Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et l'échec'
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Ben, Belgacem Saâdia. "L'échec scolaire et l'échec de l'orientation professionnelle : recherche sur les causes." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA082092.
Full textBoucharenc, Myriam. "L'échec et son double : Philippe Soupault romancier." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100148.
Full textAuthor with Andre Breton of les champs magnetiques, Philippe Soupault is a famous name whose works, in particular novels, are still unknown. After a brilliant career as a novelist, a poet and an essayist, he moves away from literature at the beginning of the thirties. Fascinated by the destiny of Rimbaud and Lautreamout, the novelist expresses the desire of an ideal rupture that could transform himself into another. But the myth of such a magnificent failure which has guided his writing has steadily turned into sacrifice of the works. This singular problematic of failure leads to a psychoanalytic study of the novels: the figures of destiny, melancholia, mourning imaginary of parents. . . And their ellects on the poetic of the writter
Latreche, Belkacem. "Islam, islamisme et modernité : l'échec du politique : le cas algérien." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H018.
Full textIn the arab world, the mission of state was to modernize society, but it failed to achieve this purposes. That’s why it is now contested in its sacrality and in its legitimacy. Furthermore it makes the debate more acuteness. The Algerian case is on this point of view paradigmatic. The failure of the policy undertaken since independence revealed the nature of a state obsessed by its interests and its survival. The triumph of Islamism attests the paradoxes of the Algerian society. It reminds us that independence didn't respect its promises
Brissette, Jean-Philippe. "L'expérience de l'échec dans les Pensées de Pascal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26462/26462.pdf.
Full textPerez, Stéphanie. "Samuel Beckett, l'oeuvre de l'échec ou l'insoutenable d'une naissance impossible." Chambery, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CHAML047.
Full textChauvot, Pierre. "L'explication quotidienne de l'échec et du chômage chez les cadres." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100077.
Full textThis work is based on a sociographic study of the social group of executives and on four theories in psychosociology: social representations, the theory of attribution the psychology of control and the study of the effects of unemployment. Methodology presents three characteristics: the diversity of the methods, the immersion in a well-defined social field, and the respect of the research deontological rules. Social representation of professional success by executives is structured by the position of subjects with regard to the representation’s object. This strongly valued representation constitutes a causal theory which explains the success by the actor's dispositions. A first classic experimental design shows that success as well as failure is explained by the actor's dispositions. Employed as well as unemployed executives answer much the same way. A second experimental design includes a third independent variable, the dominating norm in the social group: either internality's normed or externality's norm. The induced norm doesn't change the employee's responses. Regarding unemployed executives, introducing externality norm inverts the responses: circumstances are viewed more determinant than dispositions. They are no longer in a dominant situation. In a third experiment design, an imaginary subject looks for a job. He says he is an employed or unemployed. Either his research is voluntary or sub mitted. The subjectif who is submittedly unemployed obtains less interviews
Ali, Saanda Nassabia. "La mobilité et l'échec scolaire des étudiants mahorais en Métropole." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2045/document.
Full textAfter graduating from high school, a majority of young Mahorais keep on studying in mainland France. This mobility is triggered by the lack of higher education on the island. The very high failure rate compared to the national average in the first year has attracted our interest. Why would this audience be more affected by this phenomenon of failure than others? What were the causes? Our aim has therefore been, first, to define the state of the situation by studying a given cohort and comparing it with national results, and then to find the causes of this failure from the results of the study cohort and the interviews carried out withMahorais students. Though they have received the same teachings as metropolitan students, the complex context of life and study in which they conduct their previous schooling greatly affects their academic performance in higher education and puts them at a competitive disadvantage. The very marked socio-cultural difference that assimilates them to foreign students in mobility limits their social and academic integration
Louakima, Joseph. "Attributions interculturelles de l'échec et du succès dans les contextes congolais et français." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHESA032.
Full textMaganawe, Yao Badjam. "Analyse psychosociologique de l'échec et de la déperdition scolaire au Togo." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21017.
Full textSchool-failure in Togo is a problem which concerns an educational system that is said to be democratic. In practice this is obvious since pupils repeat or give up school and it shows us many contradictions in the aims which have been fixed and in the means used to achieve them. Economic and sociocultural contradictions and contraints are according to us, the major factors for the failure phenomenon. The following analysis proposes on the one hand a detailed study of the different factors which are the results of an investigation and on the other hand is centered on the theme of the relations between the school, the family and school children
Pelletier, Michel. "Le capital culturel et l'échec à l'école secondaire Bermon : approche ethnométhodologique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2000. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3194/1/000667643.pdf.
