Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éthique et esthétique'
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McKale, Annick. "Wittgenstein, éthique et esthétique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ39056.pdf.
Full textCosta, Georges da. "Éthique et esthétique de l'ironie chez José Rodrigues Miguéis." Phd thesis, Université de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris III, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00721155.
Full textWeber-Maillot, Tatiana. "Le Moyen-Age de Chateaubriand : esthétique, éthique et idéologie." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040121.
Full textStarting from the presupposition that Chateaubriand rehabilitated the Middle Ages, i examine in his work the evolution of two themes which were treated as rather marginal in the 18th century, but then came to fruition in the Romantic period : the Gothic and chivalry. In doing so, I seek to show how the Revolution, which Chateaubriand despised only for its crimes against ancient France, paradoxically made him into the disseminator of a culture to which he had no innate inclination. Central to a gothic imagination which combines imagery from Breton landscapes and arguments from the Gothic revival, the cliché of the gothique sylvestre, an intuitive theory which prevents one from having to think as a specialist, first serves the purpose of a re-sacralization of a profaned cathedral, and then, after 1830, moves towards a romantic aesthetics of profusion and enormity. Parallel to this, as a model of greatness extended to a world of pygmies. But the ruin determines the emotion. If Chateaubriand brings into his "cathedral autobiography" the commited figure of the knight-writer and integrates courtly ethics into his amorous fantasies, the Middle Ages, set at the distance through irony and emptied out by ghostly stagings from the gothic novel, is denounced as a reactionary aesthetics and ideological model. Torn between honor and freedom, the Gothic and the Classic, Chateaubriand finally stops at the Renaissance which , as conveyed in the figures of Chambord and François Ier, carries out the ephemerical fusion of principles and styles and, above all, by letting the past dye peacefully and by preserving the continuity of history, opposes the bloody advent of modernity with the miracle of a painless Revolution
Da, Costa Georges. "Éthique et esthétique de l'ironie chez José Rodrigues Miguéis." Thesis, Paris 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA030058/document.
Full textJosé Rodrigues Miguéis [1901-1980] leaves Portugal in 1935 and, despite several attempts to come back, he spends most of his life in the United States. This exile, mostly due to his political activities against the Salazar regime, will deeply influence his fictional work. Indeed, on the one hand, his ethical concerns as an activist strongly riddle his narratives which very often obey a global literary strategy with an educational intention where classical and satirical irony is a tool of choice. On the other hand, he regularly shows a critical attitude towards the self and towards the real and often stages his doubts and questionings through another irony, romantic and modern, using literary techniques pointing out a reflexive relationship to creation. The paradox constituting any irony – to say at the same time adhesion and detachment – is thus exacerbated by the presence of those two contradictory ironies, often in the same work. This study aims to prove that the particular nature of the Migueisian fiction lies in the simultaneous presence of those two ironies: a fiction considered as a playground characterized by ambiguity, where the writer plays with the conventions of literature, with genres, with the character-narrator-author categories that he tends to mix up all together and, above all, with the autobiographical dimension, which really plays a predominant role. The classical irony and the romantic and modern one then reveal themselves as the two literary faces of the same identitary drama, that of an exiled writer who wishes to be and is, above all, Portuguese
Riffon, Linda. "Esthétique du refus et éthique du sacrifice la force du don." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ61862.pdf.
Full textMaffre, Valérie. "Éthique et esthétique de la tempérance dans l'œuvre de Frances Sheridan." Montpellier 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON30056.
Full textThis thesis analyses the notion of temperance in the work of the British writer Frances Sheridan (1724-1766). Temperance is ambiguous in so far as it corresponds both to some sort of repression of negative excesses and to a golden means. This ambiguity is present throughout Frances Sheridan’s work. First, temperance can be considered as an essential notion in the philosophical debate opposing reason to passion, and more particularly in the eighteenth century, opposing the rationalists to the Moral Sense School. Temperance is also a quality, synonymous with meekness, which women must possess according to the numerous rules of the eighteenth-century conduct books. Women protagonists in Frances Sheridan’s work are characterized by their exemplary submission and their modesty, as regards their domestic duties as well as their erudition. And yet modesty itself is ambiguous when seen as a quality of the feminine body since the notion of sensibility, also much admired in the eighteenth century, promotes a communication and even a staging of emotion. Eventually, the value of temperance can be assessed from a generic point of view, as Frances Sheridan’s work comprises a romance, an oriental tale, two novels and three comedies. Temperance can then be regarded as a frame. It helps to check the hyperbolic style of some of the passages and to control excessive pathos. Even though the role of temperance varies according to the genres, it certainly contributes to establishing the aesthetics of moderation which federates the whole of Frances Sheridan’s work
Kouadio-Bouadou, Kadiatou. "La lettre administrative et l'acte administratif unilatéral à Abidjan - éthique et esthétique communicationnelles." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00665941.
Full textKouadio-Bouadou, N'da Kadiatou. "La lettre administrative et l'acte administratif unilatéral à Abidjan - éthique et esthétique communicationnelles." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STET2132/document.
Full textBetween the tradition of the writing and that of the orality, the formal writing, in Abidjan, is a writing between two. It is located between two cultures that convey an official language to the status legitimated by the constitution and the local languages from four linguistic groups and which , althought not taught, are commonly practiced by the populations. In such a situation diglossia and contrary to practices in french, wich oral, in francophone Africa, highlight a ownership of the French language by the phenomenon of interference lexical, syntactic and additions or truncations, formal writing appears as a document properly written of points of view syntactic and lexical. However, as in any meeting, the contact of the languages affects the behaviour of language speakers. In the framework of the formal writing, speakers take support on the oral devices, better known and better controlled, to build their writing. This device, characterized by an ethic of otherness which makes the talk an art, is a source of strangeness because of its expulsionof standards of the administrative writing. This strangeness reveals an aesthetic discursive particular. Thus, expression of the linguistic identity, administrative writing is also to perceive as the place of interculturality and, the speaker, a boatman favouring the necessary link between people and cultures
Pierre, Schallum. "Le Réalisme Merveilleux de Jacques Stephen Alexis : esthétique, éthique et pensée critique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29973/29973.pdf.
Full textThis thesis has three objectives: first, demonstrate that “Realisme Merveilleux” is an aesthetic and an neuroaesthetic closely linked to the emergence of a literary identity in America, and secondly, conceptualize an ethical thinking from the three novels of Jacques Stephen Alexis that are Compère Général Soleil, Les arbres musiciens and L’espace d’un cillement, and thirdly, locate Jacques Stephen Alexis’s aesthetics in the tradition of critical thinking in Haiti. Through these three approaches, I propose a plural reading of “Realisme Merveilleux” too often reduced only to Socialist realism and Haitian indigenism. This thesis queries the status of concepts such as individuality and community, beauty and ugliness, rational and irrational, imaginary and real, memory and forgetting. It emphasizes on Jacques Stephen Alexis’s aesthetic unity that "rooted in reality and the life "(Alexis). In light of the phenomenology of Michel Henry, Alexis’s aesthetic definition is experience of the self or living reality. The self also raises the question of other. The self acquires its own character with novel, otherness or “merveilleux”. Accordingly, this research demonstrates that ethics of self and the other is the foundation of “Realisme Merveilleux”. Jacques Stephen Alexis’s ethics is a critique of essentialism in thought, whether poetic, philosophical or anthropological. If this thesis seeks to provide a philosophical portrait of Jacques Stephen Alexis’s thinking from a multidisciplinary perspective, it also shows the problems raised by its appearance under the ideological context of the time that order are nationalist, regionalist and internationalist.
