Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et la certitude'
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Génique, Gwenaëlle. "Vérité et certitude en droit." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS008S.
Full textThe assimilation of the truth and certainty notions in laws is meaningful. When it consists in matching objective conceptions of the truth and certainty, it is a question of supporting the juridical order stability by concealing axiological implications of law. The reference to the objective truth is a way to legitimize law guaranteeing its incontestability and indeed its stability. Exclusion of the notion of the truth from law because objectively conceived, would be inaccessible and its perpetual research would go against law stability, is however problematic. It is possible to put it right by adopting an intersubjective conception of the truth and more specifically a procedural conception, which can agree with the requirement of stability of law. Another path would be to consider material truth as a regulative notion of law, which assumes a disconnection of the truth and certainty notions in law
Gleizer, Marcos André. "Vérité et certitude chez Spinoza." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040035.
Full textOur objective in this study is to examine Spinoza’s theory of truth and certainty. The goal being to highlight the meaning and range of the spinozist thesis as expressed by the formula: "truth is the standard both of itself and of the false". We first determined the spinozist concept of truth through the analysis of adequacy (extrinsic property of true idea). We have shown of agreement (extrinsic property of true idea). We have shown that these two aspects of true idea are complementary, though the first plays a more important role in that it also functions as the standard of truth. We then examined the concept of certainty. This concept is linked to the apodictic character of adequacy and is understood as indubitability, that is, as the power to exclude reasons to doubt. Finally we have shown, through examination of the spinozist solution to the "cartesian circle" problem, that this thesis supports the perfectly consistent concept of self-justification of reason
Rivero, Prada Martha Inès. "Croyance et certitude dans la psychose." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082058.
Full textOlivo, Gilles. "Humana sapientia. Descartes et la question de l'essence de la vérité." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040264.
Full textOuld, Daddy Sidi Mohamed. "La quête de l'être : nostalgie et certitude chez Descartes et Alquié." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2007.
Full textThe quest of being is a fundamental requirement of reason and a deep aspiration of the consciousness. This quest couldn't be reducted concentrated in an enterprise merely cognitive. Man wants certainly to reach the truth but it will never be able to satisfy any rational systematizations. The quest therefore appears like a superior form of research of the truth reached by a conscious subject of his connection to the world and to god. It is a reaction of the mind facing the multiple heavinesses of the being. If so being will remain verbose one consciousness connected with the real. The consciousness of being, of its existence, appears the result of an intellectual effort. An effort that unveils the drama of existence source of all metaphysical anguish. The quest of being is written in times and obliges us renounce eternity. It is to say that an aspiration thusly wanted consciousness is nothing but the expression of the nostalgia of being. Man is time, consciousness and action, in such a way that the lucidity opens the message of alquie on the quest of being
Belzile, Jean-François. "Vaincre et convaincre : une dialectique indienne de la certitude (IIIe-VIIe s.)." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0025.
Full textVincette, Pascale. "La théorie de la connaissance et de la certitude chez John Henry Newman." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010515.
Full textBlebea-Nicolae, Gabriela. "De la casuistique à l'éthique appliquée : sur la certitude et l'incertitude en morale." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0014.
Full textStarting from the themes of casistry, the dissertation proposed has discussed the moral type of certainty and it has undertaken to assess the extent to which uncertainty is inherent to moral choices. In order for moral choices to have a sense, they have to rest on the authority of at least a minimal certainty, but by contrarst to the scientific certainty, they require both a rational and an affective adequacy and, in addition, they need to take into account the connection between the moral decisions and the mere contingencies, which are likely to vary indefinitely and which lead to the impossibility for moral certainty to be absolute. In the present work, the certainty/uncertainty theme has been approached through the theme of the falibility/unfalibility of the human conscience, through the certainty that supposedly is granted by the natural law, and through the uncertainty that is derived from the variable interpretations of the "naturel", through the ways in which the practical wisdom takes upon itself to make decisions adequate to the particular situations, no matter how exceptional these situations may be and especially, through the modalities in which virtues offer solutions by observing or transgressing the laws
Guérin, Nicolas. "L' état de certitude : approche psychanalytique et modalités épistémiques des variééts de l'incroyance." Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX10035.
