Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et le tragique'
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Riffaud, Alain. "L'espace tragique. Recherche sur le tragique, et son expression poetique et dramatique." Paris 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030005.
Full textLessard, Marc. "Hölderlin et le tragique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61353.pdf.
Full textLessard, Marc. "Hölderlin et le tragique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66123.
Full textYazdani, Zenouz Khosrow. "La vision tragique du monde chez les Grecs : (Homère, les tragiques et Platon)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010529/document.
Full textThis work proposes to examine the tragic vision of the Greeks, going back to its origins, i.e. Homer, in order to see how it is maintained, intensifies, and even finds itself abandoned (in Aeschyluses work or in Sophocleses one). Then we'II see how this vision was completely defeated by Plato's soteriological theology. The tragic vision is a religious vision, structured by the hierarchy of the Fates -Those of the gods, heroes, living men, and the inhabitants of Hades. Between the race of gods and that of humans there is an abyss: the gods are not mortal and humans are not immortal. The constant meddling of the gods in the affairs of humans most often results in suffering, unhappiness, and death. The world after death is a place where souls reside, that of shadows, unconscious of their own existence and the existence of others. At the heart of this vision, man is not fee and does not choose; he is not responsible for his acts and does not deserve what he undergoes. If one suppresses one of these four fundamental beliefs, or if one assists in a decision 111ade by a good, fair, or compassionate god, one cannot speak of tragic vision. Therefore, this work focuses essentially on the texts where it is expressed in all of its purity: Homer (The Iliad), Aeschylus (The Persians), and Sophocles (The Trachiniae, Ajax, Antigone, and Oedipus the King). Particular attention is given to the words that translate it. But a different vision opposes from the Odyssey and Oresteia, an anti-tragic vision which finds its form completed in the religion of Plato. The last part of this work strives to bring out the principal points. Plato assesses that there exists in man an element of divine and immortal nature, hence the substitution of a theology of deliverance and the assimilation to the divine with a theology of separation. The sage replaces the hero, it is no longer the glorious death that is a “beautiful death" and which must be chanted, it is that of Socrates, the servant of Apollo. According to this philosophico-religious thought, man is fee, he makes choices, and he is responsible, and thus deserves from this time forward the punishments and rewards that are in store for him. Furthermore, Platonic theology is fundamentally a theodicy: the gods can only be good, the origin of evil resides in the two souls of the World: the good and the bad. The message of tragic theology is the resignation to the mystery. Plato takes on as a divine mission moving the soul towards salvation, and with this anti-tragic, he creates a different link between the gods, the sages, men, destiny, the afterlife and the psyche
Assaël, Jacqueline. "Euripide, philosophe et poète tragique." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602416b.
Full textAssaël, Jacqueline. "Euripide, philosophe et poète tragique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10062.
Full textIn greece, at the time of euripides many philosophical traditions were taking shape. The poet knew all the thinkers of the time personally, but did not restrict himself to any particular doctrine. Yet we find numerous allusions to the topics debated in contemporary athens in his work. These characteristic passages show how interested euripides was in philosophy. Moreover this aspiration for knowledge is evident through out his dramatical works. In an original manner euripides seems to view poetic creation as a means of asking, and providing answers to very fundamental questions. Poetry thus expresses and indeed becomes a philosophy of life
Boch, Anne-Laure. "Médecine technique, médecine tragique : le tragique, sens et destin de la médecine moderne." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MARN0284.
Full textRowning achievement of a civilization born of and for science, modern medicine is dedicated to technique. It owes its power and success to technoscience in which it finds its origin. The first part of this dissertation will be devoted to the study of the relationship between modern medicine and technoscience. We shall discuss whether the future of medicine is inevitably bound to technique or whether alternatives to this monolithic evolution exist. Further analysis will deal with the consequences of the “technization” of medicine and the tragic value conflicts it entails. Drawing from Scheler, Nietzsche and Hegel, we shall aim to give a definition of the phenomenon of the tragic and the forms it takes within the context of medicine. Pascal’s reading will finally be called upon to ground our thesis of the tragic sense of technical medicine: a superior order in which contradictions are not abolished but brought to light and consciously accepted
Ndongo, Onono Côme Télesphore. "Chester Himes, écrivain tragique." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUEL629.
Full text"Chester Himes (1909-1984), a tragic writer" is an effort to analyse the tragedy described by Himes in his work. It has three parts. The first part opens with the framework of Himes's difficult life from America to his exile in France and Spain where he died in 1984. Then, I introduce his sixteen novels of our research area. The second part is a study of his oral literature, the monstrosity of the American cities and characters, the style announcing the tragedy (metaphor, proverb, analepsis, prolepsis). The third part is an effort to analyse thirty tragic themes, such as fear, flight, the absurdity of life, violence, the fate of Himes's heroes. "Chester Himes, a tragic writer" ends with Himes's idea of being a Black man, and his project of an unavoidable revolution in America
Ankaoua, Fabienne. "Le tragique de l'être." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA070028.
