Relevant bibliographies by topics / Et (The Hebrew word)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Et (The Hebrew word)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

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Goldberg, Yoav, and Michael Elhadad. "Word Segmentation, Unknown-word Resolution, and Morphological Agreement in a Hebrew Parsing System." Computational Linguistics 39, no. 1 (March 2013): 121–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00137.

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We present a constituency parsing system for Modern Hebrew. The system is based on the PCFG-LA parsing method of Petrov et al. 2006 , which is extended in various ways in order to accommodate the specificities of Hebrew as a morphologically rich language with a small treebank. We show that parsing performance can be enhanced by utilizing a language resource external to the treebank, specifically, a lexicon-based morphological analyzer. We present a computational model of interfacing the external lexicon and a treebank-based parser, also in the common case where the lexicon and the treebank follow different annotation schemes. We show that Hebrew word-segmentation and constituency-parsing can be performed jointly using CKY lattice parsing. Performing the tasks jointly is effective, and substantially outperforms a pipeline-based model. We suggest modeling grammatical agreement in a constituency-based parser as a filter mechanism that is orthogonal to the grammar, and present a concrete implementation of the method. Although the constituency parser does not make many agreement mistakes to begin with, the filter mechanism is effective in fixing the agreement mistakes that the parser does make. These contributions extend outside of the scope of Hebrew processing, and are of general applicability to the NLP community. Hebrew is a specific case of a morphologically rich language, and ideas presented in this work are useful also for processing other languages, including English. The lattice-based parsing methodology is useful in any case where the input is uncertain. Extending the lexical coverage of a treebank-derived parser using an external lexicon is relevant for any language with a small treebank.
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LÉVY, TONY. "L'ALGÈBRE ARABE DANS LES TEXTES HÉBRAÏQUES (II). DANS L'ITALIE DES XVe ET XVIe SIÈCLES, SOURCES ARABES ET SOURCES VERNACULAIRES." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 17, no. 1 (February 12, 2007): 81–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423907000379.

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Until the end of the 14th century, the sources of Hebrew mathematical writings were almost exclusively in Arabic. This was particularly true of texts that contained elements of algebra or algebraic developments. The testimonies we present and analyze here are due to Jewish authors living in Italy, primarily in the 15th century, who made use of the most varied sources, in addition to Arabic: in Castilian, in Italian, and perhaps in Latin. These testimonies constitute both an indication, and a product, of the circulation of Arab algebraic traditions in Renaissance Italy. Simon Moṭoṭ’s book on The Calculation of Algebra stems from the Italian tradition of ‘‘treatises on the abacus’’. Mordekhay Finzi of Mantua is the author of a Hebrew version of the great work on algebra by Abū Kāmil (9th century), as well as of a version, distinct from the preceding, of the Arabic scholar’s introductory exposition. Beginning in 1473, Finzi also translated from Italian to Hebrew the important treatise on algebra by Maestro Dardi of Pisa (1344). We also indicate some 16th century continuations of Hebrew mathematical production, which contain algebraic developments.
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Locatell, Christian. "Translating and Exegeting Hebrew Poetry: Illustrated with Psalm 70." Journal of Translation 11, no. 1 (2015): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54395/jot-p46yv.

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Biblical Hebrew (BH) poetry poses unique challenges to translators and exegetes because of its often complex textual development, its defamiliarized mode of communication, and its understudied relationship to its co-text. While a comprehensive analysis is welcomed for any discourse type, the unique challenges of BH poetry call for a holistic approach that marshals insights from the extra-linguistic setting, co-text, and multifaceted discourse features. The method of discourse analysis proposed by Wendland (1994) seems to provide a helpful framework for such investigation. Applying this approach to Psalm 70—a short, but incredibly multifaceted text—reveals the value of this sort of comprehensive, interdisciplinary analysis. Additionally, following the application of Lambrecht’s (1994) theory of information structure (IS) to BH by Van der Merwe et al. (forthcoming), I propose that the Psalms may use parallel word order variation patterns beyond their IS purposes to create coherence relations at the discourse level.
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Yeverechyahu, Hadas. "Consonant co-occurrence restrictions in Modern Hebrew." Brill’s Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 11, no. 1 (June 12, 2019): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18776930-01101006.