Full textMjouti, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude de l'échec scolaire : représentation et attribution de responsabilité à l'égard de l'échec chez une population d'élèves, de parents et d'enseignants (le cas du Maroc)." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20018.
Full textOur contribution confist to study scolastic afilure in morroco throgh four different approachs : psychological, sociolog pedagogical and institutional. We have given much importance to the last approach because seekers before havent studied enough. We have seen how pupils, parents and teachers represent failure and success, how they accused themselves and oth be responsible for scolastic failure
Delagarde, Charles-Emmanuel. "Conflits socio-normatifs et explications de la réussite et de l'échec : l'internalité explicite et l'internalité implicite." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100185.
Full textElla, Ondo Serge. "Inscription de la quête existentielle et de l'échec dans l'œuvre de Vumbi Yoka Mudimbe." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30062.
Full textThe main purpose of this doctoral dissertation is to enquire into the sciptural evidence of existential quest and failure in the novels authored by Vumbi Yoka Mudimbe. To exhibit those two individual and social realities linked here by cause-to-effect relationships, we turned to Pierre Zima's socio-critical approach : he recommends focusing the analysis of a literary text on its semantic and narrative structures. Thus in the first part, devoted to analysing those two structures of existential quest, we have sought out the motivations of this quest in the light of identity and social wounds experienced by the characters, before showing that it can be interpreted as their existential experience and as structuring Mudimbe's fiction. In the second part, centered on the analysis of the narrative and semantic structures of failure, we highlighted the individuals and society's failures and we interpreted the various hegemonic discourses which can be seen in our corpus as discourses of failure. Finally, the last part of this study gave us the opportunity to show that Mudimbe's writing is organised around two radically opposed poetics which reflect both the existential quest and the failure experienced by the characters : a poetics of break and a poetics of continuity
Foley, Myriam. "Les croyances vaudou influencent-elles la réussite et/ou l'échec scolaire en Haïti?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5208.
Full textSoltanian, Aboutaleb. "Les Causes de l'échec de la révolution constitutionnelle de 1906 en Iran." Strasbourg 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20013.
Full textThis study, concerning "the causes of the failure of the Iranian constitutional revolution of 1906" is divided into two parts and ten chapters. In the first part, we have sought to illustrate the weaknesses in the foundations of the revolution and the role played by the leaders and the political currents in the failure of the first constitution (1906-1908). In the second part, we have followed the process culminating in the failure of the revolution by studying the imperfections of the constitutional lows. .
Nsangou, Jonathan Russel. "Scénographies de l'échec dans quelques romans francophones de l'Afrique subsaharienne." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34870.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the different representations of failure in some Sub-Saharan French novels written between 1961 and 2000. Rereading L’aventure ambiguë of Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Les Soleils des indépendances and Allah n’est pas obligé of Ahmadou Kourouma, Trop de soleil tue l’amour of Mongo Beti, Murambi, le livre des ossements of Boubacar Boris Diop and La Folie et la Mort of Ken Bugul, it shows, through the characters and their disappointing paths, that failure is a recurrent theme of that period. The various speeches that the personel of the novels holds about failure reveals that the perception of this phenomenon is relative, because what is a failure for some, it is not failure for others : while some characters dismiss the various abuses of warrior, traditional and political power, as well as the deviant behavior of other members of society, others find ways to legitimize and rationalize the evil. Rather than being limited to the simple matter of observation of failure in the novels, the thesis goes beyond and proposes a new hermeneutic of francophone fictions of Africa : it brings out what in the interstices of the novels – and from the novelists – allows to deconstruct and overcome the imaginary of failure. Thus, novelists use certain rhetorical processes such as humor, irony, the play of words, the narrative polyphony to escape the grip of failure. They show that instead of indulging in the “sob of the black man”, the postcolonial subject should re-evaluate his attachment to traditions, make an epistemological break and a cultural adjustment, rely on art as a cathartic means, and act to establish a true democracy. In the end, the thesis is against an Afropessimistic reading of Sub-Saharan francophone novels and invites to consider them as a means that would enable Africans to invent a new rationality, a new way of defining oneself in the face of the world ; in short, a way to hope for a better tomorrow.
Nunes, Célia Regina. "Incorporation et exclusion dans la société du travail : l'échec de la modernisation au Mozambique." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010634.
