Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ethics of artificial intelligence

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Ethics of artificial intelligence'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Siau, Keng, and Weiyu Wang. "Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics." Journal of Database Management 31, no. 2 (April 2020): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2020040105.

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Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?
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A, Zapata Flórez. "Cognitive Priority over Ethical Priority in Artificial Intelligence: The Primordial Philosophical Analysis in Artificial Intelligence." Philosophy International Journal 5, no. 4 (October 10, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/phij-16000269.

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The general idea that we have of artificial intelligence (AI) consists of the belief that machines will be able to develop conscious thoughts such as those possessed by human beings, and, as computing advances, such thinking will also advance until intelligence to surpass the human being, with which the advancement of AI represents ethical risks in the future. In reality, such a belief hides a cognitive assumption, which assumes that computational engineering explains human intelligence through the mind-computer metaphor. According to this assumption, technology explains cognition, and philosophy, through ethics, reflects on the impact of said technology. However, in this article, I contradict such an assumption and defend that the philosophy in AI is not reduced to the ethics that is present after the use and impact of AI in the world. I intend to expose that a good ethics of AI is the one that reflects on the appropriate risks facing AI, and for this, philosophy, beforehand, must make a cognitive analysis about the possibilities that computing has to create intelligent machines, namely, whether or not the mindcomputer metaphor makes sense. My thesis consists in defending that the philosophical analysis about AI must be carried out both on a cognitive level and on an ethical level, but that the philosophical priority in the cognitive analysis over the ethical priority, since the ethical risks of AI depend of the possibilities of technology, and only the cognitive approach can account for this.
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R, Rishikesh. "Role of Ethics in Artificial Intelligence." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-5 (August 31, 2018): 1627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd17135.

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K. K, Pragya. "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence(AI)." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (May 11, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem33762.

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In today's research and development, artificial intelligence (AI) ethics are a complex and urgent issue. Concerns about artificial intelligence (AI) systems' possible effects on people, communities, and the larger global environment are raised as these systems are incorporated into more and more facets of society. This study examines the ethical implications of artificial intelligence (AI), looking at topics including privacy, fairness, accountability, transparency, and the possibility of prejudice and discrimination in AI algorithms and decision-making processes. The study endeavours to contribute to the establishment of frameworks and rules that encourage the responsible and ethical use of AI technologies, guaranteeing their conformity with society values and the preservation of human rights, by critically assessing these ethical issues. Keywords:-AI ethics , artificial intelligence, ethics, machine ethics, robotics, challenges.
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Mohadi, Mawloud, and Yasser Tarshany. "Maqasid Al-Shari’ah and the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence." Journal of Contemporary Maqasid Studies 2, no. 2 (July 15, 2023): 79–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.52100/jcms.v2i2.107.

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Technological advancements in the twenty-first century, invigorated by the exponential growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, have ushered in a new era that provides many of us with amenities and comforts that were hitherto unattainable. But behind this progressive rhetoric of neo-liberalism, capitalism, and post modernism, artificial Intelligence development has also sparked an increasingly ambiguous ethical future, especially at the level of privacy, manipulations and others. This article provides a concise analysis of the concept of Maqasid al-Shari’ah and its relevance to AI ethics. This paper attempts to investigate the ethical contemporary challenges posed by the advancement of AI from the perspective of Maqasid-al-Shari’ah and ethic-based approaches. In this study, the qualitative approach was used to clarify the importance of Maqasid Al-Shari’ah and the ethics of artificial intelligence in light of the ongoing contemporary challenges. The article contends that Artificial Intelligence poses weighty ethical challenges related to privacy, manipulation and others which are vital values in Maqasid Al-Shari’ah. The paper concludes that ethical considerations should be incorporated into the development and usage of Artificial Intelligence. The paper paves the way future attempts to analyse alternative ethical paradigms for Artificial intelligence in general, based on a comprehensive Islamic ethic-based approach founded within the context of maqasid which can represent a constructive contribution to the worldwide discourse on the ethics of Artificial Intelligence.
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Tasioulas, John. "Artificial Intelligence, Humanistic Ethics." Daedalus 151, no. 2 (2022): 232–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01912.

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Abstract Ethics is concerned with what it is to live a flourishing life and what it is we morally owe to others. The optimizing mindset prevalent among computer scientists and economists, among other powerful actors, has led to an approach focused on maximizing the fulfilment of human preferences, an approach that has acquired considerable influence in the ethics of AI. But this preference-based utilitarianism is open to serious objections. This essay sketches an alternative, “humanistic” ethics for AI that is sensitive to aspects of human engagement with the ethical often missed by the dominant approach. Three elements of this humanistic approach are outlined: its commitment to a plurality of values, its stress on the importance of the procedures we adopt, not just the outcomes they yield, and the centrality it accords to individual and collective participation in our understanding of human well-being and morality. The essay concludes with thoughts on how the prospect of artificial general intelligence bears on this humanistic outlook.
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Ruban, D. A. "Analytical Review of Conjugation of the Ethical Bases of Artificial Intelligence Implementation and Ecologization in Corporate Governance." Journal of Applied Economic Research 21, no. 2 (2022): 390–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2022.21.2.014.

