourable distribution of the mechanical stresses at the pellet periphery during power ramp
Ziaiifar, Aman Mohammad. "Mécanisme d'imprégnation en huile au cours de friture." Paris, AgroParisTech, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGPT0084.
Full textThis research was performed to better understand the oil absorption during deep-frying. High oil content in fried products is one of the major issues making them unsuitable for daily consumption. In spite of all research efforts, fried products still contain significant amounts of oil. Experimental studies were performed in order to show by which mechanisms, where and when the oil absorption takes place during frying process. At first, the effect of pore development on the oil uptake was studied. The physical properties of adhered oil at the surface of product on this uptake were then studied. Finally, the effective thermal conductivity of crust and core regions and their effect on heat transfer were investigated. Potatoes were cut into rectangular shapes and fried at different oil temperatures (140, 155, 170, and 185 C). An improved Lees apparatus was successfully used to determine the effective thermal conductivity of fried samples. Results showed that the oil uptake increases as the oil bath temperature decreased from 185 to 140‹C. During the frying period, the porosity increases due to forceful water evaporation and pore formation. However, during the cooling period, it starts to decrease as a result of the absorbed oil implanted in the pore spaces and collapse phenomenon. During the cooling period, when the surface oil temperature tends to decrease, the adhered oil interfacial tension and viscosity increase, resulting in more oil absorption. The different regions of product (core and crust) showed different thermal conductivity behaviours. The physico-chemical changes of product which occur during frying influence the thermal conductivity at these regions. In the core region, the starch gelatinization, taking place during the first minutes of frying (3 min), causes an increase in core thermal conductivity; while the moisture loss which starts after 3 min of frying decreases thermal conductivity. In the crust region, the thermal conductivity decreases with frying time due to moisture loss and formation of a porous structure
David, Laurent. "Développement de la microscopie thermique à sonde locale pour la détermination de la conductivité thermique de films minces : application aux céramiques pour le nucléaire." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0065/these.pdf.
Full textLn order to understand and characterize the phenomena of transport of thermal energy at microscopie and submicroscopic scales, Thermal Scanning Probe Microscopy (SThM) is promising. Based on the analysis of the thermal interaction between an heated probe and a sample, it permits to probe the matter at the level of micrometrie size in volumes. This work more particularly relates to the study ofthin films thermal conductivity. We propose a new modelling of the prediction of measurement. This model allows not only the calibration of the method for the measurement of bulk material thermal conductivity but also to specify and to better describe the probe - sample thermal coupling and to estimate, from its inversion, thin films thermal conductivity. This new approach of measurement has allowed the determination of the thermal conductivity of micrometrie and submicrometric thicknesses of mesoporeux silicon thin film. For the lower thicknesses of film, we give new data. Our mode] has allowed a better definition of the in-depth resolution of the apparatus. We also developed the technique by the vacuum setting of SThM. Our first results are encouraging and validate the description of the coup ling used in our model. Our method was applied to the study of ceramics under consideration in the composition of future nuclear fuels. Because of the limitations of SThM in terms of sensitivity to thermal conductivity and in-depth resolution, measurements were also undertaken with a modulated thermoreflectance microscope. Our results permit to propose a first estimate of the degradation of the thermal conductivity, caused by an irradiation with energy heavy ions, of the ceramics considered
Ben, amor Aymen. "Investigations expérimentales du transport thermique et électronique dans des nanofils hétérostructurés 3C/2H." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0113.
Full textThis research project presents an experimental exploration of thermal, electrical and thermoelectric properties of 3C/2H heterostructured Si and Ge nanowires. These studied nanowires are made by the Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies of the University of Paris-Saclay, thanks to an original method which allows the creation of phase transformations in these nanowires. This results in a 3C/2H heterostructures along the nanowires with abrupt interfaces, giving hope for a significant reduction in their thermal conductivity without significantly altering their electronic properties. First, we showed the strong diameter dependence on thermal transport in such heterostructured nanowires. On the other hand, the annealing temperature during the phase transformation, which influences the size and the number of 2H domains, can constitute an effective parameter for reducing thermal conductivity. This study constitutes the first experimental evidence of reduced thermal conductivity in such types of nanowires. Then, with the aim of evaluation the electrical and thermoelectric properties of nanowires, an original prototype was developed during this thesis. This prototype allows simultaneous and real-time imaging of thermal and electrical conductivities and the Seebeck coefficient at the nanometric scale
Jeancolas, Antoine. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation micromécanique du comportement de composites hybrides : optimisation de la conductivité thermique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0285/document.
