Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et la vérité'
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Dalbignat-Deharo, Gaëlle. "Vérité scientifique et vérité judiciaire en droit privé." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010305.
Full textChisogne, Sophie. "Vérité, véracité, sincérité : "fait divers" et nouvelle chez Vigneulles." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22573.
Full textTonning, Guillaume. "Courage et vérité : Platon et Nietzsche." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100013.
Full textIn the Laches Plato uses courage as an instrument to accomplish a transvaluation in favour of truth and then makes it silent. A critical reading of this dialogue shows this double aspect and points out the basis of an alternative to the system of truth. Instead of becoming its auxiliary, courage become the principle of a knowledge which renounces to the essence to receive the thing into the intimacy of a welcoming fear. Nietzsche recovers the possibility of such a comprehension. Reconsidering the question of the relationship of knowledge in the setting of will to power and the struggle of forces, he makes of courage the fondamental affect from which derives all true giving and receiving. It is then that knowledge intended as an incorporation of the flux becomes possible outside any reference to the truth. This happen at the cost of an upside down transvaluation inside a courageous and learned body
Génique, Gwenaëlle. "Vérité et certitude en droit." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008VERS008S.
Full textThe assimilation of the truth and certainty notions in laws is meaningful. When it consists in matching objective conceptions of the truth and certainty, it is a question of supporting the juridical order stability by concealing axiological implications of law. The reference to the objective truth is a way to legitimize law guaranteeing its incontestability and indeed its stability. Exclusion of the notion of the truth from law because objectively conceived, would be inaccessible and its perpetual research would go against law stability, is however problematic. It is possible to put it right by adopting an intersubjective conception of the truth and more specifically a procedural conception, which can agree with the requirement of stability of law. Another path would be to consider material truth as a regulative notion of law, which assumes a disconnection of the truth and certainty notions in law
Sim, Eun-Log. "Cing sens et vérité utile." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0048.
Full textThis work aims at finding the origins of the five senses (touch, hearing, sight, smell, taste) in Western countries, so as to understand how the Human uses his ability to sense and to judge. This research is codified according to the "useful truth" (spatio-temporal adequacy of the thing and the sensitive) rather than to the « truth » (perpetuai adequacy of the thing and the intellect). The origin of the five senses ("senso-gony") can be mainly found in the stories of the creation of the world, as the first event of the universe of the Human being. In the Graeco-Roman and Judaeo-Christian stories, we can find more than five different creations of the world by the five senses. Each creation is an externalization and an objectification of the senses according to the "Useful Truth". As souls, the senses are internalized and subjectified. In those processes, "Senso-gony" is closely linked to "Cosmo-gony" and "Psycho-gony" (the origin of the soul)
Gleizer, Marcos André. "Vérité et certitude chez Spinoza." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040035.
Full textOur objective in this study is to examine Spinoza’s theory of truth and certainty. The goal being to highlight the meaning and range of the spinozist thesis as expressed by the formula: "truth is the standard both of itself and of the false". We first determined the spinozist concept of truth through the analysis of adequacy (extrinsic property of true idea). We have shown of agreement (extrinsic property of true idea). We have shown that these two aspects of true idea are complementary, though the first plays a more important role in that it also functions as the standard of truth. We then examined the concept of certainty. This concept is linked to the apodictic character of adequacy and is understood as indubitability, that is, as the power to exclude reasons to doubt. Finally we have shown, through examination of the spinozist solution to the "cartesian circle" problem, that this thesis supports the perfectly consistent concept of self-justification of reason
Foloppe, Ganne Régine. "Baudelaire et la vérité poétique." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BOR30066.
Full textOur working hypothesis is as follows : under the cover of a pact of falsehood and play, Baudelaire implements the passage toward a poetry which, in order to deeply question itself henceforth with regard to its groundings, referents, metamorphoses, essence, and necessity, requires and incessantly engenders its own center-of-truth beyond any system. Thus, as distinct from his predecessors, the poet no longer aims his attention, efforts, doubts and suspicions at the readably and socially constructive import of what he writes, but at the relation between a poetic or artistic appearance that holds together (the figure, the image) and the inmost depths of humankind, that is, a certain dejection or collapse. The esthetic and moral perspective we seek thus to define in Baudelaire’s work questions the connection between the word and the person emitting it on the one hand, and those receiving it on the other: hence the calling into question of language as an actual vector as well as the anxious research that accompanies it are posed. At once born of and already distanced from Romanticism, this new focus and reflexivity free, exacerbate, and threaten the poetical: thus, by way of the motifs of hypocrisy, lying, the mask and art itself, the poet challenges this ideal in the very process of initiating it, all the while living a veritable poetic passion in which he invests and consumes himself, body and mind, not without a form of integrity. Such are the paradoxes envisioned. In what terms can one speak of poetic truth in Baudelaire’s work? Does he extract the idea of it toward an unfolding and assuredly fertile posterity or else does he stifle the upsurge with his characteristic clairvoyance ? Can such lucidity work against the authenticity of the artistic gesture? Where, when, and how does trueness come into play in a poem ? Why and with a view to what? In what manner does the work, by way of this strand, find a particularly illuminating coherence as initiator of modernity? But equally, within what limits? How, why, can and must poetic meaning escape dialectical concerns and hence deceive, likewise, all travesties and systematic adherence — and especially faithfulness to all obvious facts of solemnity? It’s about attempting to understand in what way the poetical, starting with Baudelaire, and as a result of his work, within the transfers and substitutions it presupposes, in its unprovability and its mystification, but equally in the rigor that characterizes it, may be placed in relation with the true, not according to constant external and pre-existing systems, but according to access-ways, perspectives interacting with creative speech, namely with the experience of inspiration, composition, and the reading of symbols. Since such a truth obviously cannot be posed as a theorem or axiom positively proven and applicable, it will therefore not be envisioned through a precise theoretical and philosophical prism, but rather confronted methodically with the literariness of the text, with the poem, in that it presents and initiates an intrinsic form of existence whose originality and paradoxy would be precisely not to be positive, in the sense of supported by anything pre-judged whatsoever, or tending by design toward any prescribed objective
Zengin, Ayse Nilüfer. "Corps et vérité chez Michel Foucault." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010536.
