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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Estimation'

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1

Yu, Kan Chi Kent. "Harmonic State Estimation and Transient State Estimation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1108.

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This thesis describes the algorithms and techniques developed for harmonic state estimation and transient state estimation, which can be used to identify the location of disturbance sources in an electrical power system. The previous harmonic state estimation algorithm is extended to include the estimation of time-varying harmonics using an adaptive Kalman filter. The proposed method utilises two covariance noise models to overcome the divergence problem in traditional Kalman filters. Moreover, it does not require an optimal covariance noise matrix of the Kalman filter to be used. The co
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Telmoudi, Fedya. "Estimation and misspecification Risks in VaR estimation." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30061/document.

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Dans cette thèse, nous étudions l'estimation de la valeur à risque conditionnelle (VaR) en tenant compte du risque d'estimation et du risque de modèle. Tout d'abord, nous considérons une méthode en deux étapes pour estimer la VaR. La première étape évalue le paramètre de volatilité en utilisant un estimateur quasi maximum de vraisemblance généralisé (gQMLE) fondé sur une densité instrumentale h. La seconde étape estime un quantile des innovations à partir du quantile empirique des résidus obtenus dans la première étape. Nous donnons des conditions sous lesquelles l'estimateur en deux étapes de
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3

Hoff, J. C. "Aircraft parameter estimation by estimation - before - modelling technique." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/10748.

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The use of the estímation-before-modellíng (EBM) two step identification procedure for the determination of aircraft aerodynamic derivatives from flight test data is analysed and illustrated. In the first step of the identification procedure the usual Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) associated with the Modified Bryson-Frazíer (MBF) smoother is compared with a new alterative filtering and smoothing process. The new smoother is simpler and less computationally demanding than the MBF smoother. However, its main advantage is that it enables simultaneous data smoothing with state derivative estimation
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4

Reynard, D. M. "Nonlinear estimation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336142.

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Mu, Yingfei. "Boundary Estimation." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25195.

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The existing statistical methods do not provide a satisfactory solution to determining the spatial pattern in spatially referenced data, which is often required by research in many areas including geology, agriculture, forestry, marine science and epidemiology for identifying the source of the unusual environmental factors associated with a certain phenomenon. This work provides a novel algorithm which can be used to delineate the boundary of an area of hot spots accurately and e ciently. Our algorithm, rst of all, does not assume any pre-speci ed geometric shapes for the change-curve. Second
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Völcker, Björn. "Performance Analysis of Parametric Spectral Estimators." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Signals, Sensors and Systems, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3323.

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7

Baba, Harra M'hammed. "Estimation de densités spectrales d'ordre élevé." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES023.

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Dans cette thèse nous construisons des estimateurs de la densité spectrale du cumulant, pour un processus strictement homogène et centré, l'espace des temps étant l'espace multidimensionnel, euclidien réel ou l'espace multidimensionnel des nombres p-adiques. Dans cette construction nous avons utilisé la méthode de lissage de la trajectoire et un déplacement dans le temps ou la méthode de fenêtres spectrales. Sous certaines conditions de régularité, les estimateurs proposés sont asymptotiquement sans biais et convergents. Les procédures d'estimation exposées peuvent trouver des applications dan
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Verma, Vishash. "Improved Slope Estimation in Organic Field-Effect Transistor Mobility Estimation." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1618703169092189.

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9

Chauvin, Jonathan. "Estimation et contrôle d’un moteur HCCI. Estimation des systèmes périodiques." Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1387.

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La combustion homogène Diesel (HCCI : Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) est caractérisée par un très fort taux de recirculation de gaz brûlés (EGR : Exhaust Gas Recirculation). Cette technique de combustion permet d’augmenter la qualité de mélange et la dilution dans le cylindre, tout en réduisant la formation des polluants. Malheureusement, ce procédé nuit à la stabilité de la combustion. Un compromis est nécessaire entre la stabilité de combustion et les performances du moteur, quantifiées en terme de couple produit, de bruit et d’émissions polluantes. C’est là le rôle du moteur. À fi
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Srinivasarengan, Krishnan. "Estimation d'état, estimation paramétrique et identifiabilité des modèles quasi-LPV." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0059/document.

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Dans cette thèse, deux problèmes liés aux approches basées sur des modèles pour le diagnostic de défauts et l'estimation du niveau de dégradation des équipements dans un bâtiment sont étudiés: la conception d'observateurs adaptatifs pour l'estimation de l'état et des paramètres, et l'analyse de l'identifiabilité des paramètres. La classe des modèles considérés est celle des modèles quasi-linéaires à paramètres variants dans le temps (quasi-LPV) avec paramétrisation affine des matrices d'état. Utilisant l'approche polytopique de Takagi-Sugeno (T-S), deux types d'observateurs sont proposés, un p
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Srinivasarengan, Krishnan. "Estimation d'état, estimation paramétrique et identifiabilité des modèles quasi-LPV." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0059.

