Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'État politique'
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Fellous, Daniel. "L'État islamique : approche constitutionnelle et politique." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA083093.
Full textThe concept of an Islamic state is a singular product of history : it institutionalizes the religious form of political power. To understand the concept of "Islamic state" in a way as neutral as possible has to choose the method which follows: - the political signification of the constitutional construction has theological depth; knowledge of the islamic word is far from forming a monolithic block; religious implications in legal and political spheres, as in constitutional law in the islamic world must be seen from an impartial point of view
Morales, Lourdes. "Le système politique de Oaxaca (Mexique) et la représentation politique des indigènes." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030115.
Full textThis thesis aims at showing that the political system of the State of Oaxaca in Mexico is of gubernatorial type, in thus following a presidentialist tradition and the system of the hegemonic party, which dominated the Mexican political system and conditioned the action of its principal actors. The new-institutional approach of the school of Heidelberg and the theories on the new social movements make it possible to analyze the links between the local political system and the demands for participation and political representation of the indigenous groups. These two methods show how the institutional mechanisms of a multicultural nature, aiming for a reinforcement of the indigenous’ political rights - such as the "customary" local elections or creation of an ethnic political party - were put in place. The modification of the relations between the various levels of government (public-municipe-community powers) and the reinforcement of the political autonomy of the municipes with indigenous population also fit in this dynamics. However, these changes do not transform the nature of the political system of Oaxaca in-depth: the mechanisms of political control, the imbalance between the authorities and the central structure of the system evolved little. It is what reveals the change of presidential regime in 2000, which, although causing an upheaval in the relationship State-Federation, does not prevent the persistence of democratic "discontinuities" and authoritative enclaves in a country marked by social, cultural and economic differences
Pallotta, Julien. "Politique et État à partir de Louis Althusser." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20077.
Full textThe dissertation is a study of Althusser's contribution to social and political theory. Indeed, although chronologically close to us, Althusser is often forgotten, if not repressed. By examining published sources (including Althusser's posthumous works) and unpublished documents from the IMEC library, this study tries to re-establish the Althusserian theory of the state - or the basic premises of a theory -, and to assess a possible "Althusser-effect" on French philosophy from the 1970s on, in the works of his faithful disciples such as Balibar, and, to a certain extent, Poulantzas, and unfaithful ones like Rancière or Badiou, as well as in the philosophical output of his most "intimate" enemies, Foucault and Bourdieu). There appears to be an insuperable tension at the core of the Althusserian theory of Politics and State. His view on politics is tom between two separate - if not incompatible - modes of existence; on the one hand, the idea of a continuous regulation of social conflict by the State, and on the other hand, the idea of a radical alternative epitomized by a hypothetical, necessary and improbable "out-of-the-State Party"
Ben, Mlih Abdellah. "Structures politiques du Maroc colonial : d'un "état" sultanien à un "état" sédimental." Paris 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA020042.
Full textThe political structures of colonial morocco are the result of the encounter between two "state-like" formations belonging to different cultural zones and historical eras. The interweaving of the sultan-rules stratum with the col lonial stratum gives rise to a particular type of "state" which i have called the "sedimentary state". The meeting of the two strata (sultan-rules and colonial) constitutes a moment of sedimentation understood as institutional consolidation and agglutination. In this sedimentary formation, the tasks of legitimation and documentation arre assigned to the power of the "sultanate". The protectorate, as a juridical-ideological category, is presented as the foundation upon which the "sedimentary state" is constructed. It supplies the themes of legitimation and initiates the cohabitation between the two coponents parts of the sedimentary system. The "sedimentary state" ascribes a central role to knowledge which constitutes an instrument for decoding and information gathering. Thus the soldier-investigator is the main character of the colonial administration. The joint need to partition the territory and control the population places him at the heart of the administrative apparatus. (. . . )
Iriqat, Dalal. "Construire un État palestinien." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010261.
Full textOukssisse, Mohamed. "Anomie institutionelle et politique au Maroc : un essai d'interpretation socio-politique." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H032.
Full textBabiker, Omer Abdelmagid. "La politique de l'enseignement au Soudan." Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA022019.
Full textMozzicafreddo, Juan Pedro. "État, mouvements et luttes sociales : processus politique portugais 1974-1976." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10001.
Full textNaudin, Christophe. "Géopolitique identitaire : le grand défi politique du XXIe siècle." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040129.
