Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et le culte des héros'
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Segré, Gabriel. "Elvis Presley : héros mythique et objet de culte." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100070.
Full textStratiki, Kerasia. "Le culte des héroïnes et des héros grecs à travers la Périégèse de Pausanias." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040143.
Full textGreek heroines and heroes are very complicated divinities : that is due to their status of intermediate beings between the divine and the human and between politics and religion. Even if the term ‘religion’ is absent from the ancient greek vocabulary, beliefs and cultural practices in use could not have been characterised in a different way in the modern vocabulary. We name political heroes those who keep a leading role in the structure of history and myth (we notice that ancient Greeks do not separate those two notions) of greek cities. On the other hand, religious heroes are those whose myth and cult are closely connected with the needs of greek citizens and the crucial moments of their human life. Keeping in mind the cultural plurality of the greek heroic cult, the ethnographic and descriptive values in Pausanias’ work, we have chosen the Periegesis as a guide in our research on the cult of greek heroines and heroes because it is presented as a political-religious phenomenon throughout Pausanias’ ten books ; however, the late character of the work and the polycemy of the various cultural terms in question should be kept in mind
Hoang, Thi Hong Ha. "Le culte à Trần Hưng Đạo : construction politique et religieuse d’un héros national au Vietnam." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100138/document.
Full textTrần Hưng Đạo, a famous general of the Trần dynasty (13th century), who was a theorician of the guerilla war and who pushed three times the Mongol invaders out of the Ðai Viêt, has become, over a long historical process, one of the most important national hero, a prominent deity of the pantheon and a major symbol of the Vietnam’s cultural heritage and national identity. In her PhD dissertation, the author analyses how this historical figure has been progressively constructed as a national hero and an omnipotent deity over the country’s struggles against Chinese, French and American imperialisms. On the basis of researches in archive and of ethnographic fieldwork, the study shows how political and religious spheres, local and state interests combine to develop a mythology and cults that meet changing collective and individual goals. The study also provides an overview of the contemporary evolution of the vietnamese religious system, in the context of an increasing openness of the country to the world and the market economy
Salema, das Neves Manuel. "Les avatars de Viriathe, Vercingétorix et Boudicca : essai d'anthropologie historique." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0615.
Full textViriathus, Vercingétorix, Boudicca, the deeds of these three warriors leaders, who resisted to the Roman conquest, have become an integral part of the history of the roman empire because they ennoble its greatness. Two millennia later, their stories still hover: how they were able to withstand the erosion of time? The present comparative research emerged to answer this question. The journeys of these heroes were followed up to the present times, highlighting the strong malleability that characterizeds them so well. Their successive appearnaces in texts, representations, ans speeches contitute a wide field of research in which these three figures stand as figureheads. Manipulated by Greco-Roman authors to exemplify political or humanistic ideas, these three heroes had to wait several centuries before being included in the countries of their birth. First Portugal and England in the 16th century, then France in the 19th century, built bridges connecting distant times and people. VIriathus, Vercingétorix and Boudicca became regarded as valorous ancestors who served the homeland, provoding the ideological base and identity of the nation. From the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century, these values were transmitted through literature, images, school teaching, and monuments. It is more recently that a shift occured, where the national being appropriated localy as heritage
Bonnet, Jean-Claude. "Le culte des grands hommes : essai sur le panthéon littéraire et républicain." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040220.
Full textThe creation of the Pantheon in 1791 can be interpreted as the natural outcome of the celebration of great men, a literary and social practice which gathered momentum throughout the eighteenth century the formerly lesser genre of the academic eulogy, a truly lay kind of discourse, had by then superseded the funeral oration. A previous watershed was the year 1758, when the Academie proposed the eulogy of great men as the topic of its oratorical contest. This grave rises to a commemorative experience of the civic past which involved all the arts and developed its own visual representations. Eminent men of letters (Diderot, Rousseau, Voltaire) became the focus of public scrutiny, and the fact that they were both read and observed as individuals triggered radical changes in the public image of the writer. By the tue of the Pantheon, attention to great men was deflected from their learned psyche in favor of monumental fetish-like icons, with spectacular effects in the case of Marat. The Pantheon turned out to be a fragile and paradoxical institution, however, for in no way was the revolutionary time-experience attuned to the distant perspectives of the collective memory. And yet the cult of great men did not vanish with the Thermidor reaction, as the rehabilitation of men of letters and the Girondins testifies. Then Mme de Staël and Chateaubriand made this practice their own and even turned it against Napoleon in person
St-Pierre, Marc. "Héros chinois, aussi un héros canadien? : étude des représentations canadiennes de Norman Bethune, de sa mort à 1979." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27808.
Full textDragusanu, Adrian. "La commémoration des héros nationaux en Roumanie par le régime communiste de Nicolae Ceausescu (1965-1989)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28597.
Full textTréglodé, Benoît de. "Héros nouveau et combattant d'émulation en République démocratique du Việt Nam : 1948-1964." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0084.
Full textLacaze, Catherine. "Le processus d’héroïsation de Francisco Morazán et ses usages politiques en Amérique Centrale (1842-1942)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20007/document.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on the figure of Francisco Morazán, liberal caudillo of Honduran origin and president for ten years of the Federal Republic of Central America founded in 1824, few years after the independence of the region from the Spanish crown. The process of heroization and its uses are studied mainly through historical books, newspaper articles, political speeches and various "territorial marks". A comparative perspective is developed between the five states that made up the Federation: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. This investigation offers a History of memory recorded in the current of the cultural History of politics: it is not intended to give an "objective" dimension to the figure of Morazán but to identify the symbolic and mythical aspects used to rebuild his image. The analysis aims at understanding in what way the fabric of this Central American hero has supported the legitimacy in power of various governments. The links between the heroic memory and the invention of the nation are here questioned considering that regional identity has remained a frame of reference throughout the study period despite the failure of the various unionist attempts.This work begins with the death of Morazán in 1842, a key episode for his heroization, and ends with the centenary of his death. Three commemorative contexts were defined around which the dissertation has been organized. The first part (1829-1858) tackles the lifetime of the caudillo and his execution to highlight the passage from the historic person to the hero. The first steps of his official heroization occurred at a time qualified as conservative with the repatriation of his remains from Costa Rica to El Salvador and the official burial of his body in the Salvadoran capital. The second part (1880-1892) focuses on the formalization and institutionalization of the heroic cult during the first stage of the so-called liberal era, with the inauguration of the first statues in his honor at San Salvador and Tegucigalpa, the creation of the park "Morazán" in the Costa Rican capital and the celebration of the centenary of his birth that has a major impact in Guatemala. In the third and last part (1921-1942), which takes place during the second phase of the liberal period, the organization of two centenaries is examined: that of the independence of Central America and that of the death of Morazán that results in a multiplication of political uses of his figure
La presente tesis trata de la figura de Francisco Morazán, caudillo liberal de origen hondureño y presidente durante diez años de la República Federal de Centro América, fundada en 1824, algunos años después de la independencia de la región ante la corona española. El proceso de heroización y sus usos son estudiados principalmente a través de obras históricas, artículos de prensa, discursos políticos y diversas “marcas territoriales”. Se desarrolla una perspectiva comparativa entre los cinco Estados que conformaron la Federación: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua y Costa Rica. Esta investigación propone una Historia de la memoria inscrita en la corriente de la Historia cultural de lo político: no se trata de volver a dar una dimensión “objetiva” a Morazán sino de extraer los aspectos simbólicos y míticos que reconstruyeron su imagen. El análisis pretende entender en qué sentido la fabricación del héroe centroamericano permitió sostener la legitimidad en poder de diferentes gobiernos. Los lazos entre la memoria heroica y la invención de la nación están aquí interrogados tomando en cuenta que la escala regional siguió siendo un marco de referencia identitario a lo largo del periodo de estudio, a pesar del fracaso de los diferentes intentos unionistas.Este trabajo empieza con la muerte de Morazán en 1842, episodio clave para su heroización, y se termina con el centenario de ésta. La reflexión se organiza a través de tres contextos conmemorativos definidos para éste propósito. La primera parte (1829-1858) se refiere al periodo de vida del caudillo y a su fusilamiento, con el objetivo de evidenciar la transformación del personaje histórico en héroe. Los primeros pasos de su heroización oficial tienen lugar en una época calificada de conservadora, con la repatriación de sus restos desde Costa Rica hasta El Salvador y la inhumación oficial de su cuerpo en la capital salvadoreña. La segunda parte (1880-1892) abarca la oficialización e institucionalización del culto heroico, durante la primera etapa de la época llamada liberal, con la inauguración de las primeras estatuas en su honor en San Salvador y Tegucigalpa, la creación del parque “Morazán” en la capital costarricense y la celebración del centenario de su nacimiento, el cual tiene un impacto determinante en Guatemala. En la tercera y última parte (1921-1942), que ocurre durante la segunda fase del periodo liberal, examinamos la organización de dos centenarios: el de la independencia de América Central y el de la muerte de Morazán, eventos que dan lugar a una multiplicación de los usos políticos de su figura
Dufraisse, Sylvain. "Les "Héros du sport" : la fabrique de l'élite sportive soviétique (1934-1980)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H093.
Full textIn the mid-1930, the way sports performance changed in the Soviet Union. Since 1934, records and victories became governement goals and Party action. Consequently, these political bodies implemented measures to organize and coordinate the physical preparation of sportsmen. This research aimed to reveal the making of the Soviet sportsmen elite during the longue durée. First, this dissertation analyzes norms that build up the heroic image of sportsmen based on the study of artistic materials, media images and internal sanctions of sports administration. It observes their gradual assimilation by athletes but also how the same athletes accomodate, adopt a sports ethos, in helping them to progress but also in setting up an image of the Soviet man and woman. Finally, it moves to analyze the way in which sports performance became part of physical culture politics and how the sports administration centralized it to create a sports regime, involving gratification, control and carefully planned schedule
Collin, Marc. "Autour de Chénier : les rébellions et la conscience historique canadienne et québécoise." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18150.
Full textCuvelier, Pierre. "Le mythe de Pélops et d'Hippodamie en Grèce ancienne : cultes, images, discours." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT5009/document.
Full textThis is a mythological study concerning mainly two heroic figures of ancient Greece: Pelops and Hippodameia, ancestors of the heroic genos of the Pelopids. In the continuity of the works of Marcel Detienne, Claude Calame or Charles Delattre about the notion of myth, no more considered as an « indigenous category » but as a construct built a posteriori by contemporary scholars, I define, on the basis of the minimal criterias that are the proper nouns of the heroes and their iconographical types, a corpus composed of Greek (and also in some measure Latin) texts and of Greek, Etruscan and Roman figurative works, which I then study systematically in order to find out more precise criterias of unity or discontinuity in the representations of these heroic figures, paying special attention to the great variety of contexts (cults, genres, historical eras) in which they are evoked. I thus study the heroic cults devoted to Pelops and Hippodameia in Olympia, the visual representations of these heroes, and the different forms of speech which mention them, from Homer to Nonnos of Panopolis. I lastly try to provide the main elements for a global study of this corpus in a perspective informed by historical anthropology. If the widest corpus, composed of the mentions of Pelops, has only a limited coherence, several subsets appear more pertinent, mainly that which is formed by the representations of the chariot race that allows the union of two spouses, despite the reluctance of Hippodameia's father, Oinomaos
Le, Mentec Katiana. "Vivre le bouleversement des Trois Gorges : analyse ethnologique des outils d’interprétation et des processus de résilience." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100075.
Full textThis research explores the conceptualization and the experience of the consequences brought about by the Three Gorges Dam (China) construction. Through my fieldwork conducted at the core of the Reservoir, in Yunyang County (Chongqing), I have studied different modalities of interpretation and of resilience developed both by the local population and by the authorities trying to understand and deal with this profound disruption. Through an anthropological point of view, this study analyzes the social perceptions of the Dam, its topographical, ecological, economical and social (forced migration, breaking up of families) consequences. It consider as well the territorial reconfiguration and reconstruction after the rising of the water while the county is being pulled out from its ancient regional administration - Sichuan, and a part of the local population is being forced to leave the county for good. These themes are considered through a specific approach: the analyze of cultural artifacts such as the cults of gods (in particular Zhang Fei, a national hero locally deified), the use of toponyms, concepts, adages, myths, legends, geomancy, or retail of the past. In many ways those ways are interpreted and adapted by the Yunyang people and by its government to “narrate” the upheaval
Lebdiri, Davilla. "La religion dans le roman grec ancien." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010662.
Full textGreek literature is a possible source of information that may enlighten our understanding of the first centuries of the Sophiste era. Born between 100 A.D. and the beginning of the second century in the heart of Hellenic western Greek provinces of the Roman Empire, Greek literature was further developed in the second and third centuries. For a long time, Callirhoé by Chariton, the Ephésiaques by Xenophonof Ephesus, the Pastorales by Longus, Leucippé and Clitophon by Achille Tatius and Ethiopiques by Heliodore were considered as works of art purely Roman and fictional that were far from interesting historians. However, after so much liretary topoi, we can note a social and religious background that corresponds with historical context the writers lived in. Greek literature is interesting as a discource on religious realia. In all these literary works, gods accompany heroes in their adventures : callings, offering, prayers and religious celebrations that mark a daily devotion and piety. Although Greek authors put forward traditional aspects of the Greek religion, they also shed light on Greek society’s evolution and local specialities. This study aims to give a perspective on early Greek cultural practices in order to better understand the era’s typical structural dynamics
Dufief, Pierre-Jean. "Héros et roman de 1870 à 1914." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100151.
Full textThe study of the hero inside the novel from 1870 to 1914 endeavors to trace the perment features that manhood imagine distinctive of the heroic being: we find them in the relations of initiatory ordeals or apotheoses; it shows successive stages in the psychological and sociological characters endowed with the heroes status (the soldier, the business man, the intellectual, the adventurer) the criterionia of heroism change between 1870 and 1914; by turns, weakness and strength, mobility and sedentarity are most worthed. The distinctive features of the hero vary with the course of historical events; the model is too an answer to the adversary: the barbarian who threatens France and its way of life-occidental barbarian: English and German, exotic barbarian from Asia or Africa. Historical leaders as Napoleon or Boulanger do sometimes, appear in the novel. Vales or Zola think that the republican form of government, egalitarian in its roots will remove out of the novel the hero; Barres and Rolland use again the hero as model. The hero becomes fashionable after 1895: this is due to the crisis of humanism in the liberal society; he is then presented as a dictator (Danrit, Mauclair, Barriere), he despises speeches, the world of rational thinking to exalt innate impulses and unconscious forces, belonging to the group and to a race. The survey of the hero in the novel shows the wish to separate or unit litterature and real life. The naturalists charge the hero with immorality; Scwob, France and the symbolist, and Proust after consider that the imaginary world where "heroes made of paper" live in makes up for the failures of a deceiving reality. The principal character of the novel "hero du roman" leads the plot; the plots disappears in the naturalist novel with no main character, Gobineau's Pleiades do not follow a single plot; the unic character is back with symbolists and decadents, with France and his "intellectual" and later with Proust’s narrator
Melchior, Jean-Philippe. "Communisme et culte de la personnalité." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010282.
Full textThe ideological and organised centralisation, carried to its extreme by Stalinism, gave way to a group conciousness among communists who were about to develope exaltation in their collective mission. Rapidly after the taking of power, the organisation transposed the feelings of fascination submission towards the leader into a national scale; until then these feelings had concerned with the militants only. The communist party, the possessor of the supposed true and only thought, exerted its monopolistic power on the society which it was looking to unify around all its values and its historical project. In this goal, the leader should facilitate by his words and his symbolical omnipresence the unification of the social body. The worship of Lenin, inseparable from the search for legitimacy by the new power, and the first greatest soviet ritual, was envisioned as the encounter of the political ambition to strengthen the still fragile regime with some part of the culture before the revolution. The worship of Stalin, ideal pattern of the cult in the communist party, began to take shape from a charismatic image. The individuals, isolated by stalin's totalitarism, were bound to have a single point of reference : an infaillible leader
Combette, Charles. "Héros de bande dessinée : entre présence et absence." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30053.
Full textWhat is a comic book hero? How does it work? Why is it so? These are the three main issues that we intend to cover in the pages of this thesis. This is mainly the study of the relationship between the reader and the hero that will allow us to respond. This relationship, we call identification, it is both recognition and projection. It is in this double movement - the hero to the reader, the reader to the hero - that we find our purpose. Our journey will take us to define the hero so diachronically, but to focus on its origin and historical development (with particular attention to the production and reflections Rodolphe Töpffer) as synchronically by comparing the heroes of other mediums. Defining the hero by identificatory function, we will study it by analyzing the graphic strategies implemented by the authors of comics for it to happen. This will allow us finally to draw aesthetic and ethical conclusions of this operation, and to specify the nature of the experience of the comic. This research will therefore appeal to be completed, tools from various fields such as plastic analysis, semiotics, aesthetics, philosophy, literary studies, etc
Pelet, Michel. "L'interprète du conte traditionnel, héros moderne." Montpellier 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON30018.
Full textMost of my works deal with the accurate study of the heroic individual's characteristics, and with the positive and actual use of the example it offers to an interpreter difined as an active and questioning individual, anabled, thanks to a survey of its imaginary dimension, to pass from a state to another from a lived reality to another reality, lived too, but superior to the former, regarding all its individual and relational dimensions. The traditional tale, in its variety, has progressively and precisely tought me some ways to develop myself, to evolve and to improve myself towards a widely considered positive success. That is the reason why i have trust it, and i have eventually considered it as one of my meditation partners
Masson, Grégoire. "Asclépios/Esculape et Hygie en Gaule et dans les Germanies." Grenoble 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE29022.
Full textThis thesis aims to define all the aspects and realities of Asclepius/Aesculapius and Hygiea's presence in Gaul and Germania, the way in which they were received there and their distinctive characteristics. The inscriptions recorded refer to the God of Healing by his Greek or Latin theonym without any accompanying "native" or local epithet. The god invoked is therefore definitely the Greco-Roman Asclepius/Aesculapius, sometimes associated with other deities (Roman in this case) in Germania. His daughter Hygiea is also mentioned in the inscriptions. 16 men or women, in Gaul and Germania, bear theophorics names based on the theonym Asclepius and 17 on the theonym Hygiea. The inventory of the iconographical sources has led to the creation of a completely new iconographical "corpus". For Asclepius/Aesculapius, a total of 74 monuments and objects has been recorded; for Hygiea, 51 monuments and objects. The detailed thematic cartography compiled from the total number of references found, defines the geographical limits of Asclepius/Aesculapius and Hygiea's cult in Gaul and Germania. As in other regions of the Roman world, Asclepius/Aesculapius was "in competition" with other deities whose activities were linked to healing. The study of the relationship between medicine in Gaul and these deities shows that they were known and honoured by medical practioners and that some of these learned healers believed in the efficiency of the god and his partner in healing occular complaints, as shown by, inter alia, the joint presence of Asclepius/Aesculapius and Hygiea, and colyrium seals
Bouzidi, Jamila. "Vénus en Proconsulaire : l'iconographie et le culte." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040203.
Full textVenus in Proconsularia has an important repertory and a few of shrines. She appears nude or half-draped. This motif has a remarkable diffusion,especially during the third and the fourth century. She is a goddess of pleasure and fertility. .
Bizarro, Luís Miguel Laré. "Astérix et le mythe du héros résistant : entre réalité et fiction." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2810.
Full textEste trabalho tem por objectivo realçar um género, a banda desenhada, cujo estudo tem sido relegado para segundo plano. Para tal, tentámos, aqui, provar a sua importância histórica [estabelecendo uma diferença entre História e história(s)], social e cultural para a sociedade francesa em particular mas também para o mundo em geral. Para tal, estabelecemos um paralelismo directo entre Charles de Gaulle, herói real da segunda guerra mundial - e recentemente eleito o maior francês de sempre -, e Astérix, herói de fantasia, personagem ficcional, resistente à invasão romana e personagem maior da história da banda desenhada em língua francesa. ABSTRACT: The major objective of this work is to underline a genre, comics, whose study has been delayed for so long. In this work, I will try to prove its historical [establishing a difference between History and story(ies)], social and cultural importance to the French society in particular, but to the world also. To do this, I will directly compare, Charles de Gaulle, the second world war hero which has been elected the greatest French ever, to Asterix, fantasy hero, a resistant to the roman invasion and the greatest character of the French literature history.
Laazouzi, Mostafa. "La crise du héros chez Abdarrahman Mounif." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030005.
Full textThe choice of this work had been donne for three essentials reasons. We had appreciated his richnes. This work abound, in fact, of observations, characters and themes. The way how these themes, characters, times, spaces had been exploited and especially the way how the narration had been donne had fasinated us. At last, mounif and his texts wich formed our corpus are very well-known but they arent't much studied so they deserve our interest. In fact the study of this work he had permitted us not only to know better his romantic universe but to see a close his critics opinions and his personal vision also. There-fore this study had gived us an idea of mounif's plan wich he calls it "the new arabic romance contemporary". For the convenience of our analysis, this work had been divided on three chapters. The first consist of analysing the characters through their names, their roles and behaviours in the text. The second had been consecrated to the hero. It is a matter of the intellectual and the simple citizen. Concerning the third chapter, this later had leaded on to somes aspects of handwriting in mounif's work without any accentuation of the personal value of this author contemporary or the esthetic importance of his work
Cherifi, Abdelouahed. "Le héros dans le roman arabe contemporain." Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10075.
Full textFlores-Lonjou, Magalie. "Édifices et lieux de culte en droit français." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D021.
Full textThe separation act of december 1905 did not succeed in unifying the legal system of the cultural buildings. Their juridical status depends either on their geographical situation or on the person who owns them. The majority of them are however governed by public laws. Although the act of worship is private, it is always submitted to the public legal entity through the need to safeguard public order or the various subventions allocated to the places of worship. Given the existing disparities and the various modifications to the separation act, it would be necessary for the different confessions in france to have the same treatment with regard to the places of worship. The recognition of the religious phenomenon should also lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the state and the different confessions
Akkari, Hatem. "Le héros et son double dans la chanson de geste." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040034.
Full textThe double tells the resemblance of two individuals whom it places in a play of mirrors. It is structure around this idea of mirrors. Indeed the double appears in three ways : he can be perfect, imperfect or divergent. The first form reveals a quasi-identity through the various aspects of the physical, moral or social portrait of the twins. However, it is certain that similarities lies in what God did, whereas the differences lie in what men established. The second form is that of univitellin twins or biological brothers, half-brothers, foster brothers and bastards. The imperfect double appears through a division of the identical and the dissimilar between the heroes. The epic brotherhood cannot be equalitarian, otherwise it is likely to be fatal. Illegitimacy is valued, since it brings new blood to a consanguineous fellowship. Lastly, the divergent or complementary double appears within family relationships, in particular filial and avuncular. The nephew devotes himself to his uncle to the point of scarifying his own life to save his uncle's. Is such a gesture, that of a martyr, or a suicidal act? This study has shown that the epic narrative is primarily based on two characters rather than a single one, and that, in the substratum of the majority of the Chanson de Geste, there is a couple, and, through it, a certain concept of the heroic universe. The duality implies the stability of the universe. It constitutes the calling of the hero and his double who act on three levels : family, country and the Eastern world. The double establishes unity, he is there to restore justice, to bring back order in a chaotic world. The double represents search fo the lost unity
Dah, Perpétue Blandine. "Héros et quête identitaire dans le roman africain subsaharien francophone." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST0004.
Full textThe issue of identity is an issue that is topical both constant and evolving as it traverses the history of man. It appears as a major concern in today's world and thus of the African society of today. Recurring theme of sub-saharan African literature in french, through characters torn, suffering from psychological conflicts or crises of identity, it motivates this study who wants to do an investigation on the issue of identy in five African novels. It aims to highlight its literariness and therefore identify issues both semantic and aesthetic at work. Thus, it shows how the organization of strata enunciative that structure works reflect the identity of why battered of how the bruise spreads and lives and strategies for recovery of identity. Organized into three parts, one revealed by analysis immanent, the unveiling of the vacillations of identity from the narrative construction of heroes. S'en follow the narrative course content axiological contradictory, reflecting the d iscrepancies of their Being. The second part refers to a disorientation of the characters in space, base their search for identity. The last axis, with the help of social psychology highlights strategies winbacks identity made by the protagonists. However the search for identity ends in a stalemate because the existential question remains. Total, enrollment of discursive identity invests the text in both content and form and can be read in a singularity in language, itself in search of definition and empowerment. This writing in mutation is typical of many French novels
Brosseau, Michel. "Le héros romanesque célinien face au sens." Angers, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ANGE0005.
Full textThe hero of celine's novels has appeared in a time when there was a crisis of the meaning, understood as a direction and a meaning given to a man's life. Being under the crisis of values after the first world war, and after appearing as a prophet and an atoning victim, the different heroes in celine's novels have nothing to do with heroism. Space, time, relationship and guilt are the foundations of the connection between celine's hero and the meaning. Their analysis enables to make appear a representation of man's life centred on the topic of the fall, which is an indication of guilt and death's fear. Man of the past, the hero of celine's novels shows, as in his social and ideological representations than in his look on history, the essential of the world's romantic vision. Considering himself as a special case in a racial, social and stylistic point of view, condamned to be ununderstood by everybody to become a scapegoat, he hates the materialistic society surrounding him, he condamns a mankind with no ideal, and works on the language's ressources to reenchant the world. If lampoon's writing has been an occasion to overpass celine's pessimism, after the world war two, when he has been desappointed by the defeat of biological racism's mystic, the writing, the ennemy of the face to reality and the means to help hate's propagation is only able to note the impossibility to make sens in a world dominated by fencing
Zoumanigui, Akoye Massa. "L'Epopée de Zébéla Tokpa Pivi : Culture Loma, performance, genres narratifs et non narratifs." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1031.
Full textThis thesis aims at analyzing the collective memory content imbedded in an oral literature speech performance, right from the message transmission to its understanding and preservation. We are to explain how an oral literature speech production and its performance can retitute the Loma cultural values.The epic retraces the history of a former war leader among the Loma people of the Republic of Guinea; a history which still remains a vibrant part of the people's culture in that country. Because it doesn't exist any former written version of the epic, we ensured its transcription into Lɔɠɔmagooh language (a loma variant) and also its translation into French language.Beside the geographical and cultural presentation of the Loma area and people, the real corpus analysis in which we mobilize both performance and rethorics also takes into account the multicoding nature of the social, historical and cultural messages and their reception dynamics. We focus attention on the specific discursive technics of oral literature or tradition which exist in tales and proverbs.However, our work is not just limited to transcription and translation of the epic production. Our analysis shows how oral tradition constitutes an essential dimension of the epic genre whose discursive and referential deepness is the reflection of the artistic and memorial work of the orator
Kantiréa, Maria. "Les dieux et les dieux augustes : le culte impérial en Grèce sous les Julio-claudiens et les Flaviens : études épigraphiques et archéologiques /." Athènes : Paris : Kéntron ellīnikī́s kai rōmaïkī́s archaiótītos, Ethnikón ídryma ereunṓn ; diff. de Boccard, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41224463b.
Full textDufour, Stéphane. "La mise en valeur culturelle des lieux de culte catholique et de leur mobilier liturgique : un paradigme de l'ambivalence culte et culture." Avignon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AVIG1039.
Full textCunha, de Almeida Isabel. "Le héros entre remémoration et oubli : un parcours entre fictions et autofictions artistiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010524.
Full textThis thesis presents a collection of artistic works that exist between fiction and autofiction. It is based on a study of the "hero" between recollection and forgetting. It develops a series of experiments and questions concerning notions of the individual hero and the collective hero, of memory, and the borders between autobiography and autofiction. The artist, the author and the hero form three specific entities that intersect and overlap, and in doing so, question their respective statutes. Thus, the artist, in a game of ubiquities and ambiguities, yields his position as a figure to the author. The individual hero or Z-hero created by the author gives way to the collective hero. Collective memory can create this shared identity of the collective hero, but on what grounds, with wich omissions ? The Artist here provides the documents and the images, but confuses the issue. He brings back the individual memory within a collective history. These different questions and the works that have founded their existence are developed in this thesis in three major moments : the emergence of the hero, his disappearance followed by reappearance, and the artifices of the author
Yao, Kouamé Gérard. "Le mythe du héros dans le théâtre de Sophocle." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083080.
Full textConcerning "The myth of the hero in the theater of Sophocles", this thesis subjects the myth to the test of the theater. So it re-questions the relationship traditionally established between the myth and the tragedy. If, in the epic, the myth was perceived as the word of the age-old origin, restoring the brightness of the divine and heroic actions, to the tragic theater, where the verb is assumed by alive characters in the here and now of the dramatic performance, this myth appeared rather under a substantial shape and a reality. From then on: what authorizes to speak about heroic myth at Sophocles and which are the outlines of the sophoclean heroism? The examination consisted at once in identifying the mythical circles which are the configurations updated by the myth at Sophocles. They are: the fate, the truth and the violence by which the god shows himself. Here the mythical expresses itself in and by the excess of the imperious power passing off on the hero and characterizing his world as a demonic world. The study attempts then to define the relation weaved between the hero and these mythical circles. It is cleanly a question of naming the reaction of the hero in front of what oppresses him. On this matter, the study reveals that the revolt of the hero is followed at once by a movement of reappropriation of the forms of the myth. In the point where, after all, the hero makes body with the violence or the truth or the fate. Finally, the study reconstitutes the Sophoclean creative gesture around the notions of "agôn" and of sacrifice. All in all, the sophoclean heroism is a heroism of the revolt which puts the hero in front of god, in a paradoxical equality
Grosjean, Sophie. "Le culte de Déméter et de Coré à Cyrène." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040182.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study Demeter and Persephone’s singularity at Cyrene. Throught the personnality of the two deities and the rites performed in their honour, we explain how they worship and how original they were. The rapid expansion of their worship in Cyrene and the popular appeal that it raised were due to a prior chtonic goddess of fertility whose personality was strong enough not to be literally swallowed up by the Greek goddess of the colonizers. The Libyan Demeter hides under the mask of a canonical deity, a fantastic green power rooten in the soil and connected to the world of the dead. This is not a simple analogy between two existing cults and cannot occur without a movement of deep faith. The changes undergone by the goddesses of Cyrene existed potentially in the imported deities by the first Cyrenians. But barbaric rituals were introduced to enable them to flourishin Libyan territory. This phenomenon doesn’t merge into a confusion between the characteristics of the Libyan deities and the Greek gods, but rather deities living together and allowing goddesses being richer as they mingle together. Finaly, the contact between the two civilisations did not upset the Greeks and the natives : the Cyrenian Demeter, just like the Libyan deities of fertility, remained totally original even when the syncretism phenomenal took place
Seraïdari, Katerina. "L'éternel présent : légendaire et culte des icônes en Grèce." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA078.
Full textPelizzari, Elisa. "Possession et thérapie : analyse comparée du culte saar, Somalie." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0074.
Full textThis thesis presents some anthropological data concerning a family of spirit possession cults, the saar one (mingis, boorane or sheekh xussen, lumbi, sharax and wadaaddo). These cults are widespread among cushitic-speaking people of somalia, north-eastern kenya and southern ethiopia (somali and oromo) and among the "lowcaste" groups of central somalia (jareer, boon and reer-manyo). The study is centred on the cults origin myths, on the ritual practices and beliefs about spirits (saar or zar), and on possession as an individual experience. In fact, according to local traditions, illnesses and misfortunes are believed to be caused by the saar (or zar). These spirits are appeased ceremonially by specific sacrificial acts. During her inquieres the author has met the leaders who organize the ritual-setting and their patients (still living in their own countries or abroad, in exile)
Simard-Houde, Mélodie. "Le Reporter, médiateur, écrivain et héros : un répertoire culturel (1870-1939)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30012.
Full textReportage, understood as investigative journalism of the written press, was invented in France in the last third of the nineteenth century, not without causing debates and contradictory representations between supporters and opponents. During the interwar period its popularity is at its peak, as reportage presents itself in different media (books, daily and weekly press) and with different relations to news and fictionalization. Reportage therefore appears less like a genre than a matrix of investigative journalism, whose formation and evolution can be traced and generic variations described (such as collective, serialized and news reportages). Linked to the development of the news media, reportage establishes the special correspondent as a mediator, a writer and a hero of modern media culture. The Reporter, as an object of the social imaginary of the Third Republic, is a complex figure, which representations are situated at the crossroads of different productions. These include fictions, press articles (reportages, interviews, obituaries, metadiscourses), Memoirs of journalists, as well as a set of iconographic representations, all of which are drawn upon to define a cultural repertoire of journalistic scenographies, fictional scenarios and authorial positions contributing to the formation of a social imaginary of the reporter, defined both as a publicized figure and a mediator. In the intrigues and stories in which the reporter appears, he meets other social imaginaries – of colonization, of the body, of technical and social progress, of the Nation. These mould the reporter into a Republican figure, closely linked to the development of parliamentary democracy and of freedom of the press, and to modern technology and media. Finally, heir of the French literary journalism, but also associated with new recording techniques (that is, visual media, photography and cinema), the reporter is the pivot between two mediatic imaginaries : one that uses the journalist's subjectivity and the prism of human mediation to account for a worldview ; the other, which will prevail in the second half of the twentieth century, claims to offer an objective grasp of reality, as permitted by the illusion of technical mediation
Danchin, Sebastian. "Earl Hooker (1929-1970) : vie et mort d'un héros du ghetto." Nancy 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NAN21017.
Full textVauthier, Élisabeth. "L'image du héros chez les nouvellistes syriens et israëliens depuis 1967." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040390.
Full textThe comparative study of the image of heroism in literature between two countries in conflict, Syria and Israel, reveals, beyond the description of the person of the fighting man, how the writers consider the conflict, its legitimacy and the ways to find an answer to it
Teysseire, Pascale Gabolde Luc. "Les obélisques égyptiens et le culte solaire dans l'Antiquité classique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rrbteysseire.pdf.
Full textBergeron, David. "Les Templiers et leur procès boucs émissaires ou culte ésotérique? /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008.
Find full textFloc'hlay-Clervoy, Annie. "Place et sens du culte des saints guérisseurs en Bretagne." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M089.
Full textCubillan, Gurmeitte Blanca Luz. "Le mythe et le culte de Maria Lionza au Vénézuéla." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070086.
Full textThis work was based on a study of the culture of queen Maria Lionza, which is very important within the Venezuelan magical-religious manifestations. It is difficult to establish the origins of the myth and cult because of the different existing versions; like those of the aborigine, Hispanic and Black influences that make up the three groups of the Venezuelan population. Ln the creation, as well as in the practice of the myth, we find elements of these three ethnicities that make the cult a phenomenon of acculturation that evidences a syncretism between the ceremonies of official beliefs and rituals of magic beliefs. Currently, the cult has expanded throughout the national territory into the central-west of the country within the principal center known as Montana de Sorte. To Maria Lionza's followers she is the queen of nature and of all the minerals, of all the forests, of aIl the animals, and queen of all men. She is considered the mother of fishes and seeds. It is believed that Maria Lionza is also the Goddess of fertility for the fields and of all women or the Goddess of love and sensuality. The are many beliefs around Maria Lionza. Supernatural beings - that are caIled upon to solve diverse types of problems such as a lack of affection, unemployment, relatives and health - are the pantheon with his "courts". The principal court of the culIt is made up of the "Three potencies": Maria Lionza, the Chief Guaicaipuro (a strong warrior that fought fiercely against the Spanish conquerors) and the Negro Felipe (who is said to have been a rebellious slave). Among the rituals of the cult, the trance of possession is the most important. It is through this manifestation that the divinities and spirits talk to the cult followers. Cult performs the fonction of an attempt to fill the followers' material and spiritual emptiness up. By the worship the followers aim to reaffirm their identities, as human beings and as Venezuelans
Khenchelaoui, Zaïm. "Le mythe et le culte de salomon dans l'espace musulman." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0115.
Full textThis enquiry evaluates the ideas and practices of the myth and the cult of solomon in the muslim world. The first part deals with an analysis of the hagiographic evolution of the "solomon myth" in the bible and the koran in addition to the post-koranic literature represented in both the popular and literary spheres. As an introduction to ethnographical field work, there is a list of the places and countries upon which solomon left an imprint. The second part examines the embodiment of the myth of solomon and its transformation into cultural practices. Through three field work sites the study surveys the socio-cultural construction of "solomonic space" : 1. The 'throne of solomon' at osh (kirghizistan former ussr), 2. The 'solomon bath' at hammam melouane (algeria), and 3. 'the flags of salomon among the yezidis' (upper syria and, by extension, of kurdistan) this field work brings the question centers analytically on the ritual aspects of these shrines the last part of the study seeks to answer the question of solomon's identity. Going back to the koran this research elicits the prophetic dimension of solomon to reexamine solomon's multi-cultural significance in the islamic tradition
Bergeron, David. "Les Templiers et leur procès : boucs émissaires ou culte ésotérique?" Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2008. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5218.
Full textPouzol, Camille. "Ernesto Che Guevara et le Neuvième art (1968-2012) : l’étoffe d’un héros." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040167.
Full textThis dissertation considers the representation of Ernesto Che Guevara as constructed by the Ninth Art, thus revealing the perceptions of the authors and the perception of their respective societies. Our main corpus is composed of nine works originating from diverse backgrounds, Vida del Che by H. G. Oesterheld, A. and E. Breccia (1968); P. Muriana’s trilogy : CHE – Génesis, CHE – Cenit (1977) and CHE – Ocaso (1978) ; ABChé by Rius (1978) ; Libertad ! Che Guevara (2006) by M., J. F. Charles and Wozniak ; CHE by K. Yong-Hwe (2006) ; LE CHE – Une icône révolutionnaire by S. Rodriguez (2008) and EL CHE – La victoire ou la mort by G. Ramella and S. Cattaneo (2012). Our analysis is divided into three parts and postulates that graphic novels contribute to the elaboration of a Guevarist imaginary by sharing several narrative and visual similarities. A first part is dedicated to the presentation of the large corpus and the secondary corpus in order to grasp the specificities of each graphic novel. Then we address the first phase of the upward heroic actantial model from the birth of the guerrillero to the heroic epiphany. To finish with, our last part tackles the downward phase of the actantial model from the break up to the post mortem process of becoming of Ernesto Che Guevara. Each album’s specificities appear in an analysis of the specific language at stake in the graphic novel, a language which, through its iconic and linguistic hybridity, modernizes the representation of Ernesto Che Guevara. Therefore, the Ninth Art is in line with the tradition of the writing of heroic lives, inherited from Antiquity and Christianity; the Ninth Art also delves into the writing of History
Rakotondrasoa, Lala Modeste. "Héros en quête de l'humain : transformation des contes et récits héroïques malgaches." Paris, INALCO, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INAL0011.
Full textThe research is a structural synthesis of the main texts Malagasy mythology, especially the three heroic narrations of Papangofitoloha, Tsimamangafalahy and Iboniamasiboniamanoro. Because the analysis is mainly structural, the concerned time only has a relative importance. The starting point is a tale of the coastal vezo, Papangofitoloha. This tale, always narrated currently during the vigils, seem extremely steady, that seems to indicate that the text reached a structural balance. If the tale of Papangofitoloha only covers a small part of the coastal vezo, demonstrating the weariness of its impetus, another tale, the one of Ampelamananisa or Girl-Of-Water, meet in all the island, demonstrates the vigor of the impetus that is to its basis. This tale is in full structural transformation in our optics. From there, the analysis passes to a tale that seems more or less steady and hence more developed ; this narration is the one of Tsimamangafalahy ; it can be seen partially in the bara area. While pursuing the analysis of the particular structure of this narration, we arrive to an intersection : a direction makes the tale of Ibonia go back up and go northwards while another one continues in the Bara area, ends up arriving on the masikoro area to lose its impetus on the coastal vezo with the tale of Papangofitoloha. The thesis tried to demonstrate the relevance of a method consisting in considering the structure of the narrations ond to isolate the elements that permit to pass from a narration to another
Theophilopoulou, Calliope-Catherine. "Figures du héros antique dans le roman médiéval : didactisme et œuvre romanesque." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO29999.
Full textMyths, as well as their dominant figures, heroes, have attracted people throughout time. Since their first days of existence, people turned to them whenever they were needed. Medieval people were an eloquent example. Therefore, references to those narrations which managed to survive through time, as well as to those heroes were frequent. At first, those references existed simply because nobody was able to object to or turn down these references. They were auctoritas which referred to real events. The authors of this era were not asked to create, but to pass them on to the illiterate. Furthermore, they possess a formating role. They constitute questioneless archetypal models. Medieval people also resort to those narrations so that they are able to determine their behavior or adapt an attitude appropriate to their origin, their gender and their age. In addition, reference to particular incidents intends to instruct them or prevent them by means of exposing the harmful results of an incompatible behavior with the laws of society or nature.Finally, writers refer to stories regarding ancient heroes because they realize that it is the optimal way to get through their message.The fact that they promote the model of the perfect leader, contributes to consolidation of aristocracy at a time when the class seems to be threatened by a new rising class, the bourgeoisie. Furthermore, they take the opportunity of inculcating their aspirations in an effort to form a better society. So according to them, the perfect lord should be generous, wise and educated, able to handle his fief wisely, in harmony. On the other hand, we acknowledge the authors’ contribution to the formation of society. Even if they are not members of the class of knights, they also contribute to the suitable management of society by the means of their knowledge
Benakli, Nathalie. "Le héros et son contexte dans l'oeuvre de Raymond Chandler et celle de Dashiell Hammett." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030035.
Full textThe image of the hard-boiled detective is very different from the one of the classical detective story protagonist. Dashiell hammett founded the hard-boiled tradition, creating professional detectives as well as non-detective heroes. Raymond chandler followed him with his unique private-eye character. From that rises the archetype of the "tough guy", the modern knight and his (in) quest. Some biographical landmarks are given in relation with the characterization of the hero. There is also the context of narration ; the works of gerard genette are the main methodological reference for its analysis. Language is seen as the privileged weapon of the hero, then from the angle of humor and slang. The novels adaptations for the screen are briefly examined. The third part depicts the setting (urban and rural) and the human context (the different social classes and ethnies with whom the hero is confronted). Moreover, the private detective has to deal with three kinds of women and he experiences an ambiguous relationship with men. The symbolic aspect of violence is then studied. At last the question of ideology is posed in order to understand how the myth of the tough guy can be applied to the image of the detective created by hammett and chandler
Handaj, Abdellah. "Le héros tragique dans les oeuvres majeures d'Ernest Hemingway." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21019.
Full textThis dissertation aims at studying the Hemingwayian hero's tragic vision of life. The major works we will be dealing with are The Sun also Rises (1926), A Farewell to Arms (1929), To Have and Have Not (1937), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), Across the River and into the Trees (1950), and The Old Man and the Sea (1952). First and foremost, we will analyse the role of death in Hemingway's fiction, because his heroes are often haunted by this theme. Love, which pervades most of his fiction, as a cause of -- or as a remedy for -- his characters' tragic experience, as well as the physical and psychological wounds at the basis of their tragic vision of life, will be analysed. The different ways through which the Hemingwayian heroes manage to survive in a hostile world will also be discussed. We will deal chronologically with the novels in order to see whether an evolution in the writer's vision can be detected. Since Hemingway himself received serious physical and psychological wounds, (the traumas relating to his childhood within a puritanical family, the shock caused by his war experience and his father's suicide), our purpose is to see whether there exists an interaction between his private life, which seems, on the surface, both exciting and hectic, and his fictional world. The fact that writing was not only a means through which Hemingway longed to attain 'immortality', but was also a remedy for him to ward off his feelings of nada will be emphasised and we will therefore also try to see whether, when the writer realised that he was no longer able to be the legendary figure he used to be, this remedy, which had enabled him to survive so far, was still powerful enough to save him from total despair
Veluppillai, Uthaya. "Cikali : hymnes, héros, histoire. Rayonnement d'un lieu saint shivaïte au Pays Tamoul." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030051/document.
Full textCıkali is the most celebrated temple in the Tevaram, a corpus of Shaiva bhakti poems composed in Tamil inthe second half of the first millennium : 71 hymns are dedicated to it. The birth place of Campantar, one of thethree authors of the Tevaram, Cıkali has been praised, according to tradition, under 12 names.Our monographic study deals with the religious history of the Cıkali temple which has never been studiedalthought it is a highly traditional place for Tamil bhakti texts. Our sources are three corpuses of different genresand periods which highlight the continuous spread of this site : the Tevaram corpus on Cıkali (part i), which canbe dated in the viith-ixth centuries, the hagiographical corpus on Campantar (part ii) attributed to poets of thexith-xiith centuries, and the unpublished epigraphical corpus of the Cıkali temple (part iii) from the xiith to thexvith century.. On the basis of our archaeological approach of these sources, we reconstruct the history of the Cıkali temple.Further, we propose a historical study of the Tevaram on Cıkali, we investigate the history of the child Campantar’slegend and we edit the epigraphical corpus of this localy spread site