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1

Habtegabir, Eden, and Ann-Sophie Lindström. "Etiska fonder - ett etiskt dilemma?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-87740.

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Idag föreligger ett stort intresse för att placera i etiska fonder, men det råder delade meningar om vad en etisk fond innebär. Det finns ingen universell applicerbar kod utan det är upp till fondbolagen själva att definiera vad som är etiskt för dem. Det är således svårt att fastställa något entydigt begrepp för vad som kan anses vara etiskt eller inte då begreppet etik är såväl subjektivt och relativt samt varierar över tiden. Allt oftare uppdagas hur företag världen över kopplas till svåra missförhållanden eller är inblandade i oetiska verksamheter. Flera av dessa företag ägs indirekt av oss konsumenter genom våra pensionsmedel och privat sparande i fonder. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vad som menas med etisk fond. Uppsatsen kommer att genomföras utifrån en kvalitativ ansats med intervjuer av utvalda fondbolag på den svenska fondmarknaden.  En ökad transparens är önskvärt för att se hur fondbolagen arbetar. Sammanfattningsvis har konsumenterna ett relativt stort ansvar att undersöka vad som faktiskt gömmer sig bakom respektive fondnamn om de vill ha kontroll över sina sparpengar.
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Lee, Cheuk-wah, and 李焯華. "Confucianism and the prisoner's dilemma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31953104.

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Lee, Cheuk-wah. "Confucianism and the prisoner's dilemma." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23457296.

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Delerud, Elin, and Linda Viselli. "Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av etiska svårigheter i vården." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1898.

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Shipe, O'Hara. "Crime and the Right to Punish : An American Dilemma." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för tillämpad etik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69135.

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This thesis provides an ethical discussion about the merits of rehabilitation as well as retributivism within the modern American penal system.  By utilizing arguments by philosophers Ronald Dworkin and Immanuel Kant I conclude that under certain circumstances the seemingly dissimilar approaches of the rehabilitationist and the retributivist can co-exist.
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Johnlin, Jennifer. "Soldatens dilemma : Konflikten mellan moraliska skyldigheter och plikt i krig." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175184.

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Throughout the last decade wars have created a certain interest in reflection upon rights, justice and the causes for which people may or may not be killed. Soldiers are expected to make decisions about life and death in extremely difficult circumstances and complex situations during war. With conflicting obligations, they are forced to choose between orders, duty and ethical values in situations where not all can be met at the same time. Scholars in military ethics argues that ethical challenges and dilemmas can be overcome by using ethical reasoning processes such as moral judgement, moral competence and through different moral principles in the conduct of war. This study investigates how Swedish soldiers reason between moral dilemmas they might encounter in their professional practice and aims to explore if there is a conflict between their moral obligations and duty. It aims to improve the understanding of how Swedish soldiers justify the use of lethal force and obeying orders, and what underlying ethical and moral factors that affect their judgements and justifications. Qualitative scenario-based results show that their moral judgements are based foremost on consequentialist grounds, with good moral competence to adapt their judgements when faced with moral dilemmas. Subconsciously they follow the rules and moral principles of war, putting great emphasis on their trust and dependence on fellow soldiers as well as higher military bodies, although they are likely to disobey orders when it doesn’t seem morally justified.
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Foshaugen, Edvard Kristian. "Postmodernism and the dilemma of an appropriate Christian paradigm for ethical descision making." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51880.

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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Church is facing a dilemma in how to apply and live out its message in a postmodern world. For many in the Church an understanding and application of morals and ethics has become bewildering. This assignment attempts to develop a Christian vocabulary and conceptual framework for morality. This is done by firstly elucidating the milieu out of which postmodernism arose. Modernism, through universal claims of reason and instrumental rationality, believed in the ultimate mastery of the world. The failure of the Enlightenment project to develop universal morality and law led to a new perspective on reason and reality and new reflection on life, morality and meaning. Thus, I reflect on' the parturition and value of postmodernism through offering an evaluation and critique of the ideology of postmodernism. Next, I propose the need for Christian ideology to be firstly separated from cultural interpretations so as to avoid ethnocentrism and cultural imperialism. After exploring the development and purpose of worldviews I argue for the building of cultural bridges and for the Gospel and Biblical worldview to be suitably encoded. Finally, I posit an understanding of what postmodern ethics entails and how then to define and respond to ethical issues. Through case studies I apply the key principles identified in the study. These are that moderation is a virtue; that many timeless truths are customary truths that arise in a specific historical/cultural situations; that many problems are not ethical issues but are rather a comprehension and/or a misinterpretation of the Scriptures regarding what it means to be a Christian and how we are to live our Christian profession to mention a few. I reason and plead for a Christian ethical system of incarnational engaged compassion in a postmodern world.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming
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Sickeldal, Samuel, and Malin Thorell. "”…vid varje ny människa ställs man inför ett nytt dilemma…” : Professionsetiska dilemman i mötet med biblioteksanvändaren." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96594.

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This bachelor's thesis aims to shed light on the professional ethical dilemmas that may arise in public libraries, what tools the librarians use, and what role experience plays in ethical thinking. With a theoretical framework based on Dreyfus and Dreyfus, as well as Säljö, we paint a picture of how ethical learning takes place in accordance with the five-step model, as well as how different tools can be used at the different levels of learning. Our findings suggest that experience is not equal to be an ethical expert, and that the tools that the librarians uses are useful on the lower levels of awareness, but that the librarians tends to act with more intuition when he/she grows more in their experience, although there are some cases where the expert still uses rules.
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Blevins, Rodney D. "Understanding ethical dilemmas in the military workplace factors that influence the decision to take action." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1312.

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Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited.
This study examines ethical dilemmas in the workplace and how organizational members move to resolve these challenges. Existing research was reviewed to gain insight and determine current views of ethical dilemmas experienced at work. A study was then conducted with Supply Corps Officers in the U.S. Navy to better understand the dilemmas they face in their daily work life. Officers were asked to think of a critical incident when they faced a moral challenge and how they responded. Data procured from critical incident interviews is suggestive of how officers describe ethical dilemmas, how they identify options for action, and finally how they select a course of action. The dilemmas generally involved issues with financial accountability, fairness in performance evaluations, fraternization, homosexuality in the service, employee drug and alcohol abuse, fraudulent use of government property and funds, conflict between personal and military values, and managing important relationships. This initiative, supported by the Chief of the Supply Corps, is designed to be a promising start toward creating an informed strategy, one that will ultimately lead to the design of enhanced educational programming regarding moral behavior in the military.
Lieutenant Commander, Supply Corps, United States Navy
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Menzler, Cathryn Ann. "The teaching and learning of ethical decision-making : the teacher's dilemma /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18955.pdf.

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Nidever, Timothy. "Gyges' dilemma : morality and happiness in Herodotus and Plato /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9133.

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Johnston, Sharon 1972. "Double agent dilemma : the Canadian physician: patient advocate and social agent." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30308.

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This thesis considers the rationalization of health care in Canada. It focuses on the conflicting roles modern physicians play in our system, acting as both patient advocate and social agent. It begins by tracing the origin of both of these duties. It then examines the ethical, professional, and legal issues which arise in the limited circumstances where front-line physicians must participate in the rationing of health care. It offers a framework for resolving the double agent dilemma and states five interlocking recommendations which are the building blocks of the resolution.
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Hansen, Michaela. "Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av etiska dilemman inom psykiatrin." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-28290.

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Utgångspunkten för studien var att sjuksköterskor inom psykiatrin är en yrkesgrupp som konfronteras med olika etiska dilemman inom vardagen. Det undersöktes sjuksköterskornas upplevda etiska dilemman inom deras verksamhetsområde som var psykiatrisk sluten- och öppenvård samt kommunal psykiatri för att få djupare förståelse om vad de som erfarna psykiatrisjuksköterskor ansåg som generella etiska dilemman och vilka tankar de hade kring potentiella lösningar. Sju sjuksköterskor med vidareutbildning inom psykiatrin intervjuades om sina erfarenheter av etiska dilemman. Intervjuerna analyserades enligt Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). De två huvudteman som identifierades var lojalitetskonflikter och samarbete inom hierarkiska strukturer. Respondenterna upplevde etiska dilemman i situationer där de kände sig tvungna att välja mellan lojaliteten med patienten, mot organisationen eller mot sig själv som sjuksköterska. Som svårast uppfattades det att behöva agera i strid med egna värderingar. När känslor var involverade mindes dilemman starkast. Arbetsgruppen och läkaren på avdelningen beskrevs som potentiellt stöd i hanteringen av dilemman. Däremot upplevdes de också som utlösande faktorer för etiska dilemman, framförallt då sjuksköterskan blir medveten om den egna rollen inom den hierarkiska strukturen. Studien bidrar till möjliga lösningsansatser för att motverka de negativa konsekvenser som etiska dilemman medför såväl för personal som för patienter.
The basis of the study was that nurses in psychiatry is a profession who are faced with various moral dilemmas in everyday life. It was examined nurses' perceived moral dilemmas within their field which was psychiatric inpatient and outpatient care and public psychiatry to gain a deeper understanding of what experienced psychiatric nurses considered that general ethical dilemmas are and what thoughts they had about potential solutions. Seven nurses with further education in psychiatry were interviewed about their experiences with ethical dilemmas. It was used Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) using verbatim transcriptions of the semi-structured interviews. The two main themes which were identified were conflicts of loyalty and cooperation in hierarchical structures. Ethical dilemmas were not experienced by the respondents mostly by the compulsory treatment, respectively coercion - as it could be expected - but in situations where they felt forced to choose between loyalty to the patient, organization or herself as professional. The hardest perceived dilemmas were those that forced the nurses to act against their own values. When emotions were involved, dilemmas were remembered strongest. The working team and the doctor on the ward was considered as part of the solution of moral dilemmas. On the other hand they were experienced equally as triggering factor for moral dilemmas, especially when nurses got aware of the role they play within the hierarchical structure. The study contributes to potential solution approaches to counteract the negative consequences that moral dilemmas entails both for personnel and for patients.
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Jansson, Ida. "Etikdidaktik i grundskolans religionsundervisning : Ett dilemma för religionsläraren?" Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-24295.

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Litteraturstudiens syfte är att utforska vad tidigare forskning säger om hur lärare kan hanterar etikundervisningen i religionsämnet. Genom att ställa frågorna; hur kan lärare förhålla sig till formandet av etikundervisningen samt vilka svårigheter etikundervisningen kan utgöra för lärare till tidigare forskning inom området har syftet besvarats. Metoden för litteraturstudien har varit en systematisk litteraturstudie och den analysmetod som använts är en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av forskningslitteraturen som valts ut genom en systematisk sökning i olika databaser. Resultatet visar brister i lärares ämnesdidaktiska kompetens vilket leder till oreflekterad undervisning som till stor del bygger på lärarens eget tyckande i kombination av etikrepresentationen i läroböckerna. Det finns dock metoder som lärare kan använda för att skapa en heltäckande förståelse för etikämnet i form av läran av och läran om etik kombinerat med ett existentiell och samhällsorienterat synsätt. Detta bidrar till att fånga etikens komplexitet som grundas i läroplanens öppna formulering av etik begreppet. Vidare problematiseras vems perspektiv som blir representerat i etikundervisningen samt vilka som exkluderas och hur lärare kan arbeta för att medvetandegöra eleverna om detta i undervisningen.
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Nilsson, Johan. "Det etiska dilemmat i Religionskunskap 1 : En kvalitativ fallstudie i momentet etik och moral med fokus på lärares didaktiska val i förhållande till etiska dilemman." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162059.

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Målet med detta examensarbetet är att undersöka hur sex religionslärare inom det svenskagymnasiet anger att dem arbetar med etiska dilemman i momentet etik och moral ur ettdidaktiskt perspektiv. Examensarbetet kommer att samla lärarnas tankar och ståndpunkterangående etiska dilemman genom en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Resultaten visar att de flestalärarna anger liknande åsikter och att deras åsikter stämmer överens med vad tidigare forskninginom etik och moral hävdar är de bästa arbetssätten ur ett didaktiskt perspektiv. Majoriteten avlärarna anger att etiska dilemman främst används som ett kognitivt verktyg för eleverna attförstå normativa etiska teorier. Lärarna är även överens om att etiska dilemman som är tagnafrån vardagssituationer som eleverna kan relatera till är dem bästa. Sist anger lärarna att de helstarbetar med etiska dilemman elevaktivt i klassrummet.
The aim of this essay is to examine how six teachers in religious education within the Swedishupper secondary school say they use ethical dilemmas within their ethics and morals classesfrom a didactic perspective. The essay will gather the six teachers’ thoughts and standpoints onethical dilemmas with the help of a qualitative interview method. The results show that most ofthe teachers have very similar opinions to each other and what the previous studies in this topicsay is the best course to take with dilemmas in education. Most of the teachers primarily useethical dilemmas a cognitive tool for which to understand ethical theories. The teachers alsochoose their dilemmas from everyday events that are relevant for their students. Lastly, theteachers work with dilemmas in a way that makes the students have an active learning role inthe classroom.
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Gordon, Alastair Robert. "The authentic punk : an ethnography of DiY music ethics." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7765.

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This thesis examines how select participants came to be involved in DiY punk culture, what they do in it, and how, if they do, they exit from the culture. Underpinning this will be an ethnographic examination of how the ethics of punk informs their views of remaining authentic and what they consider to be a sell out and betrayal of these values. I illustrate how such ethics have evolved and how they inform the daily practice of two chosen DiY punk communities in Leeds and Bradford. I show how these communities reciprocally relate to each other. I ask such questions as what do the participants get out of what is often experienced as hard work and toil, particularly where it is fraught with a series of dilemmas bound up in politics, ethics, identity and integrity. I offer a grounded theory of how and what ways those involved in DiY punk authenticate themselves in their actions. This will demonstrate how and, more importantly, why DiY punks distinguish their ethical version of punk over and above what are taken as less favourable forms of punk. What happens if previous passionately held DiY beliefs are surrendered? Severe consequences follow should a participant sell out. I present an account of these and suggest that what they involve is not the clear-cut question that is sometimes assumed, either sincerely or selfrighteously.
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Larsson, Ylva. "Skaparens dilemma : En deskriptiv studie om moralproduktionen på svenska reklambyråer." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Centrum för tjänsteforskning, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2190.

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Advertising, as an industry, reflects contemporary values whilst creating new symbols and changing both behaviour and public opinion. In the last hundred years, advertising has pervaded most areas of life, and spaces that are commer-cial free are becoming rare. The aim of this dissertation is to explore and map various social objects that create the perception of morality that exists within an advertising agency. The approach can be described as qualitative, descriptive, analytical and constructionist. The study belongs within a research field that borders on business economics/business ethics and philosophy/descriptive eth-ics. Fundamental to my study is the exploration of stories told by different key advertising practitioners. Using a symbolic interactionist approach I iden-tify important meaning carriers that together create and identify the social object “morality”. The empirical material is based on a total of 36 inter-views conducted 1998-2000 with advertising practitioners from 15 Swedish advertising agencies. In addition to the interviews, an observational study was conducted for eight months in 1998 along with a literature study. In my analysis two related areas for morality emerged; one area focusing mo-rality related to clients/consumers, and one area focusing morality within the agency/branch. Two models illustrating the results were constructed. Ethics, economics and aesthetics often find themselves on opposing sides in various situations and at different levels in the work process at the agency. The need for profit gives precedence to the economic aspect mak-ing it superior to the other two aspects, ethics and aesthetics. However, advertising practitioners that prioritise the aesthetic aspects may find them-selves be awarded a golden egg at some yearly gala. Hence, to stretch a little on morality and sin with refinement may be quite rewarding. The dissertation was preceded by and builds on a licentiate dissertation in busi-ness economics by Larsson-Eklund (2002) - “Med skaparkraft som etiskt argu-ment. En explorativ studie om moral och yrkesetik inom reklambranschen ur ett internt relationsperspektiv” (enclosed in appendix 6).
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Rowe, Jonathan Y. "Michal, contradicting values : understanding the moral dilemma faced by Saul's daughter." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/639.

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Edelstein, Jonathan. "THE PRISONER DILEMMA: A BIOETHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE OF INCARCERATED POPULATIONS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/591995.

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Urban Bioethics
M.A.
Correctional populations account for about 2% of persons in the United States, who have a unique right to health care guaranteed by the Constitution per court decisions. However, the quality and breadth of this care is not standardized, and incarceration itself creates risk factors for one’s health. A review of the literature was done to evaluate the health and access to care of prison populations. Prison populations are largely minorities from poor neighborhoods with low socioeconomic status who usually have limited engagement with health services prior to incarceration; there is a large amount of morbidity of chronic diseases in prisons, and prisoners are at increased risk for communicable diseases, substance abuse and mental illness. Former inmates are also at increased risk of death following release. While advances such as telemedicine help to bridge the gaps in correctional health, more research needs to be done to assess the needs of this population, and more education and linkage to care should be accomplished to do right by these populations and ensure they get the care they need. This will in turn lead to better health outcomes in this population and may have a beneficial effect on the communities from which these prisoners come.
Temple University--Theses
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Palm, Johanna, and Christine Maghon. "Etiska utmaningar i mötet av patienter med demens : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-54682.

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Introduktion: Mötet med personer med demens utgör en utmaning på flera nivåer för sjuksköterskor och i och med en ökande äldre befolkning kommer även antalet personer med demens öka. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa etiska utmaningar som vårdpersonal möter i vård av patienter med demens Metod: Litteraturstudie. Sökord valdes ut och användes i två databaser. Artiklar som framkom i sökningen valdes ut och granskades. Totalt granskades tio artiklar, nio från databassökning och en artikel från en manuell sökning. Dataanalys: Artiklarna granskades och 3 kategorier framkom: Tvångsåtgärder, kommunikation och tolkningssvårigheter. Resultat: I de valda artiklarna beskrev vårdpersonal olika situationer och etiska utmaningar inom vården av patienter med demens. Situationerna handlade om kommunikationsproblem, etiska värderingar och kränkning av patientens rättigheter. Slutsats: Det fanns många etiska utmaningar för vårdpersonal i mötet med patienter med demens. Vårdpersonalens berättelser visade att svårigheten var att ta beslut åt patienten och genomföra en god omvårdnad utan att kränka patientens rättigheter. Personalen var ofta medvetna om felen som uppstod inom vården och det var en etisk utmaning att hitta en lösning som gjorde att alla delaktiga blev nöjda med vårdarbetet.
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Mbangula, T. M. "The experiences of professional nurses with ethical dilemmas in nursing practice at Witbank Hospital, Nkangala District Mpumalanga Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1230.

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Thesis (M.Sc. (Curations)) --University of Limpopo, 2015
The purpose of the study was to determine the experiences of professional nurses with ethical dilemmas at the Witbank hospital Nkangala district Mpumalanga province. The objectives of the study were to describe the experiences of professional nurses with ethical dilemmas in nursing practice and to determine supportive measures to help professional nurses to deal with ethical dilemmas encountered in nursing practice. The research question was: what are the ethical dilemmas that professional nurses experience in nursing practice? Kohlberg theory of moral development was used as a theoretical framework. A qualitative exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to describe the experiences of professional nurses with ethical dilemmas in nursing practice. Purposive sampling was used to sample fourteen (14) professional nurses. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Open-coding method of data analysis was used and four themes and sub-themes emerged. The study found that professional nurses experience ethical dilemmas related to death and dying, distribution of both human and material resources, respect of patients’ autonomy and the nurses’ rights. The study recommends continuous ethics education and the inclusion of ethics in nursing curricula, creation of a supportive working environment, knowledge and understanding of the pledge of service, Inter- disciplinary teams to discuss ethical issues, availability of ethics experts and ethics mentors in the wards.
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Halpin, Ross William. "A history of concern the ethical dilemma of using Nazi medical research data in contemporary medical and scientific research /." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4010.

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Sointula, Anna. "Ancient Human Reconstructions and aDNA : Is there an ethical dilemma?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Arkeologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-417058.

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In recent years, archaeogenetic studies have been widely discussed in popular media and they have raised many questions, especially regarding cultural identity and ethnicity. This thesis discusses reconstructions based on ancient human remains and how they are related to the current academic hegemony and political circumstances in Europe. People of Britain have reacted particularly strongly to the reconstruction of the Cheddar Man, exhibited in the Natural History Museum in London. Based on this and few other reconstructions of ancient individuals, the ethical issues behind human reconstructions are analyzed and how museums and popular media as the public spaces displaying these pieces of art should deal with such issues as cultural heritage, human origins, and identity.
Under de senaste åren har arkeogenetiska studier diskuterats allmänt i populära media och de har väckta väckts många frågor speciellt kring kulturell identitet och etnicitet. Denna studie diskuterar rekonstruktioner baserat på forntida mänskliga kvarlevor och hur de är relaterade till den nuvarande akademiska hegemonin och den politiska omständigheter i Europa. Människor i Storbritannien har reagerat särskilt starkt på rekonstruktionen av Cheddar-mannen, utställd i ”Natural History Museum” i London. Med utgångspunkt i denna och ytterligare några rekonstruktioner av forntida individer analyseras etiska frågor bakom mänskliga rekonstruktioner och hur museer och populära medier ska hanterar frågor om kulturarv, mänskligt ursprung och identitet.
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Broderick, Patricia McCarthy. "To thy own self be true a phenomenological investigation into the role of self in a moral dilemma /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2009. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.

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Echewodo, Christian Chidi. "Professional Integrity and the Dilemma in Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2405.

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There is no stronger or more enduring prohibition in medicine than the rule against the killing of patients by doctors. This prohibition is rooted in some medical codes and principles. Out standing among the principles surrounding these prohibitions are the principles of beneficence and non-maleficience. The contents of these principles in a way mark the professional integrity of the physician. But the modern approach to health care services pulls a demand for the respect of the individual right of self-determination. This demand is now glaring in almost all the practices pertaining to health care services. In end of life decisions, this modern demand is found much in practices like physician- assisted suicide and euthanasia. It demands that the physician ought to respect the wish and choice of the patient, and so, must assist the patient in bringing about his or her death when requested. In such manner, this views the principle of autonomy as absolute and should not be overridden in any circumstance.

However, the physician on his part is part of the medical profession that has integrity to protect. This integrity in medical profession which demands that the physician works only towards the health care of the patient and to what reduces diseases and deaths often go contrary to this respect for individual autonomy. Thus faced with such requests by patients, the physician always sees his integrity in conflict with his demand to respect the autonomous choice of the patient and so has a dilemma in responding to such requests. This is the focus of this work,"Professional Integrity and the Dilemma in Physician- Assisted Suicide"

However, the centre of my argument in this work is not merely though necessary to develop general arguments for or against the general justification of PAS, but to critically view the role played by the physicians in assisting the death of their patients as it comes in conflict with the medical obligation and integrity. Is it morally right, out rightly wrong or in certain situation permissible that physicians respond positively to the request of the patients for PAS? This is the overarching moral problem in the morality of physician- assisted suicide, and this work will consider this in line with the main problem in the work “the dilemma of professional physicians in the assistance of suicide.

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26

Nordick, Christina L. "The ethical dilemma surrounding artificial nutrition and hydration of the persistent vegetative state patient." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.

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27

Portas, Cláudia Patrícia Marques dos Santos Vieira. "Ética empresarial : comparação entre a realidade portuguesa e norueguesa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7810.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
Este trabalho foi conceptualizado na tentativa de perceber se a realidade Portuguesa seria diversa da realidade Norueguesa no que à ética empresarial concerne. É comum vermos, em estudos económicos, que as posições destes países, em rankings que se relacionem com dados económicos, são quase diametralmente opostas. Será assim no que concerne à ética?
This essay was meant to try to understand how different was the Portuguese reality from the Norwegian reality in the matter of business ethics. In economical rankings these two countries are, usually, quite far apart. Would it be so in business ethics matters?
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28

Alabèrnia, Segura Miquel. "Efectes de les diferències individuals i factors situacionals en escenaris morals basats en l’experiència amb valor de vida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666739.

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La presa de decisions morals és entesa com un fenomen molt rellevant que ha despertat un gran interès en molt diversos camps d’estudi. Per exemple, s’ha estudiat des de camps com la filosofia i la psicologia fins a l’àmbit de la robòtica. Aquest interès en la moralitat no solament s’aprecia en l’amplitud de camps d’estudi interessats, sinó també en la permanent presència a través dels segles de filòsofs, pensadors i polítics entre altres, que han dedicat esforços a conceptualitzar i entendre aquest fenomen. Des de la psicologia s’ha despertat en els últims anys un gran interès en l’estudi de la moralitat. Aquest interès s’ha materialitzat en una gran quantitat de treballs que aporten nou coneixement a la comprensió de la moral/ètica. Cal destacar que des de la psicologia l’estudi de la presa de decisions morals ha estat orientada en els últims anys cap a la identificació de les vies cerebrals que regulen les cognicions, emocions i conductes morals. Des de la neurociència, un dels instruments que més atenció han rebut són els escenaris sacrificials. La mateixa estructura d’escenari s’ha repetit en moltes versions del mateix, on s’ha canviat el contingut però sempre s’ha conservat l’essència del cèlebre dilema del tramvia. Per una part la inevitable mort d’éssers humans. D’altra la possibilitat de decidir i actuar per a escollir quants d’aquests moriran. Habitualment, s’enfronta la decisió de deixar morir a cinc persones o matar a una persona. Aquests tipus de dilemes els considerem en aquest treball com a dilemes sacrificials difícils. Les variables de personalitat que s’han estudiat com a relacionades amb la resposta en aquest tipus d’escenaris són dimensions molt amplies tals com la psicopatia o la humilitat. En aquesta tesi utilitzem una aproximació diferent, ja que fem servir a més dels escenaris sacrificials, escenaris més propers a l’experiència i de demolició amb l’objectiu d’explorar diferències individuals i efectes dels factors situacionals en la resposta a aquests. A més, en els escenaris que utilitzem, no enfrontem en la mateixa decisió afavorir a cinc persones contra una assumint tàcitament que el valor de cinc persones és cinc vegades el valor d’una persona. En el present treball enfrontem el valor personal d’elements que han estat jerarquitzats d’acord amb el seu valor subjectiu utilitzant la Subjective Utilitarian Theory. Les diferències individuals que hem utilitzat per a realitzar aquesta tesi són variables més concretes del caràcter moral de les que s’han utilitzat prèviament com a predictors del caràcter moral utilitzant escenaris. En aquesta tesi proposem una àmplia varietat de mesures pròpies del caràcter moral com la integritat moral, la preocupació per les conseqüències futures i immediates, la propensió a experimentar culpa i vergonya, etc. A més, també hem inclòs variables més àmplies com les dimensions de personalitat de l’HEXACO, de la triada fosca i una aproximació a la intel·ligència fluida. L’estructura d’aquesta tesi consta de dos estudis previs i un estudi principal: en el primer estudi previ “Buscant els ítems” identificàrem el valor personal dels ítems que utilitzarem en l’elaboració dels escenaris. En el segon estudi previ “Buscant els escenaris” elaboràrem escenaris estandarditzats tant de demolició, sacrificials i basats en l’experiència. Utilitzàrem una aproximació a través de l’awareness moral per a identificar les situacions basades en l’experiència més moralment dilemàtiques i properes a l’experiència d’una bateria de situacions extretes del joc Scruples. Posteriorment vàrem redactar els escenaris amb una estructura estandarditzada i vàrem incloure en els escenaris els elements amb valor personal seleccionats a través del primer estudi previ. En l’estudi principal d’aquesta tesi vam aplicar un paradigma d’exclusió social (Cyberball) per a estudiar l’efecte d’un factor situacional com l’ostracisme en la presa de decisions moral. També administràrem una bateria de diferències individuals per a estudiar el caràcter moral dels participants amb una proposta de mesures específiques del caràcter moral i utilitzant avançades tècniques estadístiques, com l’anàlisi de perfils latents hem classificat als participants segons el seu caràcter moral en persones més morals, normals o menys morals. Finalment administràrem 18 escenaris morals (6 de demolició, 6 sacrificials i 6 basats en l’experiència) amb valor subjectiu a cada participant amb l’objectiu de capturar les respostes als mateixos d’acord amb dos criteris; l’afavoriment de l’element amb un elevat valor moral i el criteri deontològic. En els resultats d’aquest estudi trobem que el caràcter moral influeix en la presa de decisions en escenaris basats en l’experiència quan el criteri que seguim és deontològic i en els escenaris sacrificials quan és el criteri basat en el valor personal dels elements implicats el que tenim en compte i observem també una tendencia a la significació en els escenaris de demolició amb una grandària de l’efecte menor. La condició d’ostracisme per si mateix no presenta efectes en la presa de decisions moral en cap mena d’escenari mentre que la interacció entre el caràcter moral i l’ostracisme sí que mostra efectes en la presa de decisions moral en escenaris basats en l’experiència quan el criteri és l’afavoriment de l’element amb més valor personal implicat en l’escenari. A continuació, utilitzant les mesures proposades per a mesurar el caràcter moral presentem un sistema d’equacions estructurals del compromís moral amb un bon ajust relatiu del “Model de Schwartz: Good and Bad Apples”. Finalment es discutiran els resultats d’aquesta tesi i s’oferiran conclusions i recomanacions futures de recerca. També es presentaran limitacions rellevants d’aquest estudi.
Moral decision-making is understood as a very important phenomenon that has aroused great interest in a wide variety of fields of study. For example, it has been studied in philosophy, psychology and even robotics. The interest in morality is not only appreciated in the scope of interested fields of study, but also in the permanent presence through centuries in many philosophers, thinkers, and politicians, among others, who have dedicated efforts to conceptualize and understand this phenomenon. In the field of psychology, a great interest in the study of morality has aroused in recent years. This interest has materialized in numerous works that bring new knowledge to the understanding of morality/ethics. It should be noted that in the field of psychology, the study of moral decision- making has been oriented towards the identification of the brain areas or connections that regulate moral cognition, emotion, and behavior in recent years. In neuroscience, sacrificial scenarios are one of the most important instruments. Thus, the same scenario structure, based on the famous trolley dilemma, has been repeated in many versions. On the one hand, in the trolley dilemma, we find the inevitable death of human beings. On the other hand, the possibility of choosing how many of them will die. Usually, there is always the same structure of decision: to let five people die or kill a person. These dilemmas are considered in the present thesis as difficult sacrificial dilemmas. Traditionally, the personality variables studied in relation to the response in this type of scenarios are very broad dimensions such as psychopathy or humility. In the present thesis, we use a different approach that includes everyday- based and demolition scenarios in order to explore individual differences and the effects of situational factors in their response. In addition, we do not present dilemmas where we take for granted that the value of five people is five times the value of a person. We take into account the subjective value given to different individuals depending on our relationship with them, hierarchized according to the Subjective Utilitarian Theory. In this thesis, we also propose a wide variety of measures of moral character such as narrow variables like moral integrity, concern for the future and immediate consequences, propensity to experience guilt and shame, etc. We have also included wider variables such as the HEXACO personality dimensions, the dark triad and an approximation to fluid intelligence. This thesis is structured with two previous studies and one main study. In the first previous study entitled “Searching for the items” we identified the personal value of the items that we will use to elaborate the scenarios. In the second previous study entitled “Looking for the scenarios”, we developed demolition, sacrificial and experience-based standardized scenarios. We used moral awareness measurement to identify moral dilemmas based on experience from the game Scruples. Later, we wrote the scenarios with a standardized structure, and included elements with personal value. In the main study of this thesis, we applied a paradigm of social exclusion (Cyberball) to study the effect of a situational factor such as ostracism in making moral decisions. We administered a battery of individual differences to study the moral character of the participants with a proposal of specific measures of moral character and using advanced statistical techniques, such as the analysis of latent profiles. We classified the participants according to their moral character in more moral, normal or less moral people. Finally, we administered 18 moral scenarios (6 demolition, 6 sacrificial and 6 experience-based) with subjective value to each participant in order to capture the responses to them according to two criteria; the favoring of the element with a high moral value and deontological criteria. In the results of this study we found that the moral character influences the moral decision-making in scenarios based on the experience when the criterion that we follow is deontological and in the sacrificial when we consider the personal value as the criteria of the elements involved. We also found demolition scenarios with a smaller size effect tend to be significant. We found no effect of ostracism in moral decision-making in our study. The interaction between moral character and ostracism showed effects on moral decision-making in scenarios based on experience when we considered the personal value of the elements involved. Then, using the measures proposed to measure the moral character we present a structural equation model with a good relative adjustment for moral commitment from Schwartz’s Good and Bad Apples model. Finally, the results of this thesis will be discussed and future research conclusions and recommendations will be offered. Limitations of this study will be presented too.
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29

Settle, Margaret Doyle. "Predictors of NICU Nurse Activism: Response to Ethical Dilemmas." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1817.

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Thesis advisor: Pamela J. Grace
Nurses working in newborn intensive care units (NICU) report experiencing ethical dilemmas related to treatment decisions for infants in their care. The opportunity for nurses to contribute to the formulation of treatment plans for these infants is increasing, but often nurses are required to implement treatment plans with which they may not agree. This causes conflict for the nurse and has been shown to have implications for the nurse and, ultimately, nursing and healthcare practice. Not taking action to resolve the perceived dilemma is especially problematic on several counts (Raines, 1996). Nurse Activism, the outcome variable, is defined as the range of likely actions nurses may take to resolve ethical dilemmas in practice (Penticuff & Walden, 1987). This cross-sectional study investigated the range of likely actions that nurses would take in response to a hypothetical ethical dilemma. The web-based survey was completed by 224 NICU nurses from seven Massachusetts hospitals. Subjects responded to the Nurses Ethical Involvement Survey (Penticuff & Walden, 1987) and demographic questions. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis found that NICU nurses with greater concern for the ethical aspects of clinical practice (p = .001) and an increased perception of their ability to influence ethical decision-making (p = .018) were more likely to exhibit nurse activism to resolve an ethical dilemma and these findings explained just 8.5 percent of the variance. Future research is necessary to determine other factors contributing to, and inhibiting the actions of, nurses to resolve ethical dilemmas encountered in the NICU
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing
Discipline: Nursing
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30

Lampe, Monique. "Die Operationalisierung von Unternehmensleitbildern als wirtschaftsethische Herausforderung für Führungskräfte." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-175551.

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Die Forschungsarbeit untersucht den Einfluss von Unternehmensleitbildern (sowohl des "Leitbildes für verantwortliches Handeln in der Wirtschaft" als auch der internen Unternehmensordnungen und deren Substitute) auf das interne Führungsverhalten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Fragestellung, ob die gelebte Unternehmens- bzw. Führungskultur von Führungskräften als maßgeblicher Einflussfaktor auf ihre Entscheidungsprozesse wahrgenommen wird. Ergebnis ist die Erarbeitung und Analyse unterschiedlicher Handlungsstrategien im Umgang mit wirtschaftsethischen Dilemma-Situationen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden auf zwei Zielebenen übertragen: 1. Implikationen für die Theorie der Ökonomischen Ethik, hier speziell für das Konstrukt des Praktischen Syllogismus, 2. Implikationen für die Praxis, hier im Besonderen bezüglich der Leitbild-Initiative, deren Mitgliedsunternehmen und Führungskräfte. Nicht primär betrachtet wird das gesellschaftliche Problem im Sinne der Reaktionsmechanismen externer Interessengruppen auf ethische Verfehlungen der Wirtschaft.
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31

Bodin, Isabelle, and Caroline Landberg. "Ungdomsmottagningen : En kvalitativ studie om hur barnmorskor förhåller sig till det tänkbara etiska dilemmat mellan ungdomars rätt till integritet och föräldrars rätt till insyn." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-50027.

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The aim of this study was to investigate how midwives at youth centres relate to the potential ethical dilemma between parents’ right to information that young people between 15-17 years share at the centre, vs. youths right to integrity. The study was based on qualitative interviews with six midwives in various youth centres in Stockholm County. We analysed our empirical material according to Blennbergers consequential ethical model and Bronfenbrenners ecological system model. The empirical data was categorized based on categories of information and integrity in relation to midwives' opinions and actions. The results show that midwives are careful to protect the integrity of young people and that parents’ right to information are neglected, unless there is a great risk that the youths will harm their lives or health. Often it is only when the midwives need to report to the social service that the parents are given right to information, which indicates that the ethical decisions that midwives make are based on their beliefs that the best consequence for the youths is for their integrity to be protected. It was revealed that the midwives experienced the decision as difficult, and sometimes even found it to be a dilemma.
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32

Åqvist, Helena. "Du är världens sämsta fröken! : En essä om ett moraliskt dilemma och problemskapande beteende." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32515.

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Det här är en vetenskaplig essä som är skriven med utgångspunkt i ett självupplevt dilemma. När jag skrivit denna essä har jag gjort det med syfte att, via reflektion och litteraturstudier, få förståelse för varför jag handlat som jag gjort och för att få nya perspektiv på hur jag kan agera när jag hamnar i nya dilemman. Det vet jag med säkerhet att jag kommer att göra, då jag som lärare arbetar med människor. I min essä har jag också undersökt om det lågaffektiva bemötandet är en etiskt riktig metod och om arbetssättet stämmer överrens med skolans värdegrund. Jag har som diskussionspartner i detta hermeneutiska arbete bland annat tagit hjälp av filosofer, psykologer och styrdokument för skolans verksamhet. Med dessa och deras olika teorier om etik, moral, förnuft, empati, värdegrund och lågaffektivt bemötande har jag kommit fram till att: med kunskap om valda teorier i kombination med erfarenhet och praktiskkunskap kan du som pedagog göra klokast möjliga val ut ur dilemman. När jag undersökt det lågaffektiva arbetssättet och dess metoder, har jag kommit fram till att om du är väl påläst och därför har förståelse för hur du ska använda dig av metoden är det ett bra arbetssätt ur en pedagogs synvinkel. Är du däremot inte väl påläst kan det ha direkt motsatt effekt.
This is a scientific essay that is written from a self-perceived dilemma. While writing this essay I do it with a purpose and with reflection on literature studies. I´m trying to get an understanding why I acting the way I do and to get a new perspective of how I´m going to act when similar situations occur. Which I know I will when working with children. In my essay, I also examine whether low arousal approach attention is an ethically correct approach and if that way of work matches the school's values. In this hermeneutic work I discuss with philosophers, psychologists, and research into the regulatory documents you relate to when you work in a school. With these and theories about duty ethics, discourse ethics, morality, common sense, empathy, core values and low arousal approach I reach the understanding that: With these theories combined with experience and practical knowledge give you a possibility to make wise decisions in a dilemma. I come to the conclusion that if you are well versed with the low arousal approach method it can be a good method to use from the perspective of a teacher. The effects of the method will become useless if you don’t have the knowledge how to use it.
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33

Landberg, Caroline, and Isabelle Bodin. "Ungdomsmottagningen : En kvalitativ studie om hur barnmorskor förhåller sig till det tänkbara etiska dilemmat mellan ungdomars rätt till integritet och föräldrars rätt till insyn." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-39874.

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Youth centres- A qualitative study of how midwives relate to the potential ethical dilemma between youths right to integrity and parents right to information The aim of this study was to investigate how midwives at youth centres relate to the potential ethical dilemma between parents’ right to information that young people between 15-17 years share at the centre, vs. youths right to integrity. The study was based on qualitative interviews with six midwives in various youth centres in Stockholm County. We analysed our empirical material according to Blennbergers consequential ethical model and Bronfenbrenners ecological system model. The empirical data was categorized based on categories of information and integrity in relation to midwives' opinions and actions. The results show that midwives are careful to protect the integrity of young people and that parents’ right to information are neglected, unless there is a great risk that the youths will harm their lives or health. Often it is only when the midwives need to report to the social service that the parents are given right to information, which indicates that the ethical decisions that midwives make are based on their beliefs that the best consequence for the youths is for their integrity to be protected. It was revealed that the midwives experienced the decision as difficult, and sometimes even found it to be a dilemma.
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34

Steele, Suzanne Marie. "The artist's dilemma : truth, process, and form in the Great War narratives of Robert Graves, Mary Borden, and David Jones." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/25878.

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The Great War narrative has been the subject of wide scholarship but there have been no studies that have specifically focused on understanding the ethical and aesthetic struggles of the artist in war, the artist’s dilemma. The generation that experienced the Great War included many giants of twentieth-century intellectual, cultural, and political life, many of whom wrote personal narratives of their experiences. These narratives have contributed to shaping familial stories and the meta-narratives of nation states for generations—sometimes limiting a fuller understanding of the war. Through this thesis I aim to open the field of narrative investigation into a wider inquiry through applying what Brian Lande identifies as the ‘sensual and moral conversion’ of the soldier in war, to the artistic actor in the theatre of war. The proposition is to identify and read beyond generic conventions, then to observe the process, the tasks, and the moral, psychosocial, and aesthetic dilemmas of the artist in the theatre of war. To do this, the work focuses on three robust texts of the Great War: Robert Graves’s Good-bye to All That (1929), Mary Borden’s The Forbidden Zone (1929), and David Jones’s In Parenthesis (1937). The project explores not only the nuance of creative witness, self-witness, and testimony, but proposes a fuller empathic engagement with the narrative within the social contract of war writing. After developing a model of the formal conventions which structure the genre of war writing, and building on the work of Max Saunders, Henri LeFebvre, and others, I have carried out close readings of the three authors’ Great War narratives and related works. With an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses literary, artistic, historical, ethical, and sociological studies, and with extensive archival research, I propose to introduce another perspective on reading between the lines of Great War narratives. This perspective encompasses the ethical and aesthetic dilemmas that faced the artists of the war generation as they acted and reacted to war, a generation that shaped the intellectual, political, scientific, and artistic life of the twentieth century, and the lives of generations to follow.
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35

Bowden, MaryZoe. "Teaching as a Moral Act: Simone Weil's Liminality as an Addition to the Moral Conversation in Education." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3592.

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We are facing a crisis in education: there is a vacuum where there once was an exhortation in terms of how teachers serve as moral models for their students. This reality becomes even more complex when the particular educator facing the dilemma has a specific religious perspective herself. The problem confronted in this philosophical study is how does today's educator, working in the public sector and having a particular religious background, best serve her students in her role as a moral agent, given an environment that is either vacuous of or even hostile toward the moral vector implicit in education. The following questions are considered: 1) Does education today have a moral end? 2) What should that moral end be? 3) What should the educator's role be in said education? 4) Has education historically served as a moral endeavor? 5) And finally, how much should a teacher with a specific religious basis for her morals allow that to affect her role as moral agent in a secular setting? In order to respond to these questions, an historical review of how teachers were traditionally expected to serve as moral agents was undertaken, as were a review of contemporary research on moral education and a consideration of numerous philosophers' perspectives. Simone Weil, a French philosopher and teacher, is looked to as an example of a woman who lived her life with a core set of beliefs that led her to both push boundaries and yet remain in a liminal space that allowed her to remain open to others' values and needs. Weil's liminal approach to life is explored in combination with MacIntyre's call to found a morality on virtues based on a teleological view of man. Ultimately it is suggested that the educator with a deep sense of faith must both strive to function in the liminality Weil represented, and to root herself deeply in her own faith, from which she will gain the strength to live within the necessary tension evoked by teaching in a secular institution.
Ed.D.
Other
Education
Education EdD
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36

Sohng, Elaine. "Real Intentions and Virtual Wrongs." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1547.

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In this thesis, I answer the gamer's dilemma or the inability to find a moral distinction between virtual pedophilia and virtual murder. I expand virtual pedophilia to virtual rape to address increasing rates of sexual harassment and assault in virtual reality. In this thesis, I 1) explain what occurs when one engages in virtual rape; 2) identify relevant moral differences between physical rape and virtual rape; 3) challenge the existing relationship between committing harm and wrong in the case of rape; and 4) argue that virtual rape is morally reprehensible due to the agent’s intention to utilize a person as a mere tool for pleasure.
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37

Blanton, Rebecca. "Virtual Teams and Intercultural Ethics: Preventative Measures for Ethical Dilemmas." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5605.

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This thesis examines the ethical challenges faced by technical communicators working in global virtual teams. Virtual teams usage are becoming increasingly more popular and diverse. As a result, it is valuable for technical communicators to understand and recognize the challenges that are faced within global virtual teams in order to find solutions and preventive measures for these challenges. The ethical challenges present in global virtual teams were determined by examining the literature on virtual teams and intercultural ethics and conducting a survey of practicing technical communicators who have experience in virtual teams. The purpose of the survey was to determine the ethical challenges that are present for technical communicators and how these issues were resolved. The survey results reveal valuable approaches to resolving and preventing ethical challenges in virtual teams. This thesis contributes to a better understanding of virtual teams and intercultural ethics and examines the ethical challenges that are faced by technical communicators. Furthermore, the thesis presents preventive measures for addressing ethical challenges. Finally, the thesis also provides suggestions for future research into the ethical challenges that are faced within global virtual teams, particularly those related to cultural differences.
M.A.
Masters
English
Arts and Humanities
English; Technical Communications
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38

Öhrn, Ylva. "Komplettera skolan eller samarbeta för eleverna? : En essä om svårigheten i att hitta samarbetsformer mellan fritids- och skollärare som gynnar elevernas lärande." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32543.

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39

Higgs, Joycelin R. "An examination of acquisition ethical dilemmas: case studies for ethics training." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7456.

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As a skill, ethical decision making requires cultivation through training and practice. However, for Department of Defense acquisition employees, ehtical training has been more of an orientation to legal requirements and restrictions, than as a guidance f
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40

Guéry, Bernard. "Le concept de finalité pour éclairer le travail du manager : une lecture philosophique à partir du cas de la Française des Jeux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3075.

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Ce travail a pour but de montrer quelles logiques de la finalité sont en jeu dans le travail du manager. Nous avons distingué deux façons d’aborder la finalité. La première, proche des notions d’objectif, d’intérêt, d’utilité, constitue le soubassement des façons d’aborder classiquement le travail du manager. Nous avons fait émerger, en nous appuyant sur la pensée d’Aristote, Thomas d’Aquin, et Spaemann, une conception alternative de la finalité, qui diffère de l’objectif et de l’intérêt en ce qu’elle n’est pas construite. Ce concept de finalité permet de voir autrement trois dimensions essentielles du travail du manager : le management par objectif, le faisceau d’exigences contradictoires dont le manager est le point focal, et le dilemme qui se pose à lui entre éthique et efficacité. Enfin, une enquête de terrain permet de montrer que cette logique alternative de la finalité, rattachée à l’éthique des vertus, trouve une certaine place dans le discours des managers de la FDJ, aux côtés du conséquentialisme, qui consacre l’acception utilitaire de la finalité, et du déontologisme qui évacue le recours à la finalité
This thesis aim is to show which notion of purpose is at stake in the manager’s work. It differentiates two ways to address the concept of purpose. The first one, close to the notions of objective, interest, utility, forms the foundations of a classical vision of the manager’s work. However, a second one, based on Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas and Spaemann’s philosophies, arose. This alternative conception differs from objective and interest as it is not elaborated by the subject. It allows a different view on three essential dimensions of the manager’s work: the management by objectives, the body of contradictory requirements that built up on the manager and the dilemma between ethics and efficiency. Finally, a field survey showed that this alternative conception of purpose, linked to virtue-based ethics, has a certain place in the FDJ’s managers’ message, together with consequentialism, which expresses the utilitarian conception of purpose, and deontological ethics, which evacuates any purpose
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41

Flodin, Frans. "Sustainable ethics in public administration? -Ethical dilemmas in sustainable development policy implementation." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-75551.

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This Master´s thesis analyses ethical dilemmas through a theory of three administrative ethics. These three ethics derives from the aspects of sustainable development. The purpose is to combine modern scholars’ requirements of administrative ethics, ideas of how public officials should work and sustainable development as a high ethical goal. Hence the aim is to design an approach and practical understanding of sustainable ethics within public administration. The research applies an empirical and qualitative method, including three elite interviews and a case study. Ethical dilemmas as an ethical phenomenon is used as an analytic tool the can test a practical use of the theory. The interviews are meant to collect experiences from public officials on ethical dilemmas in relation to sustainable development. One case was studied in debt, namely a dilemma situation in Swedish municipality Enköping, where politicians in the Environmental board actively and repeatedly chose not to follow the Environmental Code. A conclusion from the results is that ethical dilemmas in many cases can be illustrate with the theory of sustainable ethics. Moreover, the results show that the interviewees have a restrictive view of how they can and should work as public servants compared with modern scholars’ arguments of more political working public officials. The title of this research ends with a question mark that intend to challenge the reader with a mindset that sustainable ethics requires more than one specific ethic.
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42

Carroll, Mark J. "Physical Therapists' Perception of Risk of Violating Laws and Rules Governing the Practice of Physical Therapy and/or Their Personal Moral and Ethical Values When Failing to Provide Treatment for an Uninsured or Underinsured Patient." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1193091796.

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43

Medetbekova, Tamila. "The influence on ethical behaviour of established foreign companies when entering emerging markets - A case study of two Swedish companies in Kazakhstan." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-59500.

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Background: Companies always look for opportunities to expand their businesses internationally as it is the way for them to grow beyond its current status. Nowadays, emerging markets seem to be very attractive in terms of economic growth. Thus, there is a tendency towards foreign direct investment inflows to emerging market economies. However, these markets can be very risky and there is no guarantee of success. Companies would have to be ready to face challenges and obstacles related to the unfamiliar environment. They would have to deal with the internal confrontation of whether to accept or reject the local rules of the game as well as to face difficulties in terms of maintaining a high standard of business ethics and promoting best corporate governance practices. Overall, the conditions of these markets can negatively affect the ethical behaviour of established foreign companies which in turn can negatively affect the reputation and brand value of these companies.  This paper describes and analyzes the above issues through a case study of two Swedish companies in the market of Kazakhstan: Tele2 and TeliaSonera. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of emerging market economy conditions of Kazakhstan on companies control structure or code of conduct, specifically how they can handle the internal confrontation and maintain a high standard of business ethics and corporate governance practices. Therefore, the tasks were also set to describe and analyze the entry process of two Swedish telecom companies into the market of Kazakhstan in order to improve the understanding of Swedish companies’ preparations, strategy of entry and operations when entering an emerging market of Kazakhstan. Methodology: The research thesis is based on the case study approach which uses a qualitative method to obtain the necessary data. Primary data was collected through interviews with the above mentioned two Swedish telecom companies in Kazakhstan. Secondary data was collected from e-sources. Findings/ Conclusions: In this research, I found that the best entry strategy for entering Kazakhstan is to form a joint-venture with the local partner, but if the company had an earlier experience in similar markets, then the acquisition strategy can be chosen. With regard to the ethical issues, factors such as a weak legal framework, a high level of corruption, poor corporate governance and cultural differences between Sweden and Kazakhstan as well as individual factors of all stakeholders including the manager may have a negative effect on the ethical behaviour of Swedish companies entering and operating in Kazakhstan. It is revealed in this study that Swedish companies manage to confront ethical dilemmas by choosing to “go at it alone”. To be able to confront these issues, companies should set their own bar for how to act as ethically and responsibly. Also, they should ensure the enforcement of codes of conduct, corporate governance, ethics training, ethical role model of top management and whistle-blowers policy.
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Lindén, Ellen, and Johanna Rådeström. "Ethical dilemmas among psychologists in Sweden and South Africa." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15386.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate ethical dilemmas and ethical difficulties experienced by psychologists in Sweden and South Africa. The study is a replication of previous studies conducted by Colnerud (1997) and Slack and Wassenaar (1999). A sample of 295 psychologists in Sweden and 312 psychologists in South Africa were asked to describe situations that they identified as ethically difficult. 53 psychologists in Sweden described 61 incidents and 21 psychologists in South Africa described 24 situations. This corresponds to a response rate of 20% in Sweden and 8% in South Africa. The reported dilemmas were categorized according to a qualitative content analysis developed by Pope and Vetter (1992). The contribution of this study is that the results confirm that confidentiality is a prominent ethical dilemma for psychologists in Sweden and South Africa. This finding is consistent with findings in comprehensive international research. Furthermore, the results indicate that psychologists, especially in Sweden, experience ethical problems due to weakened legitimacy when conducting assessments. The results are discussed taking into consideration the different contexts in which psychologists work, the application of different ethics codes and different levels of ethical awareness. The weaknesses of the study and the method used are also discussed.

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45

McLaverty, Thomas Christopher. "The influence of culture on senior leaders as they seek to resolve ethical dilemmas at work solve ethical dilemmas at work." Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10158555.

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This dissertation explores some of the difficulties that arise when using the cognitive development model to explain ethical behaviour in the world of work. An alternative theoretical position is explored, one that was originally developed in anthropology by Richard Shweder and Jonathan Haidt. This position asserts that ethical behaviour is not universal, it is instead highly contextual and may be influenced by both organisational and ethnic/national culture. The influence of culture on ethical behaviour is explored using narrative research techniques. The research is based on thirty in depth interviews with senior executives who frequently faced ethical dilemmas at work. Interviewees represented a number of diverse cultural backgrounds (including British, Dutch, US, Indian, Saudi, Colombian and Brazilian) and a number of strong organisation cultures. The conclusions emphasize the importance of personal networks as a resource for resolving ethical dilemmas and the importance of different cultural approaches to managing power relations within personal networks. The conclusions question both the current and future role of compliance functions in global corporations and the effectiveness of leadership development and staff training in the field of values and ethics

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46

Oliveira, Nídia Ramos. "Os dilemas éticos dos profissionais de gestão de recursos humanos formados pelo ISEG." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16645.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar os dilemas éticos existentes, em contexto profissional, dos estudantes de GRH formados pelo ISEG. A amostra é constituída por vinte profissionais que frequentaram a unidade curricular de Ética Empresarial. O levantamento dos dilemas existentes e o investimento que as empresas onde trabalham fazem para proporcionar um clima ético dentro das suas organizações, foram duas das componentes analisadas. Com esta investigação constatou-se que são profissionais preparados para lidar com questões éticas nas organizações, embora demonstrem algumas fragilidades no que diz respeito a decisões que envolvem o distanciamento das suas emoções e relações afetivas.
The presented report has as it's main purpose to study the existing ethical dilemmas, in a professional context, of the students of HRM, educated by the ISEG. The sample is based on 20 professional individuals that attended the curricular unit of Business Ethics. The research upon the existing dilemmas and the investment that the companies - where they work - make to maintain an ethical environment within their organizations, are two of the analyzed components. With this investigation, it can be stated that they are professionally qualified individuals, ready to deal with ethical issues within their organizations, although they also demonstrate some weaknesses in the emotional distancing area and their sentimental relationships.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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47

Rodrigues, Catarina Alexandra Lopes. "O papel da ética na seleção : análise das práticas na seleção de trabalhadores em contexto organizacional." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19348.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar quais os principais dilemas éticos no processo de seleção de trabalhadores em contexto organizacional. Para atingir este objetivo utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa através da realização de entrevistas semi-diretivas. A amostra foi constituída por oito profissionais de Gestão de Recursos Humanos, onde a grande maioria desempenha funções de consultoria. As dimensões analisadas foram os processos e procedimentos usados na seleção de trabalhadores, as práticas "justas" no processo de seleção e o impacto que os códigos de conduta ética têm nos processos de seleção de recursos humanos. Com este estudo, conclui-se que no geral as organizações utilizam procedimentos éticos na seleção dos trabalhadores, não discriminando os candidatos em função do sexo, raça ou etnia. Contudo, apesar de as organizações considerarem importante a existência de um código de ética enquanto dimensão estratégica de regulação das boas práticas, em algumas este ainda não existe, de forma a definir os procedimentos éticos da organização.
This research aims to analyze the main ethical dilemmas in the process of selecting workers in an organizational context. To achieve this objective, a qualitative methodology was used through semi-directive interviews. The sample include eight human resources management professionals, most of whom performed consulting functions. The dimensions analyzed were the processes and procedures used in the selection of workers, the "fair" practices in the selection process and the impact that codes of ethical conduct have on human resource selection processes. With this study, we concluded that organizations generally use ethical procedures in the selection of workers, not discriminating candidates according to gender, race or ethnicity. However, if organizations consider the existence of a code of ethics important to the regulation of good practices, some of them do not have a code in order to define the ethical procedures of the organization.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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48

Kent, Leanne E. "Tragic Dilemmas, Virtue Ethics and Moral Luck." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1225468182.

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49

Jensen, Tobias, and Ulrika Hindersson. "Etiska dilemman på Stockholms Jobbtorg : Ur ett studie- och yrkesvägledarperspektiv." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Education, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-28203.

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Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur studie- och yrkesvägledare på Jobbtorg arbetar med de dilemman som kan uppstå kring de etiska riktlinjerna. Författarnas hypotes har varit att det är svårt att tillämpa de etiska riktlinjerna i en målstyrd verksamhet som Jobbtorg. En kvalitativ metod har används där fem slumpmässigt utvalda studie- och yrkesvägledare på Jobbtorg Stockholm har intervjuats. Resultatet visar på att studie- och yrkesvägledarna upplever dilemman kring deras yrkesetik, men har utarbetat olika strategier för att hantera dessa dilemman. Det visade sig att studie- och yrkesvägledarna hade skapat sig ett stort arbetsutrymme kring studie- och yrkesvägledningen på Jobbtorg. Dilemman som de intervjupersonerna istället belyste var bland annat ekonomiska riktlinjer inom försörjningsstöd, att förmedla objektiv information och aspiranternas önskan om expertutlåtanden.


The purpose of this essay was to examine how the guidance counselour on Jobbtorg Stockholm works with the dilemmas which may arise over the ethical guidelines. The authors' hypothesis has been that it is difficult to apply the ethical guidelines of a targeted activity such as Jobbtorg. A qualitative approach was used in which five randomly selected guidance counselours on Jobbtorg Stockholm were interviewed. The result shows that guidance counselours experience dilemmas about their professional ethics, but have developed different strategies to deal with these dilemmas. It turned out that the guidance counselours have created a wide space around the guidance and counseling on Jobbtorg. Dilemmas that the interviewees rather highlighted, among other was economic policies, to provide objective information and the clients desire for expert advice.

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50

Taffner, Viviane Barrere Martin. "Dilemas éticos: a percepção de enfermeiros de instituições de medicina diagnóstica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7131/tde-17112006-101802/.

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Este estudo teve como objetivos revelar os dilemas éticos do cotidiano de enfermeiros de instituições de medicina diagnóstica, e o que consideram na tomada de decisão frente a esses dilemas. Para compreender o vivencial desses enfermeiros nesse contexto, optei pela abordagem qualitativa, vertente fenomenológica, segundo a modalidade “estrutura do fenômeno situado”. Foram realizadas nove entrevistas com duas questões norteadoras: “Em seu cotidiano, você identifica situações que envolvam dilemas éticos? Fale sobre a sua vivência.” e “Frente a um dilema ético, o que você leva em consideração para a tomada de decisão?”. Após a descrição dos discursos, foi realizada a análise ideográfica, a partir da qual surgiram sete temas: “(Não) Reconhecimento da existência de dilemas éticos”; “Falta de autonomia profissional”; “(Des) Valorização profissional”; “Fatores envolvidos na tomada de decisão”; “Humanização no relacionamento com a equipe e com o cliente”; “Postura ética” e “Valorização da dimensão técnica”. Com a análise nomotética realizada posteriormente, buscou-se revelar as convergências e divergências das unidades de significado interpretadas, com o intuito de perceber a estrutura geral do fenômeno. Com as proposições foi possível desvelar que em Medicina Diagnóstica, os dilemas éticos são percebidos como situações desencadeadas pelo cliente, família, profissionais e instituição. As enfermeiras tomam decisões através da participação de todos os envolvidos na situação, ponderando o custo-benefício de uma ação para o cliente, agindo de forma humanizada, através de suas crenças, respeitando a hierarquia institucional e procurando respaldo médico quando sentem insegurança. A decisão para mudar uma rotina só é tomada quando existem recursos no trabalho. Cumprir normas e condutas da empresa, ser imparcial e humana com a equipe de enfermagem e cliente e ver o que é certo e errado para tomar a posição correta diante de uma situação ética, também são fatores considerados na tomada de decisão.
This study tried to reveal the ethical dilemmas in wich nurses from institutions of medicine diagnostic live every day, and what they consider when they make a decision. To understand the nurse’s experience in this context, I chose the qualitative analysis, according to phenomenological orientation in which there is the modality “structure of the phenomenon situated”. Nine interviews were realized with two guiding questions: “In your ordinary day, do you identify situations involving ethical dilemmas? Speak about your experience.” and “In front of an ethical dilemma, what do you take into consideration for making a decision?” After describing the speeches, there was an ideographic analysis in which apperead seven themes: “(No) Acknowledgement of the existence of ethical dilemmas”; “Lack of professional autonomy”; “Professional (de) valuation”; “Factors involved in making decision”; “Humanization in the relationship with the team and the customer”; “Ethical attitude” and “Valuation of the tecnique dimension”. The nomothetic analysis was in order to show the convergences and divergences of the units of meaning interpreted, with the purpose of understanting the general structure of the phenomenon. With the propositions it was possible to unveil that the ethical dilemmas in Medicine Diagnostic are perceived like situations created by costumer, family professionals and institution. The nurses make a decisions by regarding the participation of people involved in the situation, analyse the cost-benefit of an action for the customer, humanize their actions, in their beliefs, respect the institucional hierarchy and look for a medical opinion when they feel insecurity. The only decide to change a routine when there are resources at work. Other factors are also considered for making a decision: execute rules and behaviours inside the company, be impartial and humane with the nursing team and the customer and identify what is right and wrong to know how to make a correct decision in an ethic situation.
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