Morel, Julie. "Les paradoxes du politique en architecture : Francis Soler, entre éthique et esthétique." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084132.
Full textHow to not think about architecture in cooperation with politic as soon as the current events show how cultural, environmental and socioeconomic reference shifts and engages more than ever the questioning of the common good and the role of everything in each in its participation of the world? By the light of this report, this thesis suggests to identify through the analysis and understanding of the architect Francis Soler the links which unite architecture and politics. The general postulate of this research picks out the paradoxical situation of the links which unites architecture and politic. They convene the ethic as the aesthetic redefining the architect’s practice. Confronted to its environment fall over, the contemporary architect would then have no other choice than strongly changing to its political proposition. Two different research lines are expended. The first one wonders politic as an environment and allows us to evaluate those in power paradox. It relates to creating a debate around the political environment of the architecture, meaning that to identify the game of the actors which sets up the production, or co-production of the architecture in France. The second line wonders the existence of the architecture of politic that is to say the aesthetic modality transcription of the architect’s ethics. Operating a crossing with Hannah Arendt’s thought, Francis Soler’s work is readable through his never ending and repeating process research engaging the creation of always new world. This process questions the politic manufacture modalities of the architectural project, estimating the paradox of democracy
Belzil, Normand Carol-Ann. "La praxis éthique et esthétique de la frivolité dans une production sérieuse." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28081.
Full textBourdeau, Marion. "Espaces et interstices dans l'oeuvre fictionnelle de Colum McCann : éthique et esthétique de l'équilibre." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC033.
Full textThis thesis uses a hybrid theoretical approach mixing cultural geography as well as literature and stylistics in order to study the various spatialities that can be found in Colum McCann’s fictional work. It focuses on the writing of space, place and landscape, as well as on its ethical and aesthetical aspects. It analyses the way representing these spatialities forces the texts to try and find some sense of balance while the realities they describe and the world they were written in are characterised by in-betweenness and hybridity. These notions are at the core of this corpus, which is defined by an impetus that is both irrepressible and kaleidoscopic and that can be defined as a quest for balance in which ethics and aesthetics play a most essential role.The forms those spatialities can take, the bond the characters have created or create with them as well as the way they are inscribed in the contemporary world are analysed. This study also examines the writing of in-betweenness and hybridity, which can be factors of both balance and imbalance. This intermediarity encourages the development of an impulse which means creating dynamic trajectories towards the Other. This impetus interrogates relationships to Art and Otherness, as well as the (im)balance between aesthetics and ethics. It is therefore particularly relevant to scrutinize the latent contradictions between these two poles but also the creative, sometimes even democratic potential of their interactions
Battesti, Jean-Pierre. "Éthique et esthétique du mouvement dans les premières oeuvres d'André Gide (1891-1909)." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100005.
Full textPanaïte, Oana. "La littérature et ses ombres : Invention esthétique et questionnement éthique dans la prose narrative contemporaine." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040091.
Full textThis dissertation presents a critical examination of three major trends in contemporary literature: the biographical imagination, the exhaustion of fiction and the dismantling of narratives. The analysis focuses on the historical and theoretical framework of a new esthetics whose main characteristics are the refusal of the collective manifesto and the emergence of individual poetics as well as an ethics of worldliness manifested in the poetics of memory, the writing of authenticity and the existential foundation of the literary text. Through the comparative reading of works by Pierre Michon, Jean Echenoz and Patrick Chamoiseau, the author scrutinizes the structures of representation, the thematic and stylistic forms which have come to define French and Francophone narrative prose after 1980
Shin, Ji Young. "Éthique et esthétique chez Gilles Deleuze : sources, principes et actualité en comparaison avec l'éthique taoïste." Lyon 3, 2005. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2005_in_shin_jy.pdf.
Full textBruni, Gilles. "Installations paysagères et land art : la conduite créatrice technique, le projet et le comportement éthique." Rennes 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN20017.
Full textDiouf, Abdourahmane. "Esthétique, politique et éthique : la création littéraire dans l’œuvre romanesque de John Steinbeck." Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA3008.
Full textJohn Steinbeck’s works cannot be reduced to a strict aesthetic or ideological categorization. They are often studied at the crossroads of colourful styles that intermingle and clash, in order to grasp the substratum of the work behind its varieties. The challenge of this thesis is to study the link between aesthetics, politics and ethics, starting not from the writer's political positions but from the works themselves, in order to analyze the ways in which these notions can be dynamically and progressively highlighted as the work unfolds over four decades. Moving from the lyrical and picaresque novel to the social novel (particularly Tortilla Flat and the Dust Bowl Novels trilogy: In Dubious Battle, Of Mice and Men and The Grapes of Wrath), John Steinbeck makes it possible for a political critique to be constructed in his work based on a questioning of the linearity of narrative discourse. Like the form of the discourse, the narrative “content” conveys and develops a political vision that substitutes for the American Dream and its utopian “Melting Pot” a more realistic sociopolitical structure in which one perceives “two opposing classes”, by virtue of the system of capitalist domination. Steinbeck reworked the novel genre to develop a providential, humanist and anti-capitalist vision. By testing the notions of plot, protagonist (or “hero”) and temporality, he placed this political critique at the very heart of the writing process, inviting readers to take a fresh look at his more “political” works of the 1930s and 1950s, and at the links between modernism, political engagement and ecology. Although some of his works are radically contested, he has made constant use of the myth of origins. This recourse to the mythical thoughts of the founding American texts acts as a hyphen allowing him to deconstruct literarily the dominant political discourses of his society
Gauthier-Bottet, Martine. "Les soeurs Madeleine ou Les lavoirs de la honte : historique, esthétique et éthique." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STET2143.
Full textThe Foundation of the Good Shepherd was set up by Mother Marie-Euphrasie in the XIX!h century. The specificmission of the order was to take care of the poor, and particularly of women and children, to ease their distress, givethem support and encourage them to make their way back into society. ln the UK, the Good Shepherd institutes were known as Magdalen Asylums, for the biblical figure of Mary Magdalene, a repentant sinner who became a disciple of Christ; the vocation of these Magdalen institutions was to shelter prostitutes and single mothers. They quickly came to specialise in laundry work- a symbolic task, as these women had above all to wash away their sins. During the reign of Queen Victoria, puritanism became more severe, and the figure of Mary Magdalena came to embody the "whore", the "fallen" woman. Three Acts of Parliament were passed to curb the expansion of prostitution and venereal diseases. Il was only in the late 1990s that voices were raised to denounce the abuse and ill-treatment committed in some of these institutions, voices that were soon picked up and amplified in a number of films, and in particular Peter Mullan's The Magdalena Sisters. The aim of this study is to understand why such things happened, and to study the role played by the media in the process of their exposure and to what extent they can be said to make History
Lemoine-Lanot, Bénédicte. "L' univers romanesque de Sylvie Germain : l'imaginaire éthique." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1330.
