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1

RODRIGUES, RHAISSA DE SOUZA. "BIODEGRADATION OF GASOLINE-ETHANOL BLENDS IN UNSATURATED RESIDUAL SOIL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25018@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>A contaminação de solos por hidrocarbonetos é uma real preocupação ambiental em muitas partes do mundo devido a crescente dependência econômica dos derivados do petróleo, principalmente os combustíveis fósseis que estão frequentemente sujeitos a vazamentos e derramamentos acidentais. Estudos capazes de entender os mecanismos de biodegradação dos componentes da gasolina no solo não saturado se fazem necessários, pois auxiliam no processo de tomada de decisões em relação ao gere
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2

Arthur, Daniel Tettey. "Hybrid thermodynamic life cycle assessment of gasoline and ethanol blends." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406030567.

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3

Kasseris, Emmanuel P. "Knock limits in spark ignited direct injected engines using gasoline/ethanol blends." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69496.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-134).<br>Direct Fuel Injection (DI) extends engine knock limits compared to Port Fuel Injection (PFI) by utilizing the in-cylinder charge cooling effect due to fuel evaporation. The use of gasoline/ethanol blends in DI is therefore especially advantageous due to the high heat of vaporization of ethanol. Additionally ethanol blends also display superior chemical resistance to auto-ignition, therefore allowing the f
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4

Alrayyes, Taleb. "The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on SI engine energy balance and heat transfer characteristics." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/29749/.

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Ethanol is one of a group of hydrocarbon fuels produced from bio-mass which is attracting interest as an alternative fuel for spark ignition engines. Major producers of ethanol include Brazil, from sugar cane, and the USA, from com. Reasons for the growing interest in ethanol include economic development, security of fuel supply and the reduction of net emissions of carbon dioxide relative to levels associated with the use of fossil fuels. Unlike gasoline, which is a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds suited to meet a range of start and operating requirements, ethanol is a single component fuel
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5

Dimou, Iason. "Particulate matter emissions from a DISI engine under cold-fast-idle conditions for ethanol-gasoline blends." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67777.

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Thesis (Nav. E. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-83).<br>In an effort to build internal combustion engines with both reduced brake-specific fuel consumption and better emission control, engineers developed the Direct Injection Spark Ignition (DISI) engine. DISI engines combine the specific higher output of the spark ignition engine, with the better efficiency of the compression ignition engine at part load. Despite their benefits, DISI engines still suf
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FILHO, GUILHERME BARROS DE CASTRO. "FLUX AND TRANSPORT STUDY OF PURE GASOLINE AND GASOLINE BLENDED ETHANOL IN UNSATURATED POROUS MEDIA." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11332@1.

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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>O derramamento no solo de poluentes imiscíveis com a água (NAPLs) devido a vazamentos de tanques de armazenamento ou dutos e acidentes de transporte é de grande interesse, pois o NAPL e/ou seus constituintes podem migrar através da zona vadosa até atingir o lençol freático e contaminar as fontes de água potável. No Brasil, a maioria dos postos de combustível e terminais de armazenamento possui tanques de etanol, gasolina misturada com etanol e óleo diesel. Um eventual derramamento ou vazamento de hidrocarbonetos derivados
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Tsirakos, Sebastiaan. "Gasoline‐Ethanol‐Methanol (GEM) Ternary Fuel Blend as an Alternative Passenger Car Fuel in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-220404.

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8

Ugwoha, Ejikeme. "Impact of soil organic matter on groundwater contamination risks for ethanol and butanol blended gasoline." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13052/.

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This work examined the impact of soil organic matter (SOM) on the sorption, phase distribution and transport of ethanol and butanol blended gasoline vapours after release. Microcosm and mini-lysimeter experiments were conducted using sand with varying SOM and moisture contents. Synthetic gasoline alone and blended with 10 - 20% ethanol and 10 - 20% butanol by volume, referred to as UG, E10 - E20 and B10 - B20, respectively, were used. Results from the UG were used as the benchmark to assess the impact of ethanol and butanol on gasoline compounds. The findings of this work illustrate the likely
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9

Ngo, Anh-Thu. "Environmentally responsible consumption of ethanol blended gasoline : behavioural determinants, economic decisions and politics of intervention." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27158/27158.pdf.

