Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et l'économie politique'
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Skomvoulis, Michalis. "Hegel et l'économie politique : l'économie du système et le système de l'économie politique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010713.
Full textBalenghien, Anne. "Politique d'investissement et transformations de l'économie soviétique." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010034.
Full textHuh, Kyung-Hoe. "Kant, Comte et Marx, critiques de l'économie politique." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100166.
Full textThere exist two distinctive traditions on the history of modern economic science: the scientist tradition and its demystification. This essay purposes to attest the "scientific" supremacy of the second over the first. In the first and introductory chapter, this thesis argues against the so-called orthodox economists and their scientist reduction of the economic science, first under the objectivistic pretence of a science of pure objects or to a science of the submission, secondly under the positive pretence to an apologetically science in favor of the existing bourgeois order, and lastly under nilistic pretence to an individualistic science. In the following chapters, the thesis attempts to recognize some diverse philosophical efforts to find the veritable scientific status of the economic science as an human science, that is, a science of the object in which the human being intervenes, a value oriented science, a science in search of the meaning of the human life. The second chapter has chosen E. Kant and A. Comte to be attributable for the premier criticisms of the modern political economy
Ambrosetti, Elena. "L'économie politique et l'enjeu démographique dans l'Egypte républicaine." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0030.
Full textThis research is about Egyptian fertility during the last fifty years. The fertility has experienced a unique evolution compared to other countries with similar development level: an early drop of the TFR has been observed since the end of the fifties, followed by a long fluctuation period, then by a new decline since the middle eighties, by a stagnation during the second part of the nineties, and finally by a new decline since the year 2000. The main hypothesis of the study is that fertility has kept a medium level for several reasons, in particular the institutional context, the religious traditionalism, the economic crisis and poverty, the political situation, the role of women in the society, the early marriage, the infant and maternal mortality…Therefore we try to conceptualize the effects of institutions from the economical, social, political and religious point of view on demographic behaviours, in particular on the fertility decline. Actually we study the factors that affect the supply and the demand of children and we observe the political context in which fertility transition takes place. We use several source of data: the Egyptian Fertility Survey (EFS) of 1980; the Egyptian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) of the years 1988, 1992, 1995, 2000, 2003, and published data from the Central Agency of Social Mobilisation and Statistics (CAPMAS), United Nations, NGO's and The Egyptian Central Bank
Delmas, Bernard. "François Quesnay et la naissance de l'économie politique." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50374-2000-43.pdf.
Full textBadr-Eddine, Mohammad. "Les banques et l'économie libanaise." Nice, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NICE2013.
Full textFall, Abdou Khadre Dit Jadir. "L'économie politique de la santé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080059.
Full textThis thesis explores the tools that political economy offers in the study of health: it is the political economy of health The political economy of health can be defined as a positive discipline that describes the role of political forces in a health care system and the factors and other forces that determine how that role is played.The association between politics and health is as old as our civilization, since as far back as the first writings go, medicine has always been associated with the state apparatus. Moreover, there are now various political models of financing a health system i.e. social democrat, liberal, conservative or even communist in the former USSR.By focusing on the institutional aspect of population health analysis, we consider a health care market composed of political decision-makers (candidates, government, elected officials) considered as providers of legislation in order to maximize the number of vote but also their wealth, pressure groups from the health industries (pharmaceutical industries, medical and hospital associations, alternative medicines and health insurance companies) who are considered as buyers of legislation to maximize their wealth, the citizen who is a consumer of care in addition to being a potential voter, bureaucrats who can make decisions motivated by their interest, information and communication technologies that are promotional tools used by different actors and finally the international organizations that can serve the interests of di to actors. Each of these actors has a role, in a care system, which is specific to him given the constraints imposed by the other actorsIn this thesis, we explore the contributions of the institutional aspects in the study of population health by answering the following questions. How can we define the political economy of health, who are these actors and what roles for each one, what are the links between political ideologies and health systems as well as democracy and health, what are the roles of health industry lobbies and policymakers in a health system. The answers to these different questions involve theoretical studies such as the study of influences in the political and health systems of medical, hospital and alternative medicine associations such as AMA, AHA, ADA, BMA, KVB, CMA, FHF, ICA, ACA, mathematical modeling of these influences as well as empirical studies modeling the roles of institutional factors in a health care system. Theoretical and empirical studies as well as the different models allowed us to show the benefits of exploring the institutional aspect in the analysis of a health care system. This for a better understanding of the stakes and consequences of the different possible interactions that can exist between these actors and for a better search for efficiency of the system
Levan-Lemesle, Lucette. "L'enseignement de l'économie politique en France (1860-1939)." Paris 1, 1995. http://books.openedition.org/igpde/2584.