Full textDubois, Pierre. "L'orgue dans la société anglaise au XVIIIème siècle : éthique et esthétique de la modération." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040200.
Full textChoi, Yun-Joo. "Esthétique de l'absurde, éthique de la révolte : l'inquiétant et l'étrangeté dans l'oeuvre d'Albert Camus." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070047.
Full textReverse to the "roman à thèse", the constituents of which such as the events or characters may be held as a pretext to pass on a message, Camus novels seem to be resulting from a work matured in the long term on the "form" on which the elaborating process of the "sense" lies. In this work, we aim at tracing how such a creating process winds round an underlying unity which may be characterized under three themes - repetition, border line and vacuum - in order to penetrate the aesthetics of the "absurd" and the ethics of the "revolt". To this end, we first intend to assess the way in which those two notions of "absurd and revolt" were embodied in the three mythical characters Sisyphe, Don Giovanni and Prometheus as described in Camus essays : le Mythe de Sisyphe, L'Homme révolté. Thereafter we must question on the narrative structures in the novels - L'Etranger, La Peste et la Chute - to follow up the scriptural dynamics of Camus to the nearest point. Under such approach, we do believe to hear the echo of the "uncanny" a concept elaborated by Freud who, while inquiring the meaning of the feeling of anxiety raises a question which is ours : the main springs of artistic creation
Natij, Salah. "Adab : recherches sur la pensée éthique, esthétique et politique dans la littérature arabe classique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040246.
Full textThis work aims to contribute to the reconstruction and the study of classical Arab thought developed in the field of adab. Note that we say good classical Arabic thought developed in the field of adab, because we believe that if we want to know how the classical Arabic thought had tried to build an ethical and aesthetic vision is in space specific to the adab questions must be sought. This means that it is not in the so-called Islamic philosophy, or in the set up by Islamic moral system it would be possible to find old Arabic ethical vision as had tried to develop and express themselves. Indeed, While classical Arabic thought had and still has something original to bring to the mind and universal cultural thing would not be developed through the Islamic religion moral system, or through discussions by philosophers, but thanks to the ideas developed in the field of adab. Indeed, it is in and through the thought of the classical Arabic adab culture as truly present itself, that is to say, as it speaks to us through the elements that belong to it properly and intrinsically. For if, as is often said, poetry is the Diwān of the Arabs, that is to say, the archive of their traditions and their feelings, adab, he is both their wisdom, ethics and aesthetics
Coudreuse, Anne. "Tentation et refus du pathos dans la littérature française du XVIIIe siècle : esthétique, éthique, réception." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081318.
Full textThis survey of pathos in 18th century french literature is chiefly concerned with esthetical and ethical matters, as well as with the way they are re-interpreted in the 20th century. Through the reading of a sample of pathetic texts, a definition of pathos itself is envisaged : the word is applicable to whatever technique likely to raise emotion in the reader. The background to this study is thus multiple and ranges from rhetorics to the history of representation. Along with lexicological research, theoretical works of the period, such as those of abbe du bos, marmontel and chamfort, contribute to assert the importance of pathos in the whole 18th century production, especially in the fields of narration and drama. Pathos is somewhat of a melting pot of different esthetical forms and genres. It is a test for language and the body, through which new sexual identities become revealed, since not only women were then allowed to weep. Pathos systematically tends to involve the reader. Although lachrimose writing may be a taste peculiar to the siecle des lumieres, the fact remains that the shedding of tears is, in most cases, politically oriented, as witness its prevalence in legal proceedings or libertine novels. Yet, the seduction of pathos sometimes gives way to rejection. It is then dismissed as mere obscenity, and heavily mocked by parodic and ironic authors. A study of elegy and pathos in chenier's poetry, as well as a number of texts never republished since the 18th century (coqueley de chaussepierre, cubieres, bordes) will be found in the annex
Bernier, Stéphanie. "Pourquoi la fiction? : la fiction dans l'écriture concentrationnaire de Jorge Semprun et d'Imre Kertész : une question éthique et esthétique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6492.
Full textGouverneur, Sophie. "Prudence et subversion libertines : politique, éthique, esthétique chez François de La Mothe Le Vayer, Gabriel Naudé et Samuel Sorbière." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040062.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to combine general philosophical research (on moral and politics virtue of prudence) and research in the history of philosophy (on the status of libertinage in the seventeenth century). Thus, our study deals with the function of the concept of prudence in the works of three seventeenth-century French libertines : François de La Mothe Le Vayer, Gabriel Naudé, and Samuel Sorbière. Starting with a preliminary question that challenges the dominant historiographic thesis (why should the critical thinking of the libertines stop where the politic begin ?), our purpose is to demonstrate how these authors put forward a form of politically subversive thought, and hence libertine, in so far as they divert the explicit meaning of the "raison d'Etat" discourse, though a theorizing and a use of prudence. Indeed, from their perspective, prudence is both an object of thought (as the political art of deception and ethical art of deceit) and a writing process which subverts the opponent's discourse. The successive analysis of the multiple aspects of prudence, with its political implications (inherited from Machiavel), ethical implications (inherited from classical philosophy and from Montaigne), and aesthetic implications (inherited from the persecution libertinage), will lead to a clearer understanding of these authors' complex political thought, and, from a more general point of view, allow to reflect on the very polemic category called "libertinage" (what is its coherence in the seventeenth century and what is its relation with philosophy?)
Williams-Wanquet, Eileen. "Éthique de la métafiction : éléments pour un postréalisme en littérature anglaise." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00757023.
Full textLes discours critiques ayant constaté l'existence, en littérature anglaise, surtout à partir des années 1980, d'un type de roman qui effectue un retour au monde après les expérimentations formelles de l'avant-garde " postmoderniste " dite " autonome ", j'ai voulu, dans cette synthèse, cerner avec plus de précision les contours de cette nouvelle forme à laquelle je m'intéresse depuis ma thèse. Celle-ci portait sur les douze premiers romans d'Anita Brookner, et a été suivie d'un ouvrage qui ouvre le corpus aux vingt-et-un romans alors publiés (1981-2002), tout en les abordant sous un autre angle. Mes autres travaux portent sur : les romans de Penelope Lively (1977-2003) ; Wide Sargasso Sea (1966) de Jean Rhys, comme reprise de Jane Eyre (1847) de Charlotte Brontë ; Boating for Beginners (1985) de Jeanette Winterson, qui reprend l'épisode biblique de l'Arche et du Déluge; The Wild Girl (1984) de Michèle Roberts, qui se présente comme un " cinquième évangile "; Indigo (1992) de Marina Warner, comme révision de The Tempest (1611-12) de Shakespeare; The Rape of Sita (1993) de Lindsey Collen, conçu comme une réécriture d'un épisode de l'épopée du Ramayana.
