Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ethanol formation

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ethanol formation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Ethanol formation.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

Löser, C., A. Schröder, S. Deponte, and T. Bley. "Balancing the Ethanol Formation in Continuous Bioreactors with Ethanol Stripping." Engineering in Life Sciences 5, no. 4 (August 2005): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elsc.200520084.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Cronholm, T. "Hydrogen transfer between ethanol molecules during oxidoreduction in vivo." Biochemical Journal 229, no. 2 (July 15, 1985): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2290315.

Full text
Abstract:
Rates of exchange catalysed by alcohol dehydrogenase were determined in vivo in order to find rate-limiting steps in ethanol metabolism. Mixtures of [1,1-2H2]- and [2,2,2-2H3]ethanol were injected in rats with bile fistulas. The concentrations in bile of ethanols having different numbers of 2H atoms were determined by g.l.c.-m.s. after the addition of [2H6]ethanol as internal standard and formation of the 3,5-dinitrobenzoates. Extensive formation of [2H4]ethanol indicated that acetaldehyde formed from [2,2,2-2H3]ethanol was reduced to ethanol and that NADH used in this reduction was partly derived from oxidation of [1,1-2H2]ethanol. The rate of acetaldehyde reduction, the degree of labelling of bound NADH and the isotope effect on ethanol oxidation were calculated by fitting models to the found concentrations of ethanols labelled with 1-42H atoms. Control experiments with only [2,2,2-2H3]ethanol showed that there was no loss of the C-2 hydrogens by exchange. The isotope effect on ethanol oxidation appeared to be about 3. Experiments with (1S)-[1-2H]- and [2,2,2-2H3]ethanol indicated that the isotope effect on acetaldehyde oxidation was much smaller. The results indicated that both the rate of reduction of acetaldehyde and the rate of association of NADH with alcohol dehydrogenase were nearly as high as or higher than the net ethanol oxidation. Thus, the rate of ethanol oxidation in vivo is determined by the rates of acetaldehyde oxidation, the rate of dissociation of NADH from alcohol dehydrogenase, and by the rate of reoxidation of cytosolic NADH. In cyanamide-treated rats, the elimination of ethanol was slow but the rates in the oxidoreduction were high, indicating more complete rate-limitation by the oxidation of acetaldehyde.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Pérez-Mañá, Clara, Magí Farré, Mitona Pujadas, Cristina Mustata, Esther Menoyo, Antoni Pastor, Klaus Langohr, and Rafael de la Torre. "Ethanol induces hydroxytyrosol formation in humans." Pharmacological Research 95-96 (May 2015): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2015.02.008.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Tkalec, Gabrijela, Željko Knez, and Zoran Novak. "Formation of polysaccharide aerogels in ethanol." RSC Advances 5, no. 94 (2015): 77362–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra14140k.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ying Liu, 刘莹, 邵华 Hua Shao, 倪晓武 Xiaowu Ni, and 陆建 Jian Lu. "Formation mechanism of ethanol-water excimer." Chinese Optics Letters 6, no. 2 (2008): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col20080602.0154.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lewis, Russell J., Robert D. Johnson, Mike K. Angier, and Nicole T. Vu. "Ethanol formation in unadulterated postmortem tissues." Forensic Science International 146, no. 1 (November 2004): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.015.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Alexandre, Hervé, Fanny Bertrand, and Claudine Charpentier. "Effect of ethanol on yeast film formation." OENO One 33, no. 1 (March 31, 1999): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1999.33.1.1037.

Full text
Abstract:
<p style="text-align: justify;">In this study, we have investigated the influence of ethanol on yeast film formation and cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH). A yeast strain (P3) previously isolated from film yeast was grown in a medium containing increasing ethanol concentration ranging from 0 to 14 p. cent (v/v). It results from this study that up to 10 p. cent ethanol, the greater was the ethanol concentration, the greater was the growth of film. Using two different techniques (phase partition method, magnobead assay), we have shown that ethanol altered the CSH of the yeast. The measured hydrophobicity (p. cent) of cells grown without ethanol was 65 p. cent compared with 81 p. cent with 14 p. cent (v/v) ethanol. Taking into account the increase in CSH with increasing ethanol concentration which leads to greater film development, it seems likely that CSH alteration constitutes an adaptation mechanism which allows the cell to rise to the surface where growth conditions are favoured i.e oxydative metabolism. The role of CSH on yeast film formation was sustained by using a wine strain (3079) enable to form a film on the liquid surface, thus we have shown that this yeast possess a lower CSH (50 p. cent) compared to P3 strain (80 p. cent). However, CSH is not the only determinant for film formation since a respiratory deficient mutant (P3 <em>rho<sup>-</sup></em>) with high cell surface hydrophobicity (80 p. cent) could not form a film. Treatment of cells with lyticase which dramatically reduced CSH of P3 strain from 80 to 15 p. cent points out the protein or glycoprotein nature of the component responsible for CSH.</p>
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Owens, Charlene K., Larry V. Mclntire, and Andrew Lasslo. "Ethanol Inhibition of Thrombus Formation on Collagen-Coated Glass." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 63, no. 03 (1990): 510–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1645075.