Full textIn france, teaching of political economy is divided in three periods. 1) a free treaching monopolizes liberal say's inheritence. Academie des sciences morales et politiques makes a choice among its graduates to form professors. 2) secund, faculties in law became dominante instance, and some special places, in paris, become sort of satellites. From 1896, professors are formed with a special exam. They reexamine without any conformism all liberal orthodoxy and just became real professionels. 3) but 1930 crisis spoils their prestige. Famous ingeneers ask for more mathematic economics and claim for expert's recognition
Rouge-Pullon, Cyrille. "Justice sociale et efficacité économique : John Rawls et l'économie politique." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100135.
Full textShimizu, Kazumi. "L'économie politique de François Perroux : une théorie générale." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21019.
Full textThis thesis attempts to determine the characteristics of fr. Perroux's economic theory and to clarify its structure. The first chapter deals with his "domination theory" starting with the concept of "power", which is elaborated as "domination effect", whereas the second chapter concerns the economic dynamics of fr. Perroux, with special emphasis on the specific agent of "nation". These two previous chapters allow to understand his methodology known as "methodological collectivism", and to lay out the structure of his economics from three points of view : regulationist, internationalist, and saint-simonian. Each aspect is explained respectively in each of the last three chapters. The conclusion focuses on the absence of two concepts in his economics, money and crisis. In which the absence of "money" is related to that of "crisis". Paradoxically. In spite of this absence, fr. Perroux has developed two necessary concepts to explain the current crisis : the first is the "cooperative struggle (lutte-concours)" between dominant national economies, the second being the "domination effects" of strong "macro-units"
Tucci, Marco. "La politique et son double : éléments pour une critique de l'économie politique d'aujourd'hui." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE2007.
Full textNowadays general public is convinced, by the neoliberal doctrines and also by politicians of all political belief that the end of politics, which has become now pure administration, and that economy, qualified as its double, could replace politics in an effective way. By the consequence, the frequently followed choice by politicians to ask experts for advice to solve the governmental issues. The meaning of exhaustion of politics, confirmed by the book, written by Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man, due to flattening of politics of States-Nations, due to the organisms supremacy, as the European Union, more economical than political, due to the end of the cold war between the two world powers and due to an increasing complexity of social problems. Therefore, the first question to ask is the following: may politics be replaced by its double which, in my opinion, is, the economy and not politics, the opposite of the initial Marx thought? It is necessary to remind that the relationship between economics and politics has been to the heart of Marx, Lenin, Hayek thoughts, as well, but also as per the anthropological philosophy of Hannah Arendt. If the answer to this question is negative, it is necessary to pose another question: are politics and democracy of today able to face the challenges of the future which needs steady peace, to win against the worldwide poverty, to find a new relationship between human being and nature and maybe to bring in politics a new ethics? This thesis has the aim to give some elements to answer to the aforesaid questions
Delgado, Pugley Deborah. "Les politiques climatiques et la Panamazonie : l'action des peuples amazoniens et l'économie politique des changements environnementaux." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0017.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse the attempts to reform land and resources management policies tha emanate from global environmental political regimes and concern the Upper Amazon region. It examines some of the coalitions, alliances, and negotiation strategies that have accompanied and shaped the process of climate change politics from the preparation of COP 15 in Copenhagen (2009) to the preparation of COP 21 in Paris (2015). Using a form of multi-sited ethnography, it compares and contrasts the involvement in REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries) negotiations of, on the one hand, Peru and Bolivia, and, on the other hand, two transnational movements, the indigenous peoples movement and the forest conservation coallitions of NGOs. How do indigenous peoples of the Amazon region have occupied the political space created by climate change negotiations? Hav< they succeeded to gain recognition and to negotiate a better access to resources and services? Are they calling into question the assumptions of the regimes that govern the environmental transformation of these lands? Indigenous people's organizations have being targets and partners of environmental and development policies but they have being rarely recognized the capacity to express what is "true for all" in a community of interest. By following key mobilizatior processes of indigenous peoples during the period studied (2010-2014) in Bolivia and Peru as well as in the transnational level this thesis aims to enrich the understanding of indigenous social movements, including normative global orders as a key level of analysis and focusing on the way this political realm articulates the relationship between the "human" and "the environment. "
Dixneuf, Marc. "L'économie et la politique étrangère de la France : pratiques et représentations." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100191.