Full textThe increase of electronic components in the integrated circuits and the required electrical power set the question of the dissipation of the heat generated. The electrical box must favor the heat dissipation while maintaining electrical insulation. The solution chosen to transfer the heat is to develop composite materials whose reinforcements by their structure will improve the thermal conductivity. Polymer-based composite materials were chosen for their building ability. Thermal conductivity and electrical insulation are insured by ceramic reinforcements. The homogenization methods allow to improve the composites’ design according to the properties of their constituents, their geometry and their distribution. They thus provide an optimized formulation of materials satisfying the characteristics emanating from the industrial partner (‘Institut de Soudure’). The expected thermal conductivity of the composites imposes a high volume fraction of reinforcements to counterbalance the insulating polymer matrix. Homogenization methods have been developed to provide predictions of effective thermal conductivity for high (greater than 20%) reinforcement rates and high thermal conductivity contrasts. The presence of an interphase resulting from strong physico-chemical incompatibilities between the components must also be modeled
Ruellan, Jérémie. "Conception, fabrication et caractérisation d'un capteur de conductivité thermique à base de nanofils de silicium." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAY025/document.
Full textSemiconducting nanowires are nowadays the topic of numerous research for their interesting physical properties. Relying more specifically on the thermal properties of nanostructures, the purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate the feasibility of a thermal conductivity detector based on silicon nanowires for pressure sensing (Pirani gauge) or gas detection. The work presented herein addresses the questions raised by the reduction of the objects size such as the increase of the noise or the thermal conduction in a rarefied gas and tries to bring a solution to those problematics. This work deals with all the steps required for the realization of such devices. That is, the design and simulation of the sensor, based on a detailed study of the physical behavior of the objects, the fabrication of such devices on 200mm wafers by the CEA-Leti cleanroom using standard microelectronics processes and finally their characterization as a pressure sensor and gas detector. The work presented here is part of a wider project that aims at developing of a portable gas detection system for air or water analysis
Vergne, Bruno. "Mise en forme de composites nanotubes de carbone/alumine et modélisation de leur conductivité thermique." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/a8757fd1-fa58-4fb7-aa6b-b7e8f1f46286/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4032.pdf.
Full textDue to the very high thermal conductivity and aspect ratio of Carbon NanoTubes (CNT), their introduction in alumina matrices, even in low amounts, is expected to improve the thermal conductivity of the resulting composites. Such composites could then be used to manufacture thermal sinks for high power electronic circuits, provided that the coefficient of thermal expansion keeps a value close to that of alumina in order to get an intimate contact between the substrate and its sink. Researches on the formulation of alumina/CNT suspensions were carried out and led, after shaping and sintering, to quite homogeneous composites. In comparison with pure alumina, although a great improvement of the electrical conductivity of composites was recorded as early as a few vol. % of CNT were added, an opposite trend was observed for the thermal conductivity. We showed that the decrease of the thermal conductivity can not be caused only by the lowering of the relative density of the material. The refinement of simple computing model, taking into account the thermal resistances at the CNT/matrix and CNT/CNT interfaces, allowed to predict almost quantitatively this thermal conductivity loss
Kiryukhina, Kateryna. "Pâtes à braser à base d'oxalate d'argent pour applications électroniques fortement dissipatives : de l'intérêt des particules nanométriques issues de la décomposition de l'oxalate d'argent." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3081/.
Full textIn the field of new generation power electronic devices, transistor manufacturing technologies made a spectacular breakthrough, with properties that enable to increase the output power by ten, in comparison to currently used solutions. This rise is accompanied by a heat release and currently used die-attach materials, with limited thermal properties, don't enable taking full advantage of these new components. Within this context, this thesis presents the development of a new high thermal conductivity interconnection material, processed under 300°C and a low pressure. This method finds its originality in the several aspects, such as the use of a chemical precursor, silver oxalate, and the transitional creation of silver nanoparticles inside the solder itself, enabling to avoiding their direct handling
Djeran-Maigre, Irini. "Etude des diffusions thermique et hydraulique dans une argile soumise à un champ de température." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENPC9108.