Full textAdorno, Francesco. "Vérité et sujet chez Michel Foucault." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA080974.
Full textThe works of foucault bring about an ensemble of problems in which we tried to treat in this work. From one period to another, we encounter a diversity of tone, style and subject among the works the destination and purpose seem uncertain. In particular, two moments reflect this discontinuity: between l'archeologie du savoir et surveiller et punir, foucault changes or seems to change methods; between la volonte de savoir et l'usage des plaisirs et le souci de soi, the project even of a story of sexuality seems to orient itself in a different way. In our opinion, the changes which accent foucault's path represent different moments of the same questioning that can be explained in different ways, but does not constitute less of a coherent path. In our opinion, foucault's fundamental problem was always disecting the processes of subject formation, and making clearer the knowledge which discreetly participates in his constitution. This hypothesis is based on the research of "literary" works: a collection of articles by literary critics; on the other hand we studied the inedited between 1976 and 1984. The first part of this research allowed us to confirm that already at the beginning of the 60's, foucault thought about a series of concepts that will be the basis of his archeo-genealogical method. The second part of this work allowed us to establish the existance of a certain graduality between 1976 and 1984 : in l'usage des plaisirs, foucault does not mention the genealogy of. .
Lacas, Samuel. "Extensionnalité, syntaxe et prédicats de vérité." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA077210.
Full textGrasso, Elsa. "Copie, simulacre et vérité chez Platon." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10043.
Full textFrackowiak, Mathieu. "Histoire et vérité chez Michel Foucault." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040235.
Full textWith this PhD, I propose a reading of Foucault – and particularly the « Cours au Collège de France » which deals with three questions. First, how to think through the historic work of Foucault, the operations which characterize that work and its fictional dimension? Second, what kind of importance do foucaldian “genealogies” carry for Truth in History and their way of practicing historical studies? And last, can we say that there is a foucaldian history? My work demonstrate that, in Michel Foucault’s thinking, Truth – and the way we write the history of Truth in Western Thought – organizes History, a role which has been described in the thesis as “eugenics” because of its consequences on the order of discourses, in science and, consequently, on real and possible ways of living for human beings. We try to think, therefore, against that eugenics and to characterize the way Foucault practiced history, and to understand the consequences of this practice on philosophy?
Nguyen, Thi Tu Huy. "Vérité et interprétation chez Alain Robbe-Grillet." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070098.
Full textDeveloped from RobleGrillet's obsession with truth and authenticity, I am trying to reconstruct hi idea of conflict, and to identify the logic of contradiction which links negation to affirmation in a System of "no". This System has a philosophical dimension of which the author is well aware. He makes his literary space a forum, a place where one can harmonize literary and philosophical ideas, a place where voices and thoughts cross, and a place of discordant ideas can meet with repeated ideas, Sometimes, he also discussed his work on literary questions raised by philosophy. Ail this invites us to think about a number of current issues raised by the so-called "human and social sciences" and to wonder about the relationship between literature and philosophy, between creation and reception, between abstraction and imagination, between logic and sensitivity, about the interpretation, about the understanding, about the meaning, about the collapse of contemporary identity, and finally about the degeneration of subjective and representative structures. Robbe-Grillet's literary thought is inseparable from thinking writing: a writing that oscillates between negation and affirmation, which, instead of analyzing and giving the answers, plunges into questioning and interrogation - this does not exclude a sensitive and carnal character. Interrogational writing has the task of putting the reader's mind in an active and dynamic state. Thus, this writing arouses a new relationship between the reader and the text. Such an understanding of the idea of "no" is as a matter of fact a sine qua non condition for human freedom
Houbron, Hélèna. "Loyauté et vérité : étude de droit processuel." Reims, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REIMD006.
Full textThe principle of fairness (loyalty) in procedural law has various forms. In relation to the discovery of the truth, the concept of fairness (loyalty) has a specific meaning because of the complexity governing the links existing between this principle and the notion of truth. Therefore a functional approach of the concept of fairness (loyalty) has been chosen. This approach has allowed to draw the main characters of the notion of fairness (loyalty). This concept permits the realisation of a fair trial and exercises a positive and a negative influence on the discovery of the truth. Sometimes seen as a duty to be sincere, the principle of fairness (loyalty) in procedural law always appears like a duty of transparency in the search and in the presentation of evidences. Sincerity and transparency both contribute to the discovery of the "judicial truth". As a mitigating factor, fairness (loyalty) suggests that the discovery of the truth could not be reached by any mean and consists in prohibiting the use of elements contrary to the idea of Justice. The principle of fairnes thus tends to promote an ethical conception of the law of evidence
Talla, Ahmadou Tidiane. "Karl Popper, Gaston Bachelard : rationalité et vérité." Amiens, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AMIE0002.
Full textDostie, Proulx Pierre-Luc. "Réalisme et vérité : le débat entre Habermas et Rorty." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/25932/25932.pdf.
Full textDostie, Proulx Pierre-Luc. "Réalisme et vérité : le débat entre Habermas et Rorty." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20587.
