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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethnic communities'
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1
Dwyer-Ryan, Meaghan. "Ethnic Patriotism: Boston's Irish and Jewish Communities, 1880-1929." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1831.
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Thesis advisor: Kevin Kenny<br>This dissertation examines the development of ethnic consciousness in Boston's Irish and Jewish communities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, focusing on several interrelated areas of analysis: religion, public service, ethnic nationalism, and popular culture. As the city's leading non-Protestant groups, Irish and Jews challenged ideas of Yankee superiority, arguing they could retain their ethnic culture and still be respected, patriotic citizens. Both groups consisted of a small middle class of businessmen and professionals and a large immigrant working class. From these factions emerged the competing voices of individuals who sought to find the best way to promote the compatibility of their religion, culture, and ethnic nationalist aspirations with American loyalties. After decades of trying to achieve full acceptance, Irish and Jews saw World War I as the ultimate test of ethnic patriotism; instead of conforming to a prescribed notion of Anglo-Protestant citizenship, they insisted on the centrality of their religion and culture to civic identity. Yet while their war service brought confidence in their rights as ethnic Americans, it did not bring total acceptance. By the 1920s, the Irish controlled local public life, but assumed a defensive posture toward the Yankee elite; Jews, meanwhile, were optimistic regarding interfaith cooperation, despite increasing antisemitism. This study expands on and moves beyond present studies of immigrant acculturation by adding a new comparative dimension. It examines the contested expressions of ethnic patriotism based on class, gender, and generation within two ethnic communities, demonstrating how ethnic groups utilized similar strategies to project a positive public image and articulate their place in society. It also shows the intersection of local, national, and international concerns in the development of ethnic consciousness. Irish and Jews created hybrid ethnic cultures rooted in religion, cultural practices, and mass consumerism that would survive for decades in the city's entrenched ethnic neighborhoods<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: History
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Ul, Karim Iftekhar. "Entrepreneurship in immigrant communities: the case of ethnic enclaves." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11385/222778.
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Entrepreneurship in Immigrant Communities: Prelude to Ethnic Enclaves. Entrepreneurship in Immigrant Communities: The Case of Ethnic Enclaves. Entrepreneurship in Immigrant Communities: Mechanisms of Ethnic Enclaves. Entrepreneurship in Immigrant Communities: Embeddedness of Ethnic Enclaves. Entrepreneurship in Immigrant Communities: Conclusion on Ethnic Enclaves.
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Ihsan, Shehla. "Cultural competency in pharmaceutical care delivery for minority ethnic communities." Thesis, University of Derby, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.732602.
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Lindley, Joanne K. "A further examination of racial discrimination among Britain's ethnic communities." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366174.
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Idriss, Mohammad M. "Honour-based violence in ethnic communities in England and Wales." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2018. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/703774/.
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This PhD is an investigation of honour-based violence (HBV) in England and Wales. It examines the experiences of participants who have faced HBV amidst allegations of staining their families’ reputation. Through multiple frameworks, it addresses important questions that are unanswered in the existing literature: (a) Is HBV a form of domestic violence or is it something distinct? (b) Is ‘patriarchy’ useful to explain acts of HBV perpetrated by women upon other women? (c) What are the recommended methods of intervention and are current methods fit for purpose? The lack of literature and empirical studies on HBV required a qualitative research design to obtain the data to address these questions. The purpose was to acquire an understanding of the processes leading to HBV. Qualitative interviews with thirty key agents and eight survivors were undertaken. The key agents interviewed were professionals who actively assist women to escape abuse and include support workers, police and lawyers. The eight survivors were all female and South Asian in origin. All of the participants were either born or residing in England and Wales at the time of interviews. The key findings reveal that HBV is committed within a domestic violence context, although one survivor’s experience demonstrated violence committed by extended family and community members. This suggests that, on some occasions, HBV may demonstrate qualities different to domestic violence and may therefore be potentially distinct. Survivors were controlled and forced into conforming to patriarchal notions to preserve male ‘honour’ and this was sometimes the case for women who were complicit and coerced by men to perform abusive acts against other women. The findings also reveal that existing methods of intervention are flawed and that inconsistent approaches by state agencies can sometimes endanger women. The evidence requires state agencies to re-evaluate their approach to HBV because they are not meeting the needs of women. Participants recommended community-based initiatives as a form of intervention to promote women’s human rights and to assist in breaking down patriarchal norms that serve to disempower all women. However, they also recognised the challenges of addressing HBV, both within a climate of austerity and with the demonisation of South Asian culture in general.
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Idriss, Mohammad M. "Honour-based violence in ethnic communities in England and Wales." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2018. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/703774/1/Idriss_2018.pdf.
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This PhD is an investigation of honour-based violence (HBV) in England and Wales. It
examines the experiences of participants who have faced HBV amidst allegations of staining
their families’ reputation. Through multiple frameworks, it addresses important questions
that are unanswered in the existing literature: (a) Is HBV a form of domestic violence or is it
something distinct? (b) Is ‘patriarchy’ useful to explain acts of HBV perpetrated by women
upon other women? (c) What are the recommended methods of intervention and are
current methods fit for purpose?
The lack of literature and empirical studies on HBV required a qualitative research design to
obtain the data to address these questions. The purpose was to acquire an understanding of
the processes leading to HBV. Qualitative interviews with thirty key agents and eight
survivors were undertaken. The key agents interviewed were professionals who actively
assist women to escape abuse and include support workers, police and lawyers. The eight
survivors were all female and South Asian in origin. All of the participants were either born
or residing in England and Wales at the time of interviews.
The key findings reveal that HBV is committed within a domestic violence context, although
one survivor’s experience demonstrated violence committed by extended family and
community members. This suggests that, on some occasions, HBV may demonstrate
qualities different to domestic violence and may therefore be potentially distinct. Survivors
were controlled and forced into conforming to patriarchal notions to preserve male
‘honour’ and this was sometimes the case for women who were complicit and coerced by
men to perform abusive acts against other women. The findings also reveal that existing
methods of intervention are flawed and that inconsistent approaches by state agencies can
sometimes endanger women.
The evidence requires state agencies to re-evaluate their approach to HBV because they are
not meeting the needs of women. Participants recommended community-based initiatives
as a form of intervention to promote women’s human rights and to assist in breaking down
patriarchal norms that serve to disempower all women. However, they also recognised the
challenges of addressing HBV, both within a climate of austerity and with the demonisation
of South Asian culture in general.
7
Ross, Karen. "Ethnic stereotypes and television an examination of white students' attitudes towards ethnic stereotypes and television in six midlands colleges /." Thesis, Online version, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.292364.
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Trikha, Sara. "Policing minority ethnic communities : a case study in London's 'Little India'." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/656/.
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The Macpherson Inquiry (1999) was instrumental in forcing into the public domain the issue of police racism, which for decades had been an endemic part of police culture. My thesis, undertaken post Macpherson (1999), examined ongoing tensions in the policing of minority ethnic communities through a case study of policing in London’s ‘Little India’. My thesis highlights the continuing influence of racism in policing, describing a world of policing ethnically diverse communities that is far more complex, variable and contradictory than has yet been documented in the empirical policing literature. I describe how policing in Greenfield was a patchwork of continuity and change, illustrating how, despite the advances the police in Greenfield had made in eradicating overt racism from the organisation, passive prejudice remained rife among officers. Most notably, despite acknowledging Greenfield’s long resident Asian communities as the ‘indigenous population’, officers still had little knowledge about these communities, tending to classify them as ‘Asians’ in a way that obscured, rather than illuminated their diversity. Furthermore, while officers regarded ‘Asians’ as the established communities of Greenfield, new ‘problem populations’ - most notably Somalis, Muslims and travellers - emerged, with officers tending to engage with these communities in antagonistic ways, echoing themes from early studies of race and policing. Yet beneath this somewhat depressing overarching picture of policing, a more complex, contradictory network of attitudes and practice emerged, 3 encompassing both officers who were overtly hostile to ethnic diversity and also examples of inspirational officers committed to reforming the policing of minority ethnic communities. Having described policing in Greenfield, I conclude by discussing the wider ramifications for police legitimacy and democracy in Britain, arguing that until greater emphasis is placed on ensuring that the police support the equitable principles of democracy, the police in Greenfield and other areas will continue to fail the marginalised people who most need their services.
