To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Ethiopië.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethiopië'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Ethiopië.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Abebe, Almaz. "HIV-1 subtype C in Ethiopia genotypic and phenotypic variation /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/82577.
Full text
2
Tadele, Getnet. "Bleak prospects: young men , sexuality and HIV/AIDS in an Ethiopian town." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/78048.
Full text
3
Weisser, Stéphanie. "Etude ethnomusicologique du bagana, lyre d'Ethiopie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211062.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse décrit et analyse les caractéristiques ethnologiques, musicales et acoustiques de la lyre bagana des Amhara d’Ethiopie. L’étude des données ethnologiques montre que le bagana incarne de nombreuses valeurs de la société traditionnelle amhara. Instrument considéré comme un don de Dieu et qui fut joué par des rois, le bagana est sacré. C’est un instrument intime, dont le jeu (toujours en solo ou accompagné seulement de la voix) est considéré comme un acte de prière ou une méditation à caractère religieux. Le musicien ne se donne pas à voir, ni par une dimension spectaculaire de sa performance, ni par une dimension phatique.L’analyse des accords utilisés dans le répertoire du bagana montre que cet instrument est essentiellement accordé selon deux échelles modales pentatoniques, tezeta et anchihoye. L’organisation temporelle des chants de bagana est fondée sur des pulsations discrètes très rapides. La pulsation apparente se compose d’un multiple de cette pulsation discrète qui change en fonction du motif joué, ce qui crée une sensation de rythme libre ou de rubato. Les chants de bagana sont fondés au niveau mélodique sur des unités qui se composent de paires de notes.
L’analyse musicale du répertoire du bagana montre que celui-ci est fondé sur la répétition variée d’un ostinato musical assez court couplé à des paroles qui changent sans se répéter (à l’exception du refrain) selon les lois de la poésie amharique orale traditionnelle. Les procédés de variations mis en œuvre sont en général assez subtils car ils doivent préserver la sensation de répétition tout en apportant des éléments nouveaux.
L’étude des propriétés acoustiques du bagana permet de déterminer que celle-ci produit des sons très graves (jusqu’au sol 1). Le dispositif chevalet large-obstacles modifie tous les paramètres du son. L’analyse de la facture traditionnelle montre que l’instrument est conçu pour produire un son grésillant, long et intense sans avoir recours à une caisse de résonance volumineuse.
Le bagana est un instrument puissant, qui permet l’établissement d’une relation directe avec des entités surnaturelles via une transe légère. La voix et l’instrument sont dans un rapport de fusion et de renforcement mutuel. Les modes phonatoires utilisés sont « breathy » et « harsh ». La présence de la voix agit comme un guide perceptif, qui intervertit le rapport fond-forme dans la perception de l’instrument.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
4
Gerzher-Alemayo, Selam. "“Development from Abroad:” Ethiopian Migrants and Community-level Educational Development in Ethiopia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1273168978.
Full text
5
Masomelele, Mviko. "Analysis of models of development in Ethiopia on ADLI policy after Ethio-Eritrean war of 1998-2000." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1014623.
Full textAbstract:
In this research, the researcher is analysing the models of development in Ethiopia on ADLI policy after the Ethio-Eritrean War of 1998-2000. As a post- conflict country it is always important to know how a country reconstructs its economy after the war. The researcher will give a brief background of Ethiopia with her different regime changes. Ethiopia is a landlocked country and is found in the Horn of Africa. Her boarders are Eritrea on the north and north east, and Djibouti and Somalia on the East, Kenya on the south, on the west and south west by Sudan. (BCC) Ethiopia has been under three remarkably different political regimes; the feudal imperial era under Emperor Haile Selassie; the socialist military dictatorship of Colonel Mangistu’s Derg; and the marketoriented Western aligned democracy of Prime Minister Meles Zenawi.(Devereux et al,2005:121 ) Each regime had applied different policies on agriculture which employs 80 percent of the population. Feudal policies where the land was in the hands of the landlords failed during Selassie’s regime and this was proved by the famine of 1974. He was overthrown by Derg in a coup in 1974. Derg introduced a “radical agrarian transformation based on land redistribution. His policies on agriculture were based on the Marxist egalitarian ideology and by conviction that feudal relations in agriculture had exposed millions of highland Ethiopians to intolerable levels of poverty and vulnerability.” (Devereux et al, 2005:121-122). According to Derg’s agricultural policy land was confiscated from the landlords and was redistributed to the rural farmers and it was trying to break inequalities over land control and it aimed at achieving agricultural productivity and rural incomes. Derg’s regime was overthrown by Ethiopian Peoples’ Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) in 1991. EPRDF further continued with land redistribution in the wake of 1990s and it gave farmlands to demobilised soldiers and tried to correct the inequalities that emerged with time as farming families were growing. (Devereux et al, 2005:122) In all these regimes, land was owned by the state. Ethiopian economy is based on agriculture which contributes 47 percent to GNP and more than 80 percent of exports, and employs 85 percent of the population. Ethiopia’s agriculture is plagued by periodic droughts, soil degradation emanating from poor agricultural practices and overgrazing, deforestation, high population density, underdeveloped water resources and poor transport infrastructure which makes extremely difficult and expensive to get goods to the market. (BCC, 07) The EPRDF came up with the new agricultural policy in the beginning of 1991 and it was known as Agriculture Development Led Industrialisation (ADLI). ADLI is the policy that emphasised on modernising smallholder agriculture and intensifying yield productivity through the supply of appropriate technology, certified seeds, fertilizers, rural credit facilities and technical assistance. (Getachew, 2003:9) This policy introduced some reforms in agriculture as it introduced a nationwide agricultural extension program, the propagation of laws that liberalised the purchasing and distribution of inputs and to increase and to make credit facilities available to rural farmers. In 1995 Minister of Agriculture (MoA) introduced a vehicle to drive the policy, which was called the Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (PADETES). The PADETES started with 32047 farmers on board. The aim was to educate farmers in new farming methods which will increase productivity and make farmers self sufficient. Agriculture Sample Survey 2009/10 states that ‘country’s experience showed that farmers’ attitude and tendency to adapt and accept new innovations, modern agricultural techniques and technologies, such as use of fertilizers, irrigation, improved seeds and pesticides that help to improve their living standards through attaining enhanced productivity, do have positive impact on the development on the agricultural sector as a whole.’(Central Statistical Agency, 2010: i) Teshome (2006:1) shows complexity of Ethiopian agriculture when he says that it largest contributor to the GDP, exports and foreign earnings and it employs almost 85 percent of the population. On the contrary, despite its socio-economic importance its performance continues to be low due to many natural and manmade factors which will be discussed in this research.
6
Abiche, Tefera Talore. "Community development initiatives and poverty reduction: the role of the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
Ethiopia is a country well endowed with a number of development related NGOs who have been involved in socio-economic development at national, regional and grassroots level. In a country like Ethiopia, where natural and man-made hazards persist, NGOs play a crucial role in terms of reducing poverty and other human sufferings. As one of the non-governmental organizations, the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church Development Program (EKHCDP) has played an important role in supporting and encouraging the development aspirations of local communities in the areas of environmental rehabilitation, water and sanitation, agriculture, health, education, credit and saving schemes.The study focused on the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church community development program in five selected project areas, namely Lambuda, Durame, Shashamane, Debraziet and Nazret. The analysis subsequently examined the nature and extent of community participation in the project planning, implementation and decision-making phases. Thereafter, the study brought into focus general observations gleaned from the investigation and provides recommendation to the EKHC and other stakeholders that have been involved in development activities.
Quantitative and qualitative methods of research have been applied throughout the investigation. Accordingly, observation, in depth interviews, focus group discussions and structured and semi-structured questionnaires were used to gather information. The qualitative mode was employed to gather socially dynamic information on issues relating to beneficiaries&rsquo
perceptions of processes in order to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics at play. On the other hand, the quantitative mode was used to test variables related to the research problem.
The findings indicate that the Ethiopian Kale Heywot Church development program has played a significant role in terms of community development. Moreover, its development approach is responsive to local needs and able to mobilize local and external resources to support the poor, so that through empowerment and participation they will be released from the deprivation trap that they find themselves in. The study also indicates that the EKHCDP has good linkages and networks with other communities and partners. However, the study indicated that the intensity of community participation in decision-making is still low in certain cases. Meanwhile, the beneficiaries did not show a clear understanding of aspects such as project ownership. Finally, this study recommends that genuine community participation should be maintained because it is the core activity contributing to beneficiary empowerment and grassroots institutional capacity building and an essential ingredient for self-reliance and project sustainability.
