Academic literature on the topic 'Estimation question type'

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Journal articles on the topic "Estimation question type"

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Iping, Supriana Ayu Purwarianti Wiwin Suwarningsih*. "ESTIMATION QUESTION TYPE ANALYZER FOR MULTI CLOSE DOMAIN INDONESIAN QAS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH SCIENCE & MANAGEMENT 4, no. 6 (2017): 59–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.583975.

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We propose an automated estimation scheme to analyze question classification in Indonesian multi closed domain question answering systems. The goal is to provide a good questioning classification system even if using only available language sources. Our strategy here is to build a pattern and rule to extract some important words and utilize the results as a feature for classification estimation of automated learning-based questions. Scenarios designed in automated learning estimates: (i) Analyzing questions, to represent the key information needed to answer user questions using target focus an
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Kazmi, Aqdas Ali. "An Econometric Estimation of Tax-discounting in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 34, no. 4III (1995): 1067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v34i4iiipp.1067-1077.

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The debt neutrality hypothesis which has been a source of major controversies in the theory of public finance, and macroeconomics has at the same time generated a vast literature on the implications of budgetary deficits and public debt on various subsectors/ variables of the economy, such as inflation, interest rates, current account deficit, etc. Tax discounting has been one of the fields of research associated with debt neutrality. The econometric estimation of some of the standard models of taxdiscounting has shown that consumer response to fiscal policy in Pakistan reflects neither the ex
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Onyango, Ronald, Brian Oduor, and Francis Odundo. "Mean Estimation of a Sensitive Variable under Nonresponse Using Three-Stage RRT Model in Stratified Two-Phase Sampling." Journal of Probability and Statistics 2022 (April 22, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4530120.

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The present study addresses the problems of mean estimation and nonresponse under the three-stage RRT model. Auxiliary information on an attribute and variable is used to propose a generalized class of exponential ratio-type estimators. Expressions for the bias, mean squared error, and minimum mean squared error for the proposed estimator are derived up to the first degree of approximation. The efficiency of the proposed estimator is studied theoretically and numerically using two real datasets. From the numerical analysis, the proposed generalized class of exponential ratio-type estimators ou
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Müller-Trede, Johannes. "Repeated judgment sampling: Boundaries." Judgment and Decision Making 6, no. 4 (2011): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500001893.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the boundaries of the recent result that eliciting more than one estimate from the same person and averaging these can lead to accuracy gains in judgment tasks. It first examines its generality, analysing whether the kind of question being asked has an effect on the size of potential gains. Experimental results show that the question type matters. Previous results reporting potential accuracy gains are reproduced for year-estimation questions, and extended to questions about percentage shares. On the other hand, no gains are found for general numerical questions
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Sivasamy, Shyam. "Sample size considerations in research." Endodontology 35, no. 4 (2023): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/endo.endo_235_23.

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ABSTRACT “What should be the sample size for my study?” is a common question in the minds of every research at some point of the research cycle. Answering this question with confident is tough even for a seasoned researcher. Sample size determination, an important aspect of sampling design consideration of a study, is a factor which directly influences the internal and external validity of the study. Unless the sample size is of adequate size, the results of the study cannot be justified. Conducting a study in too small sample size or too large sample size have ethical, scientific, practical,
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Weiss, Christoph, Sabine Enengl, Simon Hermann Enzelsberger, Richard Bernhard Mayer, and Peter Oppelt. "Does the Porter formula hold its promise? A weight estimation formula for macrosomic fetuses put to the test." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 301, no. 1 (2019): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00404-019-05410-7.

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Abstract Purpose Estimating fetal weight using ultrasound measurements is an essential task in obstetrics departments. Most of the commonly used weight estimation formulas underestimate fetal weight when the actual birthweight exceeds 4000 g. Porter et al. published a specially designed formula in an attempt to improve detection rates for such macrosomic infants. In this study, we question the usefulness of the Porter formula in clinical practice and draw attention to some critical issues concerning the derivation of specialized formulas of this type. Methods A retrospective cohort study was c
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Weselovska, Nataliya, and Sergey Shargorodskiy. "METHOD OF EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY AND RELIABILITY OPERATION OF VIBRATION MACHINES." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 4(107) (December 20, 2019): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2019-4-7.

