Academic literature on the topic 'Ethnographic values'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Herzog, Lisa, and Bernardo Zacka. "Fieldwork in Political Theory: Five Arguments for an Ethnographic Sensibility." British Journal of Political Science 49, no. 2 (2017): 763–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123416000703.
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This article makes a positive case for an ethnographic sensibility in political theory. Drawing on published ethnographies and original fieldwork, it argues that an ethnographic sensibility can contribute to normative reflection in five distinct ways. It can help uncover the nature of situated normative demands (epistemic argument); diagnose obstacles encountered when responding to these demands (diagnostic argument); evaluate practices and institutions against a given set of values (evaluative argument); probe, question and refine our understanding of values (valuational argument); and uncover underlying social ontologies (ontological argument). The contribution of ethnography to normative theory is distinguished from that of other forms of empirical research, and the dangers of perspectival absorption, bias and particularism are addressed.
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Maulet, A., and L. T. Tlegenova. "Ethnographic values of the Kazakhs of Saryarka: traditional medicine (based on materials from the Akmola ethnographic expedition)." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 112, no. 4 (2023): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023hph4/81-90.
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Today the problem ofpreserving national spiritual and cultural values is very relevant. This article presents materials about the folk medicine of the Kazakhs of Saryarka (based on materials from the Akmola ethno-graphic expedition), which have survived to this day. Information collected through comprehensive ethno-graphic research is presented in comparison with historical data. Attention is drawn to the fact that among the Kazakhs of the Akmola region these ethnographic values were directly inherited. Information about Kazakh traditional medicine is systematized on the basis of materials collected during a research expedition conduct-ed by the authors of the article to the Akmola region in 2021-2022
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Samatan, Nuriyati, Wahyudin, Ariandi Putra, and Robingah. "Balȇȇle As A Ritual To Inherit Banggai Cultural Values." International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary 2, no. 2 (2023): 516–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/ijam.v2i2.323.
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This research aims to examine Baleele culture as a value inheritance ritual in Banggai culture. This research is qualitative, using an ethnographic approach with the following steps: [1] Determining the object of ethnographic research; [2] Identifying and determining the location of the cultural group; [3] Selecting the cultural theme of the cultural group; [4] Determining the type of ethnography; [5] Collecting information; [6] Writing research results. The result found that Baleele is a form of ritual communication carried out at a certain time, ahead of the "Big Ritual" of Banggai custom, namely the Mabangun Tunggul Ritual, held every 6 years. Baleele is one of the rituals that takes place three nights before the Mabangun Tunggul Ritual. The Banggai people strongly believe in the advice delivered, and consider the process as something sacred, valuable, for themselves, their families and the Banggai community as a whole.
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Wurigemule. "Museum ethnography and cultural values in Kazakhstan (Based on ethnographic works in Almaty)." Journal of history 97, no. 2 (2020): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jh.2020.v97.i2.07.
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Luintel, Youba Raj. "Epistemological Values and Limitations of Ethnography as an Interpretive Research Approach." SCHOLARS: Journal of Arts & Humanities 2 (August 31, 2020): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sjah.v2i0.35016.
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The research method in humanities and social sciences shares a certain theoretical frame and research design with the interpretive approach. The “interpretive approach” of ethnographic research brings humanities and social sciences together in the realms of naturalistic inquiry as well as knowledge production. This article discusses how ethnographers would tend to address these epistemological fronts in scholarship and research design in humanities and social sciences. It also raises some of the pragmatics and methodological utilities of the ethnographic approach, followed by a short description of ethical and practical issues involved in the research process. Both the humanities and social science research adopt the interpretive approach to explore the subject of investigation in the specific theoretical frame and from multiple perspectives. The article concludes that the strengths that it offers, particularly concerning unravelling complexities of people’s daily lives in their “meaning perspectives,” are unique and appealing even though ethnography never remains immune to some of the limitations of qualitative research.
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Lapasa, Amanca Pamalina, and Neng Zulfa Azhar. "Kebijakan Publik Melalui Lensa Etnografi: Menggali Dinamika Sosial Melalui Kerangka Tahapan Kebijakan Michael Howlett." Jejaring Administrasi Publik 17, no. 1 (2025): 20–39. https://doi.org/10.20473/jap.v17i1.67842.
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This study explores social dynamics through an ethnographic approach through Michael Howlett's policy stage analysis framework. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through secondary data collection from the internet and credible scientific journals. The ethnographic approach in policy studies uses policy ethnography as a framework for understanding Michael Howlett's policy stage analysis. This study provides insight into the meaning behind the social, cultural, and political contexts in the stages of public policy. The research findings show that the ethnographic approach through policy ethnography provides a social perspective at each stage of policy according to Michael Howlett's policy stage analysis framework. At the agenda-setting stage, policy ethnography uses an ethnographic approach as an initial step to map priority policy issues from direct observation of the community. At the policy formulation stage, policy ethnography identifies solutions to community needs related to problems faced from direct interactions that become policy formulation options. At the decision-making stage, policy ethnography decision-makers decide on policies to be implemented as a benchmark for desired goals through the social and cultural values of the community. At the policy implementation stage, policy ethnography conducts observations to understand the interaction between the policies being implemented and the responses of the targeted community. At the policy evaluation stage, policy ethnography evaluates the effectiveness of policies that have been implemented and assesses the impact of policies based on community perceptions and experiences. Policy ethnography refers to the social perspective at every stage of the policy. Keywords: Public policy, ethnographic approach, policy ethnography, social dynamics, policy stages
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Hyde, Arthur A. "Theory Used in Ethnographic Educational Evaluations: Negotiating Values." Anthropology & Education Quarterly 18, no. 3 (1987): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aeq.1987.18.3.05x1129k.
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Sukawati, Tjokorda Gde Raka. "Establishing Local Wisdom Values to Develop Sustainable Competitiveness Excellence." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 2, no. 3 (2017): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2017.2.3(11).