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In contemporary corporations, managers have to embrace artificial intelligence and to focus on ecologization processes. Modern researchers pay significant attention to various aspects of corporate ethics, including those linked to the two noted challenges (AI ethics and eco-ethics). However, in most cases they are considered separately, whereas the relative behavior norms are actually connected. A new phenomenon can be labeled as AI-eco-ethics. The objective of the present investigation is the analytical reviewing of the conjugation of the ethical basis of artificial intelligence implementation and ecologization in corporate governance. The hypothesis is that previous studies characterize this conjugation sufficiently well. The analytical procedure includes finding articles from international journals dealing with AI-eco-ethics in the bibliographical database "Scopus" and systematizing the ideas from those articles by means of their attribution to common topics. The results indicate the diversity of the previous studies of AI-eco-ethics. The topics are the general questions of AI-eco-ethics, artificial intelligence as a new opportunity for eco-ethics development, the factor of sustainability in AI-eco-ethics, corporate interests in AI-eco-ethics and artificial intelligence as a challenge to eco-ethics. The polarity between the researchers' opinions is expressed sharply, and many of them doubt the positive influences of artificial intelligence on corporate eco-ethics. Reference to the ethic codes of the largest world's corporations implies very limited reflection of AI-ethic norms in them. However, when present, these norms co-occur with eco-ethical prescriptions. The results of the analytical review reveal prospects for the conceptualizing of AI-eco-ethics, which is of theoretical importance. From the practical point of view, the results emphasize the necessity of improving the quality and widening the breadth of managerial education, and also the development of inter-organizational cooperation and communication. The undertaken investigation clearly observes the conjugation of the ethical basis of artificial intelligence implementation and ecologization in corporate governance, although the chosen hypothesis is confirmed only in part.
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Won, Ho-Jun, and Chul-Hyun Lee. "How Gamification-Based Artificial Intelligence Educational Programs Affect Ethical Awareness of Artificial Intelligence among Elementary School Students." Institute for Education and Research Gyeongin National University of Education 43, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25020/je.2023.43.4.29.

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This study investigated the effects of a gamification-based education program centered on Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethical standards on elementary school students’ ethical awareness of AI. Therefore, a 16-session AI ethics educational program was developed based on the ADDIE model according to previous studies on AI ethics education and “human-centered AI ethical standards.” To verify the program’s effectiveness, the program extracted from the “AI ethics (Elementary School) Learning with AI Principles” (Gyeonggi Provincial Office of Education, 2022) was applied to compare between groups and used a student ethics consciousness test tool we developed. The study results obtained through the application and analysis of this program are as follows. We found statistically significant differences in all areas of interest and the need for AI ethics and ethics education. The results of the pre-and post-tests for each AI ethics element showed statistically significant changes in all areas, except for the “responsibility” element. The AI ethics education program developed in this study is expected to contribute to the formation of a proper AI ethics consciousness among elementary school students.
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Rios-Campos, Carlos, Mariuxi Ileana Tejada-Castro, Jessica Del Consuelo Luzuriaga Viteri, Erick Orlando Guerrero Zambrano, Jorge Bautista Núñez, and Flor Elizabeth Obregón Vara. "Ethics of artificial intelligence." South Florida Journal of Development 4, no. 4 (July 10, 2023): 1715–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv4n4-022.

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The general objective of the research was to determine the advances related to the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. The most powerful countries are investing large amounts of economic resources in the development of artificial intelligence. Methodology, in this research, 49 documents have been selected, carried out in the period 2018 - 2023; including: scientific articles, review articles and information from websites of recognized organizations. Results, the ethics of artificial intelligence is supported by various countries. Furthermore, ChatGPT is considered a major threat in the automation of academic document preparation. Conclusions, about the general objective of the research is to determine the advances related to the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, it is important to consider the transparency and risks of applying AI. In addition, consider ethical aspects such as the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence was adopted by UNESCO's General Conference at its 41st session. The European Union (EU) is considering a new legal framework about regulations on the development and use of artificial intelligence. ChatGPT is an AI tool that needs to be carefully evaluated for its impact on education and other human activities. About the first specific objective of the research was to identify the countries that invest the most money in artificial intelligence, there are Japan, Singapore, China, India, Russia, Australia, Unite States of America, and the European Union. About the second specific objective of the research was to determine the risks and requirements of artificial intelligence, the risks are black-box models, privacy violations, bias and discrimination and the requirements are algorithmic transparency, human understandable explanations, privacy-preserving algorithms, data cooperatives, algorithmic fairness.
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Pana, Laura. "Artificial Ethics." International Journal of Technoethics 3, no. 3 (July 2012): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jte.2012070101.

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A new morality is generated in the present scientific and technical environment, and a new ethics is needed, an ethics which may found both individual and social morality, guiding a moral evolution of different cultural fields and which has chances to keep alive the moral culture itself. Pointed out are the scientific, technical, and philosophical premises of artificial ethics. Specifically the status and the role of artificial ethics is described and detailed by selecting ethical decision procedures, norms, principles and values that are suitable to be applied both by human and artificial moral agents. Moral intelligence as a kind of practical intelligence is studied and its role in human and artificial moral conduct is evaluated. A set of ethical values that may be shared and applied by both human and artificial moral agents is presented. Common features of human and artificial moral agents as well as specific properties of artificial moral agents are analyzed. Artificial ethics is presented and integrated in the multi-set of artificial cognition, discovery, activity, organization and evolution forms. Experiments and the results of this article are explored further in the article.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Piloidis, Loukas. "Ethics in Artificial Intelligence : How Relativism is Still Relevant." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41760.