Full text
Abstract:
SummaryEpi-fluorescent video microscopy was used to evaluate the effect of ethanol on platelet mural thrombus formation. Whole blood, treated with ethanol, was perfused over collagen coated glass in a parallel-plate flow chamber at a shear rate of 1,000/s. Digital image processing and photodiode measurements were used to analyze the dynamics of thrombus growth on this surface. Ethanol concentrations as low as 0.02% v/v were found to inhibit 45 + 33% (± S.D.) of normal platelet accumulation on the slide while 0.2% v/v ethanol effected an 82 ± 15% inhibition of mural thrombus formation. While platelet adhesion to the collagen surface appeared unaffected by ethanol concentrations up to 0.1% v/v, 0.2% v/v ethanol had an effect on adhesion as well as aggregation. These results imply that low ethanol concentrations inhibit the formation of mural thrombi in a model of a damaged blood vessel at physiological shear rates. This inhibition would not be detected in systems which measure bulk aggregation, e.g. in aggregometric determinations.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Mizukami, Masashi, and Kazue Kurihara. "Ethanol Cluster Formation on Silicon Oxide Surface in Cyclohexane–Ethanol Binary Liquids." Chemistry Letters 29, no. 3 (March 2000): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2000.256.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Dinda, P. K., M. G. Buell, O. Morris, and I. T. Beck. "Studies on ethanol-induced subepithelial fluid accumulation and jejunal villus bleb formation. An in vitro video microscopic approach." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 72, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y94-168.

Full text
Abstract:
Jejunal intraluminal ethanol causes morphological and mucosal microvascular injury. The purpose of the present study was to understand the mechanism of the morphological alterations caused by ethanol without the influence of ethanol's effect on the microcirculation. Therefore, we have investigated the ethanol-induced morphological changes in the absence of blood flow (i.e., in the jejunum in vitro) and compared these changes with those reported to occur in the presence of microcirculation (i.e., in the jejunum in vivo). The mucosa of jejunal segments was exposed to a control solution and to solutions containing 0.8, 1.6, and 4.8% (w/v) ethanol, using a specially designed apparatus. The morphological response of the mucosa to these solutions was continuously examined employing a video microscopic technique, and the changes were morpho-metrically evaluated on subsequent playback of videotapes. Ethanol caused a concentration-dependent increase in the number of villi with subepithelial fluid accumulation, i.e., blebs, and a decrease in the height of the villus core (i.e., lamina propria). With 0.8 and 1.6% ethanol, the contracted core remained partially attached to the epithelium and the total villus height (villus core plus epithelial layer) decreased. With 4.8% ethanol, the villus core contraction was so rapid that the stroma fully separated from the epithelium. Thus, among other factors, the rapidity of the villus core contractions appears to play a role in the subepithelial bleb formation and in the appearance of the bleb. The ethanol-induced changes in vitro are similar to those reported to occur in the jejunum in vivo. Therefore, we conclude that the effect of ethanol on morphology is independent of its action on the microcirculation.Key words: video microscopy, villus contraction, villus core contraction, bleb formation, jejunal injury.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

May-Carle, Jean-Baptiste. "Ethanol et moteur Diesel : mécanismes de combustion et formation des polluants." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843644.

Full text
Abstract:
Les mélanges GtL/EMHC/éthanol ont un potentiel important comme carburant alternatif pour moteur Diesel.Néanmoins, l'utilisation de ce type de biocarburant en moteur Diesel nécessite une connaissance précise de la cinétiqued'oxydation de ses différents constituants.Une étude bibliographique approfondie a permis de sélectionner quatre espèces modèles représentatives des mélangesGtL/EMHC/éthanol : le n-décane, l'iso-octane, l'octanoate de méthyle et l'éthanol. L'oxydation de mélanges de cesespèces modèles a ensuite été étudiée en réacteur auto-agité à haute pression (10 atm), pour trois richesses (0,5 ; 1 et 2) etsur un large domaine de température (550-1150 K). L'analyse des échantillons par chromatographie en phase gazeuse apermis de quantifier les principaux produits issus de l'oxydation des mélanges étudiés. Un mécanisme cinétique détaillécapable de reproduire l'oxydation des mélanges n-décane/iso-octane/octanoate de méthyle/éthanol a ensuite été mis aupoint. Les prédictions du modèle reproduisent de manière satisfaisante les résultats expérimentaux sur toute la gamme derichesse et de température testée en réacteur auto-agité. L'analyse du modèle a également permis de déterminer les voiesréactionnelles prépondérantes en fonction de la composition des mélanges.Enfin, la combustion de mélanges GtL/EMAG/éthanol a été étudiée en moteur monocylindre Diesel. Cette phased'essais, incluant une analyse approfondie des émissions non réglementées, a permis d'observer l'influence de laformulation des carburants sur l'initiation de la combustion et sur la composition des gaz d'échappements.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Xu, Deshun. "Syngas Impurity Effects on Cell Growth, Enzymatic Activities and Ethanol Production via Fermentation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3280.

