Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Et occidental'
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Bronner, Georges. "La dorsale Reguibat occidentale (Mauritanie-Sahara occidental) : structure d'un craton archéen, tectonique et métallogénie des quartzites ferrugineux." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX3A001.
Full textKherrati, Lekbir. "Le Problème du Sahara occidental dans les relations intermaghrébines et interafricaines." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594264t.
Full textAmy, de La Bretèque François. "L'Imaginaire médiéval dans le cinéma occidental." Paris 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA030140.
Full textCheylan, Marc. "Les Reptiles du paléarctique occidental : diversité et conservation." Paris, EPHE, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EPHE3034.
Full textFiddy, Driss. "Migrations et urbanisations dans l'anti-Atlas occidental (Maroc)." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50377-2000-7.pdf.
Full textCornée, Jean-Jacques. "Le Haut-Atlas occidental paléozoi͏̈que : un reflet de l'histoire hercynienne du Maroc occidental : stratigraphie, sédimentation et tectonique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX30074.
Full textJacquin, Sophie. "Les Nations unies et la question du Sahara occidental." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081835.
Full textOuellette, Nathalie. "Tuurngait et chamanes inuit dans le Nunavik occidental contemporain." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0021/MQ55600.pdf.
Full textTamari, Tal. "Les Castes au Soudan occidental étude anthropologique et historique /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618769d.
Full textTamari, Tal. "Les castes au Soudan Occidental : étude anthropologique et historique." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100018.
Full textThe thesis bears on the "castes" (groups of endogamous specialists) characteristic of some fifteen ethnic groups of west Africa (the savannah zone and adjacent regions of the desert and forest zones), including the Manding, Soninke, Songhay, Fulani, Tukulor, Wolof, Dogon, Senufo, Minianka, Dan, Moors and Tuaregs. The castes most frequently encountered are those of the bards (musician-praise singers), blacksmiths, leatherworkers, and woodworkers. The thesis compares the western Sudanese "castes" to other systems and institutions termed "castes" around the world. The historical portion of the thesis makes use of medieval Arabic sources, Arabic language chronicles composed in West Africa, and European travelers’ accounts, as well as oral sources including the Manding epic of Sunjata. The comparison of the vocabularies used in the different West African languages for designating the caste people shows many instances of word borrowing, permitting in some cases to trace the migrations of caste people. The historical portion shows that caste people were present among the Manding before 1300, among the Wolof before 1500, and among the Soninke, Fulani and Songhay before 1600. It shows that all western Sudanese castes ultimately developed from at most three centers, located among the Manding, Soninke and Wolof
Fontana, Laure. "Mobilité et subsistance au Magdalénien dans le Languedoc occidental et le Roussillon." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010616.
Full textThis archaeozoological work is a contribution to the study of the subsistence strategies and settlement patterns of magdalenian groups of Aude (France). What kind of hunting economy and organization of acquisition (game and silex) can we observe to discuss the question of settlement patterns? We have chosen the basin of aude because of his great number of magdalenian sites, particular in the north before 13 000 bp and in the south between 13000 and 12 000 bp. The fauna collections come from magdalenian levels of fives sites : lassac and tournal (for the early magdalenian), canecaude and gazel (for the mid-magdalenian), belvis (upper magdalenian). This is a micro-regional study and if the mid-magdalenian period is the best known, we tried to understand the transformation of the settlement pattern since the early magdalenian until the upper magdalenian. This study met en evidence: * for the early and mid-magdalenian : specialized reindeer hunting and five months occupations (during the winter and the beginning of spring). The study identified a residential type of settlement pattern and gazel was probably a special site (art). No site of specialized acquisition (game or silex) has been identified. We did not identified sites which have been occupied during the other part of the year. More over, we did not know the place where the silex (50%) come from. Two hypothesis can be proposed: - occupations in an other region during the rest of the year, in the south of aude or in ariege - occupations in a region very far from the aude * for the upper magdalenian : specialiezed ibex hunting and spring-summer occupations this period is less documented than the previous one
Lambert, Stéphane. "Les télécommunications internationales et l'Etat occidental : libertés de communiquer et relations internationales." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/53r60a8s3kup1vc9kd4sgepk2.