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This essay tries to demarcate and analyse Artificial Intelligence ethics. Going away from the traditional distinction in normative, meta, and applied ethics, a different split is executed, inspired by the three most prominent schools of thought: deontology, consequentialism, and Aristotelian virtue ethics. The reason behind this alternative approach is to connect all three schools back to ancient Greek philosophy. Having proven that the majority of arguments derive from some ancient Greek scholars (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle), a new voice is initiated into the discussion, Protagoras the Sophist. A big advocate of -the later conceived- humanism and relativism, Protagoras is used as a prism to examine a new ethical model that is based on the personalization of agents. In other words, even though theories of objectivity have overflown contemporary discussions of finding a robust ethical model for Artificial Intelligence agents, there is potential in a subjective model, personalised after each and every user.
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Vaseigaran, Ajanth, and Gobi Sripathy. "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296643.

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Healthcare systems play a critical role in ensuring people's health. Establishing accurate diagnoses is a vital element of this process. As sources highlight misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses as a common issue, a solution must be sought. Diagnostic errors are common in the emergency departments, which has been recognized as a stressful work environment. Today's industries are forced to deal with rapidly changing technological advances that result in reshaped systems, products, and services. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of such technologies that can work as a solution to diagnosis issues but comes with technical, ethical and legal challenges. Hence, the thesis intends to investigate how AI can affect the accuracy of diagnosis as well as how its integration in healthcare relates to the technical, ethical and legal aspects. The thesis begins with a literature review, which serves as a theoretical foundation and allows for a conceptual framework to be formed. The conceptual framework is used to select interviewees, which results in 12 interviews with professors, researchers, doctors and politicians. In addition, a survey is conducted to obtain the general public’s opinion on the matter. The findings present that AI is already mature enough to make more accurate diagnoses than doctors as well as release burden from medical practitioners in the form of administrative tasks. One obstacle is the incomplete data available since laws hinder sharing of patient data. Furthermore, the AI algorithms must be fit for all social minorities and not demonstrate racial discrimination. The European AI Alliance was established in 2018 with the aim to keep the technology in check. Similar initiatives can be created on a national- and regional level to maintain some form of control over its proper use.
Sjukvårdssystem utgör en avgörande roll för att säkerställa människors välmående och hälsa. Att fastställa korrekta diagnoser är en viktig del av denna process. Enligt källor är feldiagnoser och uteblivna diagnoser ett vanligt problem och bör därför lösas. Diagnostiska fel är vanligt förekommande på akutmottagningar, vilka karaktäriseras som en stressig arbetsmiljö. Dagens industrier tvingas hantera snabbt föränderliga tekniska framsteg som resulterar i omformade system, produkter och tjänster. Artificiell Intelligens (AI) är en av sådana tekniker som kan fungera som en lösning på diagnosfrågor. Dock kommer den med tekniska, etiska och legala utmaningar. Examensarbetet avser därför att undersöka hur AI kan påverka diagnosens precision samt hur integrationen i vården relaterar till de tekniska, etiska och legala aspekterna. Rapporten inleds med en litteraturstudie, vilket fungerar som en teoretisk grund och bidrar till att skapa ett konceptuellt ramverk. Det konceptuella ramverket används för att välja intervjupersoner, vilket resulterar i 12 intervjuer med professorer, forskare, läkare och politiker. Dessutom genomförs en enkätundersökning för att få allmänhetens åsikt i frågan. Rapportens resultat visar att AI redan är tillräckligt utvecklad för att göra en mer precisionssäker diagnos än en läkare samt kan avlasta läkare i form av administrativa uppgifter. Ett hinder är att den data som finns tillgänglig är ofullständig på grund av lagar som hindrar delning av patientdata. AI-algoritmerna måste dessutom vara lämpliga för alla sociala minoriteter och inte leda till rasdiskriminering. European AI Alliance grundades 2018 med målet att hålla tekniken i schack i förhållande till de etiska och legala aspekterna. Liknande initiativ kan skapas på nationell och regional nivå för att bibehålla någon form av kontroll över dess korrekta användning.
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Alaieri, Fahad. "Ethics in Social Autonomous Robots: Decision-Making, Transparency, and Trust." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37941.

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Autonomous decision-making machines – ranging from autonomous vehicles to chatbots – are already able to make decisions that have ethical consequences. If these machines are eventually deployed on a large scale, members of society will have to be able to trust the decisions that are made by these machines. For these machines to be trustworthy, their decisions must be overseen by socially accepted ethical principles; moreover, these principles and their role in machine decision-making must be transparent and explainable: it must be possible to explain why machine decisions are made and such explanations require that the mechanisms involved for making them are transparent. Furthermore, manufacturing companies have a corporate social responsibility to design such robots in ways that make them not only safe but also trustworthy. Members of society will not trust a robot that works in mysterious, ambiguous, or inexplicable ways, particularly if this robot is required to make decisions based on ethical principles. The current literature on embedding ethics in robots is sparse. This thesis aims to partially fill this gap in order to help different stakeholders (including policy makers, the robot industry, robots designers, and the general public) to understand the many dimensions of machine- executable ethics. To this end, I provide a framework for understanding the relationships among different stakeholders who legislate, create, deploy, and use robots and their reasons for requiring transparency and explanations. This framework aims to provide an account of the relationships between the transparency of the decision-making process in ethical robots, explanations for their behaviour, and the individual and social trust that results. This thesis also presents a model that decomposes the stages of ethical decision-making into their elementary components with a view to enabling stakeholders to allocate the responsibility for such choices. In addition, I propose a model for transparency which demonstrates the importance of and relationships between disclosure, transparency, and explanation which are needed for societies to accept and trust robots. One of the important stakeholders of robotics is the general public and, in addition to providing an analytical framework with which to conceptualize ethical decision-making, this thesis also performs an analysis of opinions drawn from hundreds of written comments posted on public forums concerning the behaviour of socially autonomous robots. This analysis provides insights into the layperson’s responses to machines that make decisions and offers support for policy recommendations that should be considered by regulators in the future. This thesis contributes to the area of ethics and governance of artificial intelligence.
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Samore', Erika <1997&gt. "Ethical implications of Artificial intelligence: cases from Italy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19784.

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Despite public belief, Artificial intelligence technologies are frequently embedded in software and applications. On one hand, they facilitate aspects of the daily life, for example, by using instant translation tools it is possible to communicate with everyone regardless of language barriers, or it is easier to search for a movie on Netflix because they are rearranged based on individual taste through a recommender system. On the other hand, the rise of AI tools is increasing discrimination and hence inequality and people are not even aware of such problems. For instance, fitting candidates for a job position are not called for an interview, because their resume has not been selected by a biased software that is favouring a specific race or gender. After discussing the main findings and ethical implications on the usage of AI presented by the today literature, the aim of the paper is to analyse whether Italian companies developing such technologies are aware of the negative impacts that these technologies have on the final users and what are the steps they take to prevent them.
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Karnouskos, Stamatis. "The Interplay of Law, Robots and Society,in an Artificial Intelligence Era." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150599.

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The rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics will have a profound impacton the society and its laws. Robots, humanoid / anthropomorphic or not, e.g., selfdrivingcars, will have physical presence, take autonomous decisions and interact with allstakeholders in the society. While already some AI robots are available, e.g., self-driving cars,their intelligence is expected to skyrocket in the next decades, and many prominent scientistspredict that they will reach (and potentially surpass) human intelligence. The symbiosiswith robots, may lead to a civilizational change with far reaching effects. In a future society,where robots and humans are in a symbiotic relationship, philosophical, legal and societalquestions on consciousness, citizenship, rights and legal entity of robots are raised such as:Should robots be recognized as a legal entity? How should criminal and civil law deal withtheir decisions? What are the societal implications? etc. This work, starts from the theoreticalviewpoints pertaining law and society, is inspired by intersectional approaches, andutilizes existing literature in order to analyze the interplay of law, robots and society via differentangles such as law, social, economic, gender and ethical perspectives. In addition,a discussion, especially pertaining core elements of law and society provides new insightsand challenges that may emerge. The analysis and discussions presented here make it evidentthat although robots are inexorably integrated, the law systems as well as society arenot prepared for their prevalence. What is clear is that robots and AI will create a new erafor humanity. What that era might be, is still under discussion and not well understood. AsStephenHawking put it “The rise of powerful AI will be either the best or the worst thing everto happen to humanity. We do not yet know which”. Overall one has to consider that law ismeant to be proactive in nature and ideally be in place to prevent problems before they happen,and therefore it is now the time to start a detailed discussion, involving all stakeholders,and derive the necessary policies and frameworks, for the key issues that pertain law, robotsand society. This work makes a contribution towards the multi-faceted aspects that such adiscussion pertains.
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Xu, Guo Dong. "Thoughts on Design Ethics Applied to Kitchen Management System in the Information and Digitization Age." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523633653648084.

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Hugosson, Beatrice, Donna Dinh, and Gabriella Esmerson. "Why you should care: Ethical AI principles in a business setting : A study investigating the relevancy of the Ethical framework for AI in the context of the IT and telecom industry in Sweden." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44236.

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Background: The development of artificial intelligence (AI) is ever increasing, especially in the telecom and IT industry due to its great potential competitive advantage. However, AI is implemented at a fast phase in society with insufficient consideration for the ethical implications. Luckily, different initiatives and organizations are now launching ethical principles to prevent possible negative effects stemming from AI usage. One example is the Ethical Framework for AI by Floridi et al., (2018) who established five ethical principles for sustainable AI with inspiration from bioethics. Moreover, Sweden as a country is taking AI ethics seriously since the government is on a mission to be the world leader in harnessing artificial intelligence. Problem: The research in the field of ethical artificial intelligence is increasing but is still in its infancy where the majority of the academic articles are conceptual papers. Moreover, the few frameworks that exist for responsible AI are not always action-guiding and applicable to all AI applications and contexts. Purpose: This study aims to contribute with empirical evidence within the topic of artificial intelligence ethics and investigate the relevancy of an existing framework, namely the Ethical Framework for AI by Floridi et al., (2018), in the IT and telecom industry in Sweden. Method: A qualitative multiple-case study of ten semi-structured interviews with participants from the companies EVRY and Ericsson. The findings have later been connected to the literature within the field of artificial intelligence and ethics. Results: The most reasonable interpretation from the findings and analysis is that some parts of the framework are relevant, while others are not. Specifically, the principles of autonomy and non- maleficence seem to be applicable, meanwhile justice and explicability appear to only be partially supported by the participants and beneficence is suggested to not be relevant due to several reasons.
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Evans, Katherine. "The Implementation of Ethical Decision Procedures in Autonomous Systems : the Case of the Autonomous Vehicle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL003.

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Les problèmes éthiques liés à l’arrivée de formes d’intelligence artificielles différentes a sollicité beaucoup d’attention aussi bien académique que publique. Cependant, ces inquiétudes se concentrent sur un problème particulier : comment assurer que les décisions prises par les agents artificiels comme des voitures autonomes ne nuisent pas aux êtres humains présents dans leur environnement ? Cette question a incité la création de ceux qui sont communément appelés les agents moraux artificiels dans la littérature, la prise de décision desquels est contrainte par une moralité artificielle : un système de principes normatifs implémenté dans le processus de raisonnement de la machine. A ce jour, la forme que prend cette moralité artificielle relève de deux approches différentes : soit une forme maximalement éthique, qui dépend de l’implémentation stricte des théories morales préexistantes comme la déontologie Kantienne ou l’Utilitarisme, soit une forme minimaliste, qui applique des techniques de l’IA stochastique à l’analyse et agrégation de données portant sur les préférences morales d’une population, afin d’en tirer des principes généraux mobilisés ensuite dans la prise de décision des machines. Prises individuellement, aucune des deux approches n’arrivent à pondérer l’importance des contraintes morales avec la pertinence de l’acceptabilité publique des agents moraux artificiels. Nous proposons une approche alternative à la moralité artificielle, la théorie des valences éthiques, qui s’efforce d’accommoder ce genre de pondération, et nous l’appliquons au cas du véhicule autonome
The ethics of emerging forms of artificial intelligence has become a prolific subject in both academic and public spheres. A great deal of these concerns flow from the need to ensure that these technologies do not cause harm—physical, emotional or otherwise—to the human agents with which they will interact. In the literature, this challenge has been met with the creation of artificial moral agents: embodied or virtual forms of artificial intelligence whose decision procedures are constrained by explicit normative principles, requiring the implementation of what is commonly called artificial morality into these agents. To date, the types of reasoning structures and principles which inform artificial morality have been of two kinds: first, an ethically maximal vision of artificial morality which relies on the strict implementation of traditional moral theories such as Kantian deontology or Utilitarianism, and second, a more minimalist vision which applies stochastic AI techniques to large data sets of human moral preferences so as to illicit or intuit general principles and preferences for the design of artificial morality. Taken individually, each approach is unable to fully answer the challenge of producing inoffensive behavior in artificial moral agents, most especially since both forms are unable to strike a balance between the ideal set of constraints which morality imposes on one hand, and the types of constraints public acceptability imposes, on the other. We provide an alternative approach to the design of artificial morality, the Ethical Valence Theory, whose purpose is to accommodate this balance, and apply this approach to the case of autonomous vehicles
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Dinis, Filipa Alexandra dos Santos Pereira. "Principais dilemas éticos das novas tecnologias de informação : survey teórico exploratório." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19318.

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Mestrado em Gestão de Recursos Humanos
Com o evoluir dos tempos temos assistido a um desenvolvimento tecnológico histórico, cujo avanço propicia a abertura de vários caminhos, a partilha de informação à velocidade da luz, bem como a formação e transformação de novos conceitos. O ritmo célere do progresso tecnológico e científico que se tem feito sentir oferece oportunidades para o futuro, ao mesmo tempo que nos confronta com novas questões e dilemas éticos. O objetivo deste estudo é identificar os dilemas éticos que existem nas novas tecnologias de informação. Para tal foi realizada uma análise acerca da definição de ética e dilemas éticos de acordo com a posição de vários autores e, de seguida, abordou-se as dimensões da técnica, inteligência artificial e Big Data relativamente aos desafios éticos que se colocam hoje em dia nas sociedades modernas. Este estudo é um survey teórico exploratório realizado através do levantamento de uma pesquisa bibliográfica documental, assim como o levantamento de artigos da base de dados Scopus, entre 2016 e 2019. Por fim, comparam-se os dilemas éticos identificados na técnica, inteligência artificial e Big Data.
Over the years we have witnessed an historical technological development, work who leads to the opening of new paths, the sharing of information at the speed of light all around the world, as well as the formation of new concepts. The fast pace of the technological and scientific process that has been felt offers new opportunities for the future, at the same time confronts us with new and challenging and ethical dilemmas. The goal of this study is to understand what are the ethical dilemmas that exist in the new information technologies and, for that, an analysis was made about the definition of ethics and ethical dilemmas, based on the opinion of several authors and, after that the analysis touched on the technique, artificial intelligence and Big Data relative to the ethical challenges that they put on modern day society. The analysis was made through an exploratory theoretical survey through a bibliographical research and the identification of articles from Scopus between 2016 and 2019. The conclusion is made comparing the ethical dilemmas identified in technique, artificial intelligence and Big Data.
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Campano, Erik. "Artificially Intelligent Black Boxes in Emergency Medicine : An Ethical Analysis." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160696.

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Det blir allt vanligare att föreslå att icke-transparant artificiell intelligens, s.k. black boxes, används inom akutmedicinen. I denna uppsats används etisk analys för att härleda sju riktlinjer för utveckling och användning av black boxes i akutmedicin. Analysen är grundad på sju variationer av ett tankeexperiment som involverar en läkare, en black box och en patient med bröstsmärta på en akutavdelning. Grundläggande begrepp, inklusive artificiell intelligens, black boxes, metoder för transparens, akutmedicin och etisk analys behandlas detaljerat. Tre viktiga områden av etisk vikt identifieras: samtycke; kultur, agentskap och privatliv; och skyldigheter. Dessa områden ger upphov till de sju variationerna. För varje variation urskiljs en viktig etisk fråga som identifieras och analyseras. En riktlinje formuleras och dess etiska rimlighet testas utifrån konsekventialistiska och deontologiska metoder. Tillämpningen av riktlinjerna på medicin i allmänhet, och angelägenheten av fortsatt etiska analys av black boxes och artificiell intelligens inom akutmedicin klargörs.
Artificially intelligent black boxes are increasingly being proposed for emergency medicine settings; this paper uses ethical analysis to develop seven practical guidelines for emergency medicine black box creation and use. The analysis is built around seven variations of a thought experiment involving a doctor, a black box, and a patient presenting chest pain in an emergency department. Foundational concepts, including artificial intelligence, black boxes, transparency methods, emergency medicine, and ethical analysis are expanded upon. Three major areas of ethical concern are identified, namely consent; culture, agency, and privacy; and fault. These areas give rise to the seven variations. For each, a key ethical question it illustrates is identified and analyzed. A practical guideline is then stated, and its ethical acceptability tested using consequentialist and deontological approaches. The applicability of the guidelines to medicine more generally, and the urgency of continued ethical analysis of black box artificial intelligence in emergency medicine, are clarified.
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Books on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Stahl, Bernd Carsten, Doris Schroeder, and Rowena Rodrigues. Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17040-9.

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Marino, Domenico, Daniele Cananzi, and Filippo Aragona. Ethics and Artificial Intelligence. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50902-5.

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Lara, Francisco, and Jan Deckers, eds. Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48135-2.

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Hampton, Andrew J., and Jeanine A. DeFalco. The Frontlines of Artificial Intelligence Ethics. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003030928.

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Floridi, Luciano, ed. Ethics, Governance, and Policies in Artificial Intelligence. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81907-1.

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Holmes, Wayne, and Kaśka Porayska-Pomsta. The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Education. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429329067.

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Boddington, Paula. Towards a Code of Ethics for Artificial Intelligence. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60648-4.

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Roy, Kaushik. Artificial Intelligence, Ethics and the Future of Warfare. London: Routledge India, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003421849.

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Farmanbar, Mina, Maria Tzamtzi, Ajit Kumar Verma, and Antorweep Chakravorty, eds. Frontiers of Artificial Intelligence, Ethics, and Multidisciplinary Applications. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-9836-4.

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Mukherjee, Animesh, Juhi Kulshrestha, Abhijnan Chakraborty, and Srijan Kumar, eds. Ethics in Artificial Intelligence: Bias, Fairness and Beyond. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7184-8.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Manjikian, Mary. "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence." In Cybersecurity Ethics, 153–75. 2nd ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003248828-10.

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Hooker, John. "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence." In Taking Ethics Seriously, 211–19. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, [2018]: Productivity Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315097961-14.

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Nyholm, Sven. "Artificial Intelligence, Ethics of." In Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, 1–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6730-0_1093-1.

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Nyholm, Sven. "Artificial Intelligence, Ethics of." In Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, 152–59. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6519-1_1093.

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Ryan, Mark. "Ethics and Artificial Intelligence." In Encyclopedia of Business and Professional Ethics, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23514-1_1261-1.

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Patel, Meghna B., Ronak B. Patel, Satyen M. Parikh, and Jigna Prajapati. "Artificial Intelligence and Ethics." In Ethical Issues in AI for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics, 1–11. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003353751-1.

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Meyers, Arlen, Doreen Rosenstrauch, Utpal Mangla, Atul Gupta, and Costansia Taikwa Masau. "Artificial Intelligence and Ethics." In Health Informatics, 225–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33902-8_16.

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Ryan, Mark. "Ethics and Artificial Intelligence." In Encyclopedia of Business and Professional Ethics, 787–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22767-8_1261.

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Vincenzo Giarmoleo, Francesco, Marta Rocchi, and Ignacio Ferrero. "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence." In Disruptive Digitalisation and Platforms, 57–74. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032617190-6.

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Talukdar, Jyotismita, Thipendra P. Singh, and Basanta Barman. "Ethics of Intelligence." In Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare Industry, 191–202. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3157-6_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Yu, Han, Zhiqi Shen, Chunyan Miao, Cyril Leung, Victor R. Lesser, and Qiang Yang. "Building Ethics into Artificial Intelligence." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/779.