Full textKohn, Judith. "Choix de politique commerciale et croissance : application à l'économie palestinienne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32051.
Full textCan trade liberalization promote the Palestinian economic development ? According to modern theories of endogeneous growth, we assume that oppennes fosters growth primarly through the transmission of technological knowledge. Thus should the Palestinian Authority opt for regional integration and to which state in the region should it open his borders ? To Israel, caracterized by its large stock of new technologies in spite of the development gap or is it more benefic to open to Arabic neighbouring countries like Jordan or Egypt, much closer to Palestianian stage of development but less advanced technologically. .
Casamatta, Georges. "L'économie politique de la protection sociale et de la redistribution." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10052.
Full textSpector, Céline. "Economie et politique dans l'oeuvre de Montesquieu." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100122.
Full textEbene, Nyamnding Elise Mireille. "Politiques agricoles et crise de l'économie camerounaise (1960-1998)." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2011BOR30067.
Full textThis thesis which is entitled : “Politiques agricoles et crise de l’économie camerounaise (1960-1998)” in English “The role of the Cameroon’s agricultural policies in the wreck of the national economy from 1960 to 1998”, appears to be a historical essay on the misadventures of Cameroonian agriculture since the country became independent in 1960 up till the fateful years of the economic crisis which stroke Cameroon in the years 1990. Using a constructivist approach, the work goes back into the remote past, during the colonial period to point out colonial choices based on the production of commercial cash crops. A choice which the government of Cameroon inherited from the French and English colonial masters. The essay shows that colonization deeply influenced the way the government foresaw the place of Agriculture into the independent Cameroon. It also stresses the response it gave to the frequent misfortune of the choice of the government, the successive attempts of solutions that were forwarded. The implementation of the Green Revolution on the one hand and the instauration of Agricultural Shows happened to be the major attempts the government brought to sustain its policies. These attempts certainly delayed the wreck of an agricultural policy staled in its basements but could not prevent the economic structural crisis that erupted with the sudden fall of the main export cash crops on which the economic development of Cameroon depended. A disillusion which guided the government toward a new and more innovative approach based on a more diversified Agriculture bound to protect the economy from the instable international market. But the new policy seems not to be very different from the former one considering the strong emphasis the government still puts on the exportation of the same cash crops
Le, Louarn Emmanuelle. "L'Etat mexicain et l'économie politique de la stabilisation et de l'ajustement structurel : le rôle de l'Etat mexicain dans la mise en place des politiques de stabilisation et d'ajustement structurel, l'impact des politiques néo-libérales sur l'autonomie relative et l'hégémonie de l'Etat mexicain et sur l'insertion de l'économie mexicaine dans l'économie mondiale." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030067.
Full textLladser, Antinéa. "Système financier et croissance endogène : une application à l'économie chinoise." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100085.
Full textCapela, Dombaxi Tepa. "L'économie angolaise et les firmes multinationales (FM)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010026.