Full text
Abstract:
A syngas compositional database with focus on trace impurities was established. For this work, ammonia (NH3) and benzene (C6H6) effects on cell growth, enzymatic activities of hydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and product formation were studied. NH3, after entering media, will be converted rapidly to NH4+, which will raise the total osmolarity of the media. NH3, as a common nutrient for the cell growth, is not the real culprit for cell growth inhibition. In essence, it is the high osmolarity resulting from the accumulation of NH4+ in the media which disrupts the normal regulation of the cells. It was concluded that at NH4+ concentration above 250 mM, the cell growth was substantially inhibited. However, P11 cells used in this study can likely adapt to an elevated osmolarity (up to 500 mM) although the mechanism is unknown. It was also found that higher osmolarity will eventually lead to higher ethanol per cell density. In conclusion, NH3 needs to be cleaned out of syngas feeding system. The realistic C6H6 concentration in the media coming from a gasifier was simulated in bioreactors and was measured by a GC/MS. The most realistic C6H6 concentration in the media was around 0.41 mM (upper limit 0.83 mM). However, five elevated concentrations of 0.64, 1.18, 1.72, 2.33, and 3.44 mM were doped into the media. It was found that at 3.44 mM cell growth and ethanol production were significantly affected. However, there was only negligible adverse effect on cell growth and ethanol production at 0.41 mM, which is the expected concentration in bioreactors exposed to syngas. Therefore, it is unnecessary to remove C6H6 from the gas feeding stream. A kinetic model for hydrogenase activity that included inhibition effects of NH4+ and C6H6 was developed. Experimental results showed that NH4+ is a non-competitive inhibitor for hydrogenase activity with KNH4+ of (649 ± 35) mM and KH2 of (0.19 ± 0.1) mM. This KH2 value is consistent with those reported in literature. C6H6 is also a non-competitive inhibitor but a more potent one compared to NH4+ (KC6H6=11.4 ± 1.32 mM). A KH2 value of (0.196 ± 0.022) mM is also comparable with literature and also with the NH4+ study. At a realistic C6H6 concentration of 0.41 mM expected in bioreactors exposed to syngas, hydrogenase activity is expected to be reduced by less than 5%. Forward ADH activity was not adversely affected up to 200 mM [NH4+].From the current work, NH3 should be targeted for removal but it is not necessary to remove C6H6 when designing an efficient gas cleanup system.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

廖兆霖 and Shiu-lam Edgar Liu. "The role of ethanol-induced gastritis in experimentally-induced gastric ulcer formation and healing in rats." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31223126.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Liu, Shiu-lam Edgar. "The role of ethanol-induced gastritis in experimentally-induced gastric ulcer formation and healing in rats /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21841585.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Berti, Rafael da Cruz Ribeiro. "Interaction of turbulent structures with ethanol sprays in mixture formation processes in a constant-flow chamber." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3150/tde-19092018-082453/.