Full textThe dissertation focuses on the identity between development programmes in peripheric countries - both capitalist and socialist ones - and the great lines of capitalist and domestic social formations during colonial, socialist and current times in mozambique. In spite of the political victory which allowed for the substitution of private capitalists by the state in the control of the basic means of production, socialism was not able to avoid an economic and social debacle. The struggle for the improvement of society against the "traditional" system was carried out through the logic of labour in its abstract form. Hence the necessity to transform the rural population into a free labour force. Socialism stood out for being a social formation inside the capitalist system itself. This system crumbled on its own foundations. It was an exceptional state of the economy that, however, would become the exception that confirms the rule. From being in the periphery of the world system under colonialism, through the failure of the socialist project to put an end to its peripheric condition, mozambique today tends to play a relatively marginal role within the world-system in the third industrial revolution
François, Bernard. "Le modèle kémaliste : une réponse opérationnelle à l'échec relatif du développement en Afrique subsaharienne? Application au Burkina Faso." Paris, INALCO, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INAL0010.
Full textSub-Saharan Africa could take advantage for its own economical development, of the analysis of the "Kemalist model" which had proved its efficiency in the transformation of an under developped Ottoman empire. The analysis of structural revolutions and Kemalist model deviations could be full of lessons for an Africa which faces from 30 years, a "classical" relative development failure. These lessons could be adaptable to Sub-Saharan Africa and would they welcome ? The political, economical and socio-cultural "black and grey" assessment of Sub-Saharan Africa situation is presented in the first part with a recall of the bilateral and multilateral relationships with its "natural" north, Europe. We examine in a second part the Kemalist models birth and growth, from its beginning to its present interpretation. We answer in the third part, to the following question : could this Kemalist model" be applicable in a Sub-Saharan country as Burkina Faso, which developed an original and revolutionary way near the Kemalist's one ? The post Kemalist Turkey, facing the unsuccessful "classical" development theories from ages and the potential risks of Islamic fundamentalism, could appear as a partner thanks to various socio-cultural and behavioural similarities. It is time to initiate a new partnership between the African and the Turkish world which both actually construct themselves now
Foissy, Gérard. "L'échec d'une expérience institutionnelle singulière : "Les chantiers de la jeunesse", 1940-1944." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA122005.
Full text"the youth camps", specifically destined towards occupying the young call-up troops, disallowed from military service by the nature of the 1940 armistice conventions, were undoubtedly seen by some military chiefs as a possible base for the creation of a revenge force. The first part of the thesis demonstrates nonetheless that they were nothing more than a temporary structure, in the image of the various contradictions of the regime. The second part of the thesis analyses the ambiguous activities of the youth camps in which the military leaders, under the pretext of formenting a national up-rising, progressively lead them into the "collaboration", to the point that this singular administration can be considered as a totalitarian organisation within a dictatorial state
Michel-Valette, Sylvie. "L'introduction de la gestion mentale dans la méthode globale pour l'apprentissage de l'allemand : remède à l'échec." Lyon 2, 1986. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1986/michel-valette_s.
Full textThe different learning methods in use generally lead to failure. As far as this matter is concerned, we don't deny the psychologists' statistical conclusions, neither do we discriminate the sociologists", but our subject derives from a psycho-pedagogical field. A. De la garanderie's works, with other intellectual acts than german had shown their mettles. Therefore, we express the following hypothesis : the introduction of cognitive process ("gestion mentale") in the global method of learning german in junior high school must annikilate failure. Curriculum : - description of written an oral exercises which are recommended by the global method born of official instructions. - description of failure cases, through sets of exercices, according to the diagnosis method - presentation of the theoretical field : cognitive process project and timenotion, and parameters according to a. De la garanderie's theory - experimenting : method in use : clinical method, itstechnique, clinical interviews, guided diagnosis with open items sets of questions - the informations obtained, handled with the help of the thematical content analysis, have made it clear that to succeed : * the pupils rely on, either visual or auditory evocations, so that percept can turn into concept * they need to turn into a "project" situation : generical structure * they need time to set these mental processes for a successful german learning, they must develop the 4 parameters - interpretation of the set of questions - necessity of projecting pupils into future, making them develop it in due time - necessity of practising differential pedagogy. Obtained results : - improvements during lessons (bigger quantity and better quality performances) - improvements in marks. No more total failure at school
Tounkara, Mamoutou K. "Les dimensions socioculturelles de l'échec de la migration : cas des expulsés maliens de France." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0025.
