Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et la morale'
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YANG, MYUNGSU. "Le fondement de la morale et l'utopisme de la technique ( morale ideologique et morale utopique )." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR20003.
Full textThe utopia is an ethic, the ethic is an utopia. The foundation of the morality is bound up with utopia. That is clear in the biblical tradition. Firstly the christian personalism. The morality is to be found in the response to the other person, or to the call of christ who integrate all of others. Here, the system of values founded on the universal principle is not possible. That is the prime moment of the life previous to the identity of the transcendental "for me", the anarchical moment far from any arche : l'u-topia (u-topos). Then, the tradition of the damythologization. The demythologization is the descralizeation on the nature and the history. Neither arche, nor telos, god invite us to the new world. Neither jew, nor greek, the chistian identity destroies the sacral and ontological identity ; she goes against superstitions of the place. It is here that the man is the condition of god. The hope of the man is the humain. To this spirit of demuthologization joint the technique. Beyond the soteriological horzon, the technique humanize the man because of the eschatological conjunction of "otherly than to be" (novum) and the eschatic referent (eschaton)
Billier, Jean-Cassien. "Libéralisme et rationalité morale." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040116.
Full textMoral liberalism, which is intimately linked to political liberalism, consists in trying to define the principles of a minimal public morality which makes moral disagreements on conceptions of Good possible. The only way it can have any meaning is by being radically anti-perfectionist, that is, by refusing to contain in itself the least element akin to any conception of Good. The former foundations of liberalism based on the concepts of autonomy and individualism have therefore become inappropriate in justifying the ideal moral neutrality of the public sphere. Neither autonomy nor individualism belong to the uncontroversial values sought after by contemporary anti-perfectionist liberals. The justification and application of the two fundamental principles of anti-perfectionist liberalism, that of to do no harm to others and that of equal respect for each human being, depend, on the one hand, on our moral beliefs being rooted in the liberal and democratic political culture that has developed over the past two centuries and, on the other, on the recognition of the heterogeneity of the sources of our moral deliberations which are completely fallible as soon as they abandon their fucntion of founding those same principles through the understanding internal to the liberal community. Anti-perfectionist moral liberalism is thus opposed to all moral relativism while, at the same time, rejecting the idea that an absolute and infallible moral principle capable of solving all our moral dilemmas could be discovered. All it has to offer is a public morality which does not seek to answer all the questionings which haunt our personal moral experience
Chareire, Isabelle. "Ethique et théologalité." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO31008.
Full textThe starting point of this work is the nietzschean criticism of christianity in the sense that it has degenerated into moral doctrine. This work shows that this criticism is relevant as regards some historical achievements of christianity but not as regards the fundemental nature of christianity (ch. I). The christian god is not the god of morality : the old testament and the new testament attest that the love of the christian god is of a free, spontaneous, disinterested nature (ch. Ii and iii). This thesis comes within the framework of teleological ethics : it brings out the main ideas of the aristotelean ethics and analyses the link made by p. Ricoeur, in "soi-meme comme un autre", between deontological and teleological dimensions. Thomas d'aquin is a means to introduce the theological dimensions of ethics (ch. Iv, v, vi). The third part uses the concepts developed by p. Ricoeur so as to link together the moral, ethical and theological dimensions. The golden rule is a determining element which enables to understand the link between law and human wish (ch. Vii). The reevaluation of heteronomy by p. Ricoeur allows to conceive grace; then notions of attestation conviction, imputability, responsibility and recognition enable to seize the identity of the christian ethical subject (ch. Viii). In chapter 9, ethics is thought of in terms of a dialectical movement between acting and the desire of being : this dialectic opens onto ontological and eschatological dimensions. The whole work is an analysis on philosophical and theological approaches
Gaziaux, Éric. "Morale de la foi et morale autonome : confrontation entre P. Delhaye et J. Fuchs /." Louvain : [Paris] : Leuven University press : Peeters ; Peeters France, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36162641b.
