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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethics in counselling practice'
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Savage, Peter. "Philosophical Counselling." Nursing Ethics 4, no. 1 (January 1997): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309700400105.
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Philosophical counselling is an approach that aims to assist people to deal with life events in an effective manner. As such, it is of interest to nurses who are concerned with helping clients who require assistance effectively to manage life events. The approach utilizes both ancient and contemporary philosophical promises and theories. On the promise side, it offers the belief that philosophy can be concerned with providing answers to the question of how people ought to live a good or healthy life. On the theory side, it offers the belief that philosophical inquiry and theory can help people towards such answers. Thus the theory and practice of philosophical counselling is relevant to nurses whose practice aims to promote in their clients a good or healthy lifestyle. The practice of philosophical counselling, in a substance abuse centre, will be explored to demonstrate the theory and methods of the approach.
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Van Mesdag, R. "Counselling in general practice." Journal of Medical Ethics 20, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 197–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.20.3.197-a.
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Wu¨stner, Kerstin. "Ethics and practice: Two worlds? The example of genetic counselling." New Genetics and Society 22, no. 1 (April 2003): 61–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1463677032000069718.
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Balsemão Pires, Edmundo. "Counselling and Ethical Theories." Acta Europeana Systemica 8 (July 10, 2020): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/aes.v8i1.56503.
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The multiplication of counseling interventions, therapeutic models, advisory practices, couching expertise or “think tanks” is a characteristic of the increasing social awareness to the need for control or to the observation of learning in psychological and social contexts. Such trends put under a special focus the contribution of Science and Technology to the best design of the self-observation of organizations. Appropriate answers to specific ethical issues resulting from conflict or stress in the interpenetration of psychic (actions, perceptions and beliefs) and communicative schemes (decision-making sequences, interactional patterns and communicative themes) are also today’s concerns. In my paper, I propose a redefinition of second-order Ethics (after Heinz von Foerster’s Second-Order Cybernetics). Second-order Ethics proves to be a valid answer to the needs for an ethical theory able to address the theme of responsibility in personal processes where learning to learn is crucial and also a good tool to face concrete situations requiring therapeutic intervention or counselling in learning organisations.
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Saburova, Vera I. "Issues of Ethics in Prenatal Diagnostics." Studies in Christian Ethics 24, no. 4 (November 2011): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0953946811415016.
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Aspects of the current practice of prenatal diagnostics in Russia are surveyed. In the light of this, various ethical concerns are highlighted: (1) the requirement of parental informed consent to testing is not always sufficiently respected either in state regulation or in the practice of physicians; (2) not all Russian physicians are aware of international guidelines or standards of good practice in areas such as non-directive counselling, patient confidentiality with respect to genetic information and the patient’s right to maintain control over his or her information; (3) abortion is viewed increasingly as an aspect of preventive medicine.
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Melonowski, Michał. "„Ethics of care” and its limitations in psychotherapy and psychological counselling." Educational Psychology 57, no. 15 (June 30, 2019): 230–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2982.
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The problematic field in this article is one of the most vivid, contemporary dispute, i.e. the dispute between “ethics of care” and “ethics of justice”. “Ethics of care” is Carol Gilligan’s concept derived from her controversy with Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. “Ethics of justice” is a summary term for different concepts developed within the traditional ethics. This traditional ethics tried to name universal principles of acting, independent from the acting person and her feelings. The central categories were “justice” and “the Good”. For the second kind of ethics the central category is “care” and moral duties are gradable. In this article I analyse the controversy in the field of psychotherapy. I maintain that dynamics of psychotherapeutic relation is such that it “imposes” the “ethics of care”. Referring to some examples from clinical practice I tend to prove how dangerous absence of the “ethics of justice” can be in psychotherapy. I claim that using only the “ethics of care” approach in understanding and approaching the patient’s acting may narrow the therapeutic process and slow down the patient’s moral growth.
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Sivis-Cetinkaya, Rahsan. "Breaching confidentiality to report students’ risk-taking behaviours to school administrators." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 30, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2019.17.
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AbstractThis study examined Turkish school counsellors’ (SCs) ratings of the importance of factors in deciding to report students’ risk-taking behaviours to school administrators (SAs). A sample of Turkish SCs (N = 252) were surveyed. Most and least important factors were determined. Group differences in terms of gender, school level of employment, and attending mandatory counselling ethics training were investigated. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests were used in group comparisons. ‘Protecting the student’ was rated as the most important factor, and ‘Gender of the student’ was the least important factor. Statistically significant group differences with respect to gender, school level of employment, and attending mandatory counselling ethics training were identified. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Walseth, Liv Tveit, Eirik Abildsnes, and Edvin Schei. "Lifestyle, health and the ethics of good living. Health behaviour counselling in general practice." Patient Education and Counseling 83, no. 2 (May 2011): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2010.05.022.
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Nguyen, Lan Thi, Matthew McDonald, Susan Mate, and Greig Taylor. "Advancing a cross-cultural narrative approach to career counselling: The case of Vietnam." Australian Journal of Career Development 27, no. 2 (July 2018): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1038416218780069.
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The purpose of this paper is to advance the concept of narrative approaches to career counselling from a cross-cultural perspective by investigating the case of Vietnam. It offers an account of the sociocultural context of Vietnam as it shifts from its traditional Confucian and communist values to a modern globally integrated market economy. Current approaches to career counselling in Vietnam for students in secondary and tertiary education are outdated and so fail to respond to the challenges that this shift is creating. It is argued that narrative career counselling has the potential to reconcile the tension between the need for flexibility and self-direction in work and career in a society that continues to be heavily influenced by Confucian ethics and collective notions of the self. The paper concludes with a call for future research on the practice of narrative career counselling cross-culturally to test its suitability.
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Oghounu, A. E., and E. E. Enakpoya. "Ethical Consideration for Counsellor Practice as Perceived by Student Counsellors in Nigerian Universities." Journal of Educational and Social Research 10, no. 6 (November 18, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jesr-2020-0114.
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The paper examined the perception of student counsellors studying Guidance and Counselling in various Nigerian Universities on ethical codes which should guide and protect the counselling profession. Four research questions were raised to guide the study and two corresponding hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive survey design, with a sample of 1,500 students, drawn from selected Nigerian universities using the multistage sampling technique. The instrument used to gather data for the study was a 50 item questionnaire constructed by the researcher. The psychometric properties were determined and found adequate for use. The test-re-test method was applied to determine reliability which yielded r = 0.88. Senior lecturers in the Department of Guidance and Counselling ascertained content and construct adequacy of the instrument. Data collected were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions and t-test to test the hypotheses. The study found out that respondents perceived counselling codes highly irrespective of their gender and religious beliefs although male respondents showed stronger agreement. It was therefore recommended that the Counselling Association of Nigeria should develop counselling ethical codes for professional counselling practice in Nigeria without considering any bias for gender and religion.
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Drobnic, Janez. "The key innovations in career guidance on labour market." Economics ecology socium 3, no. 2 (June 21, 2019): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2019.3.2-2.
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Introduction. In a modern dynamic society, new vocations and fields of activity are constantly emerging. The goal of the modern vocational education, information and counselling is to enable the individual to develop a career in the whole life course, full of changes and events. Former approaches have proved inadequate; therefore, new ways are being sought. Therefore, it is necessary to design approaches in managing careers, including those with special needs, and which counselling approaches for a career are best suited to an increasingly dynamic labour market.
Aim and task. The basic research goal is to find all those innovations in theories and practices that appear in newer career guidance and career counselling approaches. For that purpose,, an longitudinal analysis of articles, studies, guidelines has been carried out that are accessible on web portals. Thus, the most important innovations that are often found in recent theories and practices are revealed.
Results. System theories and constructivism in career guidance represent an urgent response to changes in a dynamic society, but still include some parts of previous theories and practices. Meaning, the present essentially implies the accumulating and merging of previous approaches that deal with individuals in a way that individuals become agents who manage their own careers. The most important innovations are: learning as the individual's own project, narrative approach with storytelling, reconstruction of self-esteem, self-determination, nonlinear career, empathy in counselling, decision-making autonomy, no directed counselling. So new constructivist perspective continues to influence career theory and practice.
Conclusions. The study shows that it is impossible to talk about the best universal theories or approaches in the field of career guidance and career counselling, but about the most usable ones, in the given circumstances. The development of practices in career guidance and counselling is most influenced by psychology, and recently also by social-cognitive psychology, but the influence of other disciplines, such as sociology, ethics, economics and others, is increasing. Innovations that have been identified show the integration of diverse concepts; in particular, the contextual view that appears also in other social sciences. In emphasizing the active nature of individuals as self-building, self-renewing and self-organizing system within constructivist approach, it is viewed as important underpinning for the practice which is responding to ever changing times.
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Nathan, Kathryn A. "Areca Cessation and Dentists in Harrow (North London)." Primary Dental Care os17, no. 1 (January 2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/135576110790307609.
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Aim To assess dentists’ awareness and provision of areca cessation counselling to patients in general dental practices in Harrow (North London) in 2007. Methods In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires with specific questions and a space for free comments were sent to all 150 general dentists in the Primary Care Trust NHS Harrow area on 1st June 2007. The questionnaires had been piloted and the study was given ethical approval by Harrow Research Ethics Committee. Completed questionnaires were assessed to determine dentists’ provision of areca cessation counselling to dental patients. Free comments were assessed for content and meaning. Results A response rate of 57% (83/150 dentists) was obtained. Dentists were nearly twice as likely to neglect to provide patients with areca cessation counselling (32.5%) than to neglect to provide tobacco cessation counselling (16.9%). Dentists’ comments revealed a lack of awareness and the materials and support needed to counsel patients in areca cessation. Conclusions The majority of dentists who took part in this study require increased training, support and materials to facilitate awareness of areca nut use in the community and cessation counselling for patients.
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Hudson Breen, Rebecca E., and Breanna Lawrence. "A Call for Enhanced Training and Action on the Intersections of Mental Health, Decent Work, and Career in Counselling and Psychotherapy." Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47634/cjcp.v55i1.68542.
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Although career is identified as a key element of counselling and counselling psychology, currently many students and professionals within these disciplines do not identify career as integral to their practice. This neglect persists despite ongoing calls for increased awareness of career development issues from scholars in the field. The authors argue that the integration of the psychology of work and career is essential to ethical practice in counselling and counselling psychology as well as a necessary area of competency in acting on fostering social justice and decent work as a human right. Recommendations for integrating career within counsellor education and counselling psychology training programs are discussed.
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Beck, Alison K., Erin Forbes, Amanda L. Baker, Ben Britton, Christopher Oldmeadow, and Gregory Carter. "Adapted motivational interviewing for brief healthcare consultations: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment fidelity in real-world evaluations of behaviour change counselling." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e028417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028417.
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IntroductionTreatment fidelity is an important and often neglected component of complex behaviour change research. It is central to understanding treatment effects, especially for evaluations conducted outside of highly controlled research settings. Ensuring that promising interventions can be delivered adequately (ie, with fidelity) by real-world clinicians within real-world settings is an essential step in developing interventions that are both effective and ‘implementable’. Whether this is the case for behaviour change counselling, a complex intervention developed specifically for maximising the effectiveness of real-world consultations about health behaviour change, remains unclear. To improve our understanding of treatment effects, best practice guidelines recommend the use of strategies to enhance, monitor and evaluate what clinicians deliver during patient consultations. There has yet to be a systematic evaluation of whether and how these recommendations have been employed within evaluations of behaviour change counselling, nor the impact on patient health behaviour and/or outcome. We seek to address this gap.Methods and analysisMethods are informed by published guidelines. Ten electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete, ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis; Wiley, ProQuest and Open Grey) will be searched for published and unpublished articles that evaluate behaviour change counselling within real-world clinical settings (randomised and non-randomised). Eligible papers will be rated against the National Institute of Health fidelity framework. A synthesis, evaluation and critical overview of fidelity practices will be reported and linear regression used to explore change across time. Random-effect meta-regression is planned to explore whether fidelity (outcomes reported and methods used) is associated with the impact of behaviour change counselling. Standardised effect sizes will be calculated using Hedges’ g (continuous outcomes) and ORs (binary/dichotomous outcomes).Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. Findings will be disseminated via journal publication and conference presentation(s).PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019131169
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Shahriah, Sunjida, Sunjida Islam, and Khalid Arafat. "Therapeutic Contract and Ethical Practice in Counselling and Psychotherapy." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 10, no. 3 (November 1, 2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v10i3.50405.
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Psychotherapists and counsellors confront several ethical dilemmas as they tend to provide effective services. There has been much debate among psychotherapists and counsellors alike around the utility of therapeutic contracts. Some view contracts as being restrictive to the therapeutic process and often hindering the work done in sessions. In contrast, many counsellors and psychotherapists use those agreements to revisit specific therapeutic topics and establish the guidelines necessary for this professional arrangement. No matter the opinion or preference of contracts, the development of written and/or verbal consent of specific topics in psychotherapy remains essential. This remains one of the formal features of the arrangement and starting relationship in current counselling and psychotherapy practice. This paper aims to discuss the necessity and ethical demand of therapeutic contract in counselling and psychotherapy practice.
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Gulina, M. A. "“Driving To Unknown” – Teaching Counselling Psychology At Universities." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 25, no. 3 (2017): 109–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2017250307.
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The article outlines some major current issues of teaching and training for counselling psychology, in other words — theory and practice of psychological counselling. Well-developed British model of teaching and training for counselling psychology is described and critically analyzed. Some questions and considerations regarding this model are formulated. Some current issues of counselling psychology are discussed, namely integrative approaches in counselling psychology, and philosophical and ethical basis of this rather new theoretical field in psychology. Specificity of a therapist/counselling psychologist and client/patient encounter is outlined.
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Konoplyanik, Alexandra A., and Taisiya R. Kondratyeva. "Philosophical Practice in the Contemporary World." Ethical Thought 21, no. 1 (2021): 148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-4870-2021-21-1-148-162.
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In traditional academic sense practical philosophy is the combination of those philosophical disciplines which study the practical manifestations of human life, such as ethics and political philosophy. So “practice” in this context is not so much the way of doing philosophy, but rather its object of interest. Thus different subject-specific and applied philosophies are frequently referenced as areas of practical philosophy, though might as well develop in purely academic context. However, there exists another increasingly visible interpretation of practical philosophy, often also referred to as philosophical practice, which involves the use of philosophical tools and insights for philosophical work outside of academia. The best established forms of philosophical practice are individual philosophical counselling/consultancy, philosophy for children, community philosophy/philosophical cafe, philosophy for business. The core (but not strict) common denominator for all these formats is the joint philosophical work of a professional philosopher with non-philosophers. This work may be perceived of intrinsic value or goal-oriented, including making sense of oneself and the world, personal development, developing thinking and metacognitive skills, solving particular conceptually rich problems, including ethical dilemmas. These formats have been developed and formalised to differing extent in different countries and regions. The goal of the present paper is to introduce the Russian-speaking reader to philosophical practice as a contemporary manifestation of practical philosophy and give a short analytical overview of its key formats in the contemporary world, incl. in Russia.
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Fairhurst, Karen, and Christopher Dowrick. "Problems with Recruitment in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Counselling in General Practice: Causes and Implications." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 1, no. 2 (April 1996): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135581969600100205.
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Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of counselling in the management of minor psychiatric morbidity in general practice, and to explore the reasons for difficulties in recruiting patients to such an evaluation. Methods: We attempted to conduct a randomized controlled trial of counselling in eight general practices in one NHS family health services authority area in England. Having experienced significant problems recruiting patients, we conducted semi-structured telephone interviews ( n = 8) with participating GPs to explore the reasons for these difficulties. Results: Five months after the start of the study only one patient had been recruited. The main reasons identified as contributing to the recruitment problems were: General practitioners' motivation for involvement in the study; their ethical doubts about the randomization process; the perceived lack of a viable non-counselling intervention; and their existing practical commitment to counselling. Conclusion: Although methodological modification might enhance the potential for success in future studies of this sort, more fundamental difficulties concerning general practitioners' attitudes to research and their professional responsibilities lie at the heart of our recruitment problems.
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Thompson, Nigel S. "Ethical issues in counselling and therapy practice: walking the line." Asia Pacific Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy 8, no. 2 (July 2, 2017): 165–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21507686.2017.1342676.
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Kazmi, Faleeha Zehra, Farzana Riaz, and Syeda Hira Gilani. "Sufism and Mysticism in Aurangzeb Alamgir's Era." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. II (June 30, 2019): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(iv-ii).49.
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Mysticism is defined as a search of God, Spiritual truth and ultimate reality. It is a practice of religious ideologies, myths, ethics and ecstasies. The Christian mysticism is the practise or theory which is within Christianity. The Jewish mysticism is theosophical, meditative and practical. A school of practice that emphasizes the search for Allah is defined as Islamic mysticism. It is believed that the earliest figure of Sufism is Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Different Sufis and their writings have played an important role in guidance and counselling of people and peaceful co-existence in the society. Mughal era was an important period regarding Sufism in the subcontinent. The Mughal kings were devotees of different Sufi orders and promoted Sufism and Sufi literature. It is said that Aurangzeb Alamgir was against Sufism, but a lot of Mystic prose and poetic work can be seen during Aurangzeb Alamgir's era. In this article, we will discuss Mystic Poetry and Prose of Aurangzeb's period.
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Nyrhinen, Tarja, Marja Hietala, Pauli Puukka, and Helena Leino-Kilpi. "Privacy and Equality in Diagnostic Genetic Testing." Nursing Ethics 14, no. 3 (May 2007): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007075864.
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This study aimed to determine the extent to which the principles of privacy and equality were observed during diagnostic genetic testing according to views held by patients or child patients' parents (n = 106) and by staff (n = 162) from three Finnish university hospitals. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using the SAS 8.1 statistical software. In general, the two principles were observed relatively satisfactorily in clinical practice. According to patients/parents, equality in the post-analytic phase and, according to staff, privacy in the pre-analytic phase, involved the greatest ethical problems. The two groups differed in their views concerning pre-analytic privacy. Although there were no major problems regarding the two principles, the differences between the testing phases require further clarification. To enhance privacy protection and equality, professionals need to be given more genetics/ethics training, and patients individual counselling by genetics units staff, giving more consideration to patients' world-view, the purpose of the test and the test result.
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Harrison, Kristie H., KS Kylie Lee, Timothy Dobbins, Scott Wilson, Noel Hayman, Rowena Ivers, Paul S. Haber, et al. "Supporting Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services to deliver alcohol care: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e030909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030909.
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IntroductionIndigenous peoples who have experienced colonisation or oppression can have a higher prevalence of alcohol-related harms. In Australia, Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) offer culturally accessible care to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) peoples. However there are many competing health, socioeconomic and cultural client needs.Methods and analysisA randomised cluster wait-control trial will test the effectiveness of a model of tailored and collaborative support for ACCHSs in increasing use of alcohol screening (with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)) and of treatment provision (brief intervention, counselling or relapse prevention medicines).SettingTwenty-two ACCHSs across Australia.RandomisationServices will be stratified by remoteness, then randomised into two groups. Half receive support soon after the trial starts (intervention or ‘early support’); half receive support 2 years later (wait-control or ‘late support’).The supportCore support elements will be tailored to local needs and include: support to nominate two staff as champions for increasing alcohol care; a national training workshop and bimonthly teleconferences for service champions to share knowledge; onsite training, and bimonthly feedback on routinely collected data on screening and treatment provision.Outcomes and analysisPrimary outcome is use of screening using AUDIT-C as routinely recorded on practice software. Secondary outcomes are recording of brief intervention, counselling, relapse prevention medicines; and blood pressure, gamma glutamyltransferase and HbA1c. Multi-level logistic regression will be used to test the effectiveness of support.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from eight ethics committees: the Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of New South Wales (1217/16); Central Australian Human Research Ethics Committee (CA-17-2842); Northern Territory Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research (2017-2737); Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service (17/QCQ/9); Far North Queensland (17/QCH/45-1143); Aboriginal Health Research Ethics Committee, South Australia (04-16-694); St Vincent’s Hospital (Melbourne) Human Research Ethics Committee (LRR 036/17); and Western Australian Aboriginal Health Ethics Committee (779).Trial registration numberACTRN12618001892202; Pre-results.
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Wendt, Sarah, Fiona Buchanan, Chris Dolman, and Dan Moss. "Engagement: Narrative ways of working with men when domestic violence is noticed in couple counselling." Journal of Social Work 20, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 234–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017318794253.
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Summary This article reports on a project that explored the complexities of engaging and working with men when domestic violence is noticed in a couple counselling context. There are concerns and controversy surrounding domestic violence and couple counselling; however, it has also been noted that many couples want to remain together and voluntarily approach services for couple counselling. The project reported on in this paper adopted a qualitative methodological design influenced by participatory action research ideas and memory work methods to analyse engagement of men used by nine social work family relationship counsellors. Findings Counsellors used narrative therapy ideas to maintain a stance of curiosity when working with couples when domestic violence was noticed. Curiosity was described as a way of opening up conversations to explore power differences and gender relations and as a method to balance safety with engagement. Specific engagement strategies identified included identifying ethics as a conversation point to explore the effects of power, violence and fear perpetrated by the male partners; exploring dynamics of power and control in relationships and exploring other possibilities in relationships. Applications Alongside debates about the effectiveness and success in domestic violence men’s perpetration intervention programmes, there is a need to look at engagement of men more broadly. Family relationship counselling can be viewed as an opportunity to engage with men where domestic violence is noticed. Engagement of men is an important piece of practice that can potentially set up effective and successful behaviour change when responding to domestic violence.
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Glasheen, Kevin, Marilyn A. Campbell, and Ian Shochet. "Opportunities and Challenges: School Guidance Counsellors’ Perceptions of Counselling Students Online." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 23, no. 2 (September 4, 2013): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2013.15.
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School guidance counsellors worldwide seek ways of providing appropriate professional assistance to all students. While young people integrate online technology into their daily lives and go online for information and to communicate with each other, school counsellors in Australia are not offering online support to students. This cross-sectional study reported on the reluctance of school counsellors to offer online counselling and the reasons for this. A survey was developed focusing on the intention to offer online counselling based on indicative factors favouring the use of this initiative. 210 school guidance counsellors completed the survey online, which showed that there is conditional support for the introduction of online counselling into the school setting. Counsellors indicated that they would use online counselling if students accepted its use in the school setting though they question how genuine students would be in its use. Most respondents reported a lack of confidence in understanding the ethical and legal implications of online counselling. However, the majority of participants were prepared to undertake further professional development in this mode of counselling. Additionally, they sought confirmation of the effectiveness of counselling students online before committing themselves to it. The implications for school guidance practice are discussed.
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Ong, Royston, Samantha Edwards, Denise Howting, Benjamin Kamien, Karen Harrop, Gianina Ravenscroft, Mark Davis, et al. "Study protocol of a multicentre cohort pilot study implementing an expanded preconception carrier-screening programme in metropolitan and regional Western Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e028209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028209.
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IntroductionPreconception carrier screening (PCS) identifies couples at risk of having children with recessive genetic conditions. New technologies have enabled affordable sequencing for multiple disorders simultaneously, including identifying carrier status for many recessive diseases. The aim of the study was to identify the most effective way of delivering PCS in Western Australia (WA) through the public health system.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre cohort pilot study of 250 couples who have used PCS, conducted at three sites: (1) Genetic Services of Western Australia, (2) a private genetic counselling practice in Perth and (3) participating general practice group practices in the Busselton region of WA. The primary outcome of the pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing the comprehensive PCS programme in the WA healthcare system. Secondary outcome measures included evaluation of the psychosocial impact of couples, such as reproductive autonomy; identification of areas within the health system that had difficulties in implementing the programme and evaluation of tools developed during the study.Ethics and disseminationApproval was provided by the Women and Newborn Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) at King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women (RGS0000000946) and the University of Western Australia (UWA) HREC (RA/4/20/4258). Participants may choose to withdraw at any time. Withdrawal will in no way affect participating couples' medical care. Study couples will be redirected to another participating health professional for consultation or counselling in the event of a health professional withdrawing. All evaluation data will be deidentified and stored in a password-protected database in UWA. In addition, all hard copy data collected will be kept in a locked cabinet within a secure building. All electronic data will be stored in a password-protected, backed-up location in the UWA Institutional Research Data Store. All evaluative results will be published as separate manuscripts, and selected results will be presented at conferences.
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Blyth, Eric, Petra Thorn, and Tewes Wischmann. "CBRC and psychosocial counselling: assessing needs and developing an ethical framework for practice." Reproductive BioMedicine Online 23, no. 5 (November 2011): 642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2011.07.009.
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Weier, Justine, and Graham Davidson. "Remote rural community perceptions of ethical psychological practice." South Pacific Journal of Psychology 11, no. 2 (1999): 24–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0257543400000596.
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AbstractAll residents bar one of an isolated rural Australian town were interviewed to obtain their understandings of psychologists' roles vis a vis other professional workers' roles in rural communities, confidentiality expectations and limits to confidentiality, and overlaps between psychologists' professional and their other non-professional social roles. Data were gathered using a Kellian repertory grid technique and analysed using a multidimensional scaling technique. The results indicated that residents construed the psychologist's role as being different from other health or pastoral-counselling professionals' roles. Residents reported a complex array of opinions regarding the application of confidentiality standards, and limits to confidentiality, although all reported that limits to confidentiality should exist. Although residents reported and accepted that psychologists engage in a variety of non-professional, social roles in small rural communities, they also expected that psychologists would clearly differentiate between their professional role and their non-professional roles. Results overall were consistent with research findings with urban residents and with the professional code and guidelines.
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Abkhezr, Peyman, Mary McMahon, Marilyn Campbell, and Kevin Glasheen. "Exploring the boundary between narrative research and narrative intervention." Narrative Inquiry 30, no. 2 (May 19, 2020): 316–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.18031.abk.
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Abstract Researchers need to be cautious and reflective about the boundaries between narrative research and narrative intervention. Pursuing the ethics of care and the responsive and responsible practice of narrative inquiry obliges qualitative researchers to remain sensitive about the implications of engaging participants in narrative inquiry. This is accentuated with narrative inquiry into the life experiences of marginalised or disempowered populations. This study explored the implications of engaging recently resettled young African participants in narrative inquiry interviews. Thematic analysis uncovered four themes and 11 subthemes from the interviews. The Future Career Autobiography (FCA; Rehfuss, 2009, 2015) was used to understand these participants’ narrative themes and explore the possibility of narrative change as a result of participating in narrative inquiry interviews. The findings illustrate the transformative function of narrative inquiry as uncovered by the FCA, and how narrative inquiry could potentially cross a boundary with narrative interventions such as narrative career counselling.
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Vasile, D., and O. Vasiliu. "Genetic counselling in patients with bipolar disorder–ethical challenges." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.265.
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BackgroundGenetic counselling in psychiatric patients is almost always a challenge on multiple levels of communication, because the mental health specialist is situated between the need to validate the freedom of procreation, and the duty to inform patients about the risk of transmitting their disease to off-springs. Bipolar disorder (BPD) is reputed to be one of the most heritable psychiatric disorder, a factor that complicate even more the ethical situation.ObjectivesTo assess how psychiatrists and psychologists conducted genetic counseling for patients with BPD and the challenges that mental health professionals consider important when they need to make this type of counseling.MethodsStandardized interviewing of 15 psychiatrists and psychologists who experienced during their clinical practice aspects of genetic counseling in patients with BPD.ResultsThe most commonly reported problems related to the genetic counseling in bipolar patients were: lack of reliable data on family history (53.3%), amplification of patient stigmatization (46.6%), controversies in the literature on the assessment of the disease risk (40%), difficulties in maintaining a nondirective attitude (33.3%), lack of genetic counseling follow-up (33.3%), disproportionate interest from the partner without mental disorder, when compared to patients, in terms of aspects of genetic counseling (26.6%), alteration of the therapeutic relationship and patients interest in treatment (26.6%).ConclusionsGenetic counseling is a challenge for mental health professionals, who must cope with the lack of reliable data on the pathogenesis of BPD, negative reactions from the patients’ partners, patient disinterest or hostility and possible negative effects on the therapeutic relationship.Disclosure of interestThe presenting author was speaker for Astra Zeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, CSC Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly, Janssen Cilag, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, Servier, Sanofi Aventis and participated in clinical research funded by Janssen Cilag, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, Sanofi Aventis, Schering Plough, Organon, Bioline Rx, Forenap, Wyeth, Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Dainippon Sumitomo, Servier.
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Arjoni, Arjoni, Charles Charles, and Intan Sari. "Religious Tolerance of Minangkabau and Batak Ethnic Students in Xaverius Bukittinggi High School." JOMSIGN: Journal of Multicultural Studies in Guidance and Counseling 4, no. 1 (May 16, 2020): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jomsign.v4i1.22398.
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This article is based on the results of a mini-research that aims to describe the religious tolerance of Minangkabau and Batak ethnic students at Xaverius Bukittinggi High School in the academic year 2019/2020. This research uses a quantitative approach. The steps in this research are conducting preliminary studies, literature studies, data collection, data analysts and conclusions. The population of this study, XII Bukittinggi ethnic group Minangkabau and Batak ethics XII grade students. Sampling with purposive sampling technique. Data collection using a questionnaire, data analysis techniques with normality, homogeneity, and T-test. The results of this study illustrate the religious tolerance of ethnic Minangkabau and Batak students dominated by the tolerant category. There was no significant difference in religious tolerance between ethnic Minangkabau and Batak students. However, differences in religious tolerance scores were found between ethnic Minangkabau students and Batak students on the aspect of maintaining independence in practising religion and respecting the practice of diversity. The Batak students are a minority population in Xaverius Bukittinggi high school while the majority are Minangkabau students population. Development of religious tolerance Students of the Minangkabau ethnic group and the Batak ethnic group at Xaverius High School tend to be equally tolerant and potentially more tolerant when the curriculum and education at the school are carried out properly. The results of this study can be used as consideration for developing religious-spiritual strength counselling and arranging cross-cultural counselling and guidance programs in high schools.
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Zellner, Leonhard, Florian Herpich, David Brieber, Margit Herle, Peter Zwanzger, and Alexander Brunnauer. "Protocol for the conceptualization and evaluation of a screening-tool for fitness-to-drive assessment in older people with cognitive impairment." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): e0256262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256262.
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Introduction Due to aging and health status people may be subjected to a decrease of cognitive ability and subsequently also a decline of driving safety. On the other hand there is a lack of valid and economically applicable instruments to assess driving performance. Objective The study is designed to develop a valid screening-tool for fitness-to-drive assessment in older people with cognitive impairment externally validated on the basis of on-road driving performance. Methods In a single-centre, non-randomized cross-sectional trial cognitive functioning and on-road-driving-behavior of older drivers will be assessed. Forty participants with cognitive impairment of different etiology and 40 healthy controls will undergo an extensive neuropsychological assessment. Additionally, an on-road driving assessment for external validation of fitness to drive will be carried out. Primary outcome measures will be performance in attention, executive functions and visuospatial tasks that will be validated with respect to performance on the on-road-driving-test. Secondary outcome measures will be sociodemographic, clinical- and driving characteristics to systematically examine their influence on the prediction of driving behavior. Discussion In clinical practice counselling patients with respect to driving safety is of great relevance. Thus, having valid, reliable, time economical and easily interpretable screening-tools on hand to counsel patients is of great relevance for practitioners. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich. The trial results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and various conferences. Trial registration 18–640. Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register. Registration number: DRKS00023549.
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Linkeviciute, Alma, Giovanni Boniolo, and Fedro A. Peccatori. "Setting Up an Ethical Oncofertility Practice in Developing Countries." Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 5, no. 3 (January 12, 2015): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i3.21532.
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Fertility preservation for cancer patients is a relatively new field in medicine which requires interdisciplinary approach. Improving therapies and rising survival rates require to consider patients quality of life after cancer is cured which is relevant personal issue regardless of the individual income and the level of development of the country of origin. Fertility preservation offers possible solution but also raises ethical questions. We provide a summary of ethical principles embodied in professional guidelines together with options and restrictions to access fertility preservation in developing countries. We also make a suggestion that oncofertility counselling could be a pillar to address fertility preservation issues in cancer patients. Our proposed decisional support model is patient centred and focuses on patient values, personal philosophy and view of life emphasizing sensitivity to individual patients needs and wishes. Some fertility preservation concerns in oncology might be addressed mirroring already available expertise while some others will call for innovative and region specific solutions. Therefore, in addition to our proposal we also provide a list of organisations working in oncofertility field. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v5i3.21532 Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 2014 Vol.5 (3): 6-17.
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Moosa, M. Y. H., and F. Y. Jeenah. "Provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (PICT) in the mentally ill." South African Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 3 (August 30, 2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v19i3.408.
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<p>The prevalence of HIV infection is substantially higher in mentally ill individuals than in the general population. Despite this, HIV testing is not yet standard practice among the mentally ill population, and many mental health settings do not encourage HIV testing. This paper discusses provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (PICT) and some of the ethical dilemmas associated with it, on the basis that PICT may be used to increase the number of mentally ill persons tested for HIV. The authors conclude that PICT should be promoted to all psychiatric admissions and mentally ill individuals receiving outpatient services, and that this is within the parameters of existing policies and legislations in South Africa.</p>
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Oster, Candice, Adrian Schoo, John Litt, Andrea Morello, Richard Leibbrandt, Christopher Antonello, David Powers, Belinda Lange, Anthony Maeder, and Sharon Lawn. "Supporting workforce practice change: protocol for a pilot study of a motivational interviewing virtual client software tool for health professionals." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (February 2020): e033080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033080.
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IntroductionMotivating behavioural change during client consultations is of crucial importance across all health professions to address the growing burden of chronic conditions. Yet health professionals often lack the skills and confidence to use evidence-based counselling interventions to support clients’ behavioural change and mobilise clients’ resources and self-efficacy for change to address their long-term needs.AimsThis pre–post pilot study will develop a motivational interviewing (MI) virtual client training tool for health professionals and test the effectiveness of the educational content and usability of the virtual client interaction.Methods and analysisPostgraduate students across a range of health disciplines will be recruited. Data assessing attitudes towards preventive healthcare will be collected using a modified version of the Preventive Medicine Attitudes and Activities Questionnaire. Conversations with the virtual client will be analysed using the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity code to assess changes in MI skills. The System Usability Scale will be used to assess the usability of the virtual client training tool.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the Flinders University Social and Behavioural Research Ethics Committee in May 2019. The results of the pilot study will inform the development of an avatar-based mobile application consisting of MI teaching and interactions with a generic virtual client that can be easily adapted to multiple scenarios.
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Gravett, Willem Hendrik. "Pericles Should Learn to Fix a Leaky Pipe – Why Trial Advocacy Should Become Part of the LLB Curriculum (Part 2)." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal 21 (February 1, 2018): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2018/v21i0a2635.
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The inescapable reality is that most law school graduates are headed for professional life. This means that law schools have some accountability for the competence of their graduates, and thus an educational responsibility to offer their students instruction in the basic skills of legal representation. The most obvious and direct gain from the university law school offering more training in the generally neglected applied legal skills of trial advocacy, interviewing, counselling, drafting and negotiation, is the benefit to students in helping them bridge the gap between traditional basic legal education and practice. Although I strongly believe that the LLB curriculum should also include courses in legal writing, negotiation, client counselling, and witness interviewing, I emphasise adding a clinical course in trial advocacy to the LLB curriculum for a number of specific reasons. Trial advocacy consists of a set of skills that transcends the walls of the courtroom. It is difficult to conceive of a practising lawyer who does not, in some way and at some time, utilise the skills of advocacy - fact analysis, legal integration and persuasive speech. Even the technical "forensic skills" of trial advocacy, such as courtroom etiquette and demeanour, learning how to phrase a question to elicit a favourable response, and making an effective oral presentation, transfer readily to a wide range of applications within both the legal and business worlds. In addition to learning how to prepare and present a trial from the opening speech through to the closing argument, in a trial advocacy course students would also learn to apply procedural, substantive and ethical rules of law to prove or defend a cause of action. Moreover, if university law schools fail to contribute to establishing a substantial body of competent trial lawyers, our failure will ultimately take its toll on our system of justice. The quality of courtroom advocacy directly affects the rights of litigants, the costs of litigation, the proper functioning of the justice system, and, ultimately, the quality of justice. Also, traditional law school teaching in legal ethics is necessarily abstract and a-contextual. It can be effective at providing instruction in the law of lawyering, but it is seldom as productive when it comes to examining more subtle questions. The university trial advocacy course is the ideal forum in which to raise ambiguous and textured ethical issues. Ethics problems cannot be avoided or rationalised, because the student trial lawyer must always make a personal decision. In the ethics classroom, it is all too easy to say what lawyers should do. In the simulated courtroom, students have to show what they have chosen to do. I argue that a university trial advocacy course should not be antithetical to the university mission. Thus, students should be given the opportunity to learn not only "how" to conduct a trial, but also "why" their newly acquired skills should be used in a certain way, and "what" effect the use of that skill could have. Through properly constructed case files, assignments and class discussions, students should be able to reflect on issues that go beyond the mere mastery of forensic skills. A university course in trial advocacy must be infused with instruction in evidence, legal ethics, procedure, litigation planning, the encouragement of critical thinking about the litigation and trial process, and the lawyer's role in the adversary system. I also suggest, in concrete terms and by way of example, the outlines of both the theoretical and practical components of a university trial advocacy course that would result in a highly practical course of solid academic content.
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Richardson, Charlotte Lucy, Stephen Chapman, and Simon White. "Virtual patient educational programme to teach counselling to clinical pharmacists: development and proof of concept." BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning 5, no. 3 (June 15, 2018): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000352.
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Pharmacist–patient counselling can benefit patients and optimise care, but appropriate training is required. A virtual patient (VP) tool to teach pharmacists non-vitamin K oral anticoagulant counselling was developed; the VP may be used for continuing professional development. The objective was to develop and show proof of concept of the VP. A cyclic development approach was adopted whereby the client, developers and a steering group informed VP design, content and aesthetic. This included formal and informal evaluation; ethical approval was not required. The VP received varied feedback. Positive feedback concerned the technology and the high-standard of animations. Negative elements concerned international VP use and differences in practice, also technological comments, regarding VP delivery and usability on various electronic devices. The VP was reported to be ‘valuable’ and realistic with high-quality animations. The steering group commented on VP’s clinical appropriateness, cultural relevance and usability. Areas highlighted for improvement were rectified during development, including the incorporation of printable feedback. European considerations concerned differences in culture and practice. The development process successfully developed the VP and the proof of the concept was demonstrated. This will inform future VP development; a large-scale VP evaluation is underway.
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James Kay, Benson M. Nasongo; Bernard Chemwei;. "Evaluating the Influence of Group Guidance and Counseling Services on the Self-Efficacy of Children Living In Orphanages in Bungoma County." Editon Consortium Journal of Psychology, Guidance, and Counseling 1, no. 1 (August 25, 2019): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjpgc.v1i1.86.
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The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of group guidance and counselling services on the self-efficacy of orphaned children living in orphanages in Bungoma County. The researcher adopted the ex-post facto research design. The population of the study was 2132 orphans in the 20 orphanages. 280 of the orphans in all the 20 orphanages were interviewed. One (1) caregiver and one (1) administrator (again per orphanage) were interviewed. Out of a total of 20 Children’s Homes in Bungoma County, the researcher purposively sampled 280 orphans that were interviewed. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data from the respondents who included the orphans, orphanages administrators and caregivers. The self-efficacy scale of 1-4 was converted to between 0-100. The data was prepared, coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Strict ethical considerations were observed during the study. The study established that there was a positive and significant relationship between self-efficacy of orphaned children and group guidance and counselling services. The study‘s recommendations for policy was that the government should come up with policies to guide all the orphanages in Kenya, including the process of guiding and counselling. Recommendations for practice were that group guiding and counselling services should be encouraged in orphanages as they create confidence among orphans. By way of confiding into each other, they realise that they have shared challenges, and this builds their resilience.
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Bremer, Anders, and Lars Sandman. "Futile cardiopulmonary resuscitation for the benefit of others: An ethical analysis." Nursing Ethics 18, no. 4 (July 2011): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733011404339.
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It has been reported as an ethical problem within prehospital emergency care that ambulance professionals administer physiologically futile cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to patients having suffered cardiac arrest to benefit significant others. At the same time it is argued that, under certain circumstances, this is an acceptable moral practice by signalling that everything possible has been done, and enabling the grief of significant others to be properly addressed. Even more general moral reasons have been used to morally legitimize the use of futile CPR: That significant others are a type of patient with medical or care needs that should be addressed, that the interest of significant others should be weighed into what to do and given an equal standing together with patient interests, and that significant others could be benefited by care professionals unless it goes against the explicit wants of the patient. In this article we explore these arguments and argue that the support for providing physiologically futile CPR in the prehospital context fails. Instead, the strategy of ambulance professionals in the case of a sudden death should be to focus on the relevant care needs of the significant others and provide support, arrange for a peaceful environment and administer acute grief counselling at the scene, which might call for a developed competency within this field.
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Wickham, Michelle. "Who's left holding the woman?: Practice issues facing hospital social workers working with women who have infants removed at birth by NSW Department of Community Services." Children Australia 34, no. 4 (2009): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200000857.
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Over the past three years, there has been a significant change in the focus of hospital social work intervention with pregnant women–from supportive counselling relating to motherhood, to systems advocacy within the child protection context.Hospital social workers in this field have frequently been faced with the inevitable conflicting interests of supporting parents and protecting infants. However, the recent changes have thrown up various ethical questions, and issues of integrity and advocacy, in what is a complex area of practice.This paper seeks to examine some of the current practice issues for social workers in this area. By examining the current context and literature, several practice themes will be considered and explored. In examining this issue at both the micro level of current hospital social work practice and the macro level of legislative and systemic issues, several best practice suggestions are considered within the context of the author's current workplace.
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Akinyinka, MR, T. Ashipa, EO Oluwole, O. Odusanya, and W. Alakija. "Career aspirations of a set of new intake students at a Government owned medical school in Lagos, Nigeria." Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ) 2, no. 1 (September 30, 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.38029/bumj.v2i1.1.
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Objective: This study was carried out in order to identify the career aspirations of new intake of medical students in a government-owned school in Lagos Nigeria, the factors influencing their choice of a specialty and reasons behind the choice of a medical career and medical school. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study that made use of a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire to elicit career aspirations of the total population of new intake of medical students in 200 level of study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Health research and Ethics Committee of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 19 was used for data analysis. Results: There was a 95.6% response rate (65/68). Over half of the respondents were in the 20 -29 year age group (53.8%) with a similar proportion of the students being female. A majority of respondents (82.1%) chose to study medicine on account of personal interest or love for the profession and would be willing to continue medical practice after graduation (83.1%). Surgery was the preferred specialty of most respondents (47.3%). The most common motive for choice of specialty was interest in, or love for the specialty (89.1%). Conclusion: Desire for eventual specialization in one of the fields of medicine was evident at the early stages of the training programme. Counselling about medical specialties should therefore commence very early to provide guidance for new intakes.
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Gakunga, Robai, Zipporah Ali, Anne Korir, Asaph Wang’ombe Kinyanjui, Emily Ochieng’, Nancy Gikaara, Florence Maluni, and Sujha Subramanian. "Social determinants and individual health-seeking behaviour among women in Kenya: protocol for a breast cancer cohort feasibility study." BMJ Open 9, no. 1 (January 2019): e023171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023171.
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IntroductionA catastrophic 35% increase in the burden of breast cancer in Kenya has been predicted by 2025. Mitigating this burden is critical, and local research is necessary to generate the evidence to inform policy, public health and medical practice. Most of the knowledge available has been derived from studies in high-income countries that are not directly applicable due to economic, social, cultural and ethnic differences. At the time of writing this paper, we had no knowledge of any longitudinal cohort studies in sub-Saharan Africa of both breast cancer survivors and a matching cohort of women who have never had a diagnosis of cancer. We aim to assess feasibility of cohort studies in Kenya that consider clinical characteristics social determinants and individual health seeking behaviour.Methods and analysisThis study aims to inform best practices for initiating a longitudinal cohort study in Kenya. It is a two-pronged, prospective mixed methods study of women with and without a diagnosis of breast cancer with baseline data collection and one follow-up data collection approximately 3 months later by telephone. Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected concurrently, analysed separately and together to enrich understanding of concepts by triangulation. We aim to include 800 women aged 30–60 years: 400 in the survivorship cohort and 400 in the non-cancer cohort. Two focus group discussions from each cohort will be carried out to enhance understanding of concepts and to guide recommendations.Ethics and disseminationIndependent ethical approval was obtained from Kenyatta National Hospital-University of Nairobi Ethics and Research Committee and the Research Triangle Institute International. Only consenting participants will be enrolled. Counselling support, debriefing discussions and referrals for formal support services will be available for both participants and research assistants. Findings will be disseminated through publications, websites and presentations.
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Roos, Johannes L. "Genetic and family counselling for schizophrenia: Where do we stand now?" South African Journal of Psychiatry 22, no. 1 (May 6, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.831.
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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Recent genetic findings have led to profound changes in genetic and family counselling for schizophrenia patients and their families.</p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The article gives an overview of the present knowledge regarding the genetic and family counselling for schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Literature searches were performed on the MEDLINE database (2011–2015) and African Healthline. A current alert service which provides the most recent literature on the topic on a monthly basis was also used in the study. A clinical case example is presented as is experienced in daily psychiatric practice.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Genetic risk communication has become the responsibility of the multiprofessional treatment team, moving away from specialists in the field. The treatment team provides information on a daily basis regarding risk predictors in the management of schizophrenia, including risk of relapse, suicide and comorbid substance use. Although genetic information is unique and has implications for blood relatives, genetic risk factors only rarely provide information that is inherently different from that provided by other risk predictors commonly used in healthcare. The common variant common disease and rare variant common disease models as contrasting hypothesis of the genetics of schizophrenia are discussed and debated. An example of a family counselled is given and the place of commercial companies that offer directly to the consumer affordable personal DNA testing for psychiatric illness is discussed. Ethical issues without resolution regarding genetic counselling of schizophrenia are debated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Recent genetic findings must lead to profound changes in genetic and family counselling in schizophrenia. Exposed attributable risk has immediate effects on genetic counselling of schizophrenia. Psychiatric risk counselling has thus changed from risk estimates based on family history to estimates based on test results in specific individuals.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>
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Zinkevich, Anna, Sarah Anna Katharina Uthoff, Jens Boenisch, Stefanie Kalén Sachse, Tobias Bernasconi, and Lena Ansmann. "Complex intervention in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) care in Germany: a study protocol of an evaluation study with a controlled mixed-methods design." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e029469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029469.
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IntroductionThe current practice of service delivery in Germany for people with complex communication needs (CCN) who are in need of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is characterised by diverse problems, including a lack of clarity in the responsibilities of the service providers involved. To address these issues a new service delivery model has been put in place, implemented in three AAC counselling centres for patients with a particular health insurance across Germany. The implementation of a new service delivery model aims to improve individualised service delivery. The model goes beyond standard care by adding case management, counselling, AAC training and, if needed, AAC therapy. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this complex intervention.Methods and analysisIn consideration of the complexity of the new service delivery model, formative and summative evaluation will be conducted. The formative evaluation will provide data based on qualitative and quantitative assessments of the competences and perspectives of all involved stakeholders, including a proxy measurement of persons with CCN. The summative evaluation will include a controlled study design as the new service delivery model will be compared against the service delivery in an existing contract and against data gathered from caregivers of AAC users provided with standard care. With the exception of the individual interviews the data will be collected from proxies—that is, informal and formal caregivers.Ethics and disseminationData collection, storage and evaluation meet the currently valid data protection regulations. Consultation by the responsible data protection officer of the Oldenburg Medical School and a positive vote from its Ethics Committee were obtained prior to the start of the study. Dissemination strategies include the presentation of the obtained data and results in the form of publications and at conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00013628.
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Richards, Martin P. M. "Genetic Counselling for those with a Family History of Breast or Ovarian Cancer: Current Practice and Ethical Issues." Acta Oncologica 38, no. 5 (January 1999): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/028418699431131.
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Hoffman, Brian F., Karen Arthurs, Sandy Lunn, Linda Meyers, Jean Trimnell, and Karl Farcnik. "AIDS: Clinical and Ethical Issues on a Psychiatric Unit*." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 9 (December 1989): 847–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378903400901.
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Using a case illustration, this paper describes how AIDS has affected psychiatric practice on an inpatient unit. The clinical, ethical and administrative issues are discussed from a multi-disciplinary perspective. The issues are discussed as 1. clinical issues (diagnostic and management), 2. effects on ward milieu, 3. staff issues, 4. family counselling and discharge planning and 5. administrative issues. It is important for inpatient staff to discuss these issues and develop clinical guidelines and administrative procedures that will help staff provide the highest level of care possible. Because every patient is potentially an HIV carrier, many of the solutions developed around AIDS related concerns should apply to all patients on a psychiatric ward.
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PM, Rafna Rafeek, Roshna P, and Ateendra Jha. "An Evidence based Assessment of Pharmacist’s Intervention on Pregnancy Care Knowledge and Practice among the Study Subjects of Dakshina Kannada." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 7 (August 2, 2021): 420–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210760.
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Pregnancy care consists of prenatal (before birth) and postpartum (after birth) healthcare for expectant mothers. Antenatal / prenatal care can be defined as the care provided by trained health-care professionals to pregnant women and adolescent girls in order to make sure the best health conditions for both mother and baby throughout the pregnancy. The components of ANC include: risk identification, prevention and management of pregnancy-related or concurrent diseases, and health education and health promotion. 1 According to Indian government guidelines, every pregnant should make use of 3 or more antenatal care visits along with 90 or more IFA tablets and 2 or more TT injections. According to joint WHO and MOD meeting report, birth defects account for 7% of all neonatal mortality and 3.3 million under five deaths. The prevalence of birth defects in India is 6-7% which translates to around 1.7 million birth defects annually. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to find out the knowledge level of the subjects on pregnancy care, to educate the community subjects on pregnancy care and to Evaluate Pregnancy Information leaflet on pregnancy care Methodology: A questionnaire-based interview was executed on 100 study subjects in Mangalore region. Study duration was 6 months. Ethical approval was obtained from Ethics Committee of Srinivas Institute of Medical Science and Research Center. The study population included in the study were adults above 18 years of age, who can understand English/Malayalam and belonging to the family with one or more pregnancy either in past, present or to be in future. Data was analyzed with the help of excel 17 and SPSS 20. Result and Discussion: In our study, survey was carried out on 100 subjects of Mangalore region All the study subjects were female. Out of 100 subjects 58 participants were in between 31 years to 50 Years of age while 19 participants were in 18-30 Years age group. The subjects in the present study do not have adequate knowledge regarding antenatal care, folic acid supplementation, TT injection and dietary change, irrespective to their educational level. The study found that 75% of the subjects were not aware of the antenatal care and about 100% were unknown regarding the necessity of antenatal check- up. ANC visit should be an essential part of the antenatal care but our study found that about 13% of the study subjects were not going for check- up. On pharmacist intervention and proper counselling, in our follow up interview we found that unawareness has reduced to 17%, while 84% realized the need for check-up. Conclusion: In our study we found that the respondents do not have adequate knowledge regarding antenatal care, folic acid supplementation, TT injection and dietary change. The age, literacy of the mother significantly influences antenatal care and ANC service utilization. To improve effective utilization of ANC services we need to raise awareness through counselling, improve the quality of ANC service, along with effective monitoring and evaluation. Pharmacist plays a major role in increasing awareness among mothers in pregnancy and further emphasizing the importance of ANC. Keywords: Antenatal care, Knowledge, Awareness.