Full textElaroussi, Moulim. "L'Esthétique entre le voir occidental et la vision arabo-musulmane." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375998411.
Full textŠīgar, Muḥammad. "Philosophie, science et économie : éléments d'analyse du modèle civilisationnel occidental /." Rabat : Impr. El Maarif al Jadida, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39948333q.
Full textElaroussi, Moulim. "L'Esthétique entre le voir occidental et la vision arabo-musulmane." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010646.
Full textChaara, Ahmed. "Paysans pêcheurs et migrants : les campagnes des littoraux du Rif occidental." Aix-Marseille 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX23A05.
Full textMohsen-Finan, Khadija. "Fonctions et enjeux du conflit du Sahara occidental : conflit régional et politiques intérieures." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0010.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict became, within the past years, a real stake between the North African countries political relationships on the one hand, and inside every concerned country of the region, on another hand. This work, in its two dimensional aspects - regional and national demonstrates how this war interfered and reacted with the regional politics together with major reactions on the national politics of Morocco and Algeria, and to a lesser degree, Mauritania. The Polisario having a specific role in this analysis. One major aspect of this war is also the utilization of the notion of referendum for political reasons by all sides
Polygenis, Marie-José. "Recherches ethnopharmacognosiques sur les plantes utilisées en médecine traditionnelle au Burundi occidental." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213193.
Full textMaldonado, Guitemie. "Le biomorphisme dans l'art occidental des années trente : l'analogie créatrice." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040274.
Full textBeucher, Romain. "Evolution Néogène de l'arc~alpin~sud-occidental: Approches sismotectonique et thermochronologique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00444816.
Full textCourtieu, Marc Martin Jean-Pierre. "L'événement dans le roman occidental du XXe siècle continuités et ruptures /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/courtieu_m.
Full textAlvarado, Adrian. "La Russie en Arctique occidental : strategies d'Etat et interactions des acteurs." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2109.
Full textDuring the first decade of the XXIth century, the Arctic has received growing attention from scholars, policymakers and multinational corporations. Climate change as well as renewed political and economical interests from coastal and non-coastal States had repositioned this region as a prospective theater in the Great powers chessboard. Since 2001, the Russian Federation has taken several international and domestic actions to guarantee its national interest in what it considers as the Russian Arctic, a space that comprises about 22 600 kilometers of national coastline with the Arctic Ocean. But climate change, historical socio-economic developments and strategic imperatives have conditioned this engagement.The Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts plays nowadays a leading role in the implementation of a cross-domain Russian strategy for the Arctic region. This dissertation will then assess the central challenges of Russian National Security and Strategy in the Occidental Arctic taking in consideration recent changes in the Russian Federation political and economical model, the emerging role of private and foreign actors and the specificity of Arctic and sub-Arctic regions.The first part of this dissertation will try to underline the past/current strategic and economical relevance of the Occidental Arctic for the Russian Federation. A historical approach will allow us to better understand the current role of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts while we will appreciate its socio-economic potential thanks to the analysis of demographic, industrial and commercial developments of these regions. Finally, a study on defense and energy industries adaptation to international markets will be conducted as well as a regional risk-assessment concerning climate change and industrial pollution.In a second part, our main objective is to demonstrate the strategic and economical importance of the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts for the Russian Arctic policy. This will lead us to analyse core issues in the Occidental Arctic for state and industry actors. The methodology applied to identify the main trends in these issues is a combination of the French school of geopolitics with relevant theories of international relations (Waltz, Keohane, Putnam). Graham Allison’s conceptual models and his approach on national interests will be applied in the analysis
Arrigoni, Michael. "La dimension militaire du conflit au Sahara occidental : enjeux et stratégies." Reims, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REIMD002.