7
Vaughan, Sarah. "Ethnicity and power in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/605.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores why ethnicity was introduced as the basis for the reconstitution of the Ethiopian state in 1991, examining the politicisation of ethnic identity before and after the federation of the country’s ‘nations, nationalities and peoples’ was instituted. The establishment of the modern Ethiopian empire state in the nineteenth century, and the processes of centralisation and bureaucratisation which consolidated it in the mid twentieth, provide a backdrop to an emerging concern with ‘regionalism’ amongst political circles in the 1960s and 1970s. Ethnicity operated as both resource and product of the mobilisation by which the major movements of armed opposition to the military regime of the 1970s and 1980s, later the architects of ethnic federalism, sought control of the state. Under federalism through the 1990s, political representation and territorial administration were reorganised in terms of ethnicity. A stratum of the local elite of each ethnic group was encouraged to form an ethnic organisation as a platform for executive office. Meanwhile ethnic groups and their elites responded to these new circumstances in unanticipated but calculative ways, often radically reviewing and reconstructing not only their sense of collective interest, but also the very ethnic collectives that would best serve those newlyperceived interests. The architects of ethnic federalism are influenced by a Marxist formulation of the ‘National Question’ which incorporates contradictory elements inherent in the notion of ‘granting self-determination’: the conviction that self-selected communities respond better to mobilisation ‘from within’, in their own language, by their own people; and the notion that ethnic groups are susceptible to identification, definition, and prescription ‘from above’, by a vanguard party applying a checklist of externally verifiable criteria. These two sets of assumptions correlate with tenets of instrumentalism and primordialism respectively, which are, as they stand, equally irreconcilable. An investigation of theoretical approaches to ethnicity and collective action suggests that many conflate the ‘real world’ and ‘socially constructed’ referents of the ethnic profile of an individual (the constituents of the individual state of being an ethnic x), with the fully constructed collective accomplishment which creates members of an ethnic group (conferring the social status of being an ethnic x, of which those referents are markers). Differentiating the two, and exploring the recursive relationship between them, by means of a consideration of calculative action within the framework of actors’ categories (emerging from emic knowledge systems) and shared social institutions (premised, whether their referents are ‘natural’ ‘social’ or ‘artificial’, on collective processes of ‘knowledge construction’), may improve analysis of the causes and operation of collective action associated with ethnicity and ethno-nationalism. Ethnic federalism in Ethiopia offered the prospect of a shift away from the ‘high modernism’ of that state’s past projects to ‘develop’ its people, apparently in favour of the collective perspectives of groups of its citizens. The coercive and developmental imperatives of the state that guided its implementation, however, have militated against the substantive incorporation of locally determined social institutions and knowledge.
8
Malara, Diego Maria. "The geometry of blessing : embodiment, relatedness, and exorcism amongst Ethiopian Orthodox Christians in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25841.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is about kinship, neighbourliness, sainthood, fasting and exorcism among Orthodox Christians in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The uncertainties of providing for oneself and one’s family in the city make people deeply reliant on neighbours, kin, and religious networks in order to survive. But these dependencies are also sources of vulnerability—to the demands of close others and the harm they can inflict, but also, increasingly, to demonic possession. A recent surge in public exorcisms testifies to a broad sense of spiritual threat, as well as a perceived need to re-entrench the power and authority of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC) at a time when the effects of religious pluralism and modernization policies pose a particular challenge. In this thesis, I document the ways in which Orthodox Christians are working to re-situate and reframe their relationships with the EOC in their daily lives. I argue that these efforts are inherently relational, based on the sharing of blessing through substances such as holy water, and on various labours of devotion performed for others or on their behalf. Through fine-grained ethnography, this study finds kinship and other local networks, rather than institutional practices or large-scale rituals, to be the basis of religious action in the city. I show how ordinary people, faced with the contradictions between religious imperatives and the material necessities of life, seek blessing for themselves, their neighbours, and their kin, from powerful human and non-human intercessors and, in turn, how they become intercessors for others. I pay particular attention to the bodily and affective dimensions of these practices: how people fast together and for one another; how they circulate and consume holy water; and how they subject themselves to violent exorcistic interventions. For Orthodox Christians in Addis Ababa, these bodily practices constitute key methods for acting on the flesh, and thereby engaging with the basic problem of the fallen nature of humanity—which is felt to be particularly pressing in contemporary urban conditions. By taking such perspectives, my thesis aims to contribute to discussions of Christian embodiment, personhood, and subject-formation with a detailed study of the networks and relationships by which people build an intersubjective and interdependent ethics of daily life—an ethics, that is, which contrasts with the discourses of individual self-fashioning that have informed many recent studies of Christianity and piety in other world religions.
9
Johnson, Edwin Hamilton. "Patronage and the theological integrity of Ethiopian Orthodox sacred paintings in present day Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13152/.
Full text
10
Ashenafi, Abate. "The Framing of the 2005 Ethiopian National Election by Privately Owned Print Media Outlets in Ethiopia." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-20223.
Full text
11
Lindqvist, Joseph. "Lord of the Nile : Explaining how the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam has affected Ethiopian Foreign Relations." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104183.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this essay is to examine how the foreign relationships of Ethiopia has developed as a result of the construction and filling of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam between 2011 and 2021. This essay therefore asks: How has Ethiopia’s foreign relations with the EU, Egypt, Sudan and China changed, have those relationships become more conflictual or cooperative, and how could potential changes be explained using a constructivist perspective? Constructivism is used as a means of explaining changes in the statements, positions and policies of these countries through concepts such as “norms” and “identities”. It additionally utilizes concepts from other studies such as “Hydro-hegemony”, “Benefit Sharing” and “Ethiopian renaissance”. It uses the BAR-scale from Wolf et al. (2003) to determine the different stages of Ethiopia’s relationships. The study concludes that Ethiopia’s relationship with the EU and China have progressed positively as a result of the GERD, and they have now started considering Ethiopia a more equitable partner for further cooperation. The relationship with Egypt and Sudan initially improved, with new Ethiopian norms of cooperation and equitable utilization becoming mainstay. However, Ethiopia’s unilateral action during recent events broke these norms, and has turned the relations conflictual once again.
12
Berhanusdotter, Hanna. "Legitimizing the GERD* bond : Funding Development from within." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-24333.
Full textAbstract:
A Government is an entity of a society exercising authority over its subjects, preferably with their compliance. It is however not always agreed by the citizens that the government is acting in their interest, this making the relation in-between them lacking in legitimacy. This presents problems not only for the stability of a country, but for the expansion of financial markets, limiting the sources of finding finance to invest in development and infrastructure as it limits financing from within. In this paper I look at Ethiopia where the government is perceived to have a generally low legitimacy, in 2010 they lunched the GERD* bond to finance a hydropower station on the Blue Nile. Ethiopia has a small economy thus the government asked its citizens to purchase savings bonds into the project, as international financing was not an option due to geopolitics. As the GERD is a €3.3 billion project many Ethiopians have inverted one full month salary. The question addressed in this paper it that of the willingness in entering in to this scheme, this due to legitimacy concerns within the country. More precisely the research question is formulated: is there a justifiable concern of legitimacy when rapidly intensifying a bond market in a developing country in which freedom is limited? To address this field interviews was conducted in Addis Ababa and analysed via Weber’s three types of pure authority this to indicate the correlation of legitimacy dominations in-between the government and the investors. It is found that the GERD has common legitimacy dominations by both actors and as such the expansion of the bond market through the GERD has the preconditions to increase the trust level in the Ethiopian government. This is needed to increase legitimacy in the government, stabilize the country and expand the financial markets further.
13
Leta, Gerba [Verfasser]. "The Ethiopian Agricultural Extension System and Its Role as Development Actor : Cases from Southwestern Ethiopia / Gerba Leta." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1167925998/34.
Full text
14
Hansson, Ebba. "Characterizing Subsurface Structure of Two Contrasting Sites in the Main Ethiopian Rift." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396851.
Full textAbstract:
The Main Ethiopian Rift is a part of the East African Rift, from where the African plate is being teared apart and separated from the Indian and the Arabian plate. Even though earthquakes in this area are relatively less frequent, the subsurface structure is a subject of big research interest, since information about the subsurface layers has considerable relevance when it comes to site amplication related to earthquakes. The aim of this project is to map and compare the subsurface structures of two sites located in the Ethiopian Rift, using seismic refraction technique. By looking at the first arrivals of artificial seismic waves on a designated site, the velocities as well as the thicknessof the subsurface layers can be obtained. The result showed that the both sites contained a low velocity structure which contained weathered material.