Full textThe main goal of our thesis is to, on one hand, contribue to a better knowledge of the Angolan economy through a brief presentation of the present economic situation of angola. This presentation is designed to provide new multinational firms (MF) that are planning to settle in Angola, with a reference document. On the other hand, this thesis has allowed us to propose a se of measures that have to be implemented in order to facilitate the entry and the control of MF in Angola. After a presentation of the different sectors of the angolan economy, the framework within which mf work, we have analyzed and applied the determinants of multinationalization and those of delocalization and the strategies of the mf that are present in angola. Futhemore, in the last part of our thesis, we attempt to analyze the influence and, the importance of mf in the Angolan economy, through an emphasis on their contribution to the gross national product and to employment. Our study has shown that mf are centralized in the only really profitable sector (the petroleum sector), thus marginalizing others sectors (the manufacturing sector. . . ) Which promote job creation. Even though the number of jobs created by the mf is smaller than the level of investment conducted, one needs to underline the considerable importance of their contribution to the national income(1). This is the reason why, we have to encourage their entry in Angola
Angeletti, Thomas. "Le laboratoire de la nécessité : économistes, institutions et qualifications de l'économie." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0128.
Full textSeveral proposals may be put forward in order to address the question of how a collective being such as the economy emerged and regularly tests its existence. This thesis intends to answer this problem by studying the contribution of the economists to its describability. How the economy has been progressively constituted like an area on which if is possible to intervene and act, but about which one can also measure and predict movements as if was driven by its own forces? ln that purpose this thesis is based on several investigations mobilizing interviews, archives and ethnographic observations. Through a few seminal episodes in France during the 20th century, it studies various layouts of the economy. The analysis begins on the actions taken to bring the economy as a specific area. It continues on planning developments of the 1960s, and on the paradigm shift of the 1980s. By examining how each episode contributes to give to the economy a surplus of existence, this thesis shows how economists have been able to gradually occupy a central place in State institutions. This research shows how the increased role of economics moves the forms of legitimacy underlying political regimes, to the detriment of a policy relied on the "general will". Ft thus reflects the process by which economic phenomena have appeared gradually as natural facts and sometimes even as necessary and unsurpassable facts
Gafouri, Ala'a. "Islam et économie : réflexions sur les principes fondamentaux de l'économie islamique." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010506.
Full textGouaux, Denis. "Restrictions volontaires aux exportations : l'apport de l'économie politique du protectionnisme." Pau, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PAUU2005.
Full textBerrada, Jaouad. "Croissance et endettement de l'économie marocaine 1973-1982." Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090003.
Full textBarzin, Nader. "L'économie politique de développement de l'énergie nucléaire en Iran : 1957-2004." Paris, EHESS, 2004. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011311.
Full text"Atoms for peace" was introduced in Iran under US initiative in 1957. The developing Iran of the era had no need of atomic technology. The US initiative was based on its position of weakness and desire of controlling the international nuclear sector. The launch of the nuclear industry in Iran in 1974 corresponded to the last phase of international cooperation in this field. US-Iranian relations had already entered the period of lack of trust due to the nationalization of Iranian oil industry by the Shah and his participation in OPEC prise increase. For these reasons the completion of the program was problematic and was aborted with the revolution of 1979. Our thesis holds that the revelation of Iranian enrichment capacity in 2002 serves two essential functions : first a "virtual dissuasion" against invasion of American forces that besiege Iran on all frontiers. Second, having demonstrated-and abandoned its military capability, Iran seeks to be finally able to operate its civilian nuclear industry after 30 years of obstacles
Badet, François. "L'économie alternative de l'expérimentation à la théorisation." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010024.