Full textAs early as the 15-th century the territories on the west coast of africa poked up the avidity and the desire for conquest of the iberian and western monarchies. The spanish authorities, after taking possession of the saharan territories, which would become one of their colonies, had been confronted with the resistance of the nomadic and warlike population, living on this land. After the withdrawal of the spanish forces in 1975 the neighboring states morocco and mauritania tried to conquer this land. In early 1976 morocco took the northern two-thirds and mauritania occupied the south. They had been initially defeated by the liberation army of the sahrawi people ( l. A. S. P. , the military wing of the popular front for the liberation of saharan territories polisario ) that could rely on the logistical help of algeria and, more generally, on support from the socialist camp. After the withdrawal of the mauritanian troops from the south in 1979 morocco decided to totally conquer this territory. One year later the spearhead general staff of the moroccan army decided to set up an operational defense line (o. D. L. ) which gave him the supremacy on the ground. The evolution of this conflict was marked by the u. N. Peace plan, the abrupt change in alliances, the evolution of the geostrategic balance and the deployment of an u. N. Force being set up to enforce the respect of the cease-fire and to ensure security during a referendum on self-determination. At stake in this conflict is the recognition of the sovereignty of the sahrawi people and the sahrawi arab democratic republic. Despite the efforts of the belligerent parties and the u. N. , trying to find an outline of a peaceful settlement, the poll to decide on the territory's future after 16 years of armed strife, originally set for january 2, 1992, had been delayed by accusations by morocco and polisario of trying to pad voter list. Although the moroccan authorities had declared that they "want to put an end to the non-problem of western sahara" the majority of the population concerned doubts whether this referendum, decided by the u. N. In 1991, will ever be held. According to the latest u. N. Resolution on the western sahara conflict the referendum on the land's future is scheduled for december 7 this year
Bissessur, Prithivi Dass. "Structure, âge et évolution du Bassin des Mascareignes, Océan Indien Occidental." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GLOB0019.
Full textDelneuf, Michèle. "La céramique néolithique du Sahara occidental : approche archéologique et ethno-archéologique." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100043.
Full textDuring the neolithic, several countries of west sahara are touched in various ways by the evolution of the ecological conditions (running desertification, falling back of human groups, reduction of life means). In this context, three regional groups are defined from where, in 86 neolithic sites, are exhausted some ceramic assemblages. With the help of a descriptive chart, the study of this pottery will try to characterize if this form of material culture reflect these variations, invalidate them or reveal the complexity of the choices made by the neolithic populations in front of the evolution of their environment. From north cameroon, several staffs of women potters give an ethnological and comparative setting to the study. The ceramic assemblages show how complex is the variability of possible interpretations of the ways of live adopted in these contexts and the necessity to elaborate methodological, united and critical studies between archaeological and ethnological fields
Zhang, Ning. "L'occidentalisme et la réception du théâtre occidental en chine : 1978-1989." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100141.
Full textThis ph. D. Dissertation analyse the reception in mainland chine of western theatre during the 80s. Under the name of "occidentalism", il designates a historical process through which the chinese constructed and reconstructed their knowledge about the "west", as a reference used to fulfil a specifically chinese agenda. Seen from the vantage point of theatre practice, a new light can be shed on the complicated relationship between officials, critical intellectuals and artists in their common endeavour to redefine a modern chinese culture. Five case studies are presented in order to further develop this investigation in specific settings. The reception of shakespeare serves to illustrate how western classical theatre can be accommodated by political authorities and reinterpreted by artists and intellectuals. In spite of an apparent agreement in the celebration of the playwright, it is possible to show how the stage practices call into question received ideological and artistic conventions. Brecht's reception in the 1980s is somehow paradoxical, since this marxist author is viewed with suspicion by the authorities. Once set on the chinese stage, it appears that brechtian plays are deprived of their critical dimension, and are
Courtieu, Marc. "L'Evénement dans le roman occidental du XXe siècle : continuités et ruptures." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/courtieu_m.