Full textThe western world society, since its origins, based its operation on the confidence which it places in the citizens. However this culture of confidence reached its limits today. Identity fraud is from now on one of the infringements which knows the strongest world growth. It has been pressed on our device of registry office, arranged with haste during the XVIth century and imposed on the rest of the world without understanding. The result, we pay it today with a great confusion in the world registry offices. The Western countries cannot really any more identify their fellow-citizens, without counting the citizens of the world who them also are entitled to a fixed and immutable identity in the respect of their traditions. Unfortunately, identity fraud was considerably developed since 1990 on the ruins of a good idea, before exploding from 2000. All countries are affected by this criminal phenomenon, which strongly destabilizes our society. There is only one solution : to copy mother nature while returning to the animal identification. Biometry, in other words, "measurement of life" is the only technology allowing the identification of people in a effective way. It will be soon experimented in many countries. Biometric documents are essential tools to protect public and individual freedoms. Identity is a right which should be highly protected. Fundamental freedoms of the XXIst century may be the first safety of one citizen: having a single and unique identity. A great political challenge to raise for the next decades
Fakhouri, Hussein. "La genèse et l'évolution d'un état périphérique : le cas du Liban." Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX32013.
Full textIn this study, we have highlighted the historic origins of under -development and dependency, as well as the established in the lebanon by european industrial capitalism. Under -development and dependency first became identifiable around the middle of the 19th. Century, when those parts of lebanon under ottoman rule became involved in european trade circuits, mont -liban began to specialize in spinning silk for european markets, and with the massive penetration of arab market by western capital. The result was a typical situation of unbalanced development and the dislocation of the local economy (origin of the phenomenon of structural dualism). The birth of the lebanese state in 1920 was a product of imperialism. Lebanon's achievement of independence in 1943 marked the beginning of a process of capitalist trans -national integration of the lebanese state along with national disintegration linked with a number of factors : the unequal economic relationship between lebanon and the central nations, a socio - economic crisis stemming from the structures of the lebanese economy and its regional and world role , a blockage in the lebanese political system, and the divergent pressures exerted by lebanon's regional and international environment. The lebanese system maintains strongly exteriorized relationships, which result in the "external" dynamic exerting considerable influence on the "internal" dynamic
Sarkis, Jean-Guy. "La légitimité dans un état pluri-confessionnel." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32005.
Full textThe present work refers to the general problem of the opportunity and the actuality of the notion of legitimacy concerning the specificity of the pluri-confessional lebanon state. Legitimacy is here apprehended in its relation with the religion. It is especially demonstrated how each of the three important monotheist religions refers to one of the weberian ideal-types of legitimacy : to judaism, the traditional model, to islam, the "charismatic" model, and to christianism, the rational model by reference to the thomist idea of common weal which was recovered by the doctrine of the church. It is easily demonstrated how this idea of common weal is the only one allowing various religions to live together in concord, and how it has inspired the institutional structures of the state of lebanon. The lebanese state may therefore be considered as structurally christian and not to be considered as founded on a demographic relation variable and conjonctural. The light primacy given to the christians in the political and administrative life of lebanon is not a supremacy, but on the contrary, tend to consider them as the authority which insures the idea of common weal and viability of the state. Yet this legitimacy suffers from attacks of the different confessions, which have, each one of them, a structural conception of its natural legitimacy. But if legality contributes to the establishment of the idea of common weal, legalism, tendancy as ancient as religion among orientals, contributes to maintain it. This study allows us to consider legality and legitimacy as two notions distincts but interdependants, and to make clear the cultural and humanist aspects of legitimacy
Kerrou, Mohamed. "La fondation du nouvel état en Tunisie." Toulouse 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU10035.
Full textThe new Tunisian state which succeeded the French protectorate is principalitie to all intents and purposes. It acquired an authority over the people using both weapons and low - and that ensured its stability and glory. Howewer, collective glory soon gave way to the personal glory, hence its breaking point from "machiavelian times" and the return to the "khaldounien times", is marked by the externality of the state towards society. The aim of the study is to verify the validity of this hypothesis by analysing the struggle procedures, the reforms that were introduced as well as the glory and its monopolisation by the founder
Fougère, Pauline. "État, idéologie et politique culturelle dans le Mali postcolonial (1960--1968)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5684.
Full textAl, Wardi Sémir. "La dualité état-territoire en Polynésie française, 1984-1996." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32005.