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Abstract The paper presents consonant co-occurrence restrictions in Hebrew, focusing on the influence of the similarity factor. A lexical analysis of Hebrew verbs reveals tendency to avoid similar, close consonants, by showing a highly significant correlation (p<0.0001) between co-occurrence of C1-C2 sequences in the lexicon and similarity factors (based on Frisch et al.’s 2004 model for similarity, adjusted to Hebrew). In other words, the more two consonants are similar to each other, the smaller their chances are to co-occur as C1-C2 in a Hebrew verb. In addition, a major role of place of articulation is observed, such that consonants that share major place of articulation are less likely to co-occur. However, the highly significant correlation between co-occurrences and similarity factors suggests that not only major place of articulation affects the restrictions; otherwise we would wrongly predict no effect in non-homorganic pairs.
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Sadik, Shalom. "Eckhart, Lost in Translation: La traduction de Sh-h-r par Yehuda Alharizi et ses implications philosophiques." Vivarium 54, no. 2-3 (August 19, 2016): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685349-12341322.

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Maimonides’s Guide for the Perplexed had a significant influence on both Jewish and Christian philosophy, although the vast majority of Jewish and Christian readers in the Middle Ages could not read the original Judeo-Arabic (Arabic written in Hebrew characters) text. Instead, they had access to the text through Hebrew and Latin translations. The article focuses on words derived from the root sh-h-r in the original text of Maimonides, first (section 1) on the understanding of Maimonides himself, where they take on two meanings; the first sense of these words is an adjective that refers to things well-known to the larger public; the second sense is that in which the opinions held by the public are opposed to the intelligibles. Second (section 2), while one of Maimonides’ Hebrew translators, Ibn Tibbon, did understand the original meaning of the words in the Guide, the other, Alharizi did not; he missed the distinction between rational understanding and generally admitted opinions. This misunderstanding changed the meaning of three important passages of the Guide. Finally (section 3) the mistranslation of Alharizi influenced the medieval philosophers that either read his translation, such as Rabbi Aaron ben Elijah of Nicomedia, or a Latin translation based upon it, such as Meister Eckhart.
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Josephy, Rebecca. "Marguerite Duras, le judaïsme et l’interdit du N/nom dans Le camion et La pluie d’été." Dalhousie French Studies, no. 120 (June 22, 2022): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1089971ar.

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In the script and film, Le camion (1977) by Marguerite Duras, a single biblical name – “Abraham” – emerges from a backdrop of indistinct characters and places. During the film, the name becomes taboo. Thirteen years later, a similar phenomenon occurs in La pluie d’été (1990) when the verse “I, son of David, King of Jerusalem” from Ecclesiastes repeats regularly throughout the text and generates a feeling of discomfort and embarrassment. Furthermore, in this novel, characters are “polynymous”, shifting from one identity to another, one name to another. Here, the act of naming is entirely unique and provokes a deep sense of fear that manifests in the text through the characters’ paroxysmal reactions: cries, screams, howls, and silence. The main focus of this article will be to study the source of this malaise and to determine the prohibitions and taboos that lead to this incredible loss of speech. Thus, in the first part of the article, I examine how and why Duras populates Le camion and La pluie d’été with biblical, Jewish names and the way in which “Abraham” and the “the son of David” in these works become concentrated into a single word and identity: “Jew” or Juden”. In the second part of the article, I explore how the characters’ paroxysmal reactions relate to the difficulty and importance of assigning a name, both in terms of individual identity, but also in terms of the prohibitions and interdictions against divine representation and verbalization in the Hebrew Bible.
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Canellis, Aline. "Désert et ville dans la Correspondance de saint Jérôme." Vigiliae Christianae 67, no. 1 (2013): 22–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700720-12341118.

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Abstract Jerome travelled widely in East and West. Being a vir trilinguis, who was fluent in Greek and Latin and also knew Hebrew (and a few Syrian words), he was familiar with life in the desert and the cities. His letters make clear what living in the desert meant for him, and the same is true for life in the contemporary towns and cities. Thoroughly educated in classical and biblical culture, he pictures the desert and the city in a rather peculiar manner, by placing them in the history of Rome and Israel with the addition of exegetical interpretation.
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Levin, Elizabetha. "Various Times in Abraham Ibn Ezra’s Works and Their Reflection in Modern Thought." KronoScope 18, no. 2 (September 18, 2018): 154–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-12341414.