Full textThe thermal conductivity of clays is the fondamental parameter which governs the thermal diffusion and the pore pressure of the rock mass under thermal loading. Experiments have been untertaken in a reduced model, respecting representative boundary conditions. They show that the thermal conductivity depends on temperature in an unfavorable sense to the decrease of heat. On the other hand, the outflow of pore water, from the source to the exterior, has a low amplitude. A simple model of porous medium allows the observations and illustrates the effects of the variation of conductivity on the behaviour of rock mass. Finally, thanks to the numerical formulations specially developed, we examine the incident of the particularities of proposed models on the thermohydromechanical behaviour of geometricallysimple structures subjected to a given thermal loading
Préaud, Sébastien. "Oxydes thermoélectriques à structures complexes." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS101.
Full textInGaO₃ (ZnO)m oxides are homologous compounds with lamellar crystalline structures, and are part of a larger group of semiconductors named TCO (Transparent conductive oxides). This family of materials find most of its applications as thin films in displays screens like tin-doped In₂O₃ (ITO), but they are also good candidates for thermoelectric (TE) applications. To date, very few TE materials are resistant in oxidising conditions at high temperature and therefore the search for new materials is needed. The aim of this thesis is to study the synthesis and the thermoelectric properties of InGaO₃(ZnO)m compounds. Two types of synthesis coupled with Spark plasma sintering densification method were used: the solid state synthesis and the Pechini-type sol-gel synthesis. Both synthesis type lead to dense single phase InGaO3(ZnO)m compounds (m=1-7, 9) at lower temperatures and lower cost than the one described in the literature. The thermal conductivity measurements of the samples have low values of the order of 1,5 W.m⁻ ¹ K⁻ ¹, which is significantly lower than the values exhibited by other compounds of the TCO family. Last, several doping tests were performed (Ti, Hf, Zr, Sn, Al), but none lead to electrical conductivity values satisfying the minimum benchmark for applications
René, De Cotret Samuel. "Évolution des quasiparticules nodales du cuprate supraconducteur YBa[indice inférieur 2]Cu[indice inférieur 3]O[indice inférieur y] en conductivité thermique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6600.
Full textMishra, Ketaki. "From the determination of thermal properties of fibers to multiscale modeling of heat transfer in composites." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT4047.
Full textThe prediction of effective thermal properties of composite requires information at small scale and also appropriate numerical 3D models able to account explicitly the local distribution of fibers. In our work, the 3ω method is used for estimating the axial and radial thermal conductivities and volumetric heat capacity of single carbon fiber. Using analytical and numerical models, a sensitivity analysis is performed for choosing a proper frequency range. A constant current source with differential and lock-in amplifiers are used to measure the thermal conductivity of chromel, and FT300B, FT800H carbon fibers. The measured axial thermal conductivities are in good comparison with the literature values. The estimated radial thermal conductivity of FT300B carbon fiber is 10 times lower than the axial one and shows much larger confidence band due to smaller. sensitivity coefficients. The computation of the effective thermal conductivity by homogenization technique is done for uniform square cell microstructures (100 fibers) along with composite tapes (700 fibers). The effective properties of tapes are interesting for advanced manufacturing techniques such as Automated Fiber Placement (AFP). A 3D thermal model is developed for the tapes heated by a laser source. Meshes in resemblance to the multiple microstructures of Solvay and Suprem tapes are generated. The heat source distribution within the composite during manufacturing is presented and the temperature distribution shows a strong inhomogeneity of the temperature inside the tape. The calculated average temperature is compared with the experimental results. Results confirm the need for specific continuous models
Kadiebu, Kandolo Stéphanie. "Elaboration d'éléments de support dans des dispositifs thermoélectriques multicouches." Limoges, 2005. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/42edd2a4-0685-4221-9e42-fc78498a6f9d/blobholder:0/2005LIMO0021.pdf.
Full textThe design and fabrication of a high performance thermoelectric generator based on ceramic technology is envisaged. The system consists of n and p-type semi-conducting layers deposited on a thermally insulating dielectric substrate. The present work is devoted to the choice and preparation of the material for the substrate. The desired characteristics for a low thermal conductivity are an amorphous solid with a porous microstructure. Two raw materials were selected as candidates. The first is a clay, made of layered minerals for which dehydroxylation at 600°C leads to a disordered structure and the second is diatomite, a material constituted of amorphous silica with and inherent natural porosity inside plate like grains. Sintering the clay at 800°C yields a material with thermal conductivity of 0. 21 W/m. K at room temperature increasing to 0. 26 W/m. K at 600°C. In an attempt to decrease the thermal conductivity, the clay was mixed with fine amorphous silica or zircon. The zircon based mixture was the most effective giving a thermal conductivity of 0. 19 W/m. K which remains constant with temperature. In addition to a low thermal conductivity, diatomite presents another interesting advantage. First, tape casting was used to obtain porous layers yielding a thermal conductivity as low as 0. 08W/m. K at room temperature. Then it was found that under certain preparation conditions, the tape cast diatomite formed with a thin dense layer at the surface. This facilitates deposition of the active semi-conductor layer by avoiding loss from penetration through the open porosity of the substrate
Bernard, Benjamin. "Barrières thermiques par projection plasma de suspensions : développement et caractérisation de microstructures à faible conductivité thermique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0212/document.