Full textThe initial hypothesis is that a change of episteme, related to the one of the Darwinian biology (a smooth continuity facing Cuvier’s catastrophism) has modified the place of the event in the Occidental novel, from Flaubert and Melville on in particular, read as initiators. Rupture in the course of the world, the event was the beginning element of the fiction, which developed by neutralizing it through the codes of the novelistic ritualization of the XIXth century, realistic in particular. After the naturalism (the position of which on this point is very ambiguous), some authors of the XXth century have attempted to seize the event in a much more original way : as a mystical moment (Joyce’s epiphany, V. Woolf’s moment of being, Broch’s instant of unicity, an instant when the unessential life is escaped (Musil), an instant which abolishes Proust’s time), an event which loses all reason (Kafka), an event founder of the very writing (Sarraute, Beckett). All these paths meet in the particular case of the concentration literature : the saying of the catastrophic moment which is its essence can be only achieved in a radical present of the writing. It is true that a certain number of persistences can be noted, observed here in the adventure novel (London, Stevenson, Conrad, Malraux, confronted to Celine, Moravia, Perec), or of nostalgies, read here in the American novel linked to the myth of the Frontier (Boyle opposed to the Mexican Fuentes, Hawkes, Auster, DeLillo, Pynchon, up to the so specific case of Faulkner). In spite of these resistances, we can conclude that certain fictions of the XXth century have led to see in the event a major element of the rhythmics of the writing
Vosghanian, Liliane Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine Donabédian Anaïd. "Approche linguistique, sociolinguistique et interactionnelle d'un cas de bidialectalisme arménien occidental et arménien oriental /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2007. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2007/vosghanian_l.
Full textVosghanian, Liliane. "Approche linguistique, sociolinguistique et interactionnelle d'un cas de bidialectalisme : arménien occidental et arménien oriental." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/vosghanian_l.
Full textIn this study, we analyse the talk-in-interaction in a situation of dialects in contact. We choose to study the specific case of Armenian, an Indo-European language, which has two substantial dialectal families gathered each one under standards called Eastern Armenian (EA) and Western Armenian (WA), whose speakers are disseminated throughout the world. One of the characteristics of this research lies in the fact that it is aimed at studying a situation of dialects in contact spoken in a diasporic context in Lyon (France). In a community where two groups of speakers of Armenian mix, we describe how the economy of language choices functions. By studying conversations (recordings and transcriptions of authentic audio and video data) between EA speakers and WA speakers leaving in France, we aim at characterizing and explaining the linguistic phenomena (accommodations, code-switching, code-mixing) which appear and which are specific to this kind of situations of codes in contact. An interactional approach of sociolinguistics makes it possible to carry out a quantitative and a qualitative analysis of the talk-in-interaction in order to emphasize the accommodations’ strategies used by the speakers. The fact that these linguistic systems are close ensures from the beginning a mutual comprehension in speech, but the will to use and/or experience (in) both varieties, the speech situation, the participants involved, the speakers’ age, represent as many factors explaining why some speakers try to adapt to the target-variety. It appears that the latter frequently use code-mixing and code-switching strategies, i. E. They try to use in their speech, either partially or totally, elements belonging to the target-variety, with the aim of making the interaction as smooth as possible. By using these strategies, the speakers go as far as using the most salient elements of the opposed system, i. E. Those being the most different between the two varieties. By gathering, via a corpus of authentic data, systemic factors (i. E. The internal criteria specific to close codes) and the social, historical and cultural factors (i. E. The external criteria specific to the speakers), we explain the distribution and the use of the various codes available to the speakers and how the use of the opposite code is made possible. Thanks to the use of an original methodology, this work offers a range of results applicable to various levels: first of all to the functioning of the Armenian language in particular and the close linguistic systems (vs non related) in general, then to the sociolinguistic level from a personal, interpersonal, and microsocial point of view, and finally, to the interactional level for the relationship between participants and the organisation of the interaction
Belaassal, Abdelhak. "Variabilité des géopotentiels à 700 et 500 HPA et précipitations au Maroc nord occidental." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10062.