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Dans cette thèse, deux problèmes liés aux approches basées sur des modèles pour le diagnostic de défauts et l'estimation du niveau de dégradation des équipements dans un bâtiment sont étudiés: la conception d'observateurs adaptatifs pour l'estimation de l'état et des paramètres, et l'analyse de l'identifiabilité des paramètres. La classe des modèles considérés est celle des modèles quasi-linéaires à paramètres variants dans le temps (quasi-LPV) avec paramétrisation affine des matrices d'état. Utilisant l'approche polytopique de Takagi-Sugeno (T-S), deux types d'observateurs sont proposés, un p
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12

Larsson, Martin. "Road Slope Estimation." Thesis, Linköping University, Automatic Control, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-53884.

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<p>Knowledge about the current road slope can improve several applications in a heavy-duty vehicle such as predictive cruise control and automated gearbox control. In this thesis the possibility of estimating the road slope based on signals from a vehicles air suspension system has been studied. More specifically, the measurement consists of a pressure signal measuring the axle load, and a vertical distance sensor.</p><p>A variety of suspension systems can be mounted on a Scania truck. During this thesis, two discrete-time models based on two different rear axle air suspension systems have bee
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13

Li, Jiexiang. "Nonparametric spatial estimation." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3223036.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Mathematics, 2006.<br>"Title from dissertation home page (viewed June 28, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-06, Section: B, page: 3167. Adviser: Lanh Tat Tran.
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14

Rosenhahn, Bodo. "Pose estimation revisited." Kiel Inst. für Informatik und Praktische Mathematik, 2003. http://e-diss.uni-kiel.de/diss_842/d842.pdf.

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15

Koski, Antti E. "Rapid frequency estimation." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2006. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-032806-165036/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute.<br>Keywords: DSS; ECM; SVD; Singular Value Decomposition; rapid frequency estimation; frequency estimation. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 174-177).
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Sart, Mathieu. "Estimation par tests." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931868.

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Cette thèse porte sur l'estimation de fonctions à l'aide de tests dans trois cadres statistiques différents. Nous commençons par étudier le problème de l'estimation des intensités de processus de Poisson avec covariables. Nous démontrons un théorème général de sélection de modèles et en déduisons des bornes de risque non-asymptotiques sous des hypothèses variées sur la fonction à estimer. Nous estimons ensuite la densité de transition d'une chaîne de Markov homogène et proposons pour cela deux procédures. La première, basée sur la sélection d'estimateurs constants par morceaux, permet d'établi
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17

Garcia, Jose F. "Ship's attitude estimation." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27261.

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Landing aircraft on board is a most delicate phase of flight operations at sea. The ability to predict the aircraft carrier's motion over an interval of several seconds within reasonable error bounds may allow improvement in touchdown dispersion and a more certain value for a ramp clearance due to a smoother aircraft trajectory. Also, improved information to the Landing Signal Officer should decrease the number of waveoffs. This work indicates and shows graphically that, based on the data for pitch, heave and roll measured for various ships and sea conditions, the motion can be predicted well.
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Nasir, Imtiaz Hussain. "Multivariable inferential estimation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273370.

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Kibua, Titus Kithanze. "Variance function estimation." Thesis, City University London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282078.

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Schneider, Michael K. (Michael Klaus). "Krylov subspace estimation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8983.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 151-156).<br>This thesis proposes a new iterative algorithm for the simultaneous computation of linear least-squares estimates and error variances. There exist many iterative methods for computing only estimates. However, most of these will not also compute error variances. A popular method for computing only estimates is the conjugate gradient algorithm. The algorithm proposed in this thesis for the simultaneous computation of estimates
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21

Alshammery, Hafiz Jaman 1971. "Interval attenuation estimation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9877.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1998.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 55-56).<br>by Hafiz Jaman Alshammery.<br>S.M.
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22

Hui, Kin-Ping. "Network reliability estimation." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37952.