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Heinrich, Steffen, Christoph Cavazzini, and Bernhard Holle. "DESKK Study - Development and testing of a dementia-specific respite care concept with a mobility and counselling programme: study protocol." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (June 2019): e025932. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025932.
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IntroductionSpecific mobility programmes can delay functional decline in people with dementia (PwD). Family caregivers (FCs) can be relieved from care-related burden by counselling services. Respite care is a short-term inpatient care service (1–8 weeks of stay). Respite care centres (RCCs) can function as support structures for dementia care arrangements through caring-based mobility training of PwD and counselling sessions for their FCs. However, no systematic mobility or counselling programmes exist in this setting in Germany or the rest of the world. The aim of the development and testing of a dementia-specific respite care concept (DESKK) study is the development and testing of an evidence-based mobility and counselling programme for PwD and their FCs that is suitable for the respite care setting.Methods and analysisA pilot-based, quasi-experimental evaluation study will be conducted in a specialised RCC for PwD. To evaluate the acceptance and usability of the development and testing of a DESKK concept, qualitative data will be collected from the RCC staff and FCs via semistandardised interviews. Quantitative data will be collected using instruments to assess effect tendencies of the concept related to mobility (PwD) and burden (FCs). Furthermore, a mixed-methods triangulation approach will be conducted.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol, informed consent and accompanying material given to patients were submitted by the investigator to the Ethical Review Committee of the German Society of Nursing Science. The project was examined and finally approved on 31 January 2017 (Number: 16–27). Prior to obtaining written consent for study participation, information must be given to all of the study participants in verbal and written form. The results of the study will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals. After the concept is finalised, a practice-friendly manual will be developed in which implementation components are described for other RCCs.Trial registration numberNCT03578861
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Brown, Emma J., and Edith M. Simpson. "Comprehensive STD/HIV Prevention Education Targeting US Adolescents: review of an ethical dilemma and proposed ethical framework." Nursing Ethics 7, no. 4 (July 2000): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300000700407.
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Adolescents are increasingly at risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The prolonged latency period, sometimes in excess of five years, and the incubation period of up to 10 years before the manifestation of symptoms, may foster adolescents’ false sense of invincibility and denial as they often do not see the devastating effects of the disease in their peers until they are older. In turn, their practice of safer sex may be hindered and thereby contribute to the escalation of this public health crisis among sexually active adolescents. Prevention-focused recommendations were made in the USA as a result of this crisis. Recommendations were made to: (1) include STD/HIV education in the curricula of grades kindergarten to 12; (2) increase to at least 75% the proportion of primary care and mental health professionals who provide age-appropriate STD/HIV prevention counselling to adolescents; and (3) expand HIV prevention services to include age-appropriate HIV education curricula for students in grades 4-12 in 95% of schools. Yet, in the USA, the provision of school-based comprehensive STD/HIV education has been difficult to achieve owing to certain limitations and, in some instances, legal action. These limitations include: limited student access; restricted content; and the implementation of sporadic and/or brief educational programmes. Given these recommendations and the fact that adolescents are acquiring STDs and HIV infections at increasing rates, and despite the limitations and legal actions, do health care professionals not have an ethical obligation to provide adolescents with comprehensive STD/HIV prevention education? This ethical dilemma will be discussed using the ethical decision-making principles of ‘autonomy’ and ‘beneficence’, and a decision-making model proposed by Thompson and Thompson, and by Chally and Loric.
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Gudbergsen, Henrik, Marius Henriksen, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens, Anders Overgaard, Henning Bliddal, Robin Christensen, Mikael Ploug Boesen, et al. "Effect of liraglutide on body weight and pain in patients with overweight and knee osteoarthritis: protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-centre trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 2019): e024065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024065.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionWith an increasing prevalence of citizens of older age and with overweight, the health issues related to knee osteoarthritis (OA) will intensify. Weight loss is considered a primary management strategy in patients with concomitant overweight and knee OA. However, there are no widely available and feasible methods to sustain weight loss in patients with overweight and knee OA. The present protocol describes a randomised controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide in a 3 mg/day dosing in patients with overweight and knee OA.Methods and analysis150 volunteer adult patients with overweight or obesity and knee OA will participate in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and single-centre trial. The participants will partake in a run-in diet intervention phase (week −8 to 0) including a low calorie diet and dietetic counselling. At week 0, patients will be randomised to either liraglutide 3 mg/day or liraglutide placebo 3 mg/day for 52 weeks as an add-on to dietetic guidance on re-introducing regular foods and a focus on continued motivation to engage in a healthy lifestyle. The co-primary outcomes are changes in body weight and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score pain subscale from week 0 to week 52.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has been approved by the regional ethics committee in the Capital Region of Denmark, the Danish Medicines Agency and the Danish Data Protection Agency. An external monitoring committee (The Good Clinical Practice Unit at Copenhagen University Hospitals) will oversee the trial. The results will be presented at international scientific meetings and through publications in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numbers2015-005163-16,NCT02905864, U1111-1171-4970Based on protocol versionV.6; 30 January 2017, 15:30 hours
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Hypher, Ruth Elizabeth, Anne Elisabeth Brandt, Kari Risnes, Torstein Baade Rø, Eva Skovlund, Stein Andersson, Torun Gangaune Finnanger, and Jan Stubberud. "Paediatric goal management training in patients with acquired brain injury: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 9, no. 8 (August 2019): e029273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029273.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionCompromised integrity of the brain due to paediatric acquired brain injury (pABI) has been associated with cognitive impairment, particularly executive dysfunction, in addition to somatic and emotional symptoms and reduced everyday function. Goal Management Training (GMT) is a cognitive rehabilitation intervention for improving executive function (EF) that has received empirical support in studies of adults with ABI. The purpose of the present study is to determine the efficacy of a recently developed paediatric version of GMT (pGMT) for children and adolescents with ABI and reported executive dysfunction.Methods and analysisThis study protocol describes a parallel randomised controlled trial including allocation concealment and assessor blinding. Eighty survivors after pABI, aged 10–17 years at the time of intervention, will be recruited. Participants will be randomly allocated to either pGMT (n=40) or a psychoeducative control intervention (n=40; paediatric Brain Health Workshop). Both interventions consist of seven group sessions for participants and parents, followed by external cueing and telephone counselling. The study also includes involvement of teachers. Assessments will be performed at baseline, immediately postintervention and at 6 months’ follow-up. Primary outcome measure will be changes in daily life EF as reported by parents (The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function). Secondary outcomes include other assessments of EF (neuropsychological tests and questionnaires). Furthermore, we aim to assess generalisation effects of pGMT on other cognitive functions, as well as emotional, behavioural, adaptive and family function, academic performance, fatigue and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationResults from this study will be disseminated to relevant research, clinical, health service and patient communities through publications in peer-reviewed and popular science journals, in addition to presentations at scientific conferences. The study will be conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration and the Ethical Research Involving Children (ChildWatch International and Unicef). In accordance to Good Clinical Practice our study includes safety and quality monitoring guarantees in compliance with research ethics and safety. The trial will be reported in accordance with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials 2010 statement and Standard Protocol Items for Reporting in Trials recommendations, in addition to being registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The study has been approved by the Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics Norway (2017/772).Trial registration numberNCT03215342.