Full textBibliogr. p. 523-540. Index.
Bayet, Albert Isambert François-André. "Le suicide et la morale /." Paris : l'Harmattan, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41106107x.
Full textSaïd, Jaleleddine. "Morale et éthique chez Spinoza /." Tunis : Université de Tunis I, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35770766k.
Full textPézieu, Gérard. "Garde nationale, morale et intégration." Reims, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1995REIML010.
Full textMangiarotti, Marco. "Responsabilité, fortune morale et causalité physique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040046.
Full textMy thesis develops the problem of the compatibility between moral responsibility and the physical causation of human decisions. This problem is dealt with the supposed relevance of two different conditions of responsibility: the power to choose otherwise and the control over the source of behaviour. The alternative-possibilities condition is examined by reference to the Frankfurt-type examples, while the source-condition is supported by the manipulation examples. My analysis rejects both of those argumentations. The examination of P.F. Strawson’s and J. Feinberg’s works show, in my opinion, that it is impossible to define the conditions of responsibility without embracing some sort of normative ethical theory. So I came to analyse the notion of moral obligation and finally I propose a contractualist approach, based on the works by T.M. Scanlon
Beys, Kostas E. Vogin Fabienne. "Le problème du droit et des valeurs morales : l'aventure humaine, entre le bien et le mal /." Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391898224.
Full textKim, Hyangmi. "La morale baudelairienne." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040137.
Full textTo study Baudelaire’s morals is to represent the personal morals of Baudelaire through his sentiments, his poetic and "philosophic" ideas. Baudelaire possesses an indomitable volition to live in the ideal universe. "The taste for the infinity", the spontaneous sentiment for the beauty push him to surmount the adverse circumstances of his life; this instinct of "pass over" contain a germ which can be transformed into the light, a factor of the moral beauty. In short, the substance of Baudelaire’s life is translated by the duty that the exceptional spirit in the quotidian world must perform, in other words, by the devotion for the humanity, namely, by the art. The principal idea of Baudelaire' morals, which is expressed by the charity, by the brotherliness, is neither preachified, nor pedantic by the didactic tone, but "the inspired morals which is imbibed, invisible, in the poetic material"
Ben, Zaied Inès. "Morale individuelle et morale collective d’après les nouvelles françaises du XVIe siècle." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUEL032.
Full textIn the Renaissance, short fiction is defined by fictional narratives inspired from reality and claiming to be truthful. These are often narratives staging different social groups and representing all human types. In my analysis of a number of collected sixteenth-century novellas, I noted that great emphasis was laid on social structures (couple, family, social group, location) that represent the basic framework of communal life. However, these works, which at first sight seem pregnant with ideological implications, often stage characters that, for various reasons and at different levels, are made to choose particular paths. Thus, all the debates and polemics raised in these narratives relate to two kinds of morality, one individual and the other communal. The objective of this study is therefore to look into the different representations, and determine the interference, of these two moralities in the novella genre. Scrutiny of the different social, religious, political and cultural codes enabled me to establish the existence of this interference and its impact on the fabric of literary texts. In depicting life in sixteenth-century France, the story-tellers developed a new way of viewing men in their relation to society and the world. As a result, they were able to invent a new morality, thus changing the very perception of the individual
Lapierre, Bernard. "Le développement du jugement moral et sa praxis." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2000.
Find full textDarmaisin, Stéphane. "Le contrat moral (contribution à l'étude de la règle morale dans les obligations civiles)." Paris 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA020038.
Full textZanetto, Éric. "Études sur les dimensions morale et religieuse de l'inconscient." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1PH03.
