Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ethnicité – Guinée – Conakry (Guinée)'
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Diallo, Abdoul Goudousse. "La manipulation mass médiatique de l'ethnicité en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas de la Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR2005.
Full textFollowing the example of several African countries, the ethnic manipulation became a sad reality in Guinea. But, we can say the highlight of this manipulation sees its fullfillment in 2010, during the presidential election campaign. The quite ethnic was then the thing the best shared by the political actors who instrumented objective memberships in the only purpose to mobilize the community of origin: the clientelism to which resort the various political parties is then for its peak. It is therefore a question good political ethnicity supported by the mercenaries’ politics with complicity of the « pirates » of the information.So this doctoral thesis in Science of information and communication analyzes the media construction of the ethnicity by the politics in the media and more particularly on the sites of information. The organization of this thesis is based on two parts. The first, theoretical part is dedicated to the various speculative searches and to the currents concerning our field of study. Second, empirical, is of an investigation ground. It leaned on a methodology to know the analysis of articles of sites of information through the model of Lasswell, actenciel, the use of software tropes having for objective essential to seize the contents of articles and qualitative interviews. Besides, in our study of corpus concerning current events during election campaigns from 2010 till 2015, we were able to highlight interesting results basing on the software tropes and our analysis of speech and contents. These results offer a complete vision of the sociological transformations in guinean society carrying at the heart of current events the ethnic problem in Guinea.These methods allowed us to grasp the intrumentalisation of the ethnicity in Guinean society, the media treatment of which it is the object, as well as stands so political as ideological of the sites of information
Rouamba, Jérémi. "Peuplements, paysages et risque de maladie du sommeil à l'embouchure du Rio Pongo (Guinée-Conakry)." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30041.
Full textSince second half of the XXe century, Coastal Guinea knows important dynamic of settlement, and particularly at the mouths of large rivers, where are located sleeping sickness foci. It is the case in the river mouth of Rio Pongo (prefecture of Boffa) where particular geographical conditions support the presence of men, tsetse flies and sleeping sickness. The aim of our work is to localize and characterize settlements, landscapes and activities at risk of contracting sleeping sickness in this territory very exploited by men. The settlement is characterized by villages located on mainland at the mainland/mangrove interface and on islands, generally composed by mangrove trees. A major part of the mainland population has activities on islands and a part of islands population came to mainland. The daily and seasonally mobility related to activities is carried out by using channels mangrove, privileged meeting places of men and tsetse flies. Our results show that mobility constitutes the main reason of the persistence of the disease in the mouth of Rio Pongo, because responsible of a high tsetse/human contact and of the low rate of villagers frequentation to medical survey. Our study permit to locate, identify and treat on a hierarchical basis, areas with trypanosome risk transmission in the mouth of Rio Pongo. That will be useful to orientate medical and entomological control
Deme, Mamadou Hady. "L'armée dans la démocratisation tardive en Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0253/document.
Full textIn Sub-Saharan Africa, civil supremacy over the armed forces has been one of the main gaps in the evolution of the state public institution. Armed forces, in most country, still play an important political role. Late democratization in Guinea results into ambivalent and complex relations between the army and the political power. Those relations are part of the global issue of the politization of the army. With two military coup d’Etats, the politization of the army went hand in hand with a degradation of institutional bases of the State. This study is the analysis and forth between democratization and authoritarian restoration. Policy reforms carried out so far that seeks to redefine the concept of security policy in Guinea have crystallised around the Security Reform System which is on the one hand, a key issue to consolidate democratic achievements and on the other hand, the dynamics of State reconstruction
Traoré, Fatoumata. "Rôle du capital social dans le bien-être des femmes en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas de Conakry en Guinée." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25180/25180.pdf.
Full textDiallo, Alpha Oumar. "L'évaluation des résultats d'un programme de formation continue des enseignants du primaire de Guinée-Conakry." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA1003.
Full textDIALLO, MOHAMED M. "Guinée - Conakry : l'Etat, les mines et les problèmes socioéconomiques de développement." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070142.
Full textGuinea is basically and pre-dominantly an agro-pastoral country. However, because of its immense natural wealth, guinea has acquired a status of a major exporter of these mineral resources. The main concern of the government's development policy is to introduce reform measures to redesign and re-structure the economic system inherited from the colonizers and to develop an infra-structure for a balanced growth of its agricultural and manufacturing sectors so as to attain self-suffiency and self-sustained economic growth. The principal hypothesis tested in this study is that the inextricable inter-dependence of nations-governments of the contemporany world is such that one cannot envisage a coherent analysis of the socio-economic problems affecting each of them in a framework as restricted as the limits of their political juridictions. Moreover, we think that the national planners and administrators in guinea are aware of the political, institutional and financial constraints of development. The analysis of these constraints must explore all the factors -endogeneous and exogeneous -challenging the socio-economic development of the country. In so far as the internal factors are concerned our main concern is toidentify all of them which are fundamental in nation building. Undoubtedly, the fundamental social problem in this contest relates with increasing the awareness and conscience of the people in evolving those modalites permitting to attain a certain degree of homogeneity without which the diversication
Gangneux-Kebe, Julie. "Fabriquer l'ordinaire de la ville : le rôle de l'habitant à Conakry (Guinée)." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2027/document.
Full textThe present research focuses on the urban fabric by its inhabitants in Conakry, Guinea. Long studied by various institutions and their development projects, the urban fabric only considers the inhabitant as a beneficiary of expert planning. From their participation in urban planning, citizen knowledge seems now well known in Northern countries. While in the South, ordinary city dwellers display a range of ways to create space: "their spaces". Through their initiatives and appropriations, inhabitants invent urban spaces outside of the planning projects. The analysis of the daily experiences in Conakry allows us to reconsider a binary interpretation (formal / informal) of the urban fabric in West Africa.This work focuses on the production of space in Conakry by of "citizens-city-dwellers", describing the forms and relation of daily life in the popular neighborhoods of Hafia. The inhabitants create their new appropriations of space to claim the “right to urban life”(Lefebvre, 1968). Faced with increasing tensions (demographic, environmental, socio-economic, land ) that tend to fragment the West African city a little more each day, from this research project, it appears that the ordinary fabric of the city seems to reduce these forms of inequalities and fragmentations. When the participation of the inhabitants in the co-construction of spaces is researched in the North and in the South, the perspective of the inhabitants of a city in the South can teach us about the ways and forms of inhabiting the ordinary; about the process to appropriate and share collectively the fabric of the city
Diallo, El Hadj Mohamed Ramadan. "Ethnicité et processus démocratique en Guinée, de 1990 à 2015." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3048/document.
Full textFor a good number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa – the French-speaking ones especially – the 1990s represented a transition from authoritarian regimes to democratic ones. This is the case in Guinea where a democratic process began in the mid-1980s, with the fall of the very strict regime of Ahmed Sékou Touré. In contrast to the Western liberal democracies on which it is based, the conventional democracy adopted in Guinea exists in the juridico-institutional layout but does not, in reality, function on the basis of political and social institutions that transcend the ethnic and community groups tensions. Ethnicity is the fundamental matrix. It is manifested by the hybridization of import-export institutional products with specific local realities. Public administration, political parties, socio-cultural organizations rely explicitly or implicitly on ethnicity in their relationship to politics. Several factors are at the root of this double phenomenon of ethnicization of the political fact and politicization of the ethnic fact in Guinea. One may attribute both to the fragility of the State which is struggling to ensure its sovereign missions - security, justice, well-being, etc. - and to the inadequacy of the anchoring of the values, norms and principles of liberal democracy in Guinean society. To this must be added the structuring role of ethnicity as a social group of political mobilization in collective representations
Sanka, Jean-Louis. "Frontières, politiques, dynamiques territoriales et environnement en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas des Rivières du Sud : Gambie, Casamance (Sénégal), Guinée Bissau, Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30045.
Full textThe territorial and regionalization question become two central paradigms for the political powers and the specialists of the human and social sciences. In Africa, the link between these two realities refers inevitably to territories, identities, States, globalization and to the development of news phenomena (trans-nationalization). For the researchers, the study of these phenomena raises a whole series of conceptual and methodological preoccupations, while for the decision-makers; it refers to geopolitical and economic opportunities. In the territorial question, the arrangement worries are translated by town and country planning policies known under the name of "communitary", and those of responsibility and liberties are traduced by the policies of free movement of people and goods, the harmonization of the standards. In terms of regionalization processes, the question of the scales and models of intervention to be promoted is more than alarming after the failure of what is called integration from the bottom. The socioeconomic changes in contemporary Africa lead societies to do make new link between the local and global situations without crossing by the formerly necessary national stage. These are two spatial dimensions that are found perfectly in western Africa, both fragmented and advanced integration space. Africa is also a continent where the border areas play important economic and social role more than political one. Can the socio-economic activity consequently involve the policy? Border areas which are also rich shambles, grouping a multitude of actors, play this role. The border itself is in constant transformation. The changes which it undergoes are of different levels: social, economic, political and even geographical. Trade, movements, social and cultural links are the factual elements that cause the decomposition of the border. They are invariants that are empirically observed first. The synergy between networks and the territorialities is an advantage for trade and regionalization from below
Berliner, David. ""Nous sommes les derniers bulonic": sur une impossible transmission dans une société d'Afrique de l'Ouest (Guinée-Conakry)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211423.
Full textEhounoud, Hervé Cyrille Bile. "Maladies bactériennes, y compris vectorisées, en Afrique de l'Ouest (Côte d'Ivoire et Guinée-Conakry)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5051.
Full textFebrile illnesses including bacterial diseases are poorly known in Côte d'Ivoire and Guinea.In the first part of our work, we researched by molecular biology bacteria transmitted by ticks in Côte d’Ivoire. We analyzed different species of ticks collected from cattle and highlighted pathogenic bacteria responsible for many infectious diseases such as Rickettsia, Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) and twenty potential new species. In the second part, our goal was to detect using molecular biology several microorganisms in humans in Guinea (Conakry) and Côte d'Ivoire. As regards the study of wounds and healthy skin in Guinea, most patients were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, several species of Acinetobacter.Among the febrile patients and healthy controls afebrile recruited in Guinea and Côte d'Ivoire, Plasmodium falciparum is the most common detected microorganism especially in blood samples from febrile patients although several bacteria were also identified. In Guinea, it was Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., and R. felis. These bacteria were also identified as well as Salmonella enterica Typhi, Salmonella enterica Paratyphi, Tropheryma whipplei and a potential new species of Wolbachia in Côte d’Ivoire.This work allowed establishing the repertory of bacteria transmitted by ticks in Côte d’Ivoire, as well as those involved in bacteremia in Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea (Conakry)
Diallo, Mohamadou Mountaga. "Frontières, stratégies d'acteurs et territorialités en Sénégambie. Cas des frontières Sénégal-Gambie et Sénégal-Guinée Conakry." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON30004.
Full textThe object of this thesis is to analyze the processes of construction of territorialities and of cross-border territories. Open major geographic, the border is traditionally defined as the limit of a State territory, the symbol of its sovereignty. The borders Senegal-Gambia and Senegal-Guinea Conakry, who keep this function, create many borders-effects widely exploited by the populations. The social actors and merchants of the border areas of Senegambia, through their various motilities, consecutive to the border-effect connect various locations on both sides. Therefore they create various territories, spaces experienced and owned. The border is here, link and separation. Shared spaces and strong communal solidarities, these cross-border territories are however the object of competitions and conflicts which are today supported by local actors through various initiatives for cross-border cooperation. The strengthening or even the institutionalization of these local initiatives could be done within the framework of cross-border governance involving the various families of actors (local civil society, territorial communities, and the State). This cross-border governance benefits from the ongoing process of decentralization in Senegal, Guinea Conakry and the Gambia and on the other hand, the recent progress made by ECOWAS in the framework of the institutionalization of cross-border cooperation. It could however be hampered by differences of interests and tensions between States, including Senegalese-Gambian
Bangoura, Marie Rose. "Gestion des déchets solides ménagers et ségrégation socio-spatiale dans la ville de Conakry." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20038/document.
Full textHousehold wastes have become a crucial problem which worries more and more municipality and population in Conakry. Because the current way of managing of waste is marked by important dysfunctions. The rate of collection which of 70% was in 1997 reached hardly today the 20% whereas the quantity of waste produced keeps on increasing, (600 T in 1997 to more 1500 T in 2015). The inoperative character of the structures of collection and evacuation of household wastes promote the establishment of the uncontrolled wild dumps everywhere in the city. The rubbish not collected, the sewage not channelled, the degraded roadway systems have become the nightmare of the inhabitants. Following this increasing insalubrity, Conakry displays the image of a city taken hostage by “mountains of rubbish”. The latter has become the reflection of a dual socio-spatial configuration with the existence of a kind of “segregation” in the service of pre-collection and waste disposal. At the time when the main axes, the administrative centres, shopping precinct and the rich districts profit from a minimum service of collection, the popular quarters and the poor where however the high densities of populations lead to the production of important quantities of waste are completely ignored. One attends thus through waste management two cities in the same city: a modern city with more or less of collection and the other, forsaken with unhealthy districts. In front of these disparities, the authorities developed and tried out tools and try to find strategies of optimal management. Unfortunately, the tools implemented showed their limits, because they appeared ineffective. Our thesis tries to analyse the reasons of these failures of management in a context of socio-space segregation and to build a prospect for management which takes into account the treatment and valorisation for the improvement of the environmental and medical situation of the country. The data which made it possible to lead to these results come from a document retrieval undertaken in France and Guinea, of a work of geolocation of the sites of household wastes, talks near the institutional and no institutional actors, and investigations near the households of the city
Diallo, Mamadou Djan Pounthioun. "L'Institut polytechnique de Conakry (I.P.C) et la formation d'une élite nouvelle en Guinée, 1962-1968." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0001/NQ32617.pdf.
Full textSimon-Loriere, Hélène. "Conditions de vie et projets migratoires des réfugiés libériens à Conakry (Guinée) et Accra (Ghana)." Phd thesis, Université de Poitiers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959961.
Full textTchirkov, Vitaly. "Déterminants du handicap moteur en République de Guinée : causes et conséquences des déficiences des membres inférieurs chez les habitants de Conakry." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG014.
Full textWhile dealing with the context of the developing countries, the notion of handicap is characterized in a specific way. We carried out our study in the Republic of Guinea, particularly related to the problems of the handicap, more specifically with the disability of inferior members. The main objectives of this research consist in explaining the causes and the consequences of the ascendancy of this type of deficiencies in Conakry. Furthermore, among the other problems analyzed in this work, we are interested in the representations which reflect the handicaps and the influence of traditional and religious beliefs on handicap. Our work is aimed to present the current conditions of the situation and to carry out a significant work on the site. In this framework, we organized two surveys during 2008 and 2009, dealing with approximately 1000 persons. According to our results, the main cause of the deficiencies of lower limbs is associated to the aftereffects of the poliomyelitis and to the presence of the other risk factors, such as the lack of safety on the roads. Furthermore, according to our analyses, about 80 % of the people questioned, belonged to the rural depopulation. Once installed in Conakry, they opt for three modes of subsistence: the practice of begging (48 %), working (16 %) and the family care (18 %). Moreover, each mode seems to determine the participation and the integration of these individuals in the society. Finally, our results show that nearly half of the Guineans believe in the witchcraft and in the malefic nature of the handicaps. Consequently, the faith influences negatively on the interpretation of the handicaps. To conclude, according to our analyses, the majority of the Guineans agrees to define the handicap as a biomedical phenomenon and considers it as an individual and not a social problem
Diallo, Fatoumata Binta. "État de santé des enfants de la naissance à neuf mois et type d'allaitement à Conakry (Guinée)." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3872.
Full textBah, Abdoul Hamidy. "Dynamique des langues et variation du français en milieu urbain en Guinée : cas de la ville de Conakry." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30045.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of a research on the dynamism of languages on one hand, and the expansions and variations of the French language in the city of Conakry on the other hand. In this urban and multilingual context, it is interesting to see the place of each language in the Guinean linguistic landscape. Especially because the question of the role of languages in the socio-economic development of Guinea in particular and the African countries in general rises with acuity in the political decision-making. In a sociolinguistic perspective, the languages in presence are observed under a dynamic angle. Which shows variations in languages practices of Conakry’s people. An analysis of sociolinguistic and identity representation of the speakers has enabled to explain the reason why the French language is progressively about to be the vehicular language in the city of Conakry. An analysis of the linguistics particularity of the French language spoken allowed to (bring) out the necessity of taking into account the features of the Guinean languages in the educational choices of the French teaching in Guinea. Eventually, the objective of this research is to understand the dynamism of the French language in Conakry both on the sociolinguistic and linguistic aspect
Koman, Daouda. "Les inégalités de réussite scolaire dans les institutions d'enseignement supérieur de Guinée: Le cas de l'Université de Conakry." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26503.
Full textAkakpo, Winfred Yao. "La position de l'épouse réfugiée comme analyseur de la transformation du système matrimonial chez les Kissi de Guinée-Conakry. Analyse socio-anthropologique." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0030.
Full textThe displacement of populations among the Kissi is often a consequence of war in the 90’s. This fact will constantly contributes more and more to changes in the social structure of Kissi people. The Kissi of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia are known for their observance of rites, the most important of which is customary marriage, principal regulatory apparatus of the community. It crowns and validates the sequence of rituals right from childhood. The Sierra Leonean and Liberian civil wars in the ‘90s displaced a huge part of the population, including the Kissi in particular, whom the two countries in war had forced into the Kissi territory in neighboring Guinea. The inflow of Kissi from Sierra Leone and Liberia, made up of women considered as “widows of wars”, changes the social and cultural situations of the Kissi in Guinea. The receiving population, designated as Kissi-from-here, developed reflexes to conserve and monopolize legitimacy regarding the arriving population baptized as Kissi-from-elsewhere. Between these peoples are established visible and invisible borders due to the dynamics set in motion by the sudden inflow. This could not but restructures the Kissi community. For, the motivating factor of the inflow of sierra leoneans and liberians to Guinean territory was the possibility of reconnecting with the extended family across the borders in the hope of their social rebuilding. The dynamics caused by these inflows restructure the Kissi community starting with the main institution: customary marriage. This thesis focuses on specific part of the displaced Kissi populations, a priori, with an attempts to show how a minority group can influence, modify and even overturn the way of life, the self-vision and the self-definition of an apparently dominant group. From socio-anthropological perspective, in this study, the accent is placed on the refugee woman with emphasis on her position through the prism of social organization and customary marriage. It shows how among the Kissi in Guinea, the transformation of social structures determine new forms of marital union. More also, how it facilitate the community’s upkeep and the reconfiguration of its foundations.Women occupy the heart of this research, but in general, the focus is on men and women; bringing into light the differences and the similarities between their marital organizations. Practically, by this research, the culture of confrontation acquired by the Kissi-from-elsewhere through the traumatic experience of war, challenges and transforms the culture of encounter and allows the displaced wife in Guinea to be adapted to her situation of vulnerability
Goerg, Odile. "Pouvoir colonial, municipalités et espaces urbains : Etude comparée Conakry-Freetown, des années 1880 à 1914." Paris 7, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA070022.
Full textThis dissertation considers three main themes. First the genesis and evolution of municipal institutions in conakry freetown, then a comparative analysis of municipal policies and finally a study of urbanism and public health in these two colonial cities. The idea is to analyse the relationship between the institutions and the policies during colonial times and to measure the respective range of manoeuvre. Beyond differences resulting from history, populations or national features of the two colonizers, the study shows that the policies converge at the end of the xixth c. This can be explained by changes in imperialistic pratices (restriction of self-government) and by the new domination of sanitary concerns (adaptation of segregation schemes)
Loua, René Tato. "Variabilité et tendances des paramètres météorologiques en Guinée : analyse des forçages par méthodes numériques Climatology of Guinea: Study of Climate Variability in N’zerekore Climatological analysis of temperature and pluviometry in Guinea 1960-2016 Study on Temporal Variations of Surface Temperature and Rainfall at Conakry Airport, Guinea: 1960–2016 Surface Temperature Trend Estimation over 12 Sites in Guinea Using 57 Years of Ground-Based Data." Thesis, La Réunion, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LARE0003.
Full textIn a context of climate change, the variability of meteorological parameters remains very sensitive to our environment. This work is part of a global perspective of the analysis of annual, inter-annual and spatial variability of meteorological parameters in Guinea. It is based on the exploitation of long series of observations (57 years) measured by 12 meteorological stations spread over all regions of Guinea. The objective of this thesis is to investigate these original series in order to improve our understanding of climate variability and associated geophysical processes. The approach developed in this PhD is based on a climatological analysis, followed by decanal trend assessment by the use of very recent and adapted numerical methods. The study shows that temperature variability is dominated by annual and semi-annual seasonal cycles, while rainfall variability is characterized by a predominantly annual cycle. The results have shown a significant increase in temperature trends and a decrease in precipitations since late 1960s. It was also found that the spatial distributions of temperature and rainfall have negative and positive latitudinal gradients equatorward, respectively. However, rainfall records remain very high in the coastal region and in the south-eastern part of the country. In addition to the semi-annual and annual oscillations, the investigated forcings do contribute to temperature and rainfall variability on different spatial and temporal scales. Among these forcings, we examined and quantified, for all regions, the contributions of Atlantic Niño, the Niño 3.4 Index, the AMM Index, the TNA Index and the Solar Flux. As for the long-term trend analysis, our results show that temperatures have globally increased from +0.04 to +0.21°C/decade. The northern half and the southern region of Guinea recorded the highest warming, followed by the coastal region which is under coastal, topographical and urbanization effects
Sylla, Morciré. "Processus d'alimentation de la nappe phréatique et géochimie des nitrates des eaux souterraines de la presqu'île de Kaloum, Conakry, Guinée." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/10068.
Full textBarry, Amadou Baïlo. "Analyse de productions écrites et orales d'étudiants de l'université de Conakry : état de l'enseignement du français en Guinée et propositions didactiques." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100086.
Full textThe aim of this theses is to make an evaluation of the competences of some students of the conakry in oral and written productions in a didactic perspective. This evaluation is made from the observation of their productions. The first part contains four chapters and explores to the analysis of the socio-educational and linguistic context of the french teaching in guinea, and after a short presentation of the geographical area, we study :. The outline of the relations between the different languages in guinea which is a multilingual country where the french language, the official language of teaching and administration is in contact with about twenty national languages. Within these languages, with an intra-ethnic function, we have three common languages and at a certain time, eight and then six of them have been like french, teaching languages;. The organization, the structure and the functioning of the guinean teaching system;. Some aspects of the sociolinguistic situation of the target population and (the ones) of some french teachers of the secondary school from a survey by a questionaire. The second part contains five chapters; after a review of some fondamental notions of textual linguistic and of different approches in discours analysis, the competences of the students are analysed in written productions on narrative and argumentative texts which are a matter for universitary exercises, the oral competences being evaluated from recorded and transcripted debates. The composition rules of the analyzed texts are apprehended on global and local levels through verbal tenses, anaphores, thematic progression, logic operators and connectors, which are linguistic unities yie coherent texts from written productions. From the analysis of the written and oral productions which have reveled the difficulties of the students, mainly in the writting of the texts, some didactic propositions are given based on a theoretical approch of semantic-grammatical categories of verbal tenses and connectors as for a more general work on various texts, an other to give pertinence and efficacity to the french teaching and to facilitate the amelioration of the communicative competence of the learners. Keys words : - production analysis - coherence - connection - verbal tense - anaphores - connectors - evaluation - teaching and learning
Diouara, Abou Abdallah Malick. "Réponse virologique au traitement antirétroviral chez les patients infectés par le VIH-1, suivis en milieux décentralisés en Afrique de l’Ouest (Sénégal, Mali et Guinée Conakry)." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON1T013/document.
Full textOne of the major barriers to the optimal care of patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy is the limited access to viral load (VL) and genotyping tests, especially in remote areas. These technologies are usually available only at central health facilities in larger cities and plasma is the reference sample. However, plasma or whole blood samples shipment from remote areas to reference lab faces several constraints or even impossible. In order to bring closer patients to reference lab, we have demonstrated the ability of DBS (Dried Blood Spots) collected and shipped in field conditions to provide complete virological monitoring (VL and genotyping). We also documented for the first time, virological outcome of ART and HIV-1 genetic diversity in adult patients followed up in decentralized settings in Senegal, Mali and Guinea Conakry. Overall, despite the low treatment adherence noted sometimes, our findings show no significant differences in the occurrence of virological failure among patients followed up in the central and peripheral health facilities, whatever the country. In Senegal, no integrase inhibitors associated DRM has been found despite the high rate of resistance in patients failing first and second-line treatment. Furthermore, among children born to HIV infected mothers, NNRTI-associated drug resistant mutations (DRM) were more predominant, probably because of systematic use of Nevirapine in MTCT. Our studies also confirm the high genetic diversity of viral subtypes, with the dominance of CRF02_AG in West Africa. This work presented here highlights the feasibility and relevance of DBS as support for the virological monitoring of patients in decentralized settings in West Africa. Furthermore, its use showed high rate of virological failure indicating the need to reinforce adherence to treatment. Finally, our results highlight the utility to considering carefully drug resistance patterns before switching to another ART regimen
Kpoumié, Monjap Abdou Duflaud. "Mondialisation économique et condition enseignante dans les pays en développement (PED) : le cas du Cameroun et de la Guinée Conakry." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17841.
Full textAho, Joséphine. "Prévention du VIH chez les femmes travailleuses du sexe de Conakry, République de Guinée : conseil dépistage volontaire, comportements à risque et infections sexuellement transmissibles." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5276.
Full textBackground: Female sex workers (FSW) constitute the population most at risk for HIV infection in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Several interventions have been implemented in this population to reduce the risk of infection. These interventions include the promotion of condom use and the screening and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI). However, some components are poorly represented among the interventions offered to FSW. Voluntary counselling and testing could be a useful intervention of primary and secondary prevention for this population but the acceptability of this intervention by FSW is little-known. In addition, in terms of surveillance of the epidemics, the evaluation of the validity of self-reported condom use is important as this indicator is frequently used in population surveys. More information is also needed about the importance of the desire for children in using inconsistently condoms with the main non-paying regular partner. Finally, the prevalence of STIs such as HPV-16 and the combined impact of sociodemographic, behavioural and preventive factors on HIV/STIs infection in this population need to be assessed. Objectives: The objectives of this thesis are 1) to measure the acceptability and the consequences of voluntary HIV counselling and testing among FSW in Conakry, Guinea; 2) to assess the validity of self-report condom use in this population through a biological indicator of semen, the prostate specific antigen (PSA); 3) to measure condom use with clients and non-client partners of FSW and to study the importance of the desire for children in inconsistent condom use with the main regular non-client partner and 4) to measure the prevalence of STIs and HIV and the socio-demographic, behavioural and preventive factors related to these infection outcomes. Methodology: We conducted a longitudinal study in the city of Conakry, Guinea among 421 FSW recruited in three health centers adapted for FSW. A longitudinal mixed design allowed for quantitative and qualitative data collections at baseline and one year later. Biological screening tests for STIs and HIV were performed. Results: The first article presented in this thesis showed that the acceptability of voluntary counselling and testing is high among FSW. The acceptance rate of testing, the return rate for results and disclosure of HIV status were close to 100%. This acceptability seemed to be the result of a high risk perception of HIV infection and of social pressure on FSW by the sex work stakeholders to undergo testing and to disclose their serostatus. Negatives consequences to VCT were rare. The second paper showed that self-reported recent condom use had a very low sensitivity when compared to the gold standard. Thus, most women in whom the PSA was found did not report any recent unprotected intercourse. The discrepancy between self-reported recent condom use and the presence of PSA was associated with a perceived high risk of HIV infection. The third section showed that while condom use was very common with clients, it was much less with non-client regular partners. The desire for pregnancy among SW contributed significantly to inconsistent condom use with this type of sexual partner. Socio-demographic characteristics, behavioural factors and co-infection with other STIs were associated with the presence of STIs and HIV, which were common despite all the interventions that were conducted in this population. Conclusion: In conclusion, HIV prevention among FSW is a challenge requiring the development of integrated strategies that take into account the commercial context in which these interventions are implemented but also FSW’s childbearing aspirations.
Bah, Mamadou Bhoye. "Apports, limites et enjeux de l'apprentissage par problèmes pour le développement de compétences associées au champ de l'éducation relative à l'environnement : une étude de cas en milieu universitaire guinéen." Thèse, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5267/1/D2399.pdf.
Full textDiallo, Alpha Mamadou. "Intégration des connaissances, pratiques et espèces indigènes dans la lutte contre les invasions biologiques et l'amélioration de la ressource en eau et de sa qualité : cas du bassin versant du barrage de Tinkisso et de sa forêt humide Sincéry-Ourssa à Dabola (Guinée Conakry)." Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1533/1/D1731.pdf.
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