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10

Pau, Felipe Soto. "Análise experimental dos fenômenos da combustão e da emissão de gases em motores de combustão interna utilizando misturas de etanol e gasolina como combustível." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18135/tde-27032017-121239/.

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A utilização de combustíveis alternativos em MCI, visa a substituição ou a redução do consumo de combustíveis fósseis. Qualquer estudo do desenvolvimento de métodos e técnicas que melhore o desempenho dos motores usando combustíveis alternativos é de grande importância tecnológica, econômica e social. Com este fim, foi feito este trabalho de pesquisa, o qual consiste em ensaiar um motor usando misturas de 37% e 50% de etanol na gasolina. O etanol utilizado neste trabalho apresentou um grau alcoólico de 92 INPM aproximadamente. Os ensaios foram feitos em taxas de compressão 8:1, 9.5:1 e 11:1. F
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11

Neroorkar, Kshitij. "Modeling of flash boiling flows in injectors with gasoline-ethanol fuel blends." 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3445174.

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Flash boiling may be defined as the finite-rate mechanism that governs phase change in a high temperature liquid that is depressurized below its vapor pressure. This is a transient and complicated phenomenon which has applications in many industries. The main focus of the current work is on modeling flash boiling in injectors used in engines operating on the principle of gasoline direct injection (GDI). These engines are prone to flash boiling due to the transfer of thermal energy to the fuel, combined with the sub-atmospheric pressures present in the cylinder during injection. Unlike cavitati
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Neroorkar, Kshitij Deepak. "Modeling of Flash Boiling Flows in Injectors with Gasoline-Ethanol Fuel Blends." 2011. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/338.

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Flash boiling may be defined as the finite-rate mechanism that governs phase change in a high temperature liquid that is depressurized below its vapor pressure. This is a transient and complicated phenomenon which has applications in many industries. The main focus of the current work is on modeling flash boiling in injectors used in engines operating on the principle of gasoline direct injection (GDI). These engines are prone to flash boiling due to the transfer of thermal energy to the fuel, combined with the sub-atmospheric pressures present in the cylinder during injection. Unlike cavitati
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13

Hsieh, You-Ru, and 謝侑儒. "Effect of ethanol–unleaded gasoline blends on Internal Combustion Engine Generator energy efficiency and exhaust emission." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86a592.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>環境工程與管理研究所<br>96<br>This study is focused on fuel energy efficiency and pollution analysis of different ratios of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0, E3, E6, E9) under different loadinds. In this thesis, the measurement system consisted of a Internal Combustion engine generator, generator loading system, Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor (ELPI), BE-1000A gas analyzer and exhaust gas recirculation system. Different fuels, 95 unleaded gasoline and different ratios of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0, E3, E6, E9) were used to study their effects on the exhaust gas emission and
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14

Wu, Chan-Wei, and 吳展維. "Practical Application of the Ethanol-Gasoline Blended Fuels." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28381711850073369277.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>機械工程學系<br>89<br>This study is focused on engine performance and pollution analysis of different ratios of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels (E0, E5, E10, E20, E30) under different air/fuel equivalence ratios and the stoichiometric condition. We also make overall evaluation on ethanol-gasoline blended fuels. In addition, we use a stagnation-point spray burner with a water cooling plate to simulate the formation of combustion chamber deposits (CCD) in spark-ignition engines and the flow field of the stagnation-point spray is measured with phase doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) at th
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Huang, Chun-Hsing, and 黃純星. "The investigation of ethanol blended gasoline applicability in Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86697127639961961277.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>環境工程研究所碩士在職專班<br>99<br>This study is focus on the investigation of the environmental impact of E3 gasohol (a fuel mixture of 97% 95 unleaded gasoline and 3% bioethanol) based on the method of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In addition, for the public doubts of excessive water content in gasohol, water content inspecting analysis of E3 gasohol, sales amount statistic and public questionnaire survey were performed for understanding the use situation and public acceptance of E3 gasohol and evaluating the future potential of market. According to the results of LCA, the environmental
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16

Chun-Cheng, Chang, and 張峻誠. "Effect of Ethanol-Gasoline Blend on Engine Combustion Characteristic and Emissions." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74618374735939745828.