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Computing the reliability of a network is a #P-complete problem, therefore estimation by means of simulation often becomes a favourable choice. In modern communication networks, link failure probabilities are usually small and hence network failures become rare events. This poses a challenge to estimate the network reliability. In this thesis we present different techniques for network reliability estimation. There are two main sampling techniques in reliability estimation: combinatorial and permutational sampling. Combinatorial sampling has the advantage of speed but has poor performance in r
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Wong, Valerie (Valerie Wan Chi). "Feasibility of using cloud top altimetry for estimating tropical cyclone intensity estimation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114135.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2006.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Some pages in the original thesis contain text that runs off the edge of the page.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 36-37).<br>This project explores whether cloud top altimetry can be used as an accurate and reliable means of estimating the intensity of tropical cyclones. Professor Kerry A. Emanuel developed the theory that is under investigation. His theory aims to calculate the peak surface wind speed in hurricanes using on
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Navarro, Myra C. "Small area estimation : estimating selected economic statistics for provinces of the Philippines." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116918.

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Different methods of small area estimation are discussed in detail together with a summary of the applications for each method. A case study consisting of an application to small area estimation of selected Philippine economic data (employment, salary and value of output) are described. Seven different estimators are applied to this problem of estimating intercensal small area characteristics; 3 synthetic estimators, a SPREE estimator, a RATIO-SPREE estimator and 2 regression-based estimators. In addition, estimates of the variance of each estimator are derived. The various estimat
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Chauvin, Jonathan. "Estimation et contrôle d'un moteur diesel HCCI. Estimation des systèmes périodiques." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002804.

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Mase, Takahiko, Yasushi Hirano, Shoji Kajita, and Kenji Mase. "Improving Accuracy of WLAN-Based Location Estimation by Using Recursive Estimation." IEEE, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9518.

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Tewfik, Ahmed H. "Recursive estimation and spectral estimation for 2-D isotropic random fields." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14928.

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Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1987.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING<br>Bibliography: leaves 180-188.<br>by Ahmed Hossam Tewfik.<br>Sc.D.
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Onnen, Nathaniel J. "Estimation of Bivariate Spatial Data." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1616243660473062.

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Zheng, Xueying, and 郑雪莹. "Robust joint mean-covariance model selection and time-varying correlation structure estimation for dependent data." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50899703.

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In longitudinal and spatio-temporal data analysis, repeated measurements from a subject can be either regional- or temporal-dependent. The correct specification of the within-subject covariance matrix cultivates an efficient estimation for mean regression coefficients. In this thesis, robust estimation for the mean and covariance jointly for the regression model of longitudinal data within the framework of generalized estimating equations (GEE) is developed. The proposed approach integrates the robust method and joint mean-covariance regression modeling. Robust generalized estimating equat
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Läuter, Henning. "Estimation in partly parametric additive Cox models." Universität Potsdam, 2003. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5150/.

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The dependence between survival times and covariates is described e.g. by proportional hazard models. We consider partly parametric Cox models and discuss here the estimation of interesting parameters. We represent the ma- ximum likelihood approach and extend the results of Huang (1999) from linear to nonlinear parameters. Then we investigate the least squares esti- mation and formulate conditions for the a.s. boundedness and consistency of these estimators.
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Agarwal, Arpit. "Statistical field estimation and scale estimation for complex coastal regions and archipelagos." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49877.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2009.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-158).<br>A fundamental requirement in realistic computational geophysical fluid dynamics is the optimal estimation of gridded fields and of spatial-temporal scales directly from the spatially irregular and multivariate data sets that are collected by varied instruments and sampling schemes. In this work, we d
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Qian, Li. "Web-based cost estimation and supplier selection based on parametric cost estimation /." Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Warner, Carl Michael 1952. "ESTIMATION OF NONSTATIONARY SIGNALS IN NOISE (PROCESSING, ADAPTIVE, WIENER FILTERS, ESTIMATION, DIGITAL)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291297.

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Patriksson, Alfred. "Radio signal DOA estimation : Implementing radar signal direction estimation on an FPGA." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157144.

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This master’s thesis covers the design and implementation of a monopulse directionof arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm on an FPGA. The goal is to implement a complete system that is capable of estimating the bearing of an incident signal. In order to determine the estimate quality both a theoretical and practical noise analysis of the signal chain is performed. Special focus is placed on the statistical properties of the transformation from I/Q-demodulated signals with correlated noise to a polar representation. The pros and cons for three different methods of calculating received signal phas
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Prohorenko, Didrik. "A forecasting approach to estimating cartel damages : The importance of considering estimation uncertainty." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41021.

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In this study, I consider the performance of simple forecast models frequently applied in counterfactual analysis when the information at hand is limited. Furthermore, I discuss the robustness of the standard t-test commonly used to statistically detect cartels. I empirically verify that the standard t-statistics encompasses parameter estimation uncertainty when one of the time series in a two-sided t-test has been estimated. Thereafter, I compare the results with those from a corrected t-test, recently proposed, where the uncertainty has been accounted for. The results from the study show tha
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Carlsson, Martin. "Variance Estimation of the Calibration Estimator with Measurement Errors in the Auxiliary Information." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-68928.