Full textThe tragical idea used to belong to the greek field, with the tragedian plays from Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, witch certainly derived from the poetic and religious traditions of ancient greece. In the « ethics of psychoanalysis », Lacan, following Freud's researchs, professes a complex mission to explore an ethical territory commensurate with the interests of scanning the entire field from a philosophical and ontological perspective. His seminar, focused on antigone, exposes the human action, in its relationship of desire, who leads the tragic hero to realize himself shaping a tragic action. This problematic will be expanded to the biblical world, with the first Israel's king, Shaul, to show the ethical and the tragic of human nature. Ethicals and aestetics principles, will be inquiried trought tragedy's esthetical. Lacan upholds the primacy of language in human destiny, since the reception of the divinely given tables of the law. Language from then on structures our desires: language comprises the symbolic order. We become human seings, the law makes us «parle-etre», speaking seings. Freud teached that « under » the life instincts there was a death instinct. This unconscious wish to die, represented an urge inherent in all living things to return to a state of calm, of non-existence. The thematic, conducted by Lacan, concerns of Antigone and Shaûl, seems to keep covenant with freud's declarations in beyond the pleasure principle. However, we wish to add some more insights, argued by philosopher Levinas. He claims an ethics of inescapable responsibility for the other, proposes the face of the other as the central « ethical experience »
Bauduceau-Cros, Nathalie. "L'empereur et le tragique : interactions du tragique et de la politique dans les relations de Sénèque et Néron." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100117.
Full textAlthough drama is regarded as essential in the analysis and condemnation of Nero's tyrannical acts, it is often considered as having little influence on Seneca's political activity and historical role. This study examines to what extent the relations between Seneca and Nero exemplify the close connection between tragedy and politics. The first part deals with the origin and evolution of the bond between the emperor and the philosopher : beyond their increasing divergences, Seneca and Nero definitely share a strong liking for drama, and especially tragedy. The second part investigates the category of tragic prince, in which Nero may seem to be defined, and the contribution of senecan tragedies, which renew and enrich a tradition of political drama inherited from the Republic. Finally, the third part studies what Seneca's tragedies provide to the reflection about the reign of Nero, and the dark side of absolute power
Guyot, Sylvaine. "Jean Racine et le corps tragique." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030135.
Full textThe tragic body in Racinian tragedy appears to be an object of study that is both paradoxical and obvious. Obvious since theatre is par excellence an art of the body and yet paradoxical because Racinian tragedies are typically known for their de-emphasis of the body’s presence both as a point of focus and as a means of expression. This study seeks to address this neglected topic by challenging the conventional notion that classicism was fundamentally detached, harmonious and universal. To study the tragic body is to undertake a cultural history since the body is a social fact whose practices, values and representations are determined by the society of which it is a part. At the crossroads of a number of areas – politics, moral and scientific anthropology, elite civility, oratory arts and aesthetic trends – the Racinian body puts into play the fundamental values of seventeenth-century society. Far from being a simple reflection of reality, Racinian tragedy is a space of conflict that probes the very foundations of social imagery, in that it dramatizes the fissures inherent in institutions. Tragedy during the reign of Louis XIV serves as a fruitful avenue of inquiry. It is contemporaneous with absolutism and thereby amply imbued with power. Of Aristotlean inspiration, it also draws upon the polemical relationship between dignity and weakness in order to call forth intense emotions. And with the emergence of the field of literature, tragedy is above all concerned with pleasing. Dramatist in this gallant century, Racine explores the forms of the body to the extent of touching his audiences. His analysis allows one equally to observe the transformations in the theatrical aesthetic. Cultural, critical and aesthetic bodies : the physical body in Racine’s tragedies offers a point of entry to examine the history of the theater, of manners, of taste and of emotions
Chantre, Benoît. "Charles Péguy : un style tragique." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100124.
Full textPascal's three categories (that of body, spirit and charity), frequently studied by Peguy, are at the origin of the radical changes in his thought and writing : that is the postulate of this thesis, based on a careful analysis of the middle period of his work, in the years between 1905 and 1909. Founded on a "rythmanalysis" - the minute dissection of the different "strata" of the writing - the present study tries to demonstrate that Peguy, on the basis of the famous categories of pascal, contrived a combinative art, a method of rea- ding and writing which is both the source and theoretical basis of the repetition on which his style reposes. It is a tragic style, for repetition signifies effacement, in pathetic writing which resists all classification, somewhere between heroism and sanctity, between "race" and "grace"
Bousiopoulou, Efthalia. "Personne tragique-personnage tragique dans les écritures dramatiques contemporaines en France et en Grèce." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H018.
Full textContemporary playwriting turns often towards the tragic Greek myth as source of inspiration.However, the concept of “the tragic” is far from being evident, sometimes understood in anexistential meaning, tightly attached to the German philosophical thought who has given it birth,sometimes in an esthetic meaning, as a result of its close relation to the genre of tragedy. Thepresent study examines the concept of tragic in contemporary plays of different origin: moreprecisely, we study twelve plays, French and Greek, that cover the second half of the twentiethcentury in the broadest sense, characterized by the use of the tragic myth or of tragic motifs. Ourapproach is based on two axes: on one hand we examine the notion of character, a fundamentalelement of a dramatic work, in his becoming tragic. In this way and according to the two phasesof what we call “the tragic movement”, the character, after passing from the identity to the alterityof self, he then “chooses” himself as a finite being, or, in other words, as a being “inscribed indeath”; finally, he arrives at the point of transcendence of his own finitude. On the other hand, weexamine the notion of the tragic person, namely the conception of the “real” human, as it isformulated on the basis of the tragic hero, by the reader/spectator. The meaning of the tragicperson lies in a passage from the ordinary world to a “new reality”, where the becoming of thehuman being and the openness to the Other dominates. In this context, the spectator experiencesthe catharsis that can be identified with the “tragic joy”
Maurouard, Elvire. "Le tragique haïtien entre roman et théâtre." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA084219.