15
Emirru, Tesfa Bihonegn. "Multinational Federalism and secessionism in Ethiopia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2298.
Full textAbstract:
After a protracted civil war that ended in a regime change in 1991, the state of Ethiopia adopted multinational federalism as a means of managing its ethno-linguistic diversity. The federalization process which had begun following the military triumph of the EPRDF in May 1991 culminated with the inauguration of the country as the “Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia” in August 1995. Consequently, Ethiopia has become a multinational federation (or “ethnic federalism” as it is usually referred to) comprised of nine regional states and two autonomous city-administrations. Under the new federal order, constituent groups are made to exercise different forms of self-rule in territories they are concentrated. In doing so, the state of Ethiopia has introduced a new approach to the ubiquitous problem of ethnicity in Africa. Despite the prevalence of the problem of ethnicity in the continent, often in its violent form, no other African state has dared to approach the “ethnic challenge” as boldly and squarely as the state of Ethiopia has done under the leadership of the EPRDF. In fact, Ethiopia is currently the only multinational federation in the African continent.
However, the new federal order in Ethiopia has been criticized for increasing authoritarianism. Thus, despite a constitutional guarantee of groups not only to self-determination but also to secession, the actual practice of federalism in Ethiopia has been hampered by the hegemony of the ruling coalition both at federal and regional governments. On the contrary, “ethnic federalism” is criticized for emphasizing ethnic differences and putting the survival and territorial integrity of the country apprehensively in danger. On the other hand, after two decades of authoritarian federalism, the Ethiopian federation is currently undergoing a series of unprecedented political reforms. The reforms were preceded or rather caused by mass anti-government protests that have lasted for almost two years between 2015 and 2017, and engulfed the two most populous regions in the federation ─ Oromia and Amhara regions. On 15 February 2018, Prime Minister Haile-Mariam Desalegn resigned and on 2 April a new prime minister, Abiy Ahmed, was elected. Under Prime Minster Abiy Ahmed, the Ethiopian federation is undergoing a series of political reforms and democratic undertakings. At the same time, however, the Ethiopian federation is also in the midst of a political crisis as a result of, for instance, renewed ethnic and regional conflicts, increasing displacement of people, and internal dispute within the ruling coalition.
This research examines multinational federalism and secessionism in two of the nine member states in the Ethiopian federation ─ Oromia and Somali regions. It investigates (1) the features and limitations of the actual exercise of federal autonomy in Oromia and Somali regions under an authoritarian political system (1995-2015); (2) the trajectories of the OLF and ONLF armed movements for the secession of respectively Oromia and Somali regions following the introduction of multinational federalism (1995-2015); and (3) the mass antigovernment protests that have disrupted the Ethiopian federation between 2015 and 2017 and subsequent developments relevant to issues of federalism and secessionism in Oromia and Somali regions. The study was first designed to be based on both documentary sources and interviews. However, the outbreak of protests and the states of emergency subsequently declared in the country have made the collection of data through interviews difficult and risky as well. Consequently, the plan to conduct interviews with government officials, opposition leaders and members of civil society organizations in Oromia and Somali regions is dropped. Thus, the data used in the study are entirely derived from different documentary sources.
The study uncovers that the exercise of federal autonomy in Oromia and Somali regions, which are associated with active secessionist movements, shared remarkable similarities including frequent changes in regional governments, widespread human rights violations, and resentments over limited influences at the federal government. On the other hand, the study identifies a crisis of legitimacy as the major factor behind the limitations of multinational federalism in successfully addressing Oromo nationalism in Ethiopia. Doing so, the study explains the problems of legitimacy which the OPDO, the Oromo wing of the ruling coalition, and the federal order have encountered in Oromia. As far as the Somali region is concerned, the study discusses how the exercise of federal autonomy has been hampered by internal conflicts within the Somali society, and the need for the ruling coalition to have an allied, subordinate party capable of governing the region. In addition, the study demonstrates how internal power struggle and ongoing insurgency by the ONLF have led to widespread federal intervention in Somali regional politics, particularly through the agency of the Ministry of Federal Affairs and the federal army.
As far as secessionist movements in Oromia and Somali regions are concerned, the study shows that it is only the ONLF which was able to pose serious military challenges to the Ethiopian government. The OLF, despite its popularity particularly among the intelligentsia and the diaspora, has never posed significant military threats. In this regard, the study shows the role which regional politics has played in the military decline of the ONLF (since 2010) and the ever-present military weakness of the OLF. Though the introduction of multinational federalism in Ethiopia has little to do with the military decline or weakness of secessionist movements, the study shows that the provision of constitutional autonomy to the Oromo and the Somali has contributed towards the political decline of both the OLF and the ONLF. Lastly, the study shows the recent convergence of mass anti-government protests in Oromia and Amhara regions with internal friction among member parties of the ruling coalition and the subsequent rise to power of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed in April 2018, which has led to the return of both the OLF and the ONLF to pursue peaceful political struggle in the country.
16
Borji, Tadesse Tufa. "Sedimentation and Sustainability of Hydropower Reservoirs: Cases of Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Blue Nile River in Ethiopia." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for vann- og miljøteknikk, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23593.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Sediment accumulation in a reservoir is a serious problem that threatens sustainability of the reservoir and has severe consequence on reservoir productivity during its operation time. In order to predict the reservoir sediment deposition pattern, evaluate its consequences on the reservoir yield and identify appropriate reservoir sediment management strategy, accurate quantification of long term average sediment yield is needed. The accuracy of sediment yield estimate depends on availability of good quality suspended and bed load data for period long enough to account for temporal variability, which however is very limited in the Blue Nile Basin. Thus there should be a means to estimate the sediment yield based on the very limited data. In this study sediment rating curve developed based on available data was used to generate longer sediment concentration data from the discharge history in order to quantify sediment yield at different locations (Kessie, Burie and Tato) in the basin. Sediment yield estimated based on rating curve was compared with sediment yield estimated based on data obtained from secondary sources (bathymetric survey data of Roserires reservoir and average sediment concentration at El-Deim) and delivery ratio. Comparisons of various scenarios were made to finally estimate total sediment load of 245 million t/year at GERD. Deposition pattern of sediment entering the GERD reservoir was predicted based on Empirical Area Reduction method. The sediment deposit depth in the reservoir increases gradually and fills up the storage below the minimum water level which defines the life of the reservoir. According to the Empirical Area Reduction method, the GERD reservoir will have life of 116 years for the estimated annual sediment load of 245 million tonnes, trap efficiency of 100% and average deposit density 1.12 t/m3. The reservoir storage capacity will be lost at an average rate of 0.3 % per year. Consequences of storage capacity loss on production capacity were evaluated where the average annual energy loss due to active storage loss amounts 27 GWh. The estimated present value of economic loss indicates that the total economic values forgone due to the live storage loss was found to vary between 0.26% and 0.06% of the original dam cost, 4.33 billion USD when the discount rate varied between 5% and 13% respectively. Various reservoir sediment management strategies were evaluated with the catchment area, environmental and social considerations, reservoir capacity to inflow ratio and total sediment load as governing parameters. According to the preliminary assessment and further evaluation of management strategies using RESCON model dredging was found appropriate for the GERD reservoir. Based on the RESCON model estimates, 20 dredges capable of removing 11 million m3 per year each have to be installed in order to keep the reservoir sustainable.
17
Haile, Markus. "Ethiopia´s Armenians – a lost Diaspora? : A study of the role of identity in the Armenian diaspora." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Socialantropologiska institutionen, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-180264.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to delve into the role of identity, an identity that is constantly in change in an every-changing national context. In this text I have studied the Armenian community of Ethiopia. A community that was once very strong and influential, a community that has made a considerable impact on the Ethiopian society over the years. This is a community that takes great pride in themselves, yet, at the same time has integrated into whichever society that they have settled into. The Ethio-Armenian community has maintained their core identity and at the same time absorbed the host society's customs and cultures. They are a unique community where most refer to themselves as 100% Armenian and at the same time 100% Ethiopian. This study explores a community that not too many people are aware of in a third world country.
18
Gari, Jimolu Getachewl. "Etude épidémiologique de la dermatose nodulaire contagieuse bovine en Ethiopie et évaluation de son impact économique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0020/document.
