Academic literature on the topic 'Ethnic Identity/habitus'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ethnic Identity/habitus"
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Kaunert, Christian, and Arif Sahar. "Violence, Terrorism, and Identity Politics in Afghanistan: The Securitisation of Higher Education." Social Sciences 10, no. 5 (2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10050150.
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This article investigates the securitisation of the higher education sector in Afghanistan by examining ‘hidden’ non-discursive practices as opposed to overt discursive threat construction. Non-discursive practices are framed by the habitus inherited from different social fields, whereas in Afghanistan, securitising actors converge from different habitus (e.g., institutions, professions, backgrounds) to bar the ‘other’ ethnic or social groups from resources and spaces which could empower these groups to become a pertinent threat, a fear, and a danger to the monopoly of the state elites over the state power and resources. The most prominent securitisation practices emerging from the data include mainly (1) the obstruction of the formation of critical ideas and politics; (2) the obstruction of economic opportunities; and (3) the obstruction of social justice. This article deploys a case study methodology and uses the Kabul University as its subject of investigation.
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Stokke, Kristian, and Pradeep Peiris. "Public Opinion on Peace as a Reflection of Social Differentiation and Politicisation of Identity in Sri Lanka." PCD Journal 2, no. 1 (2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/pcd.25719.
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This article provides a critical analysis of the public opinion on peace in Sri Lanka, with consideration to two determinants: social differentiation and politicisation of identities. Specifically, it aims at developing arguments about the correlations between public opinion, social position, and political mobilisation. Inspired by Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, social space, and political field, this article develops an empirical analysis of the links between ethnic identity and public opinion on peace, and between social differentiation and opinions within the Sinhalese majority community in Sri Lanka. This article argues that ethnic polarisation and politicisation were the foremost determinants of public opinion during the peace process in 2002-2009.
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Feng-Bing, Monica. "Experiencing Difference: Cultural Alienation of the Hong Kong Chinese Children in Northern Ireland." Irish Journal of Sociology 17, no. 1 (2009): 56–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/ijs.17.1.5.
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The present paper focuses on secondary school children from Hong Kong Chinese families living in Northern Ireland, UK, and maps out their trans-cultural experiences by examining the discursive ways in which they construct their cultural Self and cultural Other. Here Bourdieu's concept of habitus is employed in conjunction with Chinese moral values in order to understand the ethnic Chinese minority children's creative constructions of trans-cultural identity, cultural perceptions and attitudes. In conclusion, implications for culturally grounded understanding of trans-cultural experience in light of habitus are discussed.
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Xu, Cora Lingling. "Transborder habitus in a within-country mobility context: A Bourdieusian analysis of mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong." Sociological Review 66, no. 6 (2017): 1128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026117732669.
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This article contributes to the updating of Bourdieusian sociology by proposing the notion of ‘transborder habitus’, a necessary extension of ‘habitus’ in a transborder context. ‘Transborder contexts’ refer to spaces that belong politically to the same country, share a deep level of historic cultural and/or ethnic entanglement, but can be ideologically, linguistically and socially divergent. Such transborder contexts present empirical challenges that notions such as ‘habitus’ and ‘transnational habitus’ cannot adequately address. First, the national borderline delineation presumed in ‘habitus’ and ‘transnational habitus’ can no longer account for the intricate and complex within-country border diversities. Second, although dissonances between border-crossing agents’ habitus and their original field have been sparsely noted in existing empirical work, few attempts have been made to offer theoretical accounts for habitus–field dissonances along the axes of religion, ethnicity and ideology. Drawing on in-depth interview data from an ongoing longitudinal study that explores the identity trajectories of 31 mainland Chinese students at a Hong Kong university, this article argues that ‘transborder habitus’ can effectively redress these two identified gaps and will show how it can offer a more adequate explanation in empirical contexts.
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Vega, Sharon Regina, Sivamurugan Pandian, and Nur Hafeeza Ahmad Pazil. "Comparison and Contrast between Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice and Shamsul’s Two Social Reality Approach in the Portrayal of Identity." Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH) 6, no. 7 (2021): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v6i7.869.
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This paper analyses Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice, the concept field and habitus and Shamsul Amri’s Two Social Reality, the concept everyday- defined and authority-defined as both theories that function as analytical tools and have similar narratives based on the macro/micro and structure/agency linkage. A comparison and contrast of both theories were analysed to further understand the use of each theory. Findings within the article show both theories have a structural or authoritative emphasis however the theories differ in functionality with Bourdieu’s “Theory of Practice” focusing on power dynamics and social class through direct link between the habitus, field and capital whereas Shamsul’s Two Social Reality focuses on the formation of identity and ethnic dynamics in Malaysia based on the effect of colonialism in the authority-defined and everyday-defined sphere. The main goal of this paper serves to highlight both theories and its application when analysing and tackling different social phenomena and narratives in future research.
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Luz, Nimrod. "Religious Gentrification as Heterarchies of Urban Planning." Numen 69, no. 2-3 (2022): 212–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685276-12341653.
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Abstract This article explores the ways in which religion(s) and religious groups are increasingly contributing to changes in the politics of planning of cities and challenge the hierarchical modern planning order. Following the notion of heterarchy as suggesting a diversity of relationships among elements in a system, the argument is made that the religious-cum-ethnic component is becoming part of an urban habitus that influences and redefines modern urban planning. Taking the case of a recently developed gentrified religious Jewish neighborhood in Acre, a multi-ethnic and multi-religious town in northern Israel, the article follows the ways in which urban planning is being shaped by three interrelated processes: the production of space driven by forms of capitalism intertwined with local heterarchical projects of space and power; a set of social struggles over urban space; and the framing of religious and ethnic urban identity.
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Baldassar, Loretta. "Marias and marriage: ethnicity, gender and sexuality among Italo-Australian youth in Perth1." Journal of Sociology 35, no. 1 (1999): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078339903500101.
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Using an ethnographic account of weddings and network activities among Italo-Australian youth in Perth, and, in particular, a symbolic analysis of garters and bouquets, this paper explores the intersections of ethnicity, gender and sexuality, and reviews social scientific theories of ethnic identity and cultural transmission. By investigating the double standard-where men are free to be sexually active and women are not-it confronts some of the stereotypes about 'second generation Australians' and 'culture clash', female oppression and the control of sexuality. Of particular concern is the way that some Italo-Australian women perceive sexual freedom in Australian society. The paper argues that the moral community represented by the youth network and, in particular, the challenges posed by it to the traditional model of female honour, allow for significant generational changes in the construction of ethnic identity. By analysing how identities are constructed and articulated across difference, and how 'this kind of relativising' is 'embodied in the habitus [cf. Bourdieu 1977] of the second generation' (Bottomley 1992a: 132), the paper explodes homogeneous conceptions of what is Italian, and ltalo-Australian culture.