Full textFrench polynesia is an overseas territory which possesses a unique statute of autonomy within the french republic. What really makes this autonomy stand out is how competences have been distributed between the national and the local authorities. Whereas decentralizing powers came about quite smoothly over all of metropolitan france, such as not been the case in french polynesia where relations with the national government continue to be difficult if not tense at times. On one hand the principle of autonomy is felt incompatible with the very french conception of a centralized state, on the other hand polynesian elected official's attitudes have been inflexible over the issue of building up local powers. This lack of understanding between the two authorities, in great part, can be explained by the differences existing between the political culture of french polynesia and that of the french republic
Genet-Delacroix, Marie-Claude. "Art et État sous la IIIe République : 1870-1940." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010558.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the historical and sociological study of the objective and symbolical characters of the relations between state, art and the artists. Their interpretation in the general frame of the cultural anthropology of the liberal system is attempted at two different levels : - a socio-institutional analysis of the beaux-arts system in its different components (administrative structure; the "conseil superieur des beaux-arts", its work and history (with a prosopographical survey of its 344 members : 120 artists, 98 civil servants and art critics, 126 politicians); finances : budget of the beaux-arts; educational system and its artistic reforms; artistic market). - an analysis of the discourse on art in its different forms and functions (writings on art, artistic criticism, biography and autobiography), as well as of oppositions involved in the writer's work, between the professional art reviewers and historians and the artists -the professionals of artistic creation
Chovelon, Julien. "L' État et la représentation socio-professionnelle." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32007.
Full textTwo forms of people's representation coexist within the State. The first one, « political », is that we use to refer as far as relationships between State and individuals are concerned. It does not acknowledge any distinction between individuals, all of them being strictly equal to each other, thus undifferentiated and undifferentiable. Any individual can be replaced by another one within the system, everyone is a citizen. Here the State, as a juridical virtuality, is brought to life by the political system. The second one is « socio-professional »; it is composed of various elements and allows to consider the personal, professional and social status of individuals. It is based on the assumption according to which all individuals are characterized by a specific situation. . Between these two different conceptions of representation, only the political one is allowed to embody and exert sovereignty through the creation of Law. Nowadays questionings about the search of new ways to express peculiarity within the State, along with the correspondence between general interest and the actual interest of the Society which it embodies, leads us to wonder about the nature of the relationships between these two forms of representation. In order to answer we chose a double point of view. On the one hand, we analyzed ideological and constitutional history to identify a way to classify relationships between these two representations. On the other hand, and as a consequence of the first move, we tried to build a theory in which socio-professional representation could be integrated in the State so as to improve its democratic nature
Robin, Cyril. "Du rôle de la caste en politique : la représentation des Other Backward Classes sur la scène politique de l'Etat du Bihar, 1952-2005." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007IEPP0051.
Full textIn India, mainly from the first general elections held in 1951 by universal suffrage, the domination of upper castes over the main political party, the Indian National Congress, largely contributed to the marginalization from the decision making process of MLAs belonging to other sections of the Indian society. The objective of this study is therefore to describe and analyse the motivations - symbolic, descriptive as well as substantive - of elected members belonging to Other Backward Classes (OBC). The OBC category is placed between the two extremities in Indian society, namely the Scheduled Castes (SC), earlier treated as untouchable, and the upper castes who were not entitled to the advantages of compensatory politics. A study of the elections to the Bihar Legislative Assembly held between 1952 and 2005 allows us to follow the changes in the balance of power between elected representatives belonging to different castes and question the relationship between representation and the spread of democracy. For the first time after the 1967 elections and for the second time in 1977, OBC members were elected Chief Ministers of Bihar. However, it was only after the 1990 elections that a more radical change took place when, for the first time, there were fewer elected representatives from the upper castes than from the OBC in a North Indian state. Since then, politics Bihar has been mainly dominated by OBCs whose presence at the helm of affairs has increasingly brought to light their divergent interests
Martin, Denis-Constant. "Le pouvoir en discussion : État, structures sociales et culture politique en Tanzanie." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05H004.
Full textAnalysis of the political system of mainland Tanzania from 1961 to 1985. Description of the state of the nation at the date of independence. Study of the ideological, political, social and economic contradictions obtaining in the post-independence period. Description of the political crises confronting the government to : the armed forces, the trade unions, the cooperatives and some members of parliament. Assessment of the powers and obligations of the state and of the relations between state and party. Description of the enlargement of the state's domain and of the extraction-redistribution mechanisms it controls. Study of the processes of social structuration and reproduction. Articulation between social classes and political power: networks, factions, political machines and clienteles. Analysis of the emergence of an original political culture: political communication, registration of political messages, political idioms, symbolical procedures of reaffirmation of authority
Chakib, Ahmed. "Élites religieuses et pouvoir politique : essai sur l'énonciation du politique au Maroc." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR21007.