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Tran, Linh Thuy. "Contested imagined communities : higher education for ethnic minority students in Vietnam." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31285.
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As a country with 54 ethnic groups, including 53 officially designated "ethnic
minority groups," Vietnam has recognized the importance of enhancing education for ethnic
minorities. However, despite the government's efforts to increase educational opportunities
for ethnic minority students, the latter often do not have access to the same education as their
counterparts of the major ethnic group, the Kinh. In this study, the concept of "imagined
communities" (Anderson 1991) is applied to analyze national governmental policies on
ethnic minorities, curricular structure in the Department of Ethnic Minority Cultures at the
Hanoi University of Culture, Vietnam, and the perspectives of professors and students in the
department. Three months of field research were conducted in Vietnam, and included: (a) an
analysis of national and institutional policy documents, (b) observation at the university, and
(c) interviews with professors and ethnic minority students enrolled in the program.
The findings of this study show that imagined communities envisioned for ethnic
minority students by the government, professors and students themselves are diverse and
contested. The contestation of imagined communities on higher education for ethnic minority
students in Vietnam shows a clear intersection between power and knowledge. Through
education, the government, with its power, has great influence on educational activities
which affect the identities of ethnic minority students. Educational settings, in some sense,
become the place of social and cultural reproduction where "organic" knowledge of ethnic
minority students is discounted. Finally, this study gives a description of my personal
transformation after conducting this research. It shows how this research has changed my
own mindset and thinking about ethnic minority cultures in general and higher education for
ethnic minority students in Vietnam in particular.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational Studies (EDST), Department of<br>Graduate
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Herz, Lorrie A. "Immigration to Norwich, Connecticut : a comparison of three Catholic ethnic communities /." View abstract, 2001. http://library.ccsu.edu/ccsu%5Ftheses/showit.php3?id=1629.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Central Connecticut State University, 2001.<br>Thesis advisor: Heather Munroe Prescott. " ... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-91).
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Parmar, Beena. "Working with black minority ethnic children and adults." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36756/.
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Research has indicated that working with black minority ethnic clients, is an area that creates some uncertainty for health and social care staff. Although, policies and practices are changing and developing there continues to be some ambiguity and ambivalence around working with individuals from different ethnic groups. This thesis considers two situations on a clinical level in which working with minority ethnic clients might raise additional dilemmas and challenges. These include working therapeutically with an ethnically dissimilar adult in therapy and working with black minority ethnic children in domestic violence situations. The first paper is a review of literature on addressing race in cross-racial therapy. In particular this paper focuses on how clinicians might bring up the issue of race in therapy, the factors which influence a therapist in discussing race and outcome studies in which race has been addressed in cross-racial therapy. The second paper is an empirical study exploring health and social care professionals’ perceptions and experiences of working with black minority ethnic children who are in domestic violence situations. This paper examines professionals’ perceptions of these children's family and of the wider professional system and considers how these two factors result in ongoing challenges for professionals working in this field. The paper also examines how these perceptions and dilemmas influence practice. The final paper is a reflective account of the hidden stories that were uncovered within me as researcher, participants and children throughout my research journey. In summary, the three papers demonstrate the important of remaining open in working with black minority ethnic clients, taking the time to understand the multiple influences within their lives and considering them as individuals rather than labelling. The papers also indicated the importance of having the confidence to ask questions about racial difference and in domestic violence situations where stories may remain hidden.
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McMillan, Kathleen Margaret. "The minority ethnic group experience in Scottish higher education." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5893/.
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This study explores the contexts and learning experiences of a group of minority ethnic group learners as higher education students in the University of Dundee. The research serves a scoping purpose, aiming to examine the influences, values, attitudes, behaviours and policies that affect the learning experiences of these bilingual minority ethnic group students in the monocultural and monolingual Scottish educational system. An initial exploration of these factors lays the foundation for the further aim of appraising the ways in which ethnicity, cultural values and bilingualism contribute to the learning profile of such students. Quantitative data were obtained from public domain statistical records, and qualitative data from a pilot postal questionnaire, focus group meetings and single or paired interviews. Research literature underpinning and informing the study draws from various fields including anthropology, bilingual education, demography, cognitive psychology, education, language acquisition, linguistics and sociology. The voices of the students combine to provide a powerful commentary of their experiences and this gives rise to the emergence of several themes in this research. A key theme, the importance of identity, is one that is woven through this work. Changing emphases can be observed in the developing Ethnic, Academic and Global modes of Self as these mutate in response to tensions that arise for the students as they straddle the dichotomy of heritage and educational cultures. The difference that distinguishes resident bilinguals from dominant ethnic group students can be seen in their differing language profiles. Problematic aspects of learning at university can apply to all learners, but such difficulties seem to be accentuated in the case of resident bilinguals. The acquisition of academic literacies is one such problematic area and, while both resident bilingual and dominant ethnic group students can be challenged in these areas, this can be in subtly different ways.
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Whiteside, David. "Desire for inclusion in association football amongst minority ethnic communities in England." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9060.
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This thesis examines the desire for inclusion in association football amongst minority ethnic communities in England. The thesis is based on two case studies informed by semi-structured qualitative interviews. These case studies focus on two minority ethnic groups, the Asian community in Bury and the black community in the City of Liverpool, and the relationship of these respective communities with local professional football clubs (specifically Bury FC and Everton FC). The thesis notes that despite, by most objective measures, football grounds being less dangerous places to visit nowadays, members of minority ethnic groups continue to reject live spectatorship. Such rejection exists despite evidence of engagement in football amongst the male members of these minority ethnic groups. Asian respondents expressed little civic pride in Bury or interest in Bury FC, and thus their rejection of spectatorship opportunities was unconscious. Data from black respondents identified widespread sense of belonging and identification with the City of Liverpool, but conscious rejection of spectatorship at Everton FC. Despite recognition of the clubs anti-racist work black respondents argued that the idea persists that Everton are institutionally racist with racist fans. While such a perception had also previously been ascribed to Liverpool FC (Everton s near neighbours), such perceptions had changed quicker at Liverpool FC, who appear more effective at attracting minority ethnic spectators. A number of factors emerged that contribute to the continued rejection of spectatorship amongst British minority ethnic groups at professional football clubs. One of these is the perception that football clubs are unwelcoming places and white spaces . Fear of racism and fear of violence were also often cited although these were found not to be absolute in nature for either minority ethnic group. Indeed, evidence from both groups found that they are developing their own we image rather than internalising their own group disgrace , though it is also argued that Elias and Scotson s notion of two groups, the established (white s) and the outsiders (blacks), is too simplistic and a more fluid conceptualisation is called for. Overall, the data illustrated that the identities of members of minority ethnic groups are complex, multifunctional, context specific and fragmented and thus so are their relationships with football.