Full textThe subject of this work brings a socio-anthropological perspective to migration failure. It wonders about the notion of failure as was experienced by the migrant and also viewed through the eyes of their communities of origin.A failure is defined by being deported or according to administrative jargon, being escorted to the borders because of illegal residence towards French laws. To this end, this work analysis specific cases of Malians deportee from France while referring to different life-courses stories.This research permits to address various aspects of Malian immigration. It is special in the way it makes a further development of the notion failure associated with migration by focusing in an understanding approach to the way this failure is lived and felt by the migrants.In Malian society and especially in localities with high out-migration rates, the migrant receives all the honours if he successfully achieves his migration. But if he fails, the migrant falls in a form of disgrace with often disastrous consequences. An expulsion, whatever form and conditions it takes, is always hardly understood and accepted by the community of origin. Nowadays, this failure has become a social issue in Mali because it symbolises shame, an inglorious return, a back to square one, etc.Thus, in this research, we take into account two fundamental dimensions: one is individual because each deportee has his own story, a particular path and different projects; the other one is social regarding the migrant belonging to a group, a community which is strongly present in his everyday life.Taking into account these two dimensions enable us to understand the different logics, conflicts, rejections, social and professional reintegration issues of these deportees
St-Surin, Rolande. "Les dimensions culturelles et psycholinguistiques de l'échec scolaire chez des élèves d'origine haïtienne suivis en orthopédagogie." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0009/MQ26619.pdf.
Full textBouriot, Catherine. "Les comportements d'opposition d'élèves orientés par défaut en lycée professionel et l'échec de la relation éducative." Université de Franche-Comté. UFR des Sciences du langage, de l'homme et de la société, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA1044.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation in educational sciences cornes within the field of social psychology. It analyses the oppositional behaviours of pupils/students guided by default to vocational schools and measures the resulting consequences for pupils, class and educational staff. For one school year, I followed up students from the first level of vocational studies in accounting within the school where I was working as principal educational adviser. 50% of the pupils had not chosen their specialty and the number of problems encountered day after day led us to investigate the link between default guidance and failure of the educational relationship, characterised by students giving up or dropping out, high absenteeism rates, disturbances, rudeness and violence. The teaching atmosphere was hard to bear for both the pupils and the teachers. Teaching became almost impossible due to incessant troubles such as delays, inadvertent remarks, chats, projectiles, incivilities, etc. We used formal and inf ormal documents relating to this group of pupils, a logbook, questionnaires filled up by the teachers, pupils' works, etc. Our investigations helped us identify oppositional behaviours developed by default-guided pupils as a self-esteem preservation strategy. Such behaviours destroy the educational relationship for the misguided student but also for his/her school mates and the other stalœholders: teachers, educational advisers, managers. Members of the class who cannot adapt to the prevailing standards of disturbers suffer various forms of exclusion. Teachers feel impotent and abandoned and questioned in their legitimacy. As a consequence, conflicts arise in the educational community, in particular towards the managerial staff
Rousvoal, Jacques. "L'image de l'enfant des maîtres du cours préparatoire : Ses rapports avec la réussite et l'échec scolaires." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUEL006.
Full textThe failing problem in education for most of the children during the preparation course can't be understood dueto the terms of psycho-pathology. If certain children would releive this field of psychology, they would represent only a small minority among those who have difficulty to learn. The objection of this research inscribe that the problems between a child and his professor is due to their social backrounds. It aims to analise the influence of the representation that the professor has on a child with his proper style of teaching and on his own qualities of passing the message through. By examining the school trajectories of CP children, between the beginning and the end of the school year, we can see that certain children overcome their problems easily and become much better than some others who had the traditional education
Mathieu, Félix. "L'échec du multiculturalisme en Grande-Bretagne? : une analyse conceptuelle, théorique et empirique des débats du multiculturalisme." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26936.