Full textÉtant donné l'universalité de la médiation linguistique conditionnant notre rapport au monde, à quoi fait-on référence lorsqu'on utilise le concept de "vérité" en épistémologie contemporaine? Doit-on nécessairement supposer que nos énoncés correspondent à une réalité extérieure pour faire sens du concept de vérité? Un réalisme sans la représentation est-il possible? Le présent mémoire tente de répondre à ces interrogations en exposant deux conceptions de la vérité radicalement différentes: celle de Jürgen Habermas et celle de Richard Rorty. Après une présentation des grandes répercussions du tournant linguistique sur les conceptions épistémologiques classiques, j'analyserai la position néopragmatiste rortienne qui affirme que le tournant linguistique a épuisé la validité conceptuelle du dualisme croyance-vérité. J'expliquerai en quoi consistent la position antiréaliste de Rorty, son traitement déflationniste de la distinction vérité-justification et ses thèses mélioristes. Cela me mènera à poser la question suivante: est-ce possible de préserver un concept transculturel de vérité après le tournant linguistique? Dans le but de répondre à cette question, j'exposerai la théorie épistémologique que développe Jürgen Habermas dans Vérité et justification. J'expliquerai la conception bidimensionnelle de la vérité qu'il y développe en insistant sur l'interaction constante des sphères de l'action et de la discussion. Cette exposition me permettra de procéder à une analyse exhaustive du débat entre ces deux auteurs. J'insisterai sur leurs désaccords concernant l'explication théorique, du point de vue des acteurs, du déroulement de la praxis quotidienne et des processus de justification.
Barcat, Charlotte. "Bloody Sunday et l'enquête Saville : vérité, justice et mémoire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA122.
Full textOn January 30th, 1972, in the Northern Irish city of Derry/Londonderry, thirteen people who had been taking part in a civil rights demonstration were shot dead by British soldiers. This ‘Bloody Sunday’ immediately sparked controversy: the soldiers claimed they had fired in retaliation, which civilian witnesses categorically denied. In 1972, the conclusion of the first public inquiry that the soldiers had acted within the rules was rejected by the victims’ families, who launched a campaign demanding a new inquiry in 1992. In 1998, as the peace process was under way, the British government granted a second public inquiry, to be chaired by Lord Saville. This inquiry faced a major challenge: how could they rewrite the official memory of such a symbolic event, which had already been integrated into deeply entrenched, antagonistic collective memories? Three main concepts were used to study the Saville inquiry in this work: truth, justice and memory. Finding the truth was announced as one of the inquiries’ main objectives. Justice is also highly relevant, for even though the inquiry is not a trial, it does serve justice by restoring confidence in the rule of law and providing official recognition for the victims. Finally, the importance of memory is paramount, as any attempt to rewrite the official narrative of an event was bound to clash with existing collective memories: the collective memories of the nationalist and unionist communities, but also the official memory of the British state. Truth, justice and memory thus appear to be closely linked, but may also collide, making it difficult for the inquiry to reach the objective of bringing about reconciliation
Bouguen, Carmen. "Secret et vérité dans l'oeuvre de Javier Marias." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20040.
Full textBélisle, Liette. "Le rapport à la vérité chez Augustin entre vérité biographique et vérité philosophique : le problème de l'authenticité d'Augustin dans les "Confessions" remet-il en cause la vérité de son oeuvre philosophique?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5656.
Full textBernas-Martel, Claire. "La vérité dans l'oeuvre de Iris Murdoch." Paris 10, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA100064.
Full textIris Murdoch's novels are the realm of illusions, delusion, real lies, pseudo-truths and even supernatural events. All these elements point to the concept of truth which is precisely the object of our study in six of her novels: Under the Net, The Sea, the Sea, The Philosopher's Pupil, The Good Apprentice, The Unicorn, The Flight From the Enchanter. The problem one is confronted with is whether, in I. Murdoch's view, the subject can know the truth concerning reality, himself, others, or not, to which extent, what truth he may achieve and how. This implies studying the particular nature of reality in the novels (its close link with dreams, imagination and fantasies), then the subjective and colouring nature of the subject and the part it plays in the access to truth. There also arises the question of the author's truth: her conception of human nature and human condition, her general conception of truth, where morals and art have a deep part
Delayre, Stéphanie. "L'oeuvre oblique : Driss Chrai͏̈bi ou l'impossible vérité." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30017.
Full textThe fiction of Driss Chrai͏̈bi, one of the major Maghrebian writers of French expression, has undergone many transformations since its iconoclastic beginning, during the struggle for independence from colonialism. Considered as the "rebel son", the author seeks his path through two cultures in a quest for identity, ceaselessly celebrating multiculturalism. Nonetheless, the great variety of his work doesn't lack a firm homogeneity. The aim of this research, in the already prolific critical literature of Driss Chrai͏̈bi's fiction, is to provide an overview of the main themes and textual components of his work: the dynamics of the narrative process show a textual strategy between gaps and repetition. Intertextuality appears to have a key role in the creative process: Chrai͏̈bi's writing is constantly dragging along numerous references, based on "Western" as well as "Eastern" inspiration, and the discursive structure reveals overlapping forms of real and invented intertexts. At first subverting narrative linearity, those interactions are progressively combined in simultaneous lines, in a literary counterpoint on the musical model. Obsessive themes highlight and focus attention on repetitive imagery, within the constant metamorphosis of Chrai͏̈bi's work; symbolic patterns of a personal myth underline the specific language the author is using to recreate his own literary universe
Christopoulou, Vassiliki-Piyi. "La vérité en histoire et en psychanalyse : convergences et divergences." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070064.