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Gaskins, Nettrice. "Techno-vernacular creativity, innovation and learning in underrepresented ethnic communities of practice." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/53163.
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A model for ‘techno-vernacular’ creative production as an area of practice that investigates the characteristics of this production and its application in STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, Mathematics) learning was proposed. This dissertation consists of a study involving four workshops conducted between 2013 and 2014 that sought to examine the impact of the following combined methods a) culturally situated design, which connects vernacular art and crafts with standards-based STEM principles and allows users to simulate and develop their own creations; b) art-based learning, which is effective in stimulating the development of 21st century skills such as creativity, learning, and innovation; and c) educational applications of new technologies on UEG learning in STEAM. Findings show that this combination led to an increase in interest and motivation among UEGs. This study demonstrates the connection between technical literacy, diversity, and culture through TVC taxonomy and a learning ecology for teaching STEAM. This research aims to make a significant contribution to interdisciplinary education by bringing the culturally situated design and arts-based learning communities to STEAM through the learning sciences and to further scientific understanding of UEG interest and motivation as a model to inform future research.
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Phiri, Peter. "Adapting cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis for black and minority ethnic communities." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/379637/.
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Background: Studies of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for psychosis 'a debilitating illness of the mind, often characterised by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusional beliefs, thought disorder and bizarre behaviours' demonstrate that African Caribbean and Black African patients have higher drop-out rates and poor outcomes from treatment. Aims: a). To produce a culturally sensitive adaption of an existing CBT manual for therapists working with patients with psychosis from African-Caribbean, Black- African/Black British, and South Asian Muslim communities. b). To assess the effectiveness of culturally adapted CBT for psychosis in this population. Method: Part 1: A two centre qualitative study consisting of individual semi-structured interviews with patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizo-affective, delusional disorders or psychosis (n=15); focus groups with lay members (n=52); CBT therapists (n=22) and mental health practitioners (n=25). Data was analysed thematically using evolving themes and content analysis. NVivo 8 was used to manage and explore data. Part 2: The recommendations were used to inform adaptation of CBTp. A randomised controlled trial was conducted in three centres in the UK. A total of 35 participants were recruited. Assessors blind to randomisation and treatment allocation administered outcome measures at three-time points; baseline, post-therapy and at 6 months follow-up using the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) and Insight in Psychosis Scale. Participants in the CaCBTp arm (n=16) were offered 16 sessions of therapy and completed Patient Experience Questionnaire (PEQ) post-treatment. Treatment as usual (TAU: n=17) arm continued with standard their treatment. Results: Analysis was based on the principles of intention to treat (ITT). This was further supplemented with secondary sensitivity analysis. Post-treatment the intervention group showed statistically significant reductions in symptomatology on overall CPRS scores, CaCBTp group, Mean (SD) = 16.23 (10.77), TAU = 18.60(14.84); p = 0.047, with a difference in change of 11.31 (95% CI: 0.14 to 22.49; CPRS subscales showed significant effect in CaCBTp over TAU. Adjustment was made for age, gender and medication. Overall satisfaction on the PEQ was significantly correlated with the number of sessions attended (r= .563; p = 0.003). Conclusion: Participants in the CaCBTp group achieved statistically significant improvement post-treatment compared to the TAU. Attrition rates were low and therapy experience and satisfaction were highly rated. The findings will have implications for a definitively powered phase III RCT. A CaCBTp training manual in is preparation.
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Kigera, Kathryn. "A Critical Examination of Change in Interpersonal Relationships among Youth from Different Ethnic Communities as a Result of Ethnic Conflict." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10605752.
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<p> This study examined interpersonal relationships among youth from different ethnic communities. The purpose of this study was to examine interpersonal relationships among youth from different ethnic communities in Kenya, especially the vulnerable population of individuals with disabilities, and the ways interpersonal relationships between youth from different ethnic communities change as a result of ethnic conflict. This study utilized survey methodology to gain a better understanding of interpersonal relationships between youth from different ethnic communities and individuals with disabilities. The sample of the survey comprised 42 participants between the ages of 18 and 35 who were in Kenya during the postelection conflict of 2007 and 2008. This study found that some participants experienced strain in their friendships with individuals from different ethnic communities, particularly those that were fighting against one another. Both participation in and harmful action against individuals with disabilities were also reported. However, the experience of youth with disabilities was not dissimilar to that of their nondisabled peers. This study has the capacity to lead to additional studies with a larger sample size within and outside of Kenya, and to break apart key findings into individual studies.</p><p>
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Brandt, Birgit. "The transformation of modern citizenship ethnic minorities and the politics of citizenship in Germany." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/59536/.
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This study examines through a case study of Germany and its politics of citizenship vis-a-vls members of ethnic minorities a) the deficiencies of a nationally bound concept of citizenship in countries of immigration; b) the transformation of citizenship into a concept that is increasingly oblivious to national borders as a result of international migration and ethnic heterogeneity. This is a development that takes place despite strenuous efforts by the nation state to maintain a nationally bounded notion of citizenship; c) finally, the role of members of ethnic minorities in inducing this transformation will be analysed by focussing on the case of Berliners of Turkish origin. The thesis is an original contribution to the development of sociological accounts of citizenship for three reasons: First, it integrates three central debates around citizenship - as regards legal status, rights and participation. Second, it contributes to the development of a new dimension to citizenship studies by analysing the social construction of citizenship from below. Finally, it provides important empirical findings that illuminate current debates on citizenship which have so far been highly abstract and theoretical. The thesis is based on empirical research that was carried out in Berlin in October/November 1996, from April to June 1997 and in May 1998. In this context, I conducted interviews with civil servants, officials and politicians at the national and city level; with members/employees of social initiatives, academics and journalists. Furthermore, I carried out qualitative, semistructured interviews with a) young Berliners of Turkish origin, and with persons of the same background who are b) active members of German political parties and trade unions; c) active in immigrant organisations.
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Peloe, Andrew Alexander. "The spatial dynamics of Britain's ethnic communities : population change and migration in London." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369703.
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Hasmath, Reza. "The management of ethnic difference in mixed communities : case study, Beijing and Toronto." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611269.
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Minou, Masoumeh. "Physical activity promotion of ethnic populations in deprived communities : from determinants to intervention." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2011. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6014/.
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Lyon, Aisling. "Decentralisation and the Management of Ethnic Conflict: A Case Study of the Republic of Macedonia." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5693.
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This thesis considers the extent to which decentralisation in the Republic of Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has been effective in reducing ethnic inequalities that exacerbate social divisions and can lead to conflict. Guided by the concept of horizontal inequalities, it identifies the factors which influenced the decision to devolve responsibilities to the municipalities after 2001. It examines the particular institutional design that Macedonian decentralisation took, and demonstrates how its use of local power-sharing mechanisms was intended to address the concerns of the Albanian and Macedonian communities simultaneously. This thesis takes an integrative approach to studying the political, administrative, and fiscal dimensions of decentralisation's implementation, and considers whether the reform has indeed contributed to the reduction of inequalities between Macedonia's ethnic groups. Where decentralisation's potential has not been reached, obstacles to its successful implementation are identified. While decentralisation alone may be unable to address all of the grievances raised by the Albanian community prior to 2001, this thesis argues that the reform has the potential to address many of the horizontal inequalities that were responsible for raising inter-ethnic tensions during the 1990s. However, decentralisation in Macedonia between 2005 and 2012 has only been partial, and advances in the administrative and political aspects of the reform have been undermined by limited progress in its fiscal dimension. Attempts to solve self-determination conflicts through decentralisation will fail if local self-governance exists only in form but not in substance.