Full textIn 2011, Britain’s Prime Minister David Cameron declared that “state-multiculturalism has failed”. In this research, I question the scope and meaning one can legitimately attribute to that declaration. In his speech, was Cameron speaking about the failure of multiculturalism understood as a theoretical and normative framework? Was he rather referring to the failure of multiculturalism in its political and institutional arrangements? As a matter of consequence, are we observing a political retreat of multicultural policy in the UK, between 2000 and 2015? I seized those questions through an analytic political philosophy perspective, where I intended to properly interpret and understand the debates surrounding multiculturalism in general, and their expression in Great Britain in particular. On the one hand, this research pursues the objective to clarify the conceptual framework of “multiculturalism”, whether one refers to it to indicate a factual socio-cultural reality (diversity), whether one refers to it on behalf of its theoretical and normative design (pluralism), or whether one refers to it as some political and institutional arrangements (public policy). On the other hand, I propose to observe empirically and systematically the state as well as the evolution of British multicultural policy, in between 2000 and 2015. In so doing, I replicate the methodological framework of the Multicultural Policy Index, designed by Keith Banting and Will Kymlicka. The original contribution of this research therefore consists of updating the data base for the Index, as for 2015. In the end, we conclude to a relative stability for the UK multicultural policy framework for the past fifteen years, where we otherwise observe a significant shift in the political appreciation of multiculturalism, as David Cameron 2011 famous declaration shows. I conclude by interpreting this quite paradoxical phenomenon, as I also confront the major critics addressed to multiculturalism to the understanding of some of its main theorists.
Lavaillotte-Masson, Madeleine. "Les classes d'adaptation des écoles maternelles et élémentaires dans le milieu des années 80 : prévention et traitement de l'échec scolaire." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H039.
Full textAdaptation classes" in nursery schools and primary schools in France were created in 1970. They areaimed at helping children with learning difficulties to enter the process of instruction and to adapt themselves to ordinary teaching methods (prevention or treatment of scolastic difficulties). How do the teachers of "adaptation classes" search for means to achieve these aims ? Semi-directif interviews have been done with fifty teachers of "adaptation classes" working in a section of the Paris suburbs during the section year 19851986. These teachers mainly practice active pedagogical methods favoring a natural process of instruction (the pupils building knowledge themselves) to satisfy the children's basic needs. But there is a gap between these pedagogical methods and those practiced in most ordinary classes, which is an obstacle for the integration or reintegration of pupils of "adaptation classes" to the ordinary system. To reduce this gap, and also to decrease any feeling of exclusion or alienation that their pupils might feel, most teachers of "adaptation classes" establish professional contacts with their colleagues teaching ordinary classes, thus contributing to a general transformation of methods and to a better adaptation of the school system for all children
Milloud, Cécile. "L'échec en politique : contribution à l'étude des représentations politiques et des stratégies de légitimation de candidats français." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE21037.
Full textMokaddem, Sarra. "Analyse de l'échec des innovations dans un marché en émergence : approche intégratrice aux niveaux individuel et collectif." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0058/document.
Full textAs part of our doctoral studies, we worked in an engineering school that has developed a partnership with the company Ecoway , for the development of Movin'out service innovation. Addressed to individuals ( BtoC ) , enterprises , service providers and communities ( BtoB) , this innovation comes in the form of a Community eco-mobility platform , to encourage individuals to adopt virtuous modes of transport , and therefore alternative to individual car use . Unfortunately, Movin'out responsible for innovation does not meet the expected success for our presence in the search field and was rejected by potential adopters without generating the communautary effect.Despite the wealth of literature on the diffusion and adoption of innovations, it remains fragmented. Indeed, different approaches have emerged at the crossroads of several disciplines (economics, sociology, management, psychology, etc.) (Masson, Weil and Hatchuel, 2006). So, to answer the central question of this thesis and to register our work in the theoretical field of marketing innovation, we primarily focused on the linear approach developed by Rogers (2003) for an analysis at the individual level as well as work on virtual communities (Rheingold, 1993; Kozinets, 1999, 2002, 2010) for a discussion at the collective level of innovation. However, these approaches, disregarding the social environment of the individual and the interactions it may have with the object (innovation) and other individuals (networks), we complete the work sociology of innovation to emphasize the importance of interaction in networks for the successful construction of innovation.We find that every theoretical approach taken separately by focusing on a level of analysis, whether individual or collective actor, can provide an overall view of the diffusion and adoption of innovations. Also, our goal is to provide an integrative approach at the crossroads of marketing and sociology of innovation to analyze the failed construction of a responsible service innovation in the making, on an emerging market, the ecomobility. The integrative approach is thus situated at different levels of observation: the individual, the community, the network. The bias of this thesis is to articulate these in order to identify and analyze the behavior of resistance to innovations. Our contribution lies in the mobilization of this inclusive approach to study a little treated in the literature about: the failure of an innovation
Mouakher, Abdelmoula Inès. "Vérification et correction des spécifications B : application à l'assemblage de composants." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547553.
Full textLaloum, Valérie. "Orientation des élèves en ULIS école et processus de médicalisation des difficultés d'apprentissage : de l'échec scolaire au handicap." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20062/document.