Full text
Abstract:
The study in formation and evolution of sprays is essential for developing more detailed physical models and new injection strategies for direct injection internal combustion engines. In the present work, the sprays from a multi-hole injector are evaluated in an effort to characterize the effects of the spray development in a constant surrounding air flow. These interactions are studied in terms of the air turbulence characteristics, the inlet air mass flow and the fuel injection pressure. Ethanol sprays are injected in a constant-flow chamber. The apparatus purpose is to isolate the experiment from the fluid flow properties intrinsic to engine operations, such as instabilities and moving walls. The factors that affects the air-spray interactions were assessed with the air velocity fields in the presence of the ethanol spray. The two-phase particle image velocimetry technique was enhanced to allow measuring in the required experimental conditions. In all conditions, the interaction is based in a pressure gradient formed between the inner and outer regions of the spray. The results indicates a different mechanism when compared to quiescent conditions. The recirculation vortex at the spray border is present only in the initial injection stages. However, the end of injection transient, an instability initiated with the injector needle closing, is still present for these conditions. The interaction mechanism accelerates the velocity distributions towards the spray main boundary. The experiments indicate that the increase of the air mass flow modifies the air penetration velocity but without altering the interaction mechanism characteristics. Higher injection pressures suggests a lower degree of air interaction at the initial instants of the spray development. Turbulent intensity distributions are calculated for the air flow during the injection event. The distributions indicate that the sprays attenuate the turbulent intensity in all conditions, consistent with the observations of the velocity fields. To assess the effects of air turbulence, sets of interchangeable perforated plates are used to limit the integral scales of turbulence. The spectrogram analyses indicate turbulence is reduced not only in the integral scales, but also in all the measured frequency scales. The inlet turbulence integral scales of the air flow have little influence in the spray development. In the turbulence field, the power levels at the end of injection were similar regardless of the inlet turbulence integral scales.
O estudo da formação e evolução dos sprays é essencial para o desenvolvimento de modelos físicos mais detalhados e novas estratégias de injeção para motores de combustão interna de injeção direta. No presente trabalho, os sprays de um injetor multi-furos são avaliados em um esforço para caracterizar os efeitos do desenvolvimento do spray em fluxo de ar constante. Estas interações são estudadas em termos de características de turbulência do ar,do fluxo mássico de ar e da pressão de injeção de combustível. Sprays de etanol são injetados em uma câmara de fluxo constante. O objetivo do aparato é isolar o experimento de propriedades do escoamento intrínsecas ao funcionamento de motores de combustão interna, tais como instabilidades e geometrias móveis. Os fatores que afetam as interações de arspray foram avaliados com os campos de velocidade do ar obtidos na presença de spray. A técnica de velocimetria por imagem de partículas de duas fases foi aprimorada para permitir a medição nas condições experimentais. Em todas as condições, a interação é baseada em um diferencial de pressão formado entre as regiões interna e externa do spray. Os resultados indicam um mecanismo diferente quando comparado com condições quiescentes. O vortex formado na fronteira do spray é observado apenas nos estágios iniciais de injeção. No entanto, o transiente de fim de injeção ainda está presente para essas condições. O mecanismo de interação acelera as distribuições de velocidade em direção à fronteira do jato. Os experimentos indicam que o aumento do fluxo de massa de ar modifica a velocidade de penetração do ar, mas sem alterar as características do mecanismo de interação. Distribuições de intensidade turbulenta são calculadas para o fluxo de ar durante o evento de injeção. As distribuições indicam que os sprays atenuam a intensidade turbulenta em todas as condições, consistente com as observações dos campos de velocidade. Para avaliar os efeitos da turbulência do ar, conjuntos de placas perfuradas intercambiáveis são utilizadas para limitar as escalas integrais de turbulência. As análises do espectrograma indicam que a turbulência é reduzida não apenas nas escalas integrais, mas também em todas as escalas de freqüência medidas. Estas escalas integrais de turbulência do fluxo de ar de entrada têm pouca influência no desenvolvimento do spray. No campo de turbulência, os níveis de potência ao final da injeção foram semelhantes, independentemente das escalas integrais de turbulência de entrada.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lima, Nilton Cesar. "A formação dos preços do etanol hidratado no mercado brasileiro de combustíveis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-26012012-203133/.