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The use of new energy-saving technologies has led to the significant development of vibration machine designs and their widespread use. In the course of their operation, the question of efficiency and reliability of the use of this type of machines is rather acute, related to the availability and possibility of using reserves of its operation. Machines of this type must meet the requirements of quality and reliability in order to fulfill their official purpose. Due to the design features and the complexity of the processes occurring during their work, analytical calculations of durability and
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Beck, Nathaniel, and Jonathan N. Katz. "What To Do (and Not to Do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data." American Political Science Review 89, no. 3 (1995): 634–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2082979.

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We examine some issues in the estimation of time-series cross-section models, calling into question the conclusions of many published studies, particularly in the field of comparative political economy. We show that the generalized least squares approach of Parks produces standard errors that lead to extreme overconfidence, often underestimating variability by 50% or more. We also provide an alternative estimator of the standard errors that is correct when the error structures show complications found in this type of model. Monte Carlo analysis shows that these “panel-corrected standard errors
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Shelest, Mariya. "Average delay estimation for one queueing network model with resource reservation." Information and Control Systems, no. 2 (May 11, 2022): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2022-2-32-41.

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Introduction: An urgent task of today is to develop new analysis methods for complex information systems that now demand higher standards for maintaining data integrity. One of the important quality characteristics of such systems is average transaction time. However, currently there are almost no mathematical models and speed estimation tools for such systems. Purpose: To develop and analyze a distributed information system model based on queueing networks. Results: A type of information systems that demand higher standards for maintaining data integrity has been described, the corresponding
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Sobota, Aleksander. "The method of estimation of influence the type of intersection into environmental conditions." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 121 (June 1, 2018): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4617.

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Functioning of transport system is determine by the quality of service realized by infrastructure of different transport branches. In case of road transport, very important are intersections. These objects are usually a bottleneck in the network. Therefore, the correct selection of the intersection type is really important in the planning and projecting process of infrastructure. So, decision problem have to be solved by the projectors, who have an influence on these process. But the selection of the intersection type is also the multi-criteria problem. Therefore the answer on the question lik
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Books on the topic "Estimation question type"

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Allison, Diana. Estimating and Costing for Interior Designers. 2nd ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501361081.

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Math is an essential component of the interior design profession. Estimating and Costing for Interior Designers, Second Edition, teaches readers a logical process for calculating materials and estimating the costs of installed products based on their math calculations. Fully updated and revised, this book utilizes step-by-step examples and worksheets to simplify the math used in the interior design field. Sample problems and exercises take the calculations of quantities needed one step further to actually applying material and labor costs, in order to discover the installed costs of the specif
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Beran, Michael J., Bonnie M. Perdue, and Theodore A. Evans. Monkey Mathematical Abilities. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.025.

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Monkeys are mathematicians, albeit imprecise ones. Comparative research has illustrated that monkeys use quantitative and numerical information, and this chapter outlines many of those findings. We begin with an historical summary of work with primates in assessing the role that number plays in these animals’ lives. We then focus on the question of whether primates can count and can use symbols to represent numerical information. Evidence for counting is limited, but they can make judgments of ordered magnitudes, and they can learn to associate symbols with various quantities and numbers of it
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Book chapters on the topic "Estimation question type"

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Sivia, D. S. "Non-parametric estimation." In Data Analysis. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198568315.003.0006.

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Abstract In Chapters 2 and 3, we dealt with problems which entailed the estimation of the values of a few well-defined parameters; the analysis was then extended, in Chapter 4, to cover the case where there was some doubt as to their optimal number. Now let ‘s move on to the most difficult situation, in which we want to draw inferences about an object of interest but don ‘t have enough information, or confidence, to be able to characterize it by a specific type of functional model. This is a rather open-ended question that requires us to think of both a suitable description and any weak constr
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Ivezi, Željko, Andrew J. Connolly, Jacob T. VanderPlas, et al. "Classical Statistical Inference." In Statistics, Data Mining, and Machine Learning in Astronomy. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691151687.003.0004.