Full textThe 11th of February 2005 law « for disabled persons rights and opportunities equality, participation and civic rights » brought about a deep educational system change and provoked a new sharing between the medico-social system and the Éducation Nationale with the positioning of a partnership. A main changing paradigm has occured with the inclusion concept emergence. Schooling today inclusive is trying to answer pupils’ special educational needs by adjusting school standards. Group inclusion systems are privileged levers to help disabled pupils at school following the Maison Départementale des Personnes Handicapées notifications.This thesis main goal, more than ten years after the law for the disabled persons, consists in examining the process at work when pupils are guided towards a primary school ULIS (Unité Localisée d’Inclusion Scolaire). A certain number of pupils have received educational counselling towards primary school ULIS without any proven disability. They have, mostly, originated from environments with social and family problems. These notifications labelling children as disabled have been done on a medico-psychological basis, the children’s schooling difficulties labelled as mild disability. Those have occured because of a widening of the disability category, wider and vaguer educational counselling criterions and today’s increasing medico-psychological solutions to school underperforming. ULIS systems would seem to carry on ensuring a social regulating function, the recourse to special needs education being socially differentiated. Today’s context of medicalizing school underperformance is leading to guide towards primary school ULIS pupils, putting the common system in a difficult position, and, for whom there seems to be no other solution than labelling them as disabled
Delarue, Didier. "Attributions causales de la réussite et de l'échec : du biais de complaisance à la valorisation sociale des explications." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100148.
Full textThe studies presented in this thesis focused on success and failure causal attributions. It is usually accepted that one's explanations for success or failure are mainly referring to a personal motivation (e. G. Self-serving bias). According to Weiner's social motivation theory, we focused on the influence of différent types of norms on success and failure causal attributions. Our main aim was to demonstrate that these explanations could refer to a social motivation including interaction goals, like getting along with the person who receives the explanation. Overall, our studies show that: A) individuals are able to fit their success or failure explanations according to the expectations of différent audiences. B) Some of these explanations (e. G. External for success or lack of effort for failure) are more positively perceived than others are. It is argued that attributing failure to a lack of effort may not always be considered as breaking a social rule and that accepting personal responsibility in front of failure can be positively perceived
Payet, Isabelle. "Fratelli d'Italia : l'échec d'une métaphore : aspects de la fratrie dans quelques romans italiens écrits et publiés entre l'unité italienne et le début du fascisme." Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE39042.
Full textAbdeltif, Marroun. "L'affrontement entre européens et musulmans au sud de la Méditerranée occidentale aux XVe et XVIe siècle : l'échec de l'action ibérique au Maghreb." Lyon 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO3A001.
Full textBourkhis, Rimel. "La scène de première rencontre de Baudelaire à Breton : du choc à l'échec amoureux." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00979351.
Full textLobry, Bellamy Stéphanie. "L'échec du règne de Jacques II en Angleterre (1688) et en Irlande (1690) : analyse d'une personnalité mise en contexte." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00951750.
Full textJarry-Omarova, Anna. "Genre du pouvoir et démocratie libérale en Mongolie : analyse de l'échec du mouvement associatif des femmes, entre espace politique, nomadisme et ONG internationales." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545781.
Full textWang, Jinjing. "Causes de l'échec d'apprentissage du français par des étudiants chinois en France : étude multifactorielle qualitative et quantitative à partir d'entretiens et de questionnaires." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952260.
Full textGanglia, Victorien. "Le rôle du français "langue non maternelle" dans la situation de l'échec scolaire : l'exemple de l'enseignement des mathématiques en classe de sixième au Congo." Université de Franche-Comté, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BESA1008.
Full textCoulidiati-Kielem, Justine. "Les facteurs déterminants de l'efficacité pédagogique des établissements secondaires : une analyse critique de l'échec scolaire au Burkina Faso." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOL017.
Full textBelhaj, Abdel Karim. "L'explication des causes de l'échec et de la réussite au bac : stratégies et structures de la causalité chez une population de jeunes scolarisés marocains." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070010.
Full textSuccess and failure in the bac fin their causal explanation in the study of the attributional strategies adopted by a population of young moroccans sent to school. This study based on the academic results has been elaborated from a true representation and seen in the situation of the social chronology. The link between the presence of the ramadan or not and the two exam session system of the bac constitutes the chronology. The causal judgement proved that there are on the one hand tendencies to overvalue external causes related to religious belief and on the other hand to emphasize the causes for success positively. When the results are taken into consideration in concomitance with the ramadan and the behaviour related to the fast, these tendencies are pointed out by a causal multidimensional variation
Messou, Kouassi Eugène. "Traitement antirétroviral de l'adulte infecté par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine en Côte d'Ivoire : modification précoce et prédiction de l'échec." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21584.