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Objective - This research aimed to dig into local wisdom, values that grew and thrived amongst Balinese as well as its application in the tourism sector, particularly tourism marketing. The area scope of this research was Ubud and its surrounding area. Methodology/Technique - This research used ethnographic studies to describe and interpret the culture, social group or system. Even though the cultural meaning was very extensive, the ethnographic studies only focused on the patterns of activity, language, beliefs, rituals, and ways of life (Sukmadinata, 2006). Findings – The results showed that the values of society local wisdom had always accompanied the development of the Ubud area since the inception of civilization to become an international tourist area. These local wisdom values were the competitiveness excellence factors that were unique and difficult to imitate. As the result of the consistent application of local wisdom values, the tourism sector in Ubud could be sustained until today. Theoretically, this research had been able to uncover that the modern marketing concepts had existed on the values and practices of local wisdom implementation. Novelty - The model of developing competitiveness by implementing local culture became the further development of model stated by Barney and Clarke (2007) and Vorhies et al. (2009). Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Local Wisdom Values, Competitiveness, Sustainable, Ethnography, Ubud, Bali. JEL Classification: L21, M14, M31.
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Raffai, Judit, and Ferenc Németh. "Representation of 19th century Serbian folk architecture from Banat in the ethnographic village of the Hungarian Millennium Exhibition (1896)." Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke, no. 166 (2018): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmsdn1866281r.
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In the last quarter of the 19th century, national exhibitions had become popular in Hungary as well, following the examples of world exhibitions around Europe. A part of this process was the Hungarian Millennium Exhibition set up in 1896, which mobilised enormous energy and presented the ethnographic values of the region with special emphasis. In the Ethnographic Village of the exhibition, the counties of the country set up valid copies of 24 furnished farmhouses from their regions. Twelve of these houses were intended to present the folk culture of national minorities living in Hungary. The Toront?l County, among other things, exhibited a Serbian house type from Crepaja village and a copy of its furniture, as well as Serbian folk costumes from villages Melenci and Crepaja. A research preceded the exhibition. J?nos Jank?, an ethnographer from Budapest, conducted a fieldwork in the above mentioned settlements in 1894, with the support of the Toront?l County. During his trip, he made notes, photos and drawings. He summarised the results of his research on several occasions. After the closing of the exhibition, the objects were placed in the collection of the then-formed Museum of Ethnography in Budapest, where they can be found even today. In our work, we would like to publish the results of this research and exhibition in a wider context, since these data, drawings and photos, which are mostly unknown for the ethnography and cultural history of the region, originate from the earliest stage of professional ethnographic research in Banat.
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Samatan, Dr Nuriyati, Dr Desi Pujiati, Robingah, Dr Yohanes Ari Kuncoroyakti, and Dr. Nurlaila. "Banunut As A Method Of Value Inheritance In The Banggai Tradition." International Journal of Management Studies and Social Science Research 06, no. 01 (2024): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.56293/ijmsssr.2024.4801.
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Research aim. This research aims to discuss Banunut as a method of inheriting values in the Banggai tradition. Theory implemented. The theory used in this research is theory of culture as Knowledge System based on Ward Goodenough. Method. This research used ethnographic approach, through New Ethnography method.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Leptak, Jeffrey Lynn. "A critical ethnographic study of a community's aesthetic values /." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487694702783922.
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Chilvers, A. J. "Engineers and values : ethnographic studies of the normative shaping of engineering practice." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1396992/.
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Engineers mediate processes that translate contextual social aims into infrastructures that shape our daily lives. Yet what engineers do is contested, context-bound and mediated at various scales. This work contributes a series of ethnographic studies which form a narrative on the global engineering and design consultancy, Arup, and considers how engineers should understand and engage with the appropriation of values in and through their practices. Analysis of the moral and theoretical positions of Arup’s founder, Sir Ove Arup, offers context for examining high-level organisational discourses. These are then set in analytical contrast with the practices revealed by two project ethnographies chosen as archetypes of two modes of consultancy as follows: Monodisciplinary Design Services: The provision of structural engineering services for the design of a public building and amenity space. Knowledge Production and Solutions Broking: The development of an electronic risk assessment tool for the management of water supply to remote, indigenous communities in Australia. While the former is found to be highly structured by external prescriptions of method and performance criteria, engineers still shape the values appropriated through design in the judgement spaces that do adhere to them. They also require moral imagination in order to recognise when professionally legitimate practices are no longer congruent with all morally salient facts. The latter case finds engineers producing new knowledge rather than simply applying pre-existing knowledge. These engineers are active originators and mediators of the values appropriated through their work, yet the resources for supporting engineers’ moral imagination are found to be lacking. Strategies for normative engagement are considered. Successful engagement ultimately requires a move away from views of organisation as fully rational, to recognising the contingent nature of knowing and acting at the level of practice, and careful attention to the diversity of experiences that result.
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da, Costa Cabral Ildegrada. "Multilingual talk, classroom textbooks and language values : a linguistic ethnographic study in Timor-Leste." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5954/.
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This thesis presents a multi-layered study of multilingual classroom discourse, with two teachers, in a primary school in Timor-Leste. The wider context for the study was a major shift in language-in-education policy – to the use of Portuguese and Tetum as media of instruction – on the independence of Timor-Leste in 2002. This is the first study in this context to use linguistic ethnography to investigate the ways in which teachers are navigating the policy shift and to analyse the links between multilingual classroom interaction and wider policy processes and language ideologies. Fieldwork for the study was conducted in 2012. It included classroom observation, note-taking, audio/video-recording of classroom interaction, interviews with teachers and with policymakers. The data analysis presented here centres on talk around Portuguese textbooks, in Tetum and Portuguese. The findings were as follows: (1.) teacher-pupil relationships were discursively co-constructed as strict and asymmetrical; (2.) code-switching practices evoked beliefs associated with hegemonic ideologies about bilingual education; and (3.) teachers mediated textbooks language and content by building bridges between textual knowledge and local knowledge. The study foregrounds teacher agency in language policy processes, but also makes connections with powerful political and academic discourses about language tied to nationhood and culture.
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Owens, Dorothea Jody. "Nature's Classroom: An Ethnographic Case Study of Environmental Education." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4192.
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NATURE'S CLASSROOM: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC CASE STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
DOROTHEA JODY OWENS
ABSTRACT
This ethnographic case study examines the dynamic relationship between culture and environmental education within the context of a specific Florida-based public education program. The School District of Hillsborough County (SDHC) offers the program through a three-day field trip to the study site, Nature's Classroom, and accompanying classroom curriculum. The site is located in Thonotosassa on the Hillsborough River, and serves approximately 13,500 to 15,000 sixth grade students annually. The key purpose of the research was to explore public education in a local setting as a vehicle for the transfer and acquisition of cultural knowledge, values, beliefs, and attitudes related to the environment.