Full textNicolas, Jonathan. ""Evolution du délire dans la psychose" : "la certitude délirante, ses failles et perspectives thérapeutiques dans un cas de schizophrénie paranoïde"." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC200/document.
Full textHow to understand that the delusional reality of the schizophrenic person can both be marked by an unshakeable certainty but that this reality can change over the discussions we can have with psychotic patients? Is there however not a contradiction to consider the possibility of an evolution within a delusional certainty?This research paper will aim to study the delusional processes in schizophrenia, in particular the phenomenon of delirious certainty which characterizes this type of pathology. We will focus on highlighting the function of such adhesion in the psychotic delirium, by trying to understand the reasons which lead the subject to believe in a delusional reality. After having considered how the phenomenon of credence is conceptualized in three disciplines of thought (philosophy, psychiatry and psychoanalysis), we will attempt to show how delirious certainty can answer a fundamental necessity for its subjective construction and how it shows a fight of the subject with the experience of anxiety. We will link this rise of anxiety with the onset of fantasies as they occur unbeknownst to the subject. However, the clinical case we will lean on will report the limitations of this delirious certainty, for it does not allow the schizophrenic subject to get rid entirely of fantasy thinking. The study we devote to these « failures » of the delirious certainty will aim to address the fragility of the delusional system and the consequences of the fantastical intrusion on the subjective experience of the psychotic subject. Our thesis will help us to link the limits of the delusional construction with the impossibility for delusional schizophrenic subjects to repress their surging fantasy. We will make the assumption that the evolution incurred by the delusional reality is a consequence of not taking the name. By considering these elements of psychopathology, we will examine the conditions of a therapy suitable for this psychotic problematic
Peretti, François-Xavier de. "Certitude, évidence et vérité chez Descartes : La question du fondement cartésien de la connaissance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3005/document.
Full textOne of the dominant interpretations of Descartes' philosophy consists in considering that God assures a perfect conformity between the order of reasons and the order of things, in such a way that our ideas can be regarded in accordance with the reality such as it is out of our thought. We suggest that Descartes has never hoped that God could play this part in his theory of knowledge and that he has no more claim that we would be certain of having adequate ideas according to the reality as it is out of our thought. In this aim, we argue that the importance conceded by Descartes in favour of the deceiving God argument is widely over-valued by the scholars, and that it is used only to justify, by repercussion, the part that the veracity of God doesn't play in Descartes' first philosophy. We defend the thesis from which the foundation of the truth in Descartes' philosophy is, in the final analysis, built on the "ego cogitans" in such a way that the truth, for the human mind, is not what the mind has to conform to, but what is necessary conformed to our mind. Consequently, we suggest that the ego, in Descartes' first philosophy, plays, in absence, the role too frequently awarded to God by the scholars
Gérard, Fabien. "La certitude et de doute: recherche du mystère et quête identitaire dans le cinéma de Bernardo Bertolucci." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211352.
Full textBaillie, Jean-Christophe. "Apprentissage et reconnaissance qualitative d'actions dans des séquences vidéo." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066533.
Full textGhio, Giorgio. "La deliberazione vitale come origine ultima della certezza applicata a Dio : indagine sugli elementi d'ignoranza presenti nella certezza /." Roma : Ed. Pontificia università Gregoriana, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410486450.
Full textCally, Jean Romain. "La certitude des consommateurs : concept et analyse des effets dans le cas de la nationalité de la marque." Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0029/document.
Full textTo communicate effectively, marketers need to know the process according to which consumers perceive and choose brands. Within these processes, consumer certainty plays an important role, particularly in the determinacy of product items. In this thesis, this role is analyzed through a variable that globalization contributes both to distort and amplify: brand's nationality. Data analysis and statistics indicates: The « mediating » effect of attitude toward the brand, which indicates "how" the country's image and certainty can influence consumer purchase intentions, The « moderating » effect of certainty of belief, which indicates "When" consumers can use an image of the « country of origin » in a decision process. Managerial and theoretical implications are discussed, so that managers can monitor the nationality associated with their brands and avoid negative effects for the company
Callet, Clovis. "Le sérieux et le manifeste en droit judiciaire privé : contribution à une étude de la certitude en droit." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1084/document.