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AbstractAbraham Ibn Ezra is one of the most many-sided medieval intellectuals, widely admired for his unique combination of scientific ideas with religious feeling, philosophical thought and poetical perception. This paper focuses on selected issues from hisoeuvrethat are of interest to time researchers.In modern English, the term “time” has a fairly broad spectrum of meanings, which can refer to a long list of distinct temporalities in medieval Hebrew texts. Unfortunately, the sharp difference between various Hebrew words such as “et” or “zman” goes unrecognized by those who read Ibn Ezra in translation. As a result, Abraham Ibn Ezra’s temporological thought and his philosophical poetry present a real challenge to historians of time-studies. The goal of this paper is to supply fresh insights on Jewish medieval thought on temporalities and to measure its impact on recent theories and discoveries.
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Vaculínová, Marta, and Petr Daněk. "Musicus et poeta trilinguis. New Findings about the Life and Work of Jiří Cropatius Teplický." Musicalia 12, no. 1-2 (2021): 6–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/muscz.2020.001.

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This joint article by a classical philologist and a musicologist deals with Jiří Cropatius (a figure documented between 1569 and 1580). Until now, he has been known as a composer who achieved what no other Czech had ever done: getting his music printed by Angelo Gardano in Venice. Current research on sources has allowed us to expand greatly our knowledge about Cropatius’s life. In light of new discoveries, Cropatius is now seen as not only a musician, but also an expert on Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, the languages in which he also wrote poetry. We learn more about his life and, in particular, about his journey to the Holy Land. Cropatius’s Masses, issued in print by Gardano in 1578, have not been preserved, but we can get an idea of what kind of composer Cropatius was from two preserved voices from a manuscript of his Mass for five voices now kept at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin.
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Скобелев, Михаил Анатольевич. "Review on: Eidelkind Y. Song of Songs. Translation and philological commentary for chapters 1-3. Moscow: RGGU, 2015 (Orientalia et Classica 53.1–2)." Theological Herald, no. 3-4(18-19) (September 15, 2015): 482–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/2500-1450-2015-18-19-482-489.

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В издательстве РГГУ в серии «Orientalia et Classica: Труды институ­та восточных культур и античности» в 2015 г. вышел новый перевод первых трех глав книги Песнь песней с сопровождающим филологи­ ческим комментарием. Перевод и комментарии выполнены Я. Д. Эй­делькиндом. Издание состоит из двух частей: первая содержит исаго­гическое введение (135 страниц), вторая – авторский перевод первых трех глав текста Песни с подробным филологическим и экзегетическим комментарием (300 страниц). Учитывая специфику библейских книг, требующую от исследователя не только знания оригинальных языков Священного Писания: древнееврейского, арамейского и греческого, но и особой чуткости к сакральному слову, и, кроме того, освоения огром­ного пласта специальной научной литературы, появление на русском языке такого комментария, пусть и неполного, поскольку Песнь со­стоит из восьми глав, можно назвать событием. In 2015, the publishing house of the Russian State University for the Humanities published a new translation of the first three chapters of the book Song of Songs with an accompanying philological commentary. Translation and commentary by Ya. D. Eydelkind. The edition consists of two parts: the first contains an isagogical introduction (135 pages), the second - the author's translation of the first three chapters of the text of the Song with a detailed philological and exegetical commentary (300 pages). Taking into account the specifics of biblical books, which requires the researcher not only to know the original languages ​​of the Holy Scriptures: Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek, but also to be especially sensitive to the sacred word, and, in addition, to master a huge layer of special scientific literature, the appearance of such a commentary in Russian , albeit incomplete, since the Song consists of eight chapters, it can be called an event.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

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Goldfajn, Tal. "Word order and time in Biblical Hebrew narrative /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37649978s.

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Boyd, Steven William. "The Use of ZAMAM and MEZIMMAH in Proverbs." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1985. http://www.tren.com.

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Unruh, Jeffrey R. ""Rule" and "subdue" in Genesis 1:26-28 and its implications for today." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Chen, Patrick Ta-Chi Yoon. "Rhetorical function of rûaḥ in Ezekiel 37:9-10." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Simpson, Benjamin I. "Pesher in the New Testament." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Maloney, Leslie Don Bellinger W. H. "A word fitly spoken poetic artistry in the first four acrostics of the Hebrew psalter /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/3002.