My primary research question is as follows: What role do American cultural values play in the public education system, as demonstrated in environmental education at Nature's Classroom? Factors that guided data collection include the sociocultural and historical context, the field site itself, curriculum development and content, delivery of the curriculum to students, student outcomes, and additional or external factors that could potentially influence outcomes.
This dissertation explores the six factors using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. Methods include participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and archival document reviews. Results indicate that environmental education at this site has evolved in tandem with broader sociocultural trends in environmentalism, anthropology, and environmental education. Students show positive gains in knowledge and skills related to the environment.
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Lake, Hillary Ann. "Gender, race, commercialism, and news values in television : an ethnographic case study of NBC News anchor and correspondent Ann Curry at work /." Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1683355171&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=11238&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.<br>Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 383-401). Also available online in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.
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McLennan, Amy Kathleen. "An ethnographic investigation of lifestyle change, living for the moment, and obesity emergence in Nauru." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bd001d98-7648-4d2b-9d92-8130f022b34b.
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The Republic of Nauru, a small Pacific island nation, has one of the highest obesity rates in the world. Obesity emerged rapidly in Nauru during the 1970s, a period characterised by political independence and unprecedented economic growth resulting from lucrative phosphate mining. In the mid-1970s, the Nauruan population was one of the first in the world in which obesity, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease – co-morbidities associated with obesity – were identified as significant public health concerns. Such ‘lifestyle diseases’ continue to have debilitating effects on the Nauruan community. Obesity is generally understood to result from an energy imbalance; that is, people eat and drink more calories over time than they expend. This biomedical paradigm is implicit in the majority of research relating to obesity, such that the lifestyle to which obesity is attributed is limited to diet and activity. Yet in practice, lifestyle is much more than this. The lifestyle of a particular group is related to political, legal, religious, economic and value systems, modes of education, communication, transport and healthcare, and styles of art, music and entertainment. In this thesis I draw on ethnographic participant observation carried out in the Republic of Nauru during 2010-11, life history interviews, and diverse historical materials to answer three questions. First, what characterises the Nauruan lifestyle? Second, in what ways did the Nauruan lifestyle change over the second half of the twentieth century, the time period during which obesity and diabetes rapidly escalated? Finally, how might these changes be linked to the emergence and persistence of ‘lifestyle diseases’ in Nauru? I focus on one characteristic that stood out prominently in many different aspects of Nauruan life: ‘island time’, or the suggestion that there is ‘No Action Unless Really Urgent’. In theorisation of obesity, such living for the moment has been interpreted as laziness, pleasure-seeking or lack of self-control. However, a deeper analysis reveals that island time emerged gradually in the latter half of the twentieth century as Nauruans incorporated market-derived moral values into their everyday lives. This has led to profound changes in the way people feel when engaged in social exchanges, and is linked to temporally-shorter and more spatially dispersed social networks. I thus recast living for the moment as representative of a social trend rather than individual self-interest, and obesity as a phenomenon associated with the space between bodies rather than within each one. This leads me to consider more closely the links between social relationships and health. In Nauru, as in many societies, it is difficult to disentangle the biological and the social; the same feeling of unhealthiness, for example, is associated with being clinically ill and having a fight with a loved one. Yet many activities that are associated with tightening social networks, and which are prominent in the lifestyle characterised by island time – eating, drinking, or sitting and gossiping, for example – are also associated with obesity emergence. As a result, being biomedically healthy and feeling healthy are now somewhat incompatible in Nauru. In concluding, I argue that the adoption of economic rhetoric into everyday life has re-shaped moral values, everyday social relationships, and the demographic health profile on Nauru.
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Cheney, Gail. "Understanding the Future of Native Values at an Alaska Native Corporation." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1393519227.
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Jouvenceau, Maxime. "Produire des valeurs scolaires dans toutes les classes ? : flux et fictions dans l'enseignement et les établissements." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100093/document.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d’analyser les mécanismes qui organisent les flux des élèves et des étudiants dans le système scolaire français. La différenciation des carrières des élèves se fait essentiellement au lycée et a des conséquences en termes d’inégalités des apprentissages et d’orientation ultérieure dans l’enseignement supérieur. Les différences relatives aux apprentissages sont une des raisons de l’affaiblissement du contrat didactique entre les enseignants et les élèves. Les élèves qui fréquentent les segments les moins valorisés de l’enseignement secondaire sont conscients de leur situation de relégation et ont de faibles espérances scolaires. Ceux des meilleures séries de baccalauréat ont de fortes espérances car ils acquièrent des « valeurs scolaires » reconnues dans l’enseignement supérieur ou sur le marché du travail. L'existence d'un baccalauréat à statut unique, mais de fait organisé en séries différenciées permet une mobilité scolaire à la marge tout en produisant une insidieuse fiction d’égalité. En conséquence, la capacité de formation de l’organisation scolaire et son efficacité en termes d'apprentissage sont réduites. La focalisation sur l'unique question de l'inégalité scolaire apparaît in fine comme un obstacle à la bonne compréhension de ce qui se joue dans l'institution scolaire et à l'identification des mécanismes qui pourraient, ne serait-ce qu'à la marge, améliorer son fonctionnement pour tous. L'enjeu serait d'étudier les possibilités d'optimisation d'apprentissage de l'ensemble des élèves, quelles que soient leurs origines sociales et leurs parcours scolaires, soit de chercher à maximiser la production de « valeurs scolaires » pour tous<br>The object of this thesis is to analyse the mechanisms governing the fluxes of pupils and students in the French education system from ethnographical and statistical angles. Differentiation of the pupils' careers takes place essentially in high school, the second cycle of secondary education. This differentiation has consequences in terms of inequalities of learning and thereby of the subsequent paths followed in higher education. The differences as regards academic learning are one of the reasons why the educational contract between teachers and pupils is losing impetus. Pupils engaged in the least valued sectors of secondary education are aware of their second-best status and consequently do not place great expectations in their academic future. Pupils following the "best" streams of the baccalauréat can entertain high hopes as they acquire an "academic ranking" which is acknowledged in higher education or on the job market. The organisation of the baccalauréat streams allows a marginal academic mobility but an insidious fiction of equality blankets the mechanisms governing the fluxes. This fiction results in the pupils believing less not only in the educational institution but also in their cursus. Analysis of the mechanisms involved in the educational system should question their "usefulness" and their "efficiency" rather than their strictly equalitarian functioning. This analysis standpoint enables the possibilities of maximisation of the pupils' acquisition of knowledge and, more broadly speaking, of their "academic values" to be envisaged, whatever their academic class or social background
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Bourgoin, Alaric. "Le conseil en management à l'épreuve de sa mise en valeur : une étude empirique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00957543.