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Geurtz, Alexander. "Model based shape estimation /." Lausanne : EPFL, 1993. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1180.

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Kane, Roma. "Multiuser TDMA channel estimation." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5810.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (June 30, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Dituri, Joseph. "Ballistic missile trajectory estimation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FDituri.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Astronautical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Kyle T. Alfriend, Don A. Danielson. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 57). Also available in print.
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Nilsson, Martin. "Estimation of Radial Runout." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8744.

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<p>The demands for ride comfort quality in today's long haulage trucks are constantly growing. A part of the ride comfort problems are represented by internal vibrations caused by rotating mechanical parts. This thesis work focus on the vibrations generated from radial runout on the wheels. These long haulage trucks travel long distances on smooth highways, with a constant speed of 90 km/h resulting in a 7 Hz oscillation. This frequency creates vibrations in the cab, which can be found annoying. To help out with the vibration diagnosis when a truck enters a mechanical workshop, this work studi
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Servien, Rémi. "Estimation de régularité locale." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730491.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier le comportement local d'une mesure de probabilité, notamment au travers d'un indice de régularité locale. Dans la première partie, nous établissons la normalité asymptotique de l'estimateur des kn plus proches voisins de la densité et de l'histogramme. Dans la deuxième, nous définissons un estimateur du mode sous des hypothèses affaiblies. Nous montrons que l'indice de régularité intervient dans ces deux problèmes. Enfin, nous construisons dans une troisième partie différents estimateurs pour l'indice de régularité à partir d'estimateurs de la fonction d
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Thiam, Baba. "Estimation récursive de fonctionnelles." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131199.

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L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude du comportement asymptotique d'estimateurs à noyau d'une densité de probabilité et de ses dérivées, d'une fonction de régression, ainsi que du mode et de la valeur modale d'une densité de probabilité. Le but est d'établir certaines propriétés des estimateurs à noyau récursifs ou semi-récursifs afin de comparer leur comportement asymptotique à celui des estimateurs classiques. Dans le premier chapitre, nous établissons des principes de grandes déviations (PGD) et des principes de déviations modérées (PDM) pour l'estimateur récursif d'une densité de probabilité
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Rivoirard, Vincent. "Estimation bayésienne non paramétrique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002149.

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Dans le cadre d'une analyse par ondelettes, nous nous intéressons à l'étude statistique d'une classe particulière d'espaces de Lorentz : les espaces de Besov faibles qui apparaissent naturellement dans le contexte de la théorie maxiset. Avec des hypothèses de type "bruit blanc gaussien", nous montrons, grâce à des techniques bayésiennes, que les vitesses minimax des espaces de Besov forts ou faibles sont les mêmes. Les distributions les plus défavorables que nous exhibons pour chaque espace de Besov faible sont construites à partir des lois de Pareto et diffèrent en cela de celles des espaces
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Lai, Mei Teng. "Airline operating cost estimation." Thesis, University of Macau, 2008. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1950305.

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Beek, Jaap van de. "Estimation of synchronization parameters." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Signaler och system, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-16971.

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This thesis deals with the estimation of synchronization parameters in {Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing} (OFDM) communication systems and in active ultrasonic measuring systems. Estimation methods for the timing and frequency offset and for the attenuation taps of the frequency selective channel are presented and investigated.In OFDM communication systems the estimation of the timing offset of the transmitted data frame is one important parameter. This offset provides the receiver with a means of synchronizing its sampling clock to that of the transmitter. A second important paramet
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Mahdi, Tahir Naweed. "Shrinkage estimation in prediction." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30515.pdf.

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Yake, Bronson Thomas. "Self-Smoothing Functional Estimation." MSSTATE, 2002. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-09032002-090546/.

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Analysis of measured data is often required when there is no deep understanding of the mathematics that accurately describes the process being measured. Additionally, realistic estimation of the derivative of measured data is often useful. Current techniques of accomplishing this type of data analysis are labor intensive, prone to significant error, and highly dependent on the expertise of the engineer performing the analysis. The ?Self-Smoothing Functional Estimation? (SSFE) algorithm was developed to automate the analysis of measured data and to provide a reliable basis for the extraction of
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Jaganathan, Venkata Krishnan. "Robust motion estimation techniques." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6032.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on April 15, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Petzschner, Frederike Hermi. "Magnitude estimation in humans." Diss., lmu, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155891.

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Sakarya, Fatma Ayhan. "Passive source location estimation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13714.

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