Full textThe increase of operating temperature of gas turbine engines is an issue of interest for the aeronautic industry. A solution is the enhancement of thermal insulation properties of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). The present work is related to suspension plasma spraying process (SPS) that allows to consider significant improvements for the next generation of TBC systems, compared to the currently used process, namely electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). Indeed, SPS process can produce columnar microstructures able to provide high thermo-mechanical compliance. A microstructural study led to identify parameters which impacted the coating morphology (column size, distribution, and compaction). Two optimized yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) microstructures were carefully characterized to highlight SPS process advantages. Low thermal conductivities (< 1 W.m-1.K-1) were obtained within a large temperature range (25 °C – 1100 °C), compared to EB-PVD YSZ coatings (1,3 – 1,5 W.m-1.K-1). Thermal lifetime was estimated thanks to thermal cyclic fatigue tests. A similar level of thermal lifetime was reached with SPS coatings compared to EB-PVD one. Some SPS columnar coatings even showed more than 2000 cycles to failure. The ability of SPS to perform multifunctional systems, including a YSZ columnar structure with a homogeneous Gd2Zr2O7 coating on the top, was investigated. This architecture must provide a chemical protection to CMAS (CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2) aggressions. These contaminants would impede the increase of temperature in next generation of gas turbine engines. The anti-CMAS behavior was assessed for SPS Gd2Zr2O7 coatings until 1300 °C
Laden, Karl. "Développement de disques de frein à haute conductivité thermique : application aux matériaux composites à matrice aluminium." Valenciennes, 1999. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/cece2c48-3afb-4e84-9cba-a25799cbd484.
Full textThe use of light materials is more and more frequent in the field of railway transportation and braking devices are foremost in this respect because of the interest in reducing non suspended masses. Research aimed to optimising a “disc/pad” couple has essentially relied on tribological characterisations, and in particular on material transfers and on wear and damage process. Two designs have been considered for the reduced scale discs : the multimaterials discs with a coating or a molybdenum flask and the aluminium matrix composite integral discs. Various friction materials have been tested through short-length continuous braking tests of (120s) and through endurance braking tests (1200s). The composite materials are produced using the liquid method, and more particulary the vortex method. SiC particles are incorporated by mechanical mixing in an aluminium bath heated to semi-liquid state; the manipulation is carried out under a neutral gas called argon in order to avoid the material oxydation. The production parameters and the design of the mould have been optimised in order to obtain a good repartition of the reinforcement and to control porosity as well as cracks. A molybdenum coating sprayed on aluminium-based disc has been found to be unworkable since the strong difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of molybdenum and aluminium induces disbonding and crazing of the coating. The design of a solid molybdenum friction disc clamped on aluminium alloy stand disc seems more realistic and in that case, two pads – organic and ceramic – have drawn our attention. This disc seems to be particulary adapted to emergency braking. The “aluminium titanate pad / CuBe 1. 9 disc” brake system has shown remarkable tribologic performances but the use of this CuBe 1. 9 alloy seems very problematic for reasons of hygiene and health, berrylium being carcinogenic. As regards the composite materials, the effect of the type of matrix (AG3 and AS18UNG), the properties of the SiC reinforcement (12 µm, 75 µm, angular, spherical ) and its volume fraction (0, 4, 8, 10 % ) have been studied. The AS18UNG matrix composite brake discs reinforced with 10% of SiC, coupled with an organic pad, have been particulary interesting with low wear rates, good stability and a good level of the friction coefficient. Compared to the classical “organic pad / steel disc” brake system, this conception leads to a notable lightening of the disc without penalising the tribological performances, in particular under spraying
Decarlis, Arnaud. "Modélisation de la conductivité thermique de matériaux hétérogènes : application aux revêtements de coque utilisés en acoustique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11076.