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Comment se façonne, en pratique, la valeur d'une prestation de conseil en management ? Malgré le dynamisme du marché qui lui confère une légitimité de fait, le conseil en management est à la fois mal connu et brocardé par la critique : on s'interroge sur l'efficacité de ses méthodes, sur la valeur ajoutée de ses préconisations. Les outils de la sociologie pragmatiste permettent de jeter un éclairage nouveau sur ces questions, en contournant l'opposition classique entre une approche fonctionnaliste (rationnelle-technique) et une approche critique (psycho-sociale) du métier. L'argument central de la thèse est que le conseil en management doit être compris comme une performance entièrement tendue vers un enjeu d'efficacité pratique qui se découvre dans l'action. La valeur émerge de la prestation en train de se faire : elle sanctionne la félicité d'un attachement socio-technique entre le consultant et le système-client dans lequel il intervient. Basée sur une immersion complète de près de trois ans dans un cabinet international, la thèse est une ethnographie de la pratique des consultants en mission dans différents grands groupes. Elle décrypte, en particulier, cinq opérations de mise en valeur qui augmentent la densité et l'impact de l'activité de conseil en management dans les systèmes-clients : (1) la singularisation de la prestation, (2) la montée en compétence du consultant, (3) la production de son autorité, (4) la présentation graphique du diagnostic et (5) le signalement de l'activité. L'étude empirique de ces mécanismes permet d'alimenter une théorie pragmatiste de la valeur comme forme pratique d'attachement et de mieux comprendre les enjeux du capitalisme contemporain.
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Seveau, Vincent. "Mouvements et enjeux de la reconnaissance artistique et professionnelle : une typologie des modes d'engagement en bande dessinée." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958812.
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En Europe francophone, la définition de la bande dessinée s'effectue aujourd'hui à l'aune de la qualification artistique. Comme objet culturel, les représentations de la bande dessinée contribuent à l'organisation de l'activité en fonction de l'opposition classique entre reconnaissance artistique et reconnaissance professionnelle. Cette opposition modifie la qualification de l'objet et de sa personnalité autour de laquelle se structurent différents types d'activité, de celle des commentateurs à celle des producteurs. Le processus de construction historique d'une qualification artistique de la bande dessinée s'oppose à la reconstitution du processus de professionnalisation de ses acteurs du même point de vue. D'autre part, cette opposition se traduit dans la sphère de la production dans l'apprentissage de savoir-faire spécifiques permettant de réduire la tension des valeurs contradictoires en jeu dans l'activité. L'articulation des enjeux contradictoires de l'artification et de la professionnalisation dans l'expérience de l'attachement à l'activité met en jeu une conception de l'identité personnelle qui se déploie en marge des bandes dessinées.
Books on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Signe, Howell, and European Association of Social Anthropologists., eds. The ethnography of moralities. Routledge, 1997.
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Dăncuș, Mihai. Arhitectura vernaculară și alte valori ale culturii populare în colecțiile Muzeului etnografic al Maramureșului: Vernacular architecture and other values of folk culture to be found in the collections of the Maramures Ethnographic Museum. Editura Dacia XXI, 2010.
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Thapan, Meenakshi. Life at school: An ethnographic study. Oxford University Press, 1991.
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Liebscher, Sandra Marcella Lucia. Gegenwärtige kulturelle Probleme und Varianten der Valdesi: Ethnographie der italienischen Waldenser 1991-1993. Brockmeyer, 1994.
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Cohn, Ruth E. The role of emotion in organizational response to a disaster: An ethnographic analysis of videotapes of the Exxon Valdez accident. Natural Hazards Research and Applications Information Center, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, 1992.
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Cohn, Ruth E. The role of emotion in organizational response to a disaster: An ethnographic analysis of videotapes of the Exxon Valdez accident. University of Colorado, Natural Hazards Research and Applications Information Center, 1992.
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Lamerichs, Nicolle. Productive Fandom. Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789089649386.
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To dismantle negative stereotypes of fans, this book offers a media ethnography of the digital culture, conventions, and urban spaces associated with fandoms, arguing that fandom is an area of productive, creative, and subversive value. By examining the fandoms of Sherlock, Glee, Firefly, and other popular television-based franchises, the author appeals to fans and scholars alike in her empirically grounded methodology and insightful analysis of production hierarchies, gender, sexuality, play, and affect.
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Kaufmann, Lena. Rural-Urban Migration and Agro-Technological Change in Post-Reform China. Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729734.
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How do rural Chinese households deal with the conflicting pressures of migrating into cities to work as well as staying at home to preserve their fields? This is particularly challenging for rice farmers, because paddy fields have to be cultivated continuously to retain their soil quality and value. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and written sources, Rural-Urban Migration and Agro-Technological Change in Post-Reform China describes farming households' strategic solutions to this predicament. It shows how, in light of rural-urban migration and agro-technological change, they manage to sustain both migration and farming. It innovatively conceives rural households as part of a larger farming community of practice that spans both staying and migrating household members and their material world. Focusing on one exemplary resource - paddy fields - it argues that socio-technical resources are key factors in understanding migration flows and migrant-home relations. Overall, this book provides rare insights into the rural side of migration and farmers' knowledge and agency.
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Gold, Ann Grodzins. Food Values Beyond Nutrition. Edited by Ronald J. Herring. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195397772.013.007.
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Cultural anthropologists have devoted considerable attention to multiple non-nutritional meanings and uses of food in diverse cultural worlds. This essay begins with a wide-ranging overview of some ways anthropology has portrayed food’s links to every aspect of human existence. Because this discipline’s prime method, fieldwork, is rooted in proximity and intimacy, sharing food with subjects of study has always been part of ethnographic experience. One major fascination lies in how biological food needs that are shared with all animals become culturally embellished with infinite variations that are evident in diverse aspects of life from cuisine to religious symbolism. The essay shifts focus to one ethnographic location in rural North India to examine three pervasive themes surrounding food in South Asian culture: solidarity, separation, and decline as a pervasive critique of modern tastelessness. Offering initially grounded examples of each theme, the essay moves to broader circles of related meanings in varied practices and narratives. Thus employing a classical interpretive mode in cultural anthropology, this chapter thinks through food values by tacking between far-reaching generalizations and highly localized specificities. In the context of a volume largely and properly focused on food materialities, conflicts, and policies, the chapter aims to evoke less concrete, less quantifiable aspects of comestibles in human cultures that may be nonetheless relevant to understanding interrelated workings of food, politics, and society. In many cultural worlds, moralities of sharing confront circumstances of inequity through acknowledging hunger as bodily knowledge common to all.