Full text
Abstract:
O propósito do presente estudo é investigar a formação de preços do etanol hidratado no mercado de combustíveis do país. Esta pesquisa busca identificar como se forma o preço do etanol hidratado no mercado interno. A concepção teórica parte da compreensão da formação de preços abrangendo custos, economia de escala, fatores mercadológicos, econômicos e sociais na formação de preços. Em seguida, é realizada a contextualização do combustível etanol no mercado interno, como se caracteriza sua demanda e oferta, suas tecnologias e seus principais propulsores na difusão do mercado de combustíveis. Complementa-se com a caracterização do mercado internacional do combustível etanol e com os regulamentos ambientais existentes. Integrando-se as abordagens teóricas com a investigação realizada no setor de combustível etanol. O trabalho prossegue com a metodologia investigativa de atributos interno e externo para formar preços, o que motivou a escolha de uma metodologia baseada em estudos qualitativos e quantitativos, nos quais um complementa o outro em sua análise. Apresentando-se uma metodologia do tipo descritiva, exploratória e explicativa, a pesquisa proporciona reflexões e compreensão do mercado de etanol, que por meio de variáveis qualitativas preditivas, possibilita com o método quantitativo, explicar quais variáveis são significativas na formação dos preços praticados na revenda por meio do modelo de regressão linear múltiplo. Nesta etapa evidencia-se a contribuição em inferir quais variáveis explicam a formação de preços. De maneira secundária, a ferramenta estatística de Análise da Variância (Anova), possibilita identificar a vantagem do preço do etanol hidratado em relação à gasolina C no mercado interno. Pela regressão linear múltipla os resultados mostraram que os preços são formados significativamente pelos preços pagos ao produtor, distribuidora e custos de produção. Pela Anova, os resultados comprovaram também que a região Centro-Oeste foi a única que consolidou a vantagem do uso do etanol hidratado. Para ambos os resultados há reflexões explicativas que norteiam as razões e induzem predições acerca da formação de preços. Nesse sentido, uma reflexão estendida dos resultados permitiu analisar que a vantagem do uso do etanol hidratado na região Centro-Oeste, decorre das variáveis frota, bases de distribuição, tributos, produção e número de usinas produtoras. Com relação aos preços pagos ao produtor, distribuidora e custos de produção como principais variáveis explicativas na formação de preços, há evidências relativas por outras variáveis, que por mais que tenha sido apresentado coeficiente linear baixo, estes possuem relação causal, se complementados com a análise qualitativa, os quais, oferta, demanda, tributos e sazonalidade são, por exemplo, fatores que norteiam e dão complexidade à formação do preço
The purpose of the current study is to investigate the formation of the hydrated ethanol prices in the combustible market of the country. This research seeks to indentify how it is formed the price of the hydrated ethanol in the internal market. The theoretical conception comes from the comprehension of the prices formation involving costs, scale economy, market, economic and social factors in the price formation. Following, it is done the contextualization of the ethanol combustible in the internal market, as it is characterized its demand and offer, its technologies and its main propellers in the diffusion of the combustible market. It is complemented with the characterization of the international market of the ethanol combustible and with environment regulations existent. Integrating itself to the theoretical approach with the investigation done in the ethanol combustible sector. The work follows with the methodology investigated from internal and external attributes to the formation of the prices, what motivated the choice of a methodology based in qualifying and measurable studies, in which one complements the other in its analysis. Presenting a methodology of the descriptive, exploratory and explicative type, the research provides reflection and comprehension of the ethanol market, which by means of predictable qualitative variables, makes possible the quantitative method, explain which variable are significant in the formation of the prices practiced in the reselling by means of pattern of multiple linear regression. In this stage it is evidenced the contribution in inferring which variable explain the prices formation. In a secondary way, the statistic tool of Analysis of Variance (Anova), makes possible identify the advantage of the hydrated ethanol price in relation to the gasoline C in the internal market. By the multiple linear regression the results showed that the prices are formed significantly by the prices paid to the producer, distributor and production costs. By the Anova, the results prove also that the Center-West region was the only one that consolidated the advantage of the hydrated ethanol usage. For both the results there are explainable reflections that guide the reasons and induct predictions about the prices formation. In this way, an extended reflection of the results permitted to analyze that the advantage of the hydrated ethanol usage in the Center-West region, occurs from variable fleet, distribution basis, tributes, production and number of producer mill. In relation to the prices paid to the producer, distributor and production costs as main explainable variable in the prices formation, there are evidences related by other variables, which for more that have been presented low linear coefficient, there ones have casual relation, if complemented with the qualitative analysis, the ones which, offer, demand, tributes and seasonality are, as examples, factors that guide and give the complexity to the price formation
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Bjarre, Jonas. "Luftning i fedbatchodlingar av Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för bioteknologi (BIO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190743.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Pereira, Felipe Norte. "Solução analítico-numérica para chamas difusivas turbulentas de etanol com formação de NOx." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149170.

Full text
Abstract:
Os processos de conversão de energia tendem a considerar cada vez mais restrições econômicas e ambientais, tornando-se necessário o entendimento da interação entre combustão e turbulência. Esta tese tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de soluções numéricas para chamas difusivas de metanol e etanol, sob forma de um jato turbulento considerando a formação de NO. Como resultado, obteve-se um mecanismo reduzido de 16 passos para combustão de metanol e outro de 21 passos para etanol, mediante aplicação de análise de sensibilidade para o mecanismo detalhado de Marinov (1999). Estes mecanismos reduzidos foram empregados na simulação, e os resultados foram satisfatórios quando comparados com valores encontrados na literatura. Para determinação da geração de NO na chama, empregou-se o mecanismo de Zel’dovich. Devido a cinética de formação de NO por este mecanismo ser consideravelmente mais lenta do que a taxa de oxidação do combustível principal, foi possível tratar os dois mecanismos separadamente. Os resultados obtidos para formação de NO comparam favoravelmente com dados da literatura.
The energy conversion processes increasingly tend to consider the economical and environmental constraints, making it necessary to understand the interaction between combustion and turbulence. This thesis aims the development of numerical solutions for diffusion flames of methanol and ethanol in the form of a turbulent jet, considering the formation of NO. As a result, a reduced mechanism of 16 steps for methanol combustion and another of 21 steps for etanol combustion was obtained by applying a sensitivity analysis to the detailed mechanism of Marinov (1999). These reduced mechanisms were used in the simulation, and the results were satisfactory when compared with data found in the literature. In order to determine the NO generation in the flame, the Zel’dovich mechanism was applied. Because the NO kinetics formation by this mechanism is considerably slower than the oxidation rate of the main fuel, it was possible to treat the two mechanisms separately. The results obtained for NO formation compare favorably with literature data.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Cadieu, Jean-Claude. "Influence de l'expérience individuelle dans la formation de la préférence alimentaire et sa transmission entre les générations : étude chez Drosophila melanogaster et Serinus canarius." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30107.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Bouchez, Giret Aurélia. "Études des précurseurs de molécules prébiotiques en laboratoire et dans les spectres des régions de formation d'étoiles." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1941/.