Ces romans font partie de ce qui a été appelé " l'explosion des métafictions historiographiques des années 1980 ", ou encore le " retour à l'éthique des années 1990 ". En effet, ils représentent un type de roman essentiellement paradoxal par son curieux mélange d'autoréflexivité et d'historicité, conjuguant les jeux formels de l'avant-garde " postmoderniste " (située à partir de 1960) et la fonction morale et sociale du roman réaliste des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles. Le terme " postréalisme " a l'avantage de signifier l'époque visée, tout en plaçant cette catégorie de romans dans le droit-fil du réalisme. Pour comprendre l'émergence de ce type de fiction, il m'a fallu remonter le cours du temps et me demander pourquoi les techniques narratives du " réalisme " avaient dû changer pour dire le monde. J'ai été amenée à poser la question des fondements philosophiques du roman, genre qui, à mon avis, ne saurait être étudié indépendamment d'un contexte socio-historique qui le conditionne (sans toutefois le déterminer) et dont il contribue à façonner les valeurs.
La synthèse se divise en trois chapitres. Le premier prolonge les travaux que j'ai consacrés à la réflexion philosophique qu'offrent les romans de Brookner. Je les interprète ici comme illustrant l'impasse rencontrée par le " texte réaliste classique ", qui serait né avec la " modernité ", en tant que notion historique (dont les origines remontent à la Renaissance) et nouvelle " attitude " ou " vision du monde ", caractérisée par une sécularisation de la pensée. Le roman résulterait d'un désir de retrouver l'harmonie perdue entre l'individu et le monde -- la mimésis est en fait muthos, tentative pour imposer un sens à une réalité discordante. Mais, lorsque le projet de " modernité " des Lumières, avec ses notions de " sujet kantien autonome " raisonnablement maître de sa vie et d'une réalité universelle extérieure -- fondées sur la primauté du " signifié transcendantal " (la présence pleine) sur le " signifiant " (le langage) -- est remis en question, le roman " réaliste " perd les présupposés philosophiques dont découlent ses caractéristiques formelles. Vouloir remplacer le terme " postmodernisme " par " postréalisme " pour situer tout un pan du roman dans l'histoire de la littérature anglaise m'a conduite à distinguer plus nettement philosophie et esthétique et clarifier des termes dont l'emploi reste parfois flou.
Ainsi, le deuxième chapitre présente le " postmodernisme " (ou l'esthétique " postmoderniste ") des années 1960 comme représentant l'exacerbation des jeux formels du " modernisme " (ou esthétique " moderniste ") des années 1910 à 1930, qui prenait le contre-pied du " postréalisme ". " Modernisme " et " postmodernisme " seraient tous deux une réponse à la remise en cause " postmoderne " de l'" attitude moderne ", qui se préparait déjà dès le milieu du XIXe siècle, se manifeste surtout avec le structuralisme des années 1960 et 1970, et aboutit à l'inversion pure et simple du modèle de pensée binaire des Lumières : lorsque le signifiant vient à primer sur le signifié, les notions de sujet et de réalité sont invalidées et le texte " postmoderniste " se retire du monde pour ne se référer qu'à lui-même. Alors que les esthétiques " réaliste ", " moderniste " et " postmoderniste " se situeraient toutes à l'intérieur d'un système de pensée fondé sur des oppositions binaires, l'esthétique " postmoderniste " signalant la fin de l'" attitude moderne ", le " postréalisme " serait la forme privilégiée d'une nouvelle " attitude ", véritablement " postmoderne ", qui tente alors de se libérer d'un mode de pensée binaire, de conjuguer signifié et signifiant, de réconcilier le sujet cartésien (qui se fonde lui-même) et la tradition nietzschéenne (qui le réduit à un simple effet linguistique). Mais, si le roman veut retrouver son rôle politique après la " mort de l'auteur " et la remise en cause de l'existence d'une réalité objective universelle, il doit trouver une nouvelle façon de commenter le monde.
Le troisième chapitre pose la question de la forme que prend le " postréalisme " pour dire le monde, alors que le " réalisme " a été invalidé. Les notions d'auteur et de mimésis étant indissociables de celles de sujet et de réalité, philosophes et critiques littéraires se rejoignent dans les années 1980 pour ressusciter l'auteur comme " fonction du texte ", réintroduire la notion d'intention, et redéfinir la réalité comme mise en intrigue idéologique du monde. Les outils théoriques de " décontextualisation ", de " recontextualisation " et de " resignification " se sont avérés cruciaux pour comprendre le fonctionnement de ce type de texte, dont j'essaie de dégager quelques caractéristiques en m'appuyant sur mon corpus de thèse et d'articles.
La " métafiction " (fiction sur la fiction) est reconnue comme une constante de la littérature britannique contemporaine. Une intertextualité foisonnante indique la présence de textes antérieurs, la relation transtextuelle privilégiée étant l'hypertextualité comme transformation parodique. La réécriture d'un hypotexte, comme répétition avec différence, représente en fait un dialogue entre muthoi : l'hypertexte reprend les personnages et événements de l'hypotexte et les réorganise selon une nouvelle mise en intrigue du monde. C'est donc la fameuse " autonomie " de l'écrit qui lui rend son rôle politique. Si le monde est mis en intrigue par le langage, il peut être réécrit selon une nouvelle vision du monde. Ces textes sont enracinés non seulement dans un autre texte, mais aussi dans le monde. L'ancrage spatio-temporel est double : des références à des personnages et événements historiques " contextualisent " l'hypotexte dans un passé empirique qui lui est contemporain ; divers procédés " réalistes " situent l'hypertexte dans un autre univers contemporain qui est le sien. Il s'agit, en effet, d'une " décontextualisation ", puis d'une " recontextualisation " de mêmes faits, qui, arrachés en amont à leur contexte d'origine, sont réorganisés selon un nouveau point de vue -- étant ainsi " resignifiés " -- et renvoyés comme " contre-interpellation " au monde en aval, appelant au changement. Ces réécritures " postréalistes " portent toutes sur des textes qui font partie du patrimoine culturel de la culture occidentale " moderne ", traitent des questions fondamentales de prise de possession de soi, des autres, du monde et véhiculent l'idéologie dominante. En posant la question éthique de la " vie bonne ", de ce qui pourrait être, en redistribuant les positions de chacun, les réécritures " postréalistes " sont à la fois répétition et rature, révisant toute l'" attitude " de la " modernité ".
Bastien, Stephane. "De l'expérience esthétique à la visée éthique: Variations sur l'identité, l'art et la vie bonne Ricoeur, Dewey, Emerson." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29195.
Full textMargossian, Cecile. "Mode et littérature au vingtième siècle : une éthique de l'esthétique." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040220.
Full textPeople have always been prejudiced regarding fashion, considering it as a shallow activity, whereas its consequences on human fates are quite obvious. Moreother, clothes trigger social behaviours, fashion shares this role with many others creative activities such as literature, art and cinema. This thesis will try to enlighten the relationship between fashion and art, and mostly literature. If we think fashion in terms of style and language, we will attempt to explain the proximity between fashion and art, and furthermore identify the demarche of the fashion designer and the one of the artist or the writer. For that sake, we will first see fashion through the twentieth century literature and chronicles. Then we will notice the links between fashion and art whether it is inspiration or collaboration. Eventually, after having adopted an historical point of view regarding dandyism and aestheticism, and rich of some psychological, sociological, linguistic and philosophical analysis, we will attempt to think an ethic of aestheticism
Beuvelet, Olivier. "De la "finestra" à l'"image-fente" . Éthique et esthétique du cadre à partir du "Décalogue" de Krzysztof Kieslowski." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030111/document.