Full textThe socio-economic and environmental crises seem to show the failure of the traditional economic policies now, since the sixties, the alternative economics maintains the idea that the economy is a political matter and that it is the matter of everybody. This conception leads to go beyond the traditional opposition between the welfare state and the law of the market. This take-over of the economy back to the people takes the forms of economic practices of solidarity and economic democracy. It finds its roots in the utopian socialisms of the last century. Simultaneously, it induces to question the main economic theories and it proposes an alternative approach of the economy. It considers the person rather than the homo oeconomicus, the political society rather than the merchant space, a generous environment rather than an illimited one, advanced intelligibility schemes rather than mechanism. This approach is grounded on small is beautiful, the gandhian economics, the maussian gift, the humanistic economics, the bio-economics, the feminism. . . This way, the economic thought opens itself to the other sciences et to the human questions. This approach allows a different analysis of the problems of the moment : unemployment is seen as a mutation of the economic development, the under-development as the diversion of the flows by the developped countries, environmental crisis as the conflict between two logics. The economic logic itself is in question. It defines new tools, like alternative indicators. These count social and environmental indicators and are build in order to be used by the concerned people. It promotes a new definition of work, the share of the working time, a basic income and the multi-activity; a reinstatement of the biosphere, with the ecological firms and the normative management; and the institution of a third sector that gives the control over the economy back to the community
Laurent, Alain. "Passage à la convertibilité et transition vers l'économie de marché : Pologne - Hongrie - Tchécoslovaquie." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE21028.
Full textThe first two chapters are retrospective. Chapter one describes the inconvertibity of the three eastern european currencies (and of the transferable ruble) as a consequence of their real inconvetibility. Chapter to focuses on the hungarian and polish reforms, attempts to improve foreign trade efficiency, by adopting realistic exchange rates, considered as a first step towards convertibility. The former could never be reached because of the constraints imposed by the command economy, which was never abandonned, and those resulting from the relations within the council of mutual economic assistance. Chapter three explains why convertibility is essential to the reopening of eastern europe, a necessary condition to overwhelm the legacy of central planning and to implement successfully macroeconomic stabilization. Drawing the lessons of the introduction of convertibility, chapter four explains that the use of the exchange rate as an anti-inflationnary device is a complete failure. Chapter five assesses the three countries foreign trade reorientation process. Though rocketting and absolutely necessary, because of the lack of significant willingness of commercial cooperation in eastern europe, it appears as fragile
Zerbato, Michel. "Keynes et l'économie monétaire de production." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D001.
Full textBerlan, Jean-Pierre. "Recherches sur l'économie politique d'un changement technique : les mythes du maïs hybride." Aix-Marseille 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX24007.
Full textBonnetain, Philippe. "L'état et la pollution en France : l'économie politique de la réglementation antipollution." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010013.
Full textThis thesis extends the traditionnal economic literature on pollution control regulations by introducing regulatory choice in an environment of interactions between pressure groups and regulators. Economists have tended to treat the issue of pollution through normative theories of public goods and externalities. This thesis is aimed at capturing to what extent French environmental protection policy is subjected to pressures from different groups of agents affected by this policy. We develop a theoritical model of pressure groups in order to explain the effects of key features of pressure groups on regulators choice of economico-environmental instruments like quotas, taxes and subsidies. The latter measures have different redistributive impacts on economic agents. The groups of agents with higher losses tend to lessen the developpment and the enforcement of environmental policy and vice versa for the groups of agents with lower costs. Comparative statics results are linked to econometrical treatment. It is shown that french environmental policy is partially influenced by pressure groups. In particular, ecologist parties results and penalties against firms violating pollution regulation are founded lower in departments where unemployment rate is high
Charles, Loïc. "La liberté du commerce des grains et l'économie politique française (1750-1770)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010063.
Full textPrevost, Benoît. "Marché et nation : la stabilité du corps social dans l'économie politique naissante." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100151.
Full textMarchand, Nadège. "Ultimatum et logique économique de la négociation : l'apport de l'économie expérimentale." Lyon 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO20032.
Full textValdy, Jérôme. "Monnaie et incertitude : les apports des théories autrichienne et post keynésienne à l'économie monétaire : une approche comparative." Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX32001.