Full text
Abstract:
Les conditions physiques et chimiques des premières étapes de la formation stellaire sont propices à la formation de molécules complexes organiques à base de carbone, oxygène et azote qui pourraient être les précurseurs des espèces prébiotiques découvertes dans les météorites. Des études suggèrent que cette complexité démarre avec des réactions chimiques sur les grains interstellaires et l'évaporation des espèces formées dans la région chaude de l'étoile en formation. Par ailleurs le lancement de l'Observatoire Spatial Herschel (HSO) et la mise en route de l'interféromètre ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array), permettent des études inédites à haute résolution spectrale et/ou spatiale dans les domaines submillimétriques et du térahertz. Ainsi de nombreuses molécules peuvent être étudiées avec une sensibilité inégalée sur une large gamme spectrale. Cependant, les données spectroscopiques précises permettant d'identifier les molécules complexes qui nous intéressent sont parfois manquantes principalement à cause des difficultés liées à la mesure et à l'analyse de leurs spectres de laboratoire. Durant cette thèse je me suis intéressée plus particulièrement aux isotopologues des molécules complexes, aussi bien d'un point de vue spectroscopique qu'astrophysique. L'étude des abondances de ces isotopologues (deutérés, 13C. . . ) dans le milieu interstellaire peut fournir des informations visant à comprendre les chemins réactionnels qui conduisent à la complexité moléculaire et ainsi contribuer à contraindre leur formation afin de déterminer si elle a lieu en phase gazeuse ou sur les grains. Dans une première partie, je présenterai les notions essentielles à la compréhension et la cohésion des deux composantes (spectroscopie de laboratoire et observations astrophysiques) ainsi que les différents outils utilisés lors de ces études; j'introduirai alors les différents types d'observations en radioastronomie. Dans une seconde partie, je développerai les études menées sur les isotopologues de deux molécules complexes organiques (l'éthanol 13C et le glycolaldéhyde deutéré) ayant un intérêt astrophysique. Ces études ont débuté d'un point de vue spectroscopique, avec (i) les mesures du spectre en laboratoire, et (ii) la détermination des paramètres caractéristiques des différents isotopologues. Ces travaux ont mené à la réalisation d'un spectre synthétique, ayant pour but de réaliser une identification dans le milieu interstellaire (MIS). Ces études ont continué d'un point de vue astrophysique avec la recherche des molécules étudiées en laboratoire dans des régions de formation stellaire. J'ai, dans un premier temps, effectué des tentatives de détection à partir des relevés spectraux existants: ceux-ci ont permis d'établir des limites de détection de nos molécules et ont mis en évidence quelques raies qui pourraient correspondre aux espèces recherchées. Puis j'ai réalisé mes propres observations afin de tenter de confirmer la détection et de montrer de possibles différences d'abondance entre les isotopomères. Je terminerai en ouvrant sur les perspectives pour des observations futures et pour des développements ultérieurs, basés sur ce travail
The physical and chemical conditions of the first stages of star formation are favourable for the formation of complex organic molecules containing carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen which could be the precursors of the prebiotic species discovered in meteorites. Studies suggest that this complexity begins with chemical reactions on interstellar grains and the subsequent evaporation of the species formed on these grains in the warm core region of the forming star. Recently, the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO) and the ALMA interferometer have begun to make available new sensitive high spectral and/or high spatial resolution studies in the submillimetre and terahertz domains. Thus many molecules can now be studied with unequalled sensitivity over a wide spectral range. However, accurate spectroscopic data necessary to identify some of the complex molecules which interest us are missing because of the difficulties in measuring and especially in analysing their laboratory spectra. During my thesis I have been particularly interested in the 13C and deuterated isotopologues of complex molecules, both from a spectroscopic and from an astrophysical point of view. The study of the abundances of these isotopologues in the interstellar medium could supply information to help us to understand reactions pathways which lead to molecular complexity and determine which reaction take place in the gas phase and which on grains. First of all, I will present the notions useful to understand this work linking molecular spectroscopy and radioastronomy as well as the tools used; also I will introduce the different instruments available for observations. Secondly, I will detail the work carried out on 13C-substituted ethanol and deuterated glycolaldehyde, two complex organic molecules of astrophysical interest. The work involved laboratory measurements and analysis leading to a set of molecular parameters used to subsequently produce predictions of astrophysical spectra for the studied species, under the physical conditions of the astrophysical objects of interest. These synthetic spectra were compared with existing spectral surveys of star-forming regions thus identifying several candidate lines that were unfortunately too limited to prove detection; they also allowed the estimation of maximum abundances for all species. Then I will describe our own observations taken with the aim of confirming the detections and showing possible abundance differences between different isotopomers of each isotopologue. Finally I will give perspectives for future observations and further developments based on this work
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