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As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly ubiquitous, the topic of AI governance for ethical decision-making by AI has captured public imagination. Within the AI research community, this topic remains less familiar to many researchers. In this paper, we complement existing surveys, which largely focused on the psychological, social and legal discussions of the topic, with an analysis of recent advances in technical solutions for AI governance. By reviewing publications in leading AI conferences including AAAI, AAMAS, ECAI and IJCAI, we propose a taxonomy which divides the field into four areas: 1) exploring ethical dilemmas; 2) individual ethical decision frameworks; 3) collective ethical decision frameworks; and 4) ethics in human-AI interactions. We highlight the intuitions and key techniques used in each approach, and discuss promising future research directions towards successful integration of ethical AI systems into human societies.
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Chan, Lok, Kenzie Doyle, Duncan McElfresh, Vincent Conitzer, John P. Dickerson, Jana Schaich Borg, and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong. "Artificial Artificial Intelligence." In AIES '20: AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3375627.3375870.

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Chao, Chian-Hsueng. "Ethics Issues in Artificial Intelligence." In 2019 International Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (TAAI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taai48200.2019.8959925.

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Caliskan, Aylin. "Artificial Intelligence, Bias, and Ethics." In Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/799.

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Although ChatGPT attempts to mitigate bias, when instructed to translate the gender-neutral Turkish sentences “O bir doktor. O bir hemşire” to English, the outcome is biased: “He is a doctor. She is a nurse.” In 2016, we have demonstrated that language representations trained via unsupervised learning automatically embed implicit biases documented in social cognition through the statistical regularities in language corpora. Evaluating embedding associations in language, vision, and multi-modal language-vision models reveals that large-scale sociocultural data is a source of implicit human biases regarding gender, race or ethnicity, skin color, ability, age, sexuality, religion, social class, and intersectional associations. The study of gender bias in language, vision, language-vision, and generative AI has highlighted the sexualization of women and girls in AI, while easily accessible generative AI models such as text-to-image generators amplify bias at scale. As AI increasingly automates tasks that determine life’s outcomes and opportunities, the ethics of AI bias has significant implications for human cognition, society, justice, and the future of AI. Thus, it is necessary to advance our understanding of the depth, prevalence, and complexities of bias in AI to mitigate it both in machines and society.
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Xu, Qianwen Ariel, Victor Chang, Nihal Gokaraneni, Meghana Ganatra, Siu Tung Wong, and Jie Li. "Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Applications." In 2022 International Conference on Industrial IoT, Big Data and Supply Chain (IIoTBDSC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiotbdsc57192.2022.00066.

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Piteira, Martinha, Manuela Aparicio, and Carlos J. Costa. "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Challenges." In 2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/cisti.2019.8760826.

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Hegde, Aditya, Vibhav Agarwal, and Shrisha Rao. "Ethics, Prosperity, and Society: Moral Evaluation Using Virtue Ethics and Utilitarianism." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/24.

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Modelling ethics is critical to understanding and analysing social phenomena. However, prior literature either incorporates ethics into agent strategies or uses it for evaluation of agent behaviour. This work proposes a framework that models both, ethical decision making as well as evaluation using virtue ethics and utilitarianism. In an iteration, agents can use either the classical Continuous Prisoner's Dilemma or a new type of interaction called moral interaction, where agents donate or steal from other agents. We introduce moral interactions to model ethical decision making. We also propose a novel agent type, called virtue agent, parametrised by the agent's level of ethics. Virtue agents' decisions are based on moral evaluations of past interactions. Our simulations show that unethical agents make short term gains but are less prosperous in the long run. We find that in societies with positivity bias, unethical agents have high incentive to become ethical. The opposite is true of societies with negativity bias. We also evaluate the ethicality of existing strategies and compare them with those of virtue agents.
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O'Grady, Katherine L., Steven D. Harbour, Ashlie R. Abballe, and Kelly Cohen. "Trust, Ethics, Consciousness, and Artificial Intelligence." In 2022 IEEE/AIAA 41st Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc55683.2022.9925874.

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Winecoff, Amy A., and Elizabeth Anne Watkins. "Artificial Concepts of Artificial Intelligence." In AIES '22: AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3514094.3534138.

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Lunkov, A. S. "The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: From Philosophical Discussions to Technical Standardization." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0001.

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Artificial intelligence today is a rapidly developing branch of science and technology. The implementation of artificial intelligence technology in industry, communications, services and leisure can lead to serious and uncontrollable societal changes. At the same time, the use of artificial intelligence in everyday life, especially, when making decisions, leads to ethical collisions. The article attempts to answer some philosophical questions concerning the problem of decision making and human responsibility in situations caused by the use of the artificial intelligence technology. The current situation is also analyzed in the field of international technical standardization of artificial intelligence ethics and possible directions for its further development.
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Reports on the topic "Ethics of artificial intelligence"

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Baker, James E. Ethics and Artificial Intelligence: A Policymaker's Introduction. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20190022.