Full textKoutzakiotis, Georgios. "L'échelle de Cavalla et l'arrière-pays au XVIIIe siècle : commerce occidental et notabilité ottomane." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010545.
Full textGauthier, Catherine. "L'Encens et le luminaire dans le haut Moyen Age occidental: liturgie et pratique dévotionnelles." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210534.
Full textL’importance de l’Église dans tous les aspects de la vie au Moyen Âge est indéniable. Pourtant l’on connaît encore mal la place qu’y occupe la liturgie ;or, la liturgie est au cœur de l’Église puisque elle est définie comme l’ensemble des rites et principes mis en place par une religion – ici chrétienne – pour établir le déroulement des actes cultuels et de la relation au sacré. Elle est dès lors fondamentale à une époque où la majorité du corps social se reconnaît comme chrétien, elle est l’expression de la religion et rythme toute la société médiévale.
Depuis plusieurs années, elle suscite l’intérêt justifié de quelques médiévistes. Ceux-ci ont souligné l’importance de considérer la liturgie dans sa globalité, c'est-à-dire de dépasser la simple étude des livres liturgiques pour s’intéresser également à la façon dont la liturgie était perçue, reçue et vécue par les fidèles notamment au travers de leurs pratiques dévotionnelles, c’est ce que l’on appelle la paraliturgie.
La liturgie se caractérise par la récurrence des rites qui sont des suites ordonnées de gestes, de sons, d’objets mis en œuvre par un groupe social à des fins symboliques. À ce titre, l’étude des éléments constitutifs de la liturgie se justifie pleinement, puisque le rite ne s’accomplit et n’est efficace que dans la permanence de tous ses éléments.
L’encens et le luminaire ont ceci de particulier que leurs fonctions utilitaires, pour éclairer et désodoriser, les rendent indispensables à la liturgie. Par ailleurs, le propre du rituel est de donner sens, or, l’encens et le luminaire, par leurs propriétés naturelles se sont vus conférer un sens symbolique dans toutes les cultures où ils sont utilisés. Ce sont des éléments bénéfiques utilisés particulièrement dans la religion car ils permettent de matérialiser la communication entre le monde terrestre et le monde céleste. Toutefois, dans la religion chrétienne, l’encens et le luminaire ont un statut inférieur ou secondaire par rapport au calice ou à l’hostie par exemple.
L’ensemble de ces caractéristiques augurait de l’existence d’un rapport particulier entre ces objets et le fidèle ;leur étude constitue dès lors un outil efficace pour connaître l’impact de la liturgie sur la société médiévale. Sans compter que l’étude des éléments constitutifs de la liturgie n’en est qu’à ses débuts, et si le luminaire a suscité quelques publications récentes, l’encens n’a que peu été abordé ;l’étude de leur couple est, en tous les cas, inédite. Par ailleurs, l’étude de l’encens et du luminaire s’inscrit dans des débats historiographiques plus larges notamment celui des relations commerciales, puisque l’encens est un produit oriental et l’huile d’olive méditerranéen, ce qui en renforce encore l’intérêt.
Pour connaître les utilisations de l’encens et du luminaire dans la liturgie, préalables indispensablse à la connaissance de leurs emplois dans la paraliturgie, il faut se tourner vers les sources liturgiques ce qui consitute la première partie du travail.
L’analyse de ces différentes sources liturgiques a permis de mettre en évidence les usages officiels et les symboliques donnés à l’encens et au luminaire dans les différents rituels de la liturgie romano-gallicane (la messe, la liturgie pascale, la dédicace, l’office divin, le temps de Noël, les funérailles et les rituels d’admission).
En définitive, l’encens et luminaire sont des médiateurs entre le monde terrestre et le monde céleste, ils matérialisent et réifient ce lien réciproque. Ils ont un caractère propitiatoire important, intimement lié à leurs vertus apotropaïques et basé sur leurs propriétés naturelles.