Full textThis study comes within the scope of historical sociology. Through this methodological orientation, we have tried to examine the modes by which the social and political order was created in Islam (the Arabic east) and its impact on the initial form of politics in morocco and their development. The political history of this country can the better understood if we take into account this impact. Yet, the thing which characterizes best Moroccan history ist the permanency of what C. Geertz calls the "saint warrior" model. Thus, we have tried to bring to the fore this model by stressing the specificities of the religious elites (sacred lineages, zaouia and sharifisme) and their relationships with the political power. These elites who will hold a dominating part until the advent of colonialism and the disappearing of the makhzen whose authority they recognized. But after some uncertainties about the political future of the country during the struggle for independence, the rising power of the monarchy now confirms the continuity of the geertzian model
Jin, Byung-Un. "Unité du peuple et son état." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010513.
Full textThe current world where we are living, is the final outcome of an universal process of construction. It reveals, like all kinds of construction, its plan with universal readability, and its authhor. An universal architectonics like this began to appear in the classical greece, and so we can actually read it through the plastic art which use the perspective and mathematical proportions, as well as in the speech which proves the pure regular form of language. All these cultural phenomenon bear the mark of athenian democracy. This one was also the birthplace of philosophie and theories of state. All these ideal and theoretic constructions suppose and imply that the human individual should have self-consciousness as a subjectivity which does not lose itself in the substance but asserts itself as a substantial value. However, the Greek foundation of western civilisation cannot be sufficient, because the greek mind cannot base her ideal construction on the absolutly free subjectivity. The author of the western civilisation will be the greek converted to christianity, that is, the infinite free personality. The present world is not an "être-là" but l'existence built by the free subject according to rational project
Manah, Ali. "La conception de l' État chez Proudhon." Besançon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BESA1004.
Full textThe State as social organization is the question which faced and faces from always the human society. It seems that the State was accepted as an optimistic idea ; especially when It became constitutional. It was it still more when It could build limits and borders between the individuals, then between the societies. Moreover, it appears that the administrative establishment is not only one means of service; but also a source of authority in the hands of those who control it The limits and the borders which were made by the State, became an individual and collective prison. Proudhon drew our attention against miseries of the State, and the idea according to which the State expressed the victory of freedom. By criticizing the State, Proudhon wants to criticize all the forms of the exploitation of the man by the man and the government of the man on the man. Trough his rebellious spirit, Proudhon will denounce the social heritage which ensured the longevity of the State and its attributes. He strives to destroy and wipe out the origin of all miseries created by capitalist thief, maintained and protected by the State. According to Proudhon, how can one create an Order without despotism and a Freedom without chaos? Which is the nature of his social revolution ?
Fabry, Pierre. "La Principauté de Monaco (1856-1999) : l'avénement d'une État souverain." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040193.
Full textWe propose to study the contemporary history of this nation - bit by bit saved from political and financial ruin by chance, culture, science, tourism and industry. From autonomy to independence, the governors and people forged the conditions of their future and survival. But this rapid expansion isn't enough to explain how Monaco reached its full political maturity in a Europe of large political powers while its territory was reduced to nothing. Political, social, and economical crises, the privileged but sometimes conflicting relationships of the prince and his subjects, and diplomatic relationships enabled the affirmation and the emergence of the principality. The history of Monaco is the story of a state not unlike those on the continent. With regard to culture, the economy, diplomacy, and social life, we are attempting here to uncover the fascinating destiny of this community that is deeply rooted in Europe
Kirongozi, Bob-Limbaya. "L'État "patriarchique" en Afrique Noire : prémisses, idéologie, structures, fonctionnement et évolution d'un état hybride." Nancy 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN20008.