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Musgrave, David. "The word shalom in the book of Isaiah." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Fowler, Robert Lee. "A theological word study of the root p̲q̲d̲." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.

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Lunn, Nicholas P. Heimerdinger Jean-Marc. "Word-order variation in biblical Hebrew poetry : differentiating pragmatic poetics /." Carlisle : Paternoster press, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410779456.

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Wessner, Mark Daren. "Character evaluation in biblical Hebrew narrative toward a literary and theological understanding of the 'asher-verb formula /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02242010-152046/.

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Books on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

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Pesin, Eliyahu, and Yehudah Pesin. Ḥamishah ḥumshe Torah: ʻim beʼur Kol etin sheba-Torah. Yerushalayim: Hotsaʼat Mosad ha-Rav Ḳuḳ, 2017.

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La mère de l'Enfant-Roi, Isaïe 7, 14: "'Almâ" et "Parthenos" dans l'univers biblique : un point de vue linguistique. Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 2013.

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Transitivity and object marking in biblical Hebrew: An investigation of the object preposition 'et. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 2014.

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Et ha-kol ʻasah yafeh be-ʻito: Ha-muśag "yafeh," shimushhaṿ u-shegiruto be-khitve ha-Miḳra. Yerushalayim: Karmel, 2018.

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Masson, Michel. Langue et idéologie: Les mots étrangers en hébreu moderne. Paris: Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1986.

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Saint-Gall, Michel. Dictionnaire du Rite écossais ancien et accepté: Hébraïsmes et autres termes d'origine française, étrangère ou inconnue. 2nd ed. Paris: Editions Télètes, 1991.

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Spiros, Zodhiates, ed. Hebrew-Greek key word study Bible: New American Standard Bible. Chattanooga, Tenn: AMG Publishers, 1990.

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Michel, Masson. Langue et idéologie: Les mots étrangers en hébreu moderne. Paris: Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1987.

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Saint-Gall, Michel. Dictionnaire des hébraïsmes et d'autres termes spécifiques d'origine française, étrangère ou inconnue dans le Rite écossais, ancien et accepté. Paris: Editions Déméter, 1988.

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La justice (ṢDQ) de Dieu dans la Bible hébraïque et l'interprétation juive et chrétienne. Freiburg, Schweiz: Universitätsverlag, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

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Doron, Edit. "Word Order in Hebrew." In Research in Afroasiatic Grammar, 41–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.202.03dor.

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Noegel, Scott B. "“Word Play” in Qoheleth." In Perspectives on Hebrew Scriptures IV, edited by Ehud Ben Zvi, 111–38. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463216238-012.

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Ornan, Uzzi. "Machinery for Hebrew Word Formation." In Advances in Artificial Intelligence, 75–93. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9052-7_4.

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Schwarzwald, Ora. "8. Opacity in Hebrew word morphology." In Language Processing and Acquisition in Languages of Semitic, Root-Based, Morphology, 147–63. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lald.28.08sch.

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Loewe, Raphael. "Moses Montefiore’s Hebrew Scribe." In Manuscrits hébreux et arabes, 153–62. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.bib.1.102089.

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HaCohen-Kerner, Yaakov, and Izek Greenfield. "Basic Word Completion and Prediction for Hebrew." In String Processing and Information Retrieval, 237–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34109-0_25.

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Linville, James R. "LETTING THE “BI-WORD” “RULE” IN JOEL 2:17." In Perspectives on Hebrew Scriptures II, 13–24. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463212834-004.

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Shimron, Joseph. "Word Decomposition in Hebrew as a Semitic Language." In Reading Complex Words, 93–111. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3720-2_5.

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Hawker, Nancy. "Arabic borrowing of the Hebrew word menahēl ‘manager’." In Arabic in Contact, 332–47. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sal.6.17haw.

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Berman, Ruth A. "Word class distinctiveness versus polycategoriality in Modern Hebrew." In Studies in Language Companion Series, 343–77. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/slcs.182.12ber.