Full textHow to advance the work of psycho-analysis? The matter that psychoanalysis has discovered, desires, fears, and all the impressions that come from childhood, is taken in forms of moral and religious nature that we can study further. To achieve the process of recovery, the individual must elaborate on his own concept of morals so as not to submit to the morals of the super-ego. Additionally he must elaborate on his own concept of religion and transcendency so as not to remain in the pseudo religion of neurosis, that recalls the rituals and beliefs of the animist spirit. He must walk again on the path leading from animism to monotheism and further, searching for the idea of a true spirituality. He may then ask himself whether morals and religion are natural forms of consciousness, and whether one conditions the other
Cossette, Patrick. "Psychologie et philosophie morale de Skinner." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2002. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2241170R.html.
Full textChebel, d'Appollonia Ariane. "Morale et politique chez Raymond Aron." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0027.
Full textThe relation between ethics and politics constitutes one of the major issues of Raymond Aron's thought. Its study permits to understand better the relations in his work between philosophy of history, theory of politics and sociology, and to perceive the nature and the scope of the commitment of the "spectateur engagé". After an analysis of the biography and auto-biography of R. Aron, a presentation of the work reveals the importance given to the classic antinomy between moral values and political values, and the attachment of R. Aron to the "politics of understanding". Influenced by Max Weber, R. Aron takes up the opposition between ethics of responsibility and ethics of conviction in his analysis of politics as well as in the elaboration of the politico-moral rules of the political commentator. But the revaluation of the personality of R. Aron, especially in its links to judaism, to the left-wing and to moralists, of his methodology and praxis shows that R. Aron has tried to overcome this classic antinomy with the help of the idea of reason. A regulator ideal of historical knowledge and of theorisation of politics, this idea of reason tends to become a moral ideal which founds an ethics. This ethics is the crowning achievement of his work and has influenced his stands
Saltel, Philippe. "Sentiments et vie morale : la haine." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010687.
Full textHate is commonly regarded as the very worst passion ; it may therefore be significative to test a new understanding of affectivity on this instance. The two related versions of hate seem to be compounded of a (negative) desire, a (rash) judgment, a (pleasant) affect. From this analysis, we assume the hypothesis that this "evil passion" repeats inopportunely a first and vital disjunction. Consequently, it has a very ancient origin and a meaning which may become a positive one, if we are able to submit ourselves to its truth. So we must define an adjusted form of it, a cautious, understanding and courageous "hatred of hate" (that is, of itself). We have studied some illustrations of it in morals and politics and concluded that such a passion may be refined into a sound emotion, which, like others of a same kind, takes part in the construction of ethical knowledge and in the moral improvement of the self
Adda, Pierre. "Morale et politique chez Bernard Lamy." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA04A048.
Full textMonneron, François de. "Le déterminisme et la responsabilité morale." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3022.
Full textIs determinism compatible with moral responsibility ? Compatibilism answers “yes”. But such a thesis entails a series of problems. It requires the falsity of two very intuitive principles : the principle of alternative possibilities, i. E. The assertion that one is responsible for what they do only if they have the power not to do it ; and the principle of the transfer of non-responsibility (“if no one is responsible for X and if X causes Y deterministically, no one is responsible for Y”). Assuming that there are counterexamples to these principles, responsibility by omission is hardly understandable without the idea of a power of alternatives. Consequently, compatibilism must attach importance to the power of alternatives. In order to do it without contradiction, compatibilism must define this power either on a conditional mode (“S can do A” would mean “S does A if S want to do A”), or in terms of possible worlds. The first analysis is a particular case of the latter, since it amounts to say that S can do A if there are possible worlds where S do A voluntarily. To prevent such a criterion from being too flexible, one must specify that the possible words pertinent to moral responsibility must be sufficiently similar to the actual world. But how to define the domain of the pertinent possible worlds ? It seems impossible to solve this problem satisfactorily from a compatibilist point of view. In fact, this thesis seems plausible only if libertarianism is even less intuitive. The main question, for libertarianism, will be how physical indeterminism (inside the brain) ensures moral responsibility instead of undermining it
Euvrard, Jean-Louis. "Philosophie et marché chez Adam Smith : morale de l'économie, économie de la morale." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3013.