Full textThe failure of neo-classical economics to integrate money in general equilibrium models - Hahn's problematic - is due to its conception of probabilistic uncertainty : i. E. , the risk. Using Keynes' and Knight's alternative definition of uncertainty, non measurable or non probabilistic uncertainty, money can truly take into account. The study of theoretical relations between money and uncertainty bring out a double causality link between the two concepts : 1) a link between uncertainty => (toward) money. It raises the question of the nature of the money. 2) a link between money => (toward) uncertainty. It poses the problem of co-ordination in a monetary economy. Firstly Austrian and post Keynesian theoreticians with two divergent conceptions of uncertainty can grasp the nature of money in its individual and social dimension. .
Nguyen, Van ha. "Stratégie d'industrialisation et compétitivité de l'économie vietnamienne." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747149.
Full textSoulat, Laurent. "Évolutions des keiretsu financiers et du système de financement de l'économie japonaise." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010062.
Full textKopp, Pierre. "L'économie de la déréglementation et ses paradoxes : le cas de la télévision." Paris 13, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA131026.
Full textFretigny, Raphaël. "Financer la cité : la Caisse des dépôts et l'économie politique du développement urbain." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20124/document.
Full textThis dissertation aims at finding a coherence in the diversity of interventions and in the evolution of the Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations (CDC) in urban development. It analyses the involvement of this public financial institution in urban development, by placing the focus on the articulation of its two major characteristics. While being subjected to political injunctions and to the "general interest", the CDC has to remunerate the capital it manages, especially household savings. The inquiry consists in "following" the money from the deposit to its investment in the urban setting. The study focuses in particular on two cities: Nantes and Sarcelles.This dissertation reveals how the changing role of the State and of the CDC in the financial system has left a significant mark on urban forms. It shows how much postwar urban growth owes to the CDC. At the time, this institution routed, under the control of the state, a large portion of savings into the financing of urban development. The shape of the housing projects (grands ensembles) owes much to the financial model and technical subsidiaries of the CDC. Financial liberalization in the 1980s then reduced the influence of the CDC on savings and on credits to urban development, in favor of the market. Reforms of accounting techniques and norms gradually imposed market discipline to the CDC’s financial circuits and tended to confine its role in support of urban policies to credits for social housing
De, Albuquerque Salles Severo. "Le Brésil 1964-1985 : l'économie, la politique et la question de la démocratie." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100030.
Full textThis work is situated in the theoretical field of the Marxism. It aims to emphasize the libertarian and democratic content of the latter. Its main goal is to produce a global vision of the political and economic transformations that occurred in Brazil during the 1964-1985 period, under the rule of a military dictatorship that degenerated in to a State terrorist regime. The democracy question will be focused within this process. This dictatorship eased the path for the current financial globalization. It is assumed that social struggle on the grounds of class antagonisms offers the clue to understanding this period
Bhattacharyya, Subhes Chandra. "La réforme des prix de l'énergie en Inde : impacts sur le secteur énergétique et sur l'économie." Université Pierre Mendès France (Grenoble ; 1990-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE21007.
Full textGiven that pricing policies can play a major role in improving the energy outlook of a country like india whose energy sector is facing serious problems, the principal objective of this study is to propose a satisfactory energy pricing policy for india on the one hand and to evaluate the sectoral and macro-economic impacts of such policy reforms on the other. A comparison of economically efficient prices of different products with the existing market prices reveals certain negative aspects of the current policies. However, subsidies on certain products can be justified on equity and socio-economic grounds. Moreover, it is emphasised that environmental concerns of energy use need to be taken into account in pricing policies in india. A set of hypotheses regarding energy pricing policy is then developed in order to analyse the impacts of a reform. The impact analysis is carried out at two levels, sectoral and macro-economic impacts are estimated using a small computable general equilibrium model. Our analysis highlights the following points: - a reform of energy prices constitutes a means of controlling commercial energy demand ; such a reform, however, might encourage an increased consumption of traditional energies ; - an energy price reform, except the case where external costs are internalised, exhibits certain disadvantages from an environmental viewpoint ; - an increase in energy prices will adversely affect gdp and the agricultural sector appears to suffer considerably ; the recycling of tax revenue offsets considerably the adverse effects ; - the balance of payment situation of the country does not show any appreciable change. Given the obstacles to reforms in india and to avoid possible adverse effects, it seems that a progressive and transparent reform process will be desirable. This may, however, need certain institutional changes
Omgba, Luc Désiré. "Trois essais sur l'économie politique de la rente pétrolière dans les Etats africains." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/49/40/70/PDF/These_L.D._OMGBA.pdf.