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Conference papers on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

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Dinur, Elad, Dmitry Davidov, and Ari Rappoport. "Unsupervised concept discovery in Hebrew using simple unsupervised word prefix segmentation for Hebrew and Arabic." In the EACL 2009 Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1621774.1621782.

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"Emoji Identification and Prediction in Hebrew Political Corpus." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4346.

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[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology, Volume 16] Aim/Purpose: Any system that aims to address the task of modeling social media communication need to deal with the usage of emojis. Efficient prediction of the most likely emoji given the text of a message may help to improve different NLP tasks. Background: We explore two tasks: emoji identification and emoji prediction. While emoji prediction is a classification task of predicting the emojis that appear in a given text message, emoji identification is the complementary preceding task of determining if a given text message includes emojies. Methodology: We adopt a supervised Machine Learning (ML) approach. We compare two text representation approaches, i.e., n-grams and character n-grams and analyze the contribution of additional metadata features to the classification. Contribution: The task of emoji identification is novel. We extend the definition of the emoji prediction task by allowing to use not only the textual content but also meta-data analysis. Findings: Metadata improve the classification accuracy in the task of emoji identification. In the task of emoji prediction it is better to apply feature selection. Recommendations for Practitioners: In many of the cases the classifier decision seems fitter to the comment con-tent than the emoji that was chosen by the commentator. The classifier may be useful for emoji suggestion. Recommendations for Researchers: Explore character-based representations rather than word-based representations in the case of morphologically rich languages. Impact on Society: Improve the modeling of social media communication. Future Research: We plan to address the multi-label setting of the emoji prediction task and to investigate the deep learning approach for both of our classification tasks.
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Nissan, Ephraim. "Semitic-language names formed by semantic motivation from ‘less’, and their transcultural fortune: Whig leaders at Balliol as Dryden’s “sons of Belial”, and Swahili Mbilikimo for ‘Pygmy’." In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/19.

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The biblical compositional pattern “sons of no X” for “X–less ones” has been somewhat (just a bit) productive in Modern Hebrew, but as the Old Testament has been so influential across cultures since the Septuagint became available in the Hellenistic world, one comes across novel uses to which “son of Belial” has been put, such as in Dryden’s political allegory in Absalom and Achitophel, even as the etymology of Belial was not transparent to ones who did not know Hebrew and its word /bli/ ‘without’. Moreover, Arabic /bala/ ‘without’ also occurs in wordformation, and as the influence of Arabic along the eastern coast of Africa resulted in the Swahili language, the Swahili name for the Pigmies was formed as such an Arabic compound.
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Degraeuwe, Jasper, and Patrick Goethals. "Interactive Word Sense Disambiguation in Foreign Language Learning." In 11th Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Computer-Assisted Language Learning (NLP4CALL 2022). Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp190005.

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“Word sense awareness” is a feature which is not yet implemented in most corpus query tools, Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL) environments or computer-readable didactic resources such as graded word lists (Alfter and Graën, 2019; Pilán et al., 2016; Tack et al., 2018). The present paper aims to contribute to filling this lacuna by presenting a word sense disambiguation (WSD) method for ICALL purposes. The method, which is targeted at Spanish as a foreign language (SFL), takes a few prototypical example sentences as input, converts these sentences into “sense vectors”, and integrates part of the training data collection process into interactive vocabulary exercises. The evaluation of the method is based on a selection of 50 ambiguous items related to the domain of economics and compares different types of input data. With a top weighted F1 score of 0.8836, the present study shows that the currently available NLP tools, resources and methods provide all the necessary building blocks for developing a WSD method which can be integrated into interactive ICALL environments.
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de Souza, Sydelle, Alina Villalva, and Carina Pinto. "The grammar behind word association tasks." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0021/000436.

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Most word association tasks (WATs) focus on semantic representations but can also illuminate other linguistic phenomena (Van Rensbergen et al., 2015). This study reports a WAT comprising 152 Portuguese verbs and their corresponding compositional deverbal action nouns ending in -ção, that aims to test whether the morphological nature of the stimulus conditions the response. The results suggest that (i) the morphological structure of the stimuli does condition the response; (ii) associations can be constrained by grammatical factors other than semantics; and (iii) L1 Portuguese speakers are more likely to respond with a word belonging to the same word family if the stimulus is a complex word.
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Fine, Elisabeth M., and Gary S. Rubin. "Changes in Letter and Word Acuity with Simulated Cataract and Central Scotoma." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1998.sac.3.