Full textThe state in black Africa is a political project fundamentally different from what has been obtained and what can be seen elsewhere, particularly in the west. Many theories have attempted to explain this form of political organisation in more or less convincing way. In our opinion, the state in black Africa is a "patriarchie", that is, a political system based on the authority and the leadership of a person who is the "founding father" and who holds essential powers and creates filial relationships with the governed. This state is created by an institutional process of hybridation which borrows elements from the local socio-political system; these elements are conjugated with those originating from modes of organisation of foreign societies. In a strategy of carrying out leadership of the "patriarque", the "patriarchic" state creates a monolithic or pluralistic organisation. It ensures the stability of the government. By the ideology of "African authenticity", and also by the political violence and the "patrimonialisation" of the national economy. This type of state is that which we observed in Zaire, Togo, Ivory Coast and Gabon during the last 25 or 30 years
Marchesin, Philippe. "État et société en Mauritanie 1946 - 1986 : de l'historicité du politique en Afrique." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024108.
Full textShlomo, Meir. "Un état peut-il mener une campagne médiatique politique efficace ? : le cas israélien." Paris 8, 2014. http://octaviana.fr/document/185721389#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textIn the 21st century one of the most efficient tools to achieve international legitimacy is public diplomacy. The Israeli case during 2000 -2008 offers a vast array of information about a state public diplomacy system - relatively experienced and yet with a limited success. This research identifies the constraints and catalysts that affect the efficient use of Israel's public diplomacy. The accurate identification of these constraints/catalysts is a pre-requisite to offer a valid way to improve it. Indeed, the research findings reveal two major constrains of a state public diplomacy system: 1. The lack of a (if any) suitable public diplomacy strategy , and 2. The crucial importance of organizational culture in defining the success of any structural change. Based on these parameters, the research offers a different concept that is named "total public diplomacy". This concept is based on the abolition of the dichotomy between the event and the message and calls for a public diplomacy that is an integral part of the policy where policy and public diplomacy serve each other as a rule, i. E. , "The event is the message". This will be supported by a "franchise type" structure that is adaptable to its environment - the 21st century’s communication technology
Izquierdo, Jean-Marie. "De la faiblesse d'un État hispano-américain : l'apparition du Sentier Lumineux au Pérou." Bordeaux 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR40030.
Full textKohn, Judith. "Choix de politique commerciale et croissance : application à l'économie palestinienne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32051.
Full textCan trade liberalization promote the Palestinian economic development ? According to modern theories of endogeneous growth, we assume that oppennes fosters growth primarly through the transmission of technological knowledge. Thus should the Palestinian Authority opt for regional integration and to which state in the region should it open his borders ? To Israel, caracterized by its large stock of new technologies in spite of the development gap or is it more benefic to open to Arabic neighbouring countries like Jordan or Egypt, much closer to Palestianian stage of development but less advanced technologically. .
Araujo, Ubiratan Castro de. "Le politique et l'économique dans une société esclavagiste : Bahia, 1820 à 1889." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040194.
Full textTwo strictly political circumstances that explain two realities of the sugar economy in the Brazilian province of Bahia have not yet been deeply analyzed : on the one hand, the sudden burst of the sugar during the years 1820-1855, despite the stubbornness of the sugar planters in maintaining old exploitation structures using servile manpower and little progress in cultivation methods of the sugar cane or in the production of sugar and, on the other, the region’s economics collapse from the end of the 50's on. Thus, after the expulsion of the Portuguese tradesmen in 1823 the political alliances between the sugar planters of the Reconcavo and the tradesmen of Salvador, descendants from the same social group although politically and economically controlled them, succeeded in overcoming the slave rebellions and the apathy of the progressive forces of the lower classes of the bahianese population. The period of the Brazilian independence and that of the slavery abolition are interesting to study the politics and the economy of Bahia in the nineteenth-century
Lendja, Ngnemzue Ange Bergson. "Sans-papiers, figure du politique : hégémonie au Cameroun, État et cultures nationales en Europe." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082679.
Full textThis thesis reads the phenomenon of undocumented migrants (“sans- papiers”) within the political trajectories of the societies where it proliferates. Political and sociological theories are combined here with categories from other social scientific disciplines (anthropology, history, economics, international relations, etc. ) The problematic is structured on an axis where the historic sociology of the state, in its singular long range pathways, constructs the conditions of « production » of undocumented migrants and shapes their subjectivity. An examination of the sociogenesis of clandestine emigration from Cameroon, studied in the first part, makes it appear an effect of a crisis of resistant traditional forms of domination, itself caused by new forms: the rational and austere tutelage of multilateral institutions. The material and moral economics of fleeing elicits a narrative of governmentality in times of want and deviant behaviours (corruption, tribalism, clientele based politics, etc. ) that colonizes the imagination of the fleer in search of self and fascinated by “white man’s country”. In the second and third part, the thesis highlights how some countries (France, Germany, United Kingdom and Belgium) in the 19th century forged or reinforced artifices (nations, territories, borders, colonial empire, etc. ) and phantasms (invasions, pressures and flows) that became embedded in state construction and that live on today in European geopolitics and its denial of the undocumented. These artifices and phantasms nourish a governmentalisation of expulsion that social struggles, lacking synergy, have failed to contain (fourth part). In the last section, the thesis deconstructs the nation state and moves normatively to new configurations, in particular democratisation of control, for instance through European parliamentary control
Hénon, Jacques-Olivier. "La philosophie politique du federalisme et l'etat." Lille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL20009.