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Yalçın-Heckmann, Lale, ed. Moral Economy at Work: Ethnographic Investigations in Eurasia. Berghahn Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/9781800732353.
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The idea of a moral economy has been explored and assessed in numerous disciplines. The anthropological studies in this volume provide a new perspective to this idea by showing how the relations of workers, employees and employers, and of firms, families and households are interwoven with local notions of moralities. From concepts of individual autonomy, kinship obligations, to ways of expressing mutuality or creativity, moral values exert an unrealized influence, and these often produce more consent than resistance or outrage.
Book chapters on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Strudwick, Ruth M. "Relationships with Service Users and Values-Based Practice." In The Ethnographic Radiographer. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7252-1_8.
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Haryanto, Sigit, and Andi Haris Prabawa. "The Values of the Lebaran Tradition in Surakarta: An Ethnographic Study." In Proceedings of the 4th Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities and Social Science 2022 (BIS-HSS 2022). Atlantis Press SARL, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-118-0_50.
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Mustafa, Muh Sabir, Ubud Salim, Nur Khusniyah Indrawati, and Siti Aisjah. "Hulontalo Ethnic’s Values in Making Business Capital Funding Decisions." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_10.
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AbstractThis study aims to explore and understand the Hulontalo ethnic group in the furniture business in Gorontalo City values in making business capital funding decisions. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach using Spradley’s ethnographic design as the analysis knife and the Developmental Research Sequence method was used as the analysis technique. This study shows that the more widely used capital structure approach is the Pecking Order theory. The Hulontalo ethnic group’s values in making business capital funding decisions are caring, trust, and brotherhood.
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Turner, Jerome. "From Newsworthiness to Shareworthiness: Understanding Local News Value Judgements Through an Ethnographic Study of Hyperlocal Media Facebook Page Audiences." In News Values from an Audience Perspective. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45046-5_9.
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Abu Bakar, Mukhlis. "Transmission and Development of Literacy Values and Practices: An Ethnographic Study of a Malay Family in Singapore." In Education Innovation Series. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-967-7_2.
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Giacomazzi, Mauro. "The Contextualisation of 21st Century Skills in East Africa." In The Enabling Power of Assessment. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51490-6_3.
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AbstractThe world is concerned about young people’s preparedness to face challenges in the workplace, as well as society’s ability to respond to the social and economic issues of the twenty-first century. To respond to this challenge in the past decade, the education systems in East Africa have incorporated life skills and values into their policies and curricula; however, the actual implementation and incorporation of teaching and learning practices that foster these skills in the classroom is mostly unexplored. It has also been noted that tools used to measure 21st century skills in non-Western contexts have been borrowed from Western literature. This leaves no room for different understandings and conceptualisations of the skills to be measured. The Assessment of Life Skills and Values in East Africa (ALiVE) team addressed the gap in existing literature by exploring the understanding of collaboration, problem solving, self-awareness, and respect in the East African context through rapid ethnographic interviews. Each of these constructs are represented in the education systems of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. The researchers interviewed a total of 368 participants (80 from Kenya, 55 from Tanzania, and 95 from Uganda). Of these, 76 participants were adolescents; 78 were parents; and 76 were teachers. What emerges prominently in the East African context is that personal identity incorporates more communitarian than individualistic features compared to the Western descriptions of the self. As a consequence, when designing a data collection tool for assessing life skills in the East African context, there are several conceptual, ethnographic, and epistemological elements to be considered—not only at the initial stage of conceptualising the framework of a tool, but also in the process of tool development, data collection, and data analysis.
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Neuhausen, Miriam. "Understanding, collecting, and presenting data in New Englishes research." In Varieties of English Around the World. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g68.11neu.
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Against the background of my fieldwork in an isolated Old Order Mennonite community averse to secular norms and values, I suggest ethnographic fieldwork is key to understanding, collecting, and presenting New Englishes data. Before entering the field, researchers must begin to question principles that work in Western urban societies but may play out differently in lesser-studied communities. An understanding of the sociolinguistic realities in the community under investigation paves the way for the discovery of new social variables, access to speakers, and the accomplishment of meaningful research. I illustrate these benefits mainly in reference to the Labovian sociolinguistic interview. Finally, the paper argues that researchers need to ensure that their representation of the community is in line with the community’s interests.
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Siffels, Lotje, David van den Berg, Mirko Tobias Schäfer, and Iris Muis. "Public Values and Technological Change: Mapping how Municipalities Grapple with Data Ethics." In Transforming Communications – Studies in Cross-Media Research. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96180-0_11.
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AbstractLocal governments in the Netherlands are increasingly undertaking data projects for public management. While the emergence of data practices and the application of algorithms for decision making in public management have led to a growing critical commentary, little actual empirical research has been conducted. Over the past few years, we have developed a research method that enables researchers to enter organisations not merely as researchers but also as experts on data ethics. Through participatory and ethnographic observation, the DEDA (Data Ethics Decision Aid) gives us special insight into ethics in local government. Where most research has focused on the theoretical aspects of data ethics, our approach offers a new perspective on data practices, by looking at how data ethics is done in public management. Our research provides insight into the state of data awareness within organisations that are mostly portrayed—within critical data studies—as homogeneous and monolithic entities. The distinct method developed at Utrecht Data School allows researchers to immerse themselves within organisations and closely observe data practices, discourses on ethics, and how organisations address challenges that arise as a consequence of datafication. For the purpose of this chapter, we analyse our field work with the DEDA through the lens of Mark Moore’s Strategic Triangle of Public Value. We show how our field work can give insight into how the three angles of the strategic triangle are shaped in practice. From this analysis we draw three conclusions. First, that ethical awareness of data projects is often low because data literacy among civil servants is limited. Second, that by not recognising the choices civil servants have to make as ethical or political choices, they can make decisions that go beyond their mandate. Third, that there is a dangerous tendency where ethical deliberation is sometimes seen as an obnoxious bureaucratic box ticking exercise, instead of being considered as a vital part of the design and build-up of a data project.
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Kroon, Sjaak, Jinling Li, and Agnieszka Dreef. "Netherlands: Teachers’ Perspectives and Practices in Chinese and Polish Language and Culture Teaching." In To Be a Minority Teacher in a Foreign Culture. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25584-7_13.
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AbstractThe Netherlands has a long history of immigration. One of the oldest groups are the Chinese and one of the most recent ones are migrants from Poland. Both groups have created clear infrastructures for functioning in the Netherlands. One element thereof are complementary schools, i.e., community run schools that teach Chinese/Polish language and culture to Chinese/Polish students with a migration background, mainly on Saturdays. The teachers in these schools are generally community members who are not necessarily qualified as language or culture teachers. An ethnographic approach to these teachers’ classroom practices and perspectives shows that their professional practical knowledge as reflected in the operational and perceived curriculum domain are oriented more toward highlighting and promoting their home country’s national history, identity, ideology and values than to preparing their students for living in the superdiverse society of the Netherlands in which Dutch language and culture, also for many Chinese-Dutch and Polish-Dutch students are dominant.
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Hillersdal, Line, and Mette N. Svendsen. "Cancer Currencies: Making and Marketing Resources in a First-in-Human Drug Trial in Denmark." In Human Perspectives in Health Sciences and Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92612-0_4.
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AbstractWelfare state service delivery is increasingly driven by public-private collaborations and strategies aimed at turning the provision of core welfare services into a profitable business at an international scale. Particularly within cancer treatment development, the cost of medical research is increasing, and many policymakers see partnerships between private and public partners as mandatory to sustain public welfare services. But how do welfare state practices and values intersect with commercial interests as cancer research becomes increasingly entangled with big pharma interests? We explore this question by investigating the collaboration between a public hospital in Denmark and a multi-national pharmaceutical company and the practical work involved in setting up and running early cancer drug trials for personalised medicine. Based on ethnographic research we analyse how competition, investment and exchange practices shape how welfare resources for personalised medicine are defined, produced, and offered. We argue that qualities facilitated by the welfare state – i.e., fast-tracking trial procedures, high-quality data and high compliance of research subjects – become currencies transactable on the global market for drug development.
Conference papers on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Plosnita, Elena. "Contributions to ethnographic museography: the scholar Petre Ștefănucă." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.01.
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One of the main figures of the Romanian ethnographic museography of the interwar period was Petre Ștefănucă, the first Bessarabian who developed the concept of an ethnographic museum and for the first time expressed the idea of organizing a Bessarabian ethnographic museum in Chișinău. The author makes an analysis of the concept elaborated by P. Ștefănucă, concluding that the scientist defined an ethnographic museum as: – a means of saving and researching the ethnographic heritage and as a real living school of knowledge of the Romanian people between the Prut and the Dniester; – a scientific institution discussing a broad issue, that of integrating ethnology into history and, in its light, the relationship between a historical museum and an ethnographic museum; – a general museum, whose collections are based on a large typological diversity of cultural values, but with an emphasis on folk architecture and traditional techniques; – a repository of intangible heritage, suggesting that elements of this heritage be collected from peasants who are keepers of old beliefs and customs. P. Ștefănucă believed that the developed concept can be implemented only when the necessity and usefulness of the ethnographic museum for Bessarabia is realized by the whole society.
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Cocieru, Mariana. "Values of Romanian ethnological photographic art: Joseph Berman." In Conferință științifică internațională "FILOLOGIA MODERNĂ: REALIZĂRI ŞI PERSPECTIVE ÎN CONTEXT EUROPEAN". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2023.17.20.
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In this article, the author refers to one of the elite representatives of Romanian photographic art, Joseph Berman, a distinguished personality in the field of visual documentation, who contributed enormously to the development of ethnological field research. From a theoretical and practical perspective, a visual image immortalizes a moment in space and time, facilitating the recourse to the information it holds whenever needed. The photography can communicate to you several types of information, on the one hand, about the personality of the one who made this immortalization, revealing details about the preferences and skill of the master photographer, and on the other hand, it expresses realities, historical, social, ethnographic details of eternal temporal moments and habitats, motivating us to become critical consumers of visual images. For these reasons, the rhetoric of the image (Roland Barthes) becomes emblematic for ethnological research. Researchers in the field of Romanian ethnological photography delimit the period of flourishing (development) of visual documentation from the first half of the 20th century into two segments, the first up to Joseph Berman and the second – after him. With its affirmation in the photographic field, ethnological documentation took on color, becoming „alive”, loaded with deep meaning. The famous sociologist Dimitrie Gusti, appreciating his talent, called him: „co-author of the image of the Romanian village and peasant” and, rightly, did not accept a monographic campaign through the villages of Romania without Berman’s skill and talent, considering any other type of ethnological research compromised from the start.
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Kawaguchi, Yaeko, and Yasunobu Ito. "How to (Re)Define Nurses’ Professionalism: An Ethnographic Study of Outpatient Nurses in a Small Clinic in Japan." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003118.
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The purpose of this paper is to identify the distinctive functions that outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics perform outside of direct patient care and its values. It will also describe how outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics perceive the value of their work and how their experiences and education influence their understanding. The study was conducted at an I-Clinic in Fukuoka, Japan; 25 Participant observations and interviews with four outpatient nurses at the I-Clinic were conducted between September 2021 and January 2023. The results of the study revealed the characteristics of outpatient nurses’ work in small Japanese clinics. The functions of outpatient nurses in Japanese clinics were (1) to coordinate the elements involved in the day-to-day care, (2) to harmonize relationships among staff throughout the organization, and (3) to harmonize relationships with medical personnel outside the organization. Through these functions, nurses were shown to contribute to quality health care services to the community. However, I-Clinic nurses did not fully understand the value of these functions. The value of nurses’ contribution to the organization is currently rarely explained in basic nursing education and in the education of new nurses after graduation, suggesting the need to (re)define professionalism, including the work nurses do for the organization and its value, and to apply it in nursing education.
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Pingge, Heronimus Delu, Nana Supriatna, Sapriya, Abdul Azis Wahap, and Rahel Maga Haingu. "Ethnographic Study of the Umma Kalada Values of the Indigenous People of Loura and Its Application in Elementary Social Studies Learning." In 6th International Conference on Education & Social Sciences (ICESS 2021). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210918.030.
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Ijboldina, Irina. "The issue of studying and classifying the phenomenon of the literary-scientific heritage of Gh. Bezviconi in the works of researchers from the Republic of Moldova." In Ethnology Symposium "Ethnic traditions and processes", Edition II. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/9789975333788.10.
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The issue of George Bezvikonny’s scientific and literary heritage study and classification is considered in the article. The sphere of his interests included the history of Romania, Romanian-Russian relations, Bessarabian studies, genealogy, Pushkin studies, Armenology, Moldavian literary studies, iconography. The name of George Bezvikonny is associated with the underestimation of his legacy in modern Moldovan science. That is why it was important for us to compile a reviewed bibliography of his scientific works. The article surveys the most significant recent publications, written by our researchers. These works treat Bezvikonny’s literary work as an ethnographic asset that contains important ethnic values. The article outlines the problem of assessing and understanding George Bezvikonny’s creative heritage. The problem is caused by multidimensional approach to his personality and the lack of a single generalizing scientific work, which could be able to systematize the ethnic values of his works, having their historical and ethnocultural originality.
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Aclan, Eunice M., Jesse R. Songcayawon, Jeruel Ibañez, Edmund R. Acquioben, Aser Neph A. Torres, and Jap Tji Beng. "Alangan Mangyans’ Values That Shape Their Young Generations’ Thinking Skills, Technology Use, and Their Relationship to the Lowlanders: A Mini-Ethnographic Case Study." In International Conference on Economics, Business, Social, and Humanities (ICEBSH 2021). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210805.236.
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Allolinggi, Lutma Ranta, Sapriya Sapriya, and Kama Abdul Hakam. "Local Wisdom Values In Rambu Solo' Ceremony as a Source of Student Character Development (Ethnographic Studies on Traditional Ceremonies of the Tana Toraja Community)." In ICLIQE 2020: The 4th International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3452144.3452217.
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Gurcum, Banu, and Özge Özturk. "Colours and motifs of the traditional handknitted socks of Ağri province of Turkey." In 7th International Scientific Conference Contemporary Trends and Innovations in Textile Industry – CT&ITI 2024. Union of Engineers and Technicians of Serbia, Belgrade, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ct_iti24033g.
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The sacred land Anatolia, the cradle of many civilizations, covers many crafting traditions as clothing, kitchen tools, dowry items, carpets, rugs, socks, booties, jewellery works, pottery, or wooden products. These products, which people use daily from past to present, reflect the experience and knowledge accumulated over a long period of time, and carry historical values within themselves, ensuring cultural continuity. In this sense, it can be said that handicrafts are a part of life with their production and have a great value in terms of cultural history. Ethnography with a deeper understanding of culture, accept hand-knitted items not as mere garments worn on the body, but as nonverbal communication tools conveying the region, social life, feelings, and thoughts of the knitter through the colours, compositions and motifs. This paper aims at supporting the strong relationship between craft and ethnographic research by documenting it with the use of both traditional examples of handknitted socks and the identification of their common elements. Motifs used in traditional textiles play an important role in reflecting Turkish culture and identity and transferring it from generation to generation. In this context, 22 socks knitted in Ağrı were examined and the motifs used on the socks were determined. The motifs of hand-knitted socks, which are generally knitted for daily use and dowry, are stripes, diagonal stripes, cleats and hooks; It was concluded that black and white were preferred as colours. Nowadays, with the development of technology, the motifs in the products traditionally made in the regions have become more important, especially for use in culturally based textile products. For this reason, it is important to document and introduce the motifs that reflect our cultural identity to future generations.
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MARCYSIAK, Tomasz, and Piotr PRUS. "AUTO-ETHNOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES AS AN EFFICIENT TOOL FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF RURAL SOCIAL CAPITAL AND LOCAL IDENTITY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.164.
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Many regions in Poland are said to be a unique example of preservation of cultural heritage. These include many examples of Pomorskie, Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Wielkopolskie and Dolnoslaskie voivodships. These regions are known to preserve the traditional way of life and customs as well as the architecture, especially the sacral architecture. It is also much easier to build mutual trust and social capital in them, because people from those regions can always refer to the universal values of their ancestors. However, there are also regions which, under the influence of migration and post-displacement processes after World War II, have lost their cultural and social character. Economic emigrants and displaced people from the Eastern Borderlands and Central Poland shared poverty and desire to settle. Will they succeed, and is there a chance to recreate and build a new identity? Those are the questions we are trying to answer, and the following article presents some of the results. By moving the border of autobiographical and ethnographic methods, authors adopt an autoethnographic method (narrative interviews, participant observation, biographical methods), which means turning to narratives as a way of research and as an expression of the search for a different relationship between the researcher and the subject and between the author and the reader. The researchers use their own experiences as a source of description of the culture in which they participate and examine. As a result, the text is a story created by the local community and researchers, aimed at reproducing and creating identity in the post-immigrant rural communities based on experienced and historical memory. The research was conducted in the years 2016-2017 in the above mentioned voivodships.
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Risteski, Ljupcho S. "ETHNOGRAPHIC AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CULTURAL TOPOGRAPHY OF A REGION: EXAMPLES FROM MACEDONIAN FOLK CULTURE." In Book of Abstracts and Contributed Papers. Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijić" SASA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/csge5.80lr.
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Considering the cultural topography of a region as an anthropological phenomena and as a form of identification of people according to their local regional ethnic and cultural characteristics was very clearly pronounced in the folk tradition of the Macedonians and was probably one of the most significant cultural forms for the formation and preservation of cultural characteristics in conditions when it was still difficult to talk about a national identity, which, usually, follows the processes of the creation of nation-states, as well as the initiation of revival processes. In that sense, regional identification was one of the most powerful mechanisms for the survival of cultural values and, in a long historical process, perhaps the only form of identification of collectivities, until the formation of ethnic or national representations of the existence of peoples, nations, etc. Even during field research in modern conditions, people’s extremely strong sense of belonging to the local regional ethnic communities can be observed. However, in order to be able to proceed with the further analysis of some of the aspects of the spatial concept of the ethnographic landscape, we need to start by determining the conditional definition of the region. The region is understood as a separate, relatively independent ethnic and social organizational unit, in which, under certain historical, social, and political conditions, the members create, keep, and use common elements of identification, which on the one hand create mechanisms for mutual cultural connection, and on the other hand, elements of differentiation from others. The members of a certain region are in the largest number of cases connected through a system of common clan’s affiliation, that is, they connect the representations of the common origin, the same ancestor, or some other type of mutual connection. At the same time, the basic methodology and mechanisms in the formation of local-territorial identities correspond to the basic principles and principles of the creation of collective identities, which is why this problem largely remains in the domain of identity studies. Here, the spatial structure and organization of the area will be significant, as part of the elements used in building this type of identities.