Full textThe object of this dissertation lies at the intersection of Freudian psychoanalysis, epistemology of history and philosophy, with the assistance of philology. In particular, the present work is a tentative enquiry into the interaction of psychoanalysis with the epistemology of history, with regard to a presupposed "historical truth" which is necessary to define and clarify. The method adopted is based on the so-called loan of models, which gives a direction to the research, without posing an initial hypothesis having an axiomatic value. This way to proceed confers epistemological legitimacy to the problematic comparative study of two heterogeneous disciplines, which would otherwise be problematic. This work contains four parts. The first part traces the evolution of the relations between history and psychoanalysis. The second part considers the complexity of the concept of truth in philosophy and history. The third part discusses the same concept in psychoanalysis and the fourth part (historical and psychoanalytical truth) develops some paradigmatic questions and finally embraces the problem of the transmission of psychoanalysis itself, throughout its own history
Fournier-Grumbach, Isabelle. "Présomptions et vérité en droit de la filiation." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON10020.
Full textDjaballah, Amar. "Vérité logique et ontologie chez W. V. Quine." Paris 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA01A033.
Full textPétuaud-Létang, Lucas. "Scepticisme et vérité dans la philosophie de Hegel." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30048.
Full textThe starting point of this work is the idea that scepticism and truth are central notions in Hegel’s philosophy. Although his relationship to scepticism has been arousing a growing interest for about thirty years, this topic is far from being exhausted. For Hegel’s approach to scepticism has two sides: on the one hand, his interpretation of it – especially of ancient scepticism –, on the other hand, his answer to the sceptical challenge. The specificity of Hegel’s relationship to ancient scepticism shows in both of these aspects: first, through considerable attention dedicated to Pyrrhonian texts and through a pioneering interpretation of such scepticism; second, in an answer to the sceptical challenge, as Hegel conceives of it, that is built in the very construction of the system. What does this twofold approach consist in? What kind of scepticism does Hegel cope with and how is the system defended? Such is, in very general terms, the problem we would like to address. Our thesis hinges on three points. (1) Hegel reads ancient scepticism as thoroughly negative, as the strictly negative comprehension and use of the dialectical, which proves to be a very original reading when compared with contemporary ones. (2) Sceptical negativity is sublated in the system (2a) by integration and (2b) through the elaboration of a concept of truth that is immune to sceptical modes. (3) The rational knowledge of truth has to deal with its historicity; that is, it has to confront, first, a contemporary scepticism with an ethic of truth, and second a historicist use of the sceptical modes via their refutation. In other words, we would like to show that Hegel’s radical interpretation of ancient scepticism led him to develop a mostly implicit defence of the system against sceptical attacks; that this interpretation consequently has a key role to play in determining the concepts of dialectics and of truth as well as in the self-comprehension of his philosophy in the history of philosophy
Carrique, Pierre. "Rêve et vérité : l'aventure onirique de la métaphysique." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100152.
Full textInchauspé, Dominique. "Innocence et vérité dans le procès pénal français et anglo-saxon." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0050.
Full textThis study shows that the criminal process finally acquires more consistency than the crime itself. The “criminal adventure”, namely the tragical story of the crime itself, turns into “the judicial adventure”, namely the path of justice towards the final decision (conviction or dismissal). Whether it deals with the French or with the Anglo-Saxon models, the legal rules are so complicated that they create a judicial logic which is specific and clipped from the facts of the case. In comparison, the motives and the circumstances of a crime are always simple. Accordingly, the judicial issue appears to be more (and often too much) elaborated than the crime itself.The study also shows the unchanging character of the criminal justice. Whether it is in France or in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the fundamentals of the two justices which are concurrent – inquisitorial model and adversary one- are the same that in the Middle Age. Of course, some reforms happened. The importance of the rule of the contradictory increases, etc. However, the main concern of the French justice still deals with a pretrial investigation which is very thoroughly conducted by a state agency. The Anglo-Saxon model always lies in the confrontation of two thesis with a practical advantage given to the prosecution. These different approaches by the two justices are attributable to a different social philosophy. The status of the suspected person greatly differs whether he is prosecuted in France or in the Anglo-Saxon countries: in France, this status is a matter of the search for the truth; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, this status is in practice that of an almost guilty one, even if his guilt must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt.This social and/or ethic philosophy recuts another one: the political philosophy. In France, the individual is assisted since the State is deemed to be “stronger” than him; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the individual is a free man; accordingly, he is solely responsible for his acts. Therefore, in France, the State wants to fix up its own opinion about the crime; in the Anglo-Saxon countries, the confrontation of the prosecution and the lawyer outdoes all the rest, in particular the truth. Moreover, in these countries, according to the freedom and the independence of the individual, an undue importance is given to confessions.However, the Anglo-Saxon political philosophy is an extraordinary lever for the history and the liberty and also for the economic expansion. Without it, the continental countries would not have been able to be freed from the conquerors of the two world wars and the cold war. Without it, the US would not be a forefront of the progress.We do not consider that the Anglo-Saxon world made few positive contributions to the criminal proceedings. Indeed, this is the famous English Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 which created the idea of a reasonable time to be tried in court and, if not, to be released from prison. From the English comes the idea of an explicit list of rights of the defence, in particular in some articles in the Magna Carta of 1212 and then officially included in the Bill of Rights of 1689. From the Americans comes the idea of making the rights of defence sacred through the amendments of the constitution. We remember that this idea arrived late in Europe with the ECHR.Therefore, the study shows that the Anglo-Saxons countries which benefit from a reputation of pragmatism have rather acted as theoreticians of criminal law. They have provided the world of criminal justice mainly with contributions close to symbols. They have underestimated the consequences of these symbols in the practice of the criminal proceedings. The study shows also that the French, who are often known for their dogmatic approach of problems, have a better understanding of the criminal proceedings.The study shows especially that the Anglo-Saxon world of criminal justice and the French one totally ignore each other
Moghtader-Marin, Soudabeh. "Vérité et jugement : Ostad Elahi, juge et philosophe iranien (1895-1974)." Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100017.