Full textAbstract:
La dermatose nodulaire contagieuse (DNC) est une des maladies virales les plus importantes économiquement chez les bovins en Ethiopie. Elle est causée par le virus LSD (Lympy skin disease virus) appartenant au groupe des Capripoxvirus. L'objectif de cette thèse est de mieux comprendre l'épidémiologie de cette maladie afin de proposer des méthodes de contrôle et de prévention efficaces et applicables sur le terrain. Cette thèse est construite en cinq chapitres. Le premier chapitre fait une description générale du système de production agricole en Ethiopie et présente nos connaissances actuelles sur ce virus et cette maladie. Le second chapitre est consacré à l'évaluation d'un test d'immunofluorescence indirecte (IFI) pour le diagnostic sérologique à l'aide de méthodes sans gold standard. Le test de séroneutralisation virale a été utilisé comme second test de comparaison. L'analyse à l'aide d'un modèle bayesien a montré que l'IFI présentait une bonne sensibilité (92%) et une bonne spécificité (88%) ce qui suggère que ce test peut être utilisé pour le diagnostic et le dépistage de masse de la Dermatose Nodulaire Contagieuse avec une relativement faible proportion d'erreurs. La possibilité de tester un grand nombre de sérums en IFI est un autre avantage de cette technique pour conduire des études épidémiologiques de grande envergure. La sensibilité et la spécificité de la séroneutralisation virale (SNV) étaient respectivement de 78% et de 97%. En conséquence, le test IFI sera préféré pour un dépistage de masse en raison de sa meilleure sensibilité tandis que le test SNV sera réservé à la confirmation. Une étude épidémiologique transversale a été menée pour estimer la prévalence de la Dermatose Nodulaire Contagieuse Bovine à l'échelle du troupeau et de l'individu et pour définir les facteurs de risque associés à cette maladie dans le contexte particulier de l'Ethiopie. C'est l'objet de la troisième partie de cette thèse. Un total de 330 questionnaires d'enquêtes a été collecté de 44 associations paysannes situées dans 15 districts. La prévalence moyenne de la DNC à l'échelle du troupeau était de 42,8% (IC à 95% : 37,5 – 48,3). Elle était significativement plus élevée dans les zones d'altitude moyenne 55,2% (IC à 95% : 47,5 – 62,6) que dans les zones de basse altitude (22,3%) ou les zones de haute altitude (43,5%). La prévalence de la DNC et la mortalité due à cette maladie, observées à l'échelle de l'animal, étaient de 8,1% et de 2,12% respectivement. A nouveau, elles étaient plus élevées dans les zones d'altitude moyenne (10,4% et 3,2% respectivement) que dans les zones de basse et haute altitude (P < 0,05). L'analyse de facteurs de risque a montré que trois variables étaient significativement associées avec la prévalence de la DNC : l'effet de la zone agroclimatique, la conduite de troupeaux différents sur les mêmes pâtures et les mêmes lieux d'abreuvement et l'introduction de nouveaux animaux. L'incidence maximale de la DNC était concomitante de l'augmentation des populations d'insectes hématophages : cette association dans le temps était significative (coefficient de Spearman de 0,88 ; 0,79 et 0,79 respectivement pour les zones de haute, moyenne et basse altitude). L'évaluation de la faisabilité financière et des bénéfices espérés de la vaccination ont constitué la quatrième partie de la thèseLumpy skin disease (LSD) is one of economically important viral diseases of cattle in Ethiopia caused by Lumpy skin disease virus in the member of the genus Capripox viruses. The objective of this thesis is to better understand the epidemiological features of the disease in order to propose practical and applicable control and prevention options. The thesis is classified in five chapters. The first chapter describes the general agricultural production system in Ethiopia and relates the current knowledge on the virus and the disease as given by the literature.The second chapter deals with the performance of indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) as a serological diagnostic and screening tool that was evaluated using methods without gold standard. Virus neutralization test (VNT) was used as the second test for comparison. The analysis of conditional dependent Bayesian model showed that the IFAT had good accuracy both in sensitivity (92%) and specificity (88%) parameters indicating that it could be used for LSD diagnosis and screening (epidemiological studies, epidemiosurveillance) with less misclassification. Its capacity to run large number of samples per plate just like ELISA could be also taken as an advantage for large epidemiological studies. The sensitivity and specificity of VNT was 78%, 97% respectively. The two tests IFAT and VNT were found conditionally independent on the disease status of the animal. Thus, higher sensitivity and throughput for IFAT would render the test being selected for screening purposes and higher specificity performance of VNT would qualify it to be used as a confirmation test. A cross sectional study was then conducted to estimate the prevalence of LSD at herd and animal-levels and to analyze the risk factors associated with the disease occurrence in Ethiopia. It is presented in the third chapter. A total of 330 questionnaire surveys were collected from 44 peasant associations (PA) distributed in 15 districts. The average herd level LSD prevalence was 42.8% (95% CI: 37.5–48.3) and it was significantly higher in the midland agro-climate 55.2% (95% CI: 47.5–62.6) than in lowland and highland agro-climate zones (22.3% and 43.5%, respectively). The observed LSD prevalence and mortality at animal level were 8.1% and 2.12% respectively which were still higher in the midland zone (10.4% and 3.2%, respectively) than in lowland and highland zones (P< 0.05). The risk factor analysis showed that three variables: the effect of agro-climates, communal grazing/watering management and introduction of new animals were significantly associated with LSD occurrence. The temporal association between LSD occurrence and increase in the biting-fly population was also positively correlated by Spearman rank correlation coefficient (0.88, 0.79 and 0.79 for highland, midland and lowland zones, respectively) and statistically significant. The need to evaluate the financial feasibility and benefit possibly expected of vaccination led us to the fourth component of the thesis
19
Cherenet, Fasil W. "A study of the motivation and methods of involvement of the Ethiopian diaspora in the political process in Ethiopia since 1990." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2014. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1517.
Full textAbstract:
This study addresses the transnational political relationship of the Ethiopian Diaspora in the United States with the homeland, Ethiopia, since the 1990s. It does so by investigating what the motivating factors and the methods of political participation are, if any. To this end, a four-part bilingual (Amharic/English) online and hard copy survey with open and close-ended questions was used. Over 300 members of the Ethiopian Diaspora in the United States completed the survey, which is the basis of the observations made in the dissertation. The Ethiopian Diaspora is considered to be a newer Diaspora; however, the number of Ethiopians living abroad has significantly increased since the 1970s. The research confirms these Ethiopians demonstrate their affinity and connection to the homeland through social cultural events such as sporting events, attending religious services, concerts and festivals, and even by traveling frequently to Ethiopia, thus celebrating their connection to the homeland.
The research also shows that although Ethiopians have a very strong interest in seeing a better Ethiopia, a majority do not seem to be motivated enough to participate in transnational political activities. This is due to their mistrust of the political leadership and the absence of the lack of a democratic culture within the Ethiopian Diaspora. The few that are motivated to participate are focused more on peripheral activities or methods of political participation.
According to the findings of this research, factors such as class, gender, age, immigration generation, and education are not central in determining the individual political participation of the respondents. Most of the respondents are also opposed to an armed struggle and believe in peaceful methods of struggle to bring meaningful change in the Ethiopian political system.
Although the legal and political framework in the United States is conducive for political activism, power struggle and internal disunity have contributed to the minimal level of engagement of the Ethiopian Diaspora. The Diaspora has a huge potential and capacity to become an important transnational force and a catalyst for change. Future research may shed light on how to mobilize this untapped force.
20
Handino, Mulugeta Lolamo. "'Green famine' in Ethiopia : understanding the causes of increasing vulnerability to food insecurity and policy responses in the Southern Ethiopian highlands." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48738/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the underlying causes of food insecurity, famine in general and green famine in particular in the enset-dominant livelihood zones of Kambata land in southern Ethiopia, which are historically considered more resilient and less vulnerable to food insecurity and famine than other parts of Ethiopia. Given Ethiopia's long-standing history of food insecurity and famines, the discourse of food insecurity and famine is dominated by natural and demographic factors as the main causes. In order to unpack the multi-layered underlying causes of food insecurity in general and green famine in particular, the thesis adopts Sen's analytical framework of ‘entitlement to food'. Using multi-site qualitative research techniques, this thesis captures the perceptions of different actors at different levels about the causes of green famine, identifies the sources of livelihood vulnerability and the types of livelihood strategies undertaken by households in the study area. By systematically capturing and analysing these different aspects, the study concludes that the causes of green famine extend beyond the dominant narratives of drought and population growth, and that these factors alone cannot fully explain famine occurrence. Green famine is caused by a web of complex and intertwined policy-related, political, natural, socio-‐economic and demographic factors that have long been present in the study area. The thesis further investigates how the contemporary understanding and classification of famine is dominated by anthropometric and mortality outcomes (‘objective indicators') and thresholds set by outsiders and how ‘subjective indicators' such as the perceptions, knowledge, experience and coping strategies of famine victims are undervalued and given less weight by ‘famine scales'. By incorporating ‘subjective indicators' of famine, this thesis challenges conventional famine conceptualisation and measurement and recommends that these indicators be given equal treatment and weight to ‘objective indicators' in famine classification.
21
Demse, Habtesilase Ketema. "Challenges of Multimodal Transport Services:The Case of Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics Service Enterprise : Ethiopia- Sweden-Denmark and UK trade routes operation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79286.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Purpose: is to identify the challenges of multimodal transport service of ESLSE in the Europe trade routes operation from origin up to destination and to analyze the contribution of network partners to ESLSE solving these challenges. Design\Data collection\Approach: This thesis relied on qualitative research design in order to identify the key challenges of multimodal transport services and to show how the network partners contribute to solving these challenges. Moreover, to achieve the objective of the study, semi structure interviews were used, and the responses from 14 experts were analyzed. Theoretical framework: The theoretical base and concepts are used to determine the theoretical boundaries of the research. It provides an overview of the literature that exists in the challenges of multimodal transport services. The theoretical framework firstly encompassed the logistics performance and personnel, followed by the description of multimodal transport services, customs facilitation, ICT, infrastructure, network partner integration and port administration. Lastly, theoretical synthesis is developed that are identified from the theory to demonstrate the interrelationship between individual concepts. Findings: The findings of this study revealed that multimodal transport service was impacted by a number of challenges even if the network partners contributed some solutions. The results of the study showed that the lack of skilled logistics personnel; poor ICT system; lack of integration between network partners; lack of effective infrastructure; inadequate and ineffective capacity of trucks; material theft; corruption; security risk; lack of prompt response in the operation between network partners; monopoly of the operation by ESLSE; and lack of quality of transported cargo are the main challenges for multimodal transport services. Managerial implication: For managers of network partners, it is recommended that they should be aware that the challenge of multimodal transport service is the result of poor ICT systems; lack of integration between network partners; lack of effective infrastructure; lack of skilled logistic personnel; inadequate and ineffective capacity of trucks; material theft; corruption; security risk; lack of quality of transported cargo; and lack of prompt response in the operation between the network partners Hence, they should take action to solve the problems by integrating with shipping agents and steering committees such as customers office, transport minister, and maritime authority. Moreover, the shipping agents managers can use the results of the study to enhance their contribution in order to solve the challenges of multimodal transport services by communicating with the ESLSE. Limitations: The small sample size without adequately diverse geographical spread and sample of shipping agents and dry ports since the study is only limited to Europe trade routes and it did not take in to consideration other continents like Africa and Asia which could have given additional information on the topic. The sample of shipping agent and dry ports was limited with 3 out of 11 and 3 out of 7 respectively. Originality\Value: This thesis is one of the first to analyze the challenges of multimodal transport in the case of Ethiopia to Europe trade operation by interviewing both the ESLSE and shipping agents.
22
Lehmani, Albert. "Infection VIH en Ethiopie." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11003.
Full text
23
Konchi, Wakgari Furi. "Hydrogeology of complex volcanic systems in continental rifted zone : integrated geochimical, geophysical and hydrodynamic approach : Middle Awash basin, Main Ethiopian Rift, Ethiopia." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Konchi-Wakgari-Furi/2010-Konchi-Wakgari-Furi-These.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Middle Awash basin, located in the complex volcanic centre of the Ethiopian Rift valley, is one of the drought prone areas marked by considerable water supply problems. Due to lack of surface waters, groundwater remains the sole resource supplying water for domestic and livestock. However, its effective use has been hampered due to the complex aquifer system of this basin. In this study, multidisciplinary method has been applied to characterize the hydrogeological system of this complex volcanic basin. The combined results from datasets show two distinct aquifer systems linked to geology and physiographic location. The Ca-alkaline rocks like basalt, ignimbrite, and trachybasalt form aquifers in the mountain regions whereas the Na-alkalne rocks which include scoria, pumice, tuff, and volcanoclastics are main aquifers in rift floor. Ground waters circulating in the highland areas are slightly mineralized and are Ca-Na-HCO3 type. On the other hand, ground waters in the rift floor are Na-HCO3-Cl types and are highly mineralized as well as contain high load of fluoride much higher than the permitted standard. Rivers hydrograph, hydrochemistry, environmental isotope, and 2D tomography are in good agreement showing fast percolation of rainfall and strong interaction between surface waters and ground waters. Result from numerical groundwater flow modeling further indicates the strong interaction between groundwater and surface waters in the form of losing and gainingLe bassin central d'Awash, situé dans le centre volcanique complexe de la Vallée du Rift éthiopien, est un des secteurs les plus touchés par la sécheresse et par des problèmes considérables d'approvisionnement en eau. En raison du manque d'eau de surface, l'eau souterraine reste la ressource unique fournissant l'eau potable. Cependant, l'exploitation effective de l'eau souterraine s'est heurtée à la méconnaissance du système hydrogéologique complexe de ce bassin. Dans cette étude, une approche pluridisciplinaire a été mise en oeuvre pour caractériser l'hydrogéologie de ce bassin volcanique complexe. Les résultats couplés de l'ensemble des données montrent deux systèmes aquifères distincts liés à la géologie et à la localisation physiographique. Les roches Ca-alcalines comme le basalte, l'ignimbrite et le trachybasalte forment des aquifères dans les régions de montagne tandis que les roches Na-alcalines qui incluent les scories, la pierre ponce, les tufs et les volcanoclastiques constituent les principaux aquifères au niveau du plancher du rift. Les eaux souterraines circulant dans les secteurs montagneux sont légèrement minéralisées et sont de type Ca-Na-HCO3. Par contre, les eaux souterraines du plancher du rift sont de type Na-HCO3-Cl, sont fortement minéralisées et contiennent une charge en fluorure beaucoup plus élevée que les normes permises. Les résultats de diverses approches (hydrogrammes des fleuves, hydrochimie, isotopes environnementaux et tomographie 2D) sont concordants et montrent une percolation rapide des eaux de pluie et une forte interaction entre les eaux de surface et les eaux souterraines. Les résultats de modélisation numérique confirment la forte interaction eau souterraine - eaux de surface
24
Dini, Samira. "Women's Empowerment a Determinant for Contraceptive use among women in Ethiopia : A secondary analysis of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey from 2016." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-421621.
Full textAbstract:
Ethiopia has one of the largest populations in the world, an estimate of 114 million inhabitants. With more than 40% of the population below the age of 15 the country has to make further progress in meeting its family planning needs. The fertility rate has slowly declined, but the population continues to grow. Efforts to reduce gender disparities and empower women have fallen short in many parts of the world. Evidence suggesting a link between women’s empowerment, health outcomes and health care service utilization. A secondary analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey was conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the association between women’s empowerment, sociodemographic and reproductive factors and contraceptive use among married women and women living with partner aged 15-49 in Ethiopia. Logistic regression, bivariate, and descriptive analysis was conducted. Decision-making role in regard to husband’s money was a strong predictor for contraceptive use. Women who alone or jointly made decision were more likely to use contraceptives. The state of wealth of women was a significant determinant for contraceptive use. Those with lower education were more likely to use contraceptives compared to those with higher education. Women who did not intend to have more children were more likely to use contraceptives. This study showed that contraceptive use is associated with women’s economic decision-making age, and several sociodemographic and reproductive factors. Improving women’s empowerment, through decision making power can improve contraceptive use and therefore achieve better maternal health.
25
Kebede, Tilak Makonnen. "Empowerment as a strategy in improving maternal and child health in Ethiopia. The case of the Ethiopian government initiative-A qualitative approach." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24799.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Aim: This study aimed at getting an understanding and critical analyses of the Ethiopian government empowerment strategy in improving maternal and child health in Ethiopia.Method: This is an ethnographic study, in which mainly un-structured interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation were conducted to collect data for the study. Results: The study concluded that the empowerment intiative has been promising to some extent in addressing the health concerns of women and children in Ethiopia. However, lack of bottom up health promotion strategies such as geniune community participation in the designing and implementation of the health program has greatly hindered the health promotion program from effectively improving the health status of women in the studied community.
26
Eide, Øyvind M. "Revolution and religion in Ethiopia : a study of Church and politics with special reference to the Ethiopian evangelical Church Mekane Yesus 1974-1985 /." Stavanger : Uppsala : Misjonshøgskolens forlag ; Uppsala universitet, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35858349k.
Full text
27
Malsamo, Eyasu Ferenj. "Evangelizing Ethiopia in the 21st century a program for full-time evangelists of the Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church who train lay people for evangelism /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2009. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p002-0852.
