To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Ethanolamines.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethanolamines'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Ethanolamines.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ridgway, Neale David. "Rat hepatic phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase : enzyme purification and characterization." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29377.
Full textAbstract:
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) N-methyltransferase catalyzes the stepwise transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to the amino headgroup of PE. Successive methylation results in the formation of the two intermediates, phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME) and phosphatidyl-N, N-dimethylethanolamine (PDME), and the final product phosphatidylcholine (PC). PE N-methyltransferase is an integral membrane protein localized primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum (microsomal fraction) of liver.
PE-, PMME- and PDME-dependent PE N-methyltransferase activities were purified from Triton X-100 solubilized microsomes 429-, 1542- and 832-fold, respectively. The purified enzyme was composed of a single 18.3 kDal protein as determined by SDS-PAGE. Molecular mass analysis of purified PE N-methyltransferase (in Triton X-100 micelles) by gel filtration on Sephacryl S-300 indicated the enzyme existed as a 24.7 kDal monomer. PE N-methyltransferase catalyzed the complete conversion of PE to PC and had a pH optimum of 10 for all three steps. A Triton X-100 mixed micelle assay was developed to assay PE-, PMME- and PDME-dependent activities of both pure and microsomal PE N-methyltransferase. The AT-terminal amino acid sequence of rat liver PE N-methyltransferase and the recently cloned 23.1 kDal S. cerevisiae PEM 2 were found to be 35% homologous.
Double reciprocal plots for PE N-methyltransferase at fixed Triton X-100 concentrations and increasing PE, PMME or PDME were highly cooperative. Similar cooperative effects were noted when phospholipid was fixed and Triton X-100 increased. The cooperativity could be partially abolished if a fixed mol% of nonsubstrate phospholipid such as PC was included in the assay. This would indicate that PE N-methyltransferase has specific binding requirements for a site(s) in contact with the micellar substrate. The occupation of this boundary layer by phospholipid is essential for full expression of enzyme activity. Kinetic analysis revealed that PMME and PDME methylation followed an ordered Bi-Bi mechanism. The overall mechanism involves initial binding of PE to a common site and successive methylation steps involving the binding and release of AdoMet and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, respectively. Cysteine residue(s) (which are rapidly oxidized in the absence of reduced thiols) are involved in the catalytic mechanism.
Reverse-phase HPLC was used to fractionate the phospholipid products of PE N-methyltransferase into individual molecular species. Substrate specificity experiments on PE N-methyltransferase in vitro and in vivo revealed no selectivity for any molecular species of diacyl PE, PMME or PDME. The PE-derived PC, which is rich in 16:0-22:6, is rapidly remodeled to conform to the molecular species compositon of total hepatocyte PC in vivo .
The 18.3 kDal PE N-methyltransferase was found to be a substrate for cAMP-dependent protein kinase in vitro. However, only 0.25 mol phosphorus/mol of PE Af-methyltransferase was incorporated, with no observed effect on activity. Studies on PE N-methyltransferase regulation in choline-deficient rat liver indicated that activity changes were due to elevated levels of cellular PE. Immunoblotting of choline-deficient liver microsomes or hepatocyte membranes with a anti-PE N-methyltransferase antibody revealed no alteration in enzyme mass. While more work is needed, initial indications are that hepatic PE N-methyltransferase is a constitutive enzyme regulated primarily by substrate and product levels.Medicine, Faculty of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of
Graduate
2
Merelli, Bérangère. "Proinsecticides chiraux d'acides carboxyliques et de β-ethanolamines : effet de la chiralité sur la métabolisation et les activités biologiques chez l'insecte." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS0005.
Full textAbstract:
Les D2-thiazolines et les N-acylaziridines sont étudiées comme structures de proinsecticides d'acides carboxyliques fluorés ou non. Les D2-thiazolines ont été obtenues sous forme de racémiques et d'énantiomères purs par une méthode de thionation/cyclisation en utilisant le réactif de Lawesson. Les N-acylaziridines ont été synthétisées en condensant un acide carboxylique sur une aziridine obtenue sous forme racémique et énantiomériquement pure à partir d'oxiranes. Des méthodes d'analyse chirale de RMN et HPLC ont été mises au point sur les différents substrats synthétisés pour contrôler la pureté énantiomérique et pour évaluer la composition d'extraits de milieux biologiques d'insectes incubés par des racémiques de N-acylaziridines suite à une hydrolyse enzymatique incomplète. Les propriétés biologiques des D2-thiazolines et des N-acylaziridines ont été évaluées au cours de tests effectués sur Drosophile, Puceron ou Acarien. La métabolisation des molécules les plus intéressantes a été étudiée en présence de milieu biologique d'insecte (tissus de criquet ou de chenille ou a-chymotrypsine), sans prétraitement de l'échantillon, par RMN 19F ou par HPLC avec injection directe sur des colonnes large pore et des colonnes monolithiques. En présence de ces milieux biologiques, les N-acylaziridines étudiées se comportent effectivement comme des proinsecticides d'acides carboxyliques puisqu'elles le démasquent efficacement. Les D2-thiazolines se révèlent plus stables puisqu'elles nécessitent l'utilisation de milieux biologiques concentrés pour libérer une faible quantité d'acide carboxyliqueThe nitrogen heterocylces D2-thiazoline and N-acylaziridine were studied as potential proinsecticides masking the active principles : fluorinated or not carboxylic acids. The synthesis of D2-thiazolines, either as racemates or as pure enantiomers, were performed by thionation/cyclisation using Lawesson reagent. The synthesis of N-acylaziridines were performed by condensation of carboxylic acid with amine obtained as racemate and as pure enantiomer using oxiranes. We developped analytical chiral methods of NMR and HPLC to verify optical purity of different substrates. Then, these methods were applied to extracts of incubated insect tissues by N-acylaziridines racemates after a partial unmasking for the determination of the enantiomeric composition. The biological properties of these potentials proinsecticides were evaluated by several testings performed with various pests : Drosophila melanogaster, Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae, Tetranychus urticae. The metabolization of the most interesting molecules was studied in insect biological media (tissues of locusts or caterpillars or with a-chymotrypsin), without any pretreatment, using analytical methods such as 19F[1H]NMR or HPLC allowing the direct injection on particular packing material such as wide pore particles or monolithic column. In these biological media, N-acylaziridines beleave effectively as proinsecticides of the carboxylic acid, since the unmasking is very efficient. D2-thiazolines are more stable since it's necessary to use concentred biological media for unmasking a little of active principle
3
Vadapalli, Vatsala. "Role of N-Acylethanolamines in Plant Defense Responses: Modulation by Pathogens and Commercial Antimicrobial Stressors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30521/.
Full textAbstract:
N-acyl ethanolamines (NAEs) are a class of lipids recently recognized as signaling molecules which are controlled, in part, by their degradation by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). On the basis of previous studies indicating increased NAE levels in a tobacco cell suspension-xylanase elicitor exposure system and the availability of FAAH mutants, overexpressor and knockout (OE and KO) genotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana, further roles of NAEs in A. thaliana plant defense was investigated. The commonly occurring urban antimicrobial contaminant triclosan (TCS) has been shown to suppress lipid signaling associated with plant defense responses. Thus, a second objective of this study was to determine if TCS exposure specifically interferes with NAE levels. No changes in steady state NAE profiles in A. thaliana-Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and A. thaliana-flagellin (bacterial peptide, flg22) challenge systems were seen despite evidence that defense responses were activated in these systems. There was a significant drop in enoyl-ACP reductase (ENR) enzyme activity, which catalyzes the last step in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway in plants, on exposure of the seedlings to TCS at 10 ppm for 24 h and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to flg22 in long term exposure of 0.1 ppm and short term exposure of 5 ppm. However, these responses were not accompanied by significant changes in steady state NAE profiles.
4
Lewis, C. J. "Ethanolamine metabolism in yeasts." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384437.
Full text
5
Ashagbley, Anthony J. "Ethanolamine requirement and cell proliferation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23203.pdf.
Full text
6
Kilaru, Aruna. "Role of Fatty Acid Ethanolamides in Plants." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4767.
Full text
7
Gibellini, Federica. "The ethanolamine branch of the Kennedy pathway in Trypanosoma brucei." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510655.
Full text
8
Sibomana, Isaie. "Evidence That Myo-Inositol Plus Ethanolamine Elevates Plasmalogen Levels And Lends Protection Against Oxidative Stress In Neuro-2A Cells." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1484661880801698.
Full text
9
Kilaru, Aruna. "Fatty Acid Ethanolamide Metabolism Influences Growth and Stress Responses." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4773.
Full text
10
Sriparameswaran, Anuja. "Subcellular Localization of N-acylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine Synthase in Cotyledons of Cotton Seedlings." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278717/.
Full textAbstract:
N-acylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) with free fatty acids catalyzed by N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) synthase was reported in cotyledons of 24-h-old cotton seedlings. Here I report subcellular localization of this enzyme. Differential centrifugation, sucrose density gradient fractionation,aqueous two-phase partitioning and electron microscopy techniques were utilized to elucidate subcellular site(s) of NAPE synthase. Marker enzymes were used to locate organelles in subcellular fractions. Differential centrifugation indicated that NAPE synthase is present in more than one organelle and it is a membrane bound enzyme. Sucrose density gradient fractionations indicated that NAPE synthase is present in membranes derived from endoplasmic reticulum (ER),Golgi and possibly plasma membrane (PM) but not mitochondria, glyoxysomes or plastids. Aqueous two-phase partitioning experiments with cotton and spinach tissues supported these results but Goigi appeared to be the major site of NAPE synthesis. Electron microscopy of subcellular fractions was used to examine isolated fractions to provide visual confirmation of our biochemical results. Collectively, these results indicate that NAPE is synthesized in plant ER, Golgi and possibly PM.
11
Smart, Sean Christopher. "NMR examinations of control and ischemic rodent brain tissue." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309450.
Full text
12
McCorquodale, Donald S. III. "Identification of Novel Phospholipid Related Functions of Mitofusin 2 in Cell Models of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease 2A." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/580.
Full textAbstract:
The mitofusin 1 and 2 (MFN and MFN2) proteins reside in the outer mitochondrial membrane and have been shown to regulate mitochondrial network architecture by mediating tethering and fusion of mitochondria. Mitochondria normally form a tubular and branched reticular network dynamically regulated by a balance of fusion and fission events. Absence of either Mfn1 or Mfn2 results in a fragmented mitochondrial network. Züchner et al. previously described mutations in the gene mitofusin 2 (MFN2) as the cause of the major autosomal-dominant, axonal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (CMT2A). CMT type 2 (CMT2) is characterized by chronic axonal degeneration of peripheral nerves leading to the loss of functional nerve fibers. Mutations in MFN2 are the most common cause of CMT2, and in Chapter 2 we report the results from a genetic screen of MFN2 in a CMT2 patient cohort. The original finding that mutations in MFN2 cause CMT2A led to investigations focused on deficiencies of mitochondrial fusion and transport, specifically in the context of long axonal processes affected in CMT. While some experimental work supports disrupted mitochondrial transport in the etiology of CMT2A, other studies on CMT2A patient fibroblasts and cell models suggest abnormal mitochondrial fusion and dynamics do not underlie the etiology of this. In the first half of Chapter 3, we present some of our initial investigations prior to de Brito and Scorrano’s report published in 2008 regarding a novel role for Mfn2 in tethering the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria. In Mfn2 null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) regions of contact between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are significantly reduced. These regions of contact are thought to form specialized subdomains of the ER, called mitochondrial associated membranes (MAM). Besides observing a fragmented ER network in Mfn2 knockout (KO) mouse embryonic (MEF) cells, de Brito and Scorrano presented several lines of evidence which suggest that the underlying pathogenic mechanism in CMT2A stems from disrupted ER-mitochondria. As this observation had not been replicated in the literature, we describe our attempts to replicate these finding in the last half of Chapter 3. The MAM represents a sub-domain of the ER in close association with the mitochondrial outer membrane. The movement of phosphatidylserine (PS) from the MAM domains of the ER to mitochondria and its subsequent decarboxylation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) by the enzyme PS decarboxylase (Pisd) has been well characterized and is known to depend on the existence of an outer mitochondrial membrane protein. As PE has curvature inducing and fusogenic biophysical characteristics, a deficiency in PE would be an attractive mechanism contributing to the morphological and fusion defects observed in Mfn2 null cell models. We hypothesized that loss of Mfn2 would lead to specific decreases in mitochondrial and cellular levels of PE. Chapter 4 describes experiments designed to test this hypothesis. We observed significantly lower levels of PE in Mfn2 null cells, yet observe similar changes in Mfn1 null cells. Likewise, other lipid species such as ether linked PE (ePE) are decreased. To investigate how CMT2A mutations in MFN2 influence cellular phospholipid profiles, we then profiled cellular phospholipids of CMT2A patients and control lymphoblasts. We hypothesized that mutations in MFN2 would result in decreased levels of PE. In Chapter 5, we report the results of a phospholipid screen which reveal changes in ePE in CMT2A patient lymphoblasts, without the drastic decreases in PE previously observed in Mfn2 null lines. In conclusion, our data indicates an important role for both mitofusins in the mitochondrial synthesis of PE. In the context of CMT2A mutations, ePE levels are specifically reduced. Future studies may reveal how deficiencies in ePE might have important functional consequences in the pathogenesis of CMT2A.
13
Heilkenbrinker, Alexandra [Verfasser]. "Aptamer-basierte Detektion kleiner, flüchtiger Moleküle am Beispiel von Ethanolamin / Alexandra Heilkenbrinker." Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078751455/34.
Full text
14
Gouedard, Camille. "Novel degradation products of ethanolamine (MEA) in CO2 capture conditions : identification, mechanisms proposal and transposition to other amines." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066193/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le captage du CO2 en postcombustion par absorption dans des solutions aqueuses d'amines est la technologie la plus mature pour réduire les émissions de gaz à effets de serre. Cependant, les amines utilisées sont susceptibles de réagir avec l'oxygène présent dans les fumées pour former de nouveaux composés qui peuvent être émis à l'atmosphère et avoir des conséquences sur l'environnement et la santé humaine.. L'objectif de cette thèse était donc d'identifier le maximum de produits de dégradation des amines grâce au développement de différentes techniques analytiques et d'échantillonnage, notamment pour l'analyse de la phase gaz. Ainsi plus de soixante produits issus de la dégradation de la monoéthanolamine (MEA) en pilote de captage du CO2 ont été identifiés. Une trentaine de ces produits sont nouveaux, ils sont souvent issus d'une même famille comme les pyrazines ou les oxazolines ou ils peuvent être caractérisés par l'allongement de la chaine carbonée (C2 entre deux hétéroatomes à C5).Des mécanismes basés sur des réactions d'alkylation/de désalkylation, la formation d'aldéhydes ou de cétones, l'amidification, l'aldolisation, la réaction d'Eschweiler Clarke, la formation de pyridines ont été proposés pour expliquer la formation de tous les nouveaux produits de dégradation et validés, dans la plupart des cas, en mélangeant les réactifs proposés dans le mécanisme. Finalement, il a été montré que la transposition de ces schémas réactionnels à trois autres amines (N-méthylaminoéthanolamine, 1-aminopropan-2-ol, 3-aminopropan-1-ol) a permis de prédire leurs produits de dégradationThe CO2 post-combustion capture with aqueous solutions of amines is the most mature technology to reduce greenhouse gases emissions. However chemical absorption is suffering from the degradation of amines mainly due to the presence of O2 in flue gases. Formed products, which could be rejected to atmosphere, may be detrimental to environment and human health. The aim of this thesis was to identify as many degradation products as possible thanks to the development of different sampling and analytical methods especially for gas phase analysis. Thus more than sixty products issued from monoethanolamaine (MEA) degradation were observed in pilot plant samples. Thirty of them are novel, they often belong to the same family as pyrazines or oxazolines, or they could be characterized by the increase of carbon chain lengths (C2 between two heteroatoms to C5).Mechanisms such as alkylation/dealkylation, aldehydes/ketones formation, amidification, aldolisation, Eschweiler Clarke, pyridines formation were proposed to explain the formation of novel products and were, most of the time, validated by mixing the reactants proposed in the mechanism. Finally, it has been shown that the transposition of these reactions to three other amines (N-methylaminoethanolamine, 1-aminopropan-2-ol, 3-aminopropan-1-ol) enabled us to predict their degradation products
15
Pu, Shuaihua. "The Effect of Consuming Canola and Flax Oils in Modulation of Vascular Function and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease RisksThe Effect of Consuming Canola and Flax Oils in Modulation of Vascular Function and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease Risks." BioMed Central, the American Society for Nutrition, Cambridge, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31256.
Full textAbstract:
It is well established that replacing dietary saturated fatty acids with unsaturated fatty acids reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Although epidemiological and clinical evidence indicate health benefits of consuming various fatty acid classes including n-9, n-6, and short- and longer-chain n-3 fatty acids, current dietary recommendations fall short of providing the optimal amounts of these fatty acids in daily diets. In addition, significant knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of the effects of, and mechanisms underpinning the action of, the various fatty acid classes on risk factors for CVD. The objective of this research was to contribute to the evaluation of health benefits of using different dietary oils, and determine how these benefits may play a role in improving public health and decreasing CVD risk. Additionally, this research examined effects of diet-gene interactions, endogenous fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs) on body fat mass distribution as well as changes in the composition of gut microbiota following consumption of dietary oil treatments. The Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT) was conducted as a 5-phase randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over clinical trial. Each 4-wk treatment period was separated by 4-wk washout intervals. A total of 130 volunteers with abdominal obesity consumed each of 5 identical weight-maintaining, fixed-composition diets with one of the following treatment oils (60 g/3000 kcal) in the form of beverages: 1) conventional canola oil (Canola; n-9 rich), 2) high–oleic acid canola oil with docosahexaenoic acid (CanolaDHA; n-9 and n-3 rich), 3) a blend of corn and safflower oil (25:75) (CornSaff; n-6 rich), 4) a blend of flax and safflower oils (60:40) (FlaxSaff; n-6 and short-chain n-3 rich), and 5) high–oleic acid canola oil (CanolaOleic; highest in n-9). At endpoints, plasma fatty acid levels reflected the differences in fatty acid composition of five dietary treatments. All diets lowered total cholesterol (TC) compared with baseline. TC was lowest after the FlaxSaff phase and highest after CanolaDHA. The CanolaDHA treatment improved HDL-C, triglycerides, and blood pressure thereby reducing Framingham risk scores compared with other oils varying in unsaturated fatty acid composition. Homozygotes minor allele carriers of rs174583 (TT) on FADS2 gene showed lower (P<0.01) plasma EPA and DPA levels across all diets, but no differences were observed in DHA concentrations after the CanolaDHA feeding. In addition, plasma FAE levels were positively associated with plasma fatty acid profiles. Minor allele A carriers of rs324420 of FAAH gene showed a higher (P<0.05) plasma FAE levels compared with major allele C carriers across all diets, and showed higher (P=0.0002) docosahexaenoylethanolamide levels in response to the CanolaDHA diet. Impacts of consuming 60 g of five dietary oil treatments on gut microbiota composition were relatively minor at the phylum level and mainly at the genus level, while BMI contributed to a significant shift at the phylum level. In conclusion, consumption of a novel DHA-enriched canola oil improved blood lipid profile and largely reduced CVD risk. Diet-gene interactions might help identify sub-populations who appear to benefit from increased consumption of DHA and oleic acid. The metabolic and physiological responses to dietary fatty acids may be influenced via circulating FAEs, while the altered microbiota profile by shifts in MUFA and/or PUFA may be associated with specific physiological effect. Personalized diets varying in unsaturated fatty acids composition based on specific lifestyles, environmental factors, psychosocial factors, and genetic make-ups will become the future “healthy eating” recommendations to prevent CVD risk.May 2016
16
Silva, Rita de Cássia da. "Preparação e caracterização dos produtos de reação entre o ácido algínico com mono, di- e trietanolamina. Avaliação da interação do derivado de monoetanolamina com fármacos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75132/tde-27042011-094122/.
Full textAbstract:
Foram preparados produtos da reação do ácido algínico com a monoetanolamina (MEA), dietanolamina (DEA) e trietanolamina (TEA) sob refluxo em meio de clorofórmio, os quais foram denominados MEA, DEA e TEA-produtos. Os compostos foram caracterizados por Análise Elementar e Espectroscopia Vibracional na Região do Infravermelho. As técnicas termoanalíticas Termogravimetria (TG), Termogravimetria Derivada (DTG), Análise Térmica Diferencial (DTA) e Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC) foram utilizadas para avaliar o comportamento e estabilidade térmica, as etapas envolvidas e determinar os parâmetros cinéticos da decomposição térmica do Halg e dos produtos de reação. A 13C RMN foi utilizada para propor uma possível estrutura para o MEA-produto e também para estimar o grau de conversão de ácido a produto. A organização estrutural do Halg e de um de seus produtos de reação foi avaliada usando difração de raios X. A Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura foi utilizada para estudar a morfologia do Halg e dos produtos de reação. O MEA-produto foi misturado aos fármacos Paracetamol, Tioconazol e Ramipril e essas misturas foram caracterizadas por Espectroscopia Vibracional na Região do Infravermelho e por Análise Térmica, com o objetivo de verificar a interação de fármacos com o material biopolimérico.The products of the reaction between alginic acid and monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) were prepared in chlroform under reflux, named MEA, DEA e TEA-products. These compounds were characterized by Elemental Analysis and Spectroscopy in the Infrared region. The Thermal analytical techiniques Thermogravimetry (TG), Derivative Thermogravimetry (DTG), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) were used to evaluate the thermal behavior and stability of the compounds as well as the steps and the kinetic parameters involved in the thermal decomposition of Halg and the MEA, DEA e TEA-products.
The 13C NMR was used to propose a possible structure for MEA-product and to estimate the degree of the conversion. The structure order of Halg and MEA-product was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphology of Halg and the reaction products. The MEA-product was mixed with the drugs Paracetamol, Tioconazole and Ramipril. The mixtures were characterized by Infrared spectroscopy and Thermal Analysis, in order to verify the interaction of drugs with the biopolymeric material
17
Haj, Hassan Maya. "Caractérisation de protéines bovines potentiellement impliquées dans la reproduction : GPA2, GPB5, PDI, PEBP et Ubiquitine." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4037/document.
Full textAbstract:
Nous avons caractérisé cinq protéines bovines qui sont potentiellement impliquées dans la reproduction.Un travail de clonage a été initié qui permettra à terme de purifier les GPA2 et GPB5 recombinantes puis naturelles pour étudier leurs structures. GPA2 et GPB5 sont considérés comme les ancêtres moléculaires des sous-unités α et β des hormones glycoprotéiques. Nous avons montré la relative fragilité thermique de la structure quaternaire de la FSH bovine par rapport aux FSH ovine et humaine et nous avons étudié les propriétés enzymatiques de la PDI (Protein Disulfide Isomerase) en préalable à l’étude de l’activité PDI de GPA2/GPB5. Nous avons aussi purifié la phosphatidyl-ethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) et l’ubiquitine testiculaires par chromatographie hydrophobe à très haute concentration de sulfate d’ammonium. A partir de la PEBP purifiée, on a produit des anticorps spécifiques chez le lapin qui nous ont permis d’être les premiers à développer un dosage ELISA fiable pour cette protéineWe characterized five bovine proteins that are potentially involved in reproduction. We started with the cloning of gpa2 and gpb5 cDNAs in order to eventually purify recombinant and natural GPA2 and GPB5 to study their possible quaternary structure. GPA2 and GPB5 are the evolutionary ancestors of Glycoprotein hormones α and β subunits respectively. Meanwhile, we have shown the relative quaternary structure fragility of bovine FSH compared to human and sheep FSH. We also studied the effect of endocrine disruptors on PDI (Protein Disulfide Isomerase) before addressing GPA2/GPB5 PDI activity of GPA2/GPB5 once purified.We succeeded to purify the phosphatidyl-ethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) and ubiquitin from bovine testis by hydrophobic interaction chromatography at very high ammonium sulfate concentration and we produced specific antibodies (anti-PEBP) in rabbits that allowed us to be the first to develop a reliable Elisa assay for this protein
18
Shinde, Suhas, Ruth Welti, and Aruna Kilaru. "NOVEL POLYUNSATURATED N-ACYLETHANOLAMINES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN PHYSCOMITRELLA PATENS." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/111.
Full textAbstract:
N-Acylethanolamines (NAEs), although are ubiquitous in plants and animals the occurrence of endocannabinoid ligands and the corresponding cannabinoid receptors was limited to mammals. Interestingly, bryophytes, unlike seed plants possess arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5), which are fatty acid precursors for endocannabinoid ligands. Here, we show that the moss Physcomitrella patens contains ~24 and 7 % of AA and EPA, respectively. Using selective lipidomic profiling, we identified polyunsaturated NAEs, including N-arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide/AEA/NAE 20:4) and N-eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide (EPEA) and also their corresponding N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) precursors in various developmental stages of Physcomitrella. Quantification of various NAPE and NAE species indicated the abundance of unsaturated species over saturated. In all haploid developmental stages analyzed, NAE 20:4 levels contributed to ~ 30 % (~ 26 ng mg-1 lipid) of the total NAE while NAE 20:5 remained as a minor component (~ 5 %; ~ 4.5 ng mg-1 lipid). Exogenous application of AEA, EPEA and their corresponding fatty acid precursors (AA and EPA, respectively) inhibited the growth of gametophytes and protonemata in a dose-dependent manner. AEA has shown the exclusive effect on the F-actin dynamics at the apex of protonemal cells, which was similar to the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on protonemal growth inhibition. Additionally, we identified moss ortholog for NAPE-hydrolyzing phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) enzyme that was responsive to exogenous ABA. Putative PpNAPE-PLD was expressed in E. coli for further characterization. Our data demonstrate the occurrence of evolutionarily conserved NAE metabolic pathway in the moss, with the occurrence of AEA and EPEA.
19
Karlgren, Anna. "Genetic Control of Annual Growth Rhythm in the Conifer Norway Spruce (Picea Abies L. Karst)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Växtekologi och evolution, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192180.
Full textAbstract:
Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) is a conifer belonging to the group gymnosperms and is an ecologically and economically important species in several parts of Europe. It is crucial for trees like Norway spruce to adapt timing of events such as bud set and growth cessation to the local environment in order to maximize the growth period while avoiding frost damage. This thesis aims at widening the knowledge about genetic control of annual growth rhythm in Norway spruce and particularly the control of bud set. Using spruce transformants ectopically expressing PaFT/TFL1-LIKE 2 (PaFTL2) the prior hypothesis that PaFTL2 induces bud set is confirmed. This is further supported by spatial and temporal expression patterns in seedlings and adult trees. It is further shown that gymnosperms possess at least two FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (FT/TFL1)-like genes with TFL1-like function, suggesting the ancestor of FT and TFL1 to be more TFL1-like. PaFTL1 appears to have complementary expression patterns to that of PaFTL2 both spatially and temporally indicating they may act together to control growth in Norway spruce. Since bud set is controlled by photoperiod and circadian clock genes are implicated in this process, putative clock homologs were studied to gain insight into the circadian clock in gymnosperms. Several clock homologs were identified and their expression showed a diurnal pattern but the expression was rapidly damped in constant conditions. Transgenic Arabidopsis expressing putative core clock genes from spruce indicate that at least three genes, PaCCA1, PaGI and PaZTL, appear to have a conserved function between angiosperms and gymnosperms. Taken together these results suggest that gymnosperms have a similar core clock structure as angiosperms even though fundamental differences might exist since the cycling of the clock genes were rapidly damped in free-running conditions. The studies presented in this thesis support substantial conservation of pathway components controlling photoperiodic responses in angiosperms and gymnosperms and identify PaFTL2 as a component of growth rhythm control. However, important changes in these processes are also evident. The results provide a solid basis for future research on molecular mechanisms controlling an adaptive trait in an important non-model organism.
20
El-Achkar, Pierre. "Etude de la biosynthese des phospholipides a ethanolamine par echange de base dans les cultures des cellules gliales (cultures primaires et lignees cellulaires)." Strasbourg 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13214.
Full text
21
Avila, Simone Garcia de. "Síntese, caracterização e modificação de superfícies de sílicas mesoporosas ordenadas para captura de CO2." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-07042016-135712/.
Full textAbstract:
Processos como a purificação do metano (CH4) e a produção de hidrogênio gasoso (H2) envolvem etapas de separação de CO2. Atualmente, etanolaminas como monoetanolamina (MEA), dietanolamina (DEA), metildietanolamina (MDEA) e trietanolamina (TEA) são as substâncias mais utilizadas no processo de separação/captura de CO2 em processos industriais. Entretanto, o uso destas substâncias apresenta alguns inconvenientes devido à alta volatilidade, dificuldade de se trabalhar com material líquido, também ao alto gasto energético envolvido das etapas de regeneração e à baixa estabilidade térmica e química. Com base nessa problemática, esse trabalho teve por objetivo a síntese de um tipo de sílica mesoporosa altamente ordenada (SBA-15) de modo a utilizá-la no processo de captura de CO2. O trabalho foi dividido em quatro etapas experimentais que envolveram a síntese da SBA-15, o estudo do comportamento térmico de algumas etanolaminas livres, síntese e caracterização de materiais adsorventes preparados a partir de incorporação de etanolaminas à SBA-15 e estudo da eficiência de captura de CO2 por esses materiais. Novas alternativas de síntese da SBA-15 foram estudadas neste trabalho, visando aperfeiçoar as propriedades texturais do material produzido. Tais alternativas são baseadas na remoção do surfatante, utilizado como molde na síntese da sílica mesoporosa, por meio da extração por Soxhlet, utilizando diferentes solventes. O processo contribuiu para melhorar as propriedades do material obtido, evitando o encolhimento da estrutura que pode ser ocasionado durante a etapa de calcinação. Por meio de técnicas como TG/DTG, DSC, FTIR e Análise Elementar de C, H e N foi realizada a caracterização físico-química e termoanalítica da MEA, DEA, MDEA e TEA, visando melhor conhecer as características destas substâncias. Estudos cinéticos baseados nos métodos termogravimétricos isotérmicos e não isotérmicos (Método de Ozawa) foram realizados, permitindo a determinação de parâmetros cinéticos envolvidos nas etapas de volatilização/decomposição térmica das etanolaminas. Além das técnicas acima mencionadas, MEV, MET, SAXS e Medidas de Adsorção de N2 foram utilizadas na caraterização da SBA-15 antes e após a incorporação das etanolaminas. Dentre as etanolaminas estudadas, a TEA apresentou maior estabilidade térmica, entretanto, devido ao seu maior impedimento estérico, é a etanolamina que apresenta menor afinidade com o CO2. Diferentemente das demais etanolaminas estudadas, a decomposição térmica da DEA envolve uma reação intramolecular, levando a formação de MEA e óxido de etileno. A incorporação destes materiais à SBA-15 aumentou a estabilidade térmica das etanolaminas, uma vez que parte do material permanece dentro dos poros da sílica. Os ensaios de adsorção de CO2 mostraram que a incorporação da MEA à SBA-15 catalisou o processo de decomposição térmica da mesma. A MDEA foi a etanolamina que apresentou maior poder de captura de CO2 e sua estabilidade térmica foi consideravelmente aumentada quando a mesma foi incorporada à SBA-15, aumentando também seu potencial de captura de CO2.Processes as methane (CH4) purification from natural gas and gas hydrogenous (H2) production have stages involving CO2 separation. Nowadays, ethanolamine as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) are the substances more used in industrial processes involving CO2 separation/purification. However, the use of these substances has some inconvenient due to high volatility of these species, the inconvenient working with liquid, the use of high energy during the regeneration processes and low chemical and thermal stability. The object of this work was the synthesis of mesoporous ordinated silica (SBA-15) and its use in the CO2 capture process. This work was divided in four experimental stages: SBA-15 synthesis, the study of ethanolamine thermal behavior, the synthesis and characterization of adsorbent materials prepared using SBA-15 and ethanolamine and the study about the efficiency of CO2 capture using these materials. New alternatives for SBA-15 synthesis were studied in this work, due to increase the material proprieties. This study had the objective removing part of the surfactant used as template in mesoporous materials synthesis, using Soxhlet extractor and different solvents. This work contributed to increase the silica proprieties, eviting the shrinkage of silica structure caused by calcination stage. By means of TG/DTG, DSC, FTIR and Elemental Analysis techniques was realized physical-chemical and thermal characterization of MEA, DEA, MDEA and TEA. Kinetics studies using thermalgravimetric isothermal and no isothermal (Ozawa Method) method were used. This study permitted the determination of kinetics parameters involved in the thermal decomposition of the ethanolamines. Additionally, techniques as SEM, TEM, SAXS and Isotherm Adsorption of N2 were used for the characterization of SBA-15 incorporated with ethanolamine.TEA was the ethanolamine the biggest thermal stability, however, the CO2 absorption is not favorable because the steric impediment. The thermal decomposition of DEA involves the intramolecular reaction, producing MEA and ethylene oxide. The ethanolamines incorporation in SBA-15 increased the thermal stability of the ethanolamines, because part of these substances was in the SBA-15 porous. The experiments of CO2 capture showed that the MEA incorporation in the SBA-15 catalyzed the MEA decomposition process. The MDEA was the ethanolamine that had the major efficiency in the CO2 capture and its thermal stability was considerably increased when this space was incorporated in SBA-15, increasing its CO2 capture potential.
22
Rentergent, Julius. "Time course analysis of complex enzyme systems." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/time-course-analysis-of-complex-enzyme-systems(1c44f0cf-188d-4cd7-ab2d-012da27646a8).html.
Full textAbstract:
In studies of enzyme kinetics, reaction time courses are often condensed into a single set of initial rates describing the rate at the start of the reaction. This set is then analysed with the Henri-Michaelis-Menten equation. However, this process necessarily removes information from experimental data and diminishes its statistical significance due to a reduction of available data points. Further, if the examined system does not approach steady-state rapidly, the application of the steady-state-assumption can lead to flawed conclusions. Here, the analysis of two complex enzyme systems by numerical integration of kinetic rate equations is demonstrated. DNA polymerase catalyses the synthesis of DNA in a reaction that involves two substrates, DNA template and dNTP, both of which are highly heterogeneous in nature. The tight binding of DNA to DNA polymerase and its polymer properties prohibit the application of the initial-rate approach. By combining an explicit DNA binding step with a steady-state dNTP incorporation on a template of finite length, the DNA binding parameters and the dNTP incorporation steady-state parameters were estimated from processive polymerisation data in a global regression analysis. This approach is described in Chapter 2 and the results are in good agreement with previously published values. Further properties were investigated in studies of the temperature dependence and solvent isotope dependence of the kinetics. The processive polymerisation of DNA template was monitored using the fluorophore PicoGreen in a simple and inexpensive method described in Chapter 3. The catalytic cycle of ethanolamine ammonia lyase involves the homoloysis of the Co-C bond within the intrinsic B12 cofactor. This homolysis results in the formation of a Co(II)-adenosyl radical intermediate, which can be monitored using stopped-flow spectroscopy. The stopped-flow transients observed for EAL and related enzymes have long been difficult to analyse and interpret, possibly due to rapid methyl group rotation on the substrate. In Chapter 4 of this thesis we were able to rationalise this behaviour using numerical integration of the rate equations of a branched 16-state-kinetic model to fit stopped-flow transients in a global regression analysis. We were able to determine some intrinsic rate constants, and showed that the initial hydrogen atom transfer step is unlikely to have an inflated primary kinetic isotope effect, despite previous claims. More generally, this study demonstrates that the numerical integration analysis used here is likely to be applicable to a broad range of enzyme reaction kinetics.
23
Garson, Christie Nicole. "The effects of ethanolamine and magnesium on cardiac and neurological function in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction and cardiac hypertrophy models in adult Wistar rats Christie Nicole Garson." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3389.
Full textAbstract:
Includes abstract.Includes bibliographilcal references.
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a principal cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that is associated with other systemic complications. In the heart, MI can result in pump dysfunction, inducing cardiac hypertrophy which may become maladaptive leading to heart failure (HF). In the brain, MI is associated with psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression. Many pharmacological agents have been identified to modulate MI and hypertrophy development.
24
Wei, Li. "Part I: Oxidative Modification of Ethanolamine Phospholipids by Isolevuglandins: Detection by LC-MS/MS in Vitro and in Vivo Part II: Total Synthesis of C22-11-isolevuglandin E4." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1251210773.
Full text
25
Mahmood, Tariq. "Aspects of the chemistry of 1,4-naphthoquinones : an investigation of nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkylamines and hydroxyalyklamines on 1,4 napthoquinones and the role of solvent on the position of substitution." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5746.
Full textAbstract:
Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkylamines, cyclic alkylamines, and hydroxyalkylamines with 5-substituted-1,4-naphthoquinones have been studied. It has been found that the nature of the solvent employed in the reaction influences the position of mono-substitution at either the 2- or 3-position. Although both regioisomers were produced in all the reactions, protic polar solvents favoured the formation of the 3-regioisomer, whereas non-protic solvents favoured the formation of the 2-regioisomer. It has also been found that formation of 2,3-diaminoalkyl derivatives is normally unlikely. A series of hydroxyalkylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones were also synthesised. The collision-induced dissociation mass spectra of protonated hydroxyalkylamino-1,4- naphthoquinones showed fragmentation patterns which were dependent on the nature and length of the side chain and the presence and nature of the adjacent group on the 3-position on the 1,4-naphthoquinone ring. A total of 27 novel compounds were synthesised during the course of this research, the structures of which were confirmed via 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (ESI), IR spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRESIMS and HREIMS).
26
Lorenzetti, Fabio Tadeu Moura. "Injeção roncoplástica: comparação entre etanol 50% e oleato de etanolamina 5% no tratamento do ronco." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-20072011-151743/.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: O ronco acomete grande parte da população e o seu tratamento é um desafio, pois existem muitas opções terapêuticas e esta escolha deve ser individualizada. Entre vários procedimentos palatais para tratamento do ronco e da apneia do sono, a injeção roncoplástica (IR) surgiu como uma alternativa econômica para alguns casos selecionados. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os resultados da IR no tratamento do ronco, comparando o oleato de etanolamina 5% e o etanol 50%. Além disso, descrever uma metodologia de aplicação própria e analisar seus resultados clínicos, complicações, medidas palatais por ressonância magnética (RM) e parâmetros polissonográficos. MÉTODOS: estudo clínico, duplo cego e randomizado, realizado de 2007 a 2010. Foram incluídos adultos roncadores com índice de apneia-hipopneia (IAH) <15. Critérios de exclusão: cirurgia palatal pregressa, IMC>35, obstrução nasal ou faríngea > 50% da via aérea, deformidade crânio-facial, gestação, ausência de acompanhante de quarto, alergia ou comorbidade grave. Sessões ambulatoriais de IR foram realizadas no palato mole (três pontos), máximo de três sessões, com quatro semanas de intervalo mínimo. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: um recebeu oleato de etanolamina 5% (A) e o outro, etanol 50%(B). A intensidade do ronco foi aferida por escala visual-analógica de 10cm (EVA). Foram analisados outros parâmetros clínicos, como sonolência e dor, além de RM e polissonografias. RESULTADOS: Dos 22 pacientes incluídos neste estudo (A=9 / B=13), 19 (86,4%) apresentaram diminuição importante ou desaparecimento do ronco. A intensidade de ronco (EVA) decresceu nos dois grupos: de 8,0 para 3,0 no Grupo A (p=0,007) e de 8,0 para 3,0 no Grupo B (p=0,001). A escala de sonolência de Epworth diminui de 8,0 para 6,0 no Grupo A (p=0,05) e de 11,0 para 5,0 no Grupo B (p=0,005). A dor durante o procedimento, aferida em EVA, foi de 4,0 nos dois Grupos. Nos dias subseqüentes, a dor foi de 3,5 no Grupo A e 2,0 no Grupo B, sem diferença entre os grupos. Na amostra geral, o tempo médio para retorno a alimentação foi de 2,0 dias e a melhora do ronco ocorreu em 14,0 dias. Não foram observadas complicações graves. Vinte e um pacientes apresentaram afta palatal, mas nenhum desenvolveu fístula. Das medidas realizadas por RM, a espessura palatal reduziu de 0,9 para 0,8 cm (p=0,34), o comprimento palatal diminuiu de 3,7 para 3,4 cm (p=0,02) e a área palatal foi de 2,8 para 2,5 cm2 (p=0,29). Nas polissonografias, o IAH variou de 6,9 para 5,0 no Grupo A (p=0,89) e de 5,2 para 6,3 no Grupo B (p=0,22), enquanto a saturação mínima de O2 e os microdespertares não apresentaram alterações estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÕES: A IR mostrou resultados favoráveis no tratamento do ronco, porém não houve diferença entre os grupos que receberam oleato de etanolamina 5% e etanol 50%. Nossa metodologia de aplicação reproduziu as taxas de sucesso de outros estudos, sem apresentar casos de fístula palatal ou complicações graves. As aferições por RM evidenciaram redução do comprimento palatal após as injeções. Não foram observadas alterações das variáveis polissonográficas após o procedimentoBACKGROUND: Snoring affects a significant portion of the population and the treatment is a challenge, because there are many options and the choice should be individualized. Among various palatal procedures for the treatment of snoring and sleep apnea, the injection snoreplasty (IS) has emerged as an economic alternative for selected cases. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate IS in the snoring treatment, comparing 5% ethanolamine oleate and 50% ethanol. Also, to describe a distinct method of injection and analyze its clinical results, complications, palatal measures by resonance imaging (MRI), and polysomnographic parameters. METHODS: Clinical, double-blind, randomized trial conducted from 2007 to 2010. Adult snorers with apneahypopnea index (AHI) <15 were included. Exclusion criteria: previous palatal surgery, BMI> 35, pharyngeal or nasal obstruction> 50% of the airway, craniofacial deformity, pregnancy, lack of room partner, allergy or severe comorbidity. IS outpatient sessions were held in the soft palate (three points), maximum of three sessions, with at least four weeks apart. Patients were randomized into two groups: 5% ethanolamine oleate (A) or 50% ethanol (B). The intensity of snoring was measured by visual-analogue scale of 10 cm (VAS). Other clinical parameters were analyzed, such as sleepiness and pain, as well as MRI and polysomnography. RESULTS: Of 22 patients enrolled in this study (A = 9 / B = 13), 19 (86.4%) showed significant reduction or disappearance of snoring. The snoring loudness (VAS) decreased in both groups: 8.0 to 3.0 in Group A (p=0.007) and 8.0 to 3.0 in Group B (p=0.001). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale decreased from 8.0 to 6.0 in Group A (p=0.05) and from 11.0 to 5.0 in Group B (p=0.005). The pain during the procedure, measured by VAS, was 4.0 in both Groups. On subsequent days, the pain was 3.5 in Group A and 2.0 in Group B, with no difference between groups. In the overall sample, the mean time to return to regular nourishing was 2.0 days and the improvement of snoring occurred in 14.0 days. There were no serious complications. Twenty-one patients had palatal ulcer, but none developed fistula. On the MRI measurements, the palatal thickness reduced from 0.9 to 0.8 cm (p=0.34), the palatal length decreased from 3.7 to 3.4 cm (p=0.02) and the palatal area decreased from 2.8 to 2.5 cm2 (p=0.29). On polysomnography, the AHI ranged from 6.9 to 5.0 in Group A (p=0.89) and from 5.2 to 6.3 in Group B (p=0.22), while the lowest O2 saturation and arousals showed no statistically significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: IS showed favorable results in the treatment of snoring, but with no difference between the groups receiving 5% ethanolamine oleate and 50% ethanol. Our own methodology reproduced the success rates of other studies, without cases of palatal fistula or severe complications. Measures by MRI showed a reduction of the palatal length after the injections. There were no changes in polysomnographic variables after the procedure
27
Weagle, Glenn. "The assessment of pheophorbide a ethanolamide as a potential dual action anti cancer photosensitizer : = Évaluation de l'éthanolamide du phéophorbide a comme photosensibilisateur anti-cancérigène à double action." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1995. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/6702/1/000620156.pdf.
Full text
28
Wang, Hua. "PART I: FORMATION, PROTEIN MODIFICATION, AND CELLULAR METABOLISM OF 4-HYDROXY-7-OXOHEPT-5-ENOIC ACID LACTONE (HOHA-LACTONE)PART II: DETECTION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF CARBOXYETHYLPYRROLE (CEP)-PHOSPHATIDYL-ETHANOLAMINE AND METABOLISM OF CEP-LYSINE." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1386252158.
Full text
29
Guo, Junhong. "Part I: Biological Activities and Cellular Metabolism of 4-Hydroxy-7-oxohept-5-enoate and 5-Hydroxy-8-oxo-6-octenoate LactonesPart II: Carboxyalkylpyrrole, Pentylpyrrole and 4-Oxo-heptanedioic Amide Derivatives of Ethanolamine Phospholipids and Proteins." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1467829630.
Full text
30
Chilufya, Jedaidah Y., Shivakumar P. Devaiah, Richard R. Sante, and Aruna Kilaru. "Endocannabinoid-Like Lipids in Plants." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4747.
Full textAbstract:
Classically, endogenous fatty acid ethanolamides and their derivatives that bind to the cannabinoid receptors and trigger a signalling pathway are referred to as endocannabinoids. Although derivatives of arachidonic acid, including arachidonylethanolamine or anandamide, are the known endogenous ligands for cannabinoid receptors, other fatty acid ethanolamides or N-acylethanolamines (NAE) that vary in carbon chain length and saturation occur ubiquitously in eukaryotic organisms and play an important role in their physiology and development. The metabolic pathway for NAEs is highly conserved among eukaryotes and well characterised in mammalian systems. Although NAE pathway is only partly elucidated in plants, significant progress has been made in the past 20 years in understanding the implications of the metabolism of saturated and unsaturated endocannabinoid-like molecules in plant development and growth. The latest advancements in the field of plant endocannabinoid research are reviewed. Key Concepts Endocannabinoids are endogenous ligands of cannabinoid receptors in mammalian systems. Endocannabinoids belong to a class of small bioactive lipid molecules that are derivatives of fatty acids including their ethanolamides, referred to as N-acylethanolamines. N-Acylethanolamines are ubiquitous and their metabolic pathway is highly conserved among eukaryotes. In higher plants, only 12–18C N-acylethanolamines have been identified and their metabolic pathway is partly elucidated. The endocannabinoid-like lipids play an important role in seed germination, seedling development, flowering and cellular organisation. In plants, N-acylethanolamines also participate in mediating responses to biotic and abiotic stress.
31
Zahreddine, Wissam. "Fonctionnalisation des Polycarbohydrates par Télomérisation avec les Diènes (Butadiène et Isoprène)." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1151/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans ce travail de thèse nous décrirons tout d'abord la synthèse de nouveaux composés terpénoïdes par télomérisation de l'éthanolamine avec l'isoprène. Ensuite nous présentons l'utilisation de cette méthode pour la fonctionnalisation des poly-carbohydrates non alimentaires comme le chitosane et une hémicellulose (la gomme de guar) dans l'eau. Avec les substrats bifonctionnels (éthanolamine, chitosane), la réaction de télomérisation des diènes peut avoir lieu avec l'amine ou l'alcool pour conduire à la formation d'éthers ou d'alkylamines fonctionnalisés à longue chaine carbonée. Cette réaction est catalysée par des complexes de palladium-phosphine formés in-situ et est réalisée en présence ou en absence d'une base dans différents solvants (Eau, MeOH, i-PrOH, Eau/iPrOH), y compris en milieu biphasique.L'influence des paramètres réactionnels tels que l'effet du solvant, du précurseur de palladium, de la charge en catalyseur, du rapport Ligand/Palladium, de la nature des ligands phosphines, de la température et du temps réactionnel, de la quantité de diène et de la quantité de la base, a été étudiée. L'activité et la sélectivité de la réaction ont été déterminées en réalisant des analyses de chromatographie gazeuse GC (pour les terpénoïdes), des analyses RMN 1D et 2D (pour les terpénoïdes et les polysaccharides modifiées). Ceci a permis la détermination des conversions, ainsi que des degrés de substitution (DS) des polysaccharides modifiés. Des analyses élémentaires {C, H, N} ont été réalisées pour valider les structures et la pureté des produits obtenus. La stabilité thermique des télomères des carbohydrates (chitosane et gomme de guar) a été étudiée par analyse thermogravimétrique (ATG).Avec l'éthanolamine, le rendement total en terpénoïdes varie de 31% à 81 %, distribués entre des monotélomères (50-80%) et des ditélomères (20-50%). Pour les polysaccharides, des degrés de substitution compris entre 0.03 et 0.61 (DS =0.61 dans l'eau) pour les alkyl-chitosane et 0.01 et 0.31 (dans l'eau) pour la gomme de guar modifiée sont obtenusIn this thesis, we will first describe the synthesis of new terpenoid compounds by telomerization of isoprene with ethanolamine. Then we will present the usage of this method for the functionalization of non-food related poly-carbohydrates such as the hemicellulose (guar gum) and the chitosan in water.With the bifunctional substrates (ethanolamine, chitosan), the reaction of telomerization of the dienes can take place between the amine or the alcohol in order to lead either to the formation of the ethers or to the formation of the functionalized alkylamines with a long carbon chain. This reaction is catalyzed by palladium-phosphine complexes formed in situ, and realized in the presence or in the absence of a base in different solvents (water, MeOH, i-PrOH, water/iPrOH), and in biphasic medium.The influence of reactional parameters such as the effect of the solvent, that of the precursor of palladium, that of the catalyst charge, that of the Ligand/Palladium ratio, that of the nature of the phosphines ligands, that of the temperature and the reaction time, as well as the effect of the quantity of diene and of the base were studied.The activity and the selectivity of the reaction were determined using the gas chromatography analysis (for the terpenoids), and 1D & 2D RMN analyses (for the terpenoids and modified polysaccharides). This allowed us to determine the conversions and the degree of substitution of the modified polysaccharides. Elementary analysis (C, H, N) were also performed to validate the structures and the purity of the products obtained. The thermal stability of the carbohydrates telomeres (chitosan and guar gum) was studied by thermogravimetric analysis.With the ethanolamine, the total yield in terpenoids varied between 31% and 81% and was distributed between monotelomers (50-80%) and ditelomers (20-50%).For the polysaccharides, the degree of substitution obtained varied between 0.03 and 0.61 (DS=0.61 in water) for the alkyl-chitosan and between 0.01 and 0.31 (in water) for the modified guar gum
32
Ferreira, Bianca da Silva. "Síntese, caracterização e avaliação biológica de compostos anfifílicos obtidos de fontes químicas renováveis." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2014. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/783.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-02-18T11:39:16Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
biancadasilvaferreira.pdf: 17182494 bytes, checksum: 2a72b873dcc19f4763e74800e9393295 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-02-26T13:28:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 biancadasilvaferreira.pdf: 17182494 bytes, checksum: 2a72b873dcc19f4763e74800e9393295 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T13:28:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 biancadasilvaferreira.pdf: 17182494 bytes, checksum: 2a72b873dcc19f4763e74800e9393295 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos, nos quais foram discutidas a síntese de caracterização de séries de substâncias anfifílicas obtidas de fontes químicas renováveis (óleos de pequi, buriti e babaçu, ácidos graxos e carboidratos). O primeiro capítulo descreve a síntese e caracterização de etanolamidas graxas obtidas por aminólise de óleos vegetais ou de ésteres metílicos graxos puros com monoetanolamina e dietanolamina. As propriedades biológicas dos óleos, das misturas de amidas e das amidas puras foram comparadas. O óleo de Buriti foi o que apresentou maior atividade antioxidante (7,70 mg/mL) devido a maior concentração de carotenoides (692,98 μg/g). As amidas derivadas do mesmo óleo também apresentaram maior atividade antioxidante do que as demais etanolamidas sintetizadas. A atividade antibacteriana das misturas de amidas e das amidas puras, avaliada frente a bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas não foi significativa. No segundo capítulo é descrita a síntese e caracterização de diaminas N-aciladas lipofílicas e de aldonamidas derivadas da D-glicono-1,5-lactona da D-ribono-1,4- lactona ou do éster galactárico. Para obtenção das aldonamidas as lactonas e o éster galactárico foram tratados com as diaminas N-aciladas, sob refluxo de metanol, em tempos que variaram de 24-48 horas. Os compostos sintetizados foram avaliados frente suas propriedades biológicas in vitro. Foram realizados testes antibacterianos contra bactérias Gram-positivas, Gram-negativas e bactérias S. aureus meticilino resistentes; e testes antifúngicos frente quatro espécies diferentes de Candida. A atividade antiinflamatória foi estudada através da capacidade dos compostos de inibirem a produção de óxido nítrico por macrófagos ativados; a viabilidade celular foi investigada através do método do MTT. As aldonamidas em geral não apresentaram atividade, entretanto as diaminas Naciladas mostraram atividade acentuada nos testes antibacterianos e antifúngicos. Os resultados foram comparáveis ou até mesmo superiores aos padrões utilizados como controles positivos (cloranfenicol e itraconazol). Para alguns compostos, foi possível estabelecer uma correlação entre lipofilicidade e a atividade antifúngica. Entretanto, nos testes de viabilidade celular, esses compostos apresentaram-se tóxicos nas concentrações do CIM. No terceiro capítulo é descrita a síntese e caracterização de N-acilidrazonas derivadas da D--glicono-1,5-lactona, D--ribono-1,4-lactona e éster galactárico. Para obtenção das N-acilidrazonas, as hidrazidas derivadas dos carboidratos foram tratadas com aldeídos comerciais aromáticos e alifáticos, utilizando como solvente o metanol a temperatura ambiente. Os tempos de reação variaram de 24-72 horas. Os compostos foram obtidos na forma de misturas de diastereoisômeros, onde o isômero E foi o majoritário para todos os derivados. Os compostos sintetizados também foram submetidos à avaliação de suas propriedades biológicas in vitro. Foram realizados testes antibacterianos contra bactérias Gram-positivas, Gramnegativas e testes antifúngicos frente quatro espécies diferentes de Candida, entretanto os compostos não se mostraram ativos. A atividade anti-inflamatória, bem como a citotoxicidade desses compostos estão sendo avaliadas no ICB-UFJF. Ainda nesse último capítulo, foi realizada uma tentativa de ciclização das Nacilidrazonas para fornecer os seus respectivo, 1,3,4-oxadiazóis. Entretanto os compostos desejados não puderam ser obtidos pelas metodologias utilizadas.
This work was divided into three chapters, in which was discussed the synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic compounds derived from renewable chemical sources (oil Pequi, Buriti and Babassu oil, fatty acids and carbohydrates). The first section describes the synthesis and characterization of fatty ethanolamides obtained by aminolysis of vegetable oils or pure methylic fatty esters with monoethanolamine and diethanolamine. The biological properties of the oils, mixtures of amides and pure amides were compared . Buriti oil showed the highest antioxidant activity (7.70 mg/mL) due to the higher concentration of carotenoids (692.98 mg/g). Amides derived from the same oil also showed higher antioxidant activity than other synthesized ethanolamides. The antibacterial activity of the mixtures of amides and amides pure evaluated against Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria was not significant. The second section describes the synthesis and characterization of lipophilic Nacylated diamines and aldonamides derived from D-glicono-1,5- lactone D-ribono-1,4- lactone or ester galactaric. To obtain the aldonamides, lactones and galactaric ester were treated with N-acylated diamines refluxing methanol in time ranging from 24-48 hours. The synthesized compounds had their in vitro biological properties evaluated. Antibacterial test against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus were performed, and also antifungal test against four species of Candida. The anti-inflammatory activity was investigated by the ability of the compounds to inhibit nitric oxide production by activated macrophages, cell viability was assessed by the MTT method. The aldonamides generally showed no activity, but the N-acylated diamines showed significants activities in antibacterial and antifungal tests. The results were comparable or even superior to those used as positive controls (chloramphenicol and itraconazole). For some compounds, it was possible to establish a correlation between lipophilicity and antifungal activity. However, in the cell viability tests , these compounds proved to be toxic at MIC. The third section describes the synthesis and characterization of N-acylhydrazones derived from D-glicono-1,5-lactone , D-ribono-1,4-lactone and galactaric ester. To obtain the N-acylhydrazones, the hydrazide derivatives of carbohydrates have been treated with aromatic aldehydes, using methanol as solvent at room temperature. The reaction times ranged from 24-72 hours. The compounds were obtained as mixtures of diastereomers, where E was the major isomer for all derivatives. The synthesized compounds were also examined for their in vitro biological properties. Antibacterial test against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram- negative, M. tuberculosis and antifungal test against four species of Candida were made, however the compounds were not active. The anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity of these compounds are being evaluated in ICB-UFJF. Also in this last chapter, an attempt to cyclization of the N-acylhydrazones was performed to provide their respective, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. However the desired compounds could not be obtained by the methodologies used.
33
Clincke, Marie-Françoise. "Influence des conditions de culture sur la quantité de l'INF-[gamma] recombinant produit par des cellules CHO au cours de procédés discontinus." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL034N/document.
Full textAbstract:
Au cours de cette étude, nous avons approfondi nos connaissances concernant l’effet des conditions de culture sur la quantité et la qualité d’une protéine recombinante produite par des cellules CHO. En particulier, nous avons étudié l’influence de 3 composés (citrate de fer, pluronic F-68 et éthanolamine) présents dans le milieu BDM mais absent du milieu RPMI avec sérum (FCS-RPMI) sur la croissance des cellules CHO, la production de l’interféron-gamma humain recombinant (IFN-γ) ainsi que sa qualité. L’ajout de pluronic F-68 (0,1%) et de citrate de fer (500 µM) dans le milieu RPMI sans sérum a permis d’obtenir une croissance cellulaire comparable à celle obtenue avec le milieu FCS-RPMI. Par ailleurs, dans ces conditions de culture, la production de l’IFN-g est également augmentée. L’ajout de citrate de fer dans le milieu FCS-RPMI permet non seulement d’améliorer la croissance des cellules CHO mais également la production de l’IFN-γ. Avec le milieu FCS-RPMI, la macrohétérogénéité de la glycosylation de l’IFN-γ change au cours du procédé discontinu, cette dernière est maintenue constante uniquement lorsque du citrate de fer est ajouté à ce même milieu de culture. En outre, des activités gélatinase et caséinase appartenant aux familles des métalloprotéases et des protéases à sérine ont été mises en évidence au cours des cultures de cellules CHO. Quel que soit le milieu utilisé (RPMI, BDM avec ou sans sérum), l’ajout de citrate de fer permet de maîtriser et d’éviter la protéolyse de l’IFN-γ. Enfin, la relation entre le degré de glycosylation macroscopique de l’IFN- γ et son activité biologique (immunomodulatrice) in-vitro a été établieIn this study, we characterized the effect of culture conditions on the quantity and the quality of a recombinant protein, IFN-γ, produced by CHO cells. In particular, we studied the effect of 3 components (iron citrate, pluronic F-68 and ethanolamine) that are present in the BDM medium, but completely lacking in RPMI serum medium (FCS-RPMI) on CHO cell growth, as well as the production and quality of recombinant IFN-γ.The addition of Pluronic F-68 (0.1%) and iron citrate (500 µM) in RPMI without serum resulted in growth kinetic performances similar to those observed in FCS-RPMI. Furthermore, in these culture conditions, IFN- γ production was improved. Addition of iron citrate in FCS-RPMI improved cell growth, as well as IFN-γ production. Whereas the glycosylation pattern of recombinant IFN-γ produced by CHO cells was not constant when the culture was performed in FCS-RPMI, the glycosylation pattern of IFN-γ remained constant when iron citrate was added in the medium. In addition, gelatinase and caseinase enzymatic activities in CHO batch cultures were detected, due most likely to enzymes of the metalloproteases and serine protease families. Despite the type of medium used (RPMI, BDM with or without serum), addition of iron citrate minimized IFN-g proteolysis. Finally, the relationship between the macroglycosylation pattern of IFN-g and its in-vitro biological (immunomodulatory) activity was demonstrated
34
Etchebest, Catherine. "Etudes theoriques d'un canal ionique transmembranaire : la gramicidine a." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066049.
Full text
35
Goff, George Scott Rochelle Gary T. "Oxidative degradation of aqueous monoethanolamine in CO₂ capture processes iron and copper catalysis, inhibition, and O₂ mass transfer /." 2005. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1552/goffg95508.pdf.
Full text
36
Goff, George Scott. "Oxidative degradation of aqueous monoethanolamine in CO₂ capture processes: iron and copper catalysis, inhibition, and O₂ mass transfer." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1552.
Full text
37
Bender, G̈üneş. "EPR spectroscopic and computational studies of the paramagnetic intermediates in the reaction of ethanolamine ammonia lyase with ethanolamine." 2008. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.
Full text
38
McMaster, Christopher Ross. "Metabolic regulation of ethanolamine-containing phospholipids in mammalian tissues." 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/18596.
Full text
39
Hao, Yiting. "Visible Light Cured Thiol-vinyl Hydrogels with Tunable Gelation and Degradation." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5323.
Full textAbstract:
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)Hydrogels prepared from photopolymerization have been widely used in many biomedical applications. Ultraviolet (200-400 nm) or visible (400-800 nm) light can interact with light-sensitive compounds called photoinitiators to form radical species that trigger photopolylmerization. Since UV light has potential to cause cell damage, visible light-mediated photopolymerization has attracted much attention. The conventional method to fabricate hydrogels under visible light exposure requires usage of co-initiator triethanolamine (TEA) at high concentration (∼200 mM), which reduces cell viability. Therefore, the first objective of this thesis was to develop a new method to form poly(ethylene glycol)-diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogel without using TEA. Specifically, thiol-containing molecules (e.g. dithiothreitol or cysteine-containing peptides) were used to replace TEA as both co-initiator and crosslinker. Co-monomer 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NVP) was used to accelerate gelation kinetics. The gelation rate could be tuned by changing the concentration of eosinY or NVP. Variation of thiol concentration affected degradation rate of hydrogels. Many bioactive motifs have been immobilized into hydrogels to enhance cell attachment and adhesion in previous studies. In this thesis, pendant peptide RGDS was incorporated via two methods with high incorporation efficiency. The stiffness of hydrogels decreased when incorporating RGDS. The second objective of this thesis was to fabricate hydrogels using poly(ethylene glycol)-tetra-acrylate (PEG4A) macromer instead of PEGDA via the same step-and-chain-growth mixed mode mechanism. Formation of hydrogels using PEGDA in this thesis required high concentration of macromer (∼10 wt.%). Since PEG4A had two more functional acrylate groups than PEGDA, hydrogels could be fabricated using lower concentration of PEG4A (∼4 wt.%). The effects of NVP concentration and thiol content on hydrogel properties were similar to those on PEGDA hydrogels. In addition, the functionality and chemistry of thiol could also affect hydrogel properties.
40
Bandarian, Vahe. "Radical enzymology of the coenzyme B₁₂-dependent ethanolamine ammonia-lyase." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42848198.html.
Full text
41
Tang, Yi-fen, and 湯怡芬. "Quantitative Chiral Analysis of Ethanolamine-Based Antihistamines by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58080424740501020861.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄醫學大學
藥學研究所
88
A simple capillary zone electrophoresis method is described for the simultaneous separation and quantitation of chiral carbinoxamine maleate, doxylamine succinate and orphenadrine citrate using achiral diphenhydramine·HCl as an internal standard. The chiral analysis of these drugs was performed in a Tris buffer with sulfated -CD as a chiral selector. Several parameters affecting the separation were studied, including the pH of the buffer and the concentrations of buffer and chiral selector. Quantitation of the individual enantiomer from related racemate is attainable at 25 ~ 125 M for carbinoxamine maleate, doxylamine succinate or orphenadrine citrate, and the detection limits are about 4 M for carbinoxamine and orphenadrine salts, and 8M for doxylamine succinate. The migration order of the separated enantiomers is compared to that of structurally related dexchlorpheniramine and dexbrompheniramine.
42
Pereira, Leanne. "THE ROLE OF A DEFECT IN THE CDP-ETHANOLAMINE PATHWAY IN AUTOPHAGY." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/4845.
Full textAbstract:
Autophagy is the process that degrades cytosolic constituents into products that can be recycled for use in energy generation and other processes. The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the bulk synthesis of the phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) via the CDP-ethanolamine pathway. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of PE synthesis and the CDP-ethanolamine pathway in autophagy. This objective was examined through the use of two novel models deficient in Pcyt2, a gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme CTP-ethanolamine cytidyltransferase (ET) in the CDP-ethanolamine pathway. PCYT2 knockdown in human fibroblast cells did not respond normally to starvation conditions that activate autophagy. Similarly, Pcyt2 knockout in mice showed differences in autophagy induction in/between muscle, liver, and adipose tissue based on metabolic state (fasting/feeding). Pcyt2 knockout mice display evidence of metabolic syndrome at an older age and experiments with these mice determined that there was an effect of age (healthy young mice versus obese older mice) on autophagy induction. It was concluded based on in vitro and in vivo studies that autophagy induction is affected by impairment to the CDP-ethanolamine pathway and subsequent PE synthesis.
43
Wang, Ming-Sang, and 王明山. "The Catalytic Dehydration Reaction of Ethanolamine on SiO2 ,TiO2 and Al2O3 Catalysts." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84241734070958890146.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
化學工程學系
88
The methods of precipitation and sol-gel were used to prepare catalysts of SiO2, TiO2 and SiO2-TiO2. The physical properties of catalyst were analyzed by using SEM、FTIR、XRD、EDS、density test and acid test. The catalytic activity of catalysts were tested in the heterogeneous dehydration process of ethanolamine to synthesize ethylenimine. The results were compared to commercial catalysts of SiO2 and Al2O3. Experimental results showed that the conversion of ethanolamine increased and the selectivity of EI decreased with increasing reaction temperature. Relatively strong acid catalysts such as Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2-TiO2 enhanced the conversion of ethanolamine, but the reaction products were mainly piperazine and pyrazine. Weak acid catalysts such as SiO2 showed higher selectivity of ethylenimine. By addition the metal ions of Li+1, K+1 and Cs+1 to catalysts acidity the effects on the catalytic acidity were examined. The acidity effect is significant and the selectivity of EI for different kinds of cations increased in the order Li+1＜K+1＜Cs+1.Coating a little amount of BaO to SiO2 would lower the acidity of SiO2 catalyst. The catalyst with ratio of Ba/Si 0.08 provided extremely stable catalytic activity in continous flow reaction.
44
WU, CHI-MIN, and 吳啟民. "Study of ethanolamine on the characteristics of solution processed NbZnSn oxide TFT." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wjey94.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺南大學
材料科學系碩士班
104
A thin film transistor is a type of field effect transistor. In this study, we fabricated the channel layer of TFT by using sol-gel method. Sol-gel method has some advantages such as simple coating process, low equipment costs , high chemical homogeneity, low process temperature.Niobium zinc tin oxides (NZTO) were firstly used as the channel layers in this study. To study the variation of electrical characteristics of the TFT, the ethanolamine was directly added to the NZTO precursor. The binding environments of elements and material characteristics of NZTO films with and without adding ethanolamine are studied. TFT electrical measurements are also studied to understand the effect of ethanolamine. Furthermore, in this study we also investigated the effect of the aging time of precursor solution on the electrical characteristics of the TFT. Finally, we studied the influence of the different types of ethanolamine on the electrical characteristics of the TFT to clarify the effects.
45
Lin, Lyyn (Lin). "Mechanisms of action of dietary fatty acids in a syrian hamster model: the role of fatty acid ethanolamides on feeding intake, body composition and energy expenditure." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4504.
Full textAbstract:
Replacement of saturated fatty acids (SFA) with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) impacts risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, although dietary fatty acids (DFA) have been established as an important factor related to CVD, their exact mechanisms of action have not been clearly established. One of the possible mechanisms is that DFA convert to fatty acid ethanolamides (FAEs), such as oleoylethanolamide (OEA), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), which are thought to associate with lipid signalling, fat oxidation and appetite control. Hence, the objectives of this thesis were to identify the impact of diets containing corn oil, canola oil, DHA + canola oil and fish oil on plasma and organ levels of FAEs as well as energy metabolism and lipid profiles in Syrian Golden hamsters. Forty-eight hamsters were provided diets containing 6% treatment oil for 30 d before sacrifice. Across all diets, in proximal small intestine and liver, animals fed canola oil showed higher (p<0.05) levels of OEA than corn oil and fish oil fed groups, but no difference compared to those fed DHA +canola oil. In plasma, fish oil fed animals showed higher (p<0.05) OEA and PEA levels and lower (p<0.05) AEA levels compared to all other groups. Feed intakes (g/d), oxygen consumption (ml/g) and body composition of total fat (%) and mass (g) did not differ across groups. However, energy expenditure associated with fat oxidation (%) was higher (p<0.01) in canola oil and DHA + canola oil fed hamsters compared to those consuming corn oil and fish oil. Also, body composition of fish oil fed animals showed a lower (p<0.01) total lean mass (g) compared to other three groups and a lower (p<0.01) total mass (g) compared to DHA + canola oil diets, but no difference compared to animals fed the canola oil diet. None of the treatments had any effect on triglyceride (TG) or C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The fish oil group showed a higher (p<0.01) plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels than all other three groups. No differences existed between DHA + canola oil and fish oil groups in HDL or Non-HDL levels, but these levels were different (p<0.01) compared to corn oil group and canola oil groups. To conclude, different DFA affect whole body energetics and plasma lipid profiles. Also DFA produced marked shifts in plasma and organ levels of OEA, PEA and AEA. These dietary induced shifts in FAEs may translate into discernable changes in energy expenditure and lipid levels which in turn influence CVD risk.
46
Olatinsu, Oyindamola Anthonia. "Effect of different concentrations of n-3 and n-9 fatty acids on fatty acid ethanolamide levels in rats." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32140.
Full textAbstract:
Dietary fatty acids are precursors of the lipid mediator group of compounds termed fatty acid ethanolamides (FAE). Prolonged intake of specific types of dietary fats has been shown to increase FAE levels. However, the short term effects of qualitative dietary fat intake on FAE levels remain understudied. Hence, the objective of this study was to identify the effect of diets containing varying concentrations of n-9 from canola oil (CO) and n-3 fatty acids from DHA rich oil (DRO) on plasma and organ FAE levels after different time points in male Sprague Dawley rats. Sixty-four rats were randomly assigned into four groups and were fed diets containing 40% as energy of either safflower, 95% CO: 5% DRO, 50% CO: 50% DRO and 5% CO: 95% DRO. These diets were consumed within a 2hr window in all groups. Circulating fatty acid and FAE levels were measured at 3, 6, 12 and 24hr within each group. At 3hr, significant differences (p<0.05) in plasma oleoylethanolamide (OEA) levels were seen in the 95% CO group: 5% DRO group and 5% CO group: 95% DRO group as well as between 50% canola oil group: 50% DRO and 5% CO group: 95% DRO. In all dietary groups, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) levels were not significantly different at 3, 6 and 24hr compared to 0hr, but did at 12hr where the 50% CO:50% DRO group showed significantly lower levels than seen in the 95% CO group, but PEA levels were not different from the 5% canola oil group. Although plasma FAE levels were generally multiple times lower than observed in small intestine, liver or brain, arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) levels were significantly lower in the 95% DRO group than in the remaining two groups. Plasma docosahexanoylethanolamide (DHEA) showed no difference across all time points except at 24hr where levels were higher (p<0.05) in the 95% DRO group than in the remaining two groups. In liver at 3hr, OEA levels were higher (p<0.05) in the 95% CO group than the groups with lesser concentrations of oleic acid, while liver OEA levels showed no difference at any other time points across dietary groups. LEA levels were higher in 95% CO: 5% DRO group compared to the 5% CO group: 95% DRO group after 3hr of feeding. Liver DHEA levels were observed to be highest in the 5% CO group: 95% DRO group at 3 and 12, but not at 6 or 24hr. The dietary fatty acid composition affects plasma and organ fatty acid profiles in a time dependent manner and also produces time shifts in plasma and organ FAE levels. These dietary induced changes according to time points in the levels of FAEs may translate into discernible changes in energy expenditure and lipid levels which may in turn influence the risk of obesity.February 2017
47
Chen, Chih-Hung, and 陳志宏. "Utilization of Neural Network Tool in adjusting the product ratio in an ethanolamine process." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94901513733457383632.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程所
99
Abstract Numerical solutions relying on computer software are so commonly seen that most come to believe every manufacturing process must have gone through certain stage of so-called optimization.As the computer hardware gets cheaper, applications exploring the system transfer function between input and output parameters based on daily monitoring data from the discrete control system of the plant started to appear. Petrochemical industry after the Industrial Revolution, It’s became the most important energy , but the last years people began to understand the natural resources was limited, and the trend of global competition, we must continue to promotion our ability to international Process of operation products, except trying to reduce costs and improve efficiency, another key point would be the precise control of production allocation , the important issue of production ratio, the reaction system would be the critical core, all kind of parameter link with efficiency, it’s can influence on the production allocation.Therefore, It is important to understand and control the parameter. In this research, the subject was use a number of product manufacturing process in the reaction system , to find out the best research in explore the product configuration ratio of operating conditions, , for the impact response system process operating variables, Study to collect reaction system operating variables of historical data and organize to regression analysis to parse the data, and then simulated using neural network process model associated with different operating variables, identify the most critical parameter; use this method with the theory of learning, to establish a multi-property prediction models to improve the process analysis of variance efficiency. In this research, We set up a simulation model, although the results isn’t as our expected, but in the current adjustment process, can provide valuable indicators to accurately predict the proportion of product configuration and optimization of operating parameters selected to provide plant operators reference And timely information to accurately monitor and adjust in order to control the proportion of product configuration and stability operations program. Keywords: back-propagation neural network, multiple regressions
48
LIAO, YU-CHAN, and 廖育嬋. "Adsorption of heavy metal ions by a chelating resin containing ethanolamine as chelating groups." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81142578065808063330.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南台科技大學
化學工程與材枓工程系
97
This study prepared pore-crosslinked poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (cPGMA) via a suspension polymerization. Then a chelating resin, PEAM, was formed by a reaction between cPGMA with ethanolamine for the recovery of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ag+ from aqueous solutions. PEAM was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The adsorptions of metal ions tended toward equilibrium at 40 min and the equilibrium adsorption capacities for Ag+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ were 1.40, 1.37 and 0.74 mmol/(g PEAM), respectively. The adsorption isotherms of the metal ions by PEAM followed the Freundlich isotherm. Except pH >3.5, as pH of the solution decreased the adsorption capacities decreased. PEAM is a good reusable adsorbent in removal of Cu2+ Cd2+ and Ag+ because the re-adsorption capacities could attain 86% of initial values after 5 cycles of adsorption-desorption operations. When the pH of the mixture solutions were 4 or 1, the competitive adsorption tests confirmed PEAM had good adsorption selectivity for the recovery of Cu2+ from Cu2+/Ag+ or Cu2+/Cd2+ mixture. When the pH of Ag+/Cd2+ mixture was 2, PEAM can adsorb Ag+ only. These tests confirmed PEAM had good adsorption selectivity for Cu2+ with the coexistence of Cd2+ or Ag+ and for Ag+ with the coexistence of Cd2+.
49
Radi, Abdullah. "Nanochemistry on Si(100): Surface Biofunctionalization by Amino-containing Bifunctional Molecules, and Shape Control of Copper Core-Shell Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4560.
Full textAbstract:
The present research involves two projects: a surface science study of the room-temperature adsorption and thermal evolution of allylamine and ethanolamine on Si(100)2×1, studied by using temperature-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermal desorption spectrometry (TDS), as well as Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations; and a materials science study on the shape control of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) deposited on H-terminated Si(100) substrate with an extended size regime of 5-400 nm, by using a simple, one-step electrochemical method. The Cu NPs of three primary shapes were characterized with scanning-electron microscopy (SEM), glancing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and XPS.
In the first surface science study, the presence of broad N 1s XPS features at 398.9-399.1 eV, corresponding to N–Si bonds, indicates N–H dissociative adsorption for both allylamine and ethanolamine on Si(100)2×1. For allylamine, the presence of C 1s features at 284.6 eV and 286.2 eV, corresponding to C=C and C−N, respectively, and the absence of the Si−C feature expected at 283.5 eV show that the reactions involving the ethenyl group such as the [2+2] C=C cycloaddition or those producing the [N, C, C] tridentate adstructures do not occur at room temperature. For ethanolamine, the O 1s feature at 533.1 eV indicates the formation of Si−O bond and O−H dissociation, which confirms an [O, N] bidentate adstructure and excludes the N−H and O−H dissociation unidentate structures. These XPS data are consistent with the N−H unidentate, and N−H and O−H double dissociation [O, N] bidentate adstructures for allylamine and ethanolamine, respectively, as predicted by the DFT calculations. TDS and temperature-dependent XPS data further show the desorption of propene and ethylene at 580 K and of acetylene at 700 K for allylamine and the desorption of ethylene at 615 K for ethanolamine, while the lack of N- or O-containing desorbates suggests that the dissociated N and O species are likely bonded to multiple surface Si atoms or diffused into the bulk at elevated temperatures (as confirmed by the corresponding temperature-dependent XPS spectra). Unlike the multidentate allyl alcohol and allylamine adstructures that have been found to be not favored kinetically, the present [O, N] bidentate ethanolamine adstructure appears to be kinetically favored on Si(100)2×1.
In the second materials science study, Cu NPs of three primary shapes have been deposited on H-terminated Si(100) by a simple, one-step electrochemical method. By precisely manipulating the electrolyte concentration [CuSO4.5H2O] below their respective critical values, cubic, cuboctahedral, and octahedral Cu NPs of ranges of average sizes and number densities can be easily obtained by varying the deposition time. Combined GIXRD and depth-profiling XPS studies show that these Cu NPs have a crystalline core-shell structure, with a face-centered cubic metallic Cu core and a simple cubic Cu2O shell with a CuO outerlayer. The shape control of Cu NPs can be understood in terms of a progressive growth model under different kinetic conditions as dictated by different [CuSO4.5H2O] concentration regimes. The two studies in the present work lay the foundation for future investigation of surface biofunctionalization of these fascinating Cu NPs with different shapes and therefore different surface chemistries as controlled by the relative amounts of the (100) and (111) facets, and their boundaries.
50
Carvalho, Jorge. "Economical and operational optimization of CALB immobilization on MP1000 for amidation of olein fatty acids with ethanolamine." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/466.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado , Engenharia Biológica, Faculdade de Engenharia de Recursos Naturais, Universidade do Algarve, 2008Em indústria, a substituição de processos químicos por enzimáticos cresceu vastamente nas últimas décadas. Esta tese consiste no desenvolvimento da produção de alcanolamidas via catálise enzimática, onde aspectos técnicos e económicos foram levados em conta. As matériasprimas utilizadas foram ácidos gordos de óleo de colza e monoetanolamina. A reacção de amidação foi catalizada pela lipase B de Candida antarctica imobilizado em Accurel MP1000. O produto formado, monoetanolamida, pode ser, principalmente, usado em limpezas como surfactante. Não foram utilizados solventes na sua produção. Na primeira parte, a reacção foi levada a cabo em escala de 2mL. A imobilização do lipase foi estudada e de seguida foram testadas uma série de condições operacionais de modo a optimizar o processo de produção. As reacções foram iniciadas com uma relação molar entre ácidos gordos e monoetanolamina de 2:1, de modo a evitar viscosidade elevada e a formação do sal de par iónico. Isto foi útil para seleccionar um nível de carga de enzima (2,5%), uma temperatura de reacção (80ºC), um sistema para adicionar a restante metade molar de monoetanolamina (em três partes, aos níveis de conversão de 30%, 65% e 80%), e a concentração de catalisador por volume inicial (40mg/mL). A segunda parte consistiu no aumento de escala para três diferentes reactores: tanque agitado em modo descontínuo (50mL), reactor de leito fixo (50mL), e reactor de leito fluidizado (37,5mL). Em todos os reactores foi observada uma conversão superior a 97% em menos de 7h. O reactor de leito fixo foi seleccionado para testar a estabilidade do lipase B de Candida antarctica em Accurel MP1000, o qual demonstrou um tempo de meia vida, baseado na velocidade inicial de reacção, de 7 a 8 ciclos.
In industry, the substitution of chemical by enzymatic processes has vastly increased in the last decades. This report consists in the development of alkanolamides production via enzymatic catalysis, where technical and economical aspects were taken into consideration. The raw materials used were olein fatty acids (from rapeseed oil) and monoethanolmine. The amidation reaction was catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B immobilized on Accurel MP1000. The product formed, monoethanolamide can be used mainly in cleanings as surfactant. No solvents were used. In a first part, the reaction was carried out at 2mL scale. Firstly, the lipase immobilization behavior was studied. Then a range of operational conditions were tested to optimize the process. The reactions were started with a 2:1 molar relation between olein fatty acids and monoethanolamine, in order to prevent high viscosity and ion-pair salt formation. This was useful to select an enzyme loading (2,5%), a reaction temperature (80ºC), a system to add the monoethanolamine residual half molar (in three parts at 30%, 65%, 80% conversion levels), and the catalyst concentration per initial volume (40mg/mL). The second part was the scale-up to three different reactors: batch stirred tank reactor (50mL), packed bed reactor (50mL), and fluidized bed reactor (37,5mL). In all of them more than 97% conversion was observed in less than 7h. Packed bed reactor was selected to test the stability of Candida antarctica lipase B on Accurel MP1000, which showed a half life time based on initial reaction rate of 7 to 8 cycles.