Full textAdam smith has all too frequently been made the founder of politiqual economy, in a hidden kind of way since he considered his moral work (theory of moral sentiments) as more important than the wealth of nations and since the economy is, for him, always grounded in moral philosophy. In realty, he only became an "economist" for philosophical reasons. There is an evolving process of the transformation from philosophy to economics : the enigma of the self regulating market is finally resolved, the solution is finally found in wich the fundamental problem of a long term social link is optimal. All economic theses are based on a paricular philosophical hermeneutic of the market. In order to demonstrate this thesis, it is intended to uncover the virtues of the self regulationg market, taking as the guideline the ever espace present concept of nature in the wealth of nations. The "commercial society" is the historical manifestation of human nature, with de smith's version of natural law. It embodies the emergence of a system of "natural" economic laws (in the sense of a mechanism tending toward an unintentional state wich reveals itself unconciously orientated towards the public good). But the analysis of wealth of nations seem to contradict the results of the moral philosophy. Hence the "adam smith problem". An examination of the theory of moral sentiments shows that two models exist: one wich links the moral to the social, by fully developing natural morality; and the other by withdrawal. The weath of nations is only the "becoming" part of this withdrawal, a minimal articulation of the order of moral coexistence and the economic order. A realistic solution is one of the lesser evil, which brings about the apparently denied moral ends by other means. It is here that lies the philosophical dignity of the market as the semi dialectic inheritance of natural morality
Sastre, Peggy. "Généalogies de la morale : perspectives nietzschéenne et darwinienne sur l'origine des comportements et des sentiments moraux." Thesis, Reims, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REIML009/document.
Full textNietzsche as Darwin are considering morality in an evolutionary way, as the legacy of various, impermanent and successive layers. Nietzsche as Darwin take a new look at an earlier tradition, one philosophical for the former, one biological and naturalist for the latter. Both evoke morals, indeed as a set of rules and prohibitions structuring a society, but morals as relative, determined by contexts, environments, extra-moral physiologies. The philosopher, like the scientist, whoare themselves enrolled in history and evolution which is yet incomplete, burst standards and old moral categories, whether metaphysical, revealed, eternal, fixed and final. And both, observing, explaining and criticizing the morality, are questionning its margins and its limits, beyond science and philosophy: what does the individual to the herd, what is the man for his species?
Jebahi, Nejia. "Montesquieu et le monde romain : étude politique et morale." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC004/document.
Full textDuring its long history, Rome has subjugated numerous peoples. Its territory increased so much that it became the center of gravity of the whole antique world. The extraordinary expansion of that city has therefore always surprised the thinkers. Understandably Montesquieu, a French philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment, has himself studied the Roman world and its development in a number of his works. In order to explain the reasons behind the magnificence and the decadence of the Romans, Montesquieu examined the evolution of Roman politics and ethics from the foundation of the Vrbs until to its decline. The author carefully analyses the Roman civil and military institutions in order to establish their excellence and even to point out their limits. In his sociological and critical approach, this writer uses a rich literature that reveals the influence of Machiavel and Bossuet. Nevertheless from his work emerges an innovative standpoint that opens up for original fields of investigation
Stachura, Katarzyna. "Cioran : ambiguïté et inachèvement : approche psychologique, morale et esthétique." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0021.