Full textWhat is a frame? What is seeing? What is giving to see? Taking a sequence of Decalogue:VIII as a starting point and after having reminded the importance of the albertinian finestra model as origin of the image in painting, photography and cinema, the thesis explores its handling by Kieślowski in The Decalogue.To begin with, this is done by putting into relation the polyptych project with the Mosaic Decalogue. From there we follow the stake of the second commandment — as a ghost-commandment— to see how it makes up as the root-commandment. Camera Buff is dealt with and studied by means of this commandment being brought into play. Kieślowski’s Artist life is seen in the light of its cinematographic quest of the real inside the picture and of its ethical course. Next, I explore how the frame can be considered as a figure of the Letter. This is when a dialectic of the finestra and of the fessura crops up, where the visual expression of the conflict between the scopic drive and its ethical strain can be observed. I then set about a phenomenology of the image slit inside The Decalogue, taking the pattern ofthe slit to explore the image slit as a visual apparatus and then as a metadiscursive figure.It then becomes a heuristic concept about which I explore the opening structure and then its passage functionality to follow on with the measure of the relation to the origin and finally the primary object dimension.The heuristic concept of image slit may possibly have allowed to underline the unconscious desire of bonding with the origin which the albertinian finestra possesses within itself under the form of the fessura which haunts and distorts it
Guay, Isabelle. "Éthique et activité esthétique : la philosophie dans le labyrinthe des Jeux de concepts, une œuvre sur ordinateur de Gilbert Boss." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26791/26791.pdf.
Full textCoste-Rooryck, Yolande. "Le réalisme militant dans le "Tableau de Paris" et le "Nouveau Paris" de Louis-Sébastien Mercier : une tentative de révolution esthétique et éthique." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5012.
Full textThe Picture of Paris and The New Paris, before and after the historical cut of French Revolution, compose a unique diptych that reflects a colourful capital ; but Mercier also wanted to show the misery, willing to reach possibly the leaders of the country ( particularly in the first picture) to make them " realize " what was really happening in the everyday life. He had clearly a political and moral aim. He set up a brandnew technic for observing, combining two necessities, convince and " make true ". This militant realism came also as a result of rejecting the academic litterature, and an ideal of democratic litterature that is to be related to the underlying realism in the novels and theater pieces at the time. Mercier provides a large range of styles, from comic to touching, and sometimes uses vehemence and visions. But reality very often is far from the philosophical ideal, so that Mercier always has to juggle with them both, what is not very conclusive
Kim, Simon. "Une éthique de la création : Une étude sur les nouvelles de Kim Tong-in." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070023.
Full textThis thesis examines the underlying aesthetical project behind the short stories of Kim Tong-in (1900-1951), an author who meant to create a modern Korean literature marking a beak with literary traditions. Using the dogma of literay trends in vogue at that time in a Korea under Japanese colonial rule, we intend to draw the originality and specificity of the aesthetical and literary project of Kim Tong-in. Against most critics and specialists of the Korean literature of that era, we look at his literary project as fully part of its historical and political context, carried out under the sign of a quest for a lost national identity
Métaux, Sandra. "La désinvolture : Esthétique et éthique de l'art (de vivre) postmoderne. L'art contemporain italien au regard de la "Sprezzata desinvoltura" de Baldassar Castiglione." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU1001/document.
Full textItaly, the cradle of Castiglione’s sprezzata desinvoltura, is undoubtedly the country where the ambiguous relationship between art, politics and media is the strongest. The Italian pavilion of the Venice Biennale in 2009 and 2011 illustrates the complex game of appearances, which are “making worlds" or "lighting up nations." Reading again the history of art through the prism of Castiglione’s concept, the thesis shows us that the world (of art) is itself the effect of this “disinvoltura” ambivalence. Far from having subjugate art to their concepts, the great men, whether kings, philosophers or businessmen are the effects of this casualness (“desinvoltura”) of art. Like Monsieur Jourdain, they would make art without knowing it. Exit Machiavelli! It is now urgent to think this "ruse of art" that leads the world. These are the fundamental stakes of this thesis, that basing itself on the Nietzschean eternal return schema, distinguishes several casualness figures, historical, philosophical and aesthetic
Mungly, Firdaus Hanaa. "La vertu de l'art contemporain : potentialités d’une approche éthique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H320.
Full textContemporary art has long been the cause of incredulity among members of the public who fail to recognize the value of such works that convey, seemingly, more the idea of an offense than that of greatness. “Great” they sure are, by size, but what about the value? The brazen pieces sometimes stand as the paragon of immorality, but the question still remains as to whether artworks should be considered from a moral standpoint. For several decades (if not centuries, considering Plato’s and Aristotle’s view on the matter) the subject has indeed been rife among thinkers who apply criterions that somewhat fail, in regard to art’s freedom, particularly in this era. Protected by laws, contemporary art is furthermore displaced in a domain to which it cannot answer, by virtue of its apparent “autonomy”: its legal status fails to explain its perceived moral value by society. This research aims to examine the possibility of an ethical approach to artworks, whilst looking into the common designation of the “value of art”. What is the latter, and what does an ethical approach to art entail pertaining to it? This thesis supports the claim that art’s value is faith, and the ensuing ethical approach, philosophy. The greatest paradox of the contemporary artwork, as an ontological phenomenon of thought, then manifests itself as being that of the “faith” in doubt, philosophical reasoning providing art as a subject for greater political awareness through thinking
Courapied, Romain. "Le traitement esthétique de l'homosexualité dans les oeuvres décadentes face au système médical et légal : accords et désaccords sur une éthique de la sexualité." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20038/document.
Full textBy the end of the 19th century, medicine overwhelmingly took hold of the homosexual phenomenon, basing itself on new findings related to psychopathology. Not only were characters physically identified thanks to a series of so-called scientific criteria, but they were also analysed through mental mapping. Although the aim of the classification of sexual behaviours was to cure rather than punish, the practices of sexual minorities were still stigmatized. As far as the judiciary system was concerned, French laws were considered to be quite lenient in so far as homosexual relationships had no longer been regarded as offences since the 1810 penal code. Nevertheless, the distorted use of the affront to public decency enabled to control people's behaviours and, by the end of the century, an increase of the trials focusing on cases of indecent exposure could be noticed. Our work, that definitely ascribes itself within the field of Gender Studies and Queer theory, is first and foremost epistemological and seeks to analyze how a body of expertise about homosexuality emerged in the second half of the 19th century, through the medical corpus that turned out to be prevalent in the studies that were conducted then, as well as through both legal and literary texts, although they were quite overlooked then. Our analyses also pertain to the history of representations, as we offer to define the aesthetics of decadence by adding a signifier: homosexuality. Finally, we also plan on scrutinizing texts by relying on three main themes that are meant to emphasize the decadent use of a homotextuality : the symbol of flowers, the figure of the androgyne and the myth of Narcissus
Rebaï, Elyssa. "Esthétique et poétique des jardins : entre art et science, parcours et discours dans la fiction sandienne." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL007.