Full text
28
BOUTAHAR, LATIFA. "L'enjeu strategique du conflit erythro-ethiopien." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010253.
Full textAbstract:
La question erythreenne a pose un veritable probleme d'epistemologie strategique. Guerre de liberation nationale ou mouvement separatiste fomente contre le saint empire ethiopien? le nationalisme erythreen, introduisant la composante ideologique a donne au combat erythreen sa veritable identite et sa dimension strategique. Premier enjeu du conflit, l'independance erythreenne bouleverse la geopolitique de la corne de l'afrique l'avenir de la region s'en trouve ouvert, permettant une grande prospective strategique. Les nationalismes : oromo et afar en gestation depuis longtemps, pourraient decomposer et recomposer la region sur le duble plan : geopolitique et strategiqueEritrean struggle has been a real epistemology strategic problem : national liberation war or separatist mouvement against the ethiopian unity? the eritrean nationalism gave the struggle it real identity and it strategic dimension. The independence of eritrea establish a political precedent in the horn of africa. With oromya and afar nationalism, the region could be a theatre for a great geopolitics stake
29
Bouanga, Ayda. "Le Damot dans l'histoire de l'Ethiopie (XIIIe-XXe siècles) : recompositions religieuses, politiques et historiographiques." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011594.
Full textAbstract:
Les territoires et populations du sud de l'Abbay jouèrent un rôle déterminant dans l'histoire politique, religieuse et économique de l'Éthiopie médiévale et moderne. Cet espace, situé à l'ouest du haut plateau central éthiopien, au sud-ouest de la rivière Gämma, au nord de l'Awas, vécut diverses transformations altérant progressivement sa culture et sa société. Au XIIIe siècle, Damot, Endägäbtän, Wäräb, Ennarya, Sat et Bizamo constituent le royaume du Damot, dirigé par les motälämi dont l'autorité s'impose jusqu'au sultanat musulman de l'Ifat et au port de Zeyla. Ils exportaient des produits de luxe locaux vers l'Arabie, l'Inde et la Chine. Gafat et Gärnbo, éleveurs et agriculteurs du royaume, y professaient un culte de possession et de divination (däsk). Au XIVe siècle, le royaume du Damot disparaît après l'annexion de l'Endägäbtän et du Wäräb par le royaume chrétien salomonien. Mais les motälämi gèrent jusqu'au milieu du XVe siècle une communauté d'espaces restreinte, sur laquelle un tribut chrétien est imposé, et Gafat et Gämbo résistent toujours à l'influence culturelle chrétienne. Au tournant du XVIe siècle, après avoir subi les assauts successifs de leurs voisins, une partie de ces populations est assimilée aux Oromo Mäçça qui annexent le sud de l'Abbay ; une autre émigre dans le Goggam où elle s'intègre lentement à la société chrétienne. Assimilation tardive et existence d'une entité géopolitique " païenne " pérenne 1 remettent en cause les sources médiévale, moderne et contemporaine ayant inspiré l'historiographie éthiopienne qui actait de la toute puissance du royaume chrétien sur ses voisins " païens ".
30
Adankpo, Labadie Olivia. "De la prédication hétérodoxe d'Ewostatewos à la formation d'un mouvement monastique puissant : genèses du monachisme eustathéen au nord du royaume d'Ethiopie (début du XIVè- milieu du XVè siècle)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H003.
Full textAbstract:
Le moine hétérodoxe Ewostâtëwos (Eustathe sous forme francisée) est à l'origine de la fondation de plusieurs monastères dans le premier tiers du XIVe siècle dans le nord du royaume chrétien d'Éthiopie. Outre le plaidoyer pour l'indépendance des moines à l'égard des laïcs, Ëwostâtëwos prône la stricte observance des deux sabbats, une doctrine jugée hérétique par le métropolite égyptien et le souverain éthiopien. En raison de leurs positions non-conformistes, les disciples d'Ëwostâtëwos, les eustathéens, sont mis au ban de la société, dès la seconde moitié du XIVe siècle. Malgré les persécutions, les fondations monastiques se multiplient. Cette thèse cherche alors à rendre compte de la genèse de ce puissant mouvement monastique au nord de l'Éthiopie chrétienne du début du XIVe siècle, jusqu'au milieu du XVe siècle, date à laquelle les eustathéens parviennent à faire triompher leurs positions auprès du roi Zar'a Yâ'eqob. En s'interrogeant sur l'identité hétérodoxe de la prédication eustathéenne, ce travail analyse le processus d'émergence et de construction de ce mouvement monastique à différentes échelles. Cette enquête met en évidence la diversité des stratégies mises en œuvre par les eustathéens pour construire un mouvement polynucléaire puissant et inventer l'histoire de leurs originesAt the beginning of the 14th century the monk Ewostâtëwos initiated a powerful monastic movement in the northern part of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia. Ëwostâtëwos was bath a staunch advocate of his fellow monks' freedom and a strong defender of the two-sabbaths, the observance of which was deemed heretical. Thus, his disciples, the Ewostateans, were banished. Despite the persecutions, the monastic foundations were still growing. This PhD thesis sheds light on the genesis of this powerful monastic movement from the 14th century to the middle of the 15th century, when the Ewostateans made their ideas prevail at the court of king Zar'a Yâ'eqob. Focusing on the heterodox identity of Ewostateans, this study analyzes the building of the monastic communities at different scales. This investigation reveals the large spectrum of strategies that the Ewostateans applied to build a multi-centered movement and to invent their origins
31
Le, Houérou Fabienne. "L'aventure fasciste en Ethiopie, 1936-1938." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0005.
Full textAbstract:
L'aventure italienne en Ethiopie s'accompagne d'un climat d'euphorie collective, la propagande fasciste présente l'Ethiopie aux émigrants italiens comme un eldorado. Cette aventure administrative débute avec la loi qui crée l'unité géographique de l'Afrique orientale italienne. Cette aventure est paralysée par la rivalité qui s'installe entre Graziani (vice-roi d'Ethiopie) et Lessona (ministre de l' Afrique italienne). Elle souffre en outre de la carence en personnel indigène. Graziani est un aventurier petit bourgeois qui entreprend une politique de terreur. Le racisme devient une nouvelle composante de la politique coloniale. Délibérément hostiles aux Amhara les fascistes promulguent des décrets racistes en interdisant le "madamisme" (concubinage avec une Ethiopienne). Ces lois furent continuellement transgressées par les Italiens. Le profil social de cette colonie est composé en majorité d'ouvriers et de petits bourgeois. L'expérience coloniale italienne tourne à une mésaventure dans tous les domaines (économique, social) du fait de la guérilla éthiopienne. Cette résistance de masse prend son essor en février dix neuf cent trente sept dans le coeur régional des amhara (Godjam, Bagemder, Choa). Les peuples d'Ethiopie ont inégalement participé au mouvement de résistance et la révolte est en étroite liaison avec le nationalisme amharaThe fascist adventure in Ethiopia started in an atmosphere of collective euphoria inasmuch as the fascist propaganda displayed this country to the Italians settlers as a genuine Eldorado. This legal and administrative adventure started with a law that gave the Italian eastern Africa a geographical unity. The administrative adventure was soon paralysed by the opposition between Graziani (vice-roy of Ethiopia) and Lessona (secretary for African affairs) who became to be rivals. Simultaneously the absence of any native in the administration paralysed this adventure. Graziani proved to be a lower middleclass adventurer who installed a policy of terror. Racism then became a new item of the fascist colonial policy. Definitely hostile to the Amhara, the Italians issued racial decrees against "madamism" (i-e concubinage). This law kept on being infringed by the Italians. The social profile of this colony was widely made of workers (for the road sector) and lower middle-class people. The Italian colonisation became an impossible experience due to the Ethiopian guerilla warfare. This massive opposition increased in February nineteen thirty seven in the regional core of the Aamhara (Godjam, Choa,Bagemder)
32
Gustafsson, Stina, and Therese Högberg. "“In the footsteps of globalization” : A media ethnographic study about Ethiopian journalism students’ perceptions about television’s influence on their identities and on cultures in Ethiopia." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-25724.
Full textAbstract:
This is a media ethnographic bachelor thesis. It examines journalism students at Bahir Dar University’s perceptions about how television can influence their identities but also cultures and lifestyles in Ethiopia in general. Ethnographic observations, time-use diaries, group interviews and individual interviews were used to gather data. However, the individual interviews are our main method. Our results showed that the journalism students believe that television influence them in various ways: their way of dressing and looking, acting, thinking and being. They also believe that televisions’ ability to change their identities in a bigger context means that cultures and traditions in Ethiopia are changing. The journalism students talk about different phenomenons that have arisen in Ethiopia during the last years, for example homosexuality, new techniques and appliances and new kind of clothes and food. And they say that they believe these phenomenons have arisen in Ethiopia because of media globalization.