Full textCioran's name is associated with a pessimistic way of thinking and the perfection of style. The beauty and elegance revealed in the way Cioran uses the French language cannot be denied. What, however, can be questioned is the blackness/darkness supposed to characterise his philosophical thinking. It is true that the most widely known - being most frequently cited - aphorisms of the author of the Drawn and Quartared are about nothingness, suicide, the shadowy side of human existence. Yct, when we start reading Cioran without having presumed anything and without narrowing ourselves down to his most renowned quotations we will discover a great ambivalence in his works. The nihilistic Cioran will enter then the anthologies of joy, of nostalgia for the Paradise Lest, of ordinary love showing itself in his anecdotes, humour, opcnness to spot every little sign of life. Thus, this thesis has three objectives in view. Lt should reveal the multiple ambivalence in Cioran's writings. It is supposed to unmask the intended ambiguity of an iconoclast whose constant provoking and exaggerating cover an unusual tenderness and compassion for the human being. Finally, the thesis aims at emphasising the energetic side of Cioran's philosophical thinking and showing that the last word of the " Pessimist" is not in Negation
Desmery, Kéren. "Les perspectives d'un enseignement moral et civique : éducation à la liberté responsable ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB130.
Full textThis thesis examines the outlook for moral and civic education: the announcement of a teaching of secular ethics in a secular moral education and moral and civic education, programs of editorial projects have undergone several mutations both in terms of form, that regarding the content itself and deserve more attention than special. If the implementation of this public policy has hardly done without "ambush" the question is to ask one hand on the contributions of this moral and civic education which replaces the old "triple cord" that was civics, civic education, and legal and social civic education, and also to question the real dimension of this teaching: can he like his grandfather; "Secular morality" under Jules Ferry, lie somehow in his parentage and education in responsible freedom, while adapting to today's society?
Halais, Emmanuel. "Éthique et expression : langage, métaphysique et individualité chez Wittgenstein et dans la philosophie morale anglaise." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0013.
Full textOrthous, Marie-Hélène. "L'éducation physique entre morale et psychologie, 1750-1935." Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21211.
Full textFrom the middle of the 18 th century to the first third of the 20 th century, a psychological mission was assigned to body exercises : to favour intellectual learnings and to develop upon children the moral values imposed by the era. This educational mission, whose method depended on successively practiced drills, was based on the theoretical patterns which explained both the mechanisms of the body and psychic agencies. In the 18 th century, combining the patterns of humoral medicines, solidism and sensualism, physical exercises worked in hardening both body and mind as well as enticing sensorial realms. From the 1820s, newer perspectives started to be spread and among them the sensibility-irritation dialectic. At that period, the psychic effect of gymnastics used to be a matter of cerebral consistency and of the energy issued from it. After 1870, the knowledge of the brain being organized into a hierarchy, underlined the theories of the raising of moral standards through drills. From this moment, it became necessary to produce some will so as to refrain both instincts and imagination to solicit through movements the superior cerebral functions in order to improve intellectual machanisms
Zani, Maria. "Stendhal et la morale de la générosité." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040101.
Full textThe “poetry” of Stendhal includes among other things the virtue of generosity. For the author of the Monastery of Parma the feeling of generosity becomes an idea before becoming an ekphrasis of life and whatever gives merit to existence. Generosity is found in every act and sensation that render the beauty of the soul palpable. The feeling of generosity is expressed through the values of existence such as love, heroism, magnanimity, sacrifice and forgiveness. Furthermore, “Stendhal” generosity extends to the notion of glory. In the quest of “excellence” Stendhal reveals his aesthetic based on the emotion which leads to grace and sublime sentiment
Eksen, Kerem. "La faute tragique et la morale augustinienne." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100026.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to reconsider the notion of “tragic error” from a philosophical perspective and with special reference to the thought of Augustine. Our starting-point has been the differences between the ways in which, on the one hand the classical Greek tragedians, and on the other the critics and dramatists of seventeenth and eighteenth centuries problematized human action. While Greek tragedy was based on what we have called an “objective” notion of error (focusing mainly on the objective changes that a given action creates in the universe), the Renaissance and post-Renaissance mentality adopted a “subject-centered” standpoint and a “subjective” notion of error (laying emphasis on the conditions and qualities of the agent of an act). Augustine is the main figure of our project, since his work sheds light on the shift from an “objective” conception of error to a “subjective” one. On the basis of this idea, we presented the two major dimensions of Augustine’s ethical theory: On the one hand, we focused on the “subjective” aspects of Augustine’s theory of sin, in order to see how he defines sin on an individual basis; and on the other hand, we studied the “objective” aspects of his theory, in order to see how Augustine relates the experience of error to an “objective” condition of fallibility. We have argued that these two aspects of Augustine’s thought lie at the basis of Renaissance tragedy and that, in this sense, tragic poets like Racine and Shakespeare are post-Augustinian
Sawada, Naoyuki. "Écriture et morale : question éthique chez Sartre." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010561.