Full textEksen, Kerem. "La faute tragique et la morale augustinienne." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100026.
Full textThe aim of the present thesis is to reconsider the notion of “tragic error” from a philosophical perspective and with special reference to the thought of Augustine. Our starting-point has been the differences between the ways in which, on the one hand the classical Greek tragedians, and on the other the critics and dramatists of seventeenth and eighteenth centuries problematized human action. While Greek tragedy was based on what we have called an “objective” notion of error (focusing mainly on the objective changes that a given action creates in the universe), the Renaissance and post-Renaissance mentality adopted a “subject-centered” standpoint and a “subjective” notion of error (laying emphasis on the conditions and qualities of the agent of an act). Augustine is the main figure of our project, since his work sheds light on the shift from an “objective” conception of error to a “subjective” one. On the basis of this idea, we presented the two major dimensions of Augustine’s ethical theory: On the one hand, we focused on the “subjective” aspects of Augustine’s theory of sin, in order to see how he defines sin on an individual basis; and on the other hand, we studied the “objective” aspects of his theory, in order to see how Augustine relates the experience of error to an “objective” condition of fallibility. We have argued that these two aspects of Augustine’s thought lie at the basis of Renaissance tragedy and that, in this sense, tragic poets like Racine and Shakespeare are post-Augustinian
Nagamori, Katsuya. "La politique et le tragique chez Racine." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040170.
Full textThe katharsis, interpreted as appeasement of violent passions, is realized in racinian tragedy, through the return of the pathos (the anormal, unreflecting state of mind) to the ethos (the habitual state of mind which supposes, in the characters who are by definition noble, the sense of honor and of responsibility). In extrapolating the meaning of the Aristotelian recognition (the discovery of an identity), we can say that the tragic action in Racine is based on the illusion and the disillusion (the recognition) of the protagonist and that the racinian tragedy can be then qualified as complex. Racine satisfies in this way the condition of the tragedy of plot (keeping the suspense till the last) as well as that of the tragedy of character (psychological depiction of the protagonist). The importance given to the ignorance and to the blindness of the characters is advantageous to the dramatic irony and the spectator is invited to attain to a higher stage of the knowledge that is the very goal of the Aristotelian mimesis
Balazut, Joël. "L'impensé de Heidegger et l'essence du tragique." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20103.
Full textThis thesis try to disclose a hidden signification in Heidegger’s thought. We think that the true meaning of this philosophy can be disclose in his interpretation of early Greek philosophy, Greek tragedy and also Hölderlin poetry. Then, it appears that the word “phusis” is the name for being, and that the notion of Dasein must be understood according to Greek tragedy. We call “the tragic” what is showed in tragedy. And, our thesis is that “the tragic” disclose not only the meaning of the notion of Dasein, but also the original meaning of being. This hidden meaning in Heidegger’s thought is yet secretly present in the first development of his work since Sein und Zeit. In the mean time this sense of Heidegger’s thought don’t appears clearly cause of his ambiguity concerning the question of god
Ksibi, Abdenaïm. "Lors de “tant de troubles et d’orages” : Montaigne entre tragique, altérité et liberté." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUEL030.
Full textThe undertaking of writing the Essays originally lies in the impossibility to speak with the dead friend, Etienne de la Boétie. But the confinement of this thought belonging to no particular metaphysical, the Essays will end up in an impasse. Hence the prevailing tragic from the first chapters. Whence then this escape towards others. Along the way, we will discover that the gaping chasm of alterity really lies elsewhere. Indeed, besides the enigma of human otherness, animals or even our inherent monstrosity, the Essays are, undoubtedly, the true otherness. This is indeed liberty deploying itself in these times of turmoil of the civil wars in vertiginous meanders that forged the thought of Michel de Montaigne. Therefore we will try to examine in the last part the reasons of this discard strategies. Finally, Montaigne, after all the disappointments he went through, will oppose liberty, even casualness, to the setbacks of the precariousness of life
Anthonioz, Anne-Marie. "Houdar de La Motte : auteur tragique." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040039.
Full textHoudar de La Motte is a well-known poet in the french literature by fables, odes and the translation of the Iliade that boosted up again "la querelle des Anciens et des modernes" in the years 1714-1715. He is less known as a tragic dramatist, nevertheless, he wrote four tragedies which were successsfull : les Macchabées (1721), Romulus (1722), Ines de Castro (1723) and Oedipe (1726). We have drawn a portrait of la Motte, pointing out the most important steps of his life, his carreer and his work. In parallel of his tragedies, he wrote some "discours" in which he formed new theories about dramatic art and he proposed, in the same way, some important reforms as writing a new tragedy in prose form. We have studied the arrangement of the tragedies, their sources, the different classes of characters and the political, moral or sentimental and religious themes. All theses themes, as we know, have given the touch of brightness and interest to the dramatic art of this century, a study of the poet's style completes this work. Our point was to promote this author unfairly forgotten, using a new sensibility and more pathetism, Houdar de La Motte gave the new way to the tragedy and by this fact he may be recognized as a forerunner of the romanticists
Abo, Shana Hayder. "Montherlant tragique : construction et déconstruction du texte dramatique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20005.