Full textThis thesis entitled "esthetic and poetic of gardens: between art and science, path and speech in Sandian fiction" aims to study the place of garden especially in novels, tales and short stories of George Sand. The challenge of this research is to prouve that the garden for Sand is not just a backdrop, an element of flourish, or a pure topic. In contrast, it takes on a considerable scale in the author's work, even becoming a speculative object able to rethink genres and esthetics at the same time and generating rich reflections related to art (painting, architecture, drawings) and science (botany, ecology, horticulture, mineralogy) in the 19th century. The garden occupies a prominent place in the work of Sand due to its various diegetic, poetic and symbolic functions within the diegesis, but also because of its aptitude to be a pathway within which the walker can promise himself various pleasures and evolutions. The garden becomes in that way, a complete world by itself, a rich and impactful place, a veritable crucible of signs and meanings that the author uses to convey her ideology, her esthetic preferences, her intimate thoughts, her idealism, as well as her life philosophy
Souchet, Audrey. "La représentation du baiser dans les romans de Mary Shelley : pour une éthique du corps." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN1717.
Full textMary Shelley’s work as a novelist is best known for her first novel, Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus (1818). This novel shows strong, graphic scenes which have had a deep impact on modern society’s imagination. One of the most striking scenes in Frankenstein is the moment when Victor gives a kiss to his cousin, who is also his fiancée, while having a nightmare, because this kiss kills Elizabeth and turns her into the corpse of Victor’s dead mother. It seems that the erotic kiss as a literary motif played a decisive role in the making of Mary Shelley as a novelist because it appears in the first drafts of Frankenstein, whose content, as we know, was heavily modified until the novel was published. The project underlying this study consists in displacing this aesthetic hypothesis and applying it to the other six novels which Mary Shelley wrote and which have been almost completely eclipsed by Frankenstein: the kiss as a literary motif will then be considered as a metaphor for the making of the woman writer. If the literary kiss can be considered as a motif belonging to the philosophical categories of aesthetics and eroticism, what can the kiss as it appears in the work of a female writer indicate about this writer’s relation to the conceptual categories of her time? As Mary Shelley’s novels suggest that aesthetics and eroticism as they are conceived by modern society are no longer productive, and as they reinvest the meaning of the literary kiss with an ethic of caring for the body of the other, bringing these novels together will help rediscover a writer’s vision of literature, her vision of Man, and most of all our own vision of what literature is about
Mouret, Magali. "LʼIntime littéraire et photographique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040078.
Full textThis thesis presents a semantic notion of the intimate attempting to limit its scope. It explains how the meanings of theword "intimate" fluctuate throughout history, thereby moving the boundaries and challenging the opposition between thepublic and private spheres, between the individual and the collective, and between the personal and the universal. Thistheoretical development is intended to consider how the intimate is both the source and purpose of art. The works ofAnnie Ernaux and Chloe Delaume analyzed here can illustrate how the intimate shapes a literary text ; the works ofSophie Calle and Nan Goldin show the special relationship between the intimate, sometimes the text, and photography.The verbal and the iconic languages are examined to determine how the style of the work is imbued with the intimatesphere. Beyond the risk or provocation it entails, we see how the work intimate is deeply rooted in time with a specialrelationship with memory. It is also about showing how the intimate art is a struggle for existence, for being recognizedas art. The concepts of value and effect as part of a theory of reception, illuminate this debate. Finally, this thesis isinterested in discovering how the art of the intimate severs from former ethics to build a new one. The purpose of thisstudy is also to define the outline of an aesthetics of intimacy, rekindling issues of realism, beauty, and the sublime
Sattler, Henri. "La Voix de l'orgue entre devotio et suavitas : paradigme d'une poétique sonore de la foi : théologie, éthique et esthétique dans la praxis de l'organiste catholique français entre le Concile de Trente et aujourd'hui." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20001.
Full textIn the Lent sermon he gave in the church of Notre-Dame of Paris on February 21st, 1999, the Rev. Jean-Robert Armogathe reminded his audience that the sound of the organ gives us a most creditable access to the sacred by enabling our senses to experience transcendency both rationally and emotionally : by accompanying our meditations, organ music leads us into te very mystery of the Divine, which, according to the New Testament, ignores the powerful and only unveils itself to its humbler servants. Thus, ever since the early days of Christianity, the organ has been endowed with both a theologal and mystagogic function. The method of allegory, founded by Origen and Tertullian and illustrated first by the French school of spirituality (Olier, Grimaud, Thomassin), then by the Catholics of the Romantic period (Lamennais, d'Ortigue, Chateaubriand), legitimates the presence of the organ in the sanctuary and specifies the role it is to play in the ceremonial scene. Indeed, such an instrument does provide our senses with a representation of the invisible realities of the Christian kerygma, as the multiplicity of its pipes, the wind blown out by its bellows, and its prolonged sounds evoke respectively the communion of the Saints, the breath of the Holy Spirit and the eternity of God. The organ is a sacramental sign, according to Jean-Yves Hameline, has to do with the poetics of faith itself. As a response to the crisis of liturgy created by the latest decisions of the Council, this study proposes to retrace what the Roman Catholic church expects from its musicians, by giving grounds for a new appraisal of the part the organ plays in the "ecology of sound" of celebrations. What criteria -be they either theological, rhetorical or stylistic- should therefore be taken into account to decide whether an instrument or a repertoire is fit to take part in the celebration of the Catholic ritual ? And how has this question influenced the praxis of the French organists since the Council of Trento ?
Laborde, Paul. "La poésie aveugle : pour une éthique pragmatique de la lecture." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040032.
Full textOne can’t approach a text without a series of presupposed knowledge determining the idea one makes about language, meaning, text, literature, the writer and reading. A whole ensemble of unformulated ideas influences the experience of the text one can have. Then, an image of what literature is or supposed to be operates secretly in the reader’s mind - limiting the spectrum of experiences. We believe that image proceeds from a certain critical science, successor of a philosophical tradition enhancing knowledge above all. Literature is then enslaved by the cognitive project of the community. We wished to propose a new way of approaching the text - so we could unbridle the possible connections to it. A pragmatic and empiric approach more concerned by the ethical and existential benefit of the literature encounter than by a conceptual understanding of what the work may be. Not wondering what the text means but what one can do with it. We studied the relationship between three poets (Artaud, Michaux, du Bouchet) and painting, trying to demonstrate that their relation to language is asking for a new way of reading (concerned with perceptive and affective consequences). Our thesis is both criticizing a certain dominant perspective on literature (conventionalism, hermeneutic, phenomenology...) and proposing by the means of different angles (philosophers, painters, poets, judaic tradition...) a new field of experience
Labarta, Gaëlle. "Le discours critique et ses valeurs : Une éthique des vertus discursives à partir de quelques polémiques en littérature française contemporaine." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131046.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to know if the fictional literature benefited from a particular regime of ethical and aesthetic acceptability of the speeches. Like any published text, literature is subject to the law, but it is also subject to individual manifestations of approval or indignation that the polemical contexts forcefully bring to light. I have adopted a bi-disciplinary approach that combines the literary discourse analysis with the ethics of discursive virtues. This allows me to integrate the ethical parameter into a linguistic study focused on literature. The controversial discursive events were the ideal place to see the emergence of metadiscours expressing a value judgment. . I have therefore compiled a reference corpus reflecting sixteen years of literary controversy (between 2000 and 2015) that provide an overview of the main reasons for the unacceptability of literary discourse : privacy, plagiarism, sexuality, religions and history. I have sought to capture contemporary critical discourse by associating folk literary criticism with established literary criticism. The development of Web 2.0 has has brought out contemporary forms that I associated with the study. I tried to identify the foundation of the values that these metadiscours expose: aesthetics, tradition, ethics and pleasure, all forming an ethics of the virtues of contemporary literary discourse. Then I studied how these discourses on values are constructed and perpetuated through purist discourse, literary lineages, autonymic modalization, or generalizing assertions that define the literary. All this forms networks that cannot be generalized and that show the plasticity and the subjectivity of these values/anti-values that commentators actualize by appropriating contemporary literary discourse
Perzo, Laurianne. "Critiquer et enchanter le monde par le théâtre pour la jeunesse : exigences éthiques et esthétiques du répertoire dramatique contemporain." Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0002.