Full textThis thesis seeks to explicate the special relation between writing and morals in Sartre's works. To retrace the evolutio of the sartrean ethics, we proose, in stead of sketching his un1chieved theory, a reading of his key conceptsz, such "freedom", "knowledge", "recongnition", "understanding", "other", "self", etc. Why are moral issues and the question of writings privileged themes for sartre that is the question we attempt do answer here. Our analysis shows that the philosophical, literary and the autobiographical components from an ethical knot in sartre's works. So Sartre's analogy between morals and writing is not at all aleatory, because both themes are based on the question of communication and creation
Abed, Habiba. "La morale et la religion selon Hegel." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010567.
Full textMessager, Jean-Marc. "Condillac, une philosophie morale et politique oubliée." Montpellier 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON30091.
Full textLanguage, as a central element within Condillac system, is really understandable from the action's thematic viwpoint from wich it is possible to give back to his whole work its real unity. Through his Locke's rereading, Condillac tries to point out, as a matter of fact, that freedom depends on how we intentionally use signs to be linked to our ideas. Through analysis, the language signs are subject to desire being the origin of our faculties, to the highest faculty: the reason. Inside the individual and collective fields, moral and politics require this clear knownledge of man which, coming from the human understanding as it appears to us, could not pretend to fall into the erring ways of the old metaphysics and of the methodical mind. Exceeding the Cartesian opposition of body and soul, Condillac empiricism is going against materialism which could be a consequence. Rethinking of the body and soul's relation, Condillac shows that sensualism and spiritual nature of the soul coexist within a reflection about man without any dogmatism. From that time, Condillac's work will often be interpreted in many conflicting ways: suspected of materialism ans scarely spiritualism it will unfairly be neglected and new disciplines such as philosophy of language, of action, which it contributed to announce, will overtake it
Khateb, Hamzi. "La responsabilité morale des convertis à l’islam, entre normes islamiques et laïcité." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IEPP0032.
Full textAfter the "ṧahada" (the testimony of faith), which is the first pillar of Islam, conversion requires the new Muslim to obey the laws and rules inspired by the Qur'ân and the prophetic tradition (Sunna). It implies following a set of norms related to the religious practice that a Muslim commits himself to respect. This thesis analyzes cases of conversion, while taking into account the family and social origins of each convert. It examines the changes in the lives of these new Muslims, following their conversion. From this point of view, the question is whether, in the case of converts, such a change leads to dilemmas related to the pre-conversion respect of norms in a secular country, and whether or not these dilemmas are sustainable or intractable. These dilemmas, far from being limited to a few specific areas (such as wearing the veil, prayers, etc.), extend to the much broader field of the subject’s existence, in its complexity. This thesis also aims at clarifying the overall vision of the place of converts in is the so-called "Islam in France". However, this vision assumes that Islam is thought in association with immigration, whereas these converts are not immigrants. In order to answer these questions, this thesis addresses the question of moral responsibility according to an approach related to the sociology of morality and the sociology of religions, focusing on the respect of Islamic norms in a secular country such as France
Leroux, Serge. "L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution : de la morale naturelle à la morale républicaine (1750-1799)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010517.