Full textHenry de Montherlant was a prolific writer for more than fifty years. His attitude and his provocative positions have entailed a confusion on his writing. His behaviour and the diversity of his work, from which it is impossible to extract one clear moral has aroused interests from the critics. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the author’s dramaturgy to determine one precise meaning.Writing play grounded on dialogue was an opportunity for Montherlant to establish and comfort his rank as a writer, an artist who only cares for his words. His method consisted in creating specific style which helped him to avoid criticism. In fact, the purpose is to affirm and contradict, to do and undo, to construct and deconstruct his words in the text. Our study reveals this ambiguous but necessary movement for the literary work, through the essential elements of the dramatic text. We can infer from the text of Montherlant that there is only one truth : everything which is built is intended for the endless destruction. Nothing is stable in this theatre, everything goes away and everything is doomed for emptiness. This style becomes a leading principle that drives the author’s writing logically and inevitably to a tragic dimension. Thus writing on nothing, on emptiness and on tragic, is a way for Montherlant to escape from the melancholy of non writing. From this point of view, the author’s personal quest is to seek, relentlessly, his literary identity, always gravitating in the circle of literature because: “you have to scarify everything to be able to keep on expressing yourself”. The author wants to reach a very precise goal which is to be true to himself as an artist : “I will deny myself to find me, I will destroy myself to reach me”
Oumaziz, Hadj-Arab Nadia. "Le tragique dans l'œuvre de Jean-Pierre Millecam." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040176.
Full textBoillet, Etienne. "Le dualisme tragique de Tommaso Landolfi." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Boillet-Etienne/2008-Boillet-Etienne-These.pdf.
Full textThis thesis proposes a global interpretation of Tommaso Landolfi's work in prose. This work is for us the fruit of a tragic dualism, in the sense that the desire of absolute of the writer, as well as his contempt to what he calls the "reality" (by opposition to the "possible"), collide with the painful feeling that the wished ideal is impossible to reach. So the landolfian work in general establishes a literary space where grows a tragic dimension, which however never overcomes the deep attachment linking to the world of words an author of whom we shall retain, more than the image of a solitary dandy or of an inveterate player, the fact that he has never wanted to practice any profession outside his literary activities (of writer, translator, or critic). While placing Landolfi in the literary history of the XXth century, we apply the interpretative key of the tragic dualism to the analysis of his literary influences, the evolution of his work, the autobiographical dimension of his books, the specificity of his fantasy, the images which obsess his imagination, the structures of his moral or metaphysical thought, and certain other characteristics of stylistic or esthetic order
Licha-Zinck, Alexandra. "La vertu de l'héroïne tragique (1553-1653)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040079.
Full textIn plays, feminine virtue appears in the words and actions of the heroine : they give a definition of her tragic "ethos" more than they illustrate the traditional moral categories. Therefore, this virtue represents a dramatic and aesthetic object shaped by, and for, the tragic "mimesis". This female character, from the humanist tragedy by Jodelle to the palys bu Corneille during the insurrection of the Fronde, probably reveals an ideology belonging to each literary period. But virtue, redefined by the thoereticians, allows the dramatic creation of the character, especially when the theatrical pleasure and dramatic constraints are more important than the wish for moral instruction and the illustration of a coherent moral speech established by tradition. Being a dramatic object, virtue must be shown ; this challenge, consisting in showing moral perfection which is by definition less scenic than passions, implies an aesthetic coding for the representation. This feminine virtue would then become the idealized, mimetic -according to the definition given by Aristotles- representation of of the ethics of a society. The notion of virtue appears trough the female character in its diferent traditional aspects which are often opposed and mixed : Christian and stoïcal, heroic and moral, male and female, active and passive. As with the passions, this notion of virtue would have been turned into play material by tragic playwrights, sometimes to the detriment of the philosophical and moral virtues. Virtue itself would then become a passion like any other in stage in order to create tragic pleasure
Bouhouch, Souad. "L'esthétique du tragique chez Madame de Staël." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0155.
Full textThis study is devoted to the tragic in love staëliennes fictions. The noble heroes engaged in a futile struggle against fate, knowing they will die. Their ambivalence prevents any living individual fulfillment in a society that lives a huge social failure, moral and political. Precarious lived happiness is followed by silence, the absence and the feeling of a deadly guilt in a space and a time initially tragic. The tragic subject undermines his moral and intellectual qualities. Lucid, powerless before the tragic knowledge, disillusioned about love and life, this being accomplished his tragic role: sacrifice and disappear. His renunciation gives a moving and sublime effect. Staël denounces the tragic through the crimes of the Revolution, the tyranny of Napoleon. Human suffering can be improved. The tragic staëlien gives an aesthetic lesson: the truth is in moral freedom and beauty of the soul
Reina, Li Crapi Vincenzo. "Temps et conscience religieuse dans le théâtre tragique (1590-1640)." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0012.