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This chapter introduces the main concepts of statistical inference, or drawing conclusions from data. There are three main types of inference: point estimation, confidence estimation, and hypothesis testing. There are two major statistical paradigms which address the statistical inference questions: the classical, or frequentist paradigm, and the Bayesian paradigm. While most of statistics and machine learning is based on the classical paradigm, Bayesian techniques are being embraced by the statistical and scientific communities at an ever-increasing pace. The chapter begins with a short compa
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Li, Quan. "Regression Analysis." In Using R for Data Analysis in Social Sciences. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190656218.003.0005.

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This chapter teaches how to use R to conduct regression analysis to answer the question: Does trade promote economic growth? It demonstrates how to specify a statistical model from a theoretical argument, prepare data, estimate and interpret the statistical model, and use the estimated results to make inferences and answer the question of interest. More specifically, it discusses the logic of regression analysis, the relationship between population and sample regression models, how to estimate a regression model in theory and practice, the estimation of sample regression model using OLS (ordin
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Lane, Jo Ann, and Barry Boehm. "System-of-Systems Cost Estimation." In Emerging Systems Approaches in Information Technologies. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-976-2.ch012.

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As organizations strive to expand system capabilities through the development of system-of-systems (SoS) architectures, they want to know “how much effort” and “how long” to implement the SoS. In order to answer these questions, it is important to first understand the types of activities performed in SoS architecture development and integration and how these vary across different SoS implementations. This article provides results of research conducted to determine types of SoS lead system integrator (LSI) activities and how these differ from the more traditional system engineering activities d
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Lane, Jo Ann, and Barry Boehm. "System-of-Systems Cost Estimation." In Enterprise Information Systems. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-852-0.ch406.

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As organizations strive to expand system capabilities through the development of system-of-systems (SoS) architectures, they want to know “how much effort” and “how long” to implement the SoS. In order to answer these questions, it is important to first understand the types of activities performed in SoS architecture development and integration and how these vary across different SoS implementations. This article provides results of research conducted to determine types of SoS lead system integrator (LSI) activities and how these differ from the more traditional system engineering activities d
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Goertz, Gary, and James Mahoney. "Causes-of-Effects versus Effects-of-Causes." In A Tale of Two Cultures. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691149707.003.0003.

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This chapter examines two approaches used in social science research: the “causes-of-effects” approach and the “effects-of-causes” approach. The quantitative and qualitative cultures differ in the extent to which and the ways in which they address causes-of-effects and effects-of-causes questions. Quantitative scholars, who favor the effects-of-causes approach, focus on estimating the average effects of particular variables within populations or samples. By contrast, qualitative scholars employ individual case analysis to explain outcomes as well as the effects of particular causal factors. Th
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Todorov Diman, Setchi Rossi, and Bayer Antony. "Entropic Dimensionality Reduction in Discriminating Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-105-2-199.

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A set of 479 Mini-Mental State Examinations (MMSE) is analysed with the goal of discriminating between Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia. The patient’s gender has been considered as a predictor in addition to answers of MMSE questions. While similar work has been previously reported, fewer patients were studied and methods inappropriate for 0/1 data were used. The study identifies entropic measures as best suited to analysing this type of data. Performance of five such methods at ordering MMSE questions by decreasing order of information contributed to diagnosis is
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Henriksson Aron, Kvist Maria, and Dalianis Hercules. "Prevalence Estimation of Protected Health Information in Swedish Clinical Text." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-753-5-216.

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Obscuring protected health information (PHI) in the clinical text of health records facilitates the secondary use of healthcare data in a privacy-preserving manner. Although automatic de-identification of clinical text using machine learning holds much promise, little is known about the relative prevalence of PHI in different types of clinical text and whether there is a need for domain adaptation when learning predictive models from one particular domain and applying it to another. In this study, we address these questions by training a predictive model and using it to estimate the prevalence
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"Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation." In Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation, edited by Charles K. Minns, Susan E. Doka, Carolyn N. Bakelaar, Peter C. E. Brunette, and William M. Schertzer. American Fisheries Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569124.ch27.