Full textBrigaud, Frédéric. "Conductivité thermique et champ de température dans les bassins sédimentaires : à partir des données de puits." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20176.
Full textCamirand, Christian. "Étude de la chaleur spécifique et de la conductivité thermique des hydrures métalliques par calorimétrie différentielle." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3139/1/000668315.pdf.
Full textCabrero, Julien. "Amélioration de la conductivité thermique des composites à matrice céramique pour les réacteurs de 4ème génération." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13877/document.
Full textPrevost, Marie-Anne. "ETUDE DE NOUVELLES CERAMIQUES POUR BARRIERE THERMIQUE." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809130.
Full textTlili, Radhouan. "Études des transferts dans les matériaux hétérogènes." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST1092.
Full textThe use of composite materials in various fields of technology (microelectronics, aerospace, transportation ...) continues to grow. Such an increase is that it is possible to develop new materials with properties tailored to a specific application by combining the physical properties of different constituents.In the thesis, we focus on the study of thermophysical properties, electrical and dielectric of composites based on polymer matrix loaded with natural fibers and/or mineral particles.The final goal is to increase our knowledge on the mechanism of transfer (thermal, electrical and dielectric) in composite materials and secondly, to develop a method for measuring thermophysical properties of materials at different temperatures (-20°C etlt; Tetlt; 180°C)
Lacatena, Valeria. "Fabrication and thermal conductivity characterization of phononic engineered silicon membranes for thermoelectric applications." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10045/document.
Full textIn the last twenty years, the continuous seek for alternative energy sources to power micro- and nano-electronic devices has marked the rise of interest toward thermoelectricity. Thermoelectric materials can turn directly, by Seebeck effect, the temperature difference into useful electric power. The energy lost as waste heat can be re-used as a power source. It is known that, to improve thermoelectric efficiency, an important role is played by material’s electronic properties and its thermal conductivity. Silicon exhibits very good electrical conductivity and Seebeck parameter, but its lattice thermal conductivity represents the bigger obstacle for thermoelectric applications, preventing its direct integration as bulk material. It has been demonstrated that nanostructuring silicon in thin films enables the reduction of thermal conductivity down to one order of magnitude. Furthermore, a supplementary decrease of thermal conductivity is possible by periodical patterning of the silicon thin film in a photonic-like way, creating Phononic Crystals (PnCs). In our work molecular dynamics simulations are performed to confirm the trend envisaged and allow the definition of an optimal design for the patterned membranes. Moreover, our experimental work lists different fabrication methodologies of silicon phononic engineered membranes integrate into a metrology platform. Several characterization techniques (Electrothermal , Raman thermometry, Scanning Thermal Microscopy) are used to determine the membranes thermal conductivity. A considerable reduction of κ is obtained for silicon, paving the way for a prospective integration of those membranes into a thermoelectric converter
Nait-Ali, Benoît. "Elaboration, caractérisation et modélisation de matériaux poreux : Influence de la structure poreuse sur la conductivité thermique effective." Limoges, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIMO0038.
Full textRoussel, Philippe. "Microcapteur de conductivité thermique sur caisson épais de silicium poreux pour la mesure de la microcirculation sanguine." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1999ISAL0088/these.pdf.
Full textTissue blood flow is a pertinent parameter to characterize the microcirculation network main functions. Tissue blood flow measurement in small volume of a few mm3 offer wide applications possibility in physiology, pharmacology and neurology fields. Local measurement of the tissue thermal conductivity is a well adapted means for the quantization of tissue blood flow. Numerous probe based on this principle have been developed in the last twenty years using hybrid technologies. This study allowed the design, the realization and the characterization of a CMOS compatible microsensor for local measurement of tissue blood flow. An original concept of thermal insulation by thick porous silicon layer has been developed. Porous silicon offers a thermal conductivity a hundred times lower than that of monocrystal silicon. A prototype of a integrated probe made of a 80μm thick porous silicon layer onto a 220μm silicon layer has been realized. The microsensor is implantable probe shaped and 1mm x 300 μm in section. The probe includes a high sensitivity of 1m V /°C polysilicon / Aluminum thermopile, a polysilicon thermistor and a heating element. Finite element numerical simulations have been performed on a 2D and 3D model of the probe to describe and optimize the static and dynamic thermal behavior of the microsystem. Thermal conductivity measurements have been performed into physical models. Isoenergetic and isothermal operation of the system have been validated