Les sources liturgiques ne fournissent pas d’information sur le fonctionnement de l’encens et du luminaire, sur leur économie ou sur la façon dont ils étaient utilisés par les fidèles pour manifester leur dévotion ;même si elles laissent entrevoir de riches possibilités.
Le champ des recherches à été élargi par l'étude de « dossiers ». Les recherches ont été focalisées autour de centres religieux bien connus dans l’historiographie grâce à des sources remarquables par leur qualité et/ou leur quantité qui ont suscité une bibliographie conséquente. Toutes les sources relatives au centre religieux ont ensuite été dépouillées et analysées systématiquement. Les dossiers de Tours,Reims, Auxerre et Saint-Riquier ont livré beaucoup d’éléments tant sur les questions de la fourniture et du fonctionnement que sur celles des pratiques dévotionnelles liées au luminaire. Les sources "non-liturgiques" de ces quatre dossiers ont ainsi révélé des pratiques communes pour assurer l’approvisionnement en luminaire, qui constitue une dépense importante. L’approvisionnement en encens est plus difficile à déceler.
Les sources non-liturgiques, en particulier les récits hagiographiques, apportent de la densité et de l’atmosphère aux sources liturgiques particulièrement froides et factuelles. Elles donnent incidemment des informations sur la forme et le fonctionnement du luminaire principalement, et elles complètent et corroborent les éléments de la première partie. Les éléments concernant le culte des saints sont nombreux.
Les pratiques dévotionnelles relevées (culte des saints, donations pour le luminaire, offrandes de cierges, utilisations apotropaïque du luminaire et de l'encens, etc.) témoignent donc que les symboliques du cierge, plus largement du luminaire, et de l'encens sont communes aux pratiques liturgiques et dévotionnelles.
Le travail montre que la cire, l’huile et l’encens sont utilisés de façon régulière par les églises et qu’ils étaient disponibles sur les marchés locaux pour les ecclésiastiques. Il faut vraisemblablement distinguer plusieurs niveaux de qualité conditionnant l’utilisation de ces matières.
L’encens et le luminaire sont des outils pertinents pour apprécier la façon dont la liturgie était vécue dans la société médiévale, notamment grâce à leurs usages dans les pratiques paraliturgiques.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Guermoune, Mohammed. "L'unité du Maghreb jusqu'à l'affaire du Sahara occidental." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010675.
Full textHannoun, Azedine. "L'ambivalence des stratégies marocaines sur le problème du Sahara occidental." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0731.
Full textThis thesis proposes analysing the Moroccan policy towards the problem of the Western Sahara. It tries to answer to some questions about the specificity of the problem which last since thirty years ago and which govern the political life and the Moroccan foreign policy. The Moroccan policy towards this problem is divided in the time to tree strategies according to the objectives changes. As part of these tree strategies, we can notice certain ambivalence In the Moroccan attitude which finds its origin in complicated nature of the conflict. The question of the “Moroccan Sahara” became sacred in the internal level like the Islam and the person of the king. It arouses the unanimity within the society and the consensus among the political groups; It became equally the lever of the monarchy's legitimacy. However, the inscription of the territory in the UN's diary of decolonisation as a non self-governing territory obliged Morocco to adapt its attitude in order to avoid that the Sahara's problem become a factor of isolation and marginalization above the regional and international level. All the Morocco's Saharan policy sum up in a research of a balance between a necessity to keep the unanimity in the internal level about the “Moroccan Sahara”, moreover the necessity to find supports in abroad
Villemaire-Côté, Olivier. "Le développement des plantations de thuya occidental (Thuja occidentalis L) à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur des ravages de cerfs de Virginie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27841.
Full textDris, Abdessamad. "L'aspect géopolitique du conflit Sahara occidental et son impact sur la scène régionale et internationale." Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083537.
Full textThe Western Sahara conflict is a question of decolonization which disrupts the Maghreb geopolitics for over thirty years. The conflict is a factor for the failure of regional integration in the Maghreb. The international community is powerless against this conflict and its impact on regional and international politics is becoming more visible
Ba, Magatte. "Paysages et communautés rurales au Sénégal occidental : approche intégrée par cartographie assistée et télédétection satellitaire." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA1012.