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<em>Abstract.—</em> The quality and quantity of habitats determine ecosystem productivity. Hence, they determine the potential fish productivity that sustains the fish harvests extractable from freshwaters and seas. Efforts to conserve and protect fish habitats are frustrated by key unanswered questions: which habitat types and how much must be protected to ensure natural self-sustaining fish stocks? Minns and Bakelaar presented a prototype method for assessing suitable habitat supply for fish stocks in Lake Erie, an analysis that can be used to address conservation issues. Here, t
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"Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation." In Fish Habitat: Essential Fish Habitat and Rehabilitation, edited by Charles K. Minns, Susan E. Doka, Carolyn N. Bakelaar, Peter C. E. Brunette, and William M. Schertzer. American Fisheries Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569124.ch27.

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<em>Abstract.—</em> The quality and quantity of habitats determine ecosystem productivity. Hence, they determine the potential fish productivity that sustains the fish harvests extractable from freshwaters and seas. Efforts to conserve and protect fish habitats are frustrated by key unanswered questions: which habitat types and how much must be protected to ensure natural self-sustaining fish stocks? Minns and Bakelaar presented a prototype method for assessing suitable habitat supply for fish stocks in Lake Erie, an analysis that can be used to address conservation issues. Here, t
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Conference papers on the topic "Estimation question type"

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Southey, R. D., W. Ruan, F. P. Dawalibi, and S. Fortin. "Estimating AC Mitigation Requirements for Pipelines Installed in High Voltage AC Corridors: Fault Conditions." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03698.

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Abstract A previous paper1 has addressed the question of estimating mitigation requirements for pipelines installed in high voltage AC corridors, such as to maintain induced voltages at acceptable levels during normal operating conditions on the power system. This paper addresses the more difficult problem of estimating what mitigation is required to maintain pipeline coating stress voltages within acceptable limits during fault conditions on the power system. The difficulty of this undertaking arises primarily from the fact that AC interference during fault conditions includes not only induct
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Merten, Bobbi Jo, Allen Skaja, David Tordonato, and Daryl Little. "Re-Evaluating Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for the Field Inspector’s Toolbox: a First Approach." In SSPC 2014 Greencoat. SSPC, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2014-00033.

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Abstract Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has maintained a presence in protective coatings laboratories for decades. EIS is valuable in that it captures resistive and capacitive changes to a coating film as it is exposed to the environmental conditions that produce these changes, i.e. degradations. It also assists in ranking coating systems for their anticipated corrosion protection performance, complementing qualitative, visual observations. However, the EIS equipment has lacked the robustness to be a reliable field tool, and a Faraday cage is needed to minimize electromagnetic in
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Beers, Adam. "Performing Coating and Corrosion Assessments to Maintain Military Fuel Piping." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-18027.

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Abstract The US Military has and maintains several thousand bases. Several hundred of those bases are outside the United States. The Air National Guard has several hundred installations across the United States. One commonality at each of these facilities is a Fuels Management System, that is, a collection of pipelines, storage tanks, containment dikes, pumping stations, fuel islands, and canopies. Maintaining all the above ground and underground assets is no small task so one important method of preventative maintenance includes a regular coatings and corrosion assessment/survey. A well-plann
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Faradzheva, S. S. "Estimation of adipose tissue using visual methods studies in patients with type 2 diabetes." In General question of world science. "Science of Russia", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-31-07-2019-36.

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Lee, Eric S., and Naina Garg. "Reliability of multiple-choice versus problem-solving student exam scores in higher education: Empirical tests." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11303.

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Instructors in higher education frequently employ examinations composed of problem-solving questions to assess student knowledge and learning. But are student scores on these tests reliable? Surprisingly few have researched this question empirically, arguably because of perceived limitations in traditional research methods. Furthermore, many believe multiple choice exams to be a more objective, reliable form of testing students than any other type. We question this wide-spread belief. In a series of empirical studies in 8 classes (401 students) in a finance course, we used a methodology based
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Jácome, María Amalia, Ana López-Cheda, and Samuel Saavedra. "Estimation of Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Using Presmoothing and Cure Models." In VII Congreso XoveTIC: impulsando el talento científico. Servizo de Publicacións. Universidade da Coruña, 2024. https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.9788497498913.65.