Full textAn increasing number of statutes relies on the concepts of serious argument and obvious evaluation for their application. Yet no satisfying definition of these concepts has still been found. For if it is usually assumed that these concepts depend on the obviousness of the Law and of the disputed facts, a careful examination of the case law shows well enough that this view is false : one often judges an evaluation obvious only after having demonstrated its truth through a complex argumentation and a long reasoning.Thus, the thesis argues that the concepts refer not to the obviousness of the Law and the disputed events but to the certainty of these. Here the Law refers to a question of jurisprudence : is the case easy or hard ? This new definition leads to the discussion of skepticism regarding the Law. Once a definition that fits the case law has been built, it is necessary to identify the reasons, both legal and pratical, for the use of the concepts in procedural law.From this it becomes possible to a build critical look on the statutes that use the concepts of serious argument and obvious evaluation for their application : is this use justified or should the statutes be changed ? It will also be possible to consider that the appplication of statutes that do not refer to these concepts actually depends on them, or at least should depend on them
Boulé, Serge. "Autoévaluation des connaissances partielles chez l’élève et mesure des manifestations métacognitives liées à son réalisme." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31179.
Full textPalermo, Angela Giovanna. "Logique juridique et logique probabiliste à l'époque moderne." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1027/document.
Full textWhen I started to study the relationship between legal logic and probabilistic logic, I immediately realized that this relationship could not really be understood without investigating more specifically the link logic-rhetoric included in it. A long philosophical tradition has accustomed us to consider the legal logic as essentially tied to the rhetoric and the latter as completely detached from the logic.With the word "rhetoric" we usually refers to the '"art of speaking well." But ρητορική τέχνη (retoriké tekne) that arises in the fifth century BC on empirical grounds of the art court has, from its birth, a practical purpose : it wants to be an instrument of persuasion, and the medium he uses is the εικός (eikόs), the plausible. One of the foundations of Greek logic is thus to be found on the empirical grounds of judicial logic. But even if the rhetoric was born with practical and not theoretical purposes, however, this fact requires a study of argumentation theory and its evidence, apart from the prejudice that, even if logic and rhetoric are both related to the argument, the logic should deal with the correct arguments while rhetoric deals with only persuasive arguments.Through historical and logical analysis drawn from Aristotle and which comes to consider the positions of prominent contemporary scholars such as Giuliani, Taruffo, Capozzi, Cellucci, Spranzi, etc., in this article I will show that, instead, logic and rhetoric have a strong bond which should be rethought so as to better understand the essence of legal logic, but also because the break of dualism logical-rhetoric can open much wider perspectives of reflection. Particularly I refer to the reflection of logical and moral relationship that, in turn, would lead us to reflect on the opposition between mind and body. In fact, when we turn a look at the history of logic, we will realize that, since ancient times, there were no sharp and radicals divisions between logical and rhetorical field and that, even in modern times, it is possible to draw a line of continuity between the field of rigorous proof and the field of demonstration of rhetoric, thanks to the recognizable theoretical role of metaphor
Mailliez, Mélody. "Interaction des influences émotionnelles incidentes et intégrées dans la prise séquentielle de décisions : rôle de l'évaluation cognitive de certitude." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS050.
Full textEstablished in 2015, the Emotion Imbued Choice (EIC; Lerner et al., 2015) explains how emotions influence decision making. According to this model, incidental emotions (not related to the decision) associated with a high degree of certainty would trigger a heuristic information processing (Tiedens & Linton, 2001). In contrast, incidental emotions associated with a high level of uncertainty would trigger a deliberative information processing. This would explain the difference in performance on decision-making task.The influence of incidental emotions has been studied in one-shot decision and sequential decision making (i.e., sequence of decisions). While the EIC provides a clear and powerful framework for one-shot decision, its predictions are less explicit for sequential decision making. The particularity of this type of decision is that each decision is followed by a feedback (gain or loss) with an emotional cue (positive vs. negative). This integral source (related to the decision) of emotional influence can modify the subsequent decisions. Researchers have observed that the initiation of a heuristic processing leads participants to make more advantageous decisions than the initiation of a deliberative ones (Bagneux et al., 2012; Bagneux et al., 2013; Bollon & Bagneux, 2013). However, the impact of the processing of the emotional cue associated with feedbacks in obtaining this pattern of result has not yet been directly confirmed.Our objective was to identify how incidental emotions, based on their degree of certainty, modulate sequential decision making. Through a series of seven experiments, we have shown how incidental emotions interact with integral influence of feedbacks. Only the initiation of a heuristic processing leads participants to modulate their decisions according to the type of feedbacks received (positive vs. negative). These results concern both risky and ambiguous sequential decision making. The modulation of decision making has been highlighted, in a classic way, when inducing incidental negative emotions and, in a more original way, when inducing incidental positive emotions. The analysis of the results and the literature reveal difficulties in terms of the reliability of the measurement of the degree of certainty. A series of six other studies, in the general methodology of scale construction, investigated the origin of these difficulties. We have shown that these difficulties are the double consequence of an incomplete definition and an imperfect operationalization of the certainty appraisal dimension. From a theoretical level, we propose that all of our results support the need to extend the EIC to sequential decision making. From a methodological level, our results justify the interest of developing a new tool to measure the degree of certainty
Serres, Étienne Renaud Auguste. "Essai sur la certitude et l'incertitude de la médecine thèse présentée et soutenue à la Faculté de médecine de Paris le 1er juin 1810 /." Paris : BIUM, 2003. http://www.bium.univ-paris5.fr/histmed/medica/cote?TPAR1810x034.
Full textLemay, Dominique. "Temps de latence aux items du test de personnalité PER : relation avec le niveau de certitude dans la formulation des réponses." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0003/MQ44672.pdf.
Full textMellouli, Nedra. "Raisonnement abductif flou : théorie et pratique." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066558.
Full textSomda, Laurent Saâtieme. "La conscience du Juge : Étude comparée de la certitude morale en droit canonique et de l'intime conviction du juge en droit pénal français." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS097.
Full textIn the exercise of his office, the judge is constantly struggling with the law and his conscience. This reality is not peculiar to our time. It is a constant in judicial history. According to the times in history, the judge's conscience has not always occupied the same place. This oscillation of the place of consciousness in the act of judging shows both a concern for justice and an ethical concern. Despite the attempts of positivist and law-centrist doctrines to mitigate or even dispel the question of the judge's consciousness of the judicial sphere; it remains intact, even more so today with the increasing complexity of certain cases. The ‘righteous’ and the ‘conscientious’ are a viscerally linked couple but unfortunately it is a couple in "difficulty", where the law does not always triumph and where the conscience does not always have good press with regard to the subjective dimension which characterizes it and to which it is very often reduced. If this question has so far been the subject of an abundant literature in both French and Canon law, I believe that it has been essentially approached either from the angle of secular law or exclusively Canon law. To our knowledge, no comparative study has been made on this subject. Hence the interest of our study. We therefore propose in this investigation a comparative study of the judge's conscience in both French criminal law and Canon law through respectively the concepts of ‘intimate conviction’ and ‘moral certainty’. In French criminal law, judges and jurors, in accordance with art. 353 CPP must judge by referring to their intimate conviction whereas in the Canon law the judge cannot; whatever the litigation pronounce in his sentence that after having acquired according to c. 1608, CIC/83 "moral certainty" about the truth of the facts. "Intimate conviction" in French law and "moral certainty" in Canon law are two forms of manifestation of the judge's conscience. We therefore wonder whether "moral certainty" is in canon law what the "conviction" is in French criminal law. Through this comparative study we wish to subtract the judgment according to the consciousness of the caricatures of which it is the object, and to highlight the complexity of the office of the judge. At the heart of the debate about the conscience of the judge is the entire office of the judge that is at stake. Judging is an art that mobilizes the whole person of the judge and highlights his authority through a ritualized perspicacity and prudence. The conscience of the judge - whose manifestation is expressed under the terms of intimate conviction and moral certainty respectively in the French and canonical legal systems and whose risk of arbitrariness is so commonly apprehended by the public - is a pledge of justice and truth as much as it is subject to the test of judicial ritual. If our contemporary society rebels to the idea of consciousness – seen as an outset to the exclusively moral and subjective sphere -, our investigation aims to demonstrate that the conscience of the judge as understood in the canonical and French legislation has a precise technical meaning, which cannot be locked in any normativity
Pelletier, Carole. "Les effets de l'autocorrection sur le rendement en mathématiques, en relation avec le degré de certitude des élèves et selon deux modalités de feedback." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29211.