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Age-related maculopathy (ARM) is the leading cause of severe visual impairment among older persons. ARM accounts for 35% of severe visual impairment and 43% of legal blindness in persons 65 years of age or older (Muioz et al., 1997). ARM was the primary diagnosis of the majority of patients referred for low vision services in Cardiff, Wales (Leat & Millodot, 1990), Ontario, Canada (Elliott et al., 1992), and Baltimore, MD (A. Habel, personal communication). ARM causes macular scotomas and is frequently accompanied by other forms of ocular pathology, most notably cataracts. From population-based studies (Mufioz et al., 1997) it is estimated that approximately 35% of patients with ARM also have clinically significant cataract. Recent advances in cataract surgery have resulted in a procedure that is highly effective and involves low risk. Many of the cataracts encountered in eyes with ARM would be removed were there no macular disease. But frequently, cataract surgery is postponed in ARM patients because the surgeon feels that the post-operative improvement in visual acuity would be minimal and would be outweighed by the risk of complications. However, we know of no data that establish how cataracts and macular scotomas jointly affect acuity.
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Kadile, Laura. "Gribas izteikums kā tiesiska darījuma svarīgākais elements." In LU Studentu zinātniskā konference "Mundus et". LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/lu.szk.2.rk.08.

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To any uninvolved reader, word combinations like “understand the meaning of one’s action” and “ability to control one’s action” can be confusing. Would the legislator have deliberately created such a broad-ranging combination of philosophical concepts in the text of a legal norm that each factual circumstance could be covered under these concepts and render applicable the legal consequences specified in the legal norm, or, after all, does the legal doctrine and case law already envisage a clear model, according to which the respective legal norm is applied? In the absence of a uniform filling of a legal norm with substance, might such an interpretation permit a purely subjective assessment? For a uniform interpretation and application of legal norms to exist in practice, the interpretation must be based on new fundamental principles and a common legal doctrine, abstaining from the case law and understanding of legal norms that existed before the reform of civil procedure capacity.
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Unurlu, Çiğdem, Ayşe Akyol, and Dilek Altaş. "The Relationships between Destination Brand Image, Destination Brand Loyalty and Word of Mouth Behaviour." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00831.

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This article documents a study and model of the destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and word-of-mouth behaviour (WOM). Therefore, the literature review consists of three parts namely destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and word-of-mouth behaviour. Destination brand image can be defined as the reasoned perceptions consumers attach to specific brands. Destination brand loyalty can be defined as the main source of customer-based brand equity. Brand loyalty was defined as the attachment a customer has to a brand. Lassar et. al. noted that brand equity stems from the grater confidence that consumers place in a brand than they do in its competitors. This confidence translates into consumers' loyalty and their willingness to pay a premium price for the brand. Word of mouth behaviour can be defined as informal communications directed at other consumers about the ownership or characteristic of particular goods and services and/or their sellers. In order to explore the relationship between destination brand image, destination brand loyalty and word-of-mouth behaviour, a two phase research design (exploratory and descriptive) was adopted and conducted. This study was based on the measures of Boo et all (2009), and Kim et all (2011) because their instruments had been developed, tested, refined and yielded reliable results. The questionnaire items were scored on a 5 point Likert scale, ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. A cross sectional design was used for the data collection. Data is analysed by using SPSS.
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Abdullah, Nur Nabilah, and Rafidah Sahar. "Exploring Intercultural Interaction: The Use of Semiotic Resources in Meaning-Making Processes." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.10-3.

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Intercultural communication refers to interaction between speakers of different backgrounds, such as different linguistic and cultural origins (Kim 2001). Interaction in face-to face situations has demonstrated that spoken language involves both verbal and semiotic resources for social action. Semiotic resources that include use of talk, gestures, eye gaze and other nonverbal cues can convey semantic content and can become a crucial point in conversation (Hazel et al. 2014). Drawing on a Aonversation Analysis (CA) approach, we explore how participants employed semiotic resources in word searches activities in an intercultural context. Word searches are moments in interaction when a speaker’s turn is temporarily ceased as the speaker displays difficulty in searching for appropriate linguistic items so as to formulate the talk (Schegloff et al. 1977; Kurhila 2006). In this study, naturally occurring interactions in a multilingual setting were video recorded. The participants were Asian university students with different language backgrounds. The findings suggest that multilingual participants mutually collaborate by utilizing verbal affordances, gaze, gesture and other nonverbal cues as useful semiotic resources in the meaning-making process, and thus resolving word search impediments to facilitate intercultural interaction.
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Fine, Elisabeth M., Eli Peli, and Angela T. Labianca. "Reading of Dynamically Displayed Text by Low Vision Observers." In Vision Science and its Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/vsia.1995.sub4.