Full textSince its origin, Tragedy has been one of the literary genres which have most clearly influenced the ideas of time that a civilization could have. Firstly, from a formai point of view, due to the Tact that the length of the story, which is being represented, must fit the time requirements of the duration of the play – i. E. The main issue of theoretical debates of XVI and XVII centuries regarding the dramatization of time in order to make the play vraisemblable. After the discovery of Aristotle's Poetics and the Italian commentaries on this text, the theoretical discussion has become extremely relevant, and the suggested solutions have played a major role in the creation of the masterpieces of the Elizabethan theatre, the Baroque Spanish theatre and the Classical French theatre. Certainly, the respect or not of the "Unit of time" nuances the conception of time that the play will spread. Consequently, studying the reasons and the methodology of the dramatization of time is essential for the interpretation of any play (part I of the Thesis). Moreover, the analysis of plays from a temporal perspective (part II and III of the Thesis) allows to reveal the ideas of man and the ethical foundations of his actions inside the studied mentalities. Therefore, this study proposes a redefinition of the role of these plays in the context of the Christian civilization in which they were originated, by means of analysing the world views and conceptions of the History which these plays convey
Bégot, Jacques-Olivier. "Philosophies du tragique, allégories de la tragédie : critiques de l'interprétation spéculative du tragique en marge de l'idéalisme allemand (Hölderlin, Nietzsche, Benjamin)." Paris 12, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA120037.
Full textPaula, Maria de Fátima Melo Fernandes de. "Tragique et temporalité chez Racine : les exemples D'Andromaque et de Bajazet." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6815.
Full textMarquier-Morvan, Myriam. "Descartes, Pascal et Spinoza et la question de l'effacement du tragique." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040217.
Full textAlthough they are not enclosed in tragedy, the works of Descartes, Pascal and Spinoza give various approaches and solutions to it. Theses answers not only vary according to the authors, but differ from book to book as well. They all give an alternative to the aristotelician "catharsis", that old and canonical definition of tragedy still in use in french classical theater. In stark contrast with an obscure and questionable catharsis, this philosophical dispelling, effacing and overtaking of tragedy do not depend on theater anymore, but rely either on reason or faith
Tsoni, Evangelia. "Tragique et comique dans la psychanalyse : questions de poétique." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084026.
Full text"La vie n'est pas tragique, elle est comique et c'est pourtant assez curieux que Freud n'ait rien trouvé de mieux que de désigner du complexe d’Œdipe , c'est-à-dire d'une tragédie, ce dont il s'agissait dans l'affaire", remarque Lacan au cours des toutes dernières années de son Séminaire [le séminaire de Lacan] en expliquant hermétiquement que "ce qui dans le sexuel importe, c'est le comique". C'est cette phrase qu'on place au cœur de notre travail, essayant de cerner le passage que Lacan propose du registre tragique, prévalent chez Freud, à un autre registre assez proche de l'écriture et de la scène comique. Nous avons ainsi l'intention de questionner les liens de la poétique et de la psychanalyse. C'est bien connu que la psychanalyse naît d'une méthode tragique, la catharsis, et se fonde sur des complexes incarnés par Œdipe le tragique. Selon les directives freudiennes, elle se développe avec le concours de processus mis en actes au théâtre et à l'ombre de la dimension dramatique de la scène humaine : l'autre scène du fantasme, l'amour et la mort. Lacan explique pour sa part que l'analyste met au cœur de son discours le symbole par excellence de la comédie antique, c'est-à-dire le phallus. Il met en œuvre une éthique de l'acte et du désir caractéristique d'une héroïne tragique qu'il va enrichir qu'il va enrichir à la fin par l'éthique du bien-dire dont le "rire du saint" et le "gay sçavoir" font partie. Or, rappelons que la psychanalyse implique dès sa naissance l'avènement d'une poétique : elle ramène à un travail d'écriture et reporte toute son attention sur la qualité littéraire des mots et sur la prestation théâtrale des symptômes du névrosé - ce "théâtre privé de l'hystérique", "de cet indiscutable poète", selon le père la psychanalyse
Kim, Kyōñ-Mi. "Passions et idees morales dans l'oeuvre tragique de campistron." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR20051.
Full textThe question of passions being an essential field to the reflection of the moralists and the dramatics poets - the tragics particularly - of the seventeenth century, their vision is con- ceived somehow or other according to the eyesight of the contem- poraries. In this way we see that there is in the seventeenth century two main evolutions of the moral notions. The one is certified about 1650 - 60 by the change of moral circumstance, from exaltation of the beauty of human soul to denouncement of the corrup human nature. And this evolution is followed to another in the end of the century, that has a character of rational opti- mism which contains the natural moral. If we certify the first evolution of the century in the ruin of the notion of beautiful humanity and noble passion from the plays of corneille to the plays of racine, the tragedy of a successor of the two great playwriters permits us to understand the second by new moral, political and social idea that it represents : the tragedy of campistron. Our purpose consists in exploring in the tragedy of cam- pistron the question of passions and, across that, a system of moral notions, and in comparing them with those of the precedent playwriters, especially of corneille and racine. This reserach founded on a historical method will enlighten a mass of notions that debated the french society in mouvement in the hinge of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Chatzipetrou, Sofia. "Conscience tragique grecque et conscience humaniste chez Albert Camus." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030144.
Full textThis thesis examines Albert Camus’ work, both fictional and dramatic, in its reception of conscience’s primary concepts as introduced by the Greek tragedy. The point is to find out how these concepts are received, transformed and finally incorporated in Camus’ literary and philosophic world.Conscience meaning the knowledge that everyone has of himself (thumós), it aims at a knowledge supposed to be shared with the others. Around the desire of existence therefore, feelings of unity and coherence, autonomy and heteronomy set up. Between introspection on one hand and opening to the world on the other, the conscience figures as a key theme for both tragic and camusian reflection. At the heart of enduring oppositions, the person must transform Destiny’s and Absurd’s blow into a productive range: thus, Requisition and Rebellion trace the way to go in order to be and remain human. From tragic « self » affirmation to the « human vocation » required by the author, conscience and identity interact and indicate the individual as the creator of meaning. Through Greek tragedy’s essential principles, Camus aims thereby at an identity which, aware of its contradictions, its rights and duties, remains consistent: the rebel’s identity
Park, Myung-Hee. "L'humour et le tragique dans le théâtre de Samuel Beckett." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20036.
Full textThis work is an anatomy of beckett's theatrical creation in the context of humour's literature of 20th century. This allow us to observer, on the hand that a play even like waiting for godot would, in spite of the apparent abandon of conventional status, be placed under the general law of theatre; and the other hand, that the beckett's tragic progresstowards the macabre humour. Thus, his humour become the privileged expression of the tragic who represent the absurdity and the "nonsens" of the human condition
Guni, Karin. "L'existence tragique dans la prose de Marie Luise Kaschnitz." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040060.
Full textIn order to trace the artistic developement of M. L. K. ,it is imperative to follow her spiritual journey,through her autobiographical prose. .
Ezéchiel, Lanfranchi Pierluigi. "L'"Exagoge" d'Ezéchiel le tragique : introduction, texte, traduction et commentaire /." Leiden : Brill, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb402401049.
Full textNtantinakis, Konstantinos. "Femmes et pouvoir dans le théâtre tragique crétois (1590-1647)." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030020.
Full textThe Cretan Theatre (1590-1647) is the only theatre existing in Crete following the ancient classic theatre and is also the only theatrical sign in the Greek Renaissance. The question "Women and authority" in the tragic plays (Erophile and Delivered Jerusalem of G. Chortatzis, The Abraham's sacrifice of anonymous author, Rodolinos of I. A. TroÔlos) presents a great interest on women's situation in Crete, during that period, facing the multiple sides of authority. Despite the universality of that theatre and its influences from the Italian theatre, women's characters are absolutely Greek and they also bring the echo of a forgotten world, the matriarchal period. The rhetoric of women's characters doesn't only lead the reader into the mere problem of love but also into a sociopolitical problem: the heroines allow the authors to personify ideas that they cherish, in a serious historical reality, under the Venetian occupation and the Turkish threat. The heroines' exhortations against the varied machinery of the power they suffer from reflect the soul of a people without hope under the burden of a tyrannical power
Busca, Maurizio. "Ovide et le théâtre tragique français des XVIe et XVIIe siècles (Métamorphoses et Héroïdes)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE3023/document.
Full textThis thesis is a diachronic study of Ovidian tragedies published in France between the middle of the sixteenth century and the end of the seventeenth century, as well as a more focused study on those tragedies based on the Heroides.It is well known that French literature of this period is intimately linked to the Ovidian corpus: the poet’s writings were widely circulated and there was a proliferation of translations, rewritings and imitations, as well as theatrical adaptations and figurative transpositions. This diffusion and appropriation of Ovid’s works contributed to the birth of new literary genres and gave rise to the emergence of the phenomena of emulation which, as Marie-Claire Chatelain has shown, notably fostered the elaboration of the gallant and elegiac aesthetic in the second half of the seventeenth century. The extremely extensive and stratified nature of Ovid’s presence in French culture thus necessitates the utmost caution in this study.The study of these Ovidian tragedies firstly shows that the authors tended not to reveal their debt to Ovid in their liminary texts, preferring to cite classical authors that were considered more prestigious. Yet, especially in the first half of the seventeenth century, there are numerous cases of imitation that closely resemble the Ovidian model. Admittedly, the generally modest length of the poetic passages that Ovid grants to the myths he develops in his writings thus requires an impressive amount of amplificato, in which the Ovidian intertext is inevitably diluted. Moreover, the change in genre imposes certain constraints for the dramatist, inevitably leading to modifications not only at the level of elecutio and dispositio, but also inventio. While not everything can be represented on the French tragic stage, certain elements that may not feature in an Ovidian epistle or narrative inversely cannot be absent in a French tragedy of this period. The production of Ovidian tragedies was considerable in 1620 – 1630; it underwent a remarkable decline from 1640 – 1660 and then experienced a revival in the 1670s. The rise of lyrical tragedy, often on the subject of metamorphosis, led to the production of tragedies on this subject by a dynamic of emulation. If the influence of the Heroides on French tragic theatre is often held as certain, no systematic study had previously been carried out to verify this. The corpus of plays referenced here are those that deal with the heroines and the heroes of the collection. In the first half of the seventeenth century, one generally observes practices of imitation close to the model. Over the course of the century, however, authors increasingly distanced themselves from the Ovidian text, drawing more on the works of their French predecessors. Around half of the Heroides do not undergo a theatrical transposition and, in the case of several characters (Phèdre, Dido and Medea), the dramatists abandon the elegiac re-readings proposed by Ovid and instead draw from ancient tragic and epic sources.Without claiming to provide exhaustive answers to the question of Ovid’s influence on French tragedy of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, this thesis constitutes the first stage of a more extensive piece of work. This first step, however, reveals that the links between Ovid's work, with particular focus on the Heroides, and French tragedy are more complex than has been believed
Bassène, Ignace. "Le Tragique dans l'oeuvre d' Eugène Ionesco." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3002.