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碩士<br>崑山科技大學<br>機械工程研究所<br>95<br>The effect of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels different ration of ethanol-gasoline blended fuels under different opened throttle and engine speed on engine performances, combustion characteristics and emissions were studied. The test results were compared with the performances of commercial 95 unleaded gasoline. Ethanol-gasoline blended fuels were E0: 95 unleaded standard gasoline, E3:97% E0+3% ethanol, E5:95% E0+5% ethanol, E10:90% E0+10% ethanol, E15:85% E0 +15% ethanol and E20:80% E0+20% ethanol. The experimental results showed as follows: Ethanol could incre
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Lai, Yun-Wei, and 賴允偉. "Partitioning behavior of ethanol-blended gasoline and biodiesel into groundwater." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74614386595491382326.

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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>生物科技系<br>96<br>The dwindling fossil fuel sources and the increasing dependency on imported crude oil have led to a major interest in expanding the use of alternative fuels in many countries. Groundwater contamination by gasoline and other petroleum-derived hydrocarbons released from underground or aboveground storage tanks is a serious and widespread environmental problem. By use of a two-phase liquid-liquid equilibrium model, the distribution of nonpolar solutes between water (polar phase) and NAPL phase (nonpolar phase) was related to principles of equilibrium chemistry. Th
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Chen, Jing-Yu, and 陳靜玉. "Assessing Contamination in the Contaminated Aquifer by Ethanol-blended Gasoline." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44448170826952186056.

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碩士<br>高雄師範大學<br>生物科學研究所<br>97<br>In the past year the oil price has skyrocketed to a historical high. Many countries have adopted the policies to gradually increase the usage of biofuels. Currently there are ethanol-blended gasoline E3 and biodiesel B1 available in Taiwan. However, the potential risk of soil and groundwater contamination by release of biofuels may be enormous. Oxygenated additives (in particular, alcohol) can play the role of cosolvent to increase the solubility of hydrocarbons in water. In the contaminated sites, such cosolvent-induced effect may cause secondary contamination
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Yi-TingWang and 王薏婷. "Gaseous Air Pollutant Emissions from Fuel Injection Motorcycle by Using Ethanol-Blend Gasoline." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99368066276106485352.

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Wei-HsuanHung and 洪偉軒. "Impact of Ethanol Blended Gasoline on the Ambient Air Quality in Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57929540558726665654.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>環境工程學系<br>104<br>This study collect and arrange the data by USEPA and domesteic research about the emission factor of using ethanol-blended gasoline in light duty gasoline vehicle (LDGV), light duty gasoline truck, and scooter, then modify the gridded line sources emissions in TEDS8.1 which is used in Models-3/CMAQ to simulate the impact of using E3, E5, E10 gasohol within 2010 April and October in Taiwan. The simulation result shows that average PM2.5 concentration in E3, E5, E10 gasohol scenarios will variate 0.00, 0.00, 0.03 ug/m3 respectively; April’s daily average ozone co
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21

Nkazi, Diakanua. "Determination of optimum blend of bioethanol-petrol mixture using utrasonication for environmental friendly fuel." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/15488.

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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.<br>Increasing global energy demand as well as air quality concerns have in recent years led to the search for alternative clean fuels to replace fossil fuels. One such alternative is the blending of petrol (gasoline) with ethanol, which has numerous advantages such as ethanol’s ability to act as oxygenate thus reducing the carbon monoxide emissions from the exhaust of internal combustion engines of v
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Jhou, Yi-Bin, and 周倚賓. "The effects of ignition timing on single-cylinder engine with ethanol blended gasoline fuels." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49569822749215757030.

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碩士<br>南開科技大學<br>車輛與機電產業研究所<br>99<br>Since most people use motorcycles a means of transport, emission of air pollution is much more worse than other vehicles in Taiwan. Due to the fossil fuel crisis in recent years, alternative fuels have been significant for energy diversification. Therefore the study introduces an application of three fuels, 30% ethanol and 70% unleaded gasoline blend (E30), 60% ethanol and 40% unleaded gasoline blend (E60) and unleaded gasoline (E0) on the single-cylinder four-stroke motorcycle engine. The experiment proceeded to discuss the effect of ignition timing on engi
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23

Sun, Ruei-Hong, and 孫睿鴻. "Performance and Pollutant Emission of Four-stroke Motorcycle Engines Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blended Fuels." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86313897589021654391.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>生物產業機電工程學研究所<br>98<br>The effects of air pollutant emissions and engine performance of a single four-stroke 125 cm3 displacement motorcycle engine with it’s original carburetor using various ethanol-gasoline blended fuels were investigated in this study. The experiments were conducted at four speeds (30, 40, 50, and 60 km/hr) with five kinds of ethanol blending percentage (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% v/v) fuel conditions. Power output, fuel consumption, gaseous air pollutants, and aerosol air pollutants were measured to analyze their results. The results showed the power output was
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Jhang, Shu-Fu, and 張書輔. "The Effects of Manifold Inlet Obstruction on Motorcycle Performance Using Ethanol Blended Gasoline Fuels." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71410073821423838469.

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碩士<br>南開科技大學<br>車輛與機電產業研究所<br>102<br>Serious environmental pollution and exhaustion of fossil fuels caused by excessive use of fossil fuels will have a direct impact on vehicles powered by fossil fuels. Adding certain percentage of ethanol to gasoline has the benefit of reducing environmental pollution, decentralizing the use of fossil energy and improving the octane of fuel to reduce knock. In addition, basic amount of fuel injection is based on an intake air volume. A bad intake system has severely resulted in engine performance shortage and environmental pollution. This study experimentally
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Chen, Wei-Jhih, and 陳韋志. "A study on performances of single-cylinder motorcycle engine with ethanol blended gasoline fuels." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32838734027846250793.

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碩士<br>南開科技大學<br>車輛與機電產業研究所<br>98<br>Motorcycles occupy extremely high percentage of the amount in domestic short-range transportation because of their higher mobility. Consequently, the discharged pollutants from motorcycles are higher than those of vehicles. The emission of the pollutants from motorcycles has implemented the 5th standard in emission discharge regulation for improving air quality. Ethanol could yield from various plants and its advantages of heat features with a relatively high octane number, low C/H, and lower emission are different than commercial unleaded petrol. Ethanol is
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Chang, Kuo-Hsiang, and 張國祥. "The Effects of Compression Ratio on Single-cylinder Engine with Ethanol Blended Gasoline Fuels." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20975556124837420375.

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碩士<br>南開科技大學<br>車輛與機電產業研究所<br>100<br>Motorcycles occupy a high rate of percentage among domestic short-range transportation vehicles due to a high mobility, its pollutant concentrations is higher than automobiles though. Therefore, for effectively enhancing engine performance of motorcycles and reducing the concentrations from emissions, this research explores the impact on the engine output torque and emission concentration by changing the engine combustion chamber volume to increase engine compression ratio. The research determines the domestically produced 150 c.c. four-stroke jet engine as
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Kumar, Alok. "Experimental analysis of an ethanol blended gasoline in a fuel injected spark ignition engine." Thesis, 2009. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/6473.

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Cih-MinHuang and 黃慈閔. "Promote Ethanol-Blend Fuel Strategy on Gasoline Vehicle to Improve Hazardous Air Pollutants in Urban Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39733894983424723476.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>環境工程學系<br>102<br>This study investigated the effects of ethanol-blended gasoline, with various ethanol contents (E3 and E15), on hazardous air pollutant emissions and its ambient air concentration by using emission factor estimation model (MOBILE) and air quality model (AERMOD). Two tasks were conducted in this study, modify emission database and simulate ambient air toxics concentration. Tainan city is the study area to investigate the air quality variance between ethanol-blends and commercial unleaded gasoline (G95). At the first task, parts of module of MOBILE 6.2 were rewri
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Chang, Chia-Feng, and 張嘉峰. "Effects of Ethanol-Blended Gasoline on Emissions of Regulated and Hazardous Air Pollutants from Motorcycles." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92738938390569449113.

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碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>環境工程與管理系碩士班<br>97<br>This research investigates the most popular form of vehicle – motorcycle. Different concentrations of ethanol gasoline which are standard gasoline blended with 3% ethanol (E3) and 10% ethanol (E10) were examined with dynamometer and durability testing. The cold start emission testing pattern was implemented for the collection and analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and Carbonyl Compounds. The investigation shows the following results: (1) E3 and E10 consumption can reduce CO emission by 20% and 40%, respec
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Chang, Tiam-Ning, and 張天寧. "The Regulated Pollutants Emitted from Used 4-Stroke Motorcycle Fueled Two Commercial Gasoline blended Ethanol." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82309630079219493740.

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碩士<br>嘉南藥理科技大學<br>環境工程與科學系暨研究所<br>98<br>Abstract This study was aimed to access the generation or depletion of air pollutants including carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide emitted from the exhaust of 4-stroke motor engine simulating idling, 30 and 50 km/hr, respectively, cruising speed conditions. The commercial 95-LFG were purchased and obtained from two petroleum companies, CPC and Formosa, in Taiwan. Alcohol, the purity higher than 99.5%, was used as fuel additive blended with two target gasolines in 10, 30% vol. to test in this study. The results of those data reveal that the
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Shiang-WeiTien and 田湘薇. "Study of Organic Air Toxics for Vehicles Emission by using Ethanol-Blend Gasoline in Tainan Urban Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7k3bu7.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>環境工程學系<br>102<br>This study investigated the effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on organic air toxics emissions from on-road gasoline mobile sources and its influence on air quality by using MOBILE 6.2 model and AERMOD model, respectively. Three fuels were conducted as simulation scenarios, including one commercial gasoline (G95) and two ethanol-gasoline blends (E3 and E15). Tainan urban area was chosen as simulation area. Six major air toxics, including benzene, MTBE, 1,3-butadiene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, were selected as target air toxics. Health risk assess
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Ya-LiKe and 柯雅琍. "Gaseous Air Pollutant Emission From Fuel Injection Motorcycle By Using Ethanol-Blend Gasoline Under Different Driving Cycle." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46521378807891928959.

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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>環境工程學系碩博士班<br>100<br>This study investigated the effects of ethanol-blended gasoline, with various oxygen contents, on air pollutant emissions from four-stroke fuel-injection motorcycle without catalyst under different driving cycle. Three test fuels which contains 15% (E15) and 30% (E30) of ethanol by volume and with the fuel oxygen content of 5.35, 7.4 and 10.06 by weight were applied to power the test motorcycle on a chassis dynamometer, respectively. Ethanol was used as oxygenated additive in test fuels. The commercial unleaded gasoline was used as reference fuel in which m
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Hsin-RuTsai and 蔡欣汝. "Spatial Distribution of Organic Air Toxics Emissions from Ethanol-Blend Gasoline Vehicles by using AERMOD Model in Urban Area." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84120739133543441680.

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Wang, Chien-Liang, and 王建喨. "Analysis on the Development and Operations Strategy for Taiwan Ethanol-Blended Gasoline - A Case Study of C Corporation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/252t2y.

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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>管理學院管理科學學程<br>105<br>Natural resources in the earth are limited; however, the population in the world increases constantly. It is an urgent issue how to use possible methods to recycle or reproduce limited resources. Especially in the contemporary half century, there are global warming, goals of international convention in Kyoto Protocol, the rise of environmental protection consciousness around the world. And in Taiwan, the energy is almost entirely imported. Therefore, the development of recycling energy resources not only lies in the attention of environmental protection, c
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Wu, You-Cheng, and 吳祐丞. "The study of emissions from single-cylinder 4-stroke injection engine by using ethanol-blended gasoline and secondary air injection system." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75410849822513528375.

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碩士<br>南開科技大學<br>車輛與機電產業研究所<br>99<br>In recent years, the greenhouse effect and environmental protection is concerned for all people. Therefore the research to reduce pollutant emissions is still progressing. In Taiwan, transportation is one of majority of pollutant emission sources, especially, the emissions from motorcycles. In the study of reduction of pollutant emissions, except for modifying engine design, the most of research is focused on alternative fuels and after-treatment exhaust gas. In this study, secondary air injection system and 10%, 15% and 20% ethanol- blended gasoline fuels m
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