1931-, Friedman Herman, Specter Steven, Klein Thomas W, University of South Florida. College of Medicine., National Institute on Drug Abuse., and International Conference on Drugs of Abuse, Immunity, and Immunodeficiency (1989 : Clearwater Beach, Fla.), eds. Drugs of abuse, immunity, and immunodeficiency. New York: Plenum Press, 1991.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Mandatori, Paul Michael. Soot formation in ethane-air coflow laminar diffusion flames at elevated pressures. 2006.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

Bui, Van Ga, Le Bich Tram Truong, and Minh Duc Le. "Mixture Formation and Pollution Emissions of Ethanol-Gasoline/Ethanol-LPG PI Motorcycle Engines." In Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable Development (MMMS2020), 663–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69610-8_88.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Maitani, Yoshie. "Lipoplex Formation Using Liposomes Prepared by Ethanol Injection." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 393–403. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-360-2_27.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Gustavsson, Lena, Christofer Lundqvist, Elisabeth Hansson, F. David Rodríguez, Per Simonsson, and Christer Alling. "Ethanol-Induced Changes in Signal Transduction via Formation of Phosphatidylethanol." In Alcohol, Cell Membranes, and Signal Transduction in Brain, 63–73. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2470-0_6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Ingelman-Sundberg, Magnus. "Ethanol-Inducible Cytochrome P450 2E1. Regulation, Radical Formation and Toxicological Importance." In Free Radicals: from Basic Science to Medicine, 287–301. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9116-5_25.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Homeier, K., M. Imani, T. Münster, T. Kinkeldey, P. Werle, and D. Philipp. "Influence on Formation of Methanol and Ethanol in Oil-Filled Transformers Under Accelerated Thermal Aging." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 958–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31676-1_90.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Vazart, Fanny, Dimitrios Skouteris, Nadia Balucani, Eleonora Bianchi, Cecilia Ceccarelli, Claudio Codella, and Bertrand Lefloch. "The Ethanol Tree: Gas-Phase Formation Routes for Glycolaldehyde, Its Isomer Acetic Acid and Formic Acid." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2018, 730–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95165-2_51.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Nozhevnikova, A. N., and A. I. Slobodkin. "The Participation of Litotrophic Homoacetogenic Bacteriam and Methanothrix in Thermophilic Anaerobic Ethanol Degradation with Methane Formation." In Microbiology and Biochemistry of Strict Anaerobes Involved in Interspecies Hydrogen Transfer, 431–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0613-9_52.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Takeshi, Furuta, Yoshii Hidefumi, Miyamoto Atsuyuki, Yasunishi Akira, and Hirano Hiroshi. "Effect of Water and Ethanol on the Formation of Inclusion Complex for d-Limonene and Cyclodextrin System." In Biochemical Engineering for 2001, 762–64. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68180-9_203.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Yokoyama, Hirokazu, Yasutada Akiba, Masahiko Fukuda, Yukishige Okamura, Takeshi Mizukami, Michinaga Matsumoto, Hidekazu Suzuki, and Hiromasa Ishii. "Induction of NADPH Cytochrome P-450 Reductase in Kupffer Cells After Chronic Ethanol Consumption Associated with Increase of Superoxide Anion Formation." In Oxygen Homeostasis and Its Dynamics, 576–79. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68476-3_73.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kappus, H., and J. Kostrucha. "Ethane and n-Pentane Formation in a Reconstituted Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation System." In Eicosanoids, Lipid Peroxidation and Cancer, 227–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73424-3_25.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