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Vera, Nawiroh, Deddy Mulyana, Lukiati Komala Erdinaya, and Nuryah Asri Sjafirah. "Identity, Nasab, and Kafaah in Marital Life: A Look into Indonesian Arab Women in Solo, Central Java, Indonesia." Asian Social Science 14, no. 4 (2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v14n4p30.
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This research aims to reveal the identity of Indonesian Arab women in terms of nasab and kafa’ah marriage. To analyze the research finding the researchers use Social Practice theory from Bourdieu – Habitus and Doxa concept and the Communication Identity theory of Hecht. The lineage of the Arabs is patrilineal; therefore, the Arab men are more flexible in terms of choosing a mate. However, Arab women have to struggle hard if they are going to marry men from different groups. This research uses critical ethnographic methods, and the data is obtained through observations and interviews. The results show that the identity of Arab women is historically formed by Arab ethnic patriarchal culture from its home region of Yemen. The position of Solo Arab women as a subordinate group that is socially marginalized is due to the narrowness of women's space. Women are considered as a group with no extensive knowledge of the tradition of nasab and kafaah marriage.
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Scandone, Berenice. "Re-thinking aspirations through habitus and capital: The experiences of British-born Bangladeshi women in higher education." Ethnicities 18, no. 4 (2018): 518–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796818777541.
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Since the turn of the century, young people’s aspirations have featured prominently in UK education policy and practice. Governments of all sides have espoused a rhetoric and enacted initiatives which have tended to focus on somehow ‘correcting’ the aspirations of students of working-class and minority ethnic origins. This paper applies a Bourdieusian framework to the analysis of the education and career aspirations of British-born young women of Bangladeshi heritage in higher education. In doing so, it advances a theoretically informed understanding of aspirations, which accounts for the multiple factors that contribute to shape them as well as for the relative implications in terms of future pathways. Drawing on interviews with 21 female undergraduate students, and building on Bourdieu’s notions of habitus and capital, I conceptualise aspirations as an aspect of habitus. I argue that this conceptualisation allows light to be shed on the ways in which multiple, intersecting dimensions of social identity and social structures play out in the shaping, re-shaping and possibly fading of aspirations. Additionally, it enables us to examine the mutually informing influences of aspirations and capital on practice. Findings indicate that the valuing of education and social mobility expressed by those of Bangladeshi and other minority ethnic origins are integral to collective constructions of ‘what people like us do’, which are grounded in diasporic discourses. They also illuminate the significance of social and cultural capital for young people’s capacity to aspire and actualise aspirations, as these contribute to delineate their ‘horizons for action’. This suggests that by failing to adequately recognise how structural inequalities inform differential access to valued capital, prevailing policy and practitioners’ approaches attribute excessive responsibility to students and their parents. The notion of ‘known routes’ is in this respect put forward as a way to make sense of aspirations, expectations and pathways, and the role of institutions in forging possible futures is highlighted.
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Februandari, Asmarani. "Authenticity in cultural built heritage: learning from Chinese Indonesians’ houses." International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation 38, no. 2 (2019): 262–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbpa-02-2019-0017.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore authenticity conception of cultural built heritage. As a core of heritage management, authenticity is often seen as a validation of certain identity. In the cultural built heritage context, authenticity is vital for the community, particularly the ethnic minority community, because it can be viewed as a tool to tackle discrimination and misrecognition issues. Design/methodology/approach This research was conducted in two Indonesian Chinatowns, namely, Lasem and Semarang Chinatowns. An ethnography method was employed to address the research aim. Four techniques to carry out data collection were used in this research; they were life story interview, participant observation, documentary research and physical observation through house tour. Two theories were used to analyse the data, and they were Technologies of the Self from Foucault and Habitus from Bourdieu. Findings Result shows that authenticity conception in cultural built heritage is not fixed because it lies on the immaterial aspect (the community’s cultural values) that is continuously reinvented. This research also reveals that the immaterial aspect of cultural built heritage, the community’s cultural values, becomes the core of the conception of authenticity. These cultural values become the foundation for the community to create their cultural built environment. Social implications This research brings an important perspective on authenticity to be applied in heritage management. Interestingly, by adopting this perspective, heritage management could become a tool to create an inclusive society. Originality/value This research offers a unique perspective on heritage authenticity, which was constructed through sociological and materiality approach.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethnic Identity/habitus"
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Mu, Guanglun. "Heritage language for Chinese Australians : negotiating 'Chineseness' and, capitalising on resources in the lived world." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63295/1/Guanglun_Mu_Thesis.pdf.
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The ethnic identity and commitment of Heritage Language Learners play salient roles in Heritage Language learning process. The mutually constitutive effect amongst Heritage Language Learner's ethnic identity, commitment, and Heritage Language proficiency has been well documented in social psychological and poststructuralist literatures. Both social psychological and poststructural schools offer meaningful insights into particular contexts but receive critiques from other contexts. In addition, the two schools largely oppose each other. This study uses Bourdieu's sociological triad of habitus, capital, and field to reconcile the two schools through the examination of Chinese Heritage Language Learners in Australia, an idiosyncratic social, cultural, and historical context for these learners. Specifically, this study investigates how young Chinese Australian adults (18-35 in age) negotiate their 'Chineseness' and capitalise on resources through Chinese Heritage Language learning in the lived world.
The study adopts an explanatory mixed methods design to combine the quantitative approach with the qualitative approach. The initial quantitative phase addresses the first research question: Is Chinese Heritage Language proficiency of young Chinese Australian adults influenced by their investment of capital, the strength of their habitus of 'Chineseness', or both? The subsequent qualitative phase addresses the second research question: How do young Chinese Australian adults understand their Chinese Heritage Language learning in relation to (potential) profits produced by this linguistic capital in given fields? The initial quantitative phase applies Structural Equation Modelling to analyse the data from an online survey with 230 respondents. Findings indicate the statistically significant positive contribution made by the habitus of 'Chineseness' and by investment of capital to Chinese Heritage Language proficiency (r = .71 and r = .86 respectively). Subsequent multiple regression analysis demonstrates that 62% of the variance of Chinese Heritage Language proficiency can be accounted for by the joint contribution of 'Chineseness' and 'capital'. The qualitative phase of the study uses multiple interviews with five participants. It reveals that Chinese Heritage Language offers meaningful benefits for participants in the forms of capital production and habitus capture or recapture. Findings from the two phases talk to each other in terms of the inherent entanglement amongst habitus of 'Chineseness', investment of capital, and Chinese Heritage Language proficiency.