Full textThis PhD thesis is about the life of an Iranian judge and philosopher, Ostad Elahi (1895-1974), who was born in the western province of Kermanshah in Iran. He lived until the age of 35 (1930) within the framework of the Ahl-i-Haqq spiritual traditions, a local Kurdo-Persian branch of Shi'i Sufism, before abandonning that traditional contemplative life to become a judge in 1930. Ostad Elahi joined the new Ministry of Justice that was being created in that period by Iranian reformers in Tehran who sought to modernize the judiciary, while building on earlier traditions of Islamic law and justice. Ostad Elahi followed a specialized course and learned the new, originally French basis of Iran's new international, civil and criminal laws, before starting to work as a judge. His professional carreer involved positions in many different towns and provinces of Iran during this tumultuous period of nation-building, centralisation, and foreign occupation (through WWII), and he was constantly faced with many challenging situations in what was still a largely feudal country. As a judge, his work was based on the freshly codified national laws: a mixture of European laws, particularily French, and more traditional Imami Shii fiqh (Ja'fari school), which dominated laws of family and personal status. During this period of difficult transition between tradition and modernity, Iran experienced in all fields, particularly in law and justice, many conflicts between religious conservative forces and a new national intellecutal élite trained in Europe and following European models. Ostad Elahi found his own way within this difficult political, cultural and social context, in large part because his “philosophy of law” was based, beyond the traditional Shiite legal models, in the search for a universal understanding of human rights, duties and ethics that was strongly influenced by earlier Sufi thinkers and Islamic (and Hellenistic) political and moral philosophers
Hermon-Belot, Rita. "La politique et la vérité : l'abbé Grégoire et la Révolution française." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0071.
Full textKubota, Shizuka. "Descartes et l’éloquence de la vérité. Les héritages jésuite et humaniste." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040040.
Full textIs the philosophy of Descartes “a kind of philosophy without rhetoric”? We might expect that the principle of the evidence, which calls for a total transparency of the ideas, refuses categorically all recourses to the rhetorical art founded on the bounds of credibility and reputed to obstruct the bare truth. However, despite their captures of position, as an old student of the Jesuit, Descartes, doesn’t disown the heritage of the old litterae. It is important to point the rhetorical heritage of the Humanists from which the Jesuit Fathers have considerably drawn: the linguistic formation of Descartes has accompanied with a respect to the eloquence during his adolescence. But this eloquence, originally displayed in the sumptuous style driven by enthusiasm, doesn’t continue until his middle age without being guided by his ethical anxiety not to betray the truth. Behind a transparent veil proper to transmit this intact truth, the philosopher tries both to examine his deep mind and to creep into others’ spirits discreetly. The rhetoric is also an indispensable means in order to embody the dialogue of Cartesian thought and of writings
Corbett, Nicole Stephanie-Anne 1983. "Vérité et duplicité dans l'œuvre de Jean-Jacques Rousseau." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116046.
Full textBore, Isabelle. "Vérité et liberté chez Sir Thomas More 1478-1535." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030058.
Full textIn Saint John's wake, Thomas More suggests that truth makes free. As a gift from the Father, truth is first analyzed in legal terms. It gives the notion a social dimension, to which it cannot be limited. In the early religious sixteenth century, truth is also considered spiritually as faith in Christ. As the law silences individual conflicts, faith frees man from the shackles of sin. Both definitions are not given simultaneously. More is first interested in the law and then in faith. Used to reading the Fathers of the Church who insist on the continuity between the Old and the New Testament, More means that the revelation of truth is a long historical process. This twofold definition is rooted in a theocentric vision of society which makes More closer to the late Middle Ages than to the early Renaissance
Leturmy, Laurence. "La recherche de la vérité et le droit pénal." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT3005.
Full textThe study of the relationship between criminal law and the quest for truth leads to a double statement. The demonstration of truth first appears as a major trend in criminal proceedings. The inquisitorial organisation of a trial and the variety of human kind and procedural means are as many reflections of this continual concern about procedure. But this quest, hedged by many conditions, cannot afford to be absolute in any way. But comparatively, criminal law contains many indications showing a renoncement of the quest fo truth. Criminal justice, when having other priorities such as equity or celerity of a trial diverts from its primary aim and leads either to a transfigured truth or to a disfigured truth. Then the essential question concerns the place occupied in the hierarchy of norms by the duty to search for truth. Could not the judicial nature of this duty be that of a general principal of law ?
Imbeault, Marc. "Le problème de la vérité chez Heidegger et Wittgenstein." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010547.
Full textThis text is basically a confrontation between two great philosophers of the xxth century - heidegger and wittgenstein - on the problem of truth. Heidegger, on his side, ditinguish between two kinds of truth : ontical and ontological. The first kind of truth speaks about the nature of individual things, and the other one speaks about the nature of being something in general, i. E. Of the nature of being itself. Wittgenstein was the instigator of a completely different kind of philosophy. His tought investigate the way by wich we use language in philosophy. Here, in "language analysis", truth is not essentially related with being. It is a basic concept of different "language games", philosophy as such as science. Truth is what we can say about the world in the limits of a language game. But those limits remain themselves problematic. The resolution of this enigma is one of the main task of a linguistical approach of philosophy. Following wittgenstein, most of the metaphysical problems are simply nonsense because they suppose misuses of language that have never been explored by philosophers
Boivin, Joëlle. "Mimèsis et vérité dans la philosophie esthétique de Gadamer." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44868.
Full textSforzini, Arianna. "Scènes de la vérité : Michel Foucault et le théâtre." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0023/document.
Full textWhat meaning, value, relevance for philosophical thought and political practice is possible to ascribe to the concept of theatrum philosophicum, of “philosophy-theatre”? The present research explores possible answers to these questions starting from the analysis of Michel Foucault's works. By focusing on the theatrical concepts, texts, tools and stylistic devices used by Foucault, my aim is to investigate how theatre can contribute to philosophy, when philosophy is not meant to become asystematic project but rather a creative practice.To this end, I examine a series of notions related to the semantic field of theatre, taking into account Foucault's enterprise as a whole : the tragic and tragedy; the theme of the double; the notion of simulacra; the fictional writing; the “dramatics” and dramaturgies of truth; the political and resistant scenes of the bodies. Through all these research axes, theatre reveals itself as an extremely fruitful device to call into question the traditional Western philosophical discourse. Theatre is a way to rethink the theoretical and practical relevance of Foucault's philosophy, without reducing it to abstract, universal, and preordained formulas. Drawing a path between theatre and philosophy (or better, an analytical framework that employs theatre to rethink the place and the role of philosophy), and accepting the ambiguities of anindirect and metaphorical use of the theatrical conceptuality, I formulate a clear hypothesis: thanks to its powers of repetition, duplication and public test, theatre is a form of philosophical experience, which emblematically conveys the critical attitude lying at the heart of Foucault's philosophy. Theatre helps conceive the activity of thinking as a concrete practice of transformation, which changes the forms of relation the self has to her/himself and to others. Theatre is not an esthetical and marginal dimension of Foucault's works, but rather the fil rouge that connects them as a movement of shifting, displacing and perpetual re-elaboration of our own mode of looking at the world and at our subjectivity. Foucault's theatrum-philosophicum is a way to rethink philosophy as a political performance
Esnault, Nadine. "L'éducation thérapeutique entre vérité médicale et histoire du patient." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=ebad503d-963f-4c5d-803e-f8172e6a8c77.
Full textThe medical diagnosis is expressed in scientific terms, based on demonstration logic on which is stated that adult patients with a chronic disease, such as asthma in this research, have to respect certain standards to prevent sudden appearance of aculte crisis. From the medical point of view, a chronic diseae is often considered as not curable, the proposed treatments aim to alleviable the symptoms and make life more comfortable. Despite educational sessions provided to these patients, we observe a phenomon of non-compliance mean at the patient's level ? As we give further thought to the interpretative level, we will try to understand what the words of the subject might reveal. Would this approach also reveal, beyond a "clinical sign" when i tcomes to refer to the disease as an evidence, a "clinic meaning". (Dubas, 2004) when it comes to discover the proven disease ? Would could this "non-compliance" mean at the patient's level ? As we give further throught to the interpretative level, we will try to understand what the words of the subject might reveal, beyond a "clinical sign" when it comes to refer to the desease as an evidence, a "clinic of meaning" (Dubas, 2004) when it comes to discover the proven disease ? Would this behavior result of a denial ? Would the patients obtain side benefits from their illness as shown in Laplantine's work (1986) ? Given the patients itinerary, their experiences endured through the emergence of the disease, their educational, social and family history, shouldn't we be able to understand this compliance or no-compliance ?Taking advantage of a study of the accounts from five patients, we have attempted to identify the modes of behavior, the identify issues and the proper histories of each one. The methodological orientation of this thesis is therefore within the scope of a clinical and qualitative approach
Panopoulos, Dimitra. "Pour une dialectique platonicienne contemporaine : antagonisme, justice et vérité." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083238.
Full textTo overturn Platonism, such was Nietzsche’s injunction, taken up again, in our time, by Deleuze. Platonism and Anti-Platonism have long constituted possible polar opposites, determining various philosophical orientations and their confrontations. Here, we are far from history of philosophy concerns catalogued under the name of Plato. If the primary opposition of Plato and Aristotle remains of value in the field of polemics, it is less for itself than for the reconstructions for which these names hold high stakes. The opposition is soon enriched by contemporary questions, from which is drawn that which renders singular our time for the articulation of epistemological, artistic and political regimes of thought. By tracing a line diagonally from contemporary readings of Plato into today’s philosophical confrontations, thus opening new perspectives onto the meaning of such names as Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Althusser, Lyotard, Deleuze and several others, this work traverses several fundamental questions: the object in mathematics, opposing realism and idealism, distancing and didactics in art, the emancipation and totalitarianism concerning the egalitarian exigencies in politics. The project aims to determine the political meaning of speculation: from the contemporary reconstruction of the philosophical scene for or against Plato, we are thus seeking to propose a new examination of the conceptions of antagonism, of dialectic and of justice
Cyr, Nadine. "LE BONHEUR ET LA VÉRITÉ : La même chose selon Aristote." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28233/28233.pdf.
Full textGoedert-Masuy, Véronique. "Les mensonges en clinique pédopsychiatrique : le symptôme de Pinocchio, enfant seul." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/goedert_v.
Full textThis study deals with lies which, in childhood, used in a repetitive way, attack the intersubjective links. Two different kinds of lies are to be distinguished inside two types of psychic attitude: the preoedipal Pinocchio liesʺ, and the oedipal secret liesʺ. The theoretical field defines the topographical localisation of lies. From the dynamic and economic point of view, they objectify an intense conflict between the ego, the super-ego and the ego ideal, with the persistance of points of anal fixation, inside of an oedipal conflictuality which is more or less elaborate. However, be they oedipal or not, they always seem linked to a dissatisfying experience during a process of disillusionment. The final part of this study focalises on the Pinocchio lies which question a transgenerationnal narcissistic wound, while the conclusion of this research proposes to consider the use of lies as a means of repearing this wound, but also remaining in all-mightiness archai͏̈c personal experience in order to escape a reality which is threatening
Lalloz, Jean-Pierre. "Genie et verite. Ontologie de la verite et metaphysique des createurs." Lille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL30004.
Full textEvery practice and every theory suppose an implicite conception of trhuth which must be questionned not simply about his existence because of the juridical nature of this notion, but about the invention of its essence and the legityimacy of this invention. That gives a definition of the genius therefore the questions of truth and geniusity meet to gether, not as a positive reality but as a juridical necessity after the introduction which states the necessity for philosophy to create a definition of truth of which it will be the explication and therefore to be itself of genius, as tis history attests it, will be study the question of the nature of what is true by the creativity of genius, the works. These ones will be questionned about the worldly vanity they assume and about the legitimacy of its existence, the institution of which it is the next problem of the genius is to reconcile juridical relaity of its notion with the ontological nature of truth which is by definition substancial. The second part will be denoted to the development of knowledge which is necessasity involved geniusity the creator of genius must own the answer to the most fundamental questions of ontology and metaphysics we will clarify each question and we will bring out the answer involved by the notion of an absolutly legitimale speaker. The conclusion is about the notion of the person, subject of right and not of fact, as completely made of the "subconsqcious" supposition of what is truen and leads to a "psychianalysis of right"
Deshoulières, Valérie-Angélique. "La vérité métaphorique : Claudel, Musil, Cortázar : trois rêves de logiciens." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040127.
Full textThis study is primarly a "praise of difference",the concept of similarity is described from both a linguistic and religious point of vue,and evertually defined as a creative act inseparable from tensions. .
Mongelli, Marco. "Narrer une vie, dire la vérité ˸ la biofiction contemporaine." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCA026/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to analyse a contemporary and transnational literary phenomenon: biofiction. The dissertation combines a historical interest in the practice of biography, with a theoretical and analytical perspective for the way in which biographical accounts were invested by fiction, and a critical and comparative attention for specific contemporary texts. A taxonomy proposal of the many different forms of literary biographies is accompanied by the desire to describe the poetics of contemporary biofiction, its literary challenges and its extra-literary implications (historiographical, sociological, philosophical, political): the aim is to evaluate the epistemological and heuristic consistency of biofiction as an interpretative category of reality.From a methodological point of view, the analyses of the millennial evolution of the biographical is followed by the study of the birth and development of hybrid forms in the second half of the twentieth century, in the West, with the purpose of tracing a specific genealogy of the biofictional genre, taking into account the pioneering texts, those that anticipate a certain poetic or dominant aesthetic tension. Subsequently, the work proposes a comparative analysis of some contemporary texts, above all Italian and French, based on different textual criteria and through the tools of narratology. Firstly, the hybrid character, between document and invention, of biofiction (and therefore the coexistence of referential materials and fictional techniques) is evaluated; at the same time, special attention is given to the narrative voice: by questioning the place that it occupies within the story and analysing its function, it is possible to grasp the reasons for the use of biographical discourse in contemporary récits, and at the same time to verify how these kind of narratives try to say a precise and original truth about a particular man.As underlined by the title of the thesis, the specific connection that links the life narrative and the expression of a truth about that life is the heart of this research, the key to analysing biofictional works in their specificity and its ways of conceiving the reconstruction of a particular identity and of individual and collective, public and private memory
Questa tesi intende analizzare un fenomeno letterario contemporaneo e transnazionale: la biofiction. Il lavoro combina un interesse storico per la pratica della biografia, uno teorico e analitico per la maniera con cui essa è stata investita dalla fiction, e uno critico e comparativo per i testi specifici contemporanei. Uno sforzo di tassonomia delle molte e diverse forme del biografico letterario si accompagna alla volontà di descrivere le poetiche particolari della biofiction contemporanea, le sue sfide letterarie e le sue implicazioni extra-letterarie (storiografiche, sociologiche, filosofiche, politiche): il fine è di valutare la consistenza epistemologica ed euristica della biofiction in quanto categoria interpretativa del reale.Da un punto di vista metodologico il lavoro incrocia lo studio dell’evoluzione millenaria del genere biografico con quello sulla nascita e lo sviluppo delle forme ibride nella seconda metà del XX secolo, in Occidente, con l’obiettivo di rintracciare una genealogia specifica del genere biofinzionale e di identificarne i testi pionieri, quelli che anticipano una determinata poetica o tensione estetica oggi dominante. In seguito, il lavoro propone un’analisi comparativa di alcuni testi contemporanei, soprattutto italiani e francesi, sulla base di criteri testuali diversi e attraverso gli strumenti della narratologia. In primo luogo, si è valutato il carattere ibrido, tra documento e invenzione, della biofiction (e quindi la coesistenza di materiali referenziali e di tecniche finzionali); allo stesso tempo, particolare rilevanza ha assunto il concetto di narratore: interrogando il posto che occupa nel racconto e analizzando la sua funzione è infatti possibile cogliere le ragioni dell’uso del biografico nei récits contemporanei, e insieme verificare in quale maniera essi cercano di dire una verità precisa e originale su un uomo particolare. Come testimonia il titolo della tesi, il nodo specifico che lega la narrazione di una vita e l’enunciazione di una verità a proposito di quella vita rappresenta il cuore della ricerca, la chiave con la quale analizzare le opere nella loro specificità e valutarne il modo di concepire la ricostruzione di un’identità particolare e di una memoria individuale e collettiva, pubblica e privata
Bourgon, Julie. "Création, éthique et vérité : Broch et Blanchot ; suivi de, En trompe-l'oeil." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37193.pdf.
Full textSanchez, Hernandez François Xavier. "Vérité et justice : l'appel et la réponse dans la philosophie d'Emmanuel Levinas." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040097.
Full textThe search for truth was part of Lévinas's main philosophical concerns, but he was to modify the way to apprehend and relate to it. Lévinas will move from "ontique" truth, linked to the intentionality of conscience, to ontological truth, the preoccupation - souci- with Dasein, to an ethical and metaphysical truth implying responsability for the other, and finally to a "religious type" of truth, implying holiness. It is not simply a transformation of the idea of truth, but a change to another plane of thought where both subject and truth are conceived differently. The present work is an analysis of the relation established by Lévinas between, on the one hand, Truth as an appeal to the face of the other, and on the other hand, justice as the response of the subject. If Truth calls, the subject listens before replying. Thus it is through the listening diménsion, and not that of vision or speech, that the subject is exposed to and witnesses the Infinite. Truth is not primarily linked to the wisdom (sofia) of the speech, but to the love (filia) of the wise person who teaches me : the other. Truth (the other) speaks and justice (the subject) replies. Truth and justice are linked because, in their respective orders, the former sollicitates and the latter responds. However, the "link" is not balance, not a new "adequation" between the subject and the other, between the call and the response, since Truth surpasses justice. Truth is primordial, it is truth that calls and takes the initiative - "contre intentionnalité de la conscience" - justice comes at the end to serve the call. But the response is always late and deficient as regards the precedence and demands of the call. To respond to and for the other is to come into the world thanks to him, response which enables the eyes to open and the mouth to speak to him. Only then can the search for meaning begin
Buis, Martine. "Benjamin et la critique littéraire. La littérature, la vérité et l'expérience historique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA030003.
Full textWhile Walter Benjamin's work as an essayist has been the subject of important works in the aesthetics and philosophy of art, in the philosophy of history and political philosophy, his work as a literary critic has been little studied for itself. The interference of Benjamin's theological or Marxist philosophical principles with his critical method is the main objection to the existence of an authentic literary critic that would not be a philosophy of literature projecting on it its preconceived ideas at the expense of texts. According to the letter of 20th January 1930 to Gershom Scholem, Benjamin planned to recreate literary criticism in Germany against the historicalism of genres and works that prevailed in his time.In taking this re-creation project to the letter, I hypothesized that it could only be clarified for itself by understanding the epistemological objection of the intertwining of philosophy and literature as the principle of this recreation. Benjamin attempts to dissolve their frontier and their conventional meaning inherited from Platonism. The origins fate of the tragic paradigm distributes in a “diverging agreement” the respective responses to the unfinished struggle for a language that would do justice to the secular lives erased under the justifications system of historical orders, their old and new myths. By following the repeated struggles for a language capable of giving life its own truth and sensitive face, such as returning their historical experience to the temporary passengers of history that we are, Benjamin defines a non-conceptual and non-discursive philosophy in literary forms whose purpose is to re- figure life without founding it, by relearning to speak through fictions and poetics of the grey and silent zones obliterated by history. Klee's famous allegorical - but also tragi-comic - painting "The Angel of History" finds its counterpoint here in the multiple forms of literature. If it is obviously not this "Messianic Now" who would stop the course of history to complete in the political gesture what is unforgettable in the incompletions of the past and which deserves to be accomplished and saved by the present, it nevertheless configures the messianic space of the language that digs the New routes of subjectivity: the time of pause and restraint, which frees the stage space of game of re-theatralization of multiple lives and reconfigures in language the names that quote them, the multiple ruins and fragments that this allegorical angel leaves necessarily and mechanically on his edge or behind him. Benjamin sketches an epic of literature traversed by distant echoes of tragic paradigms of the silence or complaint facing the saturnian course of history
Ballif-Perrin, Marie. "Fiction et vérité : l'Odyssée d'Homère, Naissance de l'Odyssée et Noé de Giono." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100188.
Full textBiland, Claudine. "Comportement non verbal et mensonge, recherches expérimentales." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10038.
Full textGambetti, Zeynep. "Mensonge et politique : Les enjeux de la visibilité." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA070115.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis is to arrive at an understanding of the relationship between politics and the phenomenenon of the lie, although from the point of view of society and not from that of the liar. The ethical definition of the lie cannot serve as a satisfactory instrument with which to approach the issue under consideration. Political ethics and theological morality are not always compatible. Moreover, the lie is a form of human communication, and as such always relative to the context in which it is used. The political problem of the lie deals with the establishment of facts. The concept of the lie must be reformulated to take into account various semantic conventions and political aims, the context, and the relationship between speaker and audience. It is then possible to establish three political paradigms of the lie (sophism, the modern state of totalitarianism) with respect to the nature of the political sphere involved. The visibility of facts depends, on the one hand on the formal or structural aspects of the political sphere, on the other hand on the diversity of modes of thinking and acting in a given society. Under conditions of unobstructed visibility (the example of the Greek city-state), the lie is relative to the ambiguity of the human world and to the necessary discursivity of opinion formation. Under conditions of limited visibility (the modern sate), the lie is relative to contradictions inherent in the separation of state from society. The political lie is a function of the practice of administering the society, of bureaucratical secrecy and the fragmentation of the social sphere. The total absence of visibility (as in the case of totalitarian regimes) leads to the totalitarianization of the lie such that it becomes impossible to stabilize facts. The totalitarianization of the lie also signals the eclipse of politics while the latter is what gives society its form to signification