Full textOur thesis consists of four sections that correspond to the different categories of intellectual history as defined by r. Darnton. In the first section, we outlined the "field" of ethics as we perceive it through the works, opinions, polemics of philosophers an moralists. We show how the christian ethic based on the revelation is gradually eroded by the idea of natural ethics, the two being mutually and reciprocally dependend. The second section analyses the ethical idea according to the opinions of the revolutionaries. The same themes are taken up again and studied in the context of the revolution in order to fully grasp the evolution and the interrelations that they imply. We demonstrate that from natural ethics to republican ethics, it is not the definition of the ethical idea that changes but rather its modalities of distribution and application. In the third section, we deal with the question of the distribution of the ethical idea in the french society through the various institutions created by the revolutionaries, while the fourth section analyses the processes of appropriation and reception of the message by the popular classes
Dhahbi, Jemel Samir. "La quête morale dans l'oeuvre de Bergson la morale humaniste et la question de l'héroïsme." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2577.
Full textZa'abe, Janvier. "Généalogie et fondements moraux des droits de l'homme." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOL009.
Full textIn order to have a full understanding of human rights one has to understand the source of their validity. Their validity does not come from judicial texts which are proposed then subject to ratification by the state; the source of their validity is situated the melting pot where moral anthropologies have been elabored, serving later as presuppositions to human rights doctrines. Today, however, we cannot find in god, in nature or even in reason, a vision of man sufficently justified to understand the humanism in human rights. Faced with this lack of pertinence of the classical justifications, we should explore new registers of validity. These new registers of validity take their starting point from the experience of human vulnerability which. While revealing the fragility of man, imposes on us at the same time the establishment of a normality making it possible to contain, within tolerable limits, the aggressivity and violence of man. If such is the raison d'etre of human rights they must not be derived, therefore, from heteronomy or autonomy but from human vulnerability
Richard, Vincent. "La responsabilité morale : un modèle aristotélicien." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43328.
Full textKoudou, Kessié Raymond. "Pratiques éducatives et développement moral : une étude psychogénétique et différentielle de l'appropriation des valeurs et de l'estime de soi chez l'enfant et l'adolescent ivoiriens de 6 à 16 ans." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20003.
Full textThis research is about the influence of educative practices of parents and teachers on the moral development of children and teenagers of Ivory Coast. These children (120), teenagers (100) and delinquents (50) have been put through four tests, especially the test of resistance to temptation and stories with moral dilemmas. About educative practices, we have come to these following results: rigidity is the characteristic of families with a low sociocultural status, flexibility these of high status families. The middle status families are inclined to flexibility. Laisser faire does not seem to characterize families of Ivory Coast. This line between rigidity and flexibility takes age and sex into account. The values' orientation is traditionalistic for parents building up their surroundings rigidly, but modernist for the others. Concerning the supple, contextual, altruistic moral orientation, that is the characteristic of teenagers from flexibly structures classes, girls and non-delinquents. The correlation between marks of behaviour in school and civic and moral instruction was confirmed very low. About social class of Ivory Coast, it is morally corrupt, what is bound to influence moral development. Lastly, the self-esteem is higher among the youngest and teenagers who have not undergo the effects of stigmatization through scholastic checks and dissocial career, but who also feel themselves respected and admitted in their surroundings
Raoelina, Andriambololona Jacqueline. "Morale et révolution le problème moral dans les oeuvres de Marx et Engels, contribution à un humanisme marxiste." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595112j.
Full textBenetrix, Carine. "Le double et le même selon le mythe, la science et la philosophie : perspectives sur le clonage." Lyon 3, 2003. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2003_out_benetrix_c.pdf.
Full textThe cloning go today into the field of the philosophy because it interrogat like the life, the reproduction. . . Can't it conceive of the cloning become a directions for reproduction like an other? Is it about a technique of reproduction or a technique of manufacteure on sight of a genetic produce very definite?
Boldrini, Miranda. "Éthique, imagination et réalité chez Iris Murdoch." Thesis, Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0039.