The study offers important contributions. Theoretically, by virtue of Bourdieu's signature concepts of habitus, capital, and field, the study provides answers to questions that both social psychological and poststructuralist theories have long been struggling to answer. Methodologically, the position of 'pluralism' talks back to Bourdieu's theory and forwards to the mixed methods design. Particularly, the study makes a methodological breakthrough: A set of instruments was developed and validated to quantify Bourdieu's key concepts of capital and habitus within certain social fields. Practically, understanding Chinese Australians' heterogeneity and the potential drivers behind Chinese Heritage Language learning contributes to the growing interest in Chinese Australians' contemporary life experiences and helps to better accommodate linguistically diverse Chinese Heritage Language Learners in Chinese language courses. In addition, this study is very timely. It resonates with the recently released Australia in the Asian Century White Paper: Chinese Australians, with sound knowledge of Chinese culture and language obtained through negotiating their 'Chineseness' and capitalising on diverse resources for learning, will help to serve Australia's economic, social, and political needs in unique ways.
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Wijesekera, Harsha Dulari. "Students' ethnolinguistic identities in multiethnic, bilingual education classrooms in Sri Lanka." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/119217/1/Harsha%20Dulari_Wijesekera_Thesis.pdf.
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This study investigated how multiethnic Bilingual Education (BE) classrooms (English and Mother-tongue: Sinhala or Tamil) in post-conflict Sri Lanka can shape students' ethnic identities towards an ethnically inclusive national identity. Using Bourdieu's theories of capital, habitus and field, the study identifies two key findings: the importance of the flexible use of all available languages in multiethnic classrooms to scaffold language and academic content learning; and the creation of inter-ethnic reciprocity. Findings also show the dual role of English as a tool of reconciliation, and a weapon of social stratification. The study presents positive practices to be applied, and negative practices to be avoided both at implementation and policy levels in similar contexts.
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Viana, Fabiana Paixão. "A Mesa Galega na Bahia: a alimentação dos imigrantes galegos e descendentes em Salvador." Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/20962.
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A_Mesa_Galega_na_Bahia_Fabiana_Paixao_Viana.pdf: 8250920 bytes, checksum: 3c98ca5bdaffa9425f47d28ec70586ee (MD5)<br>CAPES<br>Desde as últimas décadas do século XIX Salvador foi o destino escolhido por muitos galegos que cruzaram o Oceano Atlântico em busca do sonho de “conquistar a América”. Na capital baiana estes imigrantes sentiram as diferenças entre a sociedade galega e a soteropolitana, principalmente em relação a língua, aos hábitos alimentares e ao tratamento hostil e preconceituoso dispensado, bilateralmente, entre os imigrantes galegos e os soteropolitanos. Os galegos se destacaram nos setores do comércio, construção civil, hotelaria e alimentação, sobretudo nos armazéns de secos e molhados. O período das intensas levas migratórias para a Bahia, abarcando os processos adaptativos na nova sociedade, é debatido em pesquisas das Ciências Sociais, no entanto, nada foi escrito sobre os hábitos alimentares deste grupo de imigrantes e seus descendentes na Bahia. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa apresenta-se inédita e analisa a alimentação dos imigrantes galegos e seus descendentes que moram em Salvador. Buscou-se responder o que eles comem cotidianamente e nos dias festivos, assim como os cardápios familiares e os públicos. Foram entrevistados imigrantes galegos residentes em Salvador, descendentes das segundas e terceiras gerações, cônjuges não-galegos dos imigrantes e galegos retornados da imigração a capital baiana. Neste trabalho apresentam-se os hábitos alimentares dos imigrantes e descendentes de galegos, a preservação da galeguidade em Salvador, os pratos-totem eleitos pelos grupos familiares e associações, a transmissão alimentar e a reprodução social do grupo. Também são observados os hábitos alimentares dos galegos na Galícia, assim como os reflexos da crise econômica nas mesas e nos crescentes índices de transtornos alimentares.<br>Since the last few decades of the 19th century Salvador was the route chosen by many Galicians that cross the Atlantic ocean dreaming about “conquer America”. In the Bahia capital city those immigrants felt the differences between the Galician society and the society from Salvador, mainly because of the idiom, eating habits, the hostile and prejudiced treatment given bilaterally between the Galician immigrants and the Salvador community. The Galicians stand out in the commercial sector, building sector, hotel business and food supply, predominantly on the “secos e molhados” warehouses. The period of the massive migratory trips to Bahia embracing the adaptive process on the new society, abundantly discussed on social science studies, however, there was nothing written about the eating habits of this immigrant group and their Bahia descendants. To this end this research present itself to be unique and analyses the feeding habits from the galicians immigrants and yours descendants that lived on Salvador. The research seek to answer what they usually eat on the celebration days, as well as the familiar and public menus. It have been interviewed Galicians immigrants that lived on Salvador, descendants from second and third generation, spouses of the immigrants and the Galicians that returned of the immigration to the capital city of Bahia. Presented in this work the eating habits of the immigrants and the descendants of galicians, the preservation of the Galeguidade on Salvador, the “pratos-totem” chosen from the family and associative groups, spread the eating habits and the social reproduction of the group. It’s also notice the Galicians eating habits at Galicia, as well as the economic crisis reflection on the tables and the growth of eating problems.<br>Desde las últimas décadas del siglo XIX, Salvador fue el destino elegido por muchos gallegos que habían hecho el viaje por el Océano Atlántico en búsqueda del sueño de “hacer la América”. En la capital de Bahia estos inmigrantes sintieron las diferencias entre la sociedad gallega y la sociedad soteropolitana, principalmente en relación a la lengua, a las costumbres alimenticias y al tratamiento hostil y prejuicioso entre los inmigrantes gallegos y los soteropolitanos. Los gallegos se destacaron en los sectores del comercio, construcción civil, hostelería y alimentación, sobre todo en los almacenes de “secos e molhados”. El periodo de las intensas olas migratorias hacia Bahia, abarcando los procesos de adaptación en la nueva sociedad, es debatido en pesquisas de las Ciencias Sociales; sin embargo, nada fue escrito sobre los hábitos alimenticios de este grupo de inmigrantes y sus descendientes en Bahia. En este sentido, esta tesis se presenta inédita y analiza la alimentación de los inmigrantes gallegos y sus descendientes que viven en Salvador. Se buscó responder lo que ellos comen cotidianamente y en los días festivos, así como los menús familiares y los públicos. Fueron entrevistados inmigrantes gallegos residentes en Salvador, descendientes de las segundas y terceras generaciones, cónyuges no gallegos de los inmigrantes y gallegos retornados de la inmigración la capital de Bahia. En este trabajo se presentan los hábitos alimenticios de los inmigrantes y descendientes de gallegos, la preservación de la galleguidad en Salvador, los platos-totem electos por los grupos familiares y asociaciones, la transmisión alimentaria y la reproducción social del grupo. También son observados los hábitos alimenticios de los gallegos en la Galicia, así como los reflejos de la crisis económica en las mesas de los gallegos y en los crecientes índices de trastornos alimenticios.
