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Academic literature on the topic 'Ethiopian Federal Police'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ethiopian Federal Police"
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Gebrewahd, Meressa Tsehaye. "Nation-Building Predicament, Transition Fatigue, and Fear of State Collapse." Afrika Tanulmányok / Hungarian Journal of African Studies 13, no. 5. (2021): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/at.2019.13.5.3.
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Ethiopia, evolved from Tigray, is known by its history of having been an empire (e.g., the Axumite kingdom) and having been independent. The fundamental weakness of the Ethiopian state has been the lack of inclusive national consensus, hampered by national oppression and the dilemma of democratizing a feudal state. The post-1991 TPLF-EPRDF-led Ethiopia has been experimenting with federalist nation-building to address Ethiopia’s historical contradictions: national and class oppression. The 1995 FDRE Constitution established a federal system and subsequently recognized the right of nations to self-determination including secession, self-administration, and local development. The constitution also declared that the Ethiopian nations were the “sovereign owners” of the constitution. However, the coming of Abiy Ahmed to power and his policy reforms based on ‘neo-pan-Ethiopianism’ opened the box of Pandora of secessionist, irredentist, and federalist forces opposing his plan to recentralize the ethnic federation, as it happened similarly in the case of former Yugoslavia. PM Abiy’s reforms have been branded as those of the ‘Mikael Gorbachev of Ethiopia’ for his sweeping campaign against the 27 years of federalist control. The article investigates the nation-building aspirations, transition fatigue, the predicaments of secessionist, federalist, and assimilationist narratives, and the subsequent fear of ‘state collapse’ in the post-2018 crisis in Ethiopia.
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Tronvoll, Kjetil. "Human Rights Violations in Federal Ethiopia: When Ethnic Identity is a Political Stigma." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 15, no. 1 (2008): 49–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/138548708x272528.
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AbstractThe objective of this paper is to probe the critique against Ethiopia regarding human rights violations along ethnic and racial lines recently raised by the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD). The article compares the Ethiopian government's stated policy on human and group rights with reported human rights violations in Ethiopia per ethnic regional-state for the purpose of identifying possible "ethnic" patterns of violations. The findings of this article partly question, from a methodological perspective, the categorical classification of "human rights violations along ethnic and racial lines" as expressed by CERD. Violations may certainly be interpreted within an ethnic framework; however, one should also make allowances for a non-ethnic approach to human rights abuses and view the two perspectives as mutually complimentary.
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Mekonnen, Yibeltal, Charlotte Hanlon, Solomon Emyu, et al. "Using a mentorship model to localise the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK): from South Africa to Ethiopia." BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 5 (2018): e001108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001108.
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The Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopia, recognised the potential of the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) programme to promote integrated, comprehensive and evidence-informed primary care as a means to achieving universal health coverage. Localisation of the PACK guide to become the ‘Ethiopian Primary Health Care Clinical Guidelines’ (PHCG) was spearheaded by a core team of Ethiopian policy and technical experts, mentored by the Knowledge Translation Unit, University of Cape Town. A research collaboration, ASSET (heAlth Systems StrEngThening in sub-Saharan Africa), has brought together policy-makers from the Ministry of Health and health systems researchers from Ethiopia (Addis Ababa University) and overseas partners for the PACK localisation process, and will develop, implement and evaluate health systems strengthening interventions needed for a successful scale-up of the Ethiopian PHCG. Localisation of PACK for Ethiopia included expanding the guide to include a wider range of infectious diseases and an expanded age range (from 5 to 15 years). Early feedback from front-line primary healthcare (PHC) workers is positive: the guide gives them greater confidence and is easy to understand and use. A training cascade has been initiated, with a view to implementing in 400 PHC facilities in phase 1, followed by scale-up to all 3724 health centres in Ethiopia during 2019. Monitoring and evaluation of the Ministry of Health implementation at scale will be complemented by indepth evaluation by ASSET in demonstration districts. Anticipated challenges include availability of essential medications and laboratory investigations and the need for additional training and supervisory support to deliver care for non-communicable diseases and mental health. The strong leadership from the Ministry of Health of Ethiopia combined with a productive collaboration with health systems research partners can help to ensure that Ethiopian PHCG achieves standardisation of clinical practice at the primary care level and quality healthcare for all.
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Assele, Alemayehu Assefa, Yohannes Aberra, and Dawit Diriba. "Trends and Regulatory Challenges of Environmental Institutions: Evidences from Federal and selected Regions of Ethiopia." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/emsd.v8i2.14603.
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The trend of development of environmental institutions in the third world has experienced a considerable lag since 1970s compared to the pace and scale of environmental threats; and mainly challenged by poor autonomy, weak regulatory capacity, and inadequate political support. Ethiopia, being prone to recurrent droughts and environmental maladies, has been grappled with policy responses towards building green and environmentally benign economy. The objective of this study was to explore the trends of institutionalization in environment sector and the challenges that hamper their regulatory performances in Ethiopia. Based on evidences from federal to local levels, the study has indicated that Ethiopia has made its late debut in institutionalization of environmental mandates in early 1990s and introduced three waves of institutional reforms so far. The institutionalization process both at the center and regional levels has got some arduous challenges, most of which were akin to the experiences of other developing countries. However, there were some distinct challenges in Ethiopian context such as sustained influence from agriculture sector coupled with parochialism in mandate allocation, recurrence of droughts that mostly caught the wits of policy makers, and resource laden economic growth which utterly undermined environmental regulations. Therefore, redefining institutional mandates to avoid role conflict, elevating their status and autonomy, and working towards filling the environmental knowledge deficit could be amicable solutions.
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Hailu, Yemserach Legesse. "Language Law and Policy of the Federal Government of Ethiopia: Implications for Fair Trial and the Rights of Non-Amharic Language Speakers Accused." Acta Humana 9, no. 1 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32566/ah.2021.1.4.
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Ethiopia is a multilingual country with a federal form of state structure. The 1995 Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE Constitution) gave equal recognition for all Ethiopian languages, but has chosen Amharic to become the working language of the Federal Government. In order to accommodate the needs of non-Amharic speakers in the provision of public services, the Constitution and other laws such as the Criminal Procedure Code, require the use of interpreters. Particularly in criminal proceedings, non-Amharic speakers are entitled to be assisted with a ‘qualified’ interpreter to meaningfully participate in the cases. In practice, it is observed that accused people who do not speak the working language of the federal government are unable to effectively understand or get prompt and detailed information regarding the nature and effect of the case brought against them. Even if they know the case, they are not able to effectively explain their defences to the court or associated bodies, and thereby defend their rights. This study reveals that non-Amharic speakers are not effectively served according to the legal standards. This problem subsists mainly due to the absence or limited number of interpreters, as well as the use of untrained interpreters. Despite some efforts to address the problem, the federal government has not yet laid down any formal mechanism by which people with limited and/or no Amharic language proficiency are properly served in criminal proceedings both before and during trial. This study proposes the federal government to establish court interpreter training institutions and to standardise court interpretation by allocating the necessary budget; lay down a formal mechanism such as enacting detailed laws and working manuals for assigning interpreters; providing other local languages the status of working language; consulting interpretation technologies and working in collaboration with different stakeholders.
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Kaso, Kemal Abdela, Sukanya Aimimtham, Sukhumvit Saiyasopon, and Weerakul Chaiphar. "Integrated Regional Development Policy Formulation in Ethiopia." Journal of Politics and Law 11, no. 4 (2018): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v11n4p153.
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This research aims (1) to study the practice of an Integrated Regional Development Policy Formulation (IRDPF) in Ethiopia and (2) to explore and identify the challenges of integrated regional development policy formulation in Ethiopia. The research is conducted by collecting data from 20 purposely selected key informants from both the federal and regional government sectors, political parties and community in Ethiopia. Data are collected through in-depth interviews and review of relevant documents, and systematically analyzed using content analysis technique. The results show that the practice of policymaking and IRDPF process in particular is not in line with of the law of land, in which the executive branch, particularly, the Prime Minister and ruling party’s elites are the key actor in the process at both federal and regional levels with limited consultation and participation of other House of Peoples Representatives, federal and regional policy makers, and other stakeholders. The study also identified various political, social, economic and technical challenges that affect sound and effective integrated regional development policy formulation in the country.
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Watson, Elizabeth E. "Making a Living in the Postsocialist Periphery: Struggles between Farmers and Traders in Konso, Ethiopia." Africa 76, no. 1 (2006): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2006.0006.
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AbstractThis article explores the experience of one village in Ethiopia since the overthrow of the Marxist‐Leninist Derg regime in 1991. The new government introduced policies that have much in common with those dominating the international geopolitical scene in the 1990s and 2000s. These include an emphasis on democracy, grassroots participation and, to some extent, market liberalization. I report here on the manifestations of these policy shifts in Gamole village, in the district of Konso, once remote from the political centre in Addis Ababa but now expressing its identity through new federal political structures. Traditional power relations between traders and farmers in Gamole have been transformed since 1991 as the traders have exploited opportunities to extend trade links, obtain land and build regional alliances through participation in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. They have appropriated the discourse of democracy to challenge their traditional position of subordination to the farmers – and this, in turn, has led to conflict. While these changes reflect the postsocialist transition, they can also be seen as part of a continuing process of change brought about by policies of reform in land tenure, the church and the state, introduced during the Derg period. These observations at a local level in Ethiopia provide insights into the experiences of other states in postsocialist transition.