Full textMarsac, Philippe. "La fin du neolithique et les debuts de la metallurgie en languedoc occidental et roussillon." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0317.
Full textThe late neolithic - chalcolithic of western languedoc and roussillon is identified as saintponian and verazien. The occupation of chasseen sites continues, but new territories are occupied the distribution of sites obeys abiotope selection following diverce geographical factors. Divelling structures are represented by enclosures, pits, scaltered artefacts and huts, solely in a circular or elongated - hemiocircular form. Funeral rites shows insividual or collective burials. The economic activities in middle neolithic continue, except for commercial exchanges. Lithic industries contain blades and bladelets, flaked implements and a roughly-made a macro-industry. Arrourheads are triangular, non-symetric, leaf or stem shaped. The abondance and diversity of material in bone or antler is notable in the saintponian late neolithic. Ornements are more recognisable in other neolithic groups in southern france. Pottery is divised between four simple open forms, four simple closed forms and six more complex forms with caree. The decorative element of pastilles and grooves supplement the functional elements of prehension. An evolutive model, based upon storage jars, proposes six styles. Following this hypothesis, some sites indicate long occupations, corresponding either to a durable settlement or to short, repeated stays. .
Ben, Moussa Abdelkhalak. "Les bivalves néogènes des secteurs occidental et oriental du Maroc septentrional : biostratigraphie, paléobiogéographie et paléoécologie." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10008.
Full textAyed, Kawthar. "La littérature d'anticipation dystopique et l'expression de la crise dans le monde occidental et arabe." Aix-Marseille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX10031.
Full textBELHOUCINE-LAMLI, SOUAD. "Islamisation et commerce dans le Soudan Occidental du VIIIè au XIè siècle." Lille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL30008.
Full textWestern sudan and his relation with the moslems (arabs and berbers) through two aspects : islam and trade
Goillot, Cyrielle. "Biochronologie (vertébrés, pollen) et paléogéographie du bassin amazonien occidental au miocène moyen." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1082/.
Full textThe study of vertebrate remains from the Fitzcarrald area (South Peru), and particularly that of astrapotheriid native ungulates, allowed characterising the "Fitzcarrald local fauna", restricting its stratigraphic range to the late Middle Miocene (Laventan), and showing that it evolved in the context of the Marine-like megalake Pebas complex. Faunal comparison with other South American vertebrate localities confirms the occurrence of environmental and/or geographical barriers between northern and southern South America at that time. Moreover, palynomorphs recovered in the Iquitos area (North Peru) have been interpreted as indicating a late Middle Miocene age. Their paleoenvironment was also determined as congruent to the Marine-like megalake Pebas complex. The biochronological dating and ecological interpretation of the Fitzcarrald local fauna confirm that the organization of the hydrographic network and of the current biodiversity of the Amazon basin implemented after the late Middle Miocene
Bonte, Pierre. "L'emirat de l'adrar : histoire et anthropologie d'une societe tribale du sahara occidental." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHES0083.
Full textThe adrar emirate is one of the four emirates settled in mauriatnia since the end of the xviith century. This monographic study combinates the approaches and methods of history and anthropology. In the first part we analyze the categories of the pre-emiral society and the foundations of the emirate. In the second part are described the constitution and political and social organization of the adrar emirate. In the third part we study the evolution, during the xixth century of the "civil society", impregnated of the islamic values. The fourth part discusses with the french colonial conquest. The object of this thesis is to contribute towards studying the political formations of tribal, pastoral and nomadic saharan societies
Evin, Allowen. "Evolution phénotypique, phylogéographie et insularité des chauves-souris du bassin méditerranéen occidental." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MNHN0021.