Full textIn sub-Saharan Africa, 2 milliion adults have already started antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, the number of patients needing urgent treatment or likely to need it in the future is estimated to be 3 times and 10 times higher, respectively. Clinical research must back up this historical challenge, identify the issues that ART in resource-limited settings specifically raises, and help innovate. Over the past 10 years, several pilot initiatives and then many large programs of access to care and treatment have brought about data on the early phase of ART in sub-Saharan Africa, ie the time just before ART initiation and the first year on ART. During this early phase : the rate of loss to follow-up is still too high, but the rate of treatment failure in patients who remain in care is low ; the spectrum of early morbidity on ART is similar to that off ART, though with IRIS being a specific additional issue to deal with during the first months of treatment ; and treatment regimen modification is mainly related to toxicity, though tuberculosis and pregnancy also frequently lead to nevirapine and efavirenz discontinuation. From the end of the first year of ART, virological failure emerges as a challenging issue in settings where plasma viral load cannot be measured. The CD4 count and the body mass index evolution at 6 months and 12 months are not predictive enough to become surrogates for virological outcomes. However, they are strongly associated with early viral load suppression, and further studies should assess whether they might become useful tools for helping decide when to switch to second-line regimen over a longer period of time
Guillemot, François. "Révolution nationale et lutte pour l'indépendance au Viêt-Nam : l'échec de la troisième voie "Đại Việt" : Đại Việt Quốc Dân Đảng." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4030.
Full textThis study of the Nationalist Party of Great Vietnam (Dai Viet Quoc Dan Dang) provides a new look at the process of national revolution and the struggle for Vietnamese independence during the first half of the 20th century. By examining little known events, the political role, logic and the dynamics of the Dai Viet are restored and situated in the context of the period 1945-1954. As the competitor of the Viet Minh, the Dai Viet missed its revolution and was one of the main targets of the repression organised by the Indochinese Communist Party against the opposition. The Dai Viet succeeded in reviving itself in order to put Bao Dai at the head of a national state in 1949. However, the Dai Viet's success in pushing a "nationalist solution" against the "Bao Dai" one was undermined by the Vietnamese head of state, French authorities and communist terrorism. The roles of the ICP and the French emerge as determining factors in explaining the failure of the Dai Viet. To support this argument, we emphasise three important periods: the emergence of the party and its political programme, the national rupture of 1945-1946, and lastly the operation of the Dai Viet under the national State of Bao Dai
Egret, Paul. "Synchronisation des flux physiques et financiers : mise en évidence de l'échec du déploiement d'un ERP au travers d'une étude de cas." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01059804.
Full textSchimel, Anne. "L'expérience des Brigades rouges de 1968 à 1978 : analyse de l'échec d'une politique de rupture et d'une conception réductrice du conflit." Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO20029.
Full textA terrorist act releases on the behaviour of failure with the system, here a democracy, so that to modify not only the institutions but more, some measures came into force in the country (the town, the area, the whole country). Usually this kind of acts show, not only a break policy, but also, a reduced idea of an interior state conflict. The example of the aldo moro's knidapping and murder in rome in 1978, represents an illustration of what happened before by similar events in germany, and about what will occur next in other european countries. These kind of events shows three key points : the new figure of the mediatic hero, on the inernational stage : the terrorist, - on the same stage the "crusader judge", a new profile of an examining magistrate. - the political change of a democratic government, in order to defend and protect himself against the terrorism will be able to produce "special laws"
Pitombeira, Lacourly Rita Marina. "Le processus d'apprentissage : rapport pédagogique et contexte socio-culturel : étude de l'échec scolaire dans les écoles publiques de Fortaleza-Ceara-Brésil." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H030.
Full textStudy of the causes of school failures in public primary schools, from the lst to the 4th series, in Fortaleza, capital of the state of Ceara in Brazil the structure of this study is as follows: "general context and methodology" consists of defining the scope of our field of action : school failure and aspects of the implied reality involving a sample comprising three public schools. Materials used : teachers questionnaire, classroom observation, pupils characterization note, school characterization note. "The school - an approach to its reality", here we present the evolutionary aspect of school in relation to time and space; examine its organization, its structure and the pupil school life environment. "The different aspects of the teaching-learning process", here we analyze the contents of the school curriculum, the overall teaching and pupil appraisal methods. We based this part of the work on teacher’s representations and on our direct observation of their art. "The pupils in their social, cultural and economic context”
Grimberg, Isabelle. "Destin d'une doctrine de construction identitaire sous un régime communiste : chronique de l'échec de la mise sous tutelle du slavophilisme en URSS (1917-1988)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0002.