33
Lienard, Pierre. "Le comportement rituel: communication, cognition et action: génération, âge, filiation et territoire: contribution à l'ethnographie de deux populations du Cercle Karimojong (les Turkana du Kenya et les Nyangatom d'Ethiopie)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211360.
Full text
34
Carey, Charles W. "Lord Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12052009-020355/.
Full text
35
Girma, Beshah. "The influence of schooling on the nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices of Ethiopian school children and mothers." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39307.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of schooling on nutritional knowledge, attitudes and nutritional outcomes in Ethiopia was investigated. Data were obtained in late 1989 in Debre Birhan in Shoa province from three groups: 267 mothers, 114 clinic users and six primary schools with a total of 528 students. Mothers and students were administered tests measuring nutritional knowledge and attitudes. The nutritional status of children age 6-31 months was evaluated by measurement of the weight and height. Schooling, particularly upper secondary schooling, was found significantly influence nutritional knowledge and nutritional outcomes. A causal model is presented which suggests that modern nutritional knowledge, together with the educational level of the mother, is immensely important in influencing nutritional practices. The study suggests that while schooling influences nutritional knowledge and nutritional outcomes, greater attention must be given to improving instruction in nutrition at the primary and lower secondary level.
36
Metiku, Arkebe Oqubay. "Industrial policy in Ethiopia." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2013. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/30339/.
Full text
37
Tadesse, Menberetshai. "Judicial reform in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1429/.
Full textAbstract:
The main theme of this thesis is judicial reform program in Ethiopia. It examines the three basic issues which are central to the administration of justice in Ethiopia, namely efficieny, access to justice as well as accountability and independence. In spite of the wider scope of the reform efforts in Ethiopia this thesis has, on purpose, focused on these concepts not only because they are in many respects interrelated but also because they account for a bigger part of the problems that are faced by the justice system in the country.
38
Mohammed, Nuru Adgaba. "Geographical races of the honeybees (Apis Mellifera L.) of the Northern regions of Ethiopia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007671.
Full textAbstract:
The ideal climatic conditions and diversity of floral resources allow Ethiopia to sustain millions of honeybee colonies. Beekeeping is widely practiced and plays a significant role in the livelihood of the farming community of the country. Despite this, information on the types of geographical races of honeybees, their behavioural characters and the related ecological factors are not established. In this work an attempt was made to characterise the honeybee populations of the northern parts of Ethiopia based on the analyses of morphological, behavioural and ecological characteristics. For morphological analysis, 155 honeybee colony samples from 31 localities were collected. 20 worker honeybees per colony sample totalled 3100 individual worker honeybees and thirteen morphological characters per bee, a total of 40 300 measurements were recorded following Ruttner's (1988) protocols. The behavioural characters such as reproductive swarming, migration, temperament and colony seasonal cycles were assessed based on survey work of a pre-structured questionnaire. Various univariate and multivariate statistical methods were employed to analyse the data. The principal components and step-wise linear discriminant analyses revealed the existence of four discrete morphoclusters or geographical races: A. m. jemenitica from eastern, northwestern and northern arid and semi-arid lowlands, A. m. scutellata from the western humid midlands, A. m. bandasii from sub-moist central highlands and A. m. monticola from the northern mountainous parts of the study areas. These different geographical races were found to be distinctively distributed in the different ecological parts of the study area. High intercolonial and intracolonial variances were observed in all localities, however particularly high values were obtained in areas of transitions between ecological zones indicating a region of gene flow or zones of hybridisation among the statistically defined populations. Such high variances were observed mostly in areas where A. m. jemenitica borders the other geographical races. Moreover. distinct behavioural variations were also noted among these geographical races. Generally. the highland and mountainous honeybees A. m. bandasii and A. m. monticola are relatively larger in body size. have less tendency to swarm. less inclination to migrate and are relatively gentle while the converse traits were noted for the lowlands and midlands honeybees A. m. jemenitica and A. m. scutellata. Both morphological and behavioural variations were highly correlated with environmental factors and the variations seem to be the result of long adaptation to the interrelated ecological factors in their respective areas. Variations in reproductive swarming periods were also noted among these honeybee populations as a result of variations in rainfall pattern. altitude and temperature in their respective ecological areas which are believed to alter the honeybee colonies' seasonal cycles and leads to partial temporal reproductive isolation among these different honeybee populations.
39
Rogstadius, Jakob. "Visualizing the Ethiopian Commodity Market." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19564.
Full textAbstract:
The Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX), like many other data intensive organizations, is having difficulties making full use of the vast amounts of data that it collects. This MSc thesis identifies areas within the organization where concepts from the academic fields of information visualization and visual analytics can be applied to address this issue.Software solutions are designed and implemented in two areas with the purpose of evaluating the approach and to demonstrate to potential users, developers and managers what can be achieved using this method. A number of presentation methods are proposed for the ECX website, which previously contained no graphing functionality for market data, to make it easier for users to find trends, patterns and outliers in prices and trade volumes of commodieties traded at the exchange. A software application is also developed to support the ECX market surveillance team by drastically improving its capabilities of investigating complex trader relationships.Finally, as ECX lacked previous experiences with visualization, one software developer was trained in computer graphics and involved in the work, to enable continued maintenance and future development of new visualization solutions within the organization.
40
Diro, Gulilat Tefera. "Seasonal forecasting of Ethiopian rainfall." Thesis, University of Reading, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501507.
Full textAbstract:
Reliable prediction of rainfall in advance of the rainy season would have enormous social and economic benefits to countries such as Ethiopia that depend on rain fed agriculture. This thesis is trying to do two things. Firstly it tries to develop a statistical seasonal forecasts of the Ethiopian rains which could be used operationally. Secondly, it also tries to understand the mechanisms by which the predictors (remote SSTs) are linked to rainfall using observational and modelling studies. Because of the spatial variation in both the interannual variability and the annual cycle of rainfall, Ethiopia was divided into homogeneous rainfall zones, and separate forecasts were developed for each zone. Two techniques (multiple linear regression (MLR) and linear discriminant analysis (LOA» were applied to four sets of predictors (selected by either stepwise regression or discriminant analysis either including or excluding the contemporaneous season). All the forecasts had more skill than either a random or climatological forecast. For all forecasts, the extreme years (very rainy and very dry) were more reliably forecast than average years. The mechanisms for the link between SSTs and rainfall were studied using observational analysis and modelling experiments. In the observational analysis, two sets of composites were analysed. The first set of composites was composites of atmospheric fields based on excess and deficit rainfall years which were meant to identify the large scale atmospheric variables responsible for rainfall variability. The second set was also composites of global atmospheric fields but based on warm and cold SST of the oceanic regions used as predictors in the forecasting models. This analysis aimed to identify the link between the remote SST and the rainfall via large scale atmospheric features. In the Modelling experiments, an ensemble of atmosphere only GeM (HadAM3) integrations were done by forcing with observed and idealised SST anomaly patterns. The observed SST forced run is intended to examine whether the model captures some of the observed interannual variability of rainfall related to fluctuation in the SST. The idealised SST pattern forced experiment is done in order to understand the sensitivity of atmospheric circulations to various locations of SST forcing. The result from the idealised experiment shows that warming of equatorial Pacific directly affects Ethiopian rainfall by among other things, weakening the tropical easterly jet and reducing the influx of moisture from the Atlantic and Indian oceans.
41
Papworth, Helen. "Illustrated literature for Ethiopian children." Thesis, Bangor University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548609.
Full text
42
Kelbore, Zerihun G. "Essays on the Ethiopian Agriculture." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/367620.
Full textAbstract:
Improving agricultural productivity, agricultural commercialization and improving the livelihoods of the population are the main challenges in the Sub-Saharan Africa region where the majority of the population are poor and live in rural areas. Several factors including lack of improved farming practices, poor infrastructure, low level of market integration to the world market and within countries, climate change, and inadequate policy support restrained the performance of the agricultural sector in the region. This thesis consists of four chapters, three empirical and one theoretical chapter. Each of the empirical chapters deals with selected topics pertinent to the agriculture sector in Ethiopia. The theoretical chapter reviews the agricultural policies adopted by the existing government and implemented over the past two decades. After the introductory chapter, the second chapter analyzes the impacts of climate change on crop yields and yield vari-ability in Ethiopia. The impacts of climate change appear to be different across crops and regions. However, the future crop yield levels largely depend on future technological development in farming practices. The third chapter aims to understand the extent of price transmissions from the world markets to domestic grain markets, and the extent of market integration in domestic grain markets. The fourth chapter investigates and compares the volatilities of oilseeds prices in the world and domestic markets. The data used in the second, third and fourth chapters are obtained from various secondary sources. The fifth chapter reviews major agricultural policies implemented over the last two decades and identifies policies that either enhanced the growth of the agricultural sector or holding back its performance. The sixth chapter underlines the main conclusions and indicates future research areas.