Full textScheffel-Dunand, Dominique. "Etude psycholinguistique et phonostylistique de la voix de la certitude dans le discours spontané oral et de la perception du phénomène par des natifs francophones et des non natifs : perspectives didactiques de l'utilisation d'outils multimédias." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO31008.
Full textMokhtari, Mostafa. "Processus décisionnel de fin de vie en réanimation néonatale : arbitrer entre le certain et l'incertain." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS431/document.
Full textThe end-of-life (EOL) decision-making process remains a particular event that confronts health care teams with their doubts and uncertainties. Indeed, for such a decision to made, there must be some doubt and uncertainty, otherwise, instead of being a conscious “decision”, it becomes a simple application of prior knowledge. EOL decisions are not simply a case of the decision-maker overcoming his or her indecisiveness. In this work, I examine the role of the doctor as an arbitrator in the conflict between the certain and the uncertain in EOL situations in the neonatal period. I have based my work on the analysis of the trajectories of six clinical observations drawn from my own experience, which illustrate, better than a long speech, the notion of the certain and the uncertain, and give these abstract concepts a concrete and practical meaning.To explore the notion of the uncertain during the decision-making process in EOL situations, is to accept to go against the dominant medical culture that values certainty, because uncertainty is negatively perceived amongst caregivers. However, doubt can have a beneficial effect on the decision-making process itself, and on the consequences of the decision taken, since it encourages discussion between caregivers and allows time for decision-making. Thus, he or she who doubts is not ignorant, but cautious in the Aristotelian sense, when trying to deliberate a choice by subjecting it to the criticism of others as part of a procedure of collegial reflection.In this work, I also show that doubt and uncertainty compel the decision-maker to confront his or her personal convictions, which constitutes ethical ethics, with his or her responsibility, which is teleological ethics. It is only in the tension between these two ethics that the caregiver can decide with peace of mind
Villetard, Gabrielle. "Traduction commentée du Kitāb Riyāḍat al-nafs wa Adab al-nafs (Du redressement de l’âme et De l’éducation de l’âme) d’al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī (m. vers 300/910)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP039/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes the translation of and commentary on the Riyāḍa and the Adab al-nafs of al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmidhī, a Khorasanian Sunni mystic from the 9th and 10th centuries of the Common Era, known for the impact that his Kitāb khatm al-awliyā' had on posterior thought, that of Ibn 'Arabī (638/1240) in particular. These are two fundamental textbooks of spiritual anthropology that testify to an ancient Islamic philosophical mysticism assimilating elements of Neoplatonic thought and Eastern religious traditions such as Manichaeism and Buddhism. The systematization of the concept of holiness (walāya) characterizes this thought that could be described as theosophical: in the Riyāḍa and the Adab are thus exposed the rules of the education of the ego in order to restore the ascendancy of the heart on the latter, transforming the believer into a saint (walī). Tirmidhī's ethic is similar to the Buddhist principle that seemingly identical acts come either from selfless motivation or from a selfish motivation. The heart, the cognitive organ and the organ of action, produces acts in accordance with the knowledge of the Law and divine attributes, while the soul appropriates acts to satisfy its selfish passion. The anthropology of the sage of Termez has a cosmological dimension, also characteristic of mystical theosophy: the saint, freed from the ego, sees appearing in his heart the divine order governing the worlds and thus becomes a lieutenant of God, the instrument of a divine manifestation which establishes within the community of believers and in the world the order of Oneness (tawḥīd) and Law that the cult of the ego transgresses and corrupts. The characteristics of the saint in Tirmidhī - his theophanic knowledge and power - have obvious correspondences with those attributed to the imam in Shi'ism
Gmar, Imen. "Éthique et poétique de l’évolution dans l’oeuvre de Philippe Jaccottet." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF20019.
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Letailleur, Alain. "Figurations du réel : l'exemple musical : Appuis mentaux, visées, saisies et reprojections dans l'architecture cognitive." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0173.