Full textThe Mediterranean basin is one of the twenty-five world's biodiversity hotspots. Such a diversity is thought to result both from an important number of islands and from a complex geological and climatic history. The principal aim of this work was to improve our knowledge on the evolution of bats in the mediterranean basin. Two aspects of bats evolution were specifically investigated, using combination of molecular and morphometric approaches : the evolution on islands, with special emphasis on Corsica, and the evolution of species complexes (large Myotis,Pipistrellus and Plecotus). The main results are the following : (1) Corsican bat fauna appears to result from a heterogeneous assemblage of lineages originating from Europe and North-Africa. Remarkably, despite all insular populations included in this study exhibit phenotypic differences, only a few were found to be molecularly distinct from their mainland counterparts; (2) Overall, island evolution appears to be a prominent factor shaping the molecular and morphometric diversity observed throughout the Mediterranean basin; (3) The general lack of congruence between the molecular phylogenetic signal and the phenotypic structuration suggests that adaptive evolution might have contributed to the observed morphological diversification. Natural selection, potentially through feeding habits, could be responsible for the cases of phenotypic convergence documented in this study
Cayzac, Julie. "Le portique occidental du temple de Philae : un espace théologique et cultuel." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30100.
Full textThis work is a comprehensive study of the western portico of Philae temple, taking into account its architectural features, its theology and its function as a place of worship. The first part gives an overview of the topographical, architectural and historical contexts and presents the function of the monument. The second part details its architectural peculiarities, the misconceptions, the singularity of its windows and the diversity of its capitals. Chronology of the decoration is then established, extending from the reign of Augustus till the reign of Nero or maybe after. The third part is devoted to the transliteration, translation and commentary of the texts. Various miswritings and uncomprehensions of the texts are exposed. The synthesis takes into account the « grammaire du temple » and theological commentary of the texts. The last part is devoted to the portico considered as a place of worship and the marks left by the men who worked and passed by there : demotic and greek inscriptions, carved images, gold covering and small cavities. This documentation gives informative insights on the works of the portico, the official cult and the more « popular » practices which occured in the forecourt of the temple of Isis. A volume of 158 plates is added, containing the copy of all the texts of the portico, which are mainly unpublished
Vaz-Romero, Trueba Oriol. "El artista y el juguete : viajes al imaginario occidental desde la antigüedad al romanticismo." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_vaz_romero.pdf.
Full textRiaboff, Isabelle. "Le roi et le moine : figures et principes du pouvoir et de sa legitimation au zanskar (himalaya occidental)." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100167.
Full textThe thesis is the result of a twenty-two-month fieldwork which took place in zanskar, in the western himalayas (jammu and kashmir state, north-western india). It deals with the connections between religion and polity in a tibetan community. The author questions herself about the separation between the monastic authorities and the zanskari monarchistic structures (the king of zangla, leader of a small kingdom, maintained his prerogatives until 1950). After a long introduction to zanskar's geography and history, the thesis successively describes: the main features of the zanskari social order ; the political and religious figures ; the economic foundations of the exercise of power ; the ritual roles played by the king and the monks, which symbolically contribute to ensuring their authority and power. In conclusion, isabelle riaboff considers the relationship between the tibetan king and monk in comparison with the hindu king and brahmin as analysed by l. Dumont. In both cases, the dyarchy is linked to the distinction made between status and power and the pair is in a "hierarchic reversal" form of relation. However, great divergences appear : on the one hand, the tibetan monasteries and hierarchs' economic life is not entirely comparable to the material dependence of the brahmins upon the men-in-the-world ; on the other hand, the buddhist king is regarded as sacred (indeed, the idea of a strictly secular nature of the hindu king, asserted by l. Dumont, is decried by numerous indianists)
Labhar, Mohamed. "Les milieux forestiers et pré-forestiers du moyen atlas central nord-occidental :approche géographique, phytoécologique et dynamique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212025.
Full textCallot, Yann. "Géomorphologie et paléoenvironnements de l'Atlas saharien au Grand Erg occidental dynamique éolienne et paléo-lacs holocènes /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37603566d.
Full textMichondard, Eric. "La transition du système stratégique occidental et l'identité européenne de sécurité et de défense : 1990-2000." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO33043.
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