Full textThe vision of the role of natural resources in the development process has changed over the last thirty years. The optimistic views of the beginning became more moderate, even pessimistic. This thesis focuses on the role of oil in the political, institutional, and economic performances of African countries, some of which are richly endowed. It revolves around three empirical essays. Chapter 2 focuses on the duration of political regimes in Africa and shows from a duration model that revenues from oil exploitation play an important role. Chapter 3 examines the high indebtedness of oil-producing countries. A collateral effect of oil resources is highlighted, it dominates an instability effect. Chapter 4 includes, in a dynamic computable general equilibrium model, the permanent income hypothesis presented in the literature as the answer to the fiscal management of oil revenues. It concludes that a relevant rule of oil revenues management in African countries should not reduce only the impact of volatility on public finances, but it should also address the development needs of African oilproducing countries
Mauvois-Bacholnik, Chantale. "Les nouveaux pays industriels d'Extrême-Orient dans l'économie mondiale (Corée du Sud, Taiwan et Singapour)." Paris, INALCO, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INAL0010.
Full textThe emergency of far eastern NIC's in world economy has been one the most striking facts of the past 20 years. In a context of international economic crisis, these countries have experienced Japanese-like performances allowing them to escape to underdevelopment. What are the reasons of their success? Are these economics mere excrescences of foreign capitalism or real national economies ? These thesis analyses the factors explicating the rapid transformation of these countries and shows the role of original industrial and economical state policies and local entrepreneurship though geographical, historical and cultural environment
Vahabi, Mehrdad. "La pensée économique de János Kornai (1955-1984) : de la réforme de l'économie socialiste à la théorie de l'économie de pénurie." Paris 7, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA070048.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the genesis and the evolution of economic thinking of janos kornai from 1955-1956 (the date of writing his doctoral dissertation) up to 1984 (the date of publication of his article entitled "bureaucratic and market coordination"). This study covers the "reformist" epoch of kornai's since the "naivete" phase-as he calls it-up to the "radicalisation" phase. The beginning of this epoch is marked by the formation of a critical vision in author's analysis regarding with the economic mechanism of traditional socialism and the elaboration of an alternative project of decentralized planification (a variant of market socialism). It ends by the author's rejection of market-plan discourse and the introduction of a new discourse in terms of bureaucratic versus market coordination
Bazzoli, Laure. "Action collective, travail, dynamique du capitalisme : fondements et actualité de l'économie institutionnaliste de J.R. Commons." Lyon 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO22011.
Full textBannani, Anis. "L'investissement direct étranger et son impact sur l'économie et la croissance en Tunisie." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05D008.
Full textThe conclusion of our work, we were able to defuse the effect of causality between the foreign direct investment and the promotion of the growth of Tunisia, and it according to very specific channels to the peculiarity of this economy, advantages that it presents and future horizons especially in the current situation, where we attend the emergence of rival countries, the slowing down of world economic activity and mainly the lightning financial crisis which go the financial sphere of the main developed countries by sowing the uncertainty and the dubt as for the savings and the investment
Borisova-, Karachanova Margarita. "Initiative individuelle et intervention publique dans l'économie politique et sociale de Léon Walras : un débat fondamental ?" Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA131024.