Full textThe political philosophy of federalism and the state is a demonstration of the antinomy of the two notions of "state" and "federalism". There are traditionnaly two conceptions of the idea of federalism: the first pertains to history and evolution of the united states of america, or madison's federalism, the second is about the philosophy of p. -j. Proudhon, from which the integral federalism is an echo today. Madison's federalism has to find a conciliation beetween the form of the state and liberty, with the liberty of his elements. The proudhon's federalism want to find a political organisation without a state. The two conceptions are mixed in this idea of liberty. The object of this work is to find a critical conception of federalism idea based on commons elements of the differents theory of federalism. The first part is articulated in three ideas for a presentation of a critical conception of federalism: individual, contract and liberty. The presentation of those three concepts emphasizes the antinomy of state and federalism. But the etablished fact of this theorical contradiction is not a purpose in him-self. The federal state exist and can be analysed, with the critical theory, like a resurgence of federalism idea better than one of his demonstration. The purpose of the second part is to search for a federal model compatible with our critical federalism's theory. The word "federation" can be defined and used in this sens. It is a juridical construction beetween federal state and confederation. A critical presentation of this idea is done and historicals demontrations are researched. Thus, we hope to have succeeded in elaborating a schema of the european community
Frotiée, Brigitte. "Espagne, de la politique familialiste à l'égalité professionnelle : la nouvelle configuration état-marché-famille." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010557.
Full textGalibert, Didier. "Les gens du pouvoir à Madagascar : État postcolonial, légitimités et territoire : 1956-2002." La Réunion, 2006. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/06_10_DGallibe.pdf.
Full textThe thesis concerns the formation of Madagascar's political elite in the years between the promulgation of the loi-cadre of 1956 and the accession to power of Marc Ravalomanana in 2002. The text is divided into three parts : the first concerns the contours of the national political space as this has been constituted during the postcolonial period. The second concerns the use of memories of the past to compose a sense of a national political territory corresponding to the island of Madagascar. Part three examines the unequal concept of political rights as these have emerged from the past. Old concepts of ritual status have combined with other influences to produce differing conditions of citizenship. By means of the historical analysis of some leading political families, the ideological aspects of inequality are considered in a context notable more for the relatively short duration of political careers than for constitution of veritable political dynasties
Labarang, Mohamadou. "La question de l'émergence d'une instance étatique au plan mondial." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100199.
Full textRowell, Jay. "L' État totalitaire en action : les politiques du logement en RDA (1945-1989)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0007.
Full textGherri, Abdelwaheb. "État et société civile : renouvellements d'un débat fondateur de la modernité." Paris 8, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA083654.
Full textMagliacane, Alessia. "Transition constitutionnelle et résistance : une étude comparée." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0034.
Full textWe begin by upsetting of the relationship between law and fact. Our analyse steps over the classical relationship between constitution (law) and revolution (the foundational fact), which produces a three stage model where steps and phases follows the paradigm of continuum (accompanied in the tendency by the evolution towards the Republic), but that between constitution and resistance. The focus is then upon the material discontinuity and the oppositional contraposition between orders of discourse. In these two historical models, we first discover 1) the actuality of a transitional phase embodied by the French clandestine state, as a suspension of the constitutional order until Liberation: it is characterized by the struggle for legality; 2) we introduce then another model, the insurgent state, that of the military Resistance in northern Italy, where one of the legal orders keeps the law and follow the former constitutional traditions, while the other, the insurgency, specifically aims at hegemony by a legitimacy to oppose, as a manner of resisting to the legality of the other. It follows that in the clandestine French-type state, the vanguard, both political and military, was immediately formed as a government assuming state legality as continuing (though in opposition to another state legality), whereas the relationship between People and Nation is not questioned. In the model of insurgent state, followed by national committees of Liberation in northern Italy, however, the effects does not limit themselves to the constitutional phase, spreading up to armed party (1974-1988), the fundamental problem regarding the relationship between people, nation and avant-garde
Mbadinga, Michel. "État, entreprises et développement au Gabon : contribution à une étude géographique." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30018.
Full textThe territory of Gabon east since the 19th century the object of multiple transformations. They were as of the departure does it colonial power, through the large companies of draft. Partisan of a colonization whose these companies would be the instrument, the colonial capacity waited they which equip the territory with infrastructures essential to its development. Since 1960, this action is from now on the fact of the State, through strategies of development and space organization. Through this study, it acts, for locating us the various actors and studying their various implications in the development and the space organization of Gabon. The gravity of the crisis which pass through considerable countries of Africa, Gabon particularly, shows that the policies of development recommended the shortly after its independence, did not have true repercussions. As, since the beginning of the years 1990, vis-a-vis concern as difficult the State to solve the problems which depend on its kingly capacity, the private sector from now on is regarded as the only able one to impel a new dynamics of development. Our research must thus try to answer the following questions: Which were the various strategies of develop and organization space recommended in Gabon, and which were their impact? In what the private sector can it be carrying hope of development and insertion in the world economy ?
Polo, Jean-François. "État, pouvoirs et société au Paraguay : cinq siècles d'autoritarisme 1537-2000." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010299.
Full textCerda, Garcia Alejandro. "Multiculturalité et politiques publiques : autonomie indigène zapatiste au Chiapas, Mexique." Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030015.
Full textParting from the link between multiculturality and public politics, this job analyzes the indigenous autonomy purpose that Zapatista Army of National Liberation has been constructing since 1994. Using the principles of the decolonized anthropologic research, it is analyzed the conformation process of the Municipio Autónomo Tojolabal Vicente Guerrero throughout the self-government, territoriality and social politics. It is proposed that the politics facing the multiculturality in Mexico are characterized by a colonialist relation that reproduce a dominant paradigm that have been generated from different problematic and contexts. This colonialism in multiculturality public politics is reflected in a neoindigenism that takes itself, resignifies and functionalizes demands that have been requested by the indigenous towns such as self-government, territory rights and interculturality in education and health fields
Alcaud, David. "La politique culturelle italienne : étude sociologique et historique de l'invention d'une politique publique (1861-2002)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003IEPP0001.
Full textAbdullah, Jamal. "La politique étrangère de l'État du Qatar (1995-2010) : contribution à la compréhension de la politique extérieure contemporaine d'un État du Golfe." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00841738.
Full textShibani, Mustafa. "Objectif prioritaire de la politique libyenne : création d'un état fédéral : thèse pour le Doctorat nouveau régime en science politique présentée et soutenue." Limoges, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIMO0428.
Full textThere is often a negative attitude towards libya as it is a country which is not well known and has not been studied very often. To assimilate the libyan regime to that of a totalitarian, dictatorial and even "terrorist" regime does not enable one to know and understand this country swell, for that would reguire a constant effort of analysis and research. It is in fact a country with a complex society under going constant transformation in depth. We would like to present the political and legal aspects of libyan institutions. We shall draw a detailed picture of the ideological evolution of kadhafi in order to offer a better understanding of the elements of the libyan political organisation in his past and to specify his ambitions for the future. This work also sets out the intricate machinery of the libyan political system and its relations with the nations concerned by federalism attempts. It describes the consequences of federalism and the relations of libya with the west
Beghdadi, Ymouna. "Politique culturelle patrimoniale de l'Algérie indépendante (1962-2010) : état des lieux, institutionnalisation, pratiques et stratégies." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010587.
Full textAfter the independence, Algeria developed a cultural policy for the overall management of its cultural heritage. An assessment of the former indicated deplorable cultural development conditions which were inherited from the colonial era. A policy of institutionalization of the different aspects of the national heritage was implemented gradually, accompanied by the implementation of important laws. The beginnings of Algerian archeology were characterized by empirical practices that typically arose from the lack of qualified human resources. A special attention was given to the Islamic archeology with regard to the significant delay that occurred in the ancient times. However, the difficulties inherent to the implementation of training, insufficient resources, etc...) have contributed to maintain the development of the heritage sector, unfortunately no to the desired extent. A case study that focuses on two the museums, the archeological museums of Cherchel ; the first site museum is of colonial design and creation and the second one is of an Algerian design. This case study highlights the strategies, approaches and practices of the Algerian museums
Nguele, Abada Marcelin. "État de droit et démocratisation : contribution à l'étude de l'évolution politique et constitutionnelle au Cameroun." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010255.