43
Kelbore, Zerihun G. "Essays on the Ethiopian Agriculture." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2014. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1375/1/Zerihun_Dissertation.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Improving agricultural productivity, agricultural commercialization and improving the livelihoods of the population are the main challenges in the Sub-Saharan Africa region where the majority of the population are poor and live in rural areas. Several factors including lack of improved farming practices, poor infrastructure, low level of market integration to the world market and within countries, climate change, and inadequate policy support restrained the performance of the agricultural sector in the region. This thesis consists of four chapters, three empirical and one theoretical chapter. Each of the empirical chapters deals with selected topics pertinent to the agriculture sector in Ethiopia. The theoretical chapter reviews the agricultural policies adopted by the existing government and implemented over the past two decades. After the introductory chapter, the second chapter analyzes the impacts of climate change on crop yields and yield vari-ability in Ethiopia. The impacts of climate change appear to be different across crops and regions. However, the future crop yield levels largely depend on future technological development in farming practices. The third chapter aims to understand the extent of price transmissions from the world markets to domestic grain markets, and the extent of market integration in domestic grain markets. The fourth chapter investigates and compares the volatilities of oilseeds prices in the world and domestic markets. The data used in the second, third and fourth chapters are obtained from various secondary sources. The fifth chapter reviews major agricultural policies implemented over the last two decades and identifies policies that either enhanced the growth of the agricultural sector or holding back its performance. The sixth chapter underlines the main conclusions and indicates future research areas.
44
Worku, Askal Tilahun. "Poverty alleviation and community participation towards development in Bahir-Dar, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018801.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the research was to assess the trends and forms of community participation to poverty alleviation in Bahir Dar town. The field study was limited to two projects, micro and small scale enterprise activities and credit service, however the finding and recommendation can be applied to all projects aimed to poverty alleviation and community self sustaining projects. In order to achieve the research objectives, a review of relevant literature was done. It began by reviewing definitions and concepts of poverty. The literature also over reviewed the importance of community participation to poverty alleviation efforts of a country and reviews the Ethiopian poverty reduction process. The literature further highlighted the role of community participation in achieving development goals. The data collection was done by means of focus group discussions complimented by face-to-face interviews. The data collected were analyzed thematically with the use of narrative summary and categorization in respect to the objective of the study. The findings of the study showed that there is low participation of community and therefore creating more opportunities for community participation activity and detailed study in the area is recommended.
45
Vander, Naald Brian P. "The effects of fiscal decentralization on health and education outcomes and behaviors evidence from Ethiopia /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-08242007-174106/.
Full text
46
Zarowsky, Christina. "Refugee lives and the politics of suffering in Somali Ethiopia." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37915.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the lifeworlds of Somali returnees in Ethiopia. Their experience of flight and return is distinctive, shaped by the history and culture of the Somali people and the political and economic conditions of this part of Africa. In emphasizing this distinctiveness, this thesis is an implicit critique of recent efforts by academics and aid agencies to homogenize the experience of refugees in this region and elsewhere. In Ethiopia, "development" and humanitarian aid, in interaction with political contests at many levels, provide the context for interpreting refugee experience and action. Globally, the most powerful of the reductionist accounts is based on the "trauma model" of refugee experience. In this model, "refugee experience" has come to be virtually synonymous with "psychosocial" and, in turn, "mental health" and "post-traumatic stress disorder" (PTSD). Somali refugees and returnees in Ethiopia, however, do not address violence, death, and war-related distress in a framework of psychological medicine, with its goal of reducing psychological, emotional and physiological symptoms of individual distress. Rather, such distress is predominantly assimilated into the framework of politics, with its goals of survival and restitution. Emotion, and talking about emotion, evoke complex individual and collective memories that situate individual and local community experience within, or in juxtaposition to, other realities: competing powers such as the Ethiopian and other states, dispossession, and the precariousness of survival in a harsh natural and political environment. Historical narratives, collective memory, anger, and the rhetorics of development and humanitarian aid play important roles in these communities' efforts to rebuild social networks and what they refer to as a "decent human life."
47
Weis, Toni. "Vanguard capitalism : party, state, and market in the EPRDF's Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c4c9ae33-0b5d-4fd6-b3f5-d02d5d2c7e38.
Full textAbstract:
Since the fall of the Derg regime in 1991, Ethiopia has undergone a remarkable economic transformation. Shunning liberal policy advice yet avoiding the pathologies of patrimonialism, its experience is increasingly presented as an example for others to follow. However, there has been surprisingly little research, and even less consensus, on what actually constitutes this 'Ethiopian model.' The present thesis provides an answer to this question by focusing on the role of the EPRDF - the former insurgency movement which has governed Ethiopia since 1991 - and the fundamental reconstruction of state and market it has overseen. It argues that the resulting political economy is best characterised as a form of 'vanguard capitalism,' which combines the centralising political logic of a Leninist movement party with the expansive logic of capitalist markets. At its base lies the monopolisation of state-society relations by the EPRDF which, in turn, allows for the creation, centralisation and strategic use of economic rents by its administration. The two processes of illiberal state- and market-building are complementary, and their outcomes mutually reinforcing: a state that seeks to derive legitimacy from 'developmental' interventions in the economy, and an economy that advances a particular vision of the Ethiopian state. To bear out this argument, the thesis traces the evolving relationship between party, state, and market through four distinct periods in the EPRDF's Ethiopia. While the administrative and economic institutions built during the wartime years were all subsumed into the movement's thrust toward military victory, structural adjustment during the 1990s led to a gradual differentiation between party, state, and market. The propagation of an Ethiopian 'developmental state' in the early 2000s implied a re-centralisation of economic rents, yet without a corresponding degree of control over society the party was left vulnerable. After the electoral near-defeat of 2005 the EPRDF thus reclaimed its 'vanguard' role, again fusing party, state, and market into a campaign for economic transformation that it presents as a logical extension of the original struggle for liberation. The thesis draws on over one hundred stakeholder interviews conducted during ten months of field research in Addis Ababa, Mekelle, and among the Ethiopian diaspora, as well as on extensive archival research.
48
Tariku, Haile Yineger. "Comparing Bird Communities and a Forest Tree in Fragmented Remnants in NW Ethiopia: Inventory, Conservation Planning, Modelling and Conservation Genetic Approaches." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367874.
Full textAbstract:
Anthropogenic disturbance regimes in areas that were once large continuous habitats have been major drivers of habitat fragmentation and loss which in turn form the largest worldwide threat to biodiversity. Studies suggest that functional trait based approaches provide better understanding of fragmentation effects on ecological processes in human- modified landscapes. However, research on these thematic areas is limited in many tropical regions, such as Ethiopia. In the second chapter of this thesis, I evaluated sensitivity of bird communities and functional groups to fragmentation processes in Ethiopia. Standard point counts were used to survey birds in 16 remnant forest patches
of variable sizes and degrees of isolation. The information theoretic model selection approach was used for precise understanding of avian functional group responses to habitat loss and fragmentation. Results showed strong impacts of forest loss and fragmentation on forest specialists, insectivores, frugivores, open nesters, understorey nesters and resident birds. These results led to the identification of indicator bird functional groups, which can be used to prioritize sites for conservation particularly where management funds are limited. Specifically, the indicator groups can provide the cheapest option to efficiently conserve biodiversity of the region particularly when systematic conservation planning approaches are used while at the same time considering important landscape features, socio-economic, political and bioclimatic factors. Where management resources are affordable, protection and restoration of the remnant forest patches and matrix vegetation may help mitigate the negative effects of fragmentation on the specialist bird functional groups.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
49
Asfaw, Betelehem. "Ordinance and Space:Hospitality and Communal Spaces in regard to an Ordinance on Religious Buildings in the Case of Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahdo Church in the USA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1617105482471989.
Full text
50
Shimeles, Abebe. "Essays on poverty, risk and consumption dynamics in Ethiopia /." Göteborg: Department of Economics, School of Economics and Commercial Law, Göteborg University, 2006. http://www.handels.gu.se/epc/archive/00004856/01/Abebe%5Ffull.pdf.
Full text