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Ortega, Selena. "Chavez Ravine and Boyle Heights| 20th and 21st Century Displacement of Mexican Communities." Thesis, California State University, Los Angeles, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10245743.
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<p> This study examines and analyzes displacement, under the guise of redevelopment, in urban Mexican communities in Los Angeles-- Chávez Ravine (1944-1959) and Boyle Heights (2000-2015). This investigation also chronicles and interprets the urban renewal process as a systematic attack on the Mexican working- class and disenfranchisement of their communities. This analysis presents qualitative evidence to show the individual impacts associated with involuntary displacement. Furthermore these cases of displacement blocked the economic mobility of displaced residents of Chávez Ravine and Boyle Heights and the impact extends beyond those directly displaced. Beyond gentrification, a review of these cases, within approximately seven decades of displacement patterns, reveal the broader politics of contesting Mexican social and economic status in Los Angeles. Redevelopment maintains an economic and social order that intergenerationally disadvantages Mexican populations.</p>
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Arlidge, Simon. "Leisure, recreation and the English countryside : perceptions from South Asian communities." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340822.
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Anderson, Chingun. "Essays on institutions, ethnic divisions and poverty." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/19954/.
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What is the relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and the ability of the poor to organize and influence democratic governments to improve their welfare? Political scientists and economists have argued that democracies are superior to non-democracies for improving poverty outcomes because they are advantaged with institutional mechanisms such as universal suffrage and majority rule. Yet, there are numerous cases where democracy has done little to help the poor. Through a series of essays, I examine the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of democracy and oil revenue on poverty. I argue that ethnic heterogeneity reduces the likelihood that poor citizens will organize and pressure political elites to provide public goods and services that improve their general welfare. As a result, democracy and oil revenue are less likely to improve poverty outcomes when the poor are ethnically heterogeneous compared to being homogeneous. The first chapter presents a cross-national study to help us understand the general effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effects of democracy on poverty. The results are not statistically significant. It is not clear if the lack of significance is due to notable endogeneity issues or that the hypothesis is wrong. For that reason, the second chapter takes advantage of an institutional natural experiment in Indonesia to produce more reliable results. The results show that ethnic heterogeneity of the poor significantly affects the effect of elections on the majority of the dependent variables. In the third chapter, I test the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of oil revenue among Brazilian municipalities. The revenues local democratic governments depend upon increased significantly due to the sharp increase of offshore oil royalties and world oil prices from early 1990s to the early 2010s. This allows me to measure the effects of ethnic heterogeneity of the poor on the effect of oil revenue on poverty at the municipal level. Results suggest that ethnic heterogeneity of the poor does not significantly affect the effect of local oil revenue on poverty outcomes in Brazil.
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Stanislas, Perry. "Models of organisation and leadership behaviour amongst ethnic minority communities and policing in Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1901/.
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This thesis examines how the cultural, social and economic characteristics of the African-Caribbean community shape the type of policing problems experienced, and its response to these issues. Central to the problems encountered by this community is the historic role played by racism in shaping important aspects of its ethnic group behaviour. In order to elucidate these issues, a comparison of Jews and Hindu communities was undertaken. Drawing from cultural history, sociologies of race and ethnicity, organisational theory and criminology, the research highlights how the African-Caribbean community has evolved a particular tendency towards specific models of organisations and leadership strategies, premised on notions of group identity. The Jewish and Hindu communities also have developed preferred ways of approaching issues, which are examined in turn. Each approach seeks to address complex problems which leaders are called to tackle and have important implications for the strategies adopted. The second part of the study presents evidence collected between 1993-1995 in a North West borough of London, and highlights the similarity of concerns between particular ethnic communities and the role played by the African-Caribbean community as a source of much of these problems, as well as being a victim of a range of difficult policing problems of its own. The research found that while particular ethnic groups were able effectively to address specific policing concerns, the African-Caribbean had some unique constraints limiting its effectiveness. The principal set of constraints affecting them was found to be the greater number of structural problems it faced, and highlights the intrinsic relationship between the problems experienced by this ethnic community and how this is determined by broader political considerations. These difficulties were exacerbated by the group's own internal differences creating ongoing communal and organisational instability.
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Gozler, Elif. "Turkey's first participatory constitution-making attempt and its reflections on ethnic and religious communities." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/17947.
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Making a new constitution has always been an issue in Turkey's political agenda since the 1982 Constitution came into power as a result of a coup d'état. The Constitution has been amended several times during thirty-three years, yet the authoritarian spirit of the Constitution remained unchanged. Therefore, the 1982 Constitution is considered as an impediment to achieve a truly democratic order. The new constitution is considered as a solution to the equal citizenship problems of the citizens from different ethnic and religious communities. These communities have suffered from the restrictive provisions of the 1982 Constitution such as compulsory religious classes, centralist local administration, ethnicity based citizenship definition, and the monist structure of the Directorate of Religious Affairs. These provisions prevented the citizens from different ethnic and religious backgrounds from enjoying their citizenship equally. Following the 2011 general elections, all the parties in the Parliament agreed on making a new constitution and established a Constitutional Reconciliation Commission based on the unanimity and the equal representation of the political parties. The Commission also adopted the participatory models, for the new constitution-making process for the first time. In accordance with the participatory models, the Commission organised a public consultation process to collect the public views as much as possible. Civil society organisations representing the various segments of society mobilised and participated in the process to a large extent. Ethnic and religious communities also showed a great interest to the new constitution-making process in an unprecedented scale because for the first time in Turkey's history, they were officially invited by the state to contribute to an important decision-making process. This study aims to discover the activities, demands and the influence of the ethnic and religious communities in the new constitution-making process. The participatory constitution-making model was practiced for the first time in Turkey. Moreover, the participation of ethnic and religious communities makes this occasion a very unique experience which needs to be examined carefully. In order to understand the minority participation, in-depth interviews were conducted with the Commission members and the representatives of the participating communities. Also, the proposals of the political parties and the reports of the participating communities were examined. More importantly, the proceedings of the hearing and the drafting sessions were analysed to understand the influence of these communities on the process as a whole. The issues regarding the problems of the ethnic and religious communities were the most controversial ones in the drafting process. As a matter of fact, these issues overlapped the 'red lines' of the parties and eventually halted the process. When examining the proceedings of the drafting process, the demands and the problems of the ethnic and religious communities found a very limited place in the discussions of the parties. In this respect, it was observed that the traditional attitude of the state towards the ethnic and religious communities was reproduced in the drafting process. Proposing a constitutional solution for these demands was the only way to make the new constitution to be truly 'new'. However, such an important process was ruined due the political contention between parties.
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Armitage, Richard Norris. "Issues of religious diversity affecting visible minority ethnic police personnel in the work place." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2007. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/44/.
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This thesis focuses on issues of religious diversity affecting police personnel in the workplace. The importance of these issues became apparent as a consequence of research, which I had previously undertaken. In 1995, I succeeded in gaining a Police Research Group Award to investigate chaplaincy within the police service. The research led to the publication of Police Chaplaincy – Servant to the Service. The paper was well received, but criticised for its lack of references to multi-faith chaplaincy to the police service. It was an appropriate criticism, especially as it became apparent that no previous research had addressed this issue. Initial investigation revealed that little, if any, analysis had been offered concerning the wider religious needs of police personnel recruited from the multi-cultural and religiously diverse society of Britain. Research into multi-faith chaplaincy to the police service was only one issue in the overall consideration of the religious needs of police personnel. The focus of my research thesis was therefore determined. The research would examine the multi-faceted issues of religious diversity affecting visible minority ethnic police personnel in the workplace specifically from 1995 to December 2003. This thesis neither engages in theological / philosophical debates concerning the encounter between religions, nor concentrates on theoretical / conceptual discussions. Its primary concern is to augment such discussion with practical and contextual issues that are highlighted in the complex sociological, political and economical contexts of the police service and similar institutions. The research offers a comprehensive and contextual examination of issues of religious diversity which impact on the police service; these issues include ethnicity, religious discrimination, employment law, policy and practice. As these concerns have not been previously examined in such contextual detail, the thesis will contribute to an academic understanding of issues that impact on religious diversity in the working environment and enhance the development of the multi-ethnic society of Britain. As the analysis makes recommendations, the research also offers a useful resource to those responsible for the creation of policies that directly relate to the employment of minority ethnic personnel within the police service. The research is consequently of benefit to the police service and other service providers.
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Joo, Jaewon. "The discursive construction of discrimination : the representation of ethnic diversity in the Korean public service broadcasting news." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/344/.
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Globalisation has intensified the international movement of labour and South Korea is no exception. Korea, which in the past was itself a labour-exporting country, has seen a reversal in human mobility since the late 1990's with a rapid growth in immigration and a transformation of a previously almost ethnically homogenous society. However, studies on migrant and ethnic minority groups in Korea have primarily focussed on such areas as industrial law and social policy. In this context, the important questions about the cultural and political implications associated with the construction of minority representations in the media have remained highly unexplored. The starting point of this study is an examination of the vital role of public service broadcasting (PSB) in Korean society, where ethnic minorities have increasingly become visible. Korean PSB's mandate, following the BBC model, emphasises the broadcaster‟s responsibility to represent and reflect the range of public opinion and experiences beyond class, age, ethnicity and ideological orientation. Despite this commitment what this study shows is that PSB in South Korea has failed to fairly represent the culturally diverse groups within Korean society. The main purpose of this study is to empirically examine the means through which PSB generates discourses of We-ness and Otherness at times of change in the Korean society. Empirically, the study focuses on primetime PSB news visual and textual representations of migrants and ethnic minorities. With the use of critical discourse analysis (CDA) it demonstrates that PSB gives a concrete form to the ideological constructions of Otherness, sometimes transforming subtle cultural or social differences into fundamental and oppositional ones. Korean PSB appears to be ideologically biased toward nationalism, while in its visual and textual representations it constructs ideological systems of social and racial stratification, with Southeast Asian migrants constantly represented as the ultimate Others. The study shows the significant role of PSB in representing cultural diversity in public debates and the ways in which such representations and their dissemination reflect media power.
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Bennett, Philip Christopher. "Peripheral arterial disease amongst minority ethnic groups in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4726/.
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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), a common manifestation of atherosclerosis, is an important healthcare problem with considerable morbidity and mortality. Intermittent claudication (IC) is the commonest symptomatic manifestation of this disease. This thesis investigates the prevalence of PAD in South Asians (people originating from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) and Blacks (Black African, Black Caribbean) and makes ethnic comparisons of its associations with traditional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory and haemostatic biomarkers and markers of angiogenesis in these ethnic groups. This thesis also makes associations between common carotid intima media thickness, a marker of pre-clinical atherosclerosis, traditional cardiovascular risk factors and novel biomarkers. Furthermore this thesis validates translated versions of the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire into Punjabi and Urdu.
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Srinivasan, Ragini Tharoor. "The Smithsonian Beside Itself: Exhibiting Indian Americans in the Era of New India." University of Minnesota Press, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625791.
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Rubio, Laura Gabriela. "Displacement, territoriality and exile : the construction of ethnic and national identities in Tibetan refugee communities." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556650.
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Craig, Wilson Cecil. "Police leaders working in partnership with minority ethnic communities in the UK : a leadership model." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428814.
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Romain, Gemma. "Autobiographical acts, ethnic memory and history of African-Caribbean and Jewish communities in twentieth century Britain." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392580.
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Holley, Lynn Carol. "Ethnic agencies in communities of color : a study of missions, services, structures, and capacity-building needs /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11152.
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Foster, Paul J. "Cambodia in the Mill City: The Place-Making Influence of an Urban Ethnic Enclave." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/geosciences_theses/54.
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In Lowell, Massachusetts, a city with a long history of serving as a magnet for immigrants, the Cambodian community is both the most recent and most populous immigrant group that has helped transformed this postindustrial city into one of the most ethnically diverse in New England. This research seeks to explore the ways in which the development and growth of an ethnic community can influence the place-making process and built environment of cities. Specifically, this thesis conducts a case study of the Cambodian community in Lowell, Massachusetts, and examines the ways in which the development of this specific urban ethnic community has helped to shape the post-industrial city in which it is found, and how Lowell has influenced Cambodian-American ethnic identity.
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Laurence, James. "Does ethnic diversity pose a threat to social cohesion? : an investigation into the relationship between diversity, social capital and inter-ethnic relations in the UK communities." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572605.
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The claim that 'ethnic diversity poses a threat to social cohesion' has become almost ubiquitous in the political discourse of race and immigration 'i"the UK. This claim has emerged alongside (and later drawn from) a growing body of academic research which suggests greater ethnic diversity is associated with lower levels of 'social capital' and' social trust'. This thesis examines the validity of this politically-sensitive statement by investigating four previously unexplored avenues of enquiry. This includes: (1) a dual-analysis of the effect of ethnic diversity on local 'social capital' and community 'inter-ethnic relations'; (2) an analysis into the mechanisms which account for the effect of community diversity on 'social cohesion'; (3) an investigation into the (neglected) role of segregation in the current diversity/'social cohesion' debate; and (4) a test of the causal assumptions regarding the effect of diversity, implicit in the current empirical research. Through the application of multi- level cross-sectional and panel-data modelling techniques, this thesis demonstrates that increasing ethnic diversity can undermine 'social cohesion'; however, on the whole, it is only in specific communities and amongst specific individuals. We show that neighbourhood diversity only undermines attitudes such as 'neighbour trust', and levels of 'weak-tie social connectivity', in more segregated wider- communities. Identically diverse neighbourhoods, nested within integrated wider- communities, exhibit just as much 'neighbourliness' and 'weak-tie connectivity' as homogeneous neighbourhoods. We also reveal that diversity's effect on community 'inter-ethnic relations' is substantially moderated by both: (1) the level of community disadvantage, and (2) whether an individual possesses 'bridging' ties or not. We find it is only individuals in disadvantaged communities who do not possess 'bridging' ties that report greater community 'inter-ethnic tensions' with increasing diversity. Whilst some important differences exist in how these relationships apply to 'majority' and 'minority' ethnic populations, the striking similarities in the effect of diversity on both groups far out-weighs the differences. Yet, whilst demonstrating that the effect of diversity is highly context-specific, we observe that increasing socio-economic disadvantage directly undermines both 'neighbourliness' and community 'inter-ethnic relations'. Furthermore, the pejorative effect of disadvantage is (for the most part) unrelated to either the 'quantity' or 'quality' of 'social connectivity'. We conclude by suggesting that policy initiatives need to be refocused to address the much more detrimental and pervasive effects of disadvantage for' social cohesion' in the UK. APPROXIMATE WORD COUNT: 99,500
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O'Brian, Katie. "Filipina Caregivers and Domestic Workers in Southern Taiwan: Communities and Human Rights." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28824.
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This thesis is an ethnographic explorative case study of Filipina caregivers and domestic workers in Taiwan, based on seven months of field research. It combines participant observation, interviews with Filipina household workers and migrant worker NGO representatives and church workers, and a review of written materials from these NGOs. Using Arjun Appadurai's (1996) theoretical framework on landscapes and the production of locality, it explores how Filipina household workers create locality in the production of transnational ethnoscapes, as well as how they demand the recognition of their rights within the transnational ideoscapes of human rights. I found that Filipinas create locality through the creation and use of Filipino spaces, including the Catholic Church, Filipino restaurants and shops, and public spaces likes parks. With respect to human rights, I found that Filipina household workers demand the recognition of their human rights through the assistance of the Church and migrant workers NGOs, but with limited success.
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Unutulmaz, Kadir Onur. "Football and immigrant communities : transnational diaspora politics, identities, and integration in Turkish-speaking ethnic football in London." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:595c95fc-b99f-4dae-b238-f74776f3f6ba.
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This thesis is on the Turkish-speaking community, comprising Turkish-Cypriots, Turks from Turkey, and Kurds from Turkey, and ethnic community football in London, which has been conceptualised as a transnational social field. It is intended as a contribution in the debates on the growing importance of issues of diasporic communities, their identity politics, and cultural integration in a context of ‘super-diversity’. There are three major analytical themes. The first is transnational diaspora politics, which is redefined to comprise any relationship of power or interest by mobilising diasporic connections. I argue that the Turkish-speaking community uses ethnic football as a means for communal mobilisation around and representation of their ethnic identity in the public space of London, a city of unique political-economic and symbolic significance for the Cyprus Conflict which helped create the Turkish and Greek Cypriot football leagues in London. I show that the Turkish-speaking community has ever since used football to create and maintain a bridge between London and all the different locations of the community including Cyprus, Turkey, Germany, and beyond. The second major theme is collective identities and how they are (re)produced, represented, and manifested in the diaspora. I argue that the nature of the field of ethnic football as a familiar, open, and welcoming space conveniently positioned between the Turkish-speaking private sphere and the British/Londoner public space has been a major factor accounting for the effectiveness of various identity projects to be pursued within this field. Lastly, after presenting the historical link between modern competitive sports and masculinity, I claim that the one defining aspect of all the ethnic identities reproduced within the field is their masculine character. The last analytical theme is the cultural integration of immigrant communities. Without adopting a normative definition of cultural integration, I have considered the implications of involvement in ethnic community football in terms of belonging, social inclusion, marginalisation, and the psychological development and well-being of the individuals involved. The presented and analysed discussion rejects any automatic causal link between involvement in sports and integration or that involvement in mono-ethnic sporting organisations and segregation. Having reviewed a few exemplary organisations, which used football for integration purposes, and the nature of the ethnic community leagues, I have also argued in this thesis that the field of ethnic community football, again due to its specific nature, structure, and position between the private and public spaces, offers a great potential to be engaged by local and national governments in the service of integration policies.
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Kuzu, Durukan. "Shifting paradigms : null remedies for national minorities from civic egalitarianism to ethnic multiculturalism : a context sensitive approach." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/880/.
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National minorities, who claim autonomy and self-government rights, have always been a controversial problem in the fields of international law, political theory and nationalism. Multiculturalism and egalitarianism are two approaches that have long been discussed in all of these fields and implemented in various contexts. The success of policies that seem to be associated with these two approaches, however, has varied from one case to another. This study asks if failures of these approaches have anything to do with the contexts in which they take place. If so, what is the context in which these approaches prove to be futile? Theorists themselves explain aspects of an ideal context under which their theories can become fruitful. These ideal contexts and circumstances are, however, unrealistic; and their assumptions about the nature of social relationships do not always correspond with the reality. This study aims to find a more reliable criterion to assess the applicability of multiculturalism and egalitarianism. The thesis explains the relationship between national minorities and the state through a phenomenological paradigm. In this paradigm national minorities, the thesis argues, vary according to the state nationalisms they have experienced in the past. The thesis analyses the relational nature of minority and state nationalisms from this inter-subjective perspective. Within this framework, this study posits the hypothesis that multiculturalism and egalitarianism cannot produce viable solutions to the problems of national minorities who were persistently exposed to the policies of forced assimilation and civic state nationalism. The study reveals that a certain strand of multiculturalism that is ethnocentric cannot come to terms with such national minorities under the integrationist civic state nationalism because, from an inter-subjective perspective, the boundaries between the majority and the minority communities in this context are more fluid and diverse than they would otherwise have been. In such cases, resorting to ethno-centric multiculturalism and promoting the ‘authentic’ ethnic identities hampers the very diversity it seeks to promote. The thesis suggests that differenceblind egalitarianism is equally problematic in such cases because it cannot come to terms with the systematic injustice and the concomitant conflict that the policies of forced assimilation have created. As such its implementation weakens the very equality it seeks to promote. In order to explore and test this hypothesis, the dissertation makes use of a single in-depth case study of Turkey. In the period of candidacy for accession to the EU, Turkey is currently experimenting with ethnocentric multiculturalism to accommodate its Kurdish population more equitably. In Turkey, however, neither the contemporary discourse of ethno-centric multiculturalism nor the historical implementation of difference-blind egalitarianism seems to be a viable option from a liberal perspective. Observing the reasons for this failure enables the reader to develop a new insight to identify the cases where those theoretical perspectives could be more successful. Mindful of the fact that generalizing from a single case study is difficult, the case of Turkey will also be situated within a study of comparative cases to test the consistency of the hypothesis in this dissertation.
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Wade, Charles H. "ETHNIC DIVISIONS IN A GLOBALIZING LATIN AMERICAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PERUVIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTIAGO DE CHILE." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1070584638.
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Bidmead, Pat. "Differences in presentation of white, black, Asian and oriental ethnic groups in British comic and magazine publications for children." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1998. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4218/.
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My interest in comics began at about ten years of age. Reading difficulties and a dismissal as stupid by one of my primary school teachers left me believing that reading was beyond my capabilities. One morning when walking reluctantly to school I saw a comic lying in the gutter. Attracted by the bright colours I picked it up, I could not read the title 'Dandy' but the picture stories meant for the first time I could follow a narrative. Quickly I realised that the pictorial content gave me clues to the dialogue presented in the 'bubbles'. Reading for me was a possibility and I soon became addicted to a diet of comics. Unfortunately the racist nature of British society was reflected in those comic strips. Brought up in an environment where there were no visible black faces most of my racial education was from the society around me and the comics I read. I did not realise how deeply ingrained the racial conceptions were until I attempted to draw my own comic strip to amuse two small children for whom I had frequent care. Without thinking I automatically reproduced the same kind of stereotypes to be found in the comics I had read. Soon racial inequalities were to become a central concern in my life. I became conscious of the pervasiveness of racism in society and this consciousness increased as I embarked on a mixed race marriage generally disapproved of in the white dominated society of the early 1950s. My experience as a mother of mixed race children led me to join various anti-racist groups and thus become interested in all aspects of racial injustice. A combination of factors encouraged the undertaking of this research amongst them being, a teacher first, of young children and later of adolescents. A further influence came from the literature I read which encouraged me to write articles on the subject for such magazines as Roots and Youth in society. As a consequence of my past experiences and these articles this research project took shape and I make no apology for the fact that feelings and experiences have entered into the research process. The pre-occupying concern of this research is to investigate the degree of equality in presentations of white, black, Asian and Oriental groups in comics and magazines for children. The central aim is to locate any unjustifiable differences in the presentations. Each of the Chapters in this study attempts to deal with a specific area, related to racism and collectively they attempt to supply evidence to support an argument that presentation of black group characters is mostly concerned with negative portrayals. The opening chapter commences with a declaration of aims and objectives and proceeds with a discussion of the nature of racism followed by theoretical approaches and the general methodology available for analysing comic texts. A standard content analysis is adopted in order to extract the necessary figures involved in the distribution of imagery across the ethnic groups presented in the comic literature. Without this preliminary exercise another important objective of the study would be impossible, that is, to interpret the figures in a more refined, qualitative manner in the hope that some of the subtle details of stereotyping will emerge. Chapter Two reviews the historical development of comics and magazines and the influence of this development on racial imagery. Chapter Three concentrates on the construction of appropriate headings under which to place ethnic groups appearing in the comics in order that they might be analysed by the use of checklists which draw on the common usage of stereotypes, present established checklists, and other literature for children. Chapters Four, Five, Six and Seven focus on the analysis of a number of specific aspects commencing with areas where black Asian and Oriental characters are included and excluded. Chapter Five takes issue with the presentation of principal characters, while chapter Six investigates the reality or otherwise of a number of racial myths. Chapter Seven concerns itself with the distribution and nature of verbal and non-verbal contacts between ethnic groups and Chapter Eight consists of a number of case studies using the original visual comic material in an attempt to illustrate the nature of the racism within the comic sample. The final chapter is a review of the findings from the comics and magazines brought together and conclusions drawn from the data to see if there are a significant number of unfair differences in the presentations of white, black, Asian and Oriental groups. After a brief summary of the major findings the final chapter discusses some of the conclusions and tries to interpret these conclusions within a wide theoretical framework.
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Holder, Sharon M. "Health inequalities amongst older people from ethnic minority groups in Britain : 'sensitivity' of different SES measures." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/208223/.
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The United Kingdom (UK) ethnic population is ageing. However, there has been a dearth of research focussing on the ethnic diversity of the older population and the implications for health and health care needs. In fact ‘ageing’ and ‘ethnicity’ are rarely integrated within health research. According to the United Kingdom (UK) 2001 Census, there are over 4.6 million individuals belonging to minority ethnic groups, with a quarter million aged 50 years or over. The ageing of these communities over the next two decades places greater emphasis on the importance of empirical evidence on their health status and the policy implications for health and health care needs. This thesis contributes to our understanding of health, socio-economic status (SES), ethnicity and ageing. The research explores the ‘sensitivity’ of different measures and their appropriateness and validity in assessing health inequalities amongst ethnic minority groups in order to better understand health inequalities in later life. This is a critical issue with widespread policy implications. Using cross-sectional data from Health Survey for England (HSE), with a sample size of 5,086 men and women 50 years and older, different logistic regression models are run for the outcome variables general health and limiting long-standing illness in order to ascertain the ‘sensitivity’ of SES of the different measures of health amongst the different ethnic minority groups. The results suggest that older people from ethnic minority groups are more likely to report bad/very bad’ health compared with the White population. For example, amongst Black Africans the odds of reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health are 1.45 times the odds amongst Whites, amongst Pakistanis the equivalent odds are 1.69 times the odds amongst Whites, amongst Bangladeshi the odds are 2.34 times the odds of Whites, and amongst Chinese people the odds are 2.53 times the odds of Whites. There are distinct patterns in reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health and a LLSI amongst and between ethnic minority men and women aged 50 and over based on SES measures employed in the study. Additionally, behavioural risk factors, that is, smoking and alcohol consumption were significant predictors of reporting ‘bad/very bad’ health and LLSI. Health inequalities have important implications for policy, particularly for health and health care. The research findings would be useful in informing national policies (e.g. health promotion campaigns, housing, occupationally based services, culturally competent health care services) and locally based interventions (e.g. health campaigns for older men and women; health education) would be better targeted at ethnic minority groups of older men and women
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Lenton, D. A. "Structuring ethnicity: Ethnic identities & diasporic communities in the architecture of later medieval Cordoba, 10th to 16th centuries." Thesis, University of Reading, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.578255.
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This thesis provides the first detailed documentation of the standing architectural-archaeological remains of medieval Cordoba dating from the 10th to the 16th centuries. It establishes a comprehensive account of the range of building forms, the chronology of their development, and an analysis of their spatial arrangements, designed forms and materiality. It also develops a sophisticated archaeological approach to the study of ethnic community identities within colonial encounters by drawing upon and contributing to sociological and anthropological debates on ethnic expressions and diasporic lifestyles. A new methodology is employed to avoid solely identifying ethnic groupings from data sets of' ethnic signifiers' . A contextual-grammar approach is developed to visualise the everyday practices of different ethnic groups. The methodology focuses on the people and procedures imperative to constructing and living in their buildings. These everyday practices are identified as the "buildways" of ethnic communities. Social and cultural connections are analysed together with family and kinship mechanisms fundamental to ethnic practices. It is posited that varied groups across the social spectrum were actively using technical, syntactic and semantic architectural grammar not just in their artistic expressions but also in their habitual community practices. Within Cordoba's ethnic communities, architectural grammar was a vehicle for meaningful cultural and political dialogue. The creation and maintenance of an urban environment is evoked as a critical factor in the creation and maintenance of the city's ethnic expressions. The argument is made that the communication of each community's ethnic identity was not merely in the reproduction of traditional cultural practices but in their adaptation to local circumstances within what became hybridised building forms. As ethnic practices changed over generations, the continuous reuse of Cordoba's civil, domestic and religious architecture emphasised the continual adaptation of Cordoba's ethnic communities to their social surroundings.
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Johl, Nicholas. "Support needs and service provision for family carers from Black and minority ethnic communities within the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58611/.
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Chapter one is a literature review of the experiences of carers from Black and ethnic minority communities caring for someone with dementia in the United Kingdom. Critical analysis of eight articles revealed that carers viewed symptoms of dementia as a normal process of ageing. Furthermore, the carers perceived their role as an extension of an existing responsibility to provide care and support for their family member. The literature review highlighted the majority of carers being female and stigma of a family member having a mental health issue still influenced carers’ willingness to engage in formal health services. Chapter two is an exploration of the experiences that staff within alcohol services have had whilst providing support to relatives of alcohol dependent individuals from the Sikh community. Ten staff members were recruited to take part in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was conducted on the derived data, eliciting a number of themes illustrating the nature of familial support provided for someone who is alcohol dependent, the pro-social attitude towards alcohol held by Sikh family members, a lack of understanding regarding addiction and the confidential nature of alcohol services. This article provided evidence of inter-generational differences between Sikh family member’s knowledge of addiction and the expectation of alcohol services. Lastly, the present study identified variations in how alcohol services target and tailor their services in specific ways to meet the needs of Sikh family members of someone with alcohol dependence. Chapter three is a reflective article on the process of conducting the empirical research. The article addressed reasons why the lead researcher conducted research in this area and considers the effects of participant experiences of working with Sikh family members of someone with alcohol dependence. This chapter also discusses the lead researcher’s relationship with participants and how the research process impacted on the lead researcher’s personal life.
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Mason, William John. "Creating communities of risk : exploring the experiences of youth workers and marginalised young people from minority ethnic backgrounds." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5611/.
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In the contemporary context of economic austerity and youth service cuts, socio-political discourses around ‘youth’ and ‘risk’ have gained amplified significance. In particular, young people from ethnic minority backgrounds have been situated centrally within public and political discourses surrounding ‘failed multiculturalism’, violence, drugs and ‘postcode gangs’. These problematic associations contribute to dominant perceptions of disadvantaged, minority groups as simultaneously ‘at risk’ and ‘risky’, a process that has a profound impact on the experiences of young people inhabiting racialised urban spaces. This thesis explores the impact of ‘risk labelling’ on the experiences of a predominantly Somali sample of young people (aged 11 – 19) alongside the youth workers that engaged with them. The data presented within this thesis are based on three years of ethnographic field work, conducted in and around local youth services in two disadvantaged areas of a post-industrial Northern city. The thesis explores the following research topics in depth: the impacts of ‘risk labelling’ on processes of collective identification; the ways in which young people conceptualised their behaviours in relation to ‘risk labelling’; the perceived significance of local youth provision within the research settings; and, the relationship between the youth workers and young people within the research settings. The research findings provide empirical support for the argument that racialised discourses contribute to the political framing of disadvantaged communities, along the lines of risk and that individually imagined communities are subjectively responsive to these ‘risk labelling’ processes. Through its exploration of ‘risk labelling’, this thesis also offers a number of key and relevant policy findings that illustrate the counter-productivity of government youth policy and the contemporary importance of financing local youth provision.
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Luna, Freire Juliana Henriques de. "Ethnic Minorities in Brazil and Spain: Erasure and Stigmatization, Gender, and Self-Representation of Indigenous and Roma Communities." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/243093.
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This research is an interdisciplinary work on the use of media by marginalized ethnic minorities for self-representation, using as its frame of reference scholars such as Faye Ginsburg, Gayatri Spivak, Judith Butler, Stuart Hall, Achille Mbembe, and David Harvey. Specifically, this dissertation examines Indigenous communities in Brazil and the Roma (Gypsy) population of Spain, uncovering the multiple discourses through which ethnic identities have to be negotiated within a larger dominant culture, especially in contexts of globalization, and brings to this discussion the theorization of new media. These two highly stigmatized populations have been finding new and more democratic venues for collectively defining their own cultures in the complex process of identity (re)creation. Based on interviews with media producers, I discuss community radio stations, online network groups, video making, and blogs, and how these constitute different tools for promoting culture and conducting political activism. Through constant performances of culture, I argue, they are able to restore and participate in the dialogue on self-determination and minority rights in a different sphere of discourse, both locally and globally, at the same time that they also influence their own (and others') understanding of their ethnic identity. In terms of the impact of media products produced autonomously or in collaboration with non-Indigenous groups, this research also addresses the fact that, despite the efforts of both Indigenous and Roma groups in using these new media as non-hegemonic communication venues, their invisibility as a subject is often repeated, even when sympathetically supported by the discourse of cultural diversity, due to financial and distribution constraints. Ultimately, this study brings together their similarities and differences to determine how these technologies can be both helpful or hinder the self-affirmation and increased autonomy of ethnic minority groups.
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Garcia, Justin D. "Communities In Transition: Race, Immigration, and American Identity in York County, Pennsylvania." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/125715.
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Anthropology<br>Ph.D.<br>This research examines constructs and discourses of racial and ethnic differences within York County, Pennsylvania. Located in south central Pennsylvania along the Maryland border, the York region has long held a reputation as a hotbed for white supremacy and racial prejudice. The Ku Klux Klan has been active in York County since the 1920s, and in recent years the Klan has resurfaced in the local area amidst an increase in the Latino population. The growth of the Latino population within York County has shifted the nature of racial and ethnic relations, as historically relations between whites and blacks comprised the primary axis of tension and conflict in the local area. Although the Latino population of York County consists of Puerto Ricans, Mexicans, Dominicans, Cubans, and Central and South Americans, popular external local and media-driven discourses often conflate Latinos with Mexican-ness and racialize Latinos in highly negative terms as illegal aliens, criminals, and welfare recipients who threaten American national identity. These external discourses of latinidad contrast sharply with the manner in which local Latino and Latina residents construct their own ethnic identities. During Barack Obama's 2008 Presidential campaign, the black-white racial dichotomy reemerged in local racialized discourses. As such, the research also examines constructs and discourses of whiteness and blackness within the York area. York County features several anti-racist human relations activists and organizations. This research contains ethnographic interviews and analysis of local anti-racist activists and their activities designed to foster greater tolerance and to combat racial and ethnic prejudice within the local area. Anti-racist activists have had different life experiences that have raised their awareness to racism and have led them to become active in their cause. Public anti-racist activities take a variety of forms and consist of various programming strategies, which appears to impact their effectiveness in generating the size of turnout and level of interest among the general public.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Vathi, Zana. "The children of Albanian migrants in Europe : ethnic identity, transnational ties and pathways of integration." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7421/.
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The study of the integration of the children of migrants—the so-called ‗second generation‘—is a recent trend in migration literature. Their integration is thought to be an important indicator of the degree of integration of immigrants in general into a specific society. This thesis is the first full-length comparative study of the Albanian second generation. Using a variety of field methods, it compares the ethnic identities, transnational ties and integration pathways of Albanian-origin teenagers in three European cities—London, Thessaloniki and Florence—by focusing on intergenerational transmission between the first and the second generation. Greece, Italy and the UK are, in that order, the three main European countries where Albanian migrants have settled during their short but intense migration experience of the past two decades. My study shifts the focus partly to the situation and developments in Southern Europe, where the awareness and interest in issues of the integration of the second generation are still at an initial phase. The research involved fieldwork in each of the above-named cities, where quota samples of three categories of informants were interviewed: parents, their second-generation teenage children, and teachers and other key informants within the host society. Findings show significant differences in the integration patterns of both generations, affected by sharp differences between the three contexts and the history of immigration in each context. They also point to important within- and inter-group differences, based on various socio-economic indicators. Intergenerational transmission appears as a dynamic process affected not only by context and the parents‘ socio-economic background, but also by parents‘ stage of integration. By studying a settling immigrant group and their descendants, the thesis takes a proactive approach towards the integration of ethnic minorities.
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Byrne, Michael. "Ethnic identity, acculturation, and labour market participation in marginalised communities : the case of the Roma of Shuto Orizari, Macedonia." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/43033.
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The Roma of Central and Eastern Europe are a large minority group that experience widespread marginalisation and social hardship. This research is focused on a substantial Roma community in the Republic of Macedonia, called Shuto Orizari. The work explores the construct of ethnic identity for this group, the way they participate in society through their acculturation orientations, and the influence these factors have on outcomes within the labour market. Seventeen people took part in the study across a range of backgrounds and a standpoint methodology was used to articulate the views of social reality for the participants. Information was collected through semi-structured interviews to which grounded theory was then applied. The findings support existing theories on the construct of ethnic boundaries and social identity. 'Being Roma' is important to all who took part in the study, yet unlike other Roma communities this identity is free and unthreatened. Participants chose two ways to acculturate in society; roughly half of the participants integrated with the majority ethnic Macedonian community and portrayed a comfortable balance with their heritage culture often not seen in other Roma communities. The remaining participants followed a separatist path within purely Roma circles. This introversion produced extremely negative outcomes, most notably the poor psychological and sociocultural experiences within the labour market. The work concludes that although modes of identity construct within this community are different to other Roma groups, a person's acculturation orientation can still dramatically affect life outcomes. This conclusion can help steer policies to improve the experiences of social participation for the Roma of Shuto Orizari, or potentially other large ethnic groups.
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Robicheau, Nanette Angele. "Successful commercial revitalization in multi-ethnic, low-income, inner city communities : a case study of Uphams' Corner, Dorchester, MA." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69724.
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