Full textFrench theatre for young people has an increasing repertoire which explore children’s relationship with the world in an ethic and aesthetic context. This repertoire is a grouping of text which use a lot of different themes and which renew theatre in general. It also questions the message transmission from the author to the young addressee. Then, we think that addressing children may determine the writer artistic work. The double bind is very large with dramatic literature for young people. Indeed, it seems so important for authors not to hurt in a manner the addressee who is child-sensitive while plays they write deal with hard reality. And this in order to raise children awareness towards society and to suggest them to act in the world. The author engages his responsibility and his texts offer rich readings of the world. On one hand he faces the youth audience with broad society issues while on the other hand he wants to assert the sanctity of childhood. Several detour are used to enable them to read the world in its tragic aspects. Playwrights use childhood as a moral, social and political subject to condemn the problems of the modern world with children characters. When the child is present as a character it is often to criticize the society and to question human nature. However, plays are optimistic. It is precisely the specificity of childhood that uses the first detour to expose an unfortunate reality. Childhood is also use as a possibility to offer a worldview. Even if the authors present some dreadful situations, their creations are nice and understandable. It talks about important things of our present and one of its main purpose is to bring enjoyment. In introducing « aesthetics of resiliency » with children characters who are clinging to life and survive in spite of hard situations, young people theatre show its capacity to transform violence and enchant people’s lives : characters’ lives and even maybe readers’ lives. It is a crossover theatre because readers are simultaneously old or young and everyone seems to find some answer inside this literature. Indeed, childhood is a writing process therefore these texts might concern everyone. Childhood would be a personal and an universal value. Young people theater is therefore intergenerational. In short, the aim of this thesis was to examine the theatrical writing for young people and to examine the relation of the artists with the reality. This writing reveal the reality of the world and give a voice to what cannot be expressed itself – infans – revealing those oppression or injustice situations. A poetic of childhood spread though this theatre
Nunes, Renata Aguiar. "Procedimentos, matéria, efeitos: ética e estética nos contos de Lima Barreto." www.teses.ufc.br, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/8120.
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A crítica em torno da obra de Lima Barreto apresentou um importante avanço nas últimas décadas, ao adotar uma postura mais coerente com os princípios éticos e estéticos assumidos pelo escritor. Com um projeto criador dissonante dos preceitos literários que o cercavam, Lima foi rechaçado pela crítica literária de sua época, cujas concepções literárias se chocavam com as suas. Apenas a partir dos anos 70, estudos desenvolvidos por Antonio Arnoni Prado (1989) e Osman Lins (1976) passaram a apresentar um novo olhar sobre os elementos que constituem a obra desse autor, sobretudo no que tange aos seus romances. Entretanto, os contos, importante parcela da obra barretiana, não receberam a devida atenção por parte da crítica, demandando estudos que lhes esclareçam a constituição e a relação com o propósito ético e estético do escritor. Tais textos apresentam a mesma postura crítica e concepção de forma que se destaca nos seus romances, sendo esta caracterizada por uma estrutura extensiva e solta. Se, para o gênero romanesco, a falta de unidade que subjaz a esse tipo de ordenação poderia representar um entrave na constituição de uma forma literária válida, tratando-se de uma narrativa curta, como o conto, a questão tornar-se-ia ainda mais complexa. A fim de denunciar e propor reflexões acerca das problemáticas que compunham o cenário da Primeira República, Lima submete a forma de seus contos à matéria e aos efeitos visados, desprendendo-se de modelos fixos. Dessa maneira, verifica-se que a estética e a matéria dos contos do autor seguem um caminho contrário não só aos padrões cultivados pelos escritores e intelectuais aclamados no início do século XX, mas também aos pressupostos defendidos por renomados teóricos do gênero, como Poe e Cortázar. Acredita-se que a composição dos contos de Lima Barreto está ligada ao seu projeto ético e estético, o qual tem por escopo a ruptura com os padrões literários vigentes em sua época somada ao conhecimento crítico e à denúncia de mazelas referentes ao início do período republicano. Diante disso, esta pesquisa investiga, nos contos barretianos, os elementos internos que os constituem e as suas relações com o propósito ético e estético que norteia o trabalho do escritor, a fim de evidenciar a intrínseca ligação entre os procedimentos literários empregados na composição dos contos, os efeitos visados a partir de sua organização e a matéria representada.
Kim, Hyun-hee. "La figure de l'artiste et le rôle de l'art dans les romans de Romain Gary." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20017.
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Bouyer, Eve. "La restauration non-illusionniste de la céramique :vers un protocole décisionnel." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/281415.
Full textSince the restoration of heritage is best known in its illusionist dimension, the research focuses on its lesser-known counterpart: non-illusionism, which corresponds to a desire to let the spectator detect the presence of restorations with the naked eye.This thesis includes the commented illustration of numerous case studies, which highlights the vastness of the range of visual possibilities for non-illusionist restoration of ceramics. Given the vastness of this range, choosing one of many visual options can be complex. Through the corpus of illustrated case studies, a historico-cultural perspective on practices and a critical approach of multiple parameters influencing decision-making, the purpose of this thesis is to help stakeholders establish a decision-making protocol, by helping them to be more aware of the ethical issues, the aesthetic impact and the cultural significance of their choices regarding restoration.
Doctorat en Art et Sciences de l'Art
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Goursat, Juliette. "Mises en « je » : autobiographie et film documentaire." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0056.