Full textThe year 1990 marked the beginning of a new kind of decomposition and recomposition of political systems in Africa. The protests against confiscated powers, the abolition of the absolutism of single party systems and the emergence of groups of political struggles kindled the awareness of African countries in the democratic dream for the rule of law. The Cameroonian evolution represents the major objective of this research in order to address the question of how Cameroon achieved the socio-political changes of the 90's. This process of change was partly in keeping with the spirit of the era, which witnessed the victory of political and economic liberalism. The society affirms the universality of human rights and an urgent transition towards freedom and democracy
Ado, Issa. "Fondements de la théorie du cycle en état d'équilibre, problèmes économétriques et de politique économique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX32012.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to explore the way according to which the business cycles are equilibrium phenomena. The tasks of the theory of the economic fluctuations with market clearing are to interpret the economic dynamics in terms of motivations and constraints of rational agents, and to predict the effects of hypothetic governmental interventions. In this prospect the research program is first directed towards the factors capable of altering the allocative power of prices, the monetary policy, which affects absolute prices, is accused of inclucing agents to be confused between absolute and relative variations of prices. However, no evidence has been documented that monetary shocks could produce the observed facts and the program has shifted towards the analysis of real business cycle (rbc) models. When information is heterogeneous, even when all specific (monetary and real) shocks and market equilibrium prices are perfectly known by each agent, it can be shown that decisions are non optimal, and errors correlated accross agents. The general problem of the interpretation of the correlations of economic time series and the conduct of economic policy is set up as a critique of the state of the econometric art. The models of the business cycles are advantageous because they help to answer many logical questions, but their hypothesis are sometimes ad-hoc
Chamakh, Douja. "État et pauvreté en Tunisie, analyse d'une politique publique, l'exemple du " 26-26 " (1992-2000)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010252.
Full textWass-Nocquet, Rachel. "Le Royaume-Uni : État membre de l'Union européenne : la volonté politique saisie par l'oeuvre juridictionnelle." Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT3009.
Full textThe United Kingdom was a late-comer to the European integration project [. . . ]
Rea, Andrea. "Immigration, état et citoyenneté: la formation de la politique d'intégration des immigrés de la Belgique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211905.
Full textBarb, Amandine. "Les dilemmes de l´État laïque : les politiques des accommodements religieux aux États-Unis des années 1960 à nos jours." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0034.
Full textUsing the United States as a case-study, this dissertation analyses one of the main dilemmas of the contemporary secular state: the conflicts between religious beliefs or practices and neutral laws of general applicability. It focuses, more particularly, on the issue of accommodations, understood here as an « adjustment of a legal regulation », designed to enable the exercise of a religion that would have been otherwise burdened, restricted, or made impossible by the law in question. The dissertation explores the development and the expansion of the politics of religious accommodations in the United States as granted by courts and lawmakers since the 1960s. A legislative, juridical, and administrative « tool » aimed at regulating religious diversity within a secular and pluralist framework in order to guarantee state neutrality as well as an affirmative protection of minorities’ free exercise, religious accommodations have also gradually become a political and identity issue in recent years. Indeed, they are not only claimed by minorities in search of rights and recognition, but also increasingly by majority Christian groups (Catholics and Protestant evangelicals), despite their socially and culturally privileged positions. Therefore, through the analysis of the politics of religious accommodations, this dissertation seeks to point out the basis, the successes, and the ambiguities of the « liberal-pluralist » American model of secularism as it developed during the second half the 20 century as well as the challenges it currently faces as a result of the changes in the American religious landscape
Potriquet, Ghislain Pierre-Yves. "La politique linguistique de l'Etat de New York." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030064.
Full textIn a first part, this study analyzes the institutional framework in which American language policies are elaborated; the Constitution of the United States and its amendments appear to play a major role in their elaboration. Since the adoption of national language policies in the 1960’s, federal influence has grown further. However, the language policy of the United States remains incomplete. The language policy of the State of New York, which is studied in the second chapter, supplements it by intervening in the fields of education and voting rights mainly. The language policy of New York is determined by, on the one hand, a structural City-State antagonism, and on the other hand, by the activism of Puerto Ricans who mobilized to assert their language rights. The last chapter of this study consists of a case-study; forty semi- conducted interviews were carried out with Russian-speaking immigrants. As a whole, they stress the importance of retraining in the language acquisition process