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When compared to the time required to read a normally displayed page of text, low vision observers read faster from a scroll display, in which the text is continuously panned across a computer screen (Legge et al., 1989). They also read faster from a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) display in which each word is presented to the same place on a computer screen (Rubin & Turano, 1994). The views seen from the scroll display are similar to what would be seen when a magnifier or other low vision aid is scanned across a page of text. Readers with low vision are reported to read text displayed in this manner about 15% faster than a static page of text (Legge et al., 1989). As Legge et al. point out, this advantage may be due, in part, to the time saved because no return sweeps are needed to reposition the eyes at the beginning of the next line of text. This return sweep is time consuming for normally sighted observers (Rayner, 1978), and even more so for low vision observers who are known to have difficulty with eye movement control (cf. Peli, 1986; Whittaker et al., 1991). This advantage for scroll displays was not seen for normally sighted observers in Legge et al.'s study. In fact, they read 44% slower on average.
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Reports on the topic "Et (The Hebrew word)"

1

Halevy, Orna, Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni, and Israel Rozenboim. Enhancement of meat production by monochromatic light stimuli during embryogenesis: effect on muscle development and post-hatch growth. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586471.bard.

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The original objectives were: A. To determine the critical embryonic age for monochromatic green light stimulation. B. To follow the ontogeny of embryos exposed to monochromatic green light vs. darkness. C. To investigate the effects of monochromatic green light illumination on myoblast and fiber development in the embryo. D. To investigate the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on growth and meat production. E. To evaluate the direct effect of monochromatic green light on cultured embryonic and adult myoblasts. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of monochromatic light stimuli during incubation period of broilers on muscle development and satellite cell myogenesis. Based on previous studies (Halevy et al., 1998; Rozenboim et al., 1999) that demonstrated the positive effects of green-light illumination on body and muscle growth, we hypothesized that monochromatic light illumination accelerates embryo and muscle development and subsequently enhances muscle growth and meat production. Thus, further decreases management costs. Under the cooperation of the laboratories at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Washington we have conducted the following: 1. We have established the critical stage for exposure to green monochromatic light which has the maximal effect on body and muscle growth (Objective A). We report that embryonic day 5 is optimal for starting illumination. The optimal regime of lighting that will eliminate possible heat effects was evaluated by monitoring egg core temperature at various illumination periods. We found that intermitted lighting (15 min. on; 15 min. off) is optimal to avoid heat effects. 2. We have evaluated in detail gross changes in embryo development profile associated to green light stimuli vs. darkness. In addition, we have investigated the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on body and muscle growth (Objective B,D). 3. We have studied the expression profile of muscle regulatory proteins during chicken muscle cell differentiation in cultures using newly developed antibodies. This study paved the way for analyzing the expression of these proteins in our photo stimulation experiments (Objective C). 4. We have studied the pattern ofPax7 expression during myogenesis in the posthatch chicken. Experimental chick pectoralis muscles as well adult myoblast cultures were used in this study and the results led us to propose a novel model for satellite cell differentiation and renewal. 5. The effects of monochromatic green light illumination during embryogenesis have been studied. These studies focused on fetal myoblast and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation at pre- and posthatch periods and on the effects on the expression of muscle regulatory proteins which are involved in these processes. In addition, we have analyzed the effect of photo stimulation in the embryo on myofiber development at early posthatch (Objective C). 6. In follow the reviewers' comments we have not conducted Objective E. The information gathered from these studies is of utmost importance both, for understanding the molecular basis of muscle development in the posthatch chicks and for applied approach for future broiler management. Therefore, the information could be beneficial to agriculture in the short term on the one hand and to future studies on chick muscle development in the embryo and posthatch on the other hand.
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