Full textTasselli, Vincent. "L'union des contraires dans l'univers de Marguerite Duras : une tentative désespérée jusqu'au bout de l'échec : Proposition d'analyse archétypale de l'imaginaire durassien." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR2009.
Full textMarguerite Duras’s writing is deeply mythical; her imaginary world is rooted in the most fundamental and primitive patterns of the human psyche. She reorganizes it in the inner crucible of her creation, thus creating multifaceted works, simultaneously extremely innovative and filled with archaic images that the author uses faithfully, rewrites, twists or completely flips over. In between literary and phenomenological exegesis (like Gaston Bachelard’s hermeneutics), anthropology (Mircea Eliade’s works), Gilbert Durand’s mythodology and Carl Gustav Jung and Marie-Louise von Franz’s depth psychology, we offer a precise study, as thorough as possible, of the archetypes scattered throughout Marguerite Duras’s imaginary world as well as their symbolical echo in her texts and filmography.This analysis will enable us to present a new interpretation of her writing with efficient and effective tools. Book after book, we will spot the symbols and confront them with as many cultural rituals, thoughts and tales as possible in order to grasp their meaning in each of her works. If Marguerite Duras’s quest can be considered as a desperate attempt to bring together opposites and absorb any antagonisms, her style and her artistic world gradually turn to a radical call for complete destruction that deeply changes the inner vision and the nature of her writing. Through the careful analysis of the images in a double corpus (the Indian cycle then the political trilogy), we wish to let these founding images reach the surface, examine their meaning while underlining their crucial modifications during the author’s production in literature, theatre and cinema
Richard, Gilles. "Le Centre national des indépendants et paysans de 1948 à 1962, ou L'échec de l'union des droites françaises dans le parti des modérés." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0028.
Full textPlante, Cyril. "L'échec de la passion tristanienne dans Terrains à vendre au bord de la mer d'Henry Ceard et The trepasser de David Herbert Lawrence." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20091.
Full textThe wagnerism is developped in the novel of the end of the XIXth century, especially in the interpretation of Wagner's Tristan and Isolde. Henry Céard and D. H Lawrence used the wagnerian referent so as to show the limits of the art faced with reality. The two novel get away the loving passion et demonstrate the mythic and sacred aspect of the Platonic love of Tristan, completely chimerical in the reality. This is getting to evaluate the impact of the wagnerian movement in the naturalit, symbolist and decadent novel, in France et in Europe. The writers try to use the musical technic like the leitmotiv in the novel
Mottier, Cédric. "Les salines de Tourmont et de Montmorot au comté de Bourgogne (Franche-Comté) sous Marguerite d'Autriche ou l'échec d'une souveraine à rebours de ses prédécesseurs." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCC021.
Full textThis doctoral thesis has as its object the two saltworks which Margaret of Austria, as a new countess of Burgundy from 1509, had built at Tourmont (France, Jura), from 1510, and Montmorot (France, Jura), from 1514 ; in the same year she authorized the exploitation of the salty springs of the castellany of Poligny (France, Jura) other than that of Tourmont. In doing so, she returned to the policy of her predecessors, who, since the middle of the 14th century, by the closure of salt-works and the non-exploitation of new salty springs, had gradually concentrated in Salins (France, Jura) the production of salt from their county of Burgundy.Why Margaret of Austria did this ? How did she implement her princely project ? And which results did she achieve in the end ?Answering these questions made it possible to develop new, numerous and varied elements of knowledge, in connection with these different objectives : to contribute to the history of salt and saltworks of Franche-Comté at the hinge of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, addressed under a technical, political and economic side, and through the fully new study of two small saltworks, while Salins has carved out the lion's share in the studies carried out since the 1960s ; dialogue with archeology, by comparing the contribution of handwritten and even iconographic sources with field observations from the collective research project Les sources salées du Jura, 6000 years of exploitation (1996-2001) ; enlighten the principate of Margaret of Austria in Franche-Comté (1509-1530), very little studied to this day, through the salt production policy that she led, breaking with that of her predecessors (1509-1522) ; and more generally, to see how these facts tell us about the way she exercised her power in Franche-Comté