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Borodina, Svetlana. "Ethnic Identity of Russian Germans in Interaction: Attitudes towards Food Habits." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7865.
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In this sociolinguistic study, qualitative interviews were used in examining discursive identity construction among Russian Germans. The interview group was composed of Russian German university students attending different universities in Germany. Based on the sociocultural perspective on language and identity, content analysis, turn-internal pragmatic and semantic as well as interactional approaches are used in the thesis. This thesis covers two major questions: What attitudes toward food Russian Germans construct during conversational interaction and what are the major linguistic resources and discursive strategies that these participants use to construct their cultural identities and how the attitudes towards the linguistic and social practices reflect German Russian identity and a particular Russian German space in German cities.
The special situation of Russian Germans, that being the initial alienation in Russia due to their ethnic origin, followed by the attitude of local Germans towards Russian Germans after they relocated back to Germany, led to the situation where many of them feel to be in the position of ‘in-between’ (Kaiser 2006: 34). Due to the complexity of this special cultural position of Russian Germans, observations of how individuals negotiate Russian and German cultural spaces and construct their own space in everyday life provide insight to the research of cultural identity. At the same time, the creation of the Russian-German space by means of positioning also reveals the constructed identity of Russian Germans, which they create in discourse.
The focus of the thesis lies on one particular practice, namely eating habits as a cultural practice. The analysis of food attitudes with the help of linguistic methods will contribute to the culture identity and the construction of a particular cultural space of Russian Germans. The interviews show how the attitudes towards food preferences and cooking habits serve as a basis for identity construction. By positioning themselves with the help of their attitudes towards eating habits, the participants create certain cultural spaces in German cities. Several domains of life such as private and public spheres, where the participants positioned themselves slightly differently from one another by drawing on different indexical meanings are covered in the interview.
The work begins with the history of the Russian German migratory and studies made in relation to Russian Germans and their identity. It is followed by theoretical and methodological approaches. Content analysis, turn-internal pragmatic and semantic as well as interactional approaches are used in the thesis. The main body is devoted to the analysis of the qualitative interview data with the help of the theory and methodology described in the preceding section. In the end of the thesis the summary of the findings and the suggestions for the further research are presented.
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Murrugarra, Cerna Juan Carlos. "Immigration et sport : l’impact de la pratique du soccer amateur sur l’intégration sociale des minorités à Montréal." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11706.
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Fondée sur une étude ethnographique de la pratique du soccer amateur au sein d’une population immigrante associée politiquement à des minorités visibles, discernables par rapport au groupe majoritaire que forment les Québécois francophones, cette thèse cherche à élucider le rapport pratique et fonctionnel entre corps, connaissance et société à la lumière de la théorie de la pratique élaborée par Bourdieu. Dans cette voie, elle cherche à concevoir la pratique sportive comme vecteur d’intégration sociale susceptible de former l’habitus propice à l’intégration, à la sociabilité et à la participation sociale requises pour développer le sentiment d’appartenance à la société d’accueil dans les rangs de ces sportifs.
Dans la veine de la théorisation enracinée, et en s’appuyant sur l’observation systématique du style de jeu et des représentations sociales autour de l’intégration élaborés par un groupe d’adeptes du soccer dans une étude combinant observation, vidéo, notes de terrain et interviews, recueillies dans une ligue amateur de Montréal, la thèse a pour objectif de débusquer la logique sociale que sous-tend la pratique sportive en décelant le sens pratique à l’œuvre dans cette dimension de l’espace social. Sur la lancée, l’étude de la pratique du soccer et de la matérialité du corps de l’immigrant en tant que « fait social total » nous amène à concevoir l’intégration du nouveau venu à la société d’accueil comme la combinaison de l’« extériorité » et de l’« intériorité » responsable des dispositions propres à donner corps à l’intégration. On est fondé à penser que la pratique du sport permet à ses adeptes de nouer avec leurs vis-à-vis des relations sociales qui, leur conférant des positions distinctes et distinctives, permettent de comprendre et d’expliquer l’intégration par les enjeux que cela soulève. Sous ce chef, l’ethnicisation en acte dans ce contexte s’opère sous la médiation du corps conçu comme « vecteur de connaissances », « forme de présentation de soi » (Sayad, 1999, p. 301), et « emblème de l’ethnicité » (Defrance, 2009, p. 26). Le corps, aux yeux des joueurs et des supporteurs, devient objet de représentations fondées sur la performance sportive, le jugement de l’habileté physique et l’attitude personnelle comme indicateurs de la compétence du joueur et, plus généralement, les éléments symboliques nés de l’interaction sociale sur le terrain de jeu comme à l’extérieur. En dernière analyse, le soccer, par sa pratique, fait office de médiation, voire de levier, susceptible d’aplanir les entraves à l’intégration à la société d’accueil sous les traits de l’acculturation.
La thèse au programme vient donc enrichir l’explication sociologique du processus d’intégration en contexte multiethnique à la lumière du concept d’habitus afin de concevoir théoriquement la dialectique entre acculturation et incorporation sous les traits d’un jeu de relations objectives en vertu duquel le participant s’y engage de son propre chef, sans être tout à fait conscient que par la pratique il est soumis au jugement social, à l’inculcation de dispositions culturellement légitimes, etc. Il s’en dégage l’hypothèse que le joueur de soccer manifeste la « connaissance par corps » que requiert son intégration à la société dans laquelle il a décidé d’évoluer de son plein gré (Bourdieu, 2003). La pratique sportive se révèle donc une « stratégie identitaire synthétique » susceptible de mettre au diapason son identité et les « conditions objectives d’existence » du milieu auquel il est en passe de s’intégrer (Manço, 1999).<br>Based on an ethnographic study of soccer amateur practice in an immigrant population politically associated with visible minorities, discernible from the majority group formed by francophone Quebecers, this thesis seeks to elucidate the practical and functional relationship between body, knowledge and society in the light of the theory of practice formulated by Bourdieu. In this way, it seeks to tackle sports practice as a social integration vector likely to shape the habitus appropriate for integration, sociability and social participation required to develop a sense of belonging to the host society in the ranks of these athletes.
In the vein of the grounded theory, and based on a systematic observation of the style of play and the social representations about integration created by a group of soccer enthusiasts in a study combining observation, video, field notes, and interviews, collected in an amateur soccer league in Montreal, the thesis aims to uncover the social logic that underlies the sport by identifying the practical sense at work in this dimension of the social space. On this basis, the study of the soccer practice and the materiality of the immigrant’s body as a “total social fact” leads us to understand the newcomer’s integration to the host society as a combination of the “exteriority” and the “inwardness” responsible of the adequate dispositions suitable for fleshing out the integration. We have good reasons to believe that sport allows its followers to engage with their partners in social relationships, giving them distinct and distinguishable positions, and leads us to understand and explain the integration process by the issues that it raises. In this regard, the ethnicization in action under the conditions given operates under the mediation of the body conceived as “knowledge vector”, “form of self-presentation” (Sayad, 1999, p. 301), and “the emblem of ethnicity” (Defrance, 2009, p. 26). The body, in the eyes of the players and fans, becomes an object of representations based on performance, judgment of physical ability and personal attitude as indicators of the player’s skills and, more generally, the symbolic elements born from social interaction at the playground and outside of it. Ultimately, soccer, by its practice acts as a mediation, even a lever that may overcome barriers to integration into the host society in the shape of acculturation.
Our thesis comes out as a contribution to enhance the sociological explanation of the integration process in a multicultural context in the light of the habitus concept to perceive theoretically the dialectic between acculturation and incorporation in the guise of a game of objective relationships whereby the participant undertakes the game on his own, without being fully aware that the practice is subject to social judgment, inculcation of culturally legitimate dispositions, etc. From this emanates the hypothesis that the soccer player shows the “knowledge by body” (to know by heart) that requires his integration to the society in which he decided to evolve and perform voluntarily (Bourdieu, 2003). Thus, sport proves to be a “synthetic identity strategy” that may enable the individual’s identity to be attuned to the “existence’s objective conditions” of the environment to which he is going to integrate (Manço, 1999).
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"Beyond Cantonese cuisine: Chinese migration and Chinese restaurants in Sydney." 2012. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549056.
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自十九世紀末期，中式餐館已成為悉尼食味景觀 ( foodscape) 的一部分。近年中餐廳所提供的菜式，更由以廣東菜為主流，演變為一系列不同的地方風味，如上海菜、四川菜及北京菜等。中菜的全球化不能簡單定義為中國移民將自己的家鄉菜帶到移居地的一個過程。本文旨在闡述移民身份的餐館東主以及廚師怎樣在燒菜和營運餐館的過程中，改變了悉尼的食味景觀。一向以來，移民總是運用他們的民族文化資源謀生，使自己及家人有更佳的生活，而餐館正正為他們提供了適切的場地。本文亦審視中國新移民怎樣通過經營餐館，從而改變了當地西方人對中餐的觀念；即從中國菜即是廣東菜，演變為包括其他中國地方的風味菜。在這演變的過程中，餐館東主和廚師們都要不斷面對一個議題：怎樣與不同類形的顧客對何謂地道中國菜的觀念達至共識。較年輕的餐館東主通常會懂得因應社會上的話題以及利用對悉尼西方人的喜好的認識，為餐館營造時尚的格調來吸引他們。經過訓練的廚師以他們的專業成功移民澳洲，而僱用他們的餐館則以他們的專業作為餐館水準的保證。本文通過闡述上述人士改變悉尼的食味景觀的過程，展示人類學所提供的那種由下而上的角度如何為屬於宏觀層次的食物研究，如餐館東主對食味景觀的影響，作出貢獻。<br>Chinese restaurants have been a part of the Sydney foodscape since the late nineteenth century. Recently, Chinese food in Sydney has changed from being Cantonese based to including a range of regional cuisines such as Shanghainese, Sichuanese and Beijing cuisines. The globalisation of Chinese cuisine is not simply the process of Chinese migrants bringing their cuisines with them to a new place. This study sheds light on how migrant restaurant owners and chefs have transformed the Sydney foodscape by cooking in and running their restaurants. Migrants have long used their ethnic resources to make a living and create better lives for themselves and their families. Restaurants are a means for them to achieve these aims. This study also examines how new Chinese migrants run restaurants that have changed notions of Chinese food in Sydney from being mainly based on Cantonese cuisine to including other regional Chinese cuisines. Throughout this process, restaurant owners and chefs have had to negotiate different ideas of authentic Chinese food held by different customers. Younger restaurant owners use their knowledge of public discourse and preferences of Caucasians in Sydney to create stylised spaces to appeal to Caucasian customers. Professionally trained chefs use their training as vehicles for migration and the restaurants that hire them use their professional training to maintain their standards. By illustrating how these individuals have changed the Sydney foodscape, this study shows how anthropology can contribute to food studies by providing a ground up perspective of how individuals such as restaurant owners can have an impact on macro level issues such as changing foodscapes.<br>Detailed summary in vernacular field only.<br>Pang, Leo.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-163).<br>Abstracts also in Chinese.<br>Abstract --- p.i<br>論文摘要 --- p.ii<br>Acknowledgements --- p.iii<br>List of Figures --- p.vii<br>Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1<br>The Globalisation of Chinese Food --- p.4<br>Chinese Migration and Restaurants --- p.15<br>Methodology --- p.21<br>Thesis Organisation --- p.26<br>Chapter Chapter 2 --- Chinese Migration and Chinese Restaurants in Sydney: Historical Background --- p.29<br>Pre-Gold Rush Migration: The Need for Labour --- p.31<br>New Gold Mountain: The Gold Rush Era --- p.35<br>The End of the Gold Rush and the Move towards a White Australia --- p.37<br>The end of the White Australia Policy and Multiculturalism --- p.43<br>Chinese and their Restaurants in Australia --- p.47<br>Conclusion --- p.51<br>Chapter Chapter 3 --- Changing their Lives and Changing the Foodscape: Chinese Migrants and Their Restaurants in Sydney --- p.54<br>Untrained cooks --- p.58<br>Professional Chef-Migrants --- p.64<br>Younger and More Corporate Owners --- p.72<br>Location, Location: Where to Open Restaurants and Aspirations for their Children --- p.75<br>Conclusion --- p.80<br>Chapter Chapter 4 --- To Compromise or Not To Compromise: Chinese Restaurant Menus in Sydney --- p.85<br>Reproducing Chinese Food in Sydney --- p.89<br>Local Favourites --- p.91<br>Authenticity and Cultural Reproduction --- p.94<br>Pleasing the Locals: Modifying Dishes and Adding Dishes to Menus --- p.102<br>Conclusion --- p.107<br>Chapter Chapter 5 --- Restaurant Chains and the Expansion of Chinese Restaurants in Sydney --- p.112<br>From Ethnoburbs to the Suburbs: Chinese Restaurants in New Locations --- p.116<br>Corporatisation: Increasing Professionalism --- p.119<br>Décor and Presentation: Creating a New Image for Chinese Food --- p.123<br>Conclusion --- p.134<br>Chapter Chapter 6 --- Conclusion --- p.138<br>Negotiating Multiple Authenticities --- p.145<br>Making and Staging Authenticity --- p.147<br>Changing Tastes and Foodscapes: The Future of Chinese Food in Sydney --- p.150<br>Bibliography --- p.155<br>Chapter Appendix 1 --- : Restaurants Visited and Interviewed --- p.164<br>Chapter Appendix 2 --- : List of Restaurant Owners and Staff Interviewed --- p.166<br>Chapter Appendix 3 --- : Glossary --- p.167
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Cefalu, Paul A. "Habit, virtue and character : moral identity in early modern English texts /." 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9920151.
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Sommers, Jennifer Heidrun. "Overeating, Obesity, and Weakness of the Will." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6589.
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The philosophical literature on akrasia and/or weakness of the will tends to focus on individual actions, removed from their wider socio-political context. This is problematic because actions, when removed from their wider context, can seem absurd or irrational when they may, in fact, be completely rational or, at least, coherent. Much of akrasia's apparent mystery or absurdity is eliminated when people's behaviours are considered within their cultural and political context. I apply theories from the social and behavioural sciences to a particular behaviour in order to show where the philosophical literature on akrasia and/or weakness of the will is insightful and where it is lacking. The problem used as the basis for my analysis is obesity caused by overeating. On the whole, I conclude that our intuitions about agency are unreliable, that we may have good reasons to overeat and/or neglect our health, and that willpower is, to some degree, a matter of luck.<br>Graduate<br>0630<br>0573<br>0422<br>felshereeno@aol.com
Books on the topic "Ethnic Identity/habitus"
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Wu, Xu, and Xu Wu. Farming, cooking, and eating practices in the central China highland: How Hezha foods function to establish ethnic identity. Edwin Mellen Press, 2011.
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Farming, cooking, and eating practices in the central China highland: How Hezha foods function to establish ethnic identity. Edwin Mellen Press, 2010.
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Sullivan, Shannon. Revealing whiteness: The unconscious habits of racial privilege. Indiana University Press, 2005.
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Revealing whiteness: The unconscious habits of racial privilege. Indiana University Press, 2006.
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Santos, Jocélio Teles dos. Discutindo etnicidades: Alimentação, afro-religiosidade, percursos intelectuais negros, política linguística e adornos corporais indígenas. EDUFBA, 2014.
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Una famiglia che mangia insieme: Cibo ed etnicità nella comunità italoamericana di New York, 1920-1940. Otto Editore, 2001.
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Gorza, Piero. Habitar el tiempo en San Andrés Larráinzar: Paisajes indígenas de los altos de Chiapas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2006.
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Gorza, Piero. Habitar el tiempo en San Andrés Larráinzar: Paisajes indígenas de los altos de Chiapas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2006.
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We are what we eat: Ethnic food and the making of Americans. Harvard University Press, 1998.
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Counihan, Carole. A tortilla is like life: Food and culture in the San Luis valley of Colorado. University of Texas Press, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ethnic Identity/habitus"
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McClintock, Nathan, Alex Novie, and Matthew Gebhardt. "Is It Local … or Authentic and Exotic? Ethnic Food Carts and Gastropolitan Habitus on Portland’s Eastside." In Food Trucks, Cultural Identity, and Social Justice. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036573.003.0015.
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In this chapter, examine the location of ethnic food cart owners within Portland, Oregon’s food cart scene, and within the broader paradigms of local food and sustainability for which the city is known. Through an inventory of food carts, interviews with cart owners, and a case study of the Portland Mercado food cart pod, we explore how the everyday practices of ethnic food cart owners on Portland’s eastside reflect and differ from those of other food cart owners. Drawing on Bourdieu, we demonstrate how their practices in turn reshape the wider “gastropolitan” field of foodie tastes. We argue that cart owners unsettle the eco-centric values dominating Portand’s foodie culture by emphasizing authenticity and exoticism. The ability to capitalize on a particular set of gastropolitan values – local and organic or authentic and exotic – is geographically uneven, however; it depends on both the physical agglomeration of food carts espousing a particular set of gastropolitan values, and on their location within the foodscape, a position very much tied to economic processes of gentrification and displacement bifurcating the city.
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Apostolidis, Paul. "Visions of Community at Worker Centers." In The Fight For Time. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459338.003.0006.
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Two thematic strands characterize day laborers’ conceptions of their worker center communities. Many workers stress the need for order and efficiency backed by strong authority aimed at distinguishing worthy participants from the unworthy, providing security to migrants with a stout work ethic, and ensuring members’ unity as a disciplined workforce. Many others highlight convivial and mutualist practices through which day laborers assist suffering compañeros, govern centers autonomously and democratically, and mobilize politically. Day laborers thus manifest modes of democratic action grounded in mundane habits of reciprocity, enlivened through intercorporeal resonances, and catalyzing politicization within precaritized conditions. Workers’ community-making activities further shed light on the temporalities of transformative practices conceptualized by Raymond Rocco, Romand Coles, and Anna Lowenhaupt-Tsing, whose writings in turn illuminate the political significance of worker center cultures. Day laborers also rearticulate racial-ethnic identity according to temporalities that counter neoliberal permutations of the Latino unity ideal criticized by Cristina Beltrán.
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Hass, Jeffrey K. "Durability of Class." In Wartime Suffering and Survival. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197514276.003.0006.
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Class figured prominently in the Blockade, as unequal distribution of resources, and as differing perceptions and practices. Intelligentsia, a professional culture-producing class (artists, writers, professors), saw themselves as gatekeepers of ethics and culture. They used networks to plead for meager extra food, but they were loath to admit doing so. In contrast, intelligenty criticized the rynok in moral terms and tried to avoid using it. Blue-collar workers grounded status and identity in physical labor, socialism, and pragmatism. They chafed at superiors’ privileges, which reinforced class identity. In contrast, they were less reluctant to use the rynok pragmatically (although they could be critical). Managers were instrumentally rational. They enjoyed privileges and were almost silent about using networks for food. They used managerial paternalism to ground authority, including shadow practices to help employees survive. Managers sometimes used the rynok for gain. In sum, class mattered as habits and differential relations to food.
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Azarov, Serge S. "The Information Society in Ukraine." In Global Information Technologies. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-939-7.ch034.
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In order to assess the prospects for the development of the information society in Ukraine, there is a need to consider the possible directions or approaches that such development might take. In The Diversity within Unity,Etzioni (2001) states: Two approaches are to be avoided: promoting assimilation and unbounded multiculturalism. Assimilation–which entails requiring minorities to abandon all of their distinct institutions, cultures, values, habits, and connections to other societies in order to fully mesh into the prevailing culture—is sociologically difficult to achieve and unnecessary for dealing with the issues at hand, as we shall see. It is morally unjustified because of our respect for some normative differences, such as to which gods we pray. Unbounded multiculturalism—which entails giving up the concept of shared values, loyalties, and identity in order to privilege ethnic and religious differences, presuming that nations can be replaced by a large number of diverse minorities—is also unnecessary. It is likely to evoke undemocratic backlashes, ranging from support for extremist, right-wing parties and populist leaders to anti-minority policies.
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Azarov, Serge S. "The Information Society in Ukraine." In Information Communication Technologies. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-949-6.ch056.
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In order to assess the prospects for the development of the information society in Ukraine, there is a need to consider the possible directions or approaches that such development might take. In The Diversity within Unity,Etzioni (2001) states: Two approaches are to be avoided: promoting assimilation and unbounded multiculturalism. Assimilation–which entails requiring minorities to abandon all of their distinct institutions, cultures, values, habits, and connections to other societies in order to fully mesh into the prevailing culture—is sociologically difficult to achieve and unnecessary for dealing with the issues at hand, as we shall see. It is morally unjustified because of our respect for some normative differences, such as to which gods we pray. Unbounded multiculturalism—which entails giving up the concept of shared values, loyalties, and identity in order to privilege ethnic and religious differences, presuming that nations can be replaced by a large number of diverse minorities—is also unnecessary. It is likely to evoke undemocratic backlashes, ranging from support for extremist, right-wing parties and populist leaders to anti-minority policies.
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Azarov, Serge S. "The Information Society in Ukraine." In Encyclopedia of Developing Regional Communities with Information and Communication Technology. IGI Global, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-575-7.ch078.
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In order to assess the prospects for the development of the information society in Ukraine, there is a need to consider the possible directions or approaches that such development might take. In The Diversity within Unity,Etzioni (2001) states: Two approaches are to be avoided: promoting assimilation and unbounded multiculturalism. Assimilation–which entails requiring minorities to abandon all of their distinct institutions, cultures, values, habits, and connections to other societies in order to fully mesh into the prevailing culture—is sociologically difficult to achieve and unnecessary for dealing with the issues at hand, as we shall see. It is morally unjustified because of our respect for some normative differences, such as to which gods we pray. Unbounded multiculturalism—which entails giving up the concept of shared values, loyalties, and identity in order to privilege ethnic and religious differences, presuming that nations can be replaced by a large number of diverse minorities—is also unnecessary. It is likely to evoke undemocratic backlashes, ranging from support for extremist, right-wing parties and populist leaders to anti-minority policies.
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Kinsella, John. "Auguste Lacaussade." In Polysituatedness. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526113344.003.0023.
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Le Réunion has become a significant point in my lived geography (and that of my family). It is an island of diverse cultures and heritages, and in all discourse and life on the island the spectre and reality of its history of slavery is present. The affirmation of identity of those people with slave heritage and the crimes committed in the name of the French state (and financial gain in itself) make of the island a memorial place, a place of warning of the evils of colonial displacement and profiteering, as well as an affirmation of the strength of individuals and communities to overcome such traumatic origins. This remarkable (geologically young) island with its semi-tropical volcanic and mountainous habitats, its isolated cirques, its vibrant Creole language, its religious and ethnic diversity, and its pluralism ‘wrestling’ with the notion (and reality) of the French state, makes for a remarkable history of polysituatedness in poetry and literature in general....
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Marsh, Stephen, Andrew S. Patrick, and Pamela Briggs. "Social Issues of Trust and Digital Government." In Information Security and Ethics. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-937-3.ch193.
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Building any online system or service that people will trust is a significant challenge. For example, consumers sometimes avoid e-commerce services over fears about their security and privacy. As a result, much research has been done to determine factors that affect users’ trust of e-commerce services (e.g., Egger, 2001; Friedman, Khan, & Howe, 2000; Riegelsberger & Sasse, 2001). Building trustable e-government services, however, presents a significantly greater challenge than e-commerce services for a number of reasons. First, government services are often covered by privacy protection legislation that may not apply to commercial services, so they will be subject to a higher level of scrutiny. Second, the nature of the information involved in an e-government transaction may be more sensitive than the information involved in a commercial transaction (Adams, 1999). Third, the nature of the information receiver is different in an e-government context (Adams, 1999). Some personal information, such as supermarket spending habits, might be relatively benign in an e-commerce situation, such as a loyalty program (supermarket points, or Air Miles, for instance), but other information such as medical records would be considered very sensitive if shared amongst all government agencies. Fourth, the consequences of a breach of privacy may be much larger in an e-government context, where, for example, premature release of economic data might have a profound effect on stock markets, affecting millions of investors (National Research Council, 2002). E-government services also involve significant privacy and security challenges because the traditional trade-offs of risks and costs cannot be applied as they can in business. In business contexts it is usually impossible to reduce the risks, for example of unauthorized access to information, or loss of or corruption of personal information, to zero and managers often have to trade-off acceptable risks against increasing costs. In the e-government context, because of the nature of the information and the high publicity, no violations of security or privacy can be considered acceptable (National Research Council, 2002). Although zero risk may be impossible to achieve, it is vital to target this ideal in an e-government service. In addition, government departments are often the major source of materials used to identify and authenticate individuals. Identification documents such as driver’s licenses and passports are issued by government agencies, so any breach in the security of these agencies can lead to significant problems. Identity theft is a growing problem worldwide, and e-government services that issue identification documents must be especially vigilant to protect against identity theft (National Research Council, 2002). Another significant challenge for e-government systems is protecting the privacy of individuals who traditionally have maintained multiple identities when interacting with the government (National Research Council, 2002). Today, a driver’s license is used when operating an automobile, a tax account number is used during financial transactions, while a government health card is used when seeking health services. With the implementation and use of e-government services it becomes possible to match these separate identities in a manner that was not being done before, and this could lead to new privacy concerns.
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Piemonte, Nicole M. "The Formation of Medical “Professionals”." In Afflicted. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262037396.003.0004.
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Chapter four explores how educators might help cultivate the capacity for authentic patient care among doctors-in-training, including a comportment of humility, openness, and gratitude for patients. The argument is made that the curative ethos of medicine and its preoccupation with calculative thinking will persist until educators can cultivate within clinicians and clinicians-in-training the capacity to face their vulnerability and the reality of existential anxiety. It is through a pedagogy that values and fosters vulnerability and reflexivity that this capacity can be cultivated. Although recent trends in the professionalism movement, including that of “professional identity formation,” have made progress toward these ends, these movements actually may serve to reinforce calculative thinking, due to their focus on outcomes and assessment. This chapter looks critically at such trends in medical education and contends that ideas concerning professionalism can be enriched and expanded through an understanding of virtue ethics and the Aristotelian concept of phronesis, which emphasize personal development, experiential and habitual learning, and quality mentorship.
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Engelhardt, Georgi N. "Bosnian ethnic communities’ long-term foreign policy affiliations: from the Crimean War to Dayton." In A Stranger’s Gaze: Diplomats, Journalists, Scholars — Travellers between East and West from the Eighteenth Century to the Twenty-First. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Nestor-Istoriia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/4469-1767-9.20.
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The essay treats the long-term patterns of Bosnia and Herzegovina's (BiH) constituent peoples' (Bošnjaks, Croats, and Serbs) foreign policy orientations as seen by Russian diplomats. Comparative analysis is based on the first Russian study of the area, Bosnia, Herzegovina and Ancient Serbia (1859) by Alexander F. Gilferding, first Russian Consul in Sarajevo, as well as on contemporary documents of the Archives of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation from 1995 to 1998. The object of this study is to investigate the descriptions of their Bosnian counter-parts from all three main ethnic groups in order to find out long-term patterns and their evolution from the middle of the nineteenth to the early twenty-first centuries. In both the middle of the nineteenth and at the dawn of the twenty-first centuries, Russian diplomats reported on fundamental differences in the foreign policy orientations of BiH's Bošnjaks, Croats, and Serbs. Their Bosnian counterparts, regardless of their ethnic origin, almost unanimously stated that the Bošnjaks were looking towards Turkey, the Croats towards the West, and the Serbs towards Russia. These fundamental sympathies directly influenced Bosnian politicians' actions. For Russia, it meant that Republika Srpska's leaders were eager to use every possibility to cooperate with Moscow as well as the neartotal neglect of Russian propositions by Bošnjak and Croat leaders. Nevertheless, these long-term patterns have evolved over the last 150 years. Alexander Gilferding recorded the predominantly confessional identity of Bosnians. In the late 1990's however, Bosnians perceived themselves primarily ethnically, with the religious factor somewhat subordinated to ethnicity. Furthermore, there is a visible evolution of foreign policy orientation for Bosnian peoples: (a) the Bošnjaks, along with the habitual attraction to Turkey, are now drawn to the wider Arab world and the US, inasmuch as their support was crucial during the Bosnian War of 1992-1995 and for the maintenance of BiH's very existence; (b) the Croats no longer gravitate towards Vienna, but to Zagreb and Germany; and (c) the Serbs are drawn to pan-Serb interests, with a predominant orientation towards Serbia (FRY of the late 1990s), which has become more important than their still existing penchant for Russia. However, even such an evolution does not alter the fundamental differences between BiH's constituent peoples' aspirations that effectively exclude any coherent and widely accepted foreign policy. Therefore, the Bosnian political scene is extremely sensitive towards tensions between the global centres to which its constituent peoples gravitate.
Conference papers on the topic "Ethnic Identity/habitus"
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Istrate, Mariana. "Between identity and otherness. Stereotypical forms of ethnonyms." In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/57.
Full textAbstract:
We aim to investigate ethnic names from an interdisciplinary perspective embracing not only an onomastic viewpoint, but also an ethnological, anthropological and sociological one. Generally speaking, ethnonyms as group names are derived from toponyms, but their referents are the people who inhabit a specific geographical area and who have a particular cultural identity. Still, the identity of a group just like that of a person is validated only by referring it to a different one. Therefore, in addition to the official name (‘the endonym’), the others, who speak a different language and have a different culture and mindset, as a result of their way of perceiving the world, will employ an exonym, a word of their own creation which usually has nothing to do with the geographical area, but rather with the habits and customs of the inhabitants. Sometimes these onymic formulas may even become offensive and function as stereotypes which generalise and preserve not pertinent character traits, but collateral ones, in relation to the referent (the Scot = scrooge; the Brit = snob; the German = organised and precise; the Japanese = punctual; the Italian = associated with the Mafia; the Norwegian = cold and introverted). This phenomenon is found especially in multicultural environments where the convergence point of two cultures becomes a source of alterity also affecting the level of onomastics. We define by linguistic means the peculiarities of some peoples, i.e. the Italians, Americans, Romanians and Germans.
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Felecan, Daiana. "Naming and multiculturalism in jokes: how do the Romanians perceive others?" In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/52.
Full textAbstract:
In addition to its primary, objective function of individual identification, anthroponyms can also fulfil a social function, which implies the inclusion of several entities in a class based on their sharing – due to their belonging to the same ethnolinguistic culture – similar beliefs, habits, customs etc. This paper aims at recording the main names that Romanians employ in jokes (taken from the local onomasticon or from the name stocks of various ethnicities as a result of direct or indirect contact) and to identify their pragmatic functions. The name forms analysed are culture-bound specifying markers, i.e. names that are considered representative of the peoples to which this investigation refers. The author examines first names in humorous discourse, particularly in jokes. These onyms tend to lose their individual character and appellativise by means of deonymisation, as they metonymically define an ethnic/national community. At the same time, there are certain name substitutes, i.e. generic appellatives which behave as signs that identify every denotatum in a given community. Thus, several conclusions can be drawn about the way in which the Romanian people expresses/experiences multiculturalism on the level of the understanding/interpretation of the names (name substitutes) analysed.