Reports on the topic "Ethnographic values"
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Bano, Masooda. Curricula that Respond to Local Needs: Analysing Community Support for Islamic and Quranic Schools in Northern Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/103.
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Involving local communities in school management is seen to be crucial to improving the quality of education in state schools in developing countries; yet school-based management committees remain dormant in most such contexts. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with a rich network of community-supported Islamic and Quranic schools in the state of Kano in northern Nigeria—a sub-Saharan African region with very low education indicators, low economic growth, and political and social instability—this paper shows how making school curricula responsive to local value systems and economic opportunities is key to building a strong sense of community ownership of schools. Under community-based school management committees, control over more substantive educational issues—such as the content of school curricula and the nature of aspirations and concepts of a good life that it promotes among the students—remains firmly in the hands of the government education authorities, who on occasion also draw on examples from other countries and expertise offered by international development agencies when considering what should be covered. The paper shows that, as in the case of the urban areas, rural communities or those in less-developed urban centres lose trust in state schools when the low quality of education provided results in a failure to secure formal-sector employment. But the problem is compounded in these communities, because while state schools fail to deliver on the promise of formal-sector employment, the curriculum does promote a concept of a good life that is strongly associated with formal-sector employment and urban living, which remains out of reach for most; it also promotes liberal values, which in the local communities' perception are associated with Western societies and challenge traditional values and authority structures. The outcomes of such state schooling, in the experience of rural communities, are frustrated young people, unhappy with the prospect of taking up traditional jobs, and disrespectful of parents and of traditional authority structures. The case of community support for Islamic and Quranic schools in northern Nigeria thus highlights the need to consider the production of localised curricula and to adjust concepts of a good life to local contexts and economic opportunities, as opposed to adopting a standardised national curriculum which promotes aspirations that are out of reach.
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Bano, Masooda. Curricula that Respond to Local Needs: Analysing Community Support for Islamic and Quranic Schools in Northern Nigeria. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2022/103.
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Involving local communities in school management is seen to be crucial to improving the quality of education in state schools in developing countries; yet school-based management committees remain dormant in most such contexts. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with a rich network of community-supported Islamic and Quranic schools in the state of Kano in northern Nigeria—a sub-Saharan African region with very low education indicators, low economic growth, and political and social instability—this paper shows how making school curricula responsive to local value systems and economic opportunities is key to building a strong sense of community ownership of schools. Under community-based school management committees, control over more substantive educational issues—such as the content of school curricula and the nature of aspirations and concepts of a good life that it promotes among the students—remains firmly in the hands of the government education authorities, who on occasion also draw on examples from other countries and expertise offered by international development agencies when considering what should be covered. The paper shows that, as in the case of the urban areas, rural communities or those in less-developed urban centres lose trust in state schools when the low quality of education provided results in a failure to secure formal-sector employment. But the problem is compounded in these communities, because while state schools fail to deliver on the promise of formal-sector employment, the curriculum does promote a concept of a good life that is strongly associated with formal-sector employment and urban living, which remains out of reach for most; it also promotes liberal values, which in the local communities' perception are associated with Western societies and challenge traditional values and authority structures. The outcomes of such state schooling, in the experience of rural communities, are frustrated young people, unhappy with the prospect of taking up traditional jobs, and disrespectful of parents and of traditional authority structures. The case of community support for Islamic and Quranic schools in northern Nigeria thus highlights the need to consider the production of localised curricula and to adjust concepts of a good life to local contexts and economic opportunities, as opposed to adopting a standardised national curriculum which promotes aspirations that are out of reach.
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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings: Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research. Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices. Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed. Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data. Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.
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Kislev, Yoav, Ramon Lopez, and Ayal Kimhi. Intergenerational Transfers by Farmers under Different Institutional Environments. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604936.bard.
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This research studies the issues of intergenerational transfers in general and farm succession in particular in two different institutional environments. One is the relatively unregulated farm sector in the United States, and the other is the heavily regulated family farms in Israeli moshavim. Most of the analysis is based on modern economic theory dealing with inheritance and other intergenerational issues. However, we start with two background studies. One is a review of the legal system affecting farm succession in the moshav, which, as we claim throughout the report, is of major importance to the question in hand. The second is an ethnographical study aimed at documenting various inheritance and succession practices in different moshavim. These two studies provide insight for most of the economic studies included here. The theoretical studies mostly deal with various aspects of two major decisions faced by farmers: who will succeed them on the farm, and when will succession take place. The first decision clearly depends on the institutional structure: for instance, Israeli farmers are limited to one successor while American farmers are not. The second decision can be taken in three stages: sharing farm work with the successor, sharing farm management, and eventually transferring the ownership. The occurrence and length of each stage depend on the first decision as well as on the institutional structure directly. The empirical studies are aimed at analyzing the practices and considerations of Israeli and American farmers regarding various intergenerational transfers-related issues. We found that American farmers' decisions are mainly driven by the desire to let the farm prosper in future generations and by a preference for equal treatment of heirs, and not at all by old-age support considerations. In contrast, we demonstrate the significant effect of old-age support on the value of the transferred farm in a sample of Israeli farms. Using Israeli census data, we find that the time of farm ownership transfer responds to economic incentives. A smaller Israeli panel data set shows that controlling for the occurrence of succession, farm size rises with operator's age and eventually falls, while intensity of production seems to decline steadily. This explains another finding, that farm transfer contributed significantly to farm growth when farming was attractive to successors. This finding supports our main conclusion, that the succession decisions are of major importance to the viability and profitability of family farms over the long run.
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Producing Counternarratives: An ethnographic study of Pregones/Puerto Rican Traveling Theater in NYC. The Wallace Foundation, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59656/a-ao7893.001.
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