Olabisi, Odutola Toyin, Ikiensikimama Sunday Sunday, and Dulu Appah. "LPG Hydrate Formation and Prevention using Ethanol and Methanol." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/178333-ms.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Stan, C., R. Troeger, S. Guenther, A. Stanciu, L. Martorano, C. Tarantino, and R. Lensi. "Internal Mixture Formation and Combustion - fro m Gasoline to Ethanol." In SAE 2001 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2001-01-1207.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Carvalho, José Eduardo, Florian Alain Yannick Pradelle, Sergio Braga, ANA ROSA MARTINS, franck turkovics, and Renata Nohra Chaar Pradelle. "TOWARDS A UNIFIED UNDERSTANDING OF ETHANOL IMPACT ON GUM FORMATION IN GASOLINE-ETHANOL BLENDS: COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS WITH LITERATURE." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-0207.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kawahara, Nobuyuki, Eiji Tomita, and Takuya Kadowaki. "Mixture Formation Process in a Spark-Ignition Engine with Ethanol Blended Gasoline." In Powertrains, Fuels and Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-1957.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Pradelle, Florian A. Y., Sergio L. Braga, Ana Rosa F. A. Martins, Franck Y. Turkovics, and Renata N. C. De Souza. "Experimental Study of the Influence of Ethanol Concentration and Temperature on Gum Formation during Prolonged Storage of Brazilian Gasoline-Ethanol Blends." In 24th SAE Brasil International Congress and Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-36-0169.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Liu, Fushui, Yang Hua, Han Wu, Xu He, and Ning Kang. "Effect of Ethanol Addition on Soot Formation of Gasoline in Laminar Diffusion Flames." In International Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-2396.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

de Melo, Tadeu C. Cordeiro, Pedro Caffaro Vicentini, Luciana Neves Loureiro, Ednardo Moreira Santos, and José Claudino Souza Almeida. "Ozone Formation - Reactivity Emission Factors of Light Duty Vehicles Using Gasoline and Ethanol." In 23rd SAE Brasil International Congress and Display. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2014-36-0252.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Zhang, Yaohua, and Yoshio Utaka. "Formation Mechanism and Characteristics of Liquid Microlayer in Mini-Gap Boiling System." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30281.

Full text
Abstract:
Experiments were performed using the laser extinction method to directly measure the thickness of the liquid film between the bubbles and heating plates in a mini-gap formed by two parallel vertical quartz glass plates for the dielectric fluid HFE-7200 at gap sizes of 0.15, 0.3 and 0.5mm. High-speed movies were also taken to measure the velocity of bubble forefront simultaneously. It was confirmed that the microlayer thickness was determined by the gap size and velocity of bubble forefront. At the region of small Weber number, microlayer thickness of HFE-7200 was obviously thicker than that of water, toluene and ethanol at the same velocity and gap size for its small surface tension. Furthermore, by nondimensional analyzing of experimental data, the empirical correlation proposed in previous study which was based on water, toluene and ethanol is still reliable for HFE-7200.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wakikawa, Masanori, Nobuhide Tachibana, Zhili Chen, and Mitsuharu Oguma. "A Study on Soot Formation and Oxidation of Ethanol / Diesel Blends Using the Two-Color Method." In ASME 2011 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2011-60089.

Full text
Abstract:
In this study, two dimensional distribution of flame temperature and soot concentration was measured with constant volume vessel by the two color method for diesel ethanol blends. As a result, because two factors of decreasing soot formation, which are low adiabatic flame temperature and high oxygen concentration, are synergistic in the beginning of combustion, soot formation is reduced remarkably. In the later stage of the combustion, the flame temperature does not fall, so two enhance effects of soot oxidation, which are early reversal timing and high oxygen concentration, are synergistic. Therefore, in case of diesel ethanol blends, soot formation is reduced by low adiabatic flame temperature and high oxygen concentration, and soot oxidation is enhanced by early reversal timing and high oxygen concentration. Even for an actual engine, soot emission will be decreased because soot formation is reduced and soot oxidation is enhanced.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Daggett, James M., Neal P. Sullivan, Robert J. Kee, Huayang Zhu, and Anthony M. Dean. "Ethanol Transport and Chemistry in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65229.

Full text
Abstract:
Biofuels are receiving significant interest as a source for sustainable, locally produced hydrocarbon fuels. While solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) can operate efficiently on biomass fuel streams, their use can prove problematic if process conditions are not carefully monitored, as carbon-deposit formation presents a significant risk. In this study, we examine the chemistry and transport processes underway when SOFC anodes are exposed to ethanol-steam mixtures. Through use of a unique Separated-Anode Experiment, this study decouples anode chemistry processes from charge-transfer, cathode-activation, and other electrochemical processes in an effort to focus on ethanol decomposition in SOFC environments. Experiments are combined with numerical simulations that include Dusty-Gas transport modeling within the anode pore structure, and elementary, multi-step heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical kinetics mechanisms representing fuel conversion within the anode. Process windows for deposit-free operation are postulated, and alternate anode architectures that minimize the risk of deposit formation are discussed.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Ethanol formation"

1

Lauer, Thomas, Michael Heiss, and Markus Klein. Impact of the Wall Film Formation on the Full Load Performance of an Engine Operated with the Ethanol Blend E85. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-32-0535.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Dahowski, Robert T., and James J. Dooley. Source/Sink Matching for U.S. Ethanol Plants and Candidate Deep Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Formations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/938572.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Ethanol formation' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography