Academic literature on the topic 'Estudantil movement - Feminine participation'

Chapter 2 charts the activism of the cadre of elite Dominican women from the granting of suffrage through the end of the Trujillo dictatorship, examines their national and international efforts, and addresses the shifts of feminine leadership that began after suffrage given the difficult compromises confronted under the harsh rules of dictatorship. On the one hand women continued their activism within the inter-American arena, while on the other they worked to create new clubs and groups that linked the international component with the local rhetoric of democratization and anti-communism. The chapter argues that female participation continued to be central to the functioning of the regime’s international reputation and domestic welfare programs, but that this same involvement would also serve as a catalyst for many other women to challenge the deployment of this maternalist vision and subsequently join the resistance movement.

Chapter 4 examines the gender power dynamics of existing Indigenous self-government institutions, cultures, and discourses in Canada, Greenland, and Scandinavia. Employing feminist institutional analysis, the author investigates how Indigenous political institutions are gendered. Gendering refers to a multiplicity of interacting processes shaped by the distinction between male and female, masculine and feminine, which create and conceptualize social structures and privilege certain groups over others. Gendering occurs through the construction of various divisions along gender lines and through interpersonal interactions that enact gendered hierarchies. Institutions and organizations are also gendered through the construction of symbols, images, and ideologies that legitimize institutions generally conceived as gender-neutral. Using interview data, the chapter analyzes the gender regimes of Indigenous political institutions and women’s participation in the existing self-government institutions. Also considered are alternative forms of advancing Indigenous self-determination by examining Indigenous women’s grassroots leadership and the growing movement of reclaiming Indigenous women’s authority.