Full textThis doctoral thesis relates to the debate on the role of initiative and public participation in the political and social economy of Leon Walras.In the first part the analysis focuses on the philosophy of August Walras who laid the foundation of a real scientific approach to the political and economic theory of property and community in the 19th century. Leon Walras elaborates his own project of political and social economy through a new contribution to a triple vision offering an entire insight by three sciences (pure, applied and social economics). The role of personal initiative and public participation in the political economy of Leon Walras will be revealed through: the redistribution theory and the production theory known as the first and second social question. The second part, following the logic of the thesis, proposes concrete examples in order to understand Walras' theory model as well as to study the topicality of these terms. The importance conferred on public participation will be explored in the works of Leon Walras on intellectual property, nationalization of land and railroad
Baudry, Marc. "Les options : applications à l'économie des ressources et de l'environnement." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10001.
Full textRhee, Hyunjung Estelle. "Politique européenne de l'armement et nouveaux enjeux de la sécurité dans la mondialisation : une approche par l'économie politique internationale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS007S.
Full textOur study suggests analyzing the European Armament policy in relation with the security in the context of the globalization according to an approach by international political economy. Divided into two parts, the first one aims at setting the issues and finding the theoretical approaches in Security, European integration and the process of the globalization. By trying to highlight the new role of the States and the power relations between themselves, the first part always poses the question of the Security and in particular that of the Europeans, mainly analyzed on the basis of the European Security and Defense policy -ESDP, the NATO and the transatlantic relations. The second one offers an empirical study on the Technological and innovation stakes in the sector of the armament. Here, we tried to emphasize the interaction between the economical and the political issues in order to deal with the armament crisis, the transatlantic aspects and the various institutions of the sector (OCCAR and the European Defense Agency, for example), the technological questions, the bureaucratic role of the European Commission and the potentialities of the structured cooperations. This study also establishes a stake in perpsective of the military technological innovation in Europe, in the process of globalization and transatlantization
Douenne, Thomas. "Essais sur l'économie des politiques environnementales : préférences, croyances, et redistribution." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01E056.
Full textThe four chapters of this thesis aim to better understand citizens' attitudes towards environmental policies. The first chapter assesses the redistributive impact of the French carbon tax. It shows that the carbon tax is regressive, but could be made progressive if its revenue were returned uniformly to all households. However, the policy would generate significant horizontal redistributive effects and penalize a large share of modest households. Based on a new survey with a large representative sample, the second chapter co-authored with Adrien Fabre shows that the French are opposed to the carbon tax even if its revenue is returned to them uniformly. This rejection goes hand in hand with strongly rooted pessimistic perceptions of the effects of the policy, which can be explained by the respondents' mistrust. Our analysis shows, however, that when households are convinced of the objective effects of the policy - on their purchasing power, on the environment, and in redistributive terms - their support increases very significantly. The third chapter, based on the same survey, is more descriptive. It aims to assess French attitudes towards climate change and the prospects for French climate policy after the Yellow Vest crisis. The fourth chapter, more theoretical, uses a model to study how environmental disasters affect consumption, investment and environmental protection decisions according to people's attitude to risk
Vanel, Grégory. "L'économie politique de l'étalon dollar : les Etats-Unis et le nouveau régime financier international." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21020.
Full textTwo phenomena characterize the current financial structure: its globalization and its instability. Firstly, standard economic theories consider that the first one has an exogenous origin, whereas market imperfections could explain the outbreak of the second. Secondly, orthodox International Political Economy theories consider that international financial instability can not be managed because of the end of the United-States leadership. We suggest a thesis that contests these interpretations, in theory and in practice. Using a neo-weberian conception of the State and a structuralist approach of the international financial regime, we show that the financiarization of the U. S. Economy is the key factor of the financial structure evolution. A new international financial regime (the dollar standard) was born in the seventies and has been stabilized since the nineties. At the international level, it is made of a liberalized order and a new polarised system. It gives a key function to U. S Treasury securities and dollar, and let the United-States to finance their current account deficit, as they absorb a growing part of the world saving. Nevertheless, using Minsky conceptions of finance, we show that this new regime is the cause of the outbreak of financial instability. It produces a paradoxal effect: in the same time, it strengthens key actors adhesion to this regime, especially adhesion of Central Banks, whereas cumulative world imbalances that could cause the collapse of the regime are growing