Full textIf some people think that the tragedy died, the tragic as for him rest an always current theatrical category. At Eugène Ionesco, playwright of the second half of the XXth century, we find the sense (direction) of the tragic in its works even if this one differs from the antique time (period).The ionescien tragic is inspired on a vision of the world fundamentally absurd. So, following the example of his contemporaries as Samuel Beckett for example, Eugène Ionesco proposes a tragic humble (cf. Games (sets) of massacre: tragic = absence of outcome (exit)), a tragic political in the measure of the upheavals of the century (cf. Rhinoceros, King is dying, Macbett, etc.). On the place (square) of the heroes fighters, we have at Ionesco the marionettes which gesture, objects which proliferate (cf. Chairs); a human language which is questioned (implicated) (cf. The bald Opera singer "tragedy of the language"). The theater of Eugène Ionesco arises rather from the crisis of the humanism
Stavrianos, Georges. ""L'Etranger" de Camus : de l'expérience tragique à l'exigence esthétique." Nancy 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN21030.
Full textThe murder of an Arab by Meursault, the hero of "the stranger" is at the centre of the novel. We will study it from three different angles: sociological, tragic and aesthetic. Condemned because he didn't weep on the day of his mother's funeral, he confesses to the murder, being under the influence of the sun. Our work trys to bring out the inner identity of the author as well as his search for the absolute. His quest for salvation which will release him from his metaphysical anguish, leads us to believe that the crime did indeed take place for aesthetic reasons. Unreconciled with the sun, he discovers liberty and happiness in prison, at nightfall
Gros, de Gasquet Julia. "En disant l'alexandrin : l'acteur tragique et son art, XVII-XXe siècle /." Paris : H. Champion, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401824613.
Full textBibliogr. p. 369-388. Index.
Lengongo, Chamberlin. "La tentation lyrique : tragique et consolation dans l’œuvre romanesque d’André Malraux." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100182.
Full textThe tragedy still seems to be in the middle of the French literature at the XXème century in spite of the death of the traditional tragedy evoked by critics like George Steiner. Indeed, the death of the tragedy does not return therefore to the disappearance of the tragedy. Quite to the contrary, the tragedy survives and takes new forms of which that of the novel. It is precisely this “new form” which we analyze in this thesis entitled “lyric temptation: tragedy and consolation in the novel of Andre Malraux” because “the modern novel is […] a means of expression privileged of the tragedy of the man, not an elucidation of the individual”. It is in this direction which its novels take part of what Jean-Marie Domenach calls the return of the tragedy which, in its return is not limited any more to the framework of the theatre but overflows it for thus ending up investing in other kinds the such novel, poetry, the music even the cinema. This study thus relates to the tragic vision of Malraux. It examines how it is forged, its evolution and its mode of expression. We thus try to see the complex relationship which exists, at Malraux, between the tragedy and the lyric one. We try, moreover, to see how Malraux manages to sublimate this modern tragedy by developing poetic consolation
Park, Hyung Sub. "Eugene Ionesco et la conscience tragique dans le cycle de Berenger." Paris 8, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA080373.
Full textThis study consisting of two greats parties deal with the aspects dressed up a tragedy in the work of ionesco. On the one hand the importance that the author has attached to the man and to his outstaugly fundamental anguish is discovered, on the other hand some dramaturgicals problems are analysed when his ideas of the existence collided with traditionals forms of the theatre in his life. In the first party, the personel experience of ionesco and the dramaturgicals pre catched by the relations between his first works. In the second party, each chapter is approched under the point of the thematic analysis in resting on the concrete way for his texts
Devette, Pascale. "La pensée tragique d'Albert Camus, de Simone Weil et d'Hannah Arendt." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC195/document.
Full textThis dissertation argues for a conception of the tragic based on the thought of Albert Camus (1913-1960), Simone Weil (1909-1943) and Hannah Arendt (1906-1975). The goal is to compare not only their thought in general, but to reveal in each a vision of the tragic that develops a sketch of the contours of a tragic thought. Tragic thought is the thought of existence, of the human, of the political, and of mediation through storytelling and labour. The tragic emerges when one is dispossessed from a part of one’s sovereignty. This destitution is a radical opening to self and to the world because, for a moment, it snatches away whatever strength had been gathered in the self. On the political level, the tragic appears in a context of plurality and it implies a capacity to debate with others, to look at them and to listen to them. In so doing, the tragic integrates a non-sovereign conception of “self” and of collective life. It constantly tries to fix the excessiveness of certain actions to the extent of the shared and common world. On the individual level, the tragic attitude can be described as a capacity to perceive beyond the self. The individual who has a tragic relationship to the world is submerged in exteriority, in the sense that she notices the non-sovereignty of others and of herself with respect to action; she directly faces the necessity and often the suffering of life. This confrontation allows her to distinguish outside of herself that which must be changed from that of the natural order of things. For the tragic of the political to align itself with the tragic as lived individually certain mediations must be present, notably the circulation of storytelling (presenting the non-sovereignty of political actors and the fragility of the common), on the one hand, and the conditions of labour that favour the reception of this storytelling, on the other
Maia, Tomás. "Le Deuil de personne : la possibilité de l'art et le tragique moderne." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20054.