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Magge, Hema, Abiyou Kiflie, Kojo Nimako, et al. "The Ethiopia healthcare quality initiative: design and initial lessons learned." International Journal for Quality in Health Care 31, no. 10 (2019): G180—G186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzz127.
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Abstract Objective To describe the development, implementation and initial outcomes of a national quality improvement (QI) intervention in Ethiopia. Design Retrospective descriptive study of initial prototype phase implementation outcomes. Setting All public facilities in one selected prototype district in each of four agrarian regions. Participants Facility QI teams composed of managers, healthcare workers and health extension workers. Interventions The Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement co-designed a three-pronged approach to accelerate health system improvement nationally, which included developing a national healthcare quality strategy (NHQS); building QI capability at all health system levels and introducing scalable district MNH QI collaboratives across four regions, involving healthcare providers and managers. Outcome measures Implementation outcomes including fidelity, acceptability, adoption and program effectiveness. Results The NHQS was launched in 2016 and governance structures were established at the federal, regional and sub-regional levels to oversee implementation. A total of 212 federal, regional and woreda managers have been trained in context-specific QI methods, and a national FMoH-owned in-service curriculum has been developed. Four prototype improvement collaboratives have been completed with high fidelity and acceptability. About 102 MNH change ideas were tested and a change package was developed with 83 successfully tested ideas. Conclusion The initial successes observed are attributable to the FMoH’s commitment in implementing the initiative, the active engagement of all stakeholders and the district-wide approach utilized. Challenges included weak data systems and security concerns. The second phase—in 26 district-level collaboratives—is now underway.
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Deme, Debela. "Road Traffic Accident in Ethiopia from 2007/08-2017/18." American International Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research 2, no. 2 (2019): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijser.v2i2.90.
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Traffic accident increased periodically in alarming rate and it was a serious problem throughout the globe particularly in developing countries like Ethiopia. This research concerns on Analyzing Road Traffic Accident in Ethiopia from 2007/08-2017/18. The main objective of the study was to investigate the growth rate of road traffic accident, road network coverage and motorized vehicle, and relationship between them in the past elven (11) year. In order to address the required objective the study use secondary data collected from Ethiopia federal police commission, Ethiopia road authority and Ethiopia federal transport authority. Basically, descriptive and inferential statistical analysis approach was used to analyze the data. The finding of the study revealed that; in the past eleven year more than 291577 Road traffic accident, 912956km road network and 681000 motorized vehicles were developed. Due to Road traffic accident Ethiopia loses around 36.3 billion birr (estimated 1.3 billion $ in current exchange rate of 28 birr for 1$) in the past eleven (11) year in Ethiopia. In average annually Ethiopia loses around 0.9% of budget due to traffic accident in the past eleven year. Average annual growth rate of road traffic accident, road network development and motorized vehicle were 9.16%, 10.81% and 13.34% respectively. In Ethiopia in the past eleven (11) years more than 276491 road traffic accidents, 912956km road network and 681000 number of motorized vehicle were newly introduced since 2007/08 in the study period. The variation on road traffic accident, road network coverage in km and motorized vehicle between commencement of study period (2007/08) or Ethiopia millennium (2000E.C) with end of the study period (2017/18) were estimated around 25914, 82414 and 563003 respectively. Finally, the study intend that road traffic accident had no direct or indirect relation with growth of motorized vehicle and road network coverage in Ethiopia. To curb the problem faced due to road traffic accident the government and other stakeholder must careful the issues to minimize road traffic accidents in Ethiopia.
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Sekasi, Jackson, and Mauro Luiz Martens. "Assessing the Contributions of Urban Light Rail Transit to the Sustainable Development of Addis Ababa." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (2021): 5667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105667.
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Many of the existing urban transport infrastructures in developing African cities are challenged by the mobility demands of their ever-increasing population and increased vehicle capacity. To address these transportation challenges, the Federal government of Ethiopia through the Ethiopian Railway Corporation (ERC) constructed and operates the Addis Ababa light rail transit (AA-LRT). Currently, many other African cities are following in action. This study aims to assess the contributions to sustainable development derived from the services of urban light rail in Addis Ababa. Cross-sectional quantitative research by means of a structured questionnaire survey considering key variables of social, economic, and environmental transport sustainability dimensions was conducted in Addis Ababa. Dimension-wise, the collected data was then analysed in order to measure the contributions made by AA-LRT and to identify the relations amongst each considered variable and each sustainability dimension. The findings of the study indicate a high level of perceived contributions of the economic sustainability dimension as compared to social and environmental sustainability. The study suggests an improved consideration of the environmental and social dimension for a holistic approach to transport sustainability of the city.