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The law plays a vital role in how artificial intelligence can be developed and used in ethical ways. But the law is not enough when it contains gaps due to lack of a federal nexus, interest, or the political will to legislate. And law may be too much if it imposes regulatory rigidity and burdens when flexibility and innovation are required. Sound ethical codes and principles concerning AI can help fill legal gaps. In this paper, CSET Distinguished Fellow James E. Baker offers a primer on the limits and promise of three mechanisms to help shape a regulatory regime that maximizes the benefits of AI and minimizes its potential harms.
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Preece, Rhodri. Ethics and Artificial Intelligence in Investment Management: A Framework for Professionals. CFA Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56227/22.1.15.

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Increasing use of AI in investment management poses new ethical challenges for firms and professionals. This paper examines good ethical practices for the design, development, and deployment of AI in investment processes.
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Langlois, Lyse, Marc-Antoine Dilhac, Jim Dratwa, Thierry Ménissier, Jean-Gabriel Ganascia, Daniel Weinstock, Luc Bégin, and Allison Marchildon. Ethics at the heart of AI. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/wfym6890.

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This document is the result of a collaborative effort involving specialists in ethics, philosophy, computer science and economics. Its goal is to detail and clarify the role ethics should play in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI) by highlighting how this notion can be applied and implemented effectively and successfully. It advocates for an ethic focused on reflexivity and dialogue, and it concerns all those involved in the development of AI, whether directly or indirectly. The document also highlights the practical methodological approach used to construct the Montreal Declaration, and also proposes a number of recommendations. In short, this paper argues for the inclusion of a genuine ethical reflection at all stages of the AI developmental process. It is a call for collaboration between ethicists, developers and members of the industry, to truly put ethics at the heart of AI.
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Ntem, Brian. Artificial Intelligence and Societal Ethical Concerns. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-242.

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Vilalta, Ricardo. A Gentle Introduction to Artificial Intelligence. Instats Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.61700/ws1767apt7i86469.

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This workshop offers a comprehensive overview of AI, hands-on applications, and its relevance in academic research, with discussions on ethical considerations and future trends in AI. The workshop is designed for PhD students, professors, and professional researchers. An official Instats certificate of completion and 2 ECTS equivalent points are provided at the conclusion.
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Kim, Kyungmee, and Boulanin Vincent. Artificial Intelligence for Climate Security: Possibilities and Challenges. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/qdse8934.

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Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI)—largely based on machine learning—offer possibilities for addressing climate-related security risks. AI can, for example, make disaster early-warning systems and long-term climate hazard modelling more efficient, reducing the risk that the impacts of climate change will lead to insecurity and conflict. This SIPRI Policy Report outlines the opportunities that AI presents for managing climate-related security risks. It gives examples of the use of AI in the field and delves into the problems—notably methodological and ethical—associated with the use of AI for climate security. The report concludes with recommendations for policymakers and researchers who are active in the area of climate security or who use AI for sustainability.
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Fang, Mei Lan, Judith Sixsmith, Jacqui Morris, Chris Lim, Morris Altman, Hannah Loret, Rayna Rogowsky, Andrew Sixsmith, Rebecca White, and Taiuani Marquine Raymundo. AgeTech, Ethics and Equity: Towards a Cultural Shift in AgeTech Ethical Responsibility. University of Dundee, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001292.

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Population ageing is a global phenomenon which presents major challenges for the provision of care at home and in the community (ONS, 2018). Challenges include the human and economic costs associated with increasing numbers of older people with poor physical and mental health, loneliness, and isolation challenges (Mihalopoulos et al., 2020). The global ageing population has led to a growth in the development of technology designed to improve the health, well-being, independence, and quality of life of older people across various settings (Fang, 2022). This emerging field, known as “AgeTech,” refers to “the use of advanced technologies such as information and communications technologies (ICT’s), technologies related to e-health, robotics, mobile technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), ambient systems, and pervasive computing to drive technology-based innovation to benefit older adults” (Sixsmith, et al., 2020 p1; see also Pruchno, 2019; Sixsmith, Sixsmith, Fang, and Horst, 2020). AgeTech has the potential to contribute in positive ways to the everyday life and care of older people by improving access to services and social supports, increasing safety and community inclusion; increasing independence and health, as well as reducing the impact of disability and cognitive decline for older people (Sixsmith et al, 2020). At a societal level, AgeTech can provide opportunities for entrepreneurs and businesses (where funding and appropriate models exist) (Akpan, Udoh and Adebisi, 2022), reduce the human and financial cost of care (Mihalopoulos et al., 2020), and support ageing well in the right place (Golant, 2015).
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Mittelsteadt, Matthew. AI Verification: Mechanisms to Ensure AI Arms Control Compliance. Center for Security and Emerging Technology, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51593/20190020.

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The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into military systems raises critical questions of ethics, design and safety. While many states and organizations have called for some form of “AI arms control,” few have discussed the technical details of verifying countries’ compliance with these regulations. This brief offers a starting point, defining the goals of “AI verification” and proposing several mechanisms to support arms inspections and continuous verification.
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Korinek, Anton. Integrating Ethical Values and Economic Value to Steer Progress in Artificial Intelligence. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26130.

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Shaneyfelt, Wendy, John T. Feddema, and Conrad D. James. A Surety Engineering Framework and Process to Address Ethical Legal and Social Issues for Artificial Intelligence. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1561812.

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