Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethanol/water pervaporation'
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kahwaji, janho michel E. "FORMULATION AND USE OF A PERVAPORATION MATHEMATICAL MODEL." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1432111781.
Full text(arican), Yuksel Berna. "Pervaporation Of Ethanol/water Mixtures By Zeolite A Membranes Synthesized In Batch And Flow Systems." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612891/index.pdf.
Full textC. The membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and pervaporation of 90 wt% ethanol-10 wt% water mixtures. v Pure zeolite A membranes were synthesized both in batch and flow systems. The membranes synthesized in batch system have fluxes around 0.2-0.3 kg/m2h and selectivities in the range of 10-100. Membranes with higher selectivities were obtained in batch system by using waterglass as silica source, seeding by dip-coating wiping method, and with a batch composition of 3.4Na2O:Al2O3:2SiO2:155H2O. The membranes prepared in flow system have higher pervaporation performances than the ones prepared in batch system in considering both flux and the selectivity. Fluxes were around 0.3-3.7 kg/m2h and selectivities were in the range of 102-104 for the membranes prepared in flow system which are comparable with the data reported in literature for batch and flow systems. A high quality zeolite A membrane was also synthesized from 3.4Na2O:Al2O3:2SiO2:200H2O hydrogel at 95 °
C for 17 hours in flow system. Pervaporation flux of this membrane was 1.2 kg/m2h with a selectivity >
25,000 at 50°
C. Although the synthesis method is resulted with high quality membrane, reproducibility of the synthesis method is poor and it should be improved.
McFadden, Kathrine D. "Reverse-selective zeolite/polymer nanocomposite hollow fiber membranes for pervaporative biofuel/water separation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39538.
Full textChen, Ying-Chun, and 陳瑩純. "Pervaporation Separation of Ethanol-Water Mixture Through Modified Polyurethane Membrane." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37254868284842869773.
Full text中原大學
化學工程研究所
91
Polyurethane (PU) membrane has a poor selectively for separating ethanol-water mixtures, but it has good mechanical properties and chemical resistance. Polyurethane membrane is suitable to be used as matrix. In order to improve the hydrophilic property of the PU membrane, utilize chemical initiation to graft hydrophilic monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), onto polyurethane membrane, respectively. The grafted membrane was applied in the pervaporation processes for ethanol-water separation. Changing degree of grafting onto polyurethane membrane with initial monomer concentration added was investigated. The effects of degree of grafting, feed concentration, feed temperature, and different kinds of hydrophilic monomer on the variation of separation factor and permeation rate were investigated. In this study, the factors of the initial monomer concentration, and monomer structure were affected the degree of grafting on the PU membrane. Higher and lower initial monomer concentration makes lower degree of grafting. The effects of degree of grafting, feed composition, operating temperature, and different kinds of hydrophilic monomer on the separation factor and permeation rate of ethanol-water pervaporation of grafted membranes were studied. From the experiment results, the separation factors of 99.07 and 387.12 and permeation rates of 6133 and 6196 g/m2hr for the PU-g-HEMA membrane with a degree of grafting, 17.79%, and the PU-g-HBA membrane with a degree of grafting, 38.11%, respectively, under the conditions of 90wt% ethanol feed concentration, and 25℃ operating temperature. Compared with PU membrane, which possess the separation factor of 15.56 and permeation rate of 4335 g/m2hr, the modified PU membranes show appreciable improvement in the performance.
"Pervaporation Of Ethanol/Water mixtures using PDMS mixed matrix membranes." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.15095.
Full textDissertation/Thesis
M.S. Chemical Engineering 2012
Yi-An, Liu, and 劉逸安. "On the Separation of Ethanol/Water by Pervaporation Using PEVAL Membranes." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49666936094447369617.
Full textWu, Tseng-tsen, and 吳政珍. "Pervaporation of water-ethanol mixtures through symmetric and asymmetric TPX membranes." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03126754057611493828.
Full textWang, Chun-Wei, and 王俊為. "The study on the purification of ethanol-water mixtures by pervaporation processes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13157332069887297912.
Full text淡江大學
化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
99
The mass transport of ethanol solvent dehydration process by using pervaporation (PV) modules has been investigated theoretically. Pervaporation modules were employed instead of the traditional ethanol-solution distillation process which was known as a high energy consuming process. Two operation systems were studied in the present study such as batch and continuous systems. The solution-diffusion model was used to describe the mass transfer behavior in dense membrane layer. Accordingly, the overall mass-transfer resistance from the feed stream to the permeate side was thus calculated with the aid of resistance-in-series model. A mathematical treatment in two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) has been developed by making the differential mass balance in the continuous PV system. The partial differential equations can be transformed into an ordinary differential equations (ODEs) system using finite difference technique and then solved by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The activity coefficient on ethanol/water mixture were estimated by UNIversal Functional Activity Coefficient (UNIFAC) method to obtain the partial pressure of non-ideal binary mixture for predicting the permeate flux across membrane. The influences of feed solution concentration, feed volumetric flow rate, and membrane material under fixed feed temperature on the mass flux across the membrane were obtained and the concentration polarization phenomena in the feed stream were also discussed.
Yan, Leng-Kai, and 嚴稜凱. "Preparation of Hydrophilic Polyurethane Film and Pervaporation Separation of Ethanol/Water Solution." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03680172982265130049.
Full text國立勤益科技大學
化工與材料工程系
103
Hydrophilic polyurethane (PU) films were prepared by adding hydrophilic monomer (2,2-Dimethylol Propionic Acid, DMPA).The polyurethane flim were used to separate ethanol/water mixture by pervaporation operation. The performances of pervaporation operation were increased with grapheme containing polyurethane flims. DMPA was used to substitute chain extender (1,4-Butylene Glycol, 1,4BG) to synthesis the PU films. It is found that the 0.5 equivalent DMPA substitution has the best pervaporation performance (Pervaporation Separation Index, PSI) 126006, and has a large pervaporation flux of 2306.13 g/m2 hr and separation factor of 54.64. Then graphene was added to the PUs will increase hybrid’s pervaporation separation factors. As with 0.007wt% graphene content of PU film, the pervaporation separation factor reaches 124.84 and 250598 PSI index.
Tsai, Chen-Hsien, and 蔡鎮賢. "Preparation of thin film composite pervaporation membrane for dehydration of ethanol/water solution." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30495716430405676681.
Full text嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系暨研究所
99
The purpose of this study is to prepare polysulfone basde thin film composite membrane for dehydration ethanol of solution by pervaporation. Polysulfone was used as supported membrane. 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl chloride (TMC) was as the monomer in oil phase and 1,6-diaminohexane was used as the monomer in water phase in interfacial polymerization method. The effect of polymerization times, monomer concentration, impregnating time of monomer, sequence of monomer immersing, reaction temperature, post heat treatment, and various monomers on the separation performance of composite membranes were investigated. In this investigation, it was found that much more polymerization times induced the layer separation between the polyamide film and support membrane. The significant defect strongly declined the separation factor of composite membrane in pervaporation. The immersing step is an important factor to dominate the thin film formation. This study revealed that the oil phase first is the best choice to prepare a defect free composite membrane. The results indicated that the oil phase first increased much more monomer in the support layer and benefited the polymer growth in the interfacial layer and produced a well structure thin film. It is concluded that considering the optimum monomer concentration, reaction time, post treat treatment could prepare a good performance of TFC composite membranes. The SEM observations confirmed that the thin polyamide film was well coating on the support membrane and it was also showed that conditions of polymerization significantly affected the thin film thickness on the composite membranes. The contact angle measurement indicated the hydrophilic properties of composite membrane can be improved by coating the polyamide layer on the composited membrane by TFC method. The evidence of polyamide on the composite membrane was carried out by ATR-FT-IR analysis. The strong C=O and N-H bands were observed on the surface of composite membrane. The high performance pervaporation of TFC membranes for dehydration of ethanol mixture can be prepared by considering the optimum conditions in this study.
Tsung-HanYang and 楊宗翰. "Study on PDMS/ silicon-containing filler hybrid membranes in pervaporation of ethanol/ water solutions." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84807131186380874005.
Full text國立成功大學
化學工程學系碩博士班
98
In this thesis, silicon-containing fillers (NaX, NaY, ZSM-5, OMS and silica particles) were incorporated in PDMS (poly( dimethyl siloxane)) to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid membranes. The fillers and/or membranes were characterized by Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer(XRD), X-ray fluorescence analysis(XRF). In addition, thermal properties of the membranes embedded with different amount of fillers were investigated by thermal gravimertric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, effects of the contents and types of filler in the hybrid membranes on pervaporation performances and swelling behaviors were also investigated. It is found in XRD results that there was no interaction between PDMS and embedded filler particles. The thermal stabilities of membranes were enhanced by incorporating filler particles in PDMS membranes. According to the swelling experiments conducted in this study, increasing in water swelling ratios was observed in NaX/PDMS and NaY/PDMS membranes; increasing in ethanol swelling ratios was observed in ZSM-5/PDMS membranes. On the other hand, neither water nor ethanol had significant effects on swelling in silica/PDMS membrane. As to the pervaporation experiments, it was found that both the total permeabilities and the selectivities of the hybrid membranes increased with the increasing contents of zeolites with high Si/Al ratios (e.g., OMS and ZSM-5). Furthermore, by comparison between OMS/PDMS and ZSM-5/PDMS membranes, it was found that increasing in pore size of the zeolite particles did not decrease the EtOH/water selectivity. On the other hand, there was no difference in the pervaporation performances in NaX/PDMS and NaY/PDMS membranes. It might be contributed to the defects between interfaces between PDMS and NaX/NaY particles. In addition, the effects on selectivity, permeability and PSI values were quite slight by incorporating silica particles in PDMS membrane.
YANG, KUN-HAO, and 楊坤豪. "Hydrophilic Modification of Polyimide/polysulfone Membranes for Dehydration of Ethanol/water Mixture by Pervaporation." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yprn34.
Full text嘉南藥理大學
環境工程與科學系
105
The purpose of this investigation is focused on the hydrophilic modification of polysulfone(PSF), poly ether imide(PEI), and polysulfone/ poly ether imide membranes on the improvement of separation performance of pervaporation process for dehydration of ethanol/water mixtures. The wet phase inversion method was used to prepare the modified membranes and posted coating poly ethylene imine for hydrophilic enhancement. The hydrophilic properties of modified membranes were tested by water contact angle measurement. The influent factors on the separation performance of modified membranes were included casting polymer concentration, poly ethylene imine concentration, ionization, feed ethanol concentration and operation temperature in pervaporation process. It was found that the increase in casting polymer concentration increased the skin layer thickness and improved the separation factors of membrane. The optimum prepared polysulfone membrane presented a 267 g/m2hr permeation flux and 334 separation factor. The best poly ethylene imine coating membrane showed a 200 g/m2hr permeation flux and 636 separation factor on pervaporation test. It is worth to noted that those modified membrane will be further increased the separation factor after using the chloride acid ionization. The permeation flux increased with increasing the operation temperature during the PV test due to the enhancement on polymer chain mobility of in the PV process. On the other hand, the feed ethanol concentration on the membrane swelling properties showed the significantly changed the permeation and separation behavior in the PV process. It is concluded that the modification of polyethylene imine coating and ionization exactly increased the hydrophilic of membranes and also improved the separation performance in this investigation.
"Experimental and Modeling Study on Pervaporation Separation of Ethanol and Water Mixture by Polycrystalline MFI Zeolite Membranes." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.39444.
Full textDissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Chemical Engineering 2016
Ji, Kai-Shemg, and 紀凱勝. "Preparation of ZIF-7 crystals and their composite ZIF-7/CS Membranes for Pervaporation Separation of Water/Ethanol Mixtures." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59773679024689043392.
Full text中原大學
化學工程研究所
103
In this study, different morphology of the ZIF-7(zeolitic imidazolate framework-7) materials were prepared by hydrothermal method, such as plate, sphere and nano-particles. Then, discuss to the growing of ZIF-7 seeds were effected by hydrothermal conditions.The as-synthesised ZIF-7 materials were successfully incorporated into the chitosan(CS) solution to form the mixed matrix membranes ( MMMs). The as-prepared MMMs were used to separate mixtures of water/ethanol at 25oC in the pervaporation process. The separation efficiency of MMMs with ZIF-7 materials showed good the flux and separation factor higher than that of pure CS membranes. However, doping too much ZIF-7 hydrophobic particles into the CS solution caused to ZIF-7 materials become agglomeration in the membranes.As a result, the flux and separation factor were decreased. In pervaporation performance, the MMMs with 0.5 wt% ZIF-7 nano-particles doping into the CS solution had higher flux (742g/m2h), separation factor (1582) and pervaporation separation index(PSI, 1174 Kg/m2h). At the same operational conditions, such as 90 wt% ethanol solution and at 25oC operational environment, the separation factor and the flux of the as-prepared membranes clearly exceed the upper limit of the previously reported CS based membranes and MMMs. The present work demonstrates better pervaporation performance of the ZIF-7 particles incorporated CS membrane for the separation of water and ethanol and the feasibility of using this system for pervaporation.
Wang, Shin-Min, and 王馨敏. "Preparation of polysulfone- poly -glycidyl Methacrylate semi-IPN membranes and their applications for the dehydration of water / ethanol mixtures by pervaporation." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50058125524337529743.
Full text嘉南藥理科技大學
環境工程與科學系暨研究所
98
ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation is to prepare a semi-IPN poly glycidyl methacrylate/polysulfone composite membrane for dehydration of water/ethanol solution by pervaporation. Utilizing semi-IPN technology with suitable dosage of cross linking agent, monomer concentration, radiated dosage, and initiator, the composite membranes were prepared and characterized the physical and chemical properties and their influences on the performance of pervaporation. In the first part of this investigation, the dry method was used to prepare the semi-IPN poly glycidyl methacrylate/polysulfone composite membrane. The effect of the PGMA content in the membranes on the morphology and hydrophilicity were investigated and the influences of the properties changes on the dehydration performance were also concerned by characteristics analysis. It was found that the radiated dosage and monomer concentration significantly dominated the content of PGMA in semi-IPN membranes and the increase in PGMA content also enhanced the water selectivity and swelling properties of composited membranes. Due to the IPN structure in polymer matrix, the selectivity of membranes increased and declined the permeation rate of permeate with increasing the degree of IPN. Thought the increase in monomer concentration enhanced the degree of IPN in the membrane, but the excessive monomer induced a homo-polymerization and lead to a decrease in the PGMA content in composite membranes. This homo-polymer induced the phase separation in the casting solution and further formed the micro-phase separation in the membrane formation. It is concluded that the optimum radiated dosage and monomer concentration in the semi-IPN solution are the key factors to prepare the homogeneous composite membranes. The second part of this investigation is to utilize the ring opening reaction with sulfuric acid to grafting the sulfuric group on the semi-IPN polymer. The sulfuric acid opened the epoxy group of PGMA to form the sulfonated PGMA. It was expected that the sulfuric group significantly enhanced the hydrophilic properties. The increase in the sulfuric group content in the composited membranes preferred the water selective property during the pervaporation and declined the water contact angle on the membrane surface. It is indicated that the hydrophilic properties of the polymer further increased by the sulfonation. The separation performance of pervaporation also showed the significantly improvement for dehydration by the semi-IPN modification on the polysulfone membranes. The third part of this study is to prepare the asymmetric membranes. It was found that the micro phase separation in the casting solution strongly declined the selectivity of IPN membranes. Base on the morphology observations and separation performance analysis, they were indicated that the polymer phase separation could not form a defect free skin layer and this factor dominated the decline of selectivity of composited membranes in the separation process.
Deng, Yu-Heng, and 鄧有衡. "A Novel and Efficient Mixed Matrix Membrane (MMM) for Pervaporation of Ethanol/Water Mixtures owing to High and Homogeneous Loading of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69672769485896599301.
Full text國立臺灣大學
化學工程學研究所
103
To overcome the problems of phase separation between polymer and fillers and low separation performance of a membrane at high filler loading, we have synthesized a novel and efficient mixed matrix membrane (MMM) by incorporating water-based synthesis of ZIF-8 nanoparticles into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes. The ZIF-8 nanoparticles without drying is preferred for the fabrication of PVA/ZFI-8 MMMs. The incorporation of ZIF-8 nanoparticles does increase both of the flux and separation factor of a PVA membrane. However, both of the pervaporation performances of PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs could be further improved by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA). The result shows that PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs with GA have superb performances on pervaporation separation of ethanol dehydration. The best flux and separation factor of PVA/ZIF-8 MMMs with GA are 0.486 kg/m2h and 4725 respectively when the doped amount of ZIF-8 nanoparticles is 39.0 wt%. The permeability is three times as much as that of pristine PVA with GA crosslinked and the separation factor is nearly 9 times as much as that of the pristine PVA with GA crosslinked.
Yang, Tzu-Huai, and 楊梓淮. "Solubility, diffusivity, and pervaporative flux of ethanol/water mixtures in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS-zeolite membranes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70412313502264000074.
Full text長庚大學
化工與材料工程學系
99
The sorption, diffusion and pervaporation (PV) behaviors of ethanol aqueous solutions in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and PDMS-zeolite membranes at 298 K are investigated in this study. The morphologies and the characteristics of zeolite, PDMS and PDMS-zeolite membranes were determined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The zeolite powders showed typical mordenite framework inverted (MFI) zeolite characteristics according to XPS, XRD and FTIR analyses. A dense PDMS film was observed, and the SEM images showed that the zeolite particles were well dispersed within the PDMS matrix without forming obvious defects in the PDMS-zeolite membranes. The sorption isotherms of ethanol and water binary mixtures were determined using the gravimetric method. The PDMS-zeolite membranes showed higher solvent sorption levels and selectivities (ethanol over water) than the pristine PDMS membrane. The Flory-Huggins equation and the universal quasi chemical (UNIQUAC) model were utilized to predict the individual sorption levels at various ethanol/water compositions. The concentration-dependence Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ12 and χiM) and UNIQUAC-HB theory (the UNIQUAC model accounting for the hydrogen bond effect) were employed to examine the improved efficiency on the prediction power. The Flory-Huggins model using variable χiM values and the UNIQUAC-HB theory gave better sorption prediction. The permeant diffusivities were determined by conducting transient sorption data and utilizing the Fick’s second law. Both permeants exhibited similar diffusivity from the mixture in the PDMS film. The PDMS-zeolite membrane demonstrated higher diffusion selectivity than the pristine PDMS membrane. The diffusivities from the ethanol aqueous solutions strongly depended on the ethanol sorption levels in membranes. In contrast, ethanol and water diffusivities from the mixtures in the PDMS-zeolite membrane were dependent on their individual concentrations in the membrane. The PDMS-zeolite membrane demonstrated higher sorption and diffusion selectivities than the pristine PDMS membrane. These results showed that the PV performance could be improved by blending MFI zeolites into a PDMS membrane. The liquids sorption levels, diffusivities and the Fick’s law were utilized to predict the PV flux for PDMS and PDMS-zeolite membranes. The predicted flux of the components was in agreement with the experimental data for ethanol/water mixtures in the PDMS membrane. However, for PDMS-zeolite membrane, the predicted component flux was lower than experimental data. The factors that caused the PV separation factor of PDMS-zeolite membrane to be reduced were still unclear and needed further study.