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Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer for women. Nowadays, the side-effects that some treatments against this type of cancer can be a major problem. One example of this is HER2-positive breast cancer patients. Patients are prescribed trastuzumab, a drug with anti-tumour efficacy, but this treatment can cause various undesirable effects such as heart problems, known as cardiotoxicity. With the aim of improving the quality of life of those affected, the question is clear: what is the likelihood of suffering cardiotoxicity? In this work, this probability is estimated using a new approac
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Guo, Ruocheng, Jundong Li, and Huan Liu. "INITIATOR: Noise-contrastive Estimation for Marked Temporal Point Process." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/303.

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Copious sequential event data has consistently increased in various high-impact domains such as social media and sharing economy. When events start to take place in a sequential fashion, an important question arises: "what type of event will happen at what time in the near future?" To answer the question, a class of mathematical models called the marked temporal point process is often exploited as it can model the timing and properties of events seamlessly in a joint framework. Recently, various recurrent neural network (RNN) models are proposed to enhance the predictive power of mark temporal
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Gilles, Philippe, Gongchen Zhang, and Komlanvi Madou. "Effect of the Type of Stress-Strain Law on the Validity of the Reference Stress Approach in Fracture Mechanics." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28760.

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In fracture mechanics, several J-estimation schemes are based on the reference stress approach. This approach has been developed initially in the frame of the R5 rule for creep and R6 rule for elasto-plastic fracture assessments. Later other methods, based on the reference stress concept, where derived like the Js method introduced in the French RSE-M code en 1997 and the Enhanced Reference Stress (ERS) method in Korea around 2001. However these developments are based on the J2 deformation plasticity theory and well established for a pure power hardening law. Even in this latter case, the refe
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Li, Jiyi, Yukino Baba, and Hisashi Kashima. "Simultaneous Clustering and Ranking from Pairwise Comparisons." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/215.

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When people make decisions with a number of ideas, designs, or other kinds of objects, one attempt is probably to organize them into several groups of objects and to prioritize them according to some preference. The grouping task is referred to as clustering and the prioritizing task is called as ranking. These tasks are often outsourced with the help of human judgments in the form of pairwise comparisons. Two objects are compared on whether they are similar in the clustering problem, while the object of higher priority is determined in the ranking problem. Our research question in this paper
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Shaffee, Siti Nur Amira, Faris Akmal Aminuddin, M. Aiman Irfan Nozri, Zamzila Kassim, and Sai Ravindra Panuganti. "Technoeconomic Evaluation of Ammonia Cracking for Hydrogen Production: A Question of Colors and Scale." In APOGCE 2024. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/221229-ms.

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Abstract The hydrogen economy has experienced rapid interest in recent years, emerging as a promising pathway to decarbonization. Despite its potential, hydrogen affordability is still a massive challenge particularly due to its requirement for renewable energy. For long distance hydrogen transport, ammonia is explored as a viable medium due to its matured and scaled existing infrastructure. This study delves into the role of ammonia as the hydrogen carrier, with a focus on evaluating the techno-economic viability and emission of ammonia cracking process. A comprehensive techno-economic analys
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Reports on the topic "Estimation question type"

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Nosova, Olga. Structural Changes and the Ukrainian Labour Market Organisation. Publishing House - Vilnius Business College, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57005/ab.2023.1.1.

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The article aims to analyze the structural changes and the Ukrainian labor market organization in the condition of military aggression against Ukraine. The Ukrainian economy encounters the devastating destructions and losses of economic entities, enormous capital, and labor under the effect of military aggression. Structural changes include a change in the industrial structure of production, the destruction of large enterprises, and supply chains, the loss of part of the labor force, and fluctuations between skilled and unskilled jobs. Thus, SMEs in the service sector suffer due to the reducti
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Vail, Kylin, Bret Lizundia, David Welch, and Evan Reis. Earthquake Damage Workshop (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/plbd5536.

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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that
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