Full textTaking into account the fact that, in spite of its relatively recent expansion, very few books have offered an overall study on filmic autobiography, this thesis is dedicated to the analysis of films in which a convergence between documentary and autobiography can be observed, in order to delimit a coherent corpus, we will focus our attention on films that record filmmakers' lives, place them in the fore-ground, privilege sync-sound conversations, encourage "documentarizing reading," and inscribe themselves in a tradition linked to direct cinema and cinema-vcritc. What do autobiography and documentary reveal about each other? and about personal identity? How does the interaction of these two ideas lead to their reinvention? After tracing the theoretical and practical beginnings of autobiographical documentaries, my thesis examines a large body of films (by Agnès Varda, Ross McElwee, Dominique Cabrera, Ed Pincus, David Perlov, Alain Cavalier, Jonathan Caouette, Johan van der Keuken. . . ) from four angles: enunciation, narration, rhetoric, and ethics. All these films appear as a field of fertile tensions, laboratories in which filmmakers trouble documentary as a practice and set of conventions, criticize their lives and the institutions that underpin them, link ways of viewing and being, and promote a "care of the self” (Foucault) and an ipseite based on the model of "the promise kept" (Ricoeur), striving for transformation of oneself and others
Lengyel, David. "Pour une éthique du cinéma : esquisse d'une théorie du cinéma d'après l'oeuvre d'Emmanuel Levinas." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030162.
Full textCan I believe what I see ? This question occurs in religion, science and art. As if pulling a camera's focus could measure the distance between justice and justness. Actually, is there any ethics of creation in cinema questioned from a filmmaker's inner motivation, as well as from the possibilities of transcription of such an experience ? If so, are ethics always directed by prior political involvement ? Or by another type of instruction ? This thesis in film studies asks these questions and confronts some of the most demanding and multi-leveled films by great authors with the key notions of E. Levinas (1906-1995), one of the most important French philosophers in the 20th century. Reading closely the thinker's oeuvre, his criticism of Heidegger's unveiling, this thesis offers a detailed analysis of Solaris, Werckmeister Harmonies and Zelig. Step by step, they reveal their deep-rooted affinities with each other, even though they do not all belong to the same period, style or genre. They are also connected to metaphysics in an innovative way. Both, seeking for the other and thinking of God, represent main points in this exposé without referring to holy images
Kim, Seong Jae. "Six regards sur la master-classe de piano : phénoménologie et sémiotique de la rencontre musicale." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0149.
Full textIn this thesis, I suggest new ways of grasping the affective dimension of musical experience that which traditional semiotics and musicology take little into account. Inspired by a dynamistic modelling approach –which developed from the 1960s and since then has been influential in the domain of semiolinguistic disciplines–, I sketch out the fluctuating phases of semiogenesis within the field of piano masterclasses. The term ‘semiogenesis’ here, is taken in a broad sense, encompassing any deployment of sign-forms, either vague or articulated, diffused or well-defined. Such forms are conceived as being strained between expressiveness and normativity. They are also valorized in that they call the subject to participate in his or her own ‘lines of life’ which, in turn, may come to exist by those forms. A piano masterclass is given by a genuine master to highly accomplished students, both who truly testify to their own lives, to their own ways of ethical feeling, in the search for a unique musical praxis.In recent years, the field of masterclass has begun to attract the attention of the scientific community, especially in areas related to musical teaching and experience, such as psychology, aesthetics and epistemology or even sociology. Yet it is still suboptimal that most of the problems adopted in these frameworks incorporate nothing or so little in terms of the metamorphosis of sensitivity and the play of musical feeling in the characterization of their research objects.Nevertheless, the field of piano masterclass seems to be a particularly interesting and promising object of research in that the horizon of affect is preeminent in all the semiotic activities tied to it. Thus, I have attended several masterclasses in order to closely follow the praxis of the musicians (e.g., active and passive participation in masterclasses, audiovisual recordings, interviews, conversations and debates on music, etc.), in the spirit of making all its genetic depth to the semiotic activity, by approaching it under the perspective of an encountering and an orientation of musical sensibilities. One of the main tasks of my approach in the designing of the descriptions of this particular musical praxis consists in understanding the acoustic, gestural and linguistic phenomena, as giving birth to semiogenetic conditions of the constitution of a musical meaning. In this way, it is a fundamentally descriptive method, inspired by philosophical (Shaftesbury, Kierkegaard, Wittgenstein, Merleau-Ponty) and semiotic (Peirce, Saussure) minds, which joins the semiotic preoccupation from the very initial levels of a microgenesis, and by promoting it immediately into a hermeneutical and existential phenomenology.The perceptive and semiogenetic issues of musical sensitivity allow us to remodel the notion of a musical motive, understood both as a motive-of-praxis and as an existential-motive. I tried to grasp the idea of a certain listening of the musical praxis by finding there a constant passage between an ethical perception, and the search –through the playing of the music and its motives–, for a musical personality engaged in the musical praxis. Such conceptions on motive and personality proved to be fruitful to the extent that they make it possible to suggest a certain ethic of musical feeling, without reducing it to a skill, a psychology or a ritual. I have thus managed to redefine the notion of a musical ‘sign’ by playing up on the 'motival' horizon of this semiotic activity, understood – in the formal and sensitive nature of musical practices– as participation (i.e., desire and commitment to participate) to a certain regime of human existence. In this way, I believe to be paving the way for a new conception of musical praxis, which interweaves aesthetics and ethics
Puyôou, Bianca. "Pygmalion, un mythe génésiaque. Conceptions et représentations du pouvoir créateur." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040215.
Full textThis hermeneutic interdisciplinary work, where literature and philosophy are tightly intertwined and converse with the so-called hard sciences, first proceeds to define the notion of myth as a literary type of story that illustrates a stance on a metaphysical question. It reveals Ovid’s story of Pygmalion as a genesiac myth in which mankind is at the heart. Progressing from the XVIIIe to the XXe century along the history of European ideas, it then halts at the French, German and Italian literary works that revisit the myth, in light of the question drawn from the source text – that of the extent of Man’s creative power – in order to extract the common characteristics. In their study of Art and Eros, they present a relationship to the world and to the others that is directed toward a dynamic of creation that is realized through a similar process based on the representations along with the mental and personal implication and dispositions of the subject, ecstasy, will and faith. In turn, drawing on their lessons and this observation, this work eventually answers this question by elaborating an anthroposophical mythologism that call upon XXIe century discoveries in neurosciences, physiology, semiostylistic, esthetic and ethic. This system, in its quest of understanding this creative process, has led to the redefinition of a Man essentially led by a representational instinct, a creative gesture, moving from Creativity, to Pleasure and Beauty, by which he achieves his Freedom
Machado, Katia Regina. "Un regard à double égard sur la misère du monde. Analyse des effets de la forme esthétique des images photographiques de Sebastiao Salgado." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030098.
Full textThe photographic work of Sebastião Salgado focuses on the living conditions of people affected by social distress resulting from civil wars, exploitation, and misery. The pictures are characterised by the quality of their aesthetic composition but they are not primarily works of art. They are rather documentary pictures that represent a social denunciation of intolerable living conditions. Some social scientists specialised in photo interpretation think that his pictures still exhibit too many characteristics of art work and might therefore deform reality. However, others are convinced that just this aesthetic approach constitute its particular strength in sociopolitical communication. The contrasting views reflect the old debate on the relation between politics and aesthetics recently revived by the discussion on the socio-political role of the media in the presentation of social distress. This thesis is based on a representative sample of articles published in print media in which arguments for and against the photographic approach of Salgado are presented. The analytic comparison of the opposed arguments allows an evaluation of the related theoretical concepts. It also reveals an a priori basis of the related ethics, aesthetics, sociology, and politics indicating whether the denouncing character of Salgado pictures is representing an adequate approach to communicate the misery of the world