Full textThe way musicians identify notes has always been a fascinating subject. In order to understand this competence of theirs, we have opted to interview professional and learner musicians so as to analyse the mental methods they use to fulfil this task. A detailed description of the faintest mental processes involved in so doing opens on a bewildering world which exposes an organisation of many low level actions as adapted to their functions as they are subtle. These fragments of thoughts - which we have called mental anchor points - can be described, are varied in their ways of surfacing and can engage in diverse mission types. When subjected to closer scrutiny, we can imagine that these highly specialised mechanisms fall within the sphere of general functional principles which seem to be active at every moment of our lives, for whichever operation we try to perform: calculating, taking part in sports activities, cooking or simply thinking. This is what the second part of this study first tries to show, before disclosing a strange system of issues concerning interactive relations between perceptions and representations. Many testimonies mention situations in which mental anchor points play a prominent part in our perceptive behaviour. The confrontation of these two universes, thanks to the use of what we have called mental reprojections, makes it possible for us to examine the machinery at stake in our cognitive constructions and to analyse the consequences they imply concerning our comprehension of the real world
Rouxel, Françoise. "Des certitudes et de l'imprévisible en urbanisme : l'habitat provisoire à Brest, 1945-1975." Grenoble 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE21056.
Full textTemporary housing estates were built in brest shortly after the town was liberated in 1945. Accomodating more than 20. 000 inhabitants in 1957. They remained as such till 1975 when the last estate was demolished. Investigations made on the history of these temporary housing estates give the matter to the present research. We will focus on the relationship between the inhabitants and the authorities. The existence of the temporary housing estates had been closely related to the successive political choices made since 1945 in terme of town planning. It proves the dissonance between the inhabitants'way of leaving versus the logic shown as well as the actions carried out by the authorities. The inhabitants had invented a new social comfort in the barrak estates. The authorities tried to re-build a socail space in town by making a division between categories of inhabitants according to criteria based on the process of standardization. The analysis of the barrak estates'evolution emphasizes phases of order and disorder. These phases were a consequence of quite a few divergences and discrepancies between the inhabitants and the authorities. Their relationship could be desribed as suffering from a distortion phenomenon. This"distorted" relationship seems to be the result of a lack in communication between the inhabitants and the autorhities. It can also be due to the interactions mainly operating through paradoxes. The vision of the history of the temporary housing estates makes objection to quite a number
Jouve, Guillaume. "Imprévus et pièges des cordes vibrantes chez D'Alembert (1755-1783) : doutes et certitudes sur les équations aux dérivées partielles, les séries et les fonctions." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00380952.
Full textJouve, Guillaume Crépel Pierre. "Imprévus et pièges des cordes vibrantes chez D'Alembert (1755-1783) doutes et certitudes sur les équations aux dérivées partielles, les séries et les fonctions /." [s.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/38/09/52/PDF/These-GJouve-T1-juil07.pdf.
Full textDIODATI, FREDERIQUE. "Victor hugo et la critique des maitres en certitudes l'ane, pivot d'une reflexion sur la transmission des savoirs (1802-1881)." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30015.
Full textValdivia, Fuenzalida José Antonio. "La démonstration selon Thomas d’Aquin. Une étude sur la réception des Seconds Analytiques au XIIIème siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL004.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to reconstruct the set of theoretical questionings supposed by the authors who participate in Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century. Considering that the doctrine contained in this Aristotle’s work is difficult to interpret in a systematical approach is inevitable that its progressive reception would have been guided by metaphysics and epistemological questionings, partially shared by these authors. The present research is an attempt to track down these questionings, with the objective of proposing a systematic reconstruction of the theory contained in the commentaries of the Posterior Analytics during that period. This systematic reconstruction offers a unified vision of the aspects assessed in this investigation. This due to the identification of a general question which would determine the orientation of specific ones. Thomas Aquinas is the author about whom most of the analyses are focused. But always considering the aim of comprehending questions which guide all this tradition of comments, two other comments have been studied: Robert Grosseteste and Alberto the Great. The thesis proposed is that the Posterior Analytics’ reception during the 13th century, reflects an attempt to answer the following question: which characteristics must a perfect knowledge possess? In accordance with this thesis, the doctrines developed in commentaries regarding this Aristotle’s work did not seek to propose a method of true knowledge of reality. The properties of a demonstration, regarding its shape and content of the propositions that compose it, would describe an ideal of perfect knowledge
Quistrebert, Yohann. "Pour un statut fondateur de la victime psychologique en droit de la responsabilité civile." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1G001.