Full textThe thesis focuses on Iris Murdoch's (1919-1999) moral thought. The research aims to show Murdoch's heterogenic and innovator role within contemporary moral philosophy, in particular in the analytic tradition. Murdoch's philosophical perspective is analyzed in three axes : the relationship between ethics and language ; moral psychology ; the relationship between philosophical method and normativity. The thesis shows Murdoch's contribution to some central debates of contemporary philosophical ethics, notably : the critic of the dichotomy between fact and value ; moral perfectionism ; and the critic of "scientism" and the kind of non-scientific naturalism Murdoch conceive for ethics. Through this analysis, both theoretical and historical, the research argues that Murdoch played a crucial role in the constitution of an alternative line of analytic moral philosophy : a "philosophy of the ordinary" inheriting from Wittgenstein, which consider philosophical reflection as conceptual elucidation interested in ordinary moral life. In this perspective, the thesis explores the relationship between Murdoch's moral thought and contemporary ethics of care along with feminist approaches interested in moral epistemology, in order to show that what Murdoch offers for ethics is a "different moral epistemology"
Hincmar, Nachtmann Doris. "De cavendis vitiis et virtutibus exercendis /." München : Monumenta Germaniae historica, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37033216m.
Full textAnselme, Michel. "Ethique rationnelle et morales de l'Antiquité." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040199.
Full textThough they can be found in great number, the moral theories of the great philosophers of ancient times never really established the idea of moral obligation. But modern man feels the need for a rational ethic that moralists who followed the great philosophers of antiquity however never provided. It is proved though that societies without moral rules are condemned to disappear. Would mankind not follow this principle? Could mankind survive without moral codes of behavior? Whereas, most of the time, indifferent to moral theories, human populations hade for 3 or 4 million years not only survived but improved their way of life. Does it not follow then, that without being aware of it man has in fact observed some sort of unconscious moral code even though philosophers have not been able to determine and analyze this moral code? The question can be asked. Indeed if we study these moral theories one after the other we find out that they all assert that: "what matters above all is that man be". Therefore based on this minimal rational ethical principle derive four main intangible principles. Freedom, equity, truth and solidarity. Hence, we can conclude that morality is nothing more than the way the principles are applied according to the situation, that is to say: different applications of intangible values of really rational ethic
Bouchard, Simon. "Sartre et la voie herméneutique de la morale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43804.
Full textTavernier, Frédéric. "Structure d'une philosophie morale selon confucius et aristote." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040135.
Full textAuger, Christian. "Socrate et l'éducation morale : contribution à l'étude du Ménon." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44515.
Full textMiravete, Sébastien. "La durée bergsonienne comme nombre et comme morale." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690362.
Full textIsley, Edwin L. "Farce, critique sociale, et comedie morale chez Moliere." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539802.
Full textDepartment of Foreign Languages
Barrovecchio, Anne-Sophie. "Le complexe de Bélisaire : histoire et tradition morale /." Paris : H. Champion, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41483310t.
Full textBaumard, Nicolas. "Une théorie naturaliste et mutualiste de la morale." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0033.
Full textWhy are we moral? This work relies on two approaches. The naturalist approach comes from the tradition of moral sense (Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, Adam Smith) and aims at explaining morality with the help of tools coming from natural sciences (evolutionary theory, cognitive psychology). The mutualist approach comes from the social contract tradition (Hobbes, Rousseau and Rawls) et see moral relationships as mutually advantageous interactions. Thus, this work distances oneself from non naturalist theories of morality ( culturalist theories, rational choice theories) and fron non mutualist theories (group selection or altruistic theories, sentimentalist or continuiste theories). This works shows that numerous moral situations (justice, solidarity, moral dilemmas, economic games, crimes without victim) are better explained in a naturalist and mutualist framework
Thévenet, Anne. "Ralph Cudworth et les fondements de la morale." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20016.
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