Journal articles: 'Ethmoidal cells'

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Yamamoto, Hiroki, Kazuhiro Nomura, Hiroshi Hidaka, Yukio Katori, and Naohiro Yoshida. "Anatomy of the posterior and middle ethmoidal arteries via computed tomography." SAGE Open Medicine 6 (January 1, 2018): 205031211877247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312118772473.

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Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the anatomy of the posterior and middle ethmoidal arteries from the viewpoint of an endoscopic sinus surgeon. Methods: Based on 100 computed tomography images, the anatomical position of the posterior ethmoidal artery in relation to the posterior ethmoid cells was classified into five types. The presence of the posterior and middle ethmoidal arteries, their distance from the skull base, and their length exposed in the ethmoid cells were measured. The association of patients’ age and sex, presence of the middle ethmoidal artery, and anatomical type of the posterior ethmoidal artery with the posterior ethmoidal artery distance from the ethmoid roof was analyzed. Results: The posterior ethmoidal artery’s position, relative to the ethmoid cell walls, was most often near the first wall, anterior to the optic canal (92.5%). The posterior ethmoidal artery’s distance from the skull base ranged from 0 to 6.4 mm (mean: 1.2 mm). Older age, longer length of the posterior ethmoidal artery exposed in the ethmoid cells, and absence of the middle ethmoidal artery were positively associated with a longer posterior ethmoidal artery distance from the skull base. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the posterior and middle ethmoidal arteries.

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Hashimoto, K., K. Tsuzuki, K. Okazaki, and M. Sakagami. "Influence of opacification in the frontal recess on frontal sinusitis." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 131, no. 7 (2017): 620–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221511700086x.

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AbstractObjectives:This study aimed to radiologically evaluate the influence of inflammatory changes in frontal recess cells on frontal sinusitis.Methods:A total of 93 patients (186 sides) who underwent primary sinonasal surgery at Hyogo College of Medicine were enrolled in 2015 and 2016. Opacification of agger nasi, fronto-ethmoidal, ethmoid bulla, suprabullar and frontal bulla cells was determined by pre-operative computed tomography and its influence on frontal sinusitis was investigated.Results:In all, 42 per cent of 186 sides were affected by frontal sinusitis. Agger nasi, ethmoid bulla, fronto-ethmoidal, suprabullar and frontal bulla cells were identified in 99 per cent, 100 per cent, 38 per cent, 69 per cent, and 16 per cent of sides, respectively. The presence of frontal recess cells and frontal ostium size did not significantly influence frontal sinusitis development. However, opacification of agger nasi, type 1 fronto-ethmoidal and suprabullar cells significantly influenced frontal sinusitis development.Conclusion:Frontal sinusitis is caused by inflammatory changes in frontal recess cells.

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White, Daniel V., Eric H. Sincoff, and Saleem I. Abdulrauf. "Anterior Ethmoidal Artery: Microsurgical Anatomy and Technical Considerations." Operative Neurosurgery 56, suppl_4 (2005): ONS—406—ONS—410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000156550.83880.d0.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE: Vascular lesions of the anterior cranial fossa can receive significant blood supply from the anterior ethmoidal artery. Embolization of this blood supply exposes the parent vessel, the ophthalmic artery, to possible embolic complications, which can lead to loss of vision. A study of the microsurgical anatomy can help delineate the course of the anterior ethmoidal artery and find the best points for proximal control of the blood supply to these lesions. Clinical cases are presented to illustrate how lesions with prominent anterior ethmoidal artery feeders are best approached through fronto-orbital single-flap craniotomies. METHODS: Eight cadaveric dissections to demonstrate the microsurgical anatomy of the anterior ethmoidal artery were performed to study the relevant anatomy. Two clinical cases are presented that demonstrate clinical application of this anatomy through fronto-orbital single-flap craniotomies. RESULTS: Eight arteries were studied in four cadaveric heads. The dissections show the course of the anterior ethmoidal artery from the ophthalmic artery in the orbit, through the anterior ethmoidal foramen into the ethmoid air cells, to the cribriform plate, where it turns superiorly to become the anterior falx artery. The first surgical case is of a giant tuberculum sellae meningioma that was resected with coagulation and division of the anterior ethmoidal arteries at the anterior ethmoidal foramina at the laminae papyraceae of both medial orbital walls. The second surgical case is of a large deep right frontal arteriovenous malformation that was resected with coagulation and division of the anterior ethmoidal artery at the anterior ethmoidal foramen of the lamina papyracea of the right medial orbital wall. CONCLUSION: The cadaveric dissections and our surgical experience show that the anterior ethmoidal artery has three important sites for surgical access: 1) the anterior ethmoidal foramen at the lamina papyracea of the medial orbital wall; 2) the anterior ethmoid canal at the lateral ethmoid wall; and 3) extradurally, at the cribriform plate. These three sites are best accessed through a fronto-orbital single-flap craniotomy, which can be unilateral or bilateral, depending on the pathological findings. The described orbital-cranial approach in this article is not being advocated to replace the standard pterional and frontal approaches; rather, we suggest it as an option in these complex cases that require early proximal control of the anterior ethmoidal artery feeders.

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Derjac-Arama, Andreea –. Ioana, Stefania Anca Mihai, Mihai Sandulescu, and Mugurel Constantin Rusu. "Anatomic patterns of maxillary sinus drainage." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 5, no. 20 (2015): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjr-2015-0024.

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AbstractBackground. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery may be indicated when certain anatomic variations impede the normal drainage of the paranasal sinuses through the ostiomeatal complex. We aimed at studying the drainage system of the maxillary sinus which consists of the maxillary infundibulum, the main ostium of the maxillary sinus, the ethmoidal infundibulum and the hiatus semilunaris inferior.Material and methods. The study was performed retrospectively on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 60 subjects (N=120 maxillary sinuses). The anatomical pattern of the maxillary sinus drainage was studied on coronal scans.Results. As related to different morphological possibilities in the supero-lateral limit of the maxillary sinus drainage system, five different patterns were defined: in type I (55%) there was no pneumatization in that situs, in type II (18%) there was an infraorbital recess of the maxillary sinus placed above the sinus ostium, in type III (14%) an ethmoidal recess of the maxillary sinus was expanded within the ethmoid bone, above the ethmoidal infundibulum, in type IV (3%) there were Haller cells above the sinus ostium, while in type V (10%) there were non-infraorbital ethmoid air cells above and draining into the ethmoidal infundibulum.Conclusion. It appears that CBCT is a reliable tool to make an anatomical distinction of the variable pattern of pneumatization impeding a normal drainage of the maxillary sinus, between maxillary sinus- and ethmoid-derived air-filled spaces.

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Sava, Cristina Julieta, and Mugurel Constantin Rusu. "Bilateral sinoliths in the ethmoid sinus – a rare Cone Beam CT finding." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 7, no. 25 (2017): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjr-2017-0007.

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Abstract Sinoliths are calculi found particularly in paranasal sinuses, the rarest location being the ethmoid air cells. There were previously reported only 4 cases of unilateral large ethmoidal sinoliths (ES), this one being the fifth report. We report here the incidental bilateral evidence in a 34-year-old female patient evaluated in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) of minor ES. The left ES, of 1.6 mm2 sagittal size, occupied the suprabullar cell, in front of the ground lamella and behind the anterior ethmoidal canal. The right ES, of 7.6 mm2, was located behind the ground lamella. The radiodensity of each ES was about 1000 HU, their bone quality being thus assessed. This is the first evidence of bilateral and clinically silent ethmoidal sinoliths. Being small-sized and incidentally found, it seems reasonable to consider that ethmoidal sinoliths could have a higher incidence but they are overlooked due to the lack of clinical manifestations.

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Zalesskii, A. Yu, and N. V. Boiko. "Mucocele of ethmoidal sinus cells." Rossiiskaya rinologiya 26, no. 1 (2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/rosrino201826143-45.

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McArdle, B., and C. Perry. "Ethmoid silent sinus syndrome causing inward displacement of the orbit: case report." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 124, no. 2 (2009): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215109990521.

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AbstractObjective:We describe a previously unreported case of ethmoid silent sinus syndrome.Method:Case report and review of the world literature regarding silent sinus syndrome.Results:A 33-year-old woman developed medial displacement of the left orbital contents in the absence of trauma, surgery or other significant pathology. Imaging showed opacification of the left ethmoid sinus and implosion of the medial orbital wall. Previously reported cases of silent sinus syndrome have all involved the maxillary sinus, with subsequent implosion of the orbital floor. Computed tomography scans of our patient showed wide, flat ethmoidal bulla and surrounding cells, with few horizontal bony septae reinforcing the area of collapse.Conclusion:This case represents the first report of ethmoid silent sinus syndrome. We argue that, in anatomically susceptible individuals, the silent sinus syndrome can present due to chronic ethmoidal sinusitis.

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Chakravarthi, Kosuri Kalyan, Nelluri Venumadhav, and KS Siddaraju. "Congenital malformation of lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 2 (2014): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10534.

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Background: The thinnest portion of the medial wall of the orbit is Lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis which separates the ethmoidal sinuses from the orbit. Congenital bony malformation of orbit and anatomical variation of ethmoidal sinuses are important in terms of the risk of complication development during endoscopic sinus surgery and to understanding the pathophysiology and spread of sinus disease.Materials and Methods: Accordingly the present study was designed to fi nd out the congenital malformation of medial wall of the orbit in relation to lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis. The study was carried out using 100 dried adult human skulls and twenty six human cadavers irrespective of sex were obtained from the Department of Anatomy - Mayo Institute of Medical Sciences-Barabanki, Department of Anatomy - Melaka Manipal Medical College - Manipal and Department of Anatomy - KMCT Medical College, Manassery - Calicut.Results: In three skulls (2.380%) we noted unilateral unusual hole at the junction of medial wall and roof of orbit with dimensions of 2.3 cm long and 1 cm height in two skulls and another unusual vertical hole at the anterior part of medial wall and roof of orbit with dimensions of 2 cm height and 1 cm width. We also noted few ethmoidal cells extended in to the orbital plate and fovea ethmoidalis of the frontal bone.Conclusion: Congenital defective formation of bony orbit and variable anatomy of paranasal sinuses noted in this study is may be due to the defective formation of Lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis from the lateral part of the nasal capsule near the fronto ethmoidal suture such comprehensive knowledge is necessary to understand the various disorders of this region and to avoid complications during surgical procedures involving this area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10534Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 91-94

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Carlos, Avian Loren C., and January E. Gelera. "Prevalence of Supraorbital Ethmoid Air Cells among Filipinos." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 33, no. 2 (2018): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v33i2.261.

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Objective : This study aims to determine the prevalence of supraorbital ethmoidal cells (SOEC) among Filipinos in a single tertiary government institution.  Methods:  Study Design: Retrospective review of CT scan images Setting: Single Tertiary Institution Patients: 123 patients aged 13-years-old and above  Results: A total of 474 CT scans (60 PNS and 414 Craniofacial) performed during the study period were considered, with 55 excluded for age < 13, and 296 excluded for craniofacial fractures. None had congenital craniofacial deformities. Eighty-five of 123 CT scans (69.11%) or 147 of 246 sides (59.76%) demonstrated supraorbital ethmoidal cells. There were 62 (72.94%) males and 23 (27.06%) females, ages ranging from 13 to 83 (mean age between male and female was 39.53 and 43.57). The scans showed 62 (50.41%) patients with bilateral and 23 (18.70%) with unilateral SOEC. Twenty-two (25.9%) patients were identified with chronic rhinosinusitis and two of whom were considered to have maxillary sinus mass. Two out of 5 patients with SOEC presented with aplastic/hypoplastic frontal sinus. Conclusion: Our study suggests that Filipinos may have a higher prevalence rate of SOEC than their Chinese, Japanese and Korean counterparts and bilateral SOEC are more predominant than unilateral SOEC.  Keywords: supraorbital ethmoid cell, anterior ethmoid artery, paranasal CT scan, craniofacial CT scan, frontal sinus surgery

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Pradhan, Susan, Suman Phuyal, Dipendra Kumar Shrestha, and Sushil Krishna Shilpakar. "Juvenile variant ossifying fibroma of sinonasal region." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 17, no. 2 (2020): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v17i2.30551.

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Juvenile variant ossifying fibroma of sinonasal region is an extremely rare benign fibro-osseous lesion which is locally aggressive. A 21-year-old male presented with significant proptosis of right eye with stony-hard lump in the middle upper aspect of the right orbit and base of the nose. CT scan of head revealed a non-enhancing expansile lesion in right ethmoidal cells consistent with chronic ethmoidal mucocele. However Magnetic Resonance Imaging of brain revealed enhancing lesion in right ethmoid and frontal sinus extending up to anterior cranial fossa. He underwent right frontal craniotomy with surgical excision of tumor wherein cystic brown tumor of frontal and ethmoidal sinus was found. The procedure was supplemented with endoscopic transnasal approach. Histopathology report suggested an ossifying fibroma. This case highlights the importance of clinical, imaging and histopathological features of ossifying fibroma occurring in the sinonasal tract for better diagnosis and treatment through a multidisciplinary approach.

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Zinreich, S. J., F. A. Kuhn, N. R. London Jr., D. Kennedy, M. Solaiyappan, and W. Hosemann. "3D CT stereoscopic imaging: an improved anatomical understanding of the anterior ethmoid sinus and frontal sinus drainage pathway." Rhinology Online 3, no. 3 (2020): 202–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhin20.061.

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this presentation is to display a series of new anatomical concepts and terms regarding the frontal si- nus, its drainage pathway and cells vs. spaces of the anterior ethmoid, based on Three-Dimensional Computer X-ray Tomography Stereoscopic Imaging (3DCTSI) and contrast these concepts to those reported in the current literature. METHODS: Given the new anatomic observations provided by 3DCTSI, and the widespread anatomic variations a small sample was initially selected to describe our observations. Six exemplary cases according to the “Classification of Fronto-Ethmoidal cells” by Kuhn, Bent et al., Lee et al., expanded by Wormald et al., and adopted by Ramakrishnan et al., Huang et al., and Void et al. (1-7) were chosen to illustrate our detailed anatomic observations. Additional observations and data of prevalence identified in a larger series will follow. RESULTS and CONCLUSION: Conceptually, the anterior ethmoid “cells” are in essence “spaces” with openings that communicate with the middle meatus and/or the ethmoidal infundibulum. The frontal sinus and frontal recess are a united and continuous three-dimensional, irregularly shaped space, the Frontal Sinus/Recess Space (FSRS). The uncinate process has two segments: the Ethmoidal Uncinate Process (EUP), which encompasses the Infundibular Space of the EUP (IS-EUP), currently known as the Agger Nasi cell; and the Turbinal Uncinate Process (TUP), which borders the Turbinal Infundibulum (TI) medially. The superior attach- ment of the EUP will be detailed in each of the six cases (Table 2). The middle meatus and infundibular passages are the drainage pathways from the frontal sinus and maxillary sinus to the nasal cavity.

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Dhingra, Shruti, and Satyawati Mohindra. "Isolated Mucocele in an Infraorbital Ethmoidal Cell—Haller Cell: A Unique Presentation." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 6, no. 1 (2013): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1147.

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ABSTRACT Haller cell was first described by 18th century Swiss anatomist Albrecht von Haller. Haller cells make up the posterior and superior wall of the ethmoid infundibulum. They can cause obstruction of ethmoidal infundibulum after enlargement. Isolated infection of the Haller cell is usually very rare and should be suspected in patients with visual complaints or facial pain. Diagnosis can be made on radiology. Here, we report a patient with complaints of left-sided eye pain for the last 4 months which was finally diagnosed as Haller cell mucocele and successfully managed via endoscopic marsupialization. How to cite this article Mohindra S, Dhingra S. Isolated Mucocele in an Infraorbital Ethmoidal Cell—Haller Cell: A Unique Presentation. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(1):44-46.

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Dhingra, Shruti, and Satyawati Mohindra. "Isolated Mucocele in an Infraorbital Ethmoidal-Haller Cell: A Unique Presentation." An International Journal Clinical Rhinology 6, no. 3 (2013): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1172.

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ABSTRACT Haller cell, was first described by 18th century Swiss anatomist Albrecht von Haller. Haller cells make up the posterior and superior wall of the ethmoid infundibulum. They can cause obstruction of ethmoidal infundibulum after enlargement. Isolated infection of the Haller cell is usually very rare and should be suspected in patients with visual complaints or facial pain. Diagnosis can be made on radiology. Here, we report a patient with complaints of left-sided eye pain for the last 4 months which was finally diagnosed as Haller cell mucocele and successfully managed via endoscopic marsupialization. How to cite this article Mohindra S, Dhingra S. Isolated Mucocele in an Infraorbital Ethmoidal-Haller Cell: A Unique Presentation. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2013;6(3):129-130.

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Fujimoto, Yasuyuki, Masaki Katoh, Mamoru Miyata, Toshiro Kawai, Ken Saito, and Mamoru Morita. "Cystic cemento-ossifying fibroma of the ethmoidal cells." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 101, no. 9 (1987): 946–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100103032.

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Sjogren, Phayvanh P., Rajendra Waghela, Shaelene Ashby, Richard H. Wiggins, Richard R. Orlandi, and Jeremiah A. Alt. "International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification and Anatomic Predictors of Low-Lying Anterior Ethmoidal Arteries." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 31, no. 3 (2017): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4428.

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Background The International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification (IFAC) was introduced to more accurately characterize ethmoid and frontal sinus pneumatization patterns. The prevalence of IFAC cells and their anatomic associations have not been described. Objective The goal was to examine the prevalence of IFAC cells and determine radiologic features associated with a low-lying anterior ethmoidal artery (LAEA). Methods Imaging of adult patients who underwent computed tomographies from January 2015 to March 2016 were retrospectively reviewed by using the IFAC classification. We also measured the distance from the skull base to the anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA), the height of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate, and anterior-posterior diameter from the anterior wall of the frontal sinus to the skull base (APF). Patients with a history of sinus surgery, trauma, malignancy, or congenital anomaly were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson correlation coefficients and χ2 tests. Results A total of 95 patients met the inclusion criteria. There was a significant association between supraorbital ethmoid cells and an LAEA (p < 0.001), with a significant effect size (ϕ = 0.276, p = 0.007). An inverse relationship was observed between Keros type I classification I and an LAEA (p < 0.001), with a significant effect size (ϕ = -0.414, p = 0.000). Significant associations were found between the AEA distance from the skull base and the cribriform lateral lamella height (R = 0.576, p < 0.001). In addition, there was a significant association between the AEA distance from the skull base and the APF (R = 0.497, p < 0.001). Conclusion The presence of a supraorbital ethmoid cell and a wide APF were associated with an LAEA. There was a significant relationship between Keros type I classification and the AEA adjacent to the skull base. Delineation of these anatomic relationships may be helpful during endoscopic sinus surgery to avoid complications.

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Prasad, K. C., M. B. Swapanthi, P. K. Anjali, and K. Prathyusha. "Fronto Ethmoidal Mucocele Associated with Type 4 Kuhn Cells." Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 71, S3 (2018): 2078–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12070-018-1476-3.

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van Rensburg, L. J., C. J. Nortje, and R. E. Wood. "Pneumosinus Dilatans of the Ethmoid Sinus—Incidental Finding on a Cephalometric Radiograph." British Journal of Orthodontics 22, no. 2 (1995): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bjo.22.2.179.

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A case of pneumosinus dilatans of the posterior ethmoidal region is presented. The condition known as pneumosinus dilatans is discussed, as are accessory ethmoidal air cells with respect to their most common location and radiographic appearance. The diagnostic imaging features of this condition are described and a recommendation of views to adequately delineate this disorder are given. The importance of an adequate and thorough review of the cephalometric radiograph for pathologic conditions is stressed.

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Gouripur, Kranti, Udaya Kumar M., Anand B. Janagond, S. Elangovan, and V. Srinivasa. "Incidence of sinonasal anatomical variations associated with chronic sinusitis by CT scan in Karaikal, South India." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 3 (2017): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20172291.

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Background: Variations in sinonasal anatomy of adults are common and vary among different populations. Their role in development of pathological conditions such as sinusitis, epistaxis, etc is debated. Having clear picture of sinonasal anatomy of a person is essential in avoidance of complications during surgery. This study was done to analyze sinonasal anatomy in adults from Karaikal region having chronic sinusitis by nasal endoscopy and CT scan imaging.Methods: A total of 50 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were studied by preoperative nasal endoscopy, CT scanning and endoscopy at the time of definitive surgery and variations recorded and analyzed. Results: The incidence of the sinonasal anatomical variations in CT scan study were – discharge in the frontal sinus (100%), agger nasi cells (96%), deviated nasal septum (70%), anterior ethmoidal cells (86%), posterior ethmoidal cells (58%), sinus lateralis (52%), frontal cells (50%), discharge in sphenoid sinus (50%), pneumatised superior turbinate (46%), INSA (34%), prominent bulla ethmoidalis (30%), supra orbital cells (26%), pneumatised septum(16%), medialised uncinate process (16%), paradoxical middle turbinate (16%), Haller cells (14%), supreme turbinate (14%), pneumatised inferior turbinate (12%), frontal recess obliteration (12%), absent pneumatisation of frontal sinus (12%), pneumatised middle turbinate (10%), Onodi cells (6%), pneumatised uncinate process (2%), maxillary sinus septation (2%).Conclusions: The high incidence of variations emphasises the need for proper preoperative assessment for safe and effective endoscopic sinus surgery.

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Li, Lifeng, Nyall R. London, Daniel M. Prevedello, and Ricardo L. Carrau. "Intraconal Anatomy of the Anterior Ethmoidal Neurovascular Bundle: Implications for Surgery in the Superomedial Orbit." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 34, no. 3 (2020): 394–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1945892420901630.

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Background The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) branches from the ophthalmic artery in the superomedial intraconal space. The feasibility of management of lesions arising from the superomedial intraconal space via an endoscopic endonasal approach has not been sufficiently explored. Objective To yield a detailed anatomic description of the anterior ethmoidal neurovascular bundle and its variants to serve as the foundation for possible management of lesions in the superomedial intraconal space. Methods Eight cadaveric specimens (16 sides) were dissected using an endonasal approach, tracing the AEA proximally through the superomedial intraconal space. Furthermore, the anatomy of adjacent structures was noted, and distances from the anterior ethmoidal foramen to the origin of the AEA at the ophthalmic artery were measured. Results Supraorbital cells were found in 13/16 sides (81.25%), and a bony dehiscence of the anterior ethmoidal canal was observed in 5/16 sides (31.25%). The nasociliary nerve, ophthalmic artery, superior division of the oculomotor nerve, superior rectus muscle, and levator palpebrae superioris were routinely identified in the superomedial intraconal space. The AEA passed through a corridor between the medial rectus and superior oblique muscles after arising from the ophthalmic artery (lateral to the foramen) in all specimens. The average distance from its origin to the anterior ethmoidal foramen was 5.19 ± 0.98 mm. Conclusion Anatomically, it is feasible to access the superomedial intraconal space via an endoscopic endonasal approach. This study provides the anatomical basis for procedures in the superomedial intraconal space.

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Moriyama, Hiroshi, Masaya Fukami, Kiyoshi Yanagi, Nobuyoshi Ohtori, and Kensaku Kaneta. "Endoscopic Endonasal Treatment of Ostium of the Frontal Sinus and the Results of Endoscopic Surgery." American Journal of Rhinology 8, no. 2 (1994): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065894781874449.

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We discuss a procedure for opening the nasofrontal duct and the postoperative findings in endoscopic endonasal surgery. The route of the anterior ethmoidal artery was also studied. The subjects of this study were 57 patients (105 sides) who had frontal sinus disease. The patients all underwent surgery for chronic sinusitis between 1990 and 1992. Patients undergoing revision surgery were excluded. All patients were operated on by the same surgeon. In each patient, following anterior and posterior ethmoidectomy, the frontal sinus ostial region was opened using a 70 endoscope, while carefully monitoring the anterior ethmoidal artery. The agger nasi was left intact. The cells around the ostium were opened using a curved suction tip and upward bent forceps, and the lamellae were removed to achieve the greatest possible communication with the frontal sinus. In 77 sides (73.4%), the communication between the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses was well maintained. The ostium was patent with edematous mucosa in 18 sides (17.1%). The opened ostium could not be confirmed due to presence of polyp, etc., in 10 sides (9.5%). During surgery, the route of the anterior ethmoidal artery was confirmed in 70.8%; and of these cases, it was located anterior to the third ground lamella in about 50%.

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Kutluhan, Ahmet, Kazim Bozdemir, Hüseyin Çetin, et al. "Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Sinuplasty Including Ethmoidal Air Cells in Chronic Rhinosinusitis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 118, no. 12 (2009): 881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940911801209.

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van nieuwkerk, E. B. J., and M. J. middelweerd. "Anterior ethmoidal cells and the frontal sinus: a computed tomography study." Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences 24, no. 4 (1999): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2273.1999.00280-14.x.

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Agababov, A. "Post ocular optic neuritis of rhinogenic origin. Вrüскnеr (Zentr. f. d. gesam. Ophtalmologie. Bd. III, H. 12)". Kazan medical journal 19, № 1 (2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj78711.

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According to the author's data, this suffering, in most cases arising from multiple sclerosis, is not so rare (3-17%) depending on the disease (mainly empyema) of nearby cavities, namely sinus sphenoidalis and posterior ethmoidal cells.

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Kavitha, E. M., L. Swapna, B. N. Kumarguru, S. Kranthi Kumar, and M. Udaya Kumar. "Right Ethmoidal Sinus Schwannoma: Case Report of a Common Entity with an Unusual Presentation." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 7, no. 8 (2020): C94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.2811.

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Schwannomas are benign, encapsulated nerve sheath tumors arising from Schwann cells. Approximately, 25-40% of all Schwannomas occur in the head and neck region, acoustic nerve being the most frequent site. The tumors originating from nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses are rare and constitutes only four percent. A 40-year-old male presented with history of blurred vision of right eye and protrusion of right eye ball since 6 months. It was associated with history of watering and redness. Examination of right eye revealed mild proptosis and ptosis. Computed Tomography [CT] scan showed a large expansile cystic lesion measuring about 5.2x5.6x6.5cm involving entire right ethmoidal sinus. It showed expansion into anterior cranial fossa, roof and medial wall of right orbit. Radiological opinion suggested mucocele of right ethmoidal sinus. Intra-operatively, tissue specimen was sent for squash smear cytology. Cytology smears showed features suggestive of spindle cell tumor. Possibility of Schwannoma was considered. The specimen was subsequently subjected to histopathological examination. Microscopy showed tumor tissue composed of tumor cells arranged in alternate hypercellular and hypocellular pattern. Hypercellular areas showed occasional verocay bodies. Hypocellular areas showed loosely arranged spindle shaped tumor cells. Histopathological features were suggestive of Schwannoma. On Immunohistochemistry (IHC), neoplastic cells were positive for S-100 and negative for EMA. Ethmoidal sinus schwannoma extending into anterior cranial fossa is an unusual presentation. Clinically, it poses a diagnostic dilemma. Squash smear cytology is challenging, but helpful in establishing the correct diagnosis. Histopathology is confirmatory and immunohistochemistry is supportive.

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Re, M., A. Santarelli, M. Mascitti, et al. "Trail Overexpression Inversely Correlates with Histological Differentiation in Intestinal-Type Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma." International Journal of Surgical Oncology 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/203873.

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Introduction. Despite their histological resemblance to colorectal adenocarcinoma, there is some information about the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinomas (ITACs). To evaluate the possible role of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene defects in ITAC, by investigating the immunohistochemical expression of TRAIL gene product in a group of ethmoidal ITACs associated with occupational exposure.Material and Methods. Retrospective study on 23 patients with pathological diagnosis of primary ethmoidal ITAC. Representative formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded block from each case was selected for immunohistochemical studies using the antibody against TRAIL. Clinicopathological data were also correlated with the staining results.Results. The immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that poorly differentiated cases showed a higher percentage of TRAIL expressing cells compared to well-differentiated cases. No correlation was found with other clinicopathological parameters, including T, stage and relapses.Conclusion. The relationship between upregulation of TRAIL and poorly differentiated ethmoidal adenocarcinomas suggests that the mutation of this gene, in combination with additional genetic events, could play a role in the pathogenesis of ITAC.

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Chiesa Estomba, Carlos Miguel, Frank Alberto Betances Reinoso, and Carmelo Santidrian Hidalgo. "A safe way to find the posterior ethmoidal cells: navigation with cottonoid." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 6, no. 21 (2016): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjr-2016-0005.

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Abstract BACKGROUND. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is a reliable option in the treatment of sinus pathology, but the presence of the anatomical variant and difficult cases like massive polyposis or revision FESS can generate some problems to surgeons. MATERIAL AND METHODS. After performing an unciformectomy, a partial anterior ethmoidectomy and maxillary ostium antrostomy, we slide a cottonoid back to the basal lamella of the middle turbinate with a Cottle dissector and introduce it in the superior meatus. After that, we return to the middle meatus and proceed to open the basal lamella finding the cottonoid placed there previously. RESULTS. An easy technique, safe and reproducible, that allows us to advance in our dissection, avoiding damaging important structures. CONCLUSION. In this paper we present a safe way to approach the posterior ethmoidal cells complex in the classic way through the basal lamella of the middle turbinate, under the guidance of a cottonoid, a safe and easy maneuver to do this procedure in the beginning of our formation or in complex cases.

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Adaki, Shridevi, Amol Karagir, Kaushal Shah, and Raghavendra Adaki. "Prevalence of Haller Infraorbital Ethmoidal Cells on Panoramic Radiograph – A Prospective Study." Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology 33, no. 2 (2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_166_20.

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Rusu, Mugurel Constantin, Andrei Leonid Chirita, and Mihai Sandulescu. "Bilateral infraorbital maxillary air cells: recess-derived non-Haller cells." Romanian Journal of Rhinology 6, no. 22 (2016): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjr-2016-0013.

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Abstract BACKGROUND. The infraorbital recess of the maxillary sinus can reach in front of the nasolacrimal duct to become prelacrimal recess. During a routine Cone Beam CT (CBCT) study of a male patient of 72 years old, there were bilaterally found infraorbital maxillary air cells (IMACs) resulted after the almost complete closure of infraorbital recesses of the maxillary sinuses. Only that on the left side was reaching in front of the nasolacrimal canal. The closure of each infraorbital recess leaded to a narrow draining passage opened in the terminal end of the maxillary infundibulum, thus proximal to the maxillary sinus ostium. On the left side, a small cell of the lacrimal bone was interposed between the IMAC drainage pathway and the nasolacrimal canal. On the right side, the nasolacrimal canal was communicating with the ethmoidal infundibulum. Such an anatomic variation in the infraorbital angle of the maxillary sinus can impede the endoscopic procedures which use the anterior lacrimal pathway.

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Guarnizo, Angela, Thanh B. Nguyen, Rafael Glikstein, and Nader Zakhari. "Computed tomography assessment of anterior ethmoidal canal dehiscence: An interobserver agreement study and review of the literature." Neuroradiology Journal 33, no. 2 (2020): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1971400920908524.

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Purpose The anterior ethmoidal artery can be injured in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The ability of computed tomography (CT) to identify dehiscence of the anterior ethmoidal canal (AEC) has not been widely evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement in the CT assessment of AEC dehiscence. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive CT scans of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012. Two neuroradiologists separately assessed the presence of AEC dehiscence, the presence of PNS opacification, and the best CT plane to evaluate the AEC. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and interobserver agreement (kappa coefficient). Results The AEC was below the skull base in 199 (22.3%) cases. Dehiscence of the AEC was found in 13.2% for reader 1 and in 7.3% for reader 2. The interobserver agreement for identification of AEC dehiscence was only fair (κ = 0.246). The interobserver agreement for the AEC dehiscence in cases with opacification of ethmoidal air cells was substantial (κ = 0.754). Conclusion The suboptimal interobserver agreement could potentially limit the usefulness of CT scans for routine assessment of AEC dehiscence. In patients with PNS opacification, CT scans could still add valuable information regarding AEC dehiscence.

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Krmpotić-Nemanić, Jelena, Ivan Vinter, Dubravko Jalšovec, and Josip Hat. "Relation of the ethmoidal cells to the floor of the anterior cranial fossa." Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger 182, no. 6 (2000): 533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0940-9602(00)80099-0.

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Bandyopadhyay, Raktim, Romy Biswas, Sharmistha Bhattacherjee, Sankar Prasad Kabiraj, and lndrajit Gupta. "Anatomical variation of middle concha and its clinical correlates: a study among patients attending North Bengal Medical College." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 04, no. 02 (2015): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401557.

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Abstract Background and aims: Lateral nasal wall of each nasal cavity provides the final common pathway of drainage of the muco-ciliary clearance of frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal air cells. Anatomical variant like Concha Bullosa may obstruct the muco ciliary clearance thmugh osteomeatal complex and cause rhino sinusitis. The objectives were to find out the anatomical variation of middle concha and its clinical correlates with variation of middle concha. Methods: The present study was a descriptive, hospital based cross sectional study carried out in the outpatient departments of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital among 15 years and above patients. Coronal CT scan of paranasal sinus and orbit region was done. Data was collected with the help of semi structured predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Results: Of the 44 study patients, 15.9% had Concha Bullosa, 11.36% had paradoxical middle concha. Dimensions of right and left concha were also studied. 77.3%, 59.1% and 47.7% had sneezing, rhinorrhoea and headache respectively. Conclusion: The harmony of mucociliary clearance and obstruction free osteomeatal complex is the key factor for ventilation and drainage of maxillary, fmntal and anterior ethmoidal air cells.

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Perumal, Colin J. "Ameloblastic Carcinoma of the Maxilla with Extension into the Ethmoidal Air Cells and Close Proximity to the Anterior Skull Base: A Rare Case Presentation." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 5, no. 3 (2012): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1322531.

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A case of an ameloblastic carcinoma with extension to the anterior skull base as a result of prolonged misdiagnosis is being presented. Radical surgery and radiotherapy was performed due to involvement of the ethmoidal air sinuses and close proximity to the cranial fossa. Diagnostic tests showed no evidence of metastasis. The patient was treated with surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy, and prosthetic rehabilitation.

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Sama, A., L. McClelland, and J. Constable. "Frontal sinus mucocoeles: new algorithm for surgical management." Rhinology journal 52, no. 3 (2014): 267–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino13.103.

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Background: Frontal sinus mucocoeles require a structured approach to their surgical management. We share our experience of a novel method of positional classification for frontal mucocoele and corresponding surgical algorithm. Methods: A retrospective case-note review examined all frontal sinus surgery for mucocoele, spanning three years (2008-2010). Patients had pre-operative nasendoscopy, multi-planar CT and MRI when indicated. Several important variables (position, drainage dimensions, fronto-ethmoidal cells and degree of neo-osteogenesis) were noted. A systematic algorithm was used for surgical drainage based on these characteristics. The three year outcomes using this approach are presented. Results: Thirty-six patients were identified with a total of 43 frontal mucocoeles. Using our classification, 30 mucocoeles were medial; seven were intermediate; six were lateral. Thirty-four patients underwent a primary endoscopic procedure; six required a combined primary osteoplastic-flap (OPF) and endoscopic approach. Six patients required revision surgery for polypoidal change or neo-ostium stenosis. All patients were eventually rendered asymptomatic. Conclusion: Implementation of our positional classification and surgical algorithm was successful with a revision rate of 19%. Presence of frontal sinus wall dehiscence and extra-sinus mucocoele extension are invalid indicators for external approach. We feel our classification and treatment algorithm, with its associated indicators for surgical escalation (i.e. limited dimensions of frontal ostium, presence of Type III / IV front-ethmoidal cells etc), are applicable for future management of frontal mucocoeles.

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Swain, Santosh Kumar. "Middle turbinate concha bullosa and its relationship with chronic sinusitis: a review." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 7, no. 6 (2021): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20212136.

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Sinonasal diseases are serious health issues found in the clinical practice. Sinonasal diseases are often associated with anatomical variants in the sinonasal tract. There are numerous sinonasal anatomical variants found frequently in computed tomography (CT) scans of the paranasal sinuses. Middle turbinate concha bullosa is a common anatomical variant found in the nasal cavity. Pneumatization of the middle turbinate is called as concha bullosa. The pneumatization of the middle turbinate is mostly via the anterior ethmoidal air cells. Pneumatizations through posterior ethmoid air cells are also reported. There are three types of concha bullosa such as lamellar, bulbous and extensive. Majority of the patients with middle turbinate concha bullosa are asymptomatic. Sometimes this is accidentally detected during proper evaluation of the headache. Sometimes the middle turbinate concha bullosa is associated with chronic sinusitis. However, there are very few literatures which correlate the middle turbinate concha bullosa and chronic sinusitis. Although chronic sinusitis is a clinical diagnosis, the imagings like CT scan are useful to assess the extent of the disease and demonstrate the sinonasal anatomy. CT scan of the paranasal sinuses and diagnostic nasal endoscopy are important tests useful for evaluation of the middle turbinate concha bullosa and its relations with chronic sinusitis. This review article discusses on the details of the middle turbinate concha bullosa and its relationship with chronic sinusitis.

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Prasad, K. C., Azeem Mohiyuddin, M. B. Swapanthi, et al. "A panoramic view of type 4 Kuhn cells, only one of its kind." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 1 (2018): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20185320.

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There are different type of pneumatizing air cells in the frontoethmoidal region, as described by Kuhn el all, in this type IV Kuhn cell is that kind of cell which is completely isolated within the frontal sinus, or as Wormald described it as, fronto-ethmoidal cells extending more than 50% of its vertical height of the frontal sinus. In this study we would like to show a macroscopic or panoramic view of type IV Kuhn cell, which was a glorious view while performing an external approach, as there is no literature on type IV Kuhn cell with a panoramic view. Possibly this could be the first of its kind in medical literature. And therefore, this image can be incorporated in various studies for further references.

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Aydogan, A., M. Haligur, and O. Ozmen. "The expression of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 in goats with enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma: an immunohistochemical study." Veterinární Medicína 58, No. 8 (2013): 417–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6981-vetmed.

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The aim of this study was to examine the expression of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and cytokeratin AE-1/AE-3 using the avidin-biotin complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase technique in 20 goats with enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA). Clinically, dyspnoea and nasal discharge were observed in all cases. Macroscopically, polypoid and sessile masses were seen in the ethmoidal area. At the histopathological examination, tubular, papillary and mixed patterns of ENA were diagnosed. Immunohistochemically, strong positive reactions were generally seen for caspase-3, while strong to moderate and slight reactions were observed for caspase-7 and caspase-9 in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells. Positive reactions for cytokeratin AE-1/AE-3 were only seen in epithelial cells. In addition, the causative agent of ENA, retrovirus, was detected immunohistochemically in tumour cells. &nbsp;

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Sah, Bajarang Prasad, ShyamThapa Chettri, Mukesh Kumar Gupta, Shankar Prasad Shah, Deepak Poudel, and Sriti Manandhar. "Radiological correlation between the anterior ethmoidal artery and the supraorbital ethmoid cell in relation to skull base." Annals of Advance Medical Sciecnes 2, no. 1 (2018): A11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/aams.1892.

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Knappe, Ulrich J., Christian Jaspers, Desirée Buschsieweke, et al. "Ectopic Adrenocorticotropic Hormone–Secreting Pituitary Adenomas: An Underestimated Entity." Neurosurgery 80, no. 4 (2017): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000001319.

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AbstractBACKGROUND: The diagnosis of Cushing disease is based on endocrinological pa-rameters, with no single test being specific. In some patients, dynamic thin-slice sellar magnetic resonance imaging fails to detect a pituitary tumor.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of ectopic pituitary adenoma in this situation.METHODS: In a retrospective chart review, 5 patients (6%) with ectopic adenomas were identified in 83 consecutive patients undergoing transsphenoidal surgery for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenomas by 1 surgeon.RESULTS: In all 5 patients (all female, 32-41 years of age), an exclusively extrasellar ACTH-secreting adenoma was excised. Three adenomas were located in the cavernous sinus, 1 in the sphenoid sinus, and 1 in the ethmoidal cells. Histologically, none of the tumors showed signs of aggressiveness. Three of the 5 adenomas specifically expressed somatostatin receptor 5. In 4 patients with Cushing disease, postoperative remission was obtained, with 1 recurrence after 14 months. In the patient with Nelson syndrome, ACTH decreased from &gt;800 to &lt;80 pg/mL. Three patients underwent previous surgery elsewhere, including 1 hypophysectomy. In this case, the ectopic adenoma (positive for somatostatin receptor 5) in the ethmoidal cells turned out to be positive on gallium 68 DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography.CONCLUSION: The incidence of primarily ectopic ACTH-secreting adenomas in this series was 6%. In cases of negative MRI findings, an ectopic ACTH-secreting adenoma should be taken into account. 68Ga DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography may identify ectopic pituitary adenomas. Hypophysectomy should always be avoided in primary surgery for CD.

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Suzuki, Norihiro, Jan Erik Hardebo, and Christer Owman. "Origins and Pathways of Choline Acetyltransferase—Positive Parasympathetic Nerve Fibers to Cerebral Vessels in Rat." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 10, no. 3 (1990): 399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1990.70.

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The presence of cholinergic nerve fibers in the brain vasculature has been a matter of controversy, partly due to the lack of a reliable histochemical marker. Accordingly, no distinct information about the origin and pathways for such fibers has been available. In the present study on the rat pial vasculature, utilizing a choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) antibody, which is able to demonstrate this enzyme in peripheral nervous tissue, evidence was obtained for an innervation by cholinergic fibers of large pial arteries. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was present in or in close association with these fibers. By the aid of the retrograde axonal tracer True Blue (TB) applied to the middle cerebral arterial wall, such fibers were shown to originate in a subgroup of ChAT-positive cells in the sphenopalatine, otic, and internal carotid ganglia, which, in addition, contained VIP. The ChAT-positive pial nerve fibers were few in relation to the VIP-immunoreactive fibers, as was also illustrated by the few TB-positive cells in the ganglia that were ChAT positive as compared with the number of cells that were VIP positive. Only a small population of ChAT-containing neurons in these ganglia appeared to project to the pial vessels. The pathway from the sphenopalatine ganglion is via a membranous structure on the medial orbital wall, through the ethmoidal foramen, and along the internal ethmoidal artery to reach the circle of Willis. The fibers from the internal carotid and otic ganglia probably bridge to the internal carotid artery in the carotid canal, those from the otic ganglion after an initial course in the lesser superficial petrosal nerve. In addition, a weak accumulation of ChAT immunoreactivity was observed along thick nerve bundles in the wall of large and smaller pial arteries. VIP fibers were running at some locations along these nerve bundles.

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Rusu, Mugurel C., Cristina J. Sava, Adrian C. Ilie, Mihai Săndulescu, and Dănuţ Dincă. "Agger Nasi Cells Versus Lacrimal Cells and Uncinate Bullae in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 98, no. 6 (2019): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561319840836.

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The maxillary bone’s frontal process, lacrimal bone, and ethmoidal labyrinth’s uncinate process can each harbor pneumatizations, referred to as agger nasi cells (ANCs), lacrimal cells (LCs), and uncinate bullae (UBs), respectively. Different studies have failed to differentiate ANCs from LCs. We aimed at studying these 3 anatomic sites to establish the anatomical patterns that could be encountered. We performed a retrospective study on cone-beam computed tomography scans of 36 patients (72 sides); the anatomic identification was supported by bidimensional multiplanar reconstructions (MPRs) in all 3 planes and 3-dimensional volume renderings. We established 6 patterns of pneumatization as follows: (1) type I: single LCs (47%), (2) type II: distinctive adjacent LCs and ANCs (8%), (3) type III: LCs expanded as UBs (6%), (4) type IV: ANCs adjacent to LCs expanded with UBs (1%), (5) type V: ANCs expanded as LCs (27%), and (6) type VI: ANCs expanded as LCs and further expanded as UBs (11%). In a type I pattern case, we found a cell-in-cell aspect on sagittal MPRs, which was further demonstrated as being an anterolateral recess of the middle nasal meatus projected in front of an LC. Such an “agger nasi recess” of the middle meatus was not previously described. For an accurate anatomical diagnosis, computed tomography studies should use complementary MPRs in all anatomical planes, as well as 3-dimensional models, to avoid confusing ANCs with LCs and better document the drainage pathways.

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Küçüker, İsmail, Tamer Şakrak, and Ercan Demirbağ. "Heterotopic Ossification in Orbital Roof, Frontal Sinus, and Ethmoidal Cells Leading to Hypoglobus and Upward-Gaze Deficit." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 24, no. 1 (2013): e83-e85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0b013e3182710348.

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Licitra, L., S. Suardi, P. Bossi, et al. "Prediction of TP53 Status for Primary Cisplatin, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin Chemotherapy in Ethmoid Sinus Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 22, no. 24 (2004): 4901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2004.05.071.

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Purpose To assess the role of TP53 status in predicting pathologic complete remission after primary chemotherapy in patients with ethmoidal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC). Patients and Methods Thirty patients with ethmoidal ITAC enrolled onto a phase II study received chemotherapy with cisplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (PFL) followed by surgery and radiation. On surgical specimens, absence of viable tumor cells was defined as pathologic complete remission (pCR). TP53 status/p53 function, analyzed on pretreatment biopsies, were retrospectively correlated with pathologic results and patient outcome. Results Twelve patients achieved a pCR; 18 patients did not (overall response rate, 40%). In patients with wild-type (wt) TP53 or functional p53 protein, the pCRs were 83% and 80%, respectively; in patients with mutated TP53 or impaired p53 protein, pCRs were 11% and 0%, respectively (P ≤ .0001). At a median 55-month follow-up, all pCR patients were disease-free; 44% of nonresponding patients experienced relapse (P = .0061). Conclusion The results indicate the existence of two genetic ITAC subgroups, defined by differences in TP53 mutational status or protein functionality, that strongly influence pathologic response to primary chemotherapy and, ultimately, prognosis. PFL seems to be highly effective in terms of pCR and disease-free survival in the presence of a wt or a still-efficient p53 protein, even when encoded by a mutated TP53 gene (eg, early-stop codon mutation), but ineffective in ITACs carrying a disabled p53 protein. Whether this model is extensible to other head and neck cancers needs appropriate investigation.

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Böör, Andrej, Ivan Jurkovič, Katarína Dudríková, Vojtech Kavečanský, and Imrich Friedmann. "Intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma: a sporadic case." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 110, no. 8 (1996): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100135030.

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AbstractA sporadic case of the intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma is described. The patient was a comparatively young 33-year-old woman employed as a senior biochemical scientific technologist for several years. The light microscopical pattern was that of a papillary-tubular adenocarcinoma with areas of more solid mucinous elements in the deeper parts of the neoplasm. The neoplasm had invaded the nasal septum and reached the left orbit invading the left ethmoidal sinus. The glands were lined by columnar cells with elongated spindle-shaped nuclei and the cells expressed cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Chromogranin A, gastrin and serotonin but not neurone-specific enolase (NSE) nor synaptophysin. Neurosecretory granules were present. There was no history of wood dust inhalation and her exposure to chemicals is of some interest but had probably little or no role in the causation of this neoplasm.

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Amarnath, S. B., and P. Suresh Kumar. "Study of variants of anterior ethmoidal artery on computed tomography of paranasal sinuses." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 1 (2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20185106.

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Background: The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) is an anatomical landmark, its position is important for recognizing structures of difficult access (frontal sinus) and to define skull base in surgery.Additionally, visualizing this artery makes it possible to identify and treat causes of severe epistaxis. The aims and objectives of the study were to determine the reliability of identification of the AEA on the coronal CT scan, to study the variability in the pneumatisation of the suprabullar recess and the course of the AEA and to determine whether a correlation exists between the pneumatisation of the suprabullar recess and the distance of the AEA from the base skull.Methods: This study conducted among 200 Patients attending to ENT OPD, Yashoda hospital, Secunderabad with history of headache, nose block who underwent CT-PNS. Patients with age above 18 years without any congenital anomalies of face, without opacification in frontal recess or anterior ethmoidal cells, without nasal surgeries or trauma were included in the present study. All the 200 CT-PNS were studied in detail by using PACS and DICOM software. Results: In this study AEA was present in 100% of cases on both sides. In this study AEA was seen in skull base in 50.75% of cases, among this 51% was on right side, remaining was on left side.Conclusions: CT-PNS coronal sections are helpful in assessment of AEA position pre-operatively. AEF and AES act as important landmarks for the identification of AEA in CT-PNS.

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Shetty, Vikram, Akshaya Kulkarni, and Suman Banerjee. "Long-term Use of Le Fort I Osteotomy for the Management of Nasopharyngeal Rhinosporidiosis: A Case Series." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 97, no. 10-11 (2018): E36—E43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145561318097010-1103.

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Rhinosporidiosis is a rare, chronic, granulomatous infection of the mucous membranes that mainly involves the nose and nasopharynx; it occasionally involves the pharynx, conjunctiva, larynx, trachea and, rarely, the skin. The characteristic clinical features of this disease include the formation of painless polyps in the nasal mucosa or the nasopharynx that bleed easily on touch. At our center, excision of the lesion with a Le Fort I osteotomy is carried out in patients (1) in whom two or more previous attempts at excision of biopsy-proven rhinosporidiosis arising from the nasal mucosa was carried out or (2) in whom the rhinosporidiosis arises from the nasophayrngeal mucosa and/or extranasal sites. In this article we retrospectively present 7 cases in which, according to our inclusion criteria, complete excision of the lesion was carried out with a Le Fort I osteotomy. Excellent visualization of the entire maxillary and ethmoidal air cells after the down-fracture of the maxilla helped in the total removal of the lesions. Most of these lesions had multiple points of origin through the nasal, maxillary, and ethmoidal mucosa; the excellent visualization enabled direct cauterization of all these points of origin. The mean follow-up period was 7.96 years, and all patients were disease-free by the time the study was prepared. This article presents details of the treatment protocol and technique followed at our center for the treatment of nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis and the details of long-term follow-up. Through this study we hope to prove the efficacy of Le Fort I osteotomy in the definitive management of nasopharyngeal rhinosporidiosis.

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Rodionov, N. F., V. V. Kostenko, O. A. Kotel’nikova, and K. V. Igoshkina. "The successful treatment of the combined penetrating gunshot wound of the orbit, ethmoidal labyrinth cells, and sphenoidal sinus containing." Vestnik otorinolaringologii 80, no. 2 (2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/otorino201580273-74.

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Takeno, Sachio, Takaharu Tatsukawa, Hiroko Kawamoto, Noriyuki Fukushima, and Koji Yazin. "Optical analysis of cell membrane dynamics and recycling processes in cultured human ethmoidal cells using a fluorescent dye FM4-64." Nihon Bika Gakkai Kaishi (Japanese Journal of Rhinology) 37, no. 2 (1998): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7248/jjrhi1982.37.2_110.

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Petrulionis, M., N. Valeviciene, I. Paulauskiene, and J. Bruzaite. "Primary extracranial meningioma of the sinonasal tract." Acta Radiologica 46, no. 4 (2005): 415–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02841850510021210.

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Meningiomas occurring outside the cerebrospinal axis can be primary at an extracranial site (nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx) or secondary extending from an intracranial lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of an 8‐year‐old child with primary meningioma before and after surgery have been reviewed and compared to computed tomography and histological evaluation. The child had difficulty breathing through the left nostril and tearing of the left eye. After physical and radiological examination, a tumor comprising the left lower, middle turbinate, and ethmoidal cells was found and radically extirpated. On histological examination, the tumor was identified as meningothelial meningioma. On the basis of the clinical, radiological, and histological features, the tumor was diagnosed as extracranial meningioma of the sinonasal tract. A follow‐up examination 6 months later revealed no evidence of recurrence of the tumor.

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Shrestha, Bikash Lal, and Sameer Karmacharya. "Radiological Analysis of Frontal Cells and its Association with Frontal Sinus Mucosal Disease: A Tertiary Care Hospital Based Study." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 27, no. 1 (2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2019.v27i1.218.

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Abstract:

Introduction The frontal sinus and frontal recess both have complex anatomy causing difficulty during endoscopic sinus surgeries. The term frontal cells is currently used to describe a group of anterior ethmoidal cells classified by Kuhn et al into 4 types. Though there are precise descriptions, the frequency of frontal sinus cells (FSCs) varies widely in the literature. The presence of FSCs is responsible for a narrowing of the frontal sinus outflow tract which subsequently causes a partial obstruction of drainage and aeration of the frontal sinus. Our main aim is to the see the distribution of different frontal cells in Nepali population and relation with frontal sinus mucosal disease.  Materials and Methods This prospective, longitudinal study performed in 110 consecutive patients who underwent CT scan of nose and paranasal sinuses. The frontal cells and agger nasi cells were identified and association between the frontal cells and agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease was analyzed with chi square test.  Results The agger nasi was present in 83.63% CT scans whereas frontal cells were distributed in 61.82% CT (computed tomogram) scans. There was not statistical significance and any association between the frontal cells and agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease.  Conclusion The frontal cells and agger nasi cells distribution in Nepalese population, even though in small sample size, is similar with other studies in the literature. There is also non association of either frontal cells or agger nasi cells with frontal sinus mucosal disease.

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Takeno, Sachio, Takaharu Tatsukawa, Jin Hong Chen, Rika Osada, Hiroko Kawamoto, and Koji Yajin. "Histamine Stimulates Ciliary Beat Frequency and Increases Cell Membrane Recycling Processes Mediated via H1 Receptors in Cultured Human Ethmoidal Epithelial Cells." Practica oto-rhino-laryngologica. Suppl. 1999, Supplement102 (1999): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirinsuppl1986.1999.supplement102_1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Ethmoidal cells'

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