Full textThe psychological impact of the events, which are the source of responsibility, be they acts of terrorism, loss of a loved one, psychological harassment, is specific to characteristics both protean and invisible. The first among them is due to the fact that in psychological matter injuries and the resulting suffering are both varied. As such, from the injury point of view, certain events will prove to be more traumatizing than others. Principally those during which the subject has been faced with his own death. Concerning suffering, a subject can as well emotionally suffer a change in his own integrity – for example the physical one with a diagnosis of a serious illness – that of a sort damage which affects that of a loved one (e.g. death or handicap). Then, the impact is considered invisible. It appears much more simple indeed, to identify harm to physical integrity as a harm to psychic integrity. More so, certain psychological harms are totally imperceptible by reason of their eminently diffuse characteristic. The object of this demonstration is therefore to know how civil liability law will comprehend the victim of such a psychological impact. Its comprehension will be particular given the inevitable interaction between the judicial and psychological spheres.In order to better understand this, we will first propose a conceptualization of the psychological victim that blends into psychopathological reality. Two major distinctions feed this thought. One is legal nature, which relates to the distinction between prejudice and harm. The other is psychopathological in nature which opposes emotional shock and psychic trauma. Their intertwining allows us to elaborate different cases of manifestation of psychological suffering and define the contours of the qualities of the victim. Secondly, regarding compensation for a psychological victim, both the appreciation and the evaluation of these prejudices will be examined. The repercussions of psychic trauma, or even emotional shock can sometimes be so grave that compensation cannot restrict itself only to the experienced suffering. Consequences of different natures, for example patrimonial ones, must be taken into consideration. To this end, a division of the prejudices of the psychological victim should be put in place. Distinct rules of compensation will be established based on the prejudice endured. A prejudice presumed, originating notably from a harm, cannot logically be compensated in the same fashion as non-presumable prejudices that require a forensic assessment. In short, the system of compensation must be in phase with the system of disclosure of suffering that has been previously established. As a result, this study proposes to construct a true founding status of a psychological victim. Once this principal notion has been completely conceptualized, we can use it to create a rational compensation scheme
Nizigama, Isaac. "La dialectique pluralisme religieux/incertitude religieuse dans la pensée de Peter L. Berger : analyse conceptuelle et essai critique." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6050.
Full textThe dialectic religious pluralism/religious uncertainty, with which deals this dissertation, reveals itself as a major theme in Peter L. Berger’s thought, in sociology of religion and in protestant theology. A systematic and detailed analysis of the key concepts which constitute that dialectic leads to the question of the relationship between sociology and theology, which has been confronted by Berger himself. It is at the time Berger studied that question from the point of view of the idea of the protestant principle, during the late sixties, that he solved it by a kind of ‘wedding’ between his approach in the sociology of knowledge and his liberal theological approach. Concepts as ‘inductive faith and theology’, ‘middle position between fundamentalism and relativism’, seem to emerge both from that dialectic and from that ‘wedding’. Nevertheless, while that dialectic can be retraced in Berger’s thought since his earlier works, the defence of a theological via media applied to all religions, appears to be the consequence of his rejection (since 1967), of his earlier theological stance deployed from the neo-orthodox approach. In that stance, the bergerian dialectic was applied to all religions but not to the Christian faith, thought in terms of certainty. But, a critical analysis of Berger’s thought allows one to identify some problems at least at three levels: the level of his concept of religion which evidentiates an ambiguity ; the level of the relationship between sociology and theology which reveals a liberal bias and a lack of specific religious content for the protestant principle; and finally, the level of his critique of the contemporary religious certainty impulses; a critique whose base on his dialectic can be questioned by some examples of different conceptions of religion and of religious certainty. About those three levels, the example of the conception of religious certainty by the Evangelical Protestants allows at least a draft of that questioning. It deploys a supernatural conception of the religious certainty, especially by the notion of « assurance of salvation », based on strong adherence and confidence in the traditional contents of the Christian faith. While the arguments of that conception can be subjected to questions, they seem enough relevant since the contemporary vitality of religion at the pluralistic era (cf. Evangelical Protestantism in U.S.A for example) constitutes an indication that the empirical validity of the bergerian dialectic, and of the critique based on it, is largely problematic if one takes into account the self-understanding of the religious groups themselves.