Full textThe thesis addresses the primordial question raised by art : that of its origin or of its very possibility. Our starting point is a general hypothesis on art in the Western world : human beings strive for a rebirth through art, yet it is only through the precise opposite that this renaissance becomes possible -that is, through the repetition, or more specifically, the anticipation of death. Thus, art is the experience which some sociologists and historians of religion would call "deathbirth" or death as initiation. The aim of this thesis is, above all, to distinguish as far as possible between the artistic and the religious experience given that the heralding of modern times has coincided with the collapse of "positive religion" i. E. Of dogmas and ecclesiastic power. .
Handaj, Abdellah. "Le héros tragique dans les oeuvres majeures d'Ernest Hemingway." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21019.
Full textThis dissertation aims at studying the Hemingwayian hero's tragic vision of life. The major works we will be dealing with are The Sun also Rises (1926), A Farewell to Arms (1929), To Have and Have Not (1937), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), Across the River and into the Trees (1950), and The Old Man and the Sea (1952). First and foremost, we will analyse the role of death in Hemingway's fiction, because his heroes are often haunted by this theme. Love, which pervades most of his fiction, as a cause of -- or as a remedy for -- his characters' tragic experience, as well as the physical and psychological wounds at the basis of their tragic vision of life, will be analysed. The different ways through which the Hemingwayian heroes manage to survive in a hostile world will also be discussed. We will deal chronologically with the novels in order to see whether an evolution in the writer's vision can be detected. Since Hemingway himself received serious physical and psychological wounds, (the traumas relating to his childhood within a puritanical family, the shock caused by his war experience and his father's suicide), our purpose is to see whether there exists an interaction between his private life, which seems, on the surface, both exciting and hectic, and his fictional world. The fact that writing was not only a means through which Hemingway longed to attain 'immortality', but was also a remedy for him to ward off his feelings of nada will be emphasised and we will therefore also try to see whether, when the writer realised that he was no longer able to be the legendary figure he used to be, this remedy, which had enabled him to survive so far, was still powerful enough to save him from total despair
Fierobe, Nathalie. "Mishima et Nietzsche : entre tragique et modernité : le compromis avec l'impossible : essai de transtextualité." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA030102.
Full textDrissi, Hamida. "L'œuvre de Marguerite Duras ou L'expression d'un tragique moderne." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432049.
Full textAlmeida, Brum Duarte José Thomaz. "Vision pessimiste et vision tragique : la conception de l'homme chez Schopenhauer et chez Nietzsche." Nice, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NICE2038.
Full textThis work aims to present the conception of man in Schopenhauer and Nietzsche. It discusses Schopenhauer's pessimistic and Nietzche's tragic visions. In order to study the opposition between pessimism and tragic thought we have drawn a comparison between Schopenhauer's and Nietzsche's views of the concept of will: the will to live (wille zum leben) and the will to power (wille sur macht). The aesthetic dimension in both philosophers is stressed in this work for the importance both ascribe to art as being capable of providing a unique answer to the problem of existence
Mouraret, Lauriane. "Interlocution et style tragique à l'âge classique : Théophile de Viau, Rotrou, Corneille et Racine." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALL030.
Full textUsing a detailed exploration of the language used by Théophile de Viau, Rotrou, Corneille and Racine in their tragedies, this study of dramatic dialogue confronts the results of a linguistic approach (syntactical, pragmatic, semantic…) with those of rhetorical analysis. The thesis strives to show how the brutal transition to tutoiement (or, in the opposite case, to vouvoiement) can sustain the sublime effect (used in the sense of Longin, rediscovered by Boileau) and how such use of the nominal apposition (especially in the frontal position) can sustain the pathos of a reply or of an extract (for that point we cover all the ranges of the pathè described by Aristotle) or consolidate the self-image (ethos) ones wishes to enforce with the speech. It aims to demonstrate how interlocutive structures carry both the action of tragedy as well as the oratorical aspects of dialogue. This broad investigation, based on the most precise linguistic knowledge as well as on the philological approach to rhetoric developed by the RARE team, enables a sort of epistemological thinking: there is a way to interrogate the relations between stylistics and rhetoric, subjects sometimes considered as antagonistic (for instance in Spitzer’s work), sometimes as complementary. Some specific terms (emphasis, apostrophe…) overlay rhetorical notions as well as syntactical realities: therefore, it seems important to spot some prospective transitions, which are not always linear or unidirectional, to describe the effects of unconformity or, alternatively, of layerings between these disciplines
Thévenet, Lucie. "Se dire sur la scène tragique : de l'identification à l'épiphanie." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN1470.
Full textLacroix, Philippe. "Le théâtre tragique de Racine au regard de son temps et de l'histoire." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120020.
Full textRacine transforms tragedy: he is the champion of a courteous new hirth and the creator of a mystic. Ancients son, racine is so author of an audacious and refined political, explained by sacred tragedies. This idea, always ignored or learnedly transformed by the